In cooperation with the State of Michigan, Department of Environmental Quality Summary of Hydrogeologic Conditions by County for the State of Michigan Open-File Report 2007-1236 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Summary of Hydrogeologic Conditions by County for the State of Michigan By Beth A. Apple and Howard W. Reeves In cooperation with the State of Michigan, Department of Environmental Quality Open-File Report 2007-1236 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior DIRK KEMPTHORNE, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Mark D. Myers, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2007 For more information about the USGS and its products: Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/ Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted materials contained within this report. Suggested citation Beth, A. Apple and Howard W. Reeves, 2007, Summary of Hydrogeologic Conditions by County for the State of Michi- gan. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1236, 78 p. Cover photographs Clockwise from upper left: Photograph of Pretty Lake by Gary Huffman. Photograph of a river in winter by Dan Wydra. Photographs of Lake Michigan and the Looking Glass River by Sharon Baltusis. iii Contents Abstract ...........................................................................................................................................................1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................1 Purpose and Scope ..............................................................................................................................1 Study Area.......................................................................................................................................................1 County Summaries .........................................................................................................................................3 Alcona County .......................................................................................................................................3 Alger County ..........................................................................................................................................3 Allegan County ......................................................................................................................................4 Alpena County .......................................................................................................................................5 Antrim County ........................................................................................................................................6 Arenac County .......................................................................................................................................6 Baraga County .......................................................................................................................................8 Barry County ..........................................................................................................................................8 Bay County .............................................................................................................................................9 Benzie County ......................................................................................................................................10 Berrien County.....................................................................................................................................11 Branch County .....................................................................................................................................11 Calhoun County ...................................................................................................................................12 Cass County .........................................................................................................................................13 Charlevoix County ...............................................................................................................................13 Cheboygan County ..............................................................................................................................14 Chippewa County ................................................................................................................................15 Clare County.........................................................................................................................................16 Clinton County......................................................................................................................................17 Crawford County .................................................................................................................................18 Delta County.........................................................................................................................................18 Dickinson County ................................................................................................................................19 Eaton County ........................................................................................................................................20 Emmet County ......................................................................................................................................22 Genesee County ..................................................................................................................................23 Gladwin County ...................................................................................................................................24 Gogebic County ...................................................................................................................................25 Grand Traverse County ......................................................................................................................26 Gratiot County ......................................................................................................................................27 Hillsdale County...................................................................................................................................28 Houghton County.................................................................................................................................29 Huron County .......................................................................................................................................29 Ingham County.....................................................................................................................................31 Ionia County .........................................................................................................................................32 Iosco County ........................................................................................................................................33 Iron County ...........................................................................................................................................34 Isabella County ....................................................................................................................................35 Jackson County ...................................................................................................................................35 Kalamazoo County ..............................................................................................................................36 Kalkaska County ..................................................................................................................................37 iv Kent County ..........................................................................................................................................37 Keweenaw County ..............................................................................................................................39 Lake County..........................................................................................................................................39 Lapeer County......................................................................................................................................40 Leelanau County..................................................................................................................................41 Lenawee County..................................................................................................................................42 Livingston County ................................................................................................................................43 Luce County .........................................................................................................................................44 Mackinac County 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