FAMILY Gonostomatidae Cocco, 1838 - bristlemouths, angelmouths [=Gonostomini, Diplophinae, Bonapartinae, Manducinae] Notes: Gonostomini Cocco, 1838:162 [ref. 865] (subfamily) Gonostoma [genus inferred from the stem, Article 11.7.1.1; stem corrected to Gonostomat- by Boulenger 1904b:571 [ref. 31880], confirmed by Whitley 1935a:215 [ref. 4683] and by Nelson 1976:108 [ref. 32838]] Diplophinae Fowler, 1925:1 [ref. 1401] (subfamily) Diplophos Bonapartinae Fowler, 1936c:1200 [ref. 6546] (subfamily) Bonapartia [correct stem is Bonaparti-] Manducinae Fowler, 1958b:7 [ref. 1470] (subfamily) Manducus

GENUS Bonapartia Goode & Bean, 1896 - longray fangjaws [=Bonapartia Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1896:102, Zaphotias Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], in Jordan & Evermann, 1898:2826] Notes: [ref. 1848]. Fem. Bonapartia pedaliota Goode & Bean, 1896. Type by monotypy. Possibly preoccupied by Bonapartia Buettikofer, June 1896 in Aves; date of Goode & Bean being after July 20, 1896, and probably 24 August 1896. If preoccupied, should be replaced by Zaphotias Goode & Bean, 1898. •Valid as Bonapartia Goode & Bean, 1896 -- (Witzell 1973:115 [ref. 7172], Weitzman 1974:472 [ref. 5174], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:285 [ref. 13675], Ahlstrom et al. 1984:185 [ref. 13643], Schaefer et al. 1986:248 [ref. 5709], Paxton et al. 1989:183 [ref. 12442], Harold 1998:715 [ref. 24431], Harold 1999:1898 [ref. 24741], Miya & Nishida 2000:385 [ref. 24454], Harold 2003:883 [ref. 27001], Paxton et al. 2006:419 [ref. 28995]). Current status: Valid as Bonapartia Goode & Bean, 1896. Gonostomatidae. (Zaphotias) [ref. 2445]. Masc. Bonapartia pedaliota Goode & Bean, 1896. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Bonapartia Goode & Bean, 1896, preoccupied by Bonapartia Buettikofer, 1896 in Aves. Date of Goode & Bean after July 20, 1896 (Cohen 1963 [ref. 6883]) and Buettikofer evidently June 1896. Probably should replace Bonapartia Goode & Bean in current use; now treated as a synonym of Bonapartia -- (e.g., Witzell 1973:116 [ref. 7172]). Current status: Synonym of Bonapartia Goode & Bean, 1896. Gonostomatidae.

Species Bonapartia pedaliota Goode & Bean, 1896 - longray fangjaws [=Bonapartia pedaliota Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1896:102, Pl. 32 (fig. 120), Zaphotias nudum Borodin [N. A.], 1930:88, Zaphotias photocephalus Roule [L.] & Angel [F.], 1933:25, Pl. 1 (fig. 13-13a)] Notes: [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Off Florida, U.S.A., 25°20'30"N, 79°58'W, Albatross station 2642, depth 217 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Bonapartia pedaliota Goode & Bean, 1896. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine. (nudum) [Proceedings of the New England Zoölogical Club v. 11; ref. 16067] Northern Atlantic, 33°N, 64°W, depth 1200 meters. Current status: Synonym of Bonapartia pedaliota Goode & Bean, 1896. Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine. (photocephalus) [Résultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert 1er Monaco. Fasc. 86; ref. 3827] Azores, northeastern Atlantic, station 3279, depth 0-3000 meters. Current status: Synonym of Bonapartia pedaliota Goode & Bean, 1896. Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Cyclothone Goode & Bean, 1883 - bioluminescent bristlemouths [=Cyclothone Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1883:221, Panderiella Kasatkina [A. P.], 2000:373] Notes: [ref. 1838]. Fem. Cyclothone lusca Goode & Bean, 1883. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Cyclothone Goode & Bean, 1883 – (Mukhacheva 1964 [ref. 9046], Witzell 1973:116 [ref. 7172], Weitzman 1974:472 [ref. 5174], Badcock 1982 [ref. 8512], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:286 [ref. 13675], Ahlstrom et al. 1984:185 [ref. 13643], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:46 [ref. 6441], Schaefer et al. 1986:248 [ref. 5709], Paxton et al. 1989:183 [ref. 12442], Gon 1990:116 [ref. 21680], Miya & Nemoto 1991:67 [ref. 22367], Miya 1994:191 [ref. 22045], Gomon et al. 1994:247 [ref. 22532], Harold 1998:715 [ref. 24431], Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741], Miya & Nishida 2000:385 [ref. 24454], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:211 [ref. 25968], Harold 2003:884 [ref. 27001], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:259 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:419 [ref. 28995], Harold & Gomon 2008:224 [ref. 30629], Fricke et al. 2009:23 [ref. 30213], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:119 [ref. 31212]). Current status: Valid as Cyclothone Goode & Bean, 1883. Gonostomatidae. (Panderiella) [ref. 27920]. Panderella viva Kasatkina, 2000. Type by monotypy. Described as a living fossil euconodont, in a new class, family, genus and species. According to C. F. Kammerer (pers. comm. 7/30/2002), this is a damaged specimen of the genus Cyclothone! •Synonym of Cyclothone Goode & Bean, 1883 -- (Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:259 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Cyclothone Goode & Bean, 1883. Gonostomatidae. Species Cyclothone acclinidens Garman, 1899 - benttooth bristlemouth [=Cyclothone acclinidens Garman [S.], 1899:247, Pl. J (fig. 4)] Notes: [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Off Galápagos Islands, eastern Pacific, 0°36'S, 78°138'W, depth 0-2413 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Cyclothone acclinidens Garman, 1899. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal (including Hawaiian Islands). Habitat: marine.

Species Cyclothone alba Brauer, 1906 - bristlemouth [=Cyclothone signata var. alba Brauer [A.], 1906:80, Fig. 30] Notes: [Die Tiefsee-Fische v. 15; ref. 632] Several localities. Current status: Valid as Cyclothone alba Brauer, 1906. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas. Habitat: marine.

Species Cyclothone atraria Gilbert, 1905 - deepwater bristlemouth [=Cyclothone atraria Gilbert [C. H.], 1905:605, Pl. 72 (fig. 2), Cyclothone pacifica Mukhacheva [V. A.], 1964:114, Fig. 13] Notes: [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 23 (pt 2) [for 1903]; ref. 1631] Off Kauai Island, Hawaiian Islands, Albatross station 4187, depth 507-703 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Cyclothone atraria Gilbert, 1905. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: North Pacific, including Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine. (pacifica) [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 73; ref. 9046] North Pacific, 45°16'[or 01']N, 156°13'[or 48']E, depth 0-4300 meters over 4480 meters. Current status: Synonym of Cyclothone atraria Gilbert, 1905. Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Cyclothone braueri Jespersen & Taning, 1926 - garrick [=Cyclothone braueri Jespersen [P.] & Tåning [A. V.], 1926:7, 52, Figs. 4, 6 (upper)] Notes: [Report on the Danish Oceanographic Expedition 1908-1910 to the Mediterranean and Adjacent Seas.. v. 2 (Biology); ref. 15592] Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Valid as Cyclothone braueri Jespersen & Tåning, 1926. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas (in the North Atlantic also in temperate waters northy to 66°N) (including Mediterranean Sea, Mascarenes), but except North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Cyclothone kobayashii Miya, 1994 - Kobayashi's bristlemouth [=Cyclothone kobayashii Miya [M.], 1994:193, Fig. 2] Notes: [Copeia 1994 (no. 1); ref. 22045] Southern Ocean, 45°03.2'S, 115°01.1'E, depth 0-1058 meters. Current status: Valid as Cyclothone kobayashii Miya, 1994. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in southern Hemisphere. Habitat: marine.

Species Cyclothone livida Brauer, 1902 - livid bristlemouth [=Cyclothone livida Brauer [A.], 1902:279] Notes: [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 25 (no. 668); ref. 631] Atlantic Ocean. Current status: Valid as Cyclothone livida Brauer, 1902. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

Species Cyclothone microdon (Gunther, 1878) - veiled angelmouth [=Gonostoma microdon Günther [A.], 1878:188 [21], Cyclothone lusca Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1883:221, Neostoma quadrioculatum Vaillant [L. L.], 1888:99, Pl. 8 (figs. 2, 2a-2c)] Notes: [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 5) v. 2 (nos 7/8/9)(art. 2/22/28); ref. 2010] Kermadec Islands, Challenger station 171, depth 600 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Cyclothone microdon (Günther, 1878). Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical, subtropical and temperate seasto the arctic region (including Mascarenes), except North Pacific. Mesopelagic at 0-2700 m depth. Habitat: marine. (lusca) [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 10 (no. 5); ref. 1838] Atlantic, 31°41'-34°28'25"N, 74°35'-76°12'30"W, depth 457-1632 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Cyclothone microdon (Günther, 1878). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine. (quadrioculatum) [Expéditions scientifiques du "Travailleur" et du "Talisman"; ref. 4496] Gulf of Gascony, Portugal coasts, Morocco, Canary Islands, Banc d' Arguin, Cape Verde, Azores, northern Atlantic, depth 950-4415 meters. Current status: Synonym of Cyclothone microdon (Günther, 1878). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Cyclothone obscura Brauer, 1902 - hidden bristlemouth [=Cyclothone obscura Brauer [A.], 1902:280, Notes: [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 25 (no. 668); ref. 631] Atlantic and Indian Ocean. Current status: Valid as Cyclothone obscura Brauer, 1902. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal, including Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

Species Cyclothone pallida Brauer, 1902 - tan bristlemouth [=Cyclothone pallida Brauer [A.], 1902:281, Cyclothone canina Gilbert [C. H.], 1905:604, Pl. 71 (fig. 2)] Notes: [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 25 (no. 668); ref. 631] Atlantic and Indian Ocean. Current status: Valid as Cyclothone pallida Brauer, 1902. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas. Habitat: marine. (canina) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 23 (pt 2) [for 1903]; ref. 1631] Off Kauai Island, Hawaiian Islands, Albatross station 4005, depth 480-577 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Cyclothone pallida Brauer, 1902. Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Cyclothone parapallida Badcock, 1982 - shadow bristlemouth [=Cyclothone parapallida Badcock [J.], 1982:200, Figs. 2-4] Notes: [Journal of Fish Biology v. 20 (no. 2); ref. 8512] 10°28'N, 19°43'W, depth 3140-0 meters. Current status: Valid as Cyclothone parapallida Badcock, 1982. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Atlantic, west-central Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Cyclothone pseudoacclinidens Quero, 1974 - Quero's bristlemouth (author) [=Cyclothone pseudoacclinidens Quéro [J.-C.], 1974:449, Figs. 1-4] Notes: [Revue des Travaux de l'Institut des Pêches Maritimes v. 38 (no. 4); ref. 7531] Northeastern Atlantic, 46°07'N, 4°16'W, depth 600-4000 meters. Current status: Valid as Cyclothone pseudoacclinidens Quéro, 1974. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine.

Species Cyclothone pseudopallida Mukhacheva, 1964 - slender bristlemouth [=Cyclothone pseudopallida Mukhacheva [V. A.], 1964:104, Fig. 7a, Panderiella viva Kasatkina [A. P.], 2000:710, Figs. 1-3] Notes: [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 73; ref. 9046] Northeastern Pacific, 38°34'N [or 38°13'N], 144°18'[or 144°13']E, depth 0-1550 meters over 7420 meters. Current status: Valid as Cyclothone pseudopallida Mukhacheva, 1964. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal (including Hawaiian Islands). Habitat: marine. (viva) [Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR v. 373 (no. 5); ref. 27920] Current status: Synonym of Cyclothone pseudopallida Mukhacheva, 1964. Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Cyclothone pygmaea Jespersen & Taning, 1926 - pygmy bristlemouth (author) [=Cyclothone microdon var. pygmaea Jespersen [P.] & Tåning [A. V.], 1926:7, 54, Figs. 5, 6 (bottom)] Notes: [Report on the Danish Oceanographic Expedition 1908-1910 to the Mediterranean and Adjacent Seas.. v. 2 (Biology); ref. 15592] Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Valid as Cyclothone pygmaea Jespersen & Tåning, 1926. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea endemic. Habitat: marine.

Species Cyclothone signata Garman, 1899 - showy bristlemouth [=Cyclothone signata Garman [S.], 1899:246, Pl. J (fig. 3)] Notes: [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Gulf of Panama, eastern Pacific, 6°21'N, 80°41'W, Albatross station 3382, depth 1793 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Cyclothone signata Garman, 1899. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Central and eastern Pacific, including Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Diplophos Gunther, 1873 - bristlemouths, portholefishes [=Diplophos Günther [A.], 1873:101, Paraphotichthys Whitley [G. P.], 1931:334] Notes: [ref. 6423]. Masc. Diplophos taenia Günther, 1873. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Diplophos Günther, 1873 -- (Witzell 1973:118 [ref. 7172], Weitzman 1974:472 [ref. 5174], Fink & Weitzman 1982 [ref. 5177], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:295 [ref. 13675], Ahlstrom et al. 1984:185 [ref. 13643], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:44 [ref. 6441], Schaefer et al. 1986:250 [ref. 5709], Paxton et al. 1989:185 [ref. 12442], Ozawa et al. 1990 [ref. 16665], Harold 1998:722 [ref. 24431], Harold 1999:1898 [ref. 24741], Harold 2003:883 [ref. 27001], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:259 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:421 [ref. 28995], Harold & Gomon 2008:226 [ref. 30629]). Current status: Valid as Diplophos Günther, 1873. Gonostomatidae. (Paraphotichthys) [ref. 4672]. Masc. Gonostoma maderense Johnson, 1890. Type by being a replacement name. Unneeded replacement for Manducus Goode & Bean, 1896, not preoccupied by Manduca Huebner, 1806 in Lepidoptera. •Synonym of Diplophos Günther, 1873 -- (Witzell 1973:118 [ref. 7172], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:259 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Diplophos Günther, 1873. Gonostomatidae.

Species Diplophos australis Ozawa et al., 1990 - South Atlantic portholefish (author) [=Diplophos australis Ozawa [T.], Oda [K.] & Ida [T.], 1990:111, Fig. 11] Notes: [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 37 (no. 2); ref. 16665] South Atlantic, 40°00'S, 30°40'W, depth 99-102 meters. Current status: Valid as Diplophos australis Ozawa, Oda & Ida, 1990. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Southern Ocean. Habitat: marine.

Species Diplophos orientalis Matsubara, 1940 - Matsubara's portholefish (author) [=Diplophos taenia orientalis Matsubara [K.], 1940:317] Notes: [Suisan Kenkiu-Shi v. 35 (no. 12); ref. 13061] Huji River, Kambara, Japan, depth 167 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diplophos orientalis Matsubara, 1940. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Western and central North Pacific including Hawaiian Ridge. Habitat: marine.

Species Diplophos pacificus Gunther, 1889 - Gunther's portholefish (author) [=Diplophos pacificus Günther [A.], 1889:33, Pl. 4 (fig. B)] Notes: [Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger v. 31 (pt 78); ref. 2017] Mid-Pacific, 5°54'N, 147°02'W. Current status: Valid as Diplophos pacificus Günther, 1889. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine.

Species Diplophos proximus Parr, 1931 - Mexican portholefish (author) [=Diplophos proximus Parr [A. E.], 1931:14, Fig. 4] Notes: [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 2 (art. 4); ref. 3371] Pacific coast of Mexico, lower Gulf of California, 24°07'N, 108°40'W, depth 286 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diplophos proximus Parr, 1931. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diplophos rebainsi Krefft & Parin, 1972 - Rebain's portholefish [=Diplophos rebainsi Krefft [G.] & Parin [N. V.], 1972:94, Fig. 1] Notes: [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 23 (no. 2); ref. 7622] Southwestern Atlantic, 43°00'S, 26°37'W, depth 900-1030 meters. Current status: Valid as Diplophos rebainsi Krefft & Parin, 1972. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in Southern Hemisphere. Habitat: marine.

Species Diplophos taenia Gunther, 1873 - Pacific portholefish [=Diplophos taenia Günther [A.], 1873:102 [6], Fig.] Notes: [Journal des Museum Godeffroy v. 1 (no. 2); ref. 6423] Mid-Atlantic. Current status: Valid as Diplophos taenia Günther, 1873. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in warm seas (including Hawaiian Islands). Habitat: marine.

GENUS Gonostoma Rafinesque, 1810 - bristlemouths [=Gonostoma Rafinesque [C. S.], 1810:64, Neostoma Vaillant [L. L.], in Filhol, 1884:184] Notes: [ref. 3595]. Neut. Gonostoma denudata Rafinesque, 1810. Type by monotypy. Species originally spelled denudata, termination should be denudatum to agree with gender of genus. •Valid as Gonostoma Rafinesque, 1810 -- (Witzell 1973:114 [ref. 7172], Weitzman 1974:472 [ref. 5174], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:297 [ref. 13675], Ahlstrom et al. 1984:185 [ref. 13643], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:45 [ref. 6441], Schaefer et al. 1986:251 [ref. 5709], Paxton et al. 1989:185 [ref. 12442], Gomon et al. 1994:247 [ref. 22532], Harold 1998:715 [ref. 24431], Harold 1999:1899 [ref. 24741], Miya & Nishida 2000:385 [ref. 24454], Harold 2003:884 [ref. 27001], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:259 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:421 [ref. 28995], Harold & Gomon 2008:227 [ref. 30629], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:119 [ref. 31212]). Current status: Valid as Gonostoma Rafinesque, 1810. Gonostomatidae. (Neostoma) [ref. 1326]. Neut. Neostoma bathyphilum Vaillant, 1884. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Gonostoma Rafinesque, 1810 -- (Witzell 1973:114 [ref. 7172], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:259 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Gonostoma Rafinesque, 1810. Gonostomatidae.

Species Gonostoma atlanticum Norman, 1930 - Atlantic fangjaw [=Gonostoma denudatum atlanticum Norman [J. R.], 1930:283] Notes: [Discovery Reports v. 2; ref. 3219] Eastern Atlantic. Current status: Valid as Gonostoma atlanticum Norman, 1930. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in warm seas (including Hawaiian Islands). Habitat: marine.

Species Gonostoma denudatum Rafinesque, 1810 - Mediterranean fangjaw (author) [=Gonostoma denudata Rafinesque [C. S.], 1810:65, Gasteropelecus acanturus Cocco [A.], 1829:145] Notes: [Indice d'ittiologia siciliana; ref. 3595] Sicily [Mediterranean Sea]. Current status: Valid as Gonostoma denudatum Rafinesque, 1810. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Atlantic, including Mediterranean Sea. Habitat: marine. (acanturus) [Giornale di Scienze Lettere e Arti per La Sicilia Anno 7, v. 26 (no. 77); ref. 857] Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Gonostoma denudatum Rafinesque, 1810. Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Manducus Goode & Bean, 1896 - bristlemouths [=Manducus Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1896:514] Notes: [ref. 1848]. Masc. Gonostoma maderense Johnson, 1890. Type by monotypy. Paraphotichthys Whitley, 1931 is an unneeded replacement, not preoccupied by Manduca Huebner ca., 1806 in Lepidoptera. •Synonym of Diplophos Günther, 1873 -- (Witzell 1973:118 [ref. 7172]). •Valid as Munducus Goode & Bean, 1896 -- (Ahlstrom et al. 1984:185 [ref. 13643], Smith et al. 1991 [ref. 16541], Harold 1998:722 [ref. 24431], Harold 1999:1898 [ref. 24741], Harold 2003:883 [ref. 27001]). Current status: Valid as Manducus Goode & Bean, 1896. Gonostomatidae.

Species Manducus greyae (Johnson, 1970) - Sulawesi bristlemouth (author) [=Diplophos greyae Johnson [R. K.], 1970:439, Figs. 1A-B, 2] Notes: [Copeia 1970 (no. 3); ref. 7751] Sulawesi Sea, 6°00.5'N, 122°35.6'E, 3000 meters of wire out. Current status: Valid as Manducus greyae (Johnson, 1970). Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Manducus maderensis (Johnson, 1890) - Atlantic bristlemouth (author) [=Gonostoma maderense Johnson [J. Y.], 1890:458, Diplophos minutus Jespersen [P.] & Tåning [A. V.], 1919:224, Pl. 17 (fig. 15), Diplophos moorei Welsh [W. W.], 1923:1, Fig. 1] Notes: [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1890 (pt 2); ref. 14496] Fish market, Funchal, Madeira. Current status: Valid as Manducus maderensis (Johnson, 1890). Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine. (minutus) [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 70; ref. 2350] North Atlantic, south of 40°N and west of 50°W. Current status: Synonym of Manducus maderensis (Johnson, 1890). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine. (moorei) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 62 (no. 2449); ref. 15432] 5 miles west from Gun Cay, Bahamas, Gulf Stream, depth 75-0 meters. Current status: Synonym of Manducus maderensis (Johnson, 1890). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Margrethia Jespersen & Taning, 1919 - bristlemouths [=Margrethia Jespersen [P.] & Tåning [A. V.], 1919:222, Snellius Koumans [F. P.], 1953:183] Notes: [ref. 2350]. Fem. Margrethia obtusirostra Jespersen & Tåning, 1919. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Margrethia Jespersen & Tåning, 1919 -- (Witzell 1973:119 [ref. 7172], Weitzman 1974:472 [ref. 5174], Badcock in Whitehead et al. 1984:301 [ref. 13675], Ahlstrom et al. 1984:185 [ref. 13643], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:46 [ref. 6441], Schaefer et al. 1986:252 [ref. 5709], Paxton et al. 1989:186 [ref. 12442], Harold 1998:715 [ref. 24431], Harold 1999:1898 [ref. 24741], Miya & Nishida 2000:385 [ref. 24454], Harold 2003:883 [ref. 27001], Paxton et al. 2006:421 [ref. 28995]). Current status: Valid as Margrethia Jespersen & Tåning, 1919. Gonostomatidae. (Snellius) [ref. 2679]. Masc. Snellius boschmai Koumans 1953. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Margrthia Jespersen & Tåning 1919. Current status: Synonym of Margrethia Jespersen & Tåning, 1919. Gonostomatidae. Species Margrethia obtusirostra Jespersen & Taning, 1919 - bighead portholefish [=Margrethia obtusirostra Jespersen [P.] & Tåning [A. V.], 1919:222, Pl. 17 (figs. 11-12), Snellius boschmai Koumans [F. P.], 1953:184, Fig. 1, Margrethia disjuncta Myers [G. S.], 1934:1] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 70; ref. 2350] Cadiz Bay, Spain, northeastern Atlantic, 20°26'N, 61°03'W, depth 100 meters. Current status: Valid as Margrethia obtusirostra Jespersen & Tåning, 1919. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in warm seas (including Hawaiian Islands), but except northeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine. (boschmai) [Temminckia, Leiden v. 9; ref. 2679] Indo-Australian Archipelago, 3°33'S, 124°32.5'E. Current status: Synonym of Margrethia obtusirostra Jespersen & Tåning, 1919. Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine. (disjuncta) [Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections v. 91 (no. 9); ref. 3107] North of Culebra Island, West Indies, 19°30'N, 65°16'W, depth 950 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Margrethia obtusirostra Jespersen & Tåning, 1919. Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Margrethia valentinae Parin, 1982 - Parin's margrethia (author) [=Margrethia valentinae Parin [N. V.], 1982:70, Fig.] Notes: [Biologiya Morya (Vladivostok) v. 1982 (no. 2); ref. 8434] Southeastern parts of the Pacific and Indian oceans, 30°22'S [not 33°29'S], 88°44'E, depth 1320 meters. Current status: Valid as Margrethia valentinae Parin, 1982. Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Sigmops Gill, 1883 - bristlemouths [=Sigmops Gill [T. N.], 1883:256] Notes: [ref. 1724]. Masc. Sigmops stigmaticus Gill, 1883. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Gonostoma Rafinesque, 1810 -- (Witzell 1973:114 [ref. 7172]). •Valid as Sigmops Gill, 1883 -- (Miya & Nishida 2000:385 [ref. 24454], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:211 [ref. 25968], Paxton et al. 2006:421 [ref. 28995]). Current status: Valid as Sigmops Gill, 1883. Gonostomatidae. Species Sigmops bathyphilus (Vaillant, in Filhol, 1884) - spark anglemouth [=Neostoma bathyphilum Vaillant [L. L.], in Filhol, 1884:184, Fig. 1, Gonostoma brevidens Kner [R.], in Steindachner & Kner, 1870:443 [23], Cyclothone grandis Collett [R.], 1896:99] Notes: [La Nature, Paris No. 559, 16 Feb. 1884; ref. 1326] Gulf of Gascony. Current status: Valid as Sigmops bathyphilus (Vaillant, 1884). Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal. Habitat: marine. (brevidens) [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 61 (1. Abth.); ref. 4250] Atlantic. Current status: Synonym of Sigmops bathyphilus (Vaillant, 1884). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine. (grandis) [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 21; ref. 14604] West of São Miguel, Azores, northeastern Atlantic, 38°09'N, 25°36'W, depth 4020 meters. Current status: Synonym of Sigmops bathyphilus (Vaillant, 1884). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Sigmops ebelingi (Grey, 1960) - Ebeling's fangjaw [=Gonostoma ebelingi Grey [M.], 1960:109] Notes: [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 122 (no. 2); ref. 19135] Marshall Islands [north-northwest of Bikini Atoll, Western Pacfic Ocean], 12°27'N, 164°30'E to 12°38.8'N, 165°09'E, depth 0-1150 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Sigmops ebelingi (Grey, 1960). Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Pacific: Philippines and Samoa east to Hawaiian Islands and Baja California (Mexico), south to New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

Species Sigmops elongatus (Gunther, 1878) - elongated bristlemouth [=Gonostoma elongatum Günther [A.], 1878:187 [20], Gonostoma polyphos Zugmayer [E.], 1911:4, Cyclothone rhodadenia Gilbert [C. H.], 1905:602, Pl. 71 (fig. 1), Sigmops stigmaticus Gill [T. N.], 1883:256] Notes: [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 5) v. 2 (nos 7/8/9)(art. 2/22/28); ref. 2010] South of New Guinea, Challenger station 191, depth 800 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Sigmops elongatus (Günther, 1878). Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in warm seas (including Mediterranean Sea, Hawaiian Islands). Habitat: marine. (polyphos) [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 193; ref. 6161] Off Portugal, 36°07'N, 10°18'W, station 3036, depth 0-4740 meters; 36°06'N, 9°00'W, station 3039, depth 0-3660 meters. Current status: Synonym of Sigmops elongatus (Günther, 1878). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine. (rhodadenia) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 23 (pt 2) [for 1903]; ref. 1631] Kaiwi Channel, Hawaiian Islands, Albatross station 4108, depth 411-442 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Sigmops elongatus (Günther, 1878). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine. (stigmaticus) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 6 (no. 380); ref. 1724] East of Virginia, U.S.A., 38°19'26"N, 68°20'20"W, Albatross station 2039, depth 2361 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Sigmops elongatus (Günther, 1878). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Sigmops gracilis (Gunther, 1878) - slender fangjaw [=Gonostoma gracile Günther [A.], 1878:187 [20], Gonostoma vitiazi Rass [T. S.], 1950:1041] Notes: [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 5) v. 2 (nos 7/8/9)(art. 2/22/28); ref. 2010] South of Japan, Challenger station 232, 345 fathoms depth, and Challenger station 230, depth 2425 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Sigmops gracilis (Günther, 1878). Gonostomatidae. Distribution: North Pacific: Taiwan to Aleutian Islands, south to Hancock Seamount (Hawaiian Ridge). Habitat: marine. (vitiazi) [Comptes rendus (Doklady) de l'Académie des Sciences de l'URSS. v. 74; ref. 12970] Pacific, 360 miles southeast of Urup Island, Kuril Islands, depth 500-0 meters. Current status: Synonym of Sigmops gracilis (Günther, 1878). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Sigmops longipinnis (Mukhacheva, 1972) - longfinned fangjaw (author) [=Gonostoma longipinnis Mukhacheva [V. A.], 1972:221, Fig. 6] Notes: [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 93; ref. 7632] Southeastern Pacific, 12°59'S, 86°30'W, depth 72-0 meters. Current status: Valid as Sigmops longipinnis (Mukhacheva, 1972). Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Triplophos Brauer, 1902 - bristlemouths [=Triplophos Brauer [A.], 1902:282] Notes: [ref. 631]. Masc. Triplophos elongatus Brauer, 1902. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Triplophos Brauer, 1902 -- (Weitzman 1974:472 [ref. 5174], Ahlstrom et al. 1984:185 [ref. 13643], Schaefer et al. 1986:253 [ref. 5709], Harold 1998:722 [ref. 24431], Harold 1999:1898 [ref. 24741], Harold 2003:883 [ref. 27001]). Current status: Valid as Triplophos Brauer, 1902. Gonostomatidae.

Species Triplophos hemingi (McArdle, 1901) - Heming's bristlemouth (author) [=Photichthys hemingi McArdle [A. F.], 1901:521, Triplophos elongatus Brauer [A.], 1902:282] Notes: [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 8 (no. 48); ref. 14763] South of Sri Lanka, depth 859-880 fathoms, Investigator station 277; Bay of Bengal, depth 475 fathoms, Investigator station 132. Current status: Valid as Triplophos hemingi (McArdle, 1901). Gonostomatidae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan in warm seas. Habitat: marine. (elongatus) [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 25 (no. 668); ref. 631] South of Sri Lanka, Indian Ocean, Valdivia station 217. Current status: Synonym of Triplophos hemingi (McArdle, 1901). Gonostomatidae. Habitat: marine