The Aspen Institute mission is twofold: to foster values-based leadership, encouraging individuals to reflect on the ideals and ideas that define a good society, and to provide a neutral and balanced venue for discussing and acting on critical issues. The Aspen Institute does this primarily in four ways: seminars, young-leader fellowships around the globe, policy programs, and public conferences and events. The Institute is based in Washington, DC, Aspen, CO, and on the Wye River on Maryland’s Eastern Shore and has an international network of partners. For more information, visit www.aspeninstitute.org. July 27 – July 30, 2011 Aspen, Colorado THE 2011 ASPEN SECURITY FOruM is proudly presented by 2 1 3 THE 2011 ASPEN SECURITY FOruM 4 is proudly sponsored by 1 2 5 3 4 6 5 6 7 8 9 7 9 8 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION 3 Welcome 5 Homeland Security Program PROGRAM 6 Forum Schedule SPEAKERS 14 Speakers and Moderators 18 Speaker Biographies 31 Moderator Biographies GENERAL INFORMATION 37 General Information 40 Aspen Map ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 43 Special Thanks 44 Forum Team JULY 27-30, 2011 THE ASPEN SECURITY FORUM ASPEN, COLORADO 1 The New York Times The York New salutes The Aspen Institute’s Forum on Homeland Security 10-1161AspenSalute_4c_PM1.indd 1 6/4/10 4:08:37 PM INTRODUCTION Welcome to the second annual Aspen Security Forum. Last summer’s debut forum exceeded our expectations in every respect. In just one year, the Forum is firmly established as the “go to” event of the year for homeland security/counterterrorism professionals and those intensely interested in this field. A number of things distinguish the Aspen Security Forum from the many other forums and conferences in this issue area. First is the wide range of topics covered and the breadth and depth of speakers who cover them. For three days, top-level present and former policymakers representing all of the relevant government agencies, industry leaders, leading thinkers in think tanks and academe, noted print and broadcast journalists, and concerned citizens will discuss and debate the major issues of the day in aviation security, maritime security, border security, mass transit security, critical infrastructure protection and “soft target” security, cyber-security, intelligence, terrorism finance, the legal aspects of the “war on terror,” counterterrorism strategy, and more. Second, there are no canned speeches, dry lectures, or mind-numbing PowerPoint presentations. Instead, the Forum features a series of thoughtful and thought-provoking conversations between speakers and moderators, and then between the speakers and the members of the audience. Third, the moderators are all “A-list” print and broadcast journalists from the nation’s leading media outlets, each of whom has deep expertise in this field and is especially adept at the probing and prodding that can elicit the insights and confidences that security professionals usually keep to themselves. And, not incidentally, all sessions are on the record, so the information obtained can be widely shared and put to good use. Fourth, the Forum takes place in a magical setting, amid the majestic mountains that surround our Aspen Meadows campus and cooled by the gentle breezes of a glorious Aspen summer. Like the dialogue, this bucolic setting is itself thought-provoking and mind-expanding. And, unlike the typical conference in Washington and other big cities where speakers and attendees tend to come and go, Forum participants tend to “come and stay.” This sustained participation leads to chance encounters and impromptu gatherings, at breaks, or over drinks or meals, and during long walks, that help to cement existing relationships and to build news ones with key decision makers and thought leaders. We are delighted by your being with us for the Aspen Security Forum in this critical year marking the tenth anniversary of 9/11. The key question for the forum this year – and, I believe, for the nation as a whole – is whether our success in finding and killing Osama bin Laden is the beginning of the end of the “war on terrorism,” or merely the end of the beginning, leading to a new, and perhaps even more dangerous phase in this now decade-long war. We look forward to exploring this overarching issue and many others with you as you settle in and engage with us for the next few days here at Aspen Meadows. Clark Kent Ervin Director, Homeland Security Program The Aspen Institute JULY 27-30, 2011 THE ASPEN SECURITY FORUM ASPEN, COLORADO 3 SECURING OUR TODAY, SAFEGUARDING OUR TOMORROW AGT International. Unlocking the potential of the world. www.agtinternational.com THE ASPEN INSTITUTE HOMELAND SECURITY PROGRAM INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW Through public and invitation-only forums, roundtables and conferences, speeches, books, opinion editorials, social media outlets, and media interviews and appearances, the Aspen Institute’s Homeland Security Program works to heighten public awareness as to the nation’s continued vulnerability to terrorism and to persuade decision makers to take the necessary steps to close the gap between how secure we should be and how secure we actually are. PUBLIC PROGRAMS In partnership with The New York Times the annual Aspen Security Forum is held at our campus in Aspen. Each year the forum brings to Aspen top policymakers, leading thinkers, industry insiders, and concerned citizens together to explore aviation security, maritime security, border security, mass transit security, cyber-security and other aspects of critical infrastructure security, “soft targets” security, intelligence, counterterrorism strategy, and more. For more information, please visit www.aspensecurityforum.org. INVITATION-ONLY POLICY PROGRAMS Luncheon Roundtables The program occasionally features government officials and other newsmakers for luncheon roundtable discussions about key homeland security/counterterrorism issues. Featured guests have included Secretary of Homeland Security Janet Napolitano, National Counterterrorism Center Director Michael Leiter, and Terrorist Screening Center Director Timothy Healy. Aspen Homeland Security Group Modeled on the longstanding Aspen Strategy Group, a bipartisan group of foreign policy experts, the Aspen Homeland Security Group is a bipartisan group of homeland security and counterterrorism experts whom the program periodically convenes in Washington, DC and at our Aspen campus to discuss issues in depth and make recommendations to policymakers. The Aspen Homeland Security Group is co-chaired by former Secretary of Homeland Security Michael Chertoff and former Congresswoman Jane Harman. Roundtable on How the Venture Capital Industry Can Help to Secure the Homeland In partnership with the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, Stanford University, and a Silicon Valley venture capital firm, Levensohn Venture Partners, the program convened Silicon Valley venture capitalists and key Washington decision makers in the homeland security and intelligence communities at Stanford in October, 2009 to discuss how the venture capital industry can play a greater role in founding and funding homeland security-related technologies. A follow-up discussion took place in October, 2010 in Cambridge, MA for Boston-area venture capitalists. The Homeland Security Program is planning additional discussions in other VC hubs around the country. Cities’ Preparedness for Terrorism Roundtables Thanks to a generous lead grant from the Ford Foundation, supplemented by additional grants from the Rockefeller Foundation, the McCormick Foundation, and the Houston Endowment, the program convened policymakers and leading thinkers in five cities—New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston, and New Orleans—to assess those cities’ preparedness for terrorism. For more information, please see http://as.pn/6j. JULY 27-30, 2011 THE ASPEN SECURITY FORUM ASPEN, COLORADO 5 FORUM SCHEDULE WEDNESDAY July 27 6:00–7:15 pm THE ROLE OF SPECIAL OPERATIONS FORCES IN THE GLOBAL WAR ON TERRORISM The commander of Special Operations Forces will explain their role in the successful hunt for Osama bin Laden; the ongoing searches for Ayman al-Zawahiri, Mullah Omar, Anwar al-Awlaki, and other top terrorists; and “the war on terror” in general around the globe. Eric T. Olson, Commander, US Special Operations Command MODERATOR Martha Raddatz, ABC News GREENWALD PAVILION 7:15–8:30 pm OPENING RECEPTION SCHEDULE MCNULTY ROOM, DOERR-HOSIER CENTER THURSDAY July 28 8:00–9:00 am BREAKFAST DOERR-HOSIER CENTER 9:00–10:00 am COUNTERTERRORISM: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE The former director of the National Counterterrorism Center will reflect on his tenure and give us his forecast of the counterterrorism challenges that will face his successors in the next decade. Michael Leiter, former Director, National Counterterrorism Center, Office of the Director of National Intelligence MODERATOR David Sanger, The New York Times MCNULTY ROOM, DOERR-HOSIER CENTER 10:00–10:15 am BREAK 10:15–11:15 am AVIATION SECURITY Ten years after 9/11 and billions of dollars later, gaps remain in aviation security, as shown by the “underwear bomber” and the cargo bomb plot. Meanwhile, the public’s tolerance for heightened security measures is waning. Is there a way to close the security gaps that remain and lessen the inconvenience to the traveling public? Or must we choose between security and convenience? John Pistole, Assistant Secretary of the Transportation Security Administration, Department of Homeland Security MODERATOR Jeanne Meserve, CNN MCNULTY ROOM, DOERR-HOSIER CENTER 11:15–11:30 am BREAK