1927 CONGR.ESSION AL RECORD-SENATE 771

Sunday observance legislation ; to the Committee on the District REPORT OF PERRY'S TIC'IORY MEMORIAL COMYIBSIO~ of Columbia. The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the following 265. Al o, petition signed by Mr. A. P. Johnson and others, of message from the President of the United States, which was Garfield, Wash., protesting against the enactment of compulsory read and referred to the Committee on the Library: Sunday observance legislation; to the Committee on the District To the Oongt·ess of the ·United. States: of Columbia. . 266. Also, petition signed by Mr. H. W. Hanford and others, I transmit herewith for the information of the Congress the of Oakesdale, Wash., protesting against the enactment of com­ Eighth Ann·ual Report of Perry's Victory Memorial Commission pulsory Sunday observance legislation; to the Co~ttee on the for the year ended December 1, 192~. District of Columbia. CALVIN CooLIDGE. THE WHITE HOUSE, Dece-~nber 1"1, 193"1. REPORT OF THE GOVERNOR OF PORTO RICO SENATE The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the following SATURD.AY, DecemlJer 17, 1927 mes....<::age from the President of the United States, which was read, and, with the accompanying reports, referred to the Com­ The Chaplain, Rev. Z!=l.Barney T. Phillip", D. D., offered the mittee on Territories and Insular Possessions and ordered to following prayer: be printed: lie hath sho'UJ-ed. tltee, 0 man., "'dwt i.s good.; and, tcJuz,t doth To the Ccmgress of the U1tited. States: the Lord. req_ttire of thoo lm.t to do justly 0/JW to looo menYJI As required by section 12 of the act of Congress of March and to walk ltumbZy w£th, th.y God.. 2, 1917, entitled "An act to provide a civil government for Almighty and everlasting God, who art always more ready to Porto Rico, and for .other purposes," I transmit herewith, for hear than we to pray, and art wont to give more than either the information of the Congress, the Twenty-seventh Annual we desire or deserve, grant to_ us, ').'hy children, such a con­ Report of the Governor of Porto Rico, including the reports of sciousness of Thy indwelling presence as may give us utter the heads -of the several departments of the government of confidence in Thee. In all our doubts and perplexities may we Porto Rico and that of the auditor for the fiscal year ended throw ourselves upon Thy besetting care, that knowing our­ June 30, 1927. c selves fenced about by Thy loving omnipotence we may serve I recommend that the report of the GoYernor of Porto Rico, Thee always with singleness of heart. Through Jesus Christ without appendixes, be printed as a congressional document. our Lord. Amen. CALVIN COOLIDGE. The Chief Clerk proceeded to read the Journal of the pro­ THE WHITE HousE, December 1"1,- 192"1. ceedings of Thur day last, when, on the request of Mr. CuRTIS and by unanimous consent, the further reading was dispen ed COMPE..~SATION TO THE RELATIVES OF EDWIN TUCKER (S. DOC. NO. 20) with and the Journal was approved. The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the_following message from the President of the United States, which was MESSAGE ~ROM '1':S:E HOUSE read, and, with the a,ccompanying papers, referred to the Com­ A message from the Hou e of Representatives, by Mr. Chaffee, mittee on Foreign Relations and ordered to be printed: one of its clerks, announced that the House had agreed to the To the Congress of the United. States: report of the committee of conference on the disagreeing votes I transmit herewith a report from the Secretary of State, of-the two Houses on the amendments of the Senate to the bill concerning a claim against the United States, presented by the (H. R. 5800) making appropriations for the fiscal year endmg Government' of Great Britain for compensation ·to the relatives June 30, 1928, and prior fiscal years, to proVide supplemental of )ndwin ·Tucker, a British subject who ' was killed by a appropriations for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1928, and for United States Army ambulance in Colon; Panama, on ·or about other purposes ; had receded from its disagreement to the amend­ December 6, 1924. The report requests that the recommenda­ ments of the Senate Nos. 23, 33, and 34, and agreed to the tion as indicated therein be adopted and that the Congress same; that it had receded from its disagreement to the amend­ authorize the appropriation of the sum ·neces ary to compen- ment of the Senate No. 32 and- agreed to the same with an sate the claimants in this case. · amendment, in which it requested the concurrence of the Sen­ I recommend that in order to effect a settlement of the claim ate, and that it further insisted upon its disagreement to the in accordance with the recommendation of the Secretary of amendments of the Senate Nos. 19, 36, and 31 to the said bill. State the Congress, as an act · of grace and without reference The message also announced that the House had passed a bill to the lega! liability of the United States in the premises, (H. R. 1) to reduce and equalize taxation, provide revenue, and authorize an appropriation of $2,500. · for other purposes, in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate. CALVIN CooLIDGE. THE WHITE HOUSE. December 11, 1921. CALL OF THE ROLL Mr. CURTIS. Mr. President, I suggest the absence of a CLAIM 0~ - ACCOUNT OF DEATH OF SA:llUEL RICHARDSON (S. DOC. quorum. NO. 21) The VICE PRESIDENT. The cle1·k will call the ro\1. The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the following The legislative clerk called the roll, and the following Senators message from the President of th_e united States, which was answered to their names : read, and, with the accompanying papers, referred to the Com­ Ashurst Fess King Schall mittee on Foreign Relations and ordered to be printed. Barkley Fletcher La Follette Sheppard Bayard Frazier McKellar Sbipstead To the Oongress of the United Sta-tes: Bingham George McMa ter Shortridge I transmit .herewith a report by the Secretary of State re­ Black Gerry Mcl\ary Simmons Blaine Gillett Mayfield Smoot questing the submission anew to the pre ent -congress of the Blease Glass Metcalf Steck matter of a claim against the United States presented by the Borah Goff Moses Steiwer British Government for the death on November 1, 1921, at Con­ Bratton Gould Neely Stephens Brookhart Greene Norbeck Swanson suelo, Dominican Republic, of Samuel Richardson, a British Broussard Hale Kye Thomas subject, as a result of a bullet wound inflicted presumably by Bruce Harris Oddie Trammell a member or members of the lJnited States Marine Corps, which Capper Harrison 0\·erman Tydings Caraway Hawes l'iue Tyson formed the subject of a report made by the Secretary of State Copeland Hayden Pittman Walsh, MasR. to me on April 3, 192G, and my message to the Congress dated Couzens Heflin Ransdell Walsh, Mont. Aptil 5, 1926, which comprise Senate Document No. 92, Sixty­ Curtis Howell Reed, 1\lo. Warren Deneen Johnson Reethe Washington Post of ycstenlay, the 16th · leine as the result of a collision between it and the U. S. S. K encood, which at the time of the collision was being operated instant, and I am informed that it was written by Mr. Ira W. b:r the War Department, and I recommend that an appropliation Bennett. I commend these two editorials to every Member of be authorized to effect a settlement of this claim in accordance the Senate. They are real gems. with the recommendation of the Secretary of State. The VICE PRESIDENT. Without objection, it is so ordered. CALVIN CooLIDGE. The speech and editorials ru·e as follows: ~' HE " ... BITE HousE, December 17, 1921. SPEECH OF HO~. FREDERIC M. SACKETT, U~ITED ST AT ES SE~ATOR FROll CLAIM BY THE CHI .ESE GOVERXMENT RELATIVE TO MR. SUN JUI­ KEXTUCKY CHIN (S. DOC. NO. 23) The results of the Mississippi flood of 1927 give clear indication The YICE llflESIDENT laid before the Senate the following that the whole system of flood control in that valley has broken down, to the extent that a new and much more effective plan must be me~ s a ge from the President of the United States, which was read, and, with accompanying papers, referred to the Committee evolved before safety can be assured to the vast tenitory that lies on l'oreign Relations and ordered to be printed : betwt>en the Ohio River and the sea. That great valley is one of the most valuable portions of the United To tll.e Congress of the United, States: States. It is wonderfully fertile. It grows the long staple cotton. I transmit herewith a report by the Secretary of State re­ It has yielded to the call for diversification of crops in the South and ~ p ec ting a claim against the United States presented by the is producing a wide variety of agricultural products. · Chine~e Government for compensation arising out of an assault Within the last few years the Mississippi Valley has been recognized in Uhina on Mr. Sun Jui-chin on June 11, 1923, by a pri'\"ate in as preeminently adapted by climate, transportation facilities, and labor t11e l\Iarinc Cor~ · , a member of the legation guard, with a re­ conditions for industrial expansion. Its industries are growing rapidly, qne t tltat the l'ecommendation of the Secretary of State, as and capital of all sections is seeking industrial investment throughout indicated therein, be adopted and that the Congress authorize the South. The new factory building now evident in the valley i the, appropriation of the sum necessary to pay the indemnity. the most important development in America to-day. I recommend that, in order to effect a settlement of this claim 1t is of tremenclous moment to the country that adequate pt·otection in accordance with the recommendation of the Secretary of from almost yearly inundation be provided in o1·der that this vaiualJle 1927 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-·SENATE 773

seetion shall be preserved. Its money 1·esources have b~n called upon tion of tbat situatfoB hom the normal flood problems arising in the for more than a hundred years, until financially ·its limit of loeal eountry at large. Some degree of differentiation becomes apparent ability has been reached. when- it is recognized that the Mi&-siBsippi fJood of 1927 constituted the The ncommendation o! the GoTernment engineers was laid before greatest disaster affecting life and property in the whole history of the Congress on De~ember "l. the Nation. The ramifications of that disaster financially were more It is not my purpose to discuss with you to-day the kind of a plan widespread than any actual loss of prvperty that America has suffered. of flood control that should be adopted by tb~ CongYess but to present The pe()ple of the valley feel that such differentiation exists in the arguments which may appeal to a thinking public. as r~sons why the problem here presented as to permit such a criterion to be established flood-control work of the Mississippi Valley should be a national proj­ for exclusive Federal expenditure as will protect the Treasury and at ect-designed, const ructed, and paid for by the National Government. the same time enable the Government to afford adequate protection: If you had stood in the broad valley of tile Mississippi in April. and The Mississippi forms the boundary of many ·states, and in that! May of the current year and had seen the raging water, descending particular it is differentiated from any intrastate stream. Levees through the main funnel of the riv-er, eat:illg its way through the pro­ have been built and m:aintained largely with local funds. On the main tecting dikes that line its banks, you would more readily appreeiat~ river alone $170,000,000 have been expended from local sources. The the tremendous task that lies before the Nation in providing a pro­ levee system there constructed at local cost would be sufficient to pro­ tection against tbe death and destruction that year after year have tect the territory · if the same methods were effective as are required foJ~owed in the wake o:t the recurrent floods. Can you picture the to confine· the flood waters of every other drainage system within the danger point of threatened levee; the intensive, desperate work of all country. However, the complete failure of the levee system so pro­ bands to strengthen the dikes; the failure of brawn and brain in this vided is due in no sense to the waters of the territory afi'ected but to titanic struggle; the first break in the dike; the widening crevasse as the run-off of the rainfall of the 31 States of the drainage area, and the water plows its way through the levee, flooding the countryside; requires the adoption of a new protective plan. the destruction of homes· and fields; the drowning of livestock; the The report of the Army Engineers, formulated under the direc­ desperate people clinging to the higher piaces as yet unsubmerged; tion of the .Federal Government during the past several months, indi­ the rescues just ahead of the rising waters ; the despondency of the cates a cost of the executioB of these plans that is unfair to the already ruined ; the utter hopelessness that follows the subsiding flood? depleted finances of the people of the valley. The characteristics of the That is th~ vivid story that was told as the mighty flood left its plan call for a kind of fiood protection that is different in. form from trail of desolation in the valley of tb~ Mississippi. Eighteen thousand that which it is necessary to use in any other overflowed areas in square miles of land suffered from this destruction in 1927. The eco­ the United States. The need of the new plan is due to confining the nomic loss upon the country will run to $400,000,000. It represents flood waters by the levees of the entire length of the stream and a national disaster that affects every section. No such money lffi!s can the consequent congestion in the lower stretches of the river. They fall upon this country- but what its ramifications inust be felt in every find that there can be no adequate protection to the menaced ter­ city of the land. In financial eost the present ineffective control of ritory save by drawiDg off the accumulated flood wat~rs through the Mississippi floods involved an economic disaster that is national in newly constructed parallel channels. Such a plan means the· adoption scope. In the rapidly growing evolution of the valley into industrial of a spillway and by-pass system for withdrawing from· the lower communities there resulted a destruction of capital that is felt in every stretches of the river a large part of the accumulated wateri! rushing avenue of trade. Such a · national loss is indicative of a national down -from the higher reaches. The building of such parallel chan­ responsibility for prevention. nels interconnecting with the now existing rivers estimates an ex­ The early settlers of the valley began in their own llmited . way a penditure of $300,000,00{). It will require a period of years to com­ local method of protectin-g their immediate neighborhoods through the plete, and -a positively operating plan of construction. No system of building of dikes to keep out the waters in time of flood. These efforts, voluntary assoctations, sueh as the present levee boards that have puny in comparison with the force of the river in its turbulent state, functioned for building the levees heretofore, can be contemplated in grew and gradually a ssumed the form of heavy levees constructed along creating snell a eomplicated system of spillway outlets. The actual each side ·of the river, confining the waters as nearly as practicable cost ·- which the adoption of such a plan makes necessary for the into a main channel. Every levee so built reclaimed large sections adequate protection from the Mississippi floods staggers the imagina­ of cverflow land. In so doing it destroyed a natural reservoir that tion of the people who have heretofore exhausted their strength and had previously served to flatten the volume of the water in time of treas11re in the building of the levee system as it now exists. flood and relieve the main channel of the necessity of discharging It falls upon the lower sections of the river through no fault of excessive quantities. These overflow lands served in a sense as safety their own. It is due to waters which do not originate with them and valves against the onrushing waters of the flood. As these overflow serves again to differentiate the problem of the Mississippi from th~ areas were eliminated by protective dikes, the congestion of flood wate:rs normal problems of flood control which face the other sections of the in the lower reaches of the river was augmented. It became necessary country. It furnishes a criterion to determine the national aspect of to build new levees higher and stronger to maintain protection of the the flood-control project. Other drainage districts, after having C{)D­ lower section. The cost of this levee protection became greater year tributed to their own protection as have the people of the Mississippi after year and it was early recognized that there mmt be a continuing Valley, would be justified in requiring flood protection at the expense charge for levee maintenance upon the lands rwaimed and protected of the National Government wherever the· situation demanded a new from the danger of the flood. In recent years the cost of this protec­ . system of improved works of a relief character because of burdens tion mounted to such heights and became so impossible a burden that placed upon them from regions more remote. Such differentiation the Federal Government, in a sense of fairness; became a large con­ serves to protect the Federal Treasury agai.Dst unjustified calls for tributor to the general funds of flood protection in the valley. flood protection. Federal expenditure for this purpose is analogous to The finances locally provided for flood protection took the form of that approved for sea-coast harbors and those other internal improve­ voluntary levee district charges and were supposed to be distributed ments which have ever be.en held to be the portion of the Federal according to the benefits to be received. As the organization of each . Government under the general welfare clause. The vaHey has been levee district was voluntary, no complete system of flood control could saved through the financial resources of its own people, voluntarily be compelled. Such control as resulted from the organization of. these supplied, up to a point where the growing needs of the country as a levee boards became only as strong as the weakest link in this volun­ whole require a new undertaking which would place a burden upon it tary. protective chain. The collapse of "protection by levees only" beyond any benefits to be received in increased' values. in the 1927 flood through the 17 crevasses .that relieved the pressure The engineers' plan will disclose an estimated cost to the Nation of the river, resulted in immdation by flood water for more than 50 of some thirty millions a year spread over a period of 10 years. It miles on either side of the river. Is brings poignantly before the will show the need of repairing the crevasses of the present works Congress the need of an adequate system of flood control for the and their careful maintenance for the best protection they can afford Mississippi. until the new work can be completed. These figures should readily In any democracy the subject of flood control and the part which relieve the people of the United States of any legitimate fear of any the Federal Government is to play in such control must be applicable raid upon the National Treasury. We must find the way to accomplish to all sections of the country. The enormous expense which would be protection to the vaTiey which will protect. If contributions to these placed upon the Federal Treasnry were the Government to take over new works is required of the States and communities of the lower the whole expenditure of protection from floods in all parts of the valley, who have already done their full · part, it will seriously delay, country gives pause to the generous impulses of the people, even when if not foreclose, their construction. The Federal Government can well involving the saving of life and property. The President in his mes­ afford the price. By paying that price a national benefit is bought. sage transmUting the engineer's report sounds such a warning. The The Federal Treasury is protected since no other drainage system can vastness of the damage, the danger to life, and the effect upon the present to Congress similar characteristics that will warrant exclusive economic wel·fare of the Nation of so great a disaster as the flood of national aid. The country will be relieved not only of a great menace 1927, calls for every reasonable effort within the power of the Gov- to American progress but of a drain upon the charitable impulses of .. ernment. To jnstify the exclusive application of Federal funds to the private citizens who are under constant call to relieve suffering and problem of the Mississippi Valley requires some reasonable difl'erentia- loss through the wonderful organization of the Red Cross. Under 774 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN ATE DEOEl\IBER 17 such circumstances there seems to be indicated such a reversion from protection. The millions that are generously forthcoming whenever local to national needs in the valley of the Mississippi as to justify disaster occurs will be spent again and again with utterly futile results exclusive Federal expenditure to secure this new protection for the if the Mississippi is not placed under control. The people can not be whole country's good. moved away. They can not ward olf the floods. They are at the mercy of two powers-the river and the national authority which can THE PRESIDE~TIA.L MESSAGE BLUNDERS ON FLOOD COXTROL overpower the river. [From the Baltim()re Manufacturers Record, December 15, 1927] If any project of a purely national character was ever presented to Congress it Is the project for control of the Mississippi River. When President Coolidge, in his message to Congress, took the posi­ Th~ entire cost of this work should be borne by the Treasury. The people tion that because the land of the Mississippi Valley would be benefited by inhabiting the flood regions should pay no more and no fewer taxes protection from floods, it must therefore bear a special assessment to than are paid by the inhabitants of Maine or California to defray the pay for such reclamation, he revealed the fact that in spite of his un­ cost of this national work. matched opportunity for viewing the situation as a whole and studying When the flood-control legislation is enacted it should provide for it in a broad and comprehensive fashion, he is nevertheless peeping at exclusive jurisdiction over the undertaking by the United States. The it through a knothole. His thoughtless use of the word "reclamation " States aJiected by floods should have no voice in this enterprise, except alone reveals a woeful failure to grasp the essentials of the problem, a to contribute what they can from their slender resources. They should failure that could hardly have persisted had he once visited the fiooded not be permitted to influence the location, size, cost, or arrangement area. We speak of reclaiming land that has not yet been put to use­ of any levees, spillways, by-passes, or other devices included in the swamps or deserts. We do not speak of reclaiming long cultivated and national plan. As the work is a national duty, the authority over the highly developed farming sections, cities, factories, and the intricate work should rest in the Government exclusively. and costly networks of highways, railways, telegraph, telephone, and electric power lines necessary to serve such farm and urban com­ .ARMISTICE DAY A NATIONAL HOLIDAY munities. Mr. MAYFIELD. Mr. President, through an error Senate To think of reclamation is to think of barren lands or swamps that Joint Resolution No. 25 was referred to the Committee on the may some day be made productive. That section which Mr. Coolidge Judiciary. I ask that tl1at committee be discharged from the speaks of is already producing farm and factory products worth half a further consideration of the joint resolution, and that the joint billion dollars annually. Such a sectio11 does not need reclamation. It resolution may lie on the table. needs protection. The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection? But this misuse of a word would not be worthy of editorial comment Mr. MOSES. l\Ir. President, what is the nature of the joint if it did not indicate the attitude tilat is responsible for a grievous re olution, may I ask the Senator from Texas? blunder in policy. In the same paragraph the President said that the Mr. MAYFIELD. It is a joint reS'Olution declaring Novem­ land to be protected must be assessed for a special share of the cost of ber 11, armistice day, to be a legal holiday. protection. But the land is only a small part of all that is to be pro­ The VICE PRESIDENT. Without objection, the request of tected. There are several thousan(} miles of highways, and a similar the Senator from Texas will be agreed to. mileage of railways. Millions of dollars are invested in them. There PETITIONS AND MEMOP.I.A.LS are the telephone, telegraph, and electric power lines. There are fac­ tories. The ownership of these things is not local; it iB national. 1\Ir. WALSH of Massachusetts. Mr. President, I present reso­ Every man, woman, and child, who has a dollar invested in the secur­ lutions adopted by the Atlantic Deeper Waterways Association ities of the nation-wide telephone or telegraph companies, in one of at its recent annual meeting in the city of Baltimore. I ask the power companies serving the district, in one of the great railroad that they be printed in the REconn, treated as petitions, and systems traversing the valley, or in one of the factories located there, referred to the Committee on Commerce. is interested in protection in exactly the same fashion as a man whose There being no objection, the resolutions were referred to property interest happens to be in farm land or city lots. We can not the Committee on Commerce and ordered to be printed in the protect the railways and leave the lanll exposed. We can not protect RECORD, as follows : the land and leave these other forms of property exposed. Is it, then, RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED BY THE ATLANTIC DEEPER WATERWAYS ASSOCIA­ just or reasonable to require the farmers who live on the land in the TION AT ITS TWENTIETH ANNUAL MEETING IN THE CITY OF BALTIMORE seven affected States to pay a special assessment on their particular MD., SEPTEMBER 9-15, 1927 form of property, while exempting the owners of the other forms of The Atlantic Deeper Waterways Association convened in its twentieth property who live in the other 41 States? annual session in the city of Baltimore, Md., with delegates in attend­ The President's proposition leads directly to a reductio ad absurdum. ance from every State along the Atlantic seaboard, respectfully submits The question answers itself. All of them will be taxed, directly or the following statement of its purposes and policies and also certain indirectly, to provide the Federal funds. Discrimination between resolutions : classes of property owners would be as unnecessary as it would be un­ just. Furthermore, it would be a flat contradiction of the President's STATEMENT earlier utterances on the same subject. The problem of the great river's This as:,;ociation takes pride in its achievements. Its announced control, he said last spring, is national. The flood he called a national purpose at its organization in 1907 was to secure the construction of an disaster, and he declared it must never occur again. Now he has intracoastal waterway from Maine to Florida. Physical conditions backed down from this position and declared it is only partly national. divide this waterway into several links or sections. Through its mani­ His present proposition is unsound. It can not stand. fold activities several of these links have either been adopted by Con­ gress or their construction has been completed. From north to south the purchase of the Cape Cod Canal has been authorized and it only LET 'IHE NATION PAY awaits an appropriation; the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal has been (From the Washington Post, December 16, 1927] completed to the project depth of 12 feet; the Norfolk-Beaufort water­ The financial features of the flood-control plan prepared by the Army way bas been authorized and is still under construction; the waterway engineers, and now awaiting action by Congress, are not acceptable to from Beaufort to Cape Fear River has been authorized and awaits con­ the States that have suffered inundations. It is proposed that they struction; another survey has been authorized !or the link from the shall pay a large proportion of the cost of flood control. They give Cape Fear River to Georgetown, S. C.; the series of natural waterways notice that they are not able to bear the burden. from Georgetown to ;Jacksonville are under improvement and mainte­ The Mississippi River will never be put under control if the feeble nance; and, finally, the Florida East Coast Canal bas been authorized resources of the flood States are called upon to finance the work. with a project depth o! 8 feet. These achievements are momentous Those States are suffering enormous and almost fatal losses already. in their results, and their importance can only be realized by a more They have paid out millions in ineffectual efforts to control the river. careful study. Substantially the most important link still 1·emains Their people are paying taxes for work that has long ago been swept unauthorized, and that is the waterway across New ;Jersey, to which away. Now, it is proposed that these same people shall vote crushing reference will be hereinafter made. taxes upon themselves in assisting the United States Government to At the last meeting of this association in Richmond the following perform a purely national ta!k. declaration was adopted : It is not fair to the flood Stutes to demand that they should pay "This association has combined utility with its service. It has more than any other States. The control of the Mississippi is a prob­ realized that channels are intended for navigation and the promotion lem of national defense not against a foreign enemy but against a still of commerce. It bas encouraged the construction and operation of more dangerous and powerful enemy-nature itself. The elements adequate boat lines. It has emphasized the necessity of water termi­ that have defied man's control must be mastered if the Mississippi is nals. It has recognized thnt transportation by water constitutes only to be kept in its channel. Only the Nation can achie'\'c that mastery. one instrumentality of commerce and has insisted that boat lines must Flood control is not a question of reclaiming lands that have been be coordinated with the railroads and tbe bigbwa.rs. It took note o! (l.amaged or which may be submerged. It is a question of protecting the fact that our great system of transportation by railways was American life, which will surely perish unless the United State-s extends predicated upon a free interchange of traffic between different railroads 1927 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 775 on a through bill of Jading and with fixed joint and proportional rates. PORT RABITA~ DISTRICT COMIIIISSIO:-< AND THE SOUTH .TERSEY PORT This association ha urged that carriers by water should be made an DISTRICT integral part of this system, to the end that they should be made an We have observed with interest the creation by the Legislature of equal factor in tbe distribution of products by water and ran under New Jersey of the Port Raritan district commission, upon which similar joint and proportional rates. Under the leadership of this jurisdiction bas been conferred to promote the improvement of the association much progress has been made in the enactment of legislation Raritan, South, and Woodbridge Rivers and the .Arthur Kill, and also proviQ.ing for tile coordination of rail and water carriers." the construction of appropriate terminal facilities. '!'he activities of After due consideration the above declaration is hereby approved this commission augur well for the future, and we extend our good and reaffirmed. wishes and promise of cooperation. The route of the intracoastal waterway, which may be termed the It is also gratifying to note that the Legislature of New Jersey lias trunk line, and its feeders and tributaries in the way of rivers, bays, created the South Jet·sey port district, upon which jurisdiction has and inlets to the ocean, are so varied as to demand specific attention been conferred to promote channels and terminals on the Delaware by this association. River, including the terminus of the proposed New Jersey canal and the CAPE COD CANAL city of Camden. Under the jurisdiction of this port district, the city of Congress, in the last river and harbor bill, approved January 21, Camden is now considering the construction of a modern terminal on its 1927, authorized the purchase of this privately owned canal and un­ Delaware River front. The personnel of this port district is gratifying, doubtedly at the coming session will make the appropriation therefor. and we believe they will be able to report substantial results during Tbi marks the consummation of years of etrort by this association. the coming ·:rear. We congratulate New England and the country. CHESAPEAKE BAY-DELAWARE RIVER SECTIOS OF THE INTRACOASTAL :NEW ENGLA1111> RIVERS A..""D CANALS WATERWAY _-ew England has b~n richly endowed with navigable rivers and The improved waterway connecting the Delaware River with the spacious harbors. We again recommend for consideration the exten- head of Chesapeake Bay is now a reality. With a mean depth of 12 ion northward of tbe intracoastal waterway from Boston Harbor to feet , with ample width, with its conversion into a sea-level canal, and a suitable point on the coast of Maine, the importance of which will be with all modern improvements, it represents in its completion a most appreciated with ruther study. Such extension would augment oppor­ valuable contribution to interior navigation and commerce. Its com­ tunities for enlarged commerce on the Merrimac, Kennebec, and othec pletion was fittingly celebrated by this association, and it may be rivers. The Taunton River serves a great industrial section, and we truthfully classed as one of the monumental achievements of this recommend its further improvement as an important artery of interior association. But it is clear to those who have taken advantage of the communication. The Connecticut River well deserves further improve­ new waterway that a larger channel must be provided. The big task ment, both. for navigation and the development of water-power. was to convert an inadequate lock canal into a sea-level waterway. • XEKON"K OR PAWTUCKE'l' RIVI!R, R, I. That was achieved. Commerce is responding to facilities offered by the Local interest· are seeking the further improvement of Seekonk or the new utility. Larger boats are being employed to traverse Pawtucket River to the city of Pawtucket, with the view of procuring waterway. .A. 12-foot depth will not meet the future requirements of. greater depth and width and easier bends in the channel. We recom­ commerce or of war. We urgently recommend that Congress authorize mend this work to the favorable consideration of the Army Engineers. an immediate survey for a 25-foot channel, depth and Width to correspond. :>e 51rogressing and in a few years the route recommended by the engi­ been gratified at the progress made in providing for adequate channels neers will be open to navigation. In the meantime a depth of 12 feet at the port of Miami. We recommend the improvement and mainte­ iB available through the open waters of the Albemarle and Pamlico naace of the many important l'ivers of Florida penetrating the interior. 1927 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN~~TE 777 We baye oo ernd with lncrea ing lntex:est the activities of tl'.te Gulf­ agent.s in the :flooded counties, which was referred to the Com­ Okeechobee-Atlantic.. Wataway Association, and have faith in the ulti­ mittee on A.griculture and Forestry. mate accomplisilment of its purposes. Mr. CAPPER presented a resolution adopted by the printing FLOOD CO~TllOL AND THill YISSISSIPPI VALLEY industry of Wichita, Kans., favoring-the enactment of legisla­ Tlle members of tile Atlantic Deeper Waterways Association have tion restoring the 1924 basis of postal rates, which was referred keenly felt tile suffering and tremendous losses which have been to the Committee ori Post Offices and Post Roads. brought about in flaod regions of the Mississippi River and its tribu­ lfr: LA. FOLLETTE presented memorials numerously signed taries. To those who have uffered in one way or anather we would by citizens of the State of Wi~consin, remonstrating against the extend our deepest sympathy. In view of the fact that the Mississippi enactment of legislation providing ·for compulsory Sunday ob­ River and it tributaries, stretching from the Rocky Mountains to the servance in the District of Columbia, which were referred to the Alleghenies, and from the Lakes to the Gulf, drain more than one-third Committee. on the 'District of Columbia. of the total area of the United States, or 1,200,000 square miles, and Alr. DENEEN presented a petition numerously signed by citi­ these rivers are under the control of the Federal Government, we zens of Cbic-ago, ill., and Toledo, Ohio, favoring a prompt and would express the hope that the Government will promptly come to favo1·able response by the United· States to proposals of "l\f. the x·escue of those who have su.fl'ered, actively cooperate in the Briand for the settlement of international disputes by the use of rehabilitation of tlle overflowed districts and begin as promptly as peaceful methOds, which was referred to the Committee on possible a campaign for safeguarding the Mississippi Valley forever Foreign Relations.. from ueh a disaster as that of the present year. We recognize the He also presented memorials numerously signed by citizens fact that thi.s will involve the safeguarding of all of its tributaries from of White Hall and vicinity, tn the State of illinois; remonstrat­ damagin.t; o;erfl.ows. Every disaster from these floods, whether it be ing against the enactment of legislation providing for compul:. on the Ohio, the Tennessee, the Red River, the Mississippi, or any of sory Sunday obsenance in the District of Columbia, which were tile tributaries of the Mis is' ippi, is a disaster to the entire country. referred to the Committee on the District of Columbia. 'Ihe protection of all of the country tributary to these rivers is a ~lr. BLAINE presented petitions of stmdl'Y citizens of La problem for the Federal Government, ·and the entire country must Crosse and of .Adams Counties, all in the State of Wisconsin u.nite whole-h~artedly in ~his great caiD{>aign~ · praying for the passage of legislation granting increased pen: sions to Civil ·War >eterans and their widows, which were re­ WATER 'tERMINALS ferred to the Committee on Pensions. Thi association bas emphasized in previous years the essential 1m· He also presented the following joint resolution of the Legis­ portance of water terminals for the proper utilization of waterways lature of the· State of Wisconsin, which was referred to the and harbors. This proposition Is . now understood by the country, as Committee on Foreign Relations: · illustrated by the number of water terminals which are under con­ Joint resolution relating to the outlawry of war struction or have been completed. , At this time we simply reaffirm our Whereas war between nations under existing international law is a declaration of their lli!Cessity and recommend to all towns and cities lawful institution, and any nation, with or without cause, may declare t;he importance of constructing terminals witll a view to utilizing im­ war against any oth{.'r nation ; and proxed cilannel.s and promoting water-borne commerce, and also as an es 'entia! for interconnection between the railways and the waterways. · Whe'reas war is fue greatest existing menace to society, and the next great war is almost certain to be more terdble than any previous war C0~3ECTIXG TOW~S A.SD SHIPPIXG POINTS WITH THE MAIN LINE OF THE and is likely to engulf and destroy civilization: ~ow therefore be It I~TBACOASTAL WATERWAY Resolvea 1i1J the senate (the assembly con(}urrin.g), That war between Tllere are towns and shipping points located in each State inter­ nations should be outlawed as an institution or means for the settlement sected by the intracoastal waterway which are more or less distant of internation·al controversies by making it a public crime in intern.a;. from the main channel of this waterway. These towns and shipping tional law, ·and· that every nation should be encouraged by solemn points sbould be physically connected by an adequate channel leading agreement or treaty to bind itself to indict and punish its own inter­ to this waterway. We recommend that all such towns and shipping national war breeders or instigators and war profiteers under powers points be provided with adequate channels, preferably of the standard similar to tllose conferred upon our Congress under Article I, section 8, depth of 12' 'feet, leading. to the main channel of the intracoastal of our Federal Constitution, which clothe the Congress with the power waterway, to define and punish o1I~s against the law of nations; and be it AIDS TO NAVIGATIO~ further Colll1llendable progress has been made by the Departtnent of Com­ Resolved, That the President ot tile 'ITnited. States and Congress be, and mei·ce in establishing" the necessary aids to navigation. Wherever are hereby, memorialized to take the n~sary steps to make this coun­ these are lacking we urge upon localities the importance of properly try the leader in the movement for the outlawry of war through agree­ marking all improved channels. ments with other nations and through lcgiBlation curbing all instigators

OBS.TI!.'GCTIONS TO NAVIGATIO~ of war and war profiteers ; and be it further 'llle proposition that the navigation of channels ·hould not be Resol1:ed, That a copy ·of this resoltrtion, properly attested, be sent to impeded by obstructions, except 'Where absolutely essential, is obvious. the Pt·esid€nt ·of the L'nited States, to the presiding officer of each House Tile accelerated movement in recent years in the construdion of im­ of Congre s, and to each Wiscon In )fember thereof. proved highways and the increasing use of automobiles and trucks, HENRY A. H GBEB, typifies an important innovation in tnnsportation. This has aug­ P1·esident of the Se-nate. mented, in large degree, tbe demands for bridges across navigable . 0. G. MUNSON, waters, and has proceeded to such an extent as to seriously obstruct O"hief Clerk of the Senate. navigation. We realize that bl"idges for railroads and for connecting JOHN W. EBEB, higilways are sometimes so essential as to justify their construction, Speaker of the Assen~bly. but the present movement indicates that we are proceeding far beyond c. E. SHAFFEll, the limits of prudence and necessity. We urge upon the people of the Chief Clerk of the As8embly. country tbe importance of un<>bstructed navigation upon our navigable Mr. BLAI:r..,"-E also presented the following joint resolution of waters. As tlle country grows in industry and distribution, we will the Legislature of the State of Wisconsin, which was referred find increasing need for our rivers. This heedless demand for addi­ to the Committee on Indian Affairs : tional bridges should be checked to the end that these natural high­ Joint resolu!ion relating to the Menominee Indi~n Reservation ways may remain as an unimpaired heritage for the future. Wilereas the Fed~ral Government has indicated its intention to POLL U'.fiO~ OF WATERS allow a survey of the potential water power of the Wolf River in the It is gratifying to note the success of the movement seeking to Menominee Indian neservation to be made by private interests; and prevent the unnecessary pollution of our waters. Public sentiment has Whereas publisiled news reports from Washington City carry the secured both Federal and State legislation. We recommend continued story that Indian Commissioner Burke "a~ s umed a bullying attitude activity in this respect. toward Indian witnesses" at the hearing recently held; and . Mr. WARREN presented a resolution adopted by the Cham­ Whereas it is tilought that this proposed damming of the Wolf River ber of Commerce of Powell, Wyo., protesting against any amend­ may destrl}y one of the last spots of natural beauty in Wisconsin, and ment of the immigration act for the purpose of further restrict­ may also incx·e-ase the flood danger to a I'egion already sorely harassed ing the- immigration o:t citizens of l\lexico, which was referred by periodical inundation; and to the Comlliittee on Immigration. Whereas Wiscon. in has no national park, with the exception of the }lr. ROBINSON of Arkansas preRented a. resolution adopted Winnesheik Bottomo:;, which is a game refuge ; and by the quorum or levying court of Chicot County, Ark., favor­ Whereas the last extensive stand of virgin timber in Wisconsin is ing the enactment of legislation to replace the bridges desb:oyed located on the :Menominee Reservation and is rapiUly being cut olf by by tile recent floods in Arkan::;as and to appoint emergency tbe Government and private interests: Xow there1'ore be it 778 CONGR.ESSION .A.L RECORD-SEN.A.TE DECE::\IBER 17

Resol-r.'ed by -t11e asse-mbly (the 3t>nate concw'ting), That the Federal Resolt·ed, That a copy of this resolution duly attested by the proper Indian Bureau be, and is hereby, requested to refrain from finally officers of the assembly and senate be transmitted to the presiding officers leasing the power site to private interests until Congress has convened of each House of <;ongl'ess. and until after a full, fair, and properly announced hearing or hearings IIE::mY A. HeBER, have been conducted ; be it further Pre8ide1rt of the Senate. ReiSolt•eit, That Wisconsin's Representatives in the Congress of the 0. G. MU:XSON, United States be requested to investigate the feasibility of making a C1Jief Clerk of the Senate. national park of the river and timber tract on the said Menominee JOHX W, EBER, Indian Reservation so that its natural beauty will be saved for future Speaka of the Assembly. generations, and that these representatives make every elfort possible C. E. SHA:FFEn, to carry this plan to fruition should they deem it practicable and Ohief Clet·k of the A.asem'bly. n ece ary in order to save the reservation from spoliation; be it further r~olutions Resohed, That Wisconsin's repre~entatives be requested to use every 1\Ir. BLAIKE also presented the following joint o! effort to protect the interests of the Indians with regard to the pro­ the Legi..:·Iature of the State of Wisconsin, which were refetTed posed damming of the Wolf River and the leasing of the power site to to the Committee on Commerce: - private interests; be it further Joint resolution relating to the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence waterway R es olved, That a copy of this resolution, suitably attested by the project pt·esiding .officers of the senate und ussembly, be transmitted to the Whl' rens the pt·osperity of Wisconsin, as well as the whole of the President of tile United States, to the Secretary of the Interior, to the United States, is in large measure dependent upon lower rates of trans­ Commissioner of Indian Atl'uirs, and to the Senators and Representa- portation on agricultural and manufactured products to markets in ti¥es from Wisconsin, Eastern States and foreign countries; and HE~RY A. HUBER, Whereas it is possible to secure such lower rates of transportation President of tl!e Senate. through the completion of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence waterway 0. G. MUXSON, project, which would enable ocean-going vessels to enter the Great Ol•ief Ol.erk of the 8enat6. Lakes; and JOHN W. Em::R, Whereas this project has been repeatedly pronounced by qualiiieHerbert Hoover, Secretary of Commerce : ~Ir. BL...UNE also presented the following joint resolutions Therefore be it of the Legislature of the State of Wisconsin, which were · Resolved by the assembly (the setwte COIWUt-ring), That we hereby I'e­ referred to the Committee on the Judiciary: spectfully urge the Congress of the United States to take immediate Joint resolution memorializing Congress to provide for earlier seating action to make possible the early completion of the Great Lake -St, of Senators and Representatives elect Lawrence waterway project; and be it further Whereas Members of Congress are elected in November of even­ Resolved, That copies of this resolution, properly signed by the pre­ numbered years, but under the present Constitution of the United States siding officers of both houses .and attested by tlte chief clerks thereof, do not meet in regular session until December of the year following; be sent to the presi!Ung ·officers of the Senate and the House of Repre­ and sentatives of the U'nited States · and to each Senator and Mt>mber of Whereas in the so-called short sessions of Congress, which convene Congress ft·om Wisconsin. in December following each general election, there are always many HE~"ItY A. HUBER, Members who were defeated for reelection and repudiated by their Pre8ident of tl'e Senate. constituents; arid 0. G: MUNSO:X, Whereas tliis provision of the Constitution operates to prevent the Ollie! (Jle-t·J~ of tl!e Senate. will of the people from being expressed in legislation within a reason- JOHN W. EBER, able time: Now therefore be it - Speaker of the Assembly. Resolved by tile assembly (the se~t{l.fe conctwri1~). That the Legis­ c. E. SHAFFElt,, lature of the State of Wisconsin hereby eurnestly requests and petitions Clt.lef Clerk ot the Assembly. Congress to adopt and submit to the States the so-called Norris amendment to the Constitution of the U'nited States for the earlier Joint re-·olution memorializing Congress to grant Fetleral aid in the eommencement of the terms of President, Vice President, and Yembers construction of interstate bridges of Congress and for the convening of Congress in January of the year Whereas the boundaries dividing the several States in many instances following its election. consist of natural watercourses and rivers; and Resolved, That a copy of this resolution, duly attested by the presid­ Whereas the cost of interstate bridges is very great, since the rivers ing officers and chief clerks of the senate and assembly, be forwarded to in many instances are wlde and the engineering and construction prob­ the presiding officers of both Houses of Congress and to the Wisconsin lems difficult to solve ; and S<'nators and Representativ<'s therein. Whereas the Constitution of the United States ,·ests in Congress con­ HE.XRY A. HUBER, trol over all interstate communication and the Federal Government is President ot t11e Senate. vitally intere ·ted in developing national hig·hways cutting across State 0. G. Muxsox, lines : Therefore be it Chief Olerk of the Senate. Reso~ved b'l/ the assembly (the senate CO?!C11!7' l11g ) , That the Legisla­ JOHN W. EBER, ture of the State of Wisconsin earnestly requests and petitions the Speaker of the As~e mbly. Congres of the United States to enact legislation to gi'\"e Federal aid C. E. SHAFTER, for the cons truction of interstate bridges ; and be it further Chief Clerk of tlre A ssembly. Resolved, That a copy of this re. oLutiou, properly attested, be for­ warded to the presiuing offi cer·s of both Houses of Congre s and to the Joint resolution memorializing the Congress of the United States to Wiscon ·in Senat or::> and Rt>presentative · therein. provide for a nation-wide refet·endum on the question of modifying H'E:\RY A. HUBER, t he Yolstead Act Pres-ident of the Senate. 0. G. MU:-ISO)I, Whereas the voters of the State of Wisconsin at a n~ce nt referendum Chief Cler'k of the Sen(lte. registet·ed their disapproval of prohibition by a majority of appro:xi· mately 176,000 votes; and J OH:X w. EBEllJ W'llereas the people of Wisconsin have emphatically ext)ressed them­ Speaker of t1te Assembly. selves in favor of a modification of the Volstead Act to permit the c. E. SIUFrERJ manufacture and sale of 2.75 per cent beer; and Oltie{ Olerk of tl!e A ssem bly. Wher·eas a nation-wide test on the ques tion of modifying th e Yolstead E~ FOP.CE :YE..." T OF CO~ STITU TIO~ Ar t would afford the means of a ccurately measuring t he sentiment of t he entire country: Therefore be it Mt·. CA.PPER. l\Ir. Pre 'ident, I present the memorial to Con­ R esolved. by the a.ssembly ( t l!c scnM e concur ring ) , That the Wiscon­ gress from the Elks and other ft•atermll negt·o organizations sin Legislature hereby goe on record as respectfully memorializing and a 1.: that it may be printed in the REcoRn. Congress to provide the necessary machinery for the holding of a nation­ There bein~ no ohjection, the memorial wa referred to the wide referendum on the question of modifying t he Volstead Act to Committee on the Judiciary and ordered to be printed in the legalize the manufacture and sal<' of 2.75 per cent beer; be it f urther RECORD, as follows : 1927 CONGRESS! ON .AL RECORD-SEN-ATE 779

To the Ootlgt·ess of tJ1e Vt~ited this memorial is re8'[Jectf·ully addressed Signed by J. Finley Wilson, grand exalteu ruler of the Elks; Wil­ by the cmdersiune(-l representatives of A.mm·ica negro organizatiOttB liam Pickens, field secretary of the ~. A. A. C. P.; Cresar Blake, impe­ and citizens: rial potentate of the Shriners; W. H. Jernagin, National Equal Rights 1. We urge the sustaining of the entire Constitution of the United League and Race Congress; Charles T. Preeman, Grand Encampment States and the enforcement of all its provisions and laws. No greater K. T.; Mrs. Ora B. Stokes, presiding shepherd of Order of Shepherds; blunder could be committed by Government than to make the avowal Robert F. Leftridge, Citizens' League; Mrs. Ella G. Berry, grand or allow the impre sion that it has power to enforce all of its laws daughter ruler, Daughter Elks of the World; 1\fr~. Emma V. Keller, with certain exceptions. Such policy would to the man of ordinary grand secretary; Robert ;r, Nelson, executive director Civil Liberti~s mind and common sense mean one of two things, or both of them : Commission of- the Elks ; Dr. S. H. George, grand esteemed lead­ (a) That the Government has no real power to enforce any of its ing knight of the Elks; John R. Hawkins, 1\n.tional ~egro Bankers' laws, or (b) that Government officials are consummate hypocrites, who Association; Bishop J. J. Higgs, Modern Educational and Religious are resolved to enforce only such laws as they favor. Bureau ; Nannie H. Burroughs, National League of Republican Women; 2. It is our conviction that every amendment of the National Con­ Mary McLeod Bethune, National Association of Colored Women's Clubs; stitution is as vital a part of fundamental law as is the first article Robert L. Vann, editor Pittsburgh Courier; Mrs. Maggie L. Walker, of that instrument; and that every act passed by the lawfully con­ Independent Order of St. Luke; Sydney B. Thompson; Rienzi B. Lemus, stituted legislative body, until such legislation is repealed or properly president Brotherhood Dining Car Employees; George W. Harris, nullified by the courts, is as sacred as the Constitution itself. In the editor of New York News; Charles E. Robinson. call for enforcement we therefore make no implied exceptitter adaptation to the peculiar needs of agricul­ tion such as ours to be used as a coordinating agency for activities ture. and the encouragement of increased actlYity and responsibility carried on by other national farm organizations. He emphasized the among lot·al bon·ower-stockholders who are now the real owners of the necessity, however, of continuing our organization as a separate unit, system. since our ultimate purpose is mainly along the lines of upbuilding and As a means of bringing about these desired changes yom· committee repre~enting the local units. recomnlemls amendmentt; to the Fedet·al farm loan act and rural Under the order of new business the secretary read the report ot' intermediate credit a{'t in accordance with the following 18 suggestions: the special fatm bureau committee above mentioned. This report is 1. That the law be so amended as to establish the l''ederal ll'arm att:lched hereto. After general discussion, Mr. Soreru;en made the Loan Board as an independent body, removing same from its present following motion : status as a l>ureau of the Treasury, and endeavoring to assure its " That we indorse the amendments to the Federal farm loan act autonomy. proposed by committee of the American Farm Bureau Federation as a 2. That the Federal l!'arm Loan Board consist of seven per~ons, one being in line with the prt>sent efforts and policies of our organization of whom shall be the Secretary of the Trea~ury, who shall lJe ex-officio :mel that we add thereto an amendment providing for the separ_ation chairman of the board, Rnd the other sb:: of whom shall be residents of of tile Federal intermediate credit banks from the Federal farm loan and s.e) edecl, t•espectively, from regions as follows: banks:• Fit·st region, consisting of the districts served by the Spl"ingtield This motion was seconded by 1\Ir. McLean and on vote carried and Baltimor·e Fedeml land banks. unanimously, Se-cond region, the L<\uisville and Columbia land-bank district . General discussion brought out the fact that often it is the aribtrary 'l'hit·d region, the St. Loui and New Ot·leans laud-bank districts. rulings of the Federal Farm Loan Board in conflict with the spirit of Fourth region, the Omaha and St. raul land-bank districts. tbe act, rather ihnn any specific shortcoming of the law itself, that Fifth region, the Houston and Wichita land-bank districts. CRuses the difficulty. The consensus of opinion was that in revamping Sixth region, tho Berkeley and Spokane land-bank districts. the act every effort should be made to insert prohibitions which would 3. Wilenever tllet·e is a vncancr on the Fedet·al Farm Loan Board it guard against these arbitrary rulings in conflict with the spirit of the sball I.Je the duty of each of the Federal land-bank boards in the region act. which i · not repre >< ent~>d on the board by reason of the vacancy to sng­ '11le question of opposing ilie confil·mation <>f the recess appointments ge:~t to thi" President of the United States two or more persons who to tte Farm Loan Board ..,,-as discussed at S<>me length and resulted in may be considered suitable for such position. tile following resolution offered by l\lr. McL-ean, seconded by :Ur. McCor­ mack, and passed without a dissenting vote : 4. F edet'fll land-bank appraisers shall be selected and employed by "As a prerequisite to the sympathetic administrati<>n of the act­ the re!"pecttve land-bank boards. subject to the approval of the Federal indeed, as a prert>quislte to the enactment of necessary amendments­ Farm Loan Board, and such banks shall have the power to remove we urge the absolute necessity of a F ederal Fnal farm-loan associa­ principles set forth above. tion:-; of the di:;trict. The directors may elect one of their number as "W'e therefore urge that the officers and members of the National president of the land bank, uut no other director shall be or become nn .As~ociation of Federal Farm Loan Borrowers make every effort to official or other saJal'iPd t-mployee of the land bank or intermediate prevent the confirmation of the pending rece s appointments of credit bank of which he is a director. but this shall not be construed to Messr··. Meyer, Cooksey, and IIarri:;on ; to secure the appointment of preveut hi . receiving special pay or per diem as a director or executive capable men lx'tter fitted by training. experience, and environment to committeeman. No member of the Federal Farm Loan Board, director, represent agriculture; and that following this a bill be drafted and or official of any Federal land bank, ot· employee of the system shall urged in accordance with memoranda attached herewith." Ul"e any influence in or take part in the election of loc.'tl directors of ThP "memoranda" mentioned in this re··olution refcra to the sug­ any lancl bank, undt-r penalt;r of forfeiture of his position upon charges gested amendments listed at the end of this report. prefer reel befot·e the Farm Loan Boa t·d, but this shall not be construed hlr. Sorensen moved the reelection of the officers of the past year, to interfere with the candidacy of any such person for any office. with the substitution of Mr. F. W. Lingqui:;t, of Helena. :Uont., to In the election of local directors the national" farm-loan associations replace Mr. Hffirst on the board of directors, and the ndilition of Mr. hall have 20 days' nolice for the purpose of nominating candidates, F. W. McLean as an honorary vice president. The motion was duly and also 20 day ' time in which to elect. There shall be no redistrict­ seeonded and passed. ing within six month preceding au election in any district. 'l'he president appointed an auditing committee con. istlng of Messrs. 'l'hat it shall ·be a part of the duty of the director of each land McLean and Sorensen, to audit the accounts of the organizntion. bank, when and as orflereu by the board of director , to confer with the .\ ftrr checking OWl' the receipts and expenditures and coniparlng the officers antl directors of the farm-loan a~sociations of the district from hltter with canceled checks, the committee r eported tuat the accounts time to time in an t-ffort to encourage such associations in the proper were correct. performtlnce of their duties. The organization authorized the secretary-treasurer to carry on a G. Tilat national fal'm-loan as ·ociati<>ns be authorized at their discre­ cnmpaign for increased membership and funtls and to u 'i'e every means tion to appropriate uut of their functs an amount not td exceed 25 cents u>aihlble to carry out the purpo e for whiclt it was formed. per member per annum for the purpose of forming and/or maintaining President Vrooman indicated that he expect to be in Washington as ociatlons of ·hureholder , di~trict, state, or national in character. much of the time dtlring the coming winter and will render an as­ 7. That when the Furm Loan Boat·d makes the annual report of its sistance possible. opt>mtlon. to the Speaker or the House, as is required by law, it shall On motion the association adjourned. also fnmish a copy thereof to each Federal land bank and to every director thereof. IU:l'ORT Oir SPECIAL CO:.\OIIT'I'Ee OF A.:UECICA.X Fdll :U Bt:llK.i G F E DER.lTIO~, 8. That each national fnrro loan association shall receive annually IXDORSED BY THE N.lTlO~A. L A.SSOCU.TION OF l:' EDERA.L . .E'ARll L OAN B OR­ oue-tenth of 1 per cent of all interest collected on loans made through ROWERS 8uch association, which fund shall be paid to it by the land bank regard­ Since the capital stock of the Federal land-bank system originally less of whether such m:~ociation is entitled to receive dividends or not, adnlnced by tlle rnited States '.freasUI'y hssary expenses or for repaid and the system is now owned by farmers, the time is opportune reserve. 1927 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 781 9. That the joint-stock land banks and Federal farm-loan banks be · such hearings as may be had on any subject before said committee, the put on a ba is of equality as to eligiblllty of loans and a.~ to loan expense thereof to be paid out of the contingent fund of the Senate, limit. and that the committee, or any subcommittee thereof, may sit during 10. The amount represented by real estate acquired by any land bank sessions or recesses of the Senate. as the result of the foreclosure of a mortgage shall be charged oft: at the HEA.RI!\"GS BEFORE THE COMMI'ITEE ON MILITARY AFFAIRS rate of 20 per cent per year from the time of the final acquisition of title to such real estate. Mr. DENEEN, from the Committee to Audit and Control the 11. That the board of directors of each Federal intermediate credit Contingent Expenses of the Senate, reported back favorably bank shall elect a vice president thereof, who shall be considered the the resolution ( S. Res. 49) submitted by Mr. REED of Pennsyl­ active executive officer of such credit bank, ·and shall be charged with vania on the 12th instant, which was considered by unanimous the duty of seeing that such bank functions properly subject to the consent and agreed to, as follows : general direction of the board of directors. Resolved, That the Committee on Military Mairs, or any subcommit­ 12. That section 202-C be so amended as to permit Federal intermedi­ tee thereof, is authorized during the Seventieth Congre s to send for ate credit banks to discount paper having a maturity at the time of persons, books, and papers, to administer oaths, and to employ a making or discounting of not less than 60 days. stenographer, at a cost not exceeding 25 cents per 100 words, to report 13. That section 202, paragraph A-3 be so amended as to permit such hearings as may be had on any subject before said committee, the Fer in order to determine the questions involved, deem advisable; to make investigations into internal revenue, customs, and certify its conclusions to the Senate. currency, and coinage matters, and other matters within its jurisdic­ Said committee is authorized, by itself or by any subcommittee, to tion, and to compile and prepare statistics and documents relating investigate the questions aforesaid, and shllll have authority to act by thereto as directed from time to time by the Senate and as may be or through such agents or representatives ns it may see fit to designate. necessary ; and to report from time to time to the Senate the result Said committee, or any subcommittee thereof, shall have power to thereof ; to send for persons, books, and papers, to administer oaths, issue subpamas and require the production of all papers, books, docu­ and to employ such expert stenographic, clerical, and other assistance ments, or other evidence pertinent to said investigation, and said com­ as may be necessary ; and all of the expenses of such committee shall mittee, or any subcommittee thereof, may sit during the sessions of the be paid from the contingent fund of the Senate; and the committee is Senate and during any recess of the Senate or of the Congress and to authorized to order such printing and binding as may be necessary for hold its sessions at such places as it may deem proper. its use. It shall have authority to employ clerks and other necessary assist­ ance and to employ stenographers at a cost not to exceed 25 cents per HEARINGS BEFORE THE CO~IMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY hundred words, and to cause to be taken and recorded all evidence 1\Ir. DENEEN, from the Committee to Audit and Control the received by the committee, and to have said evidence printed for the Contingent Expenses of the Senate, reported back favorably information of the Senate. without amendment the resolution (S. Res. 64) submitted by The Senate, having heretofore created a special committee to inquire Mr. HowELL (for Mr. NoRRIS) on the 15th instant, which was into certain matters in connection with said election and the primary considered by unanimous consent and agreed to, as follows: preceding the same, and having continued said committee in force, it is Resolved, That the Committee on the Judiciary, or any subcommittee ordered that the Committee on Privileges and Elections may, in its thereof, is authorized during the Seventieth Congress to send for per­ discretion, consider such evidence as has heretofore or may hereafter sons, books, and papers, to administer oaths, and to employ a stenog­ be taken by the said special committee appointed pursuant to Senate rapher, at a cost not exceeding 25 cents per 100 words, to report such Resolutions 195, 223, 258, and 324, Sixty-ninth Congress, and Senate hearings as may be had on any subject before said committee, the ex­ Resolution 10, Seventieth Congress; and the said special committee is pense thereof to be paid out of the contingent fund of the Senate; and hereby authorized, in its discretion, to consider such evidence as may be that the committee, or any subcommittee thereof, may sit during any taken by the said Committee on Privileges and Elections. session or recess of the Senate. The Sergeant at Arms of the Senate and his deputies and assistants are hereby required to attend the said Committee on Privileges and HEARINGS BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC LANDS AND SURVEYS Elections, or of any subcommittee thereof, and to execute its directions. 1\'Ir. DENEEN, from the Committee to Audit and Control the The chairman of the committee, and each and every member thereof, Contingent Expenses of the Senate, reported back favorably is hereby empowered to administer oaths and generally have such without amendment the resolution (S. Res. 65) submitted by powers and perform such duties as· are necessary or incident to the 1\'Ir. NYE on the 15th instant, which was considered by unani­ exercise of the powers and duties imposed by this resolution. mous consent and agreed to, as follows : Said committee shall report to the Senate at the earliest practicable ResolvedJ That the Committee on Public Lands and Surveys, or any date. subcommittee thereof, be, and hereby is, authorized during the Seven­ The cost of investigations and proceedings in pursuance of the fore- tieth Congress to send for persons, books, and papers, to administer going to be paid out of the contingent fund of the St>oate, and not to oaths, and to employ a stenographer, at a cost not to exceed 25 cents exceed $50,000. per 100 words, to report such hearings as may be had in connection The preamble was agreed to. with any subject which may be before said committee, the expenses TENNESSEE lUVER BRIDGE thereof to be paid out of the contingent fond of the Senate; and that tlle committee, or any subcommittee thereof, mar sit during the ses­ Mr. JONES of Washington. From the Committee on Com­ merce, I report back favorably with an amendment in the na­ sions or recesses of the Senate. ture of a substitute the bill (S. 1090) to authorize the con­ HEARINGS BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON MANUFACTURES struction of a highway toll bridge across the Tennessee River Mr. DE~EEN, from the Committee to Audit and Control the in Perry and Dectttur Counties, Tenn., and I submit a 1·eport Contingent Expenses of thE' Senate, reported back favorably (No. 4) thereon. I call the attention of the ·enior Senator without amendment the resolution (S. Res. 66) submitted by from Tennessee tQ the report. 1927 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 783 Mr. McKELLAR. Mr. President, this is an ordinary bridge A bill ( S. 1865) to provide for the protection of municipal bill, and I ask unanimous consent for its immediate conside:r­ watersheds within the nationa1 forests; to the Committee on ation. Public Lands and Surveys. . · There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the A bill ( S. 1866) for the purc.base of a site and the erection of Whole, 'pi'oceeded to consider the bill. a public building thereon at Milbank, S. Dak. ; and · The amendment of the Committee on Commerce was to strike A bill ( S. 1867) for the purchase of a site and the erection out all after the enacting clause and to insert: of a public building thereon at Winner, S. Dak.; to' the Com­ That the consent of Congress is hereby granted to the highway de­ mittee on Public Buildings and Grounds. partment of the State of Tennessee to construct, maintain, and operate A bill (S. 1868) for the relief of Hannah Nielson Larsen; to a bridge and approaches thereto across the Tennessee River at a the Committee on Claims. point suitnlHe to the interests of navigation on the Linden-Lexington A -bill ( S. 1869) granting an increase of pension to Louise A. Road in Perry and Decatur Counties in the State of Tennessee, in ac­ Wood; cord:mce with the provisions of an act entitled "An act to regulate the A bill ( S. 1870) granting pensions and increase of pensions to construction · of bridges over navigable waters," approved March 23, widows and former widows of certain soldier~ sailors, and 1906, and subject to the conditions and limitations contained in this marines of the Civil War, and for other purposes; act. A bill (S. 1871) granting a pension to Fred W. Fox (with SEc. 2. The right to alter, amend. or repeal this act is hereby ex­ accompanying papers) ; pressly reserved. A bill ( S. 1872) granting an increase of pension to Diantha M. Jarvie; (with accompanying papers); The amendment was agreed to. A bill (S. ·t873) granting an increase of pension to Reuben J. The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the Reals (with accompanying papers) ; amendment was concurred in. A bill ( S. 1874) granting an increase of pension to Amanda The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, rea(l D. Holcomb (with accompanying papers) ; the third time, and passed. · A bill (S. 1875) granting an increase of pension to Ol'al E. The title was amended so as to read: Osbon; A bill to authorize the construction of a bridge across the Tennessee A bill ( S. 1876) granting an increase o.f pension to George River in the State of Tennessee. Cuts-Ralf (with accompanying papers); and BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS INTRODuCED A bill (S. 1877) granting a pension to Ellen H. Morrison; to the Committee on Pensions. we1·e Bills and joint resolutions inb·oduced, read the first By Mr. BROOKHART; -time, and, by unanimous consent, the second time, and referred A bill ( S. 1878) to amend section 5137 of the Revised Statutes, as follows: as amen.ded; to the Committee on the Judicia1·y. By Mr. JOHNSON: A bill ( S. 1879) granting the consent of Congress to the Inter­ A bill ( S. 1849) providing that funds appropriated for the eare and relief of Indians of California, under the direction state Bridge Co., of Lansing. Iowa, to construct a bridge across of the Secretary of the Interior, shall be expended through the Mississippi River at LansiBg; to the Cqmmittee on Com­ merce. certain public agencies of the State of California; to the Com­ A bill (S. 1880) granting increase of pension to soldiers, mittee on Indian Affairs. A bill (S. 1850} granting an increase of pension to l\lartha sailors, and marines of tile war with Spain, the Philippine insur­ rection, and the China relief expedition, and to widows, children, A.. Sheldon ; to the Committee on Pensions. and dependent relatives of such soldiers, sailors, and marines, By Mr. COPELAND: A. biU (S. 1851) for the relief of Charles Wellesley Herring­ granting pensions to World War veterans, and for other pur­ ton (with accompanying papers) ; and poses; and . A bill ( S. 1852) to con-ect the naval record of John Lewis A bill ( S. 1881) granting an increase of pension to Amelia Burns; to the Committee on Naval .Aifairs. Brownfield (with accompanying papers) ; to the Committee on A bill ( S. 1853) for the relief of Henry C. Wilke ; and Pensions. By Mr. SACKETT: .A, bill ( S. 1854·) for the relief of Herman P.. Ulmer ; to the Committee on Claims. A bill (S. 1882) for the relief of the Farmers National Bank, By Mr. McKELLAR: of Danville, Ky. ; to the C{)mmittee on Claims. A bill ( S. 1883) granting a pension to Martha R. Pack (with A bill (S. 1855) to provide for cooperation by the Smith­ accompanying papers); sonian In titution with Stat~ educational, and scientific organ­ . izations in the United States for continuing ethnological' re­ A bill ( S. 1884) granting an increase of pension to Margaret searches on the American Indians; to the Committee on the P. Long; Library. A bill (S. 1885) granting an increase of pension to Ellen By Mr. SMOOT: Snow (with accompanying papers) ; A bill (S. 1S56) for the relief of t.be Gunnison-Mayfield Land A bill ( S. 1886) granting an. increase of pension to Lavina & Grazing Co. ; to the Committee on Public Lands and Surveys. Craig (with accompanying papers) ; and By Mr. BAYARD: A bill (S. 1887) granting an increase of pension to Z01·ada A bill (S. 1857) granting the consent of Congress to the Finch (with accompanying papers) ; to the Committee on Pen­ Delaware & New Jersey Bridge Corporation, a cor})(}ration of sions. the State of Delaware, domiciled at Wilmington, Del., its suc­ By :Mr. HOWELL: cessors and assigns, to construct,. maintain, and operate a bridge A bill (S. 1888) for the relief of Charles Walker; to the across the Delaware River; to the Committee on Commerce. Committee on Military Affairs. • A. bill ( S. 1858) to authorize the Secretary of the Interior By Mr. MOSES: and the Commissioner of Pensions to compute service of the A bill (S. 1889) granting a pension to Gustavus A. Cutter; Fifth· and Sixth Delaware Regiments from enlistment to dis- to the Committee on Pensions. charge; · By M1·. SHEPPARD: . A bill ( S. 1859) g~·anting a pension to Sadie C. Peters (with A bill ( S. 1890). to provide for the filling of certain limited accompanying papers); and vacancies in the grade of warrant officers, United States Army; A bill (S. 1860) granting a pension to Sallie T. Freeman to the Committee on Military Affairs. (with accompanying papers) ; to the Committee on Pensions. By Mr. GILLETT: By Mr. NORBECK: A bill ( S. 1891) for the relief of Edmund L. Moore ; to the A bill ( S. 1861) to create an additional judge in the district Committee· on Patents. of South Dakota; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. KEYES (by request) : A bill (S. 1862) for the relief of Eugene D. Mossman, James A bill ( S. 1892) to provide for the world-wide extension of B. Kitch, and certain Indians of the Standing Rock Indian education by the cooperation of national governments; to the Reservation, and for other purposes; Committee on Education and Labor. A bill ( S. 1863) to authorize final rolls of various bands of By Mr. V\1 ATSON: Sioux Indians ; and A bill ( S. 1893) to designate a building site for the National .A bill ( S. 1864) authorizing and directing the Secretary of Conservatory of Music of America, and for other pm1Jo-ses; to the Interior to investigate, bear, and determine the claims of the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. individual members of the Sioux Tribe of I:udiaiL'3 against tl'ibal By Mr. REED of Pennsylvania: - funds or against the United States; to tbe Committee on Indian A bill ( S. 1894) to increase the efficiency of th~ Army, and Affairs. - for other purposes; to the Committee on Milita1·y Affairs. · CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE DEOEMBER 17 .

By Mr. HALE: of the said land for military purposes; to the Committee on A bill ( S. 1895) granting an increase of pension to Ellen Cun­ Public Lands and Surveys. ningham (with accompanying papers); to the Committee on A bill (S. 1916) to confer jurisdiction on the Court of Claims Pensions. to hear, determine, and render judgment upon the claim ot By Mr. DENEEN: Sun crest Orchards (Inc. ) ; to the Committee on Claims. A bill (S. 1896) authorizing the Secretary of the Treasury By Mr. FLETCHER: to amend the contract executed by the Treasury Department A bill (S. 1917) to legalize a bridge across Hillsboro Bay at for the construction of the Edward Hines, J"r., Hospital at Twenty-second Street, Tampa, Fla. ; to the Committee on Com­ Broad View, TIL; to the Committee on Public Buildings and merce. Grounds. By 1\Ir. SHORTRIDGE : A bill ( S. 1897) granting a pension to Gertrude Taylor; and A bill (S. 1918) for the relief of George H. Koerner; to the A bill ( S. 1898) granting a pension to Nettie E. Kime1·y ; to Committee on Naval Affairs. the Committee on Pensions. A bill ( S. 1919) granting a pension to George Frye, alias By Mr. RANSDELL: Walter Davison; to the Committee on Pensions. A bill (S. 1899) for the relief of Clifford D. Ham, collector By Mr. WALSH of Massachusetts: general of customs, administrator of Corinto Wharf, Republic A bill ( S. 1920) for the relief of William E. Bliss; and of Nicaragua; to the Committee on Claims. A bill (S. 1921) for the relief of Margaret T. Head, admin­ By Mr. MOSES (for Mr. DU PoNT) : istratrix; to the Committee on Claims. A bill ( S. 1900) to provide for the construction .of a post A bill (S. 1922) making an approptiation to pay the State of road and military highway from a point on or near the Atlantic Massachusetts for expenses incurred and paid, at the request coast to a point on or near the Pacific coast, and for other of the President, in protecting the harbors and fortifying the purposes ; to the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. coast during the Civil War, in accordance with the findings of By Mr. PITTMAN: the Court of Claims and Senate Report No. 764, Sixty-sixth A bill (S. 1901) granting a pension to Adam H. Kramer; to Congress, third session ; to the Committee on Appropriations. the Committee on Pensions. By Mr. TYSON: By Mr. NEELY: . A bill (S. 1923) for the relief of George T. Larkin; to the A bill ( S. 1902) granting an increase of pension to George Committee on Claims. Milams ; to the Committee on Pensions. A bill ( S. 1924) granting a pension to Charles H. Sills; to By Mr. THOMAS: the Committee on Pensions. A bill ( S. 1903) to authorize the creation of Indian trust A bill ( S. 1925) to amend the act entitled "An act to pro­ estates, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Indian vide that the United States shall aid the States in the con­ Affairs. struction of rural post roads, and for other purposes," ap­ Mr. J"ONES of Washington. Mr. President, there. has been proved July 11, 1916, as amended, and for other purposes; to considerable complaint about the congestion of business in the the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. district courts of the United States. In the hope of meeting A bill ( S. 1926) providing for a Presidents' Plaza and me­ that in an economical way, I desire to introduce a bill to pro­ morial in the city of Nashville, State of Tennessee, to Andrew vide for the appointme.t;J.t of additional district judges. to be J"ackson, J"ames K. Polk, and Andrew J"ohnson, former Presi­ known as associate district judges, and for other pUIJ)OSes, dents of the United States; to the Committee on the Library. and to have it referred to the Committee on the J"udiciary, A bill ( S. 1927) for the relief of Capt. George R. Armstrong, By Mr. J"ONES of Washington: United States Army, ~;etired ; A bill ( S. 19P4) to provide for the appointment of additional A bill ( S. 1928) to provide for appointing Robert J". Burton, district judges to be known as associate dish·ict judges, and a former field clerk, Quartermaster Corps, a warrant officer, for other pm·poses; to the Committee on the J"udiciary. United States Army; By Mr. CAPPER: A bill (S. 1929) providing for the promotion of certain non­ A bill (S. 1905) to prevent fraud respecting s~urities offered commissioned officers of the Regula:.;: Army; and for sale within the District of Columbia, .to provide a summary A bill ( S. 1930) to establish a national military park on the proceeding therefor, to license persons selling securities in the site of Camp Blount, Lincoln County, Tenn.; to the Committee District of Columbia, and for other purposes ; on Military Affairs. A bill (S. 1906) authorizing the transportation of all miscel­ A bill ( S. 1931) to provide a site and erect a public building laneous refuse collected iii the District of Columbia to the work­ the1·eon at J"efferson City, Tenn.; and house or reformatory tract near Occoquan, Va., and its dispo­ A bill ( S. 1932) to provide a site and erect a public building sition at that place; thereon at Knoxville, Tenn. ; to the Committee on Public A bill ( S. 1907) to establish a woman's bureau in the Metro­ Buildings and Grounds. politan police department of the District of Columbia, and for By Mr. ROBINSON of Indiana: other purposes ; A bill ( S. 1933) granting an honorable discharge from the A bill (S. 1908) to amend section 12 of the act making ap­ military service to Charles l\.Io~ton Wilson (with ~ccompanying propriations to provide for the expenses of the government of the papers) ; and District of Columbia for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1917, A bill ( S. 1934) for the relief of Thomas B. Wikoff; to the and for other purposes ; Committee on Military Affairs. A bill ( S. 1909) to define and punish vagrancy in the District A bill ( S. 1935) granting a pension to Thomas Miller (with of Columbia ; and accompanying papers) ; A bill ( S. 191U) to amend the act entitled "An act to establish A bill ( S. 1936) granting an mcrease of pension to George a code for the District of Columbia approved March 3, 1901," Milholland (with accompanying paper) ; and the acts amendatory thereof and supplementary thereto; A bill (S. 1937) granting a pension to Charles Bess (with to the Committee on the District of Columbia. accompanying papers) ; By Mr. FRAZIER: A bill ( S. 1938) granting a pension to Ernest Cooper (with A bill (S. 1911) to amend sections 311 and 313 of the tariff accompanying papers) ; and act of 1922, as amended ; to the Committee on Finance. A bill (S. 1939) granting pen.sions and increase of pensions By Mr. NYE: to widows and former widows of certain soldiers, sailors, and A bill (S. 1912) to remit the duties on certain materials, ma­ marines of the Civil War, and for other purposes; to the Com­ chinery, and equipment to be imported for the Lehigh Briquetting mittee on Pensions. Co., Lehigh, N. Dak.; to the Committee on Finance. By Mr. HAWES: (By request.) A bill (S. 1913) to authorize the transfer of A bill (S. 1940) to divest goods, wares, and merchandise the geodetic work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey from the manufactured, produced, or mined by convicts or prisoners of Department of Commerce to the Department of the Interior, their interstate character in certain cases; to the Committee on and for other purposes ; to the Committee on Public Lands and Interstate Commerce. Surveys. By Mr. BRATTON: By Mr. McNARY: A bill ( S. 1941) to provide for the acquisition of rights of A bill (S. 1914) to make an award of $10,000 and grant a way through the lands of the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico ; pension to Michael A. Donaldson ; to the Committee on Military to the Committee on Indian Affairs. Affairs. By Mr. KING: A bill (S. 1915) to reconvey to the State of Oregon all right, A bill (S. 1942) to repeal part of the act entitled "An act title, and interest of the United States in and to Sand Island, making appropriations for-the Department of the Interior for near the mouth of the Columbia River, in the State of Oregon, the fiscal year ending J"une 30, 1928, and for other: purposes," reserving to the United States the right to the perpetual use appro\ed J"anuary 12, 1927; to the Committee on Indian Affairs. 1927 OONGRESSION AL RECORD-SENATE 785 By Mr. SMOOT: fewer than 47 varieties of gasoline prices. High-test gas sells in some A joint resolution (S. J. Res. 49) providing for the filling of sections as low as 13 cents per gallon and in others the price is 29 a vacancy in the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Insti­ cents. "Straight run" prices range from 10 to 27 cents. It was tution of the c1ass other than Members of Congress; to the found also that proximity to the source of supply has no bearing on Committee on the Library. prices, or, if any, it is the reverse of what would be expected. Nor A joint resolution (S. J. Res. 50) providing that the Secre­ was there found to be an advantage in favor of the buyer in the tide­ tary of Agriculture be dh·ected to give notice that on and after water region as against the buyer in the interior, for it was learned January 1, 1929, the Government will cease to maintain a that on the whole prices at tidewater were higher than those charged public market on Pennsylvania Avenue between Seventh and at inland points. Ninth Streets NW. ; to the Committee on Public Buildings and It is difficult, 1n view of these figures, to accept the statement ot Grounds. the Federal Trade Commission that gasoline prices are controlled by By Mr. MOSES : conditions of supply and demand. A joint resolution ( S. J. Res. 51) tendering the thanks of Congress to Commander Albert Cushing Read, United States INVESTIGATION OF C01\TJ>ITIO~S IN AMERICAN SAMOA Navy, for hi~ acl1ievement in completing the first trans-Atlantic Mr. BINGHAM submitted the following concurrent resolution: airplane flight, and providing for his advancement on the list of (S. Con. Res. 2), which was referred to the Committee on Terri­ commanders of the Navy; to the Committee on Naval Affairs. tories and Insular Possessions : By Mr. TRAMMELL : - Resolved by the Se·nate (the House of Rezwesentatir:es concurr-ing), A joint resolution (S. J. Res. 52) providing for the transfer That a joint committee ·of Congress to consist of two members of the of ce1·tain funds for the purpose of certain channel improvement Committee on Territories and Insular Possessions of the Senate, to be at St. Petersburg, Fla.; and appointed by the President of the Senate, and three members of the A joint resolution (S. J. Res. 53) providing for~ survey from Committee on Insular Affairs of the House of Representatives, to be F!orida Bay to Key West, Fla.; to the Committee on Commerce. appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives, is hereby CHANGE OF REFERENCE authorized to visit American Samoa, and to investigate fully existing On motion of Mr. ODDIE, the Committee on !\fines and Min­ conditions there with a view to the recommendation of necessary legis· ing was discharged from the further consideration of the bill latlon in respect thereof. The committee shall elect a chairman from ,(S. 707) to cede unreserYed nonmineral public lands to the among its members. For the purposes of this resolution such committee several States, and it was referred to the Committee-on Public is authorized to hold hearings and to sit and act at such times and Lan~s and Surveys. places within American Samoa or the United States, to employ such clerical, sten{)gmphic, and other assistants, including interpreters, to AME.l.~DMEN'l' TO TAX REDUCTION BILL--DUTY ON HIDES, ETC. require by subprena or otherwise the attendance of such witnesses and 1\lr. PITTMAN submitted an amendment intended to be pro­ the production of such books, papers, and documents, to administer such posed by him to House bill1, the tax reduction bill, which was re­ oaths, to take such testimony, and to make such expenditures as it ferred to the Committee on Finance and ordered to be printed. deems advisable. The cost of stenographic service to report such hear­ PRICES OF GASOLINE ings · shall not be in excess of 25 cents per hundred words. The ex­ Mr. l\IcMASTER. l\Ir. President; I ask unanimous consent penses of such committee, which shall not exceed the sum of $15,000~ to have printed in the REcORD an editorial published in the shall be paid one-half from the contingent fund of the Senate and one­ Washin.gton Post of this morning in reference to the report half from the contingent fund of the House of Representatives, upon made by the Federal Trade Commission on the prices of gaso­ vouchers approved by the chairman. The committee shall make a line. I wish to read to tl1e Senate the concluding sentence of report to the Congress as to its findings, with such ·recommendations the editorial, which is as follows : for legislation as it deems advisable, on or before December 13, 1928. It is difficult, in view of these figures, to accept the statement of the INVESTIGATION OF THE FOREIGN SERVICE Federal Trade Commission that gasoline prices are controlled by condi­ Mr. HARRISON. I submit a Senate resolution, and ask tions of supply and demand. unanimous consent for it<; immediate consideration. Mr. President, the Washington Post is a conservative news­ The VICE PRESIDENT. The clerk will read the resolution. paper, and when a conservative newspaper draws a conclusion The Chief Clerk read the resolution ( S. Res. 76), as follows : such as that it is a sad commentary upon the Federal Trade Resolved, That the Committee on Foreign Relations is .authorized and Commission, which was organized and instituted for the pur­ directed (1) to investigate the administration of the act entitled "An pose of protecting the public interest. I ask that the entiJ:e act for th.e reorganization and improvement of the Foreign Service of editori~l be printed at this point in the RECORD. the United States, and for other purposes," approved May 24, 1924, as The VICE PRESIDENT. Without objection, the editorial amende!'!, and particularly the work of the Foreign Service Personnel presented by the Senator from South Dakota will be pr!nted Board, for the purpose of determining what results have been obtained in the RECORD. under the provisions of such act, and (2) to report to the Senate, as The editorial is as follows: soon as practicable, the results of its investigation, ·with such recom­ THE PRICE OF GAS mendations as it deems advisable. [From the Washington Post, December 17, 1927] The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the immedi­ About a week ago the Federal Trade Commission issued a clean bill ate consideration of the resolution? of health to the oil companies that produce and distribute motor fuel Mr. BORAH. Mr. President, I think that the resolution is and lubricants. The commission, acting under the authority of a Senate entirely proper. It relates to a matter of which the Senator resolution, reported to Congress that it bad been unable to find "recent spoke in the committee the other day. I will ask the Senator, evidence" of agreements or manipulations of any size among .large oil Is it necessary that the resolution should go to the Committee companies to raise or dep1ess prices of crude petroleum . or refined to Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate? products. The report added " that the inquiry tended to show that Mr. HARRISON. No; it is not. price movements over the longer periods were controlled by conditions Mr. BORAH. Unless some member of the committee thinks of supply and demand, but that these conditions were reflected in otherwise, I see no objection to the resolution. shorter periods partly because crude prices are determined by the deci­ Mr. JONES of Washington. Mr. President, I wish to ask, Is sions of a few large purchasing companies, among which there is gen­ this such a resolution as will require bye and bye another erally very little real competition." resolution authorizing the payment of money for the employ­ J"ust how long a time was devoted to the investigation by the Fed­ ment of stenographers to report the hearings, and so forth? eral Tt·ade Commission is not revealed in the report. But judging from :Mr. HARRISON. I may say to the Senator from Washing­ the known celerity of the movements of that ponderous body it is prob­ ton that the resolution does not ask for the appointment of any able that 'many months and much travel were necessary to reach the special committee or anything of that sort. It merely calls on conclusion that "no recent evidence'' is obtainable. the Committee on Foreign Relations to investigate the results While the Federal Trade Commission was preparing to send its report of the administration of the so-called Rogers Act of 1924. to Congress in response to the re olution of the Senate another organi­ There bas been considerable dissatisfaction in the Consular zation made a somewhat similar "&urvey" of the gasoline situation Service. We may be able to iron out the difficulties in some and its findings are, to say the least, slightly at variance with those of way by having an investigation. the commission. Mr. MOSES. Mr. President, may I ask the Senator a ques­ This independent survey was carried on by 950 motor clubs affiliated tion? with the American Automobile Association. The inquiries extended into Mr. HARRISON. Certainly. every section of the country. The reports from these unoffi.cial inquirers :Mr. MOSES. Does the Senator ask unanimous consent for indicate that there :ue in use, or were as late as November 22, no the immediate consideration of the resolution? LXIX-50 786 CONGR.ESSION AL RECORD-SENATE DECEMBER t 71

Mr. H~t.RRISON. I did ask unanimous consent for its im­ Whereas it is expedient that said acts of Congress and tbe IndJan ' mediate consideration. policy incorporated in said acts be examined and the administration . 1\fr. 1\IOSES. The Senator will recall the discussion that and operation of the same as a11:'ecting the condition of the Indian took place in the committee the other morning and will recall population be surveyed and appraised: Now therefore be it that there were a good many members of the committee who Resolt,ed, That the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate is were in full sympathy with the general proposition, but I think, authorized and directed to make a general survey of the condition of the ' under all the circumstances, the resolution had better go to the Indians and of the operation and effect of the laws which Congress committee inasmuch as the committee meets regularly and has passed for the civilization and protection of the Indian tribes; to · will have a meeting on Wednesday, I presume. investigate the relation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs to the persons Mr. HARRISON. I have no objection to the resolution going and property of Indians and the effect of the acts, regulations, and ad­ to the committee, but I did not think there would arise any ministration of said bureau upon the health, improvement, and welfare opposition to it, and I am sure there is . no opposition to its of the Indians ; and to report its findings in the premises, together adoption. with recommendations tor t he correction of abuses that may be found l\Jr. MOSES. I think the preponderant sentiment of the to exist, and for such changes in the law as will promote the security, committee is in favor of some sort of an investigation in view economic competence, and progress of the Indians. ()f certain thilj~Ss that have taken place particularly in the per­ Said committee is authOl'ized to send for persons and papers, to sonnel board under the operation of the Rogers Act. administer oaths, to employ such clerical assiStance as is necessary, to Mr. HARRISON. I ask that the resolution be referred to the sit during any recess of the Senate, and at such places as it may deem Committee on Foreign Relations. advisable. Any subcommittee, duly authorized thereto, shall have the The VICE PRESIDENT. Without objection, the resolution powers conferred upon the committee by this resolution. will be referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. G. TOM TAYLOR ANNA KE1\TYON Mr. McKELLAR submitted the following resolution ( S. Res. Mr. l\IOSES submitted the following resolution (S. Res. 77), 80), which was referred to the Committee on Civil Service: which was referred to the Committee to Audit and Control the Whereas in 1921 an examination was held by the Civil Service Contingent Expenses ·of the Senate: Commission at Memphis, Tenn., for postmaster at that place; and Resolv-ed, That the Secretary of the Senate is hereby authorized and Whereas G. Tom Taylor, then claiming to be a resident of lfemphfe, directed to pay out of the contingent fund of the Senate to Anna made application and took the examination, but the Civil Service Kenyon, widow of Harold Kenyon, late Capitol policeman, a sum equal Commission declined to certify him as one of the eligibles ; and to six months' compensation at the rate be was receiving by law at the Whereas in 1925 another civil serrice examination was held in Mem­ time of his death, said sum to be considered inclusive of funeral phis for postmaster in that place, and the said G. Tom Taylor again expenses and all other allowances. became an applicant and again was refused a place on the list of three eligibles ; and FORECASTS OF FARM PRICES Whereas no appointment was made for about a year after said 1925 . Mr. HARRIS. I offer a resolution and ask that it may be examination because apparently it was not desired by the political read and lie on the table. powers that any one of the three eligibles should be appointed post· The YICE PRESIDENT. The clerk will read. IIUlster; and The resolution ( S. Res. 78) was read and ordered to lie on Whereas the political powers finally Induced Mr. Bugg, the third ma~ the table, as follows: on the list of eligibles, to withdraw his name; and Whereas the Department of Agriculture in the month of September, Whereas the Ci\il Service Commission again refused to certify the 1927, made public a report relating to probable farm-price situation dur­ said G. Tom Tayloi·, but did ilave a reexamination made into his ing the balance of the year, which contained predictions that there application and qualifications; and Whereas the report of the examiners in 1921, in 1925, and in 1926 all would be a decline in the price of cotton and of other a~icultural showed that the character and reputation of said G. Tom Tavlor commodities ; and Whereas this report was not authorized by law and resulted in decline unfitted him for pos tmaster at Memphis, and held be was not qualified of prices of such commodities, with a loss of many millions to the for postmaster by reason of not possessing the proper character and fitness; and farmers ; and Whereas siailar reports issued in the future would tend to ha;e a Whereas, notwithstanding these faets and findings of its own exam­ similru· effect upon farm prices : Therefore be it iners, the Civil Service Commission on or about the 1st of June, 1927, placed the said G. Tom Taylor on the of eligibles by majority ResoZved~ That it is the sense of the Senate that the practice of issu­ list a. ing such unauthorized reports is detrimental to the farmers throughout vote; and the country, and that the activities of the Secretary of Agl'icul~u.re and Whereas the said G. Tom Taylor was at once appoin~d acting any officer or employee of the Department of Agriculture in connection postmast er and took charge of the office; and with the issuance or publication of any such reports are hereby disap­ Whereas his name was sent in to the Senate for confirmation early in December, 1927 ; and proved and condemned. Whereas opposition appearing to the confirmation of G. Tom Taylor SUB\EY OF CO:NDITION OF INDIANS his nomination has been withdrawn ; and Mr. KING submitted tbe following resol?tion (~. Res. 79), Whereas the said G. Tom Taylor has been continued an acting post­ which was referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs: master at Memphis, notwithstanding his lack of qualifications and fitne s as requil'ed by the civil service laws: Now therefore be it 225,000 Whereas there are Indians presently under the control of the ResoZ1:ea, That the Committee on Civil Service be, and it is hereby, Bureau of Indian Affairs, who are in contemplation of law citizens of authorized, ordered, and directed to send for persons and papers and the United States but who are in fact treated as wards of the Govern­ report at the earliest possible day its findings on the following ment and are prevented from the enjoyment of the free and independent questions: use of property and of liberty of contract with respect thereto ; and First. What were the facts as ascertained by the Civil Service Com­ Whereas the Bureau of Indian Mairs handles, leases, and sells In­ mission as to th·e character and qualifications and fitne s of the said dian property of great value, and disposes of funds which amount to G. Tom Taylor to be postmaster in 'Memphis. many millions of dollars annually without responsibility to civil courts Second. What reusons actuated the CiTil Service Commi sion in and without effective responsibility to Congress ; and disregarding the findings of its own examiners and in certifying th~ Whereas it is claimed that the control by the Bureau of Indian Af­ said G. Tom Taylor as eligible for postmaster at :Yemphis, notwith­ fairs of the persons and property of Indians is preventing them from standing his lack of qualifications and fitness as found by the examiners. accommodating themselves to the conditions and requirements of modern Third. That the said committee is authorized t() report any other life and from exercising that liberty with respect to their own affairs pertinent facts concerning the eligibility of the said G. 'l.'om Taylor for without which they can not develop into self-reliant, free, and independ­ postmaster or as to the action of the Civil Service Commission, or any ent citizens JlJld have the rights which belong generally to citizens of member thereof, in certifying the said G. Tom Taylor as eligible for the united States; and . postmaster at Memphis. Wllereas numerous complaints have been made by responsible persons and organizations charging improper and improvident administration HEA1UXOS BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON TERRITORIES .AXD I NSULAR of Indian property by the Bureau of Indian Affairs ; and POSSESSIO:!S'S Whereas it is claimed that preventable diseases are widespread among 1\lr. WILLIS submitted the following resolution ( S. Res. 81), the Indian population, that the death rate among them is not only un­ which was referred to the Committee to Audit and Control the l'easonably high but is increasing, and that the Indians in many Contingent Expenses of the Senate: localities are becoming pauperized ; and Resol1:ecl, That th.e Committee on Territories and Insular Possessions Whereas the acts af Congress passed in the last hundred years hav­ or any ubcommittee thereof. is authorized during the Seventieth ing as their objective the civilization of the Indian tribes seem to· ha;e Congress to enu for per on s, books and papers, to admini. ter oaths, failed to accomplish the results anticipated ; and and to employ a stenographer, at a cost not exceeding 25 cents per 1927 CONGRESSION~AL RECORD-SENATE 787 100 words, to report such hearings as may be bad on any subject The mutter was brought on entirely by agitation and propaganda before said committee, the expense thereof to be paid out of the con­ in the Hearst chain of newspapers. Pictures were published, with tingent ftmd of the Senate ; and that the committee, or any subcom­ names carefully blocked out, which purported to be originals from mittee thereof, may sit during any session or recess of the Senate. Mexican files. They were submitted to at least two Senators some HEARINGS BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON PENSIONS time ago, and these men said at the time that an investigation of them showed such illiteracy as to brand them as forgeries at once, regardless Mr. ROBINSON of Indiana submitted the following resolu­ of the content. But Mr. Hearst secured the documents in some way, tion ( S. Res. 82), which was referred to the Committee to perhaps through one of his own multifarious agents, and sprang what Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate: ·was intended to be a sensation upon the two countries just at the Resolved, That the Committee on Pensions, or any subcommittee time when Ambassador Morrow and President Calles were reported thereof, hereby is authorized during the Seventieth Congress to send to be reaching a complete rapprochement, and when of all times calm for persons, books and papers, to administer oaths, and to employ a and friendly feeling were imperative in both countries. Mr. Hearst stenographer at a cost not to exceed 25 cents per 100 wot•ds, to report has nlways stood in the front rank of the jingoe·s where Mexico is such hearings as may be had in connection with any subject which may concerned, and this latest "scoop" is strictly in line with his wretched be before said committee, the expenses thereof to be paid out of the policy of agitation. Mt·. Hearst, of course, has immense holdings contingent fund of the Senate, and that the committee, or any sub­ in Mexico. Is there any connection? He say · he has published these committee thereof, may sit during the sessions or recesses of the documents through patriotism, but from where we sit it looks like a Senate. piece of rotten journalism that will fall as fiat as the proverbial PRODUCTION OF COAL IN WEST VIRGINIA pancake. WAR FINANCE CORPORATION Mr. 1\~ELY. Mr. President, I send to the desk and_ ask unanimous consent to have printed in the REcoRD an article l\lr; FLETCHER. Mr. President, I submit a Senate resolu­ which appeared in the Wheeling Register of the 16th of Decem­ tion and ask to have it read. Then I shall ask unanimous con­ ber, 1927, written by Mr. Hugh W. Roberts, a Washington sent for its present consideration. newspaper correspondent, entitled "West Virginia becomes The VICE PRESIDENT. The l'esolution will be read. greatest coal State in Union." The Chief Clerk read the resolution (S. Res. 84), as follows: The VICE PRESIDENT. Without objection, the article will Resoh:ed by the Senate, That the Committee on Banking and Currency be printed in the RECORD. of the United States Senate, or any subcommittee thereof appointed by The matter referred to is here printed, as follows : its chairman, be, and is hereby, authorized and directed to investigate 'WEST VmGINIA BECOMES GREATEST COAL STATE IN UNION-PENNSYL­ the administmtion and transactions of the War Finance Corporation VAXIA DISPLA CED, AND RANK WILL STA."'D PERMANENTLY, BELIEF during the period of its existence and to report to the Senate the r esult By Hugh W. Roberts of such investigation. For the purpose of such investigation the said committee or subcommittee is hereby authorized to call upon any de­ WASHINGTO~, December 15.-In the production of bituminous coal, partment or establishment of the Government to aid and assist in the Pennsylvania, after a reign of countless yeat·s as monarch in that field, examination of the books, records, accounts, and data of and pertaining will be displaced by January 1, 1928. The new king will be West to the transactions of the said War Finance Corporation, and the Secre­ Virginia. tary of the Treasury is hereby requested to make available such books, A definite statement to that effect is possible because of the officially r ecords, accounts, and data for that purpose and to facilitate the reported production of bituminous coal in the two States for the first 10 examination thereof. months of the current year. The figures, as prepared by the Bureau of Mines of the Department of Commerce, follow: Mr. FLETCHER. I ask unanimous consent for the present Pennsylvania, 110,600,000 tons. consideration of the resolution. West Virginia, 131,000,000 tons. Mr. EDGE. Mr. President, it occurs to me that before we From unofficial reports West Virginia maintained its proportionate actually order an investigation-if I tmderstood the purport of advantage in November. Apparently nothing can prevent its victory. It~ the resolution from its rapid reading-it should be referred to is possible, from what is indicated, that the full year's production will the Committee on Banking and Currency for consideration at increase West Virginia's lead as established at the end of October. least to the extent of ascertaining whether we could secure STATE GArNING FOR YEARS sufficient information by sending for members of the board ; in other words, to be enlightened as much as it is possible to be While the officials of the Bureau of Mines do not issue comparative enlightened. figures or do not state the case in the form of a comparison, and thus As I understand, this resolution orders an investigation. Is avoid the kindling of State pride and State jealousy, its figures are read­ that correct? ily obtainable at all times. From past reports it is made evident that Mr. FLETCHER. It orders an investigation. never before at the conclusion of any 10-month period was West Virginia Mr. EDGE. I think before we actually order an investigation found in advance of Pennsylvania. The trend has been, however, for the the Committee on Banking and Currency should at least ascer­ past several years in favor of West Yirginla. Each year West Virginia tain as far as they can, to their satisfaction so far as possible, gained. And now it goes over the top. _ just the situation, and then they can vote for an investigation It is the fact that West Virginia the past several years has gained if they desire it. I think that is the method usually pursued. rather than the fact that this year it will win the prize that is regarded Mr. FLETCHER. Of course, it depends on how far the com­ as significant of the probability that West Virginia in future years will mittee wants to go in that connection. make fast its present victory. While Pennsylvania is contending that Mr. EDGE. Will not the Senator be satisfied to have it re­ the strike in its coal fields bas more seriously handicapped production ferred to the committee? this year than the strike in West Virginia no argument is offered to off­ Mr. FLETCHER. I should like to have immediate action on set the gains scored by West Virginia in each of the .past several years. it. I make that request. I do not think there can be any real The statisticians of the Bureau of Mines, while withholding expression, ground of objection. indicate a conviction that West Virginia has simply come into its own Mr. NORBECK. Mr. President, I ask to have the resolution and come to stay indefinitely. read again. CRITICISM OF PUBLICATION IN HEARST NEWSPAPERS Mr. EDGE. If the Senator will not agree to have it referred to the committee, I must ask that it lie over under the rule. Mr. NEELY. Mr. President, I invite the Senate's attention The VICE PRESIDENT. The resolution will go over under to an able editorial written by Hon. William E. Chilton, a the rule. distinguished former Member of this body, which appeared in Mr. FLETCHER subsequently said: Mr. President, this the Charleston (W. Va.) Gazette of the 16th day of December, morning I offered a resolution to investigate the operations and and which is as follows : transactions of the Wa,r Finance Corporation, and asked unani­ BOTTE~ JOURNALISM mous consent for its immediate consideration. The Senator No one with an iota of sense entertains for an instant the slightest from New Jersey [Mr. EooE] objected, and was under the be­ belief that four United States Senators were the recipients of large lief at that time that the resolution ought to go to the Com­ sums of money from a slush fund provided by the Mexican Govern­ mittee on Banking and Currency for their report, inasmuch as it. ment. The public has implicit faith in the complete and absolute directed them to make this investigation. integrity and unswerving loyalty of Senators BORAH, NORRIS, LA For..­ I now ask unanimous consent that the resolution, which was LE'l'TE, and HEFLIN. One may differ with these men in matters of passed over until the following day under the rule by reason of opinion, but their sincerity. goes unquestioned with the American that objection, be referred to the Committee on Banking and· people. Moreover, no sensible person will think for a minute that Currency. the ~ Mexican Government would resort to such underhand tactics, even The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. BRATTON in the chair). Is if the purpose of these tactics were clear, which it decidedly is not. there objection to the request of the Senator from Florida? The prompt d!i!nial of the fout· will be accepted at full face value. The Chair hears none, and it is so ordered. 788 CONGRESSIONAL R . ECORD~EN ATE DECE:JIBER '17

1:\\'ESTIQATION OF PUBLIC UTILITY OORPORATIO~ Mr. 'VALSH of )fontana. But if they -did not it is available to them, and there i no rea. on why the matter could not be l\Ir. WALSH of Montana. 'I send to the desk a resolution debated upon the floor just as well as in the committee. which I ask to have 1·ead and referred to the Committee to 1\fr. MOSES. Then, Mr. President, in view of the Senator's Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate. position, and ina.<>much as there may be some Senators wllo The VICE PRESIDENT. The resolution will be read. have not read the speech of the Senator from Montana which The Chlef Clerk read the resolution (S. Res. 83), as follows: was delivered Ia t February, I shall have to ask that the resolu­ Resolved, That a committee of . five llembers of the Senate be ap­ tion go over, in order that those Senators who have not read the pointed by tbe President thereof, and be hereby empowered and speech may occupy Sunday in doing so. directed to inquire into and report upon: (1) The growth of the­ The VICE PRESIDENT. The resolution will go over under capital assets and capital liabilities of public-utility corporations sup­ the rule. plying either electrical energy in the form of power or light, or both, REPOBT OF FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION ON STOCK DIVIDE:O."DS however produced, or gas, natw.·ai or artificial, of corporations hold­ (S. 000. NO. 26) ing the stocks of such public-utility corporations, and of nonpublic­ ntility corporations owned or controlled by or affiliated with such hold­ 1\lr. HOWELL. Mr. President, I move that the report of the ing companies; (2) the method of issuing, the price realized, or value Federal Trade Commission on stock dividends of De<:ember 5 received, the commis'ions or bonuses paid or received, and other perti­ 1927, be pli.nted as a public document. . ' nent facts with respect to the various seaurity issues of all clas es Mr. SMOOT. Mr. President, may I ask the Senator if the Federal Trade Commission have not already had this report or corporations herein named, including the bonds and other evidences printed? - , - of indebtedne s thereof, as well as the stocks of the same; (3) the extent to which holding companies or their stockholders control or Mt. HOWELI~. They report that they have not the funds. are financially futerested in financial, engineering, construction, and/ or l\Ir. SMOOT. That is just the trouble. If we begin the prac­ management corporation , and the relation, one to the other, of the tice of printing here as public documents reports from all of classes of corporations last named, the holding companies and the the commissions and departments there will be no end to it. in public-utility corporations; (4) the services furnished to public-utility The practice has been the past that under no circumstances would we do it. We approp1iate all the money they a ·k for corporations by holding companies and/or their associated, affiliated, the purpose of plinting. I certainly must object to the printing and/or subsidiary companies, the fees, commissions, bonuses, or other of this document, not because it is a report of tlle Federal charges made therefor, and the earnings and expenses of such holding Trade Commission, but because that has been the p1·actice for companies and their as ·ociated, affiliated, and/or subsidiary companies; years now. Therefore I must object to its being printed as u and (5) the value or detriment to the public of holding companies own­ public document. ing the stock or otherwise controlling such public-utility corporations Mr. McMASTER. Mr. President, will not the distingui...,hed immediately or remotely, with the extent of such ownership or control, Senator withdraw the objection? The particular report to and particularly what legislation, if any, should be enacted by Congress which the Senator from Nebraska refers i the gasoline report, to correct any abuiles that may exist in the organization or operation is it not? of such holding companies. Mr.' HOWELL. .Ko; it is a report on stock dividends. - The committee is further empowered and directed to inquire and Mr. SMOOT. It would not make any difference what report report whether, and to what extent, such corporations or any of the it was if it was a rep01·t which ordinarily is printed by tbe officers thereof or anyone in their behalf or in behalf of any organi­ body issuing it. zation of which any such corporation may be a member, through the Mr. ROBINSO~ of Arkansas. Mr. President, may I ask the expenditure of money or through the control of the avenues of pub­ Senator from Nebraska to what the report relates, all(} whence licity have made any, and what effort to influence or control public it comes? opinion on account of municipal or public ownership of the means by Mr. HOWELL. It comes from the Federal Trade Commis­ which power is developed and electrical energy is generated and dis­ sion. It is a report on stock dividends. It was made in re­ tributed, or to influence or control elections. sponse to a resolution introduced by the senior ·senator from 'l'hat the said committee is hereby authorized to sit and perform its Nebraska [Mr. NoRRIS] of date of December 17, 1926. Thi~ duties at such times and places as it deems nece. sary or proper, and report was made on-the 5th day of December of this year. The to require the attendance of witnesses by subprenas or otherwise ; to commission has not the facilities to print the report, and I am require the production of books, papers, and documents ; and to em­ merely asking that it be printed as a document. ploy counsel, experts, and other assistants, and stenographers, at a Mr. ROBI~SON of Arkansas. M1·. Pre. ident, is it avail­ cost not exceeding $1.25 per printed page. The chairman of the com­ able for the use of the enate without printing? Is there any mittee, or any member thereof, may administer oaths to witnesses and way a Senator can get a copy of it without now making an sign subprenas for witnesses ; and every person duly summoned before order to print? said committee, or any subcommittee thereof, who refu es or fails to Mr. MOSES. In other words, was it ever printed under obey the process of said committee, or appears and refu es to answer the printing appropiration for the commission? questions pertinent to said investigation, shall be punished as pre­ Mr. HOWELL. rTo. scribed by law. The expenses of said investigation shall be paid from 1\ir. MOSES. Is there a letter of transmittal with it? the contingent fund of the Senate ou vouchers of the committee or Mr. HOWELL. I presume that there are enough copies subcommittee signed by the chairman and approved by the Committee of the report available, though I am not informed as to that, to Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate. to ·supply a reasonable number of Senators; but it is an im­ The committee, or any subcommittee thereof, is authorized to sit portant report, and it ought to be printed as a public document. dtwing the sessions or the recesses of the Senate, and until otberwi e Mr. ROBINSON of Arkansas. I have no objection to · the ordered by the Senate. request. · 1\lr. l\IOSES. 1\fr. President, may I ask the Senator from Mr. SMOOT. Mr. President, I objected to the request; but I 1\lonL'l.na if he would object to hanng the resolution referred in understand it t~ not a 1·eport of the affail's of the Federal the first instance to the Committee on Interstate Commercer Trade Commis~ion. From what the Senator has l"nid, it is a 1\lr. WALSH of Montana. I see no occasion whatever for report submitted to the Senate in respon e to a Senate resolu­ that. tion. Am I rorr~t? Mr. l\IOSES. The resolution is a long and somewhat involved Mr. HOWELL. Yes; that is correct. one; and it might be well to have some standing committee of Mr. SMOOT. Then I have no objection to its being printed. the Senate consider the merits of the various proposals con­ I thought from what the Senator said that it was a report tained in it, rather than to send it immediately to the Com­ of the Federal Trade Commission, but it is not; it is a report mittee to Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the from the Federal Trade Commission. Senate. Mr. HOWELL. To the Senate. l\fr. WALSH of Montana. I do not know any reason why 1\Ir. SMOOT. To the Senate. Therefore I do not object that subject could not as well be taken up on the floor. The Mr. ROBINSON of Arkansas. The Senator fi·om Nebraska resolution is merely a redraft of a resolution that I offered at stated, in answer to my question, that it was in re ponse to a · the last se sion of the Senate. I made a somewhat elaborate Senate r:esolution, and I felt that it should be printed. speech at the time, in which I attempted to set forth all of the Mr. SMOOT. I withdraw my objeetion to the request be­ reasons why this investigation should take place. cause of the statement of the Senator that it is in respo11 e Mr. MOSES. From the Senator's own point of Yiew. to a Senate resolution. 1\Ir. WALSH of Montana. From my point of view ; yes. I do Mr. BINGHAM. Would the Senator have any objection to not know any reason why the rna tter shoulu go to the com­ referring it to the Committee on Printing? _ mittee. I dare say that some of the Senators, at least, did me Mr. HOWELL. I do not think that is neces ary. It is a tlte ·honor to listen to my speech and perhaps read ·what I said. report to tbe Senate, and it ought to be printed as a public Mr. 1\lOSES. I did the Senator the honor to read it. document. 1927 CONGRESSIO~_A_L RECORD-SEN... i\.TE 789 The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the request 24 of the matter inserted by saicl amendment, after the word of the Senator from Nebraska? The Chair hears none, and the " Oklahoma," insert the following: "are authorized to execute report made in response to Senate Resolution 304, Sixty-ninth and" ; and the Senate agree to the same. Congress, second session, agreed to December 22, 1926, mil be Amendment numbered 21: That the House recede from its dis­ printed ns a document. agreement to the amendment of the Senate numbered 21, and REPORTS OF PUBLIC UTlLITIES agree to the same with au amendment as follows: Restore the 1\Ir. C.d.PPER. 1\!r. President, I ask unanimous consent for matter stricken out and at the end of the matter so restored, after the numerals "1925/' insert the following: " : PrO"L'ffled, an order for the printing of the annual report of the 10 public That the inmates of the United States Industrial Reformatory utilities of the District of Columbia, in accordance with the shall be employed only in the production and manufacture of u ual custom. supplies for the United States GO\el'lllllent, for consumption in 1\Ir. KING. 1\!ay I ask the Senator if the appropriation bill for thP District of Columbia does not can·y sufficient funds te> United States institution , and in duties necessary for the con~trnction and maintenance of the institution " ; and the meet the necessary requirement<:; of the Utilities Commis5ion? Senate agree to the same. 1\!r. CAPPER. It never has been handled in that way. For .Amendment numbered 3G: Tltat the House recede from it..~ years and years the reports have been printed in the manner disagreement to the amendment of the Senate numbered 35, and stated in my request. agree to the same with an amendment as follow : Omit aU of l\Ir. KING. That is undoubtedl.v true, but I tllought that the matter inserted by said amendment after the ·um $370,QOO; when we created the present Public Utilities Commission we and the Senate agree to the same. enlarged their powers and gave them a sufficient appropriation The committee of conference have not agreed on amendments to meet all legitimate demand::; for printing and otherwise of numbered 19, ::!3, 32, 33, 34, 36, and 37. that commission. Mr. CAPPER. I do not think it contemplated the printing F. E. W A.R.n.Er\, of these reports. CIURLES CURTIS, Mr. FLETCHER. Let us have the order read. LEE s. 0VERMA..C~, The VICE PRESIDENT. The Clerk will read. Managers on the part ot the Senate. The Chief Clerk read as follows: MARTIN B. MADDEN' WILL WOOD, or(le1·ed, That the annual reports of the following-named public R. utility companies in the District of Columbia, for the year ending JoSFJPH ,V. BntN , on tlte pa1·t of Hott.~e. December 31, 19!?6, heretofore transmitted to the Senate, be printed Managers t11-e / as a Senate document : Capital Traction Co., Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Co., George­ Mr. WARREN. I moYe the adoption of the report. town Barge, Dock, Elevator & Railway Co., Potomac Electric Power The VICE PRESIDENT. The question is on agreeing to the Co., Washington Gas Light Co., Georgetown Gas Light Co., Washing­ conference report. ton Railway & Electric Co., City and Suburuan Railway of Washington, 1.'he report was agreed to. Georgetown & Tennallytown Railway Co., and Washington Interurban Mr. BRUCE. Mr. President, with tlte permission of the chair­ Railroad Co. man of the Committee on Appropriations and the consent of tlle Senate, I should like to make a few observations on one of the Mr. KING. l\Ir. President, will the Senator object to the matters involved in this report. I feel that it is- my duty to order ·going over until Monday to enable us to ascertain myself and, what is more important. to my people that I should wlletlter or not provision has already been made? do so. I refer to the people of Baltimore city and of the State l\lr. CAPPER. I have no objection to its going over until of Maryland generally. :Monday. 'Yhen the World War came along the Government thought it The VICE PRESIDENT. The order will go over nutil Mon­ expedient to establi_,h an ammunition depot at Curtis Bay, on day. the southern boundary of the city of Baltimore, and there. for TAX REDUCTIO~ the purposes of the war, were stored vast quantities of high The bill (H. R. 1) to reduce and equalize taxation, provide explosives-T. N. T., tetrol, and the like--and great quantities of revenue, and for other purposes was read twice by its title black and smokeless powder. too. At the present time the:-,:e and referred to tlte Committee on Finance. explosives amount to some 16,800 tons in bulk, and to some HEARINGS ON FLOOD CONTROL $20.000,000 in value. The concunent resolution (H. Con. Res. 6) was referred to As I am informed, the purpose ~ for which this ammunition the Committee on Printing, as follows: depot wa estc'lblished were not . realized at the time by the people of Baltimore. They suppo:.:.ed that the structures the Resolved by the Hou-se of Representatit:e.s (the SMate concun·ing), Government was erecting were being erected for the assembling That in accordance with paragraph 3 of section 2 of the printing act, of airplane materials on an immenf:e scale, and therefore had approved :March 1, 1907, the Committee on Flood Control o! the no opportunity to prote~t against the storage of ammunition in House ot Representatives be, and is hereby, empowered to have printed, that locality, even if they had been disposed to do so. But it with illustrations, 3,000 additional copies of the hearings held before is hardly necessary for me to say, in the light of the military the committee during the Seventieth Congress, first ses ion, on the record that the pMple of Baltimore made for themselves during control of the destructive flood waters of the United States, of· which tile bombardment of Fort McHenry in 1814, the Re\olutionary the Public Printer shall deliver 1,400 copies to the folding room of the House of Representatives and 600 copies to the folding room of the War, and the World War, that e\en if they had known the Senate for equal apportionment to the Members of each House, respec­ object for which the depot was established they would not have tively, and 1,000 copies shall be delivered to the House folding room uttered any remonstrance whatever. At that tJme their patri­ and placed to the c1·edit of the Committee on Flood Control of the otic zeal was aroused to the highest degree and, like the people House of llepresentatives. of every other portion of the United States. they were prepared to make any and every sacrifice to bl'ing the l\orld War to a FIRST DEFICIENCY APPROPRIATIONS successful issue. Mr. WARREN submitted the following report: That war passed. Shortly afterwards full knowledge of the purposes for whicll the Curtis Bay depot was being used was The committee of conference on the disagreeing votes of tlte brought to the attention of the people of Baltimore, nncl they two Houses on the amendment<:; of the Senate to the bill (H. R. commenced to be ·eech-that is not too strong a word for the 5800) mah-ing appropriations to supply deficiencies in certain occasion-the National Government to remove at lea t the appropriations for the fiscal year ending June 30: 1928, and greater pa1·t of -the high explosives from that site. prior fiscal years, to provide supplemental appropriations for It is on the southern boundary of the city of Baltimore. the fiscal year ending June 30, 1928, and for other purposes, Right across the Patapsco from it is Fort McHenry. Near it having met, after full and free conference have agreed to recom­ are such great industrial plants as those of the Davison Chemi­ mend and do recommend to their re pective Houses as follows : cal Co., one of the largest manufacturers of sulphuric acid in That the Senate recede from its amendments numberecl 11, tbe world, and the United States Industrial Alcohol Co., and 28, 29, 30, 38, and 39. elevators and terminals of the Pennsylvania Railroad and the That the House recede from its disagreement to the amend­ Western Maryland Railroad Cos., to say nothing of ot11er ments of the Senate numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, important business. improvements. The city hall of Baltimore 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 31, and 40, and agree to itself is only 6 miles away, and at a much less di tance is the the Etarne. very heart of the great commercial intereEts of Baltimore. Amendment numbered 18: That the Bou e recede from its The board of inquiry that was organized by the Government disngrN:'ment to the amendment of the Senate numbered 18, afte-r the Picatinny and Lake Denmark explosions reported that and agree to the same with an amendment ns follows: In line for purposes of safety there should be a 2-mile zo_ne around· .790 CO:NGR.ESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE DECEMBER 17 every place where high explosh·es are stored by the Govern­ tional legislation or is H nece ~ary to have a special appro- ment. If that is true, were there to be a gen~ral .detonation of priation for that purpose? . the high explosives now at the Curtis Bay depot, terrible de­ Mr. BRUCE. The trouble is that each time that the House sti·uetion of property would follow not only in the CUrtis Bay Committee on Appropriations has met, Mr. MADD~, who is industrial district of Baltimore but at Canton, one of the most chairman of that committee and seems, for some reason or important of all the business sections of Baltimore, and in other other, to be actuated by a spirit of bitte.J;: partisanship in the business areas of Baltimore. Of course, I might mention also case, has produced before him Gen. Clarence C. Williams, Chief the destruction of homes and the fearful loss of life tbat would of .Ordnance of the -:Umy, and obtained from ~m testimony result from such an explosion. wh1ch has afforded hxm a pretext for his obstruction. At the Moved by the keen edge of this sword of Damocles per­ present session General Williams went so far as to use the petually suspended above their heads, the people of Baltimore followtng language with r~gard to the matter: in every possible way in which an appeal can be made by a Of C<>urse, there is an element of danger in those explosives, but we community to the humanity of the Government, to which it has do not consider that it is n Tery great danger. However, there is a. a ~·ight to look for protection, have besought the President, the danger. Director of the Budget, the Secretary of War, and Congress to extricate them from the frightful, the appalling situation in Note how lneasured this language is. · When the deficiency which they are involved. bill of last session came up General Williams said that the I am glad to say that, so far as the President is concerned, he danger was remote. Now he speaks in an entirely different promptly and generously responded to om appeal. He has· too tone-and why? Becau e since Congre adjourned last spring kind a heart not to have done so. The mayor of Baltimore there has been au explo ion at that depot. Thank.s to the God olicited his help, the Governor of Maryland went before him, of mercy, it did not lay flat a large part of our city and destroy I and my colleague, Senator Weller, went before him, the lead­ the lives of great numbers of our peo{lle, but this was on1y ing citizens of Baltimore City, including representatives of the because the explo ion took place at a comparatively isolated Baltimore As ociation of Commerce, went before him, and we point on the site. I was at my home at Ruxton, 9 miles out implored him to come to our rescue; and he did come to our from the city of Baltimore, when a reporter of the Baltimore rescue as fully as he had the power to do. He approved at the Sun called me up and said, "Senator, shells are going ott at last session of Congress an appropriation of upward of $800,000 the Curtis Bay depot." My feelings can readily be imagined for the r~oval. of the great mass of high explosives from the thoroughly familiar as I was with all the dangers which sur: Curtis Bay depot, and the Dil:ector of the Budget and the Secre­ rounded the depot. In all my life I do not think that my tary of War united in his approval. The recommendation came oul h!ls ever been tortured by such sensations of fear, anxiety, down to the House of Representatives, and there, for reasons and d1 tress as it was then, because I knew that some of the which it iS all but impossible for me to understand, the item foremost expert~ of the country employed by the mayor of which had been in erted in the deficiency bill of last session Baltimore and the Baltimore Association of Commerce had was disallowed by the House Committee on Appropriations, of testified that should a general explosion take place at the Curtis which Mr. M.ADDE~ is chairman. Bay depot a large part of the city of Baltimore would be laid When that bill reached the Senate I pre ented to the Senate low anrt hundreds of human lives extinguished. Committee on Approp1·iations the perilous predicament of Bal­ For all I knew, out in the country where I was at the time tilnore, anu it unanimously restored the item. Then ·the bill those frightful re ·ults were about to follow; ·that i. to ay, all became the ubjec~ of a conference between the two ):fo:uses, and of those gi'eat industrial plants and structures at Curtis Bay the Senate conferees insisting upon their amendment; the House were about to crumble into dust, and all those great com­ conferees finally acceded to it, but when the bill came back to mercial warehouses across the Patap co River were about to be th~ body with the item the bill perished in the filibuster which shattered. Not only that, for all I knew, trust companies and followed, and with it perished, of course, the item itself, . bank buildings, too, might be more or less demolished, with the When the present session came on representatives of the millions of dollars of securities and valuables in their vaults. people ,o{ ~Baltiinoi·e again appealed to the President and the Fortunately, as I have·said, this explosion, which took place Director of the Budget for an appropriation for the removal of on the 2-3d ·day of September last, occurred on a spot at the the high explosives from Curtis Bay. Again the P1;esident hon­ depot too isolated to be communicated to the main sh·uctures ored our appeal, though in a somewhat smaller amount. Again in ·Which the great bulk of the explosives are stored. So it is the Director of 'the Budget honored it. Again the Secretary of perfectly natural that General Williams, when he was put on War honored it in his estimates, as he had done at the last the stand at this session of Congress, should speak a very differ­ session of Congress. But again the Hou e Committee on Appro­ ent language from that which he spoke at the la t ses ion of pliations, under the lead of Mr. ~iADDE..~, disallowed the appl"o­ Congress. Then he . aid that the danger was remote. Now he priation, with the result that the deficiency bill of this session says, to I'epeat hi.s words : came over to us without it. But the Senate Committee on Of course," there is an element of danger in those explosives, but we .Appropriations restored the item. Then the deficiency bill of do not consider that it is a very great danger. However, there is a this session went to conference, and the mo t that our con­ danger. ferees could secure was a compromise between the Senate and Bouse conferees, pursuant to which there is to be a survey by I quote these words from page 461 of the Bouse hearings at Army and Navy officers, to be rendered not later than 1\.Iarch 15 thi" session. next, of the points of storage of supplies of ammunition and In 1925, when the peril threatened by the Cmtis Bay depot components thereof for the use of the Army and Navy, with was brought to the attention of the Assistant Secretary of War, special reference to the location of such ammunition and com­ Mr. Davi , now Secretary of War, his confident reply was that ponents as are in such proximity to populous communities and the value of their method of storage was reflected by the fact industrial areas as to constitute a menace to life and property. that not a single explosion or fire of any magnitude had oc­ For six years, with the most tense, the most distressing curred among World War stocks of ammunition on the ground anxiety, our people have been knocking at the door of the cen­ of any ordnance depot which re ulted in any damage. tral Government for relief. .As far back as 1919 a promise was Bardly were these words out of his mouth before those given to Senator John Walter Smith, of Maryland, and Mr. frightful el..'lJlosions took place at Lake Denmark and Picatinny Daniel Willard, president of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, Arsenal, which re ulted in the desh·uction of hundreds of that orders would be issued for the removal of certrun of tbe thousands of dollars worth of property and the lo s of many more dangerous explosives at the depot. In 19"20 Maj. Gen. lives. George W. Burr, Assistant Chief of Staff, in writing assured The Se.nator from New Jersey [Mr. EnaE] will correct me if Senator John Walter Smith, of Maryland, that 'the Ordnance I am in error in the statement that in New Jer ·ey they have Department of the Army .had taken steps to remove all the had explo.. :ions due to the storage of Army ammunition at T. N. T. and tetryl at the depot. I have omitted to say that the Raritan, near South or ~orth Amboy, at Toms River, and at Maryland Legislature, too, has adopted a resolution begging the Lake Denmark and Picatinny. I think that the latter are two Federal Go•ernment to relieve Baltimore of the menace to different points, are they not? · which it is exposed. · · ~Ir. EDGE. They are rn·o different points, but in very close Mr. FLETCHER. 1\fr. President, ·will the Senator allow an p1·oximity. interruption? ~Ir. BRUCE. So frightful was the effect of the explosion at Mr. BRUCE. Certainly. . Lake Denmark that the town of Xew Hope, 2 mHes away, was Mr. FLETCHER. If the Secretary of War i :3 in favor of the wrecked. removal of th~se explosive and everybody seems to want it, A · I :-:aid, 1Ir. MADDEN, for ~ orne rea on or other, has proved why does he not proceed to do it? Is it nece~;:;ary to have addi- himself to be, as I look at it, a blincl-1 was about to say 1927 CONGR.ESSIONAL RECORD-SEXATE 791 a passionate-partisan in this matter. He ignores all testi­ · I wish to take occasion to thank the Senate Committee on mony except that of General Williams. nnd · attaches no im­ Appropriations for the · spirit in which they have handled this portance to the great mass of testimony which fully contradicts· application for relief of the people of Baltimore. The~- have the s t atement~ of General Williams with regard to the degree done everything in their power to give us relief; they llave of danger created by the Curtis Bay depot. " I believe in my gone to every extremity to which they felt that they could soul," Mr. MADDEN declares, "that there is no menace, based properly go in order to assure it to us. on what the Chief of Ordnance has said " and he deprecates Our conferees have been compelled to accept the compromise the expense that the Government would incur in making Balti­ which I have mentioned. I have no faith in it. The report to more safe. If the explosives could not be removed to points be submitted is not to deal with Curtis Bay or with Raritan wllere there would be no danger to the people living in their especially, but it is to deal with the storage of Al.·my munition vicinity that would be a different situation. If we must have throughout the United States. However, I have no choke ammtmition, and its storage is inevitably attended with peril, except to submit tO the results that have been reached in the there is no reason, of course, why the people of Baltimore conference. All that I can do is to protest and to remonstrate should not incur that peril as justly as the people of any other and to say that I think that it is simply disgraceful that the community in the United States. But the testimony taken in prayer of our people for security has not been long ago heeded. the House hearings last year and again this year shows that the and that even now, when it is reluctantly heeded, is to be heeded Army has ammunition depots at different points in the United in such a begrudging, limited, and selfisll spirit· as it i . State where. if the Curtis Bay high explosives were stored, Suppose this petition were emanating from the city of Chi­ there would be no danger to the surrounding territory. One cago or from the city of Philadelphia or from the clty of Cleve­ is Fort Ogden, in the State of Utah. It is in a sparsely settled land or from the city of San Francisco OF from any other city community, 7 miles away from the town of Ogden. Then there in the land, under those circumstances I could not conceive of is Savanna, on the Mississippi River, in the.. northwest corner myself as being such a brute, so absolutely insensible to all the of Illinois. The Government ammunition depot there is seated generous impulses of human nature~ as to be unwilling to do on a Government tract of some 13,000 acres in a secluded everything in my power to bring such hazard as I have de­ region. scribed to an end. Not only i-; there that threat at Curtis Bav Tllere is another Army storage deoot situated on a Gov­ to existing business plants and to humHn life in Baltimore, but ernment tract of more than 850 acres, in South Carolina, which necessarily such conditions as those which prevail at Curtis Bay can not but chill the spirit of business enterpri~e and i 11 miles di~tant from Charleston, in a very thinly populated comiuunity. Then there is another storage point at Pig Point, progress in Baltimore and check the general growth of the 8 or 10 miles away from the town of Portsmouth, Ya., which is city. What company wants to spend thoru·ands or millions of situated on a Government tract of 650 acres. The country dollars in establishing another great plant at Curtis Bay or around Pig Point is quite thinly settled; I believe. within the radius of its dangers if it is to be daily or hourly I want to be perfectly accurate in every statement that I in peril of being totally destroyed by an explosion·: make. So far as Ogden is concerned, not a protest has come When the explosion took place la t ummer-one which from the people there. happily was not far-reaching in its effect-terrified men, women, and children, :fled from their homes in the Curti.· Bay ~!r. SWANSON. Does the Senator refer to Pig Point? lllr. BRUCE. No; to the depot at Ogden. locality; . and when some of the bolder citizens of Baltimore Mr. SWANSON. That is true as to Ogden. sought to find out what had caused the casu~ty, they fouml , Mr. BRUCE. - No protest has come from ·any individual at themselves practically facing _ the bayol}ets of the military that place. ·General Williams has so testified. The same thing authorities who denied them, and properly denied them, ad­ 1:3 true ns to Savanna, in the State of· lllinois, and whilst some mittance to the places of storage at the depot. inquiries have been made by the people of. Charleston and its All I have to add i. · to say to 1\lr. MADDES that if an ex­ vicinity with regard to the removal of munition to that plosion should occm· at Curtis Bu:y before any relief _shall he quarter, no remonstrance of any kind has come from them to given to the people· of .Baltimore, I commend to his perusal ..the the War Department. The·same thing is said by General Wil­ ol~ story of Cain and Abel, as it is told in the Book of Genesis : liams of Pig Point. He testifies that inquiries have come from And the Lord said unto Cain: Where is Abel, thy brother? And citizem; of that region in .regard to the proposed transfer of he said : I know not; am I my brother's keeper? ammunition to Pig Point, but that no - serious objection has And He said: What ha~ thou done? The voice o! ·thy brother's been raised_to the transfer. blood crieth unto Me from the ground. Mr. S'\\'" A....""\TSON. I have repeatedly received remonstrances And now ·art thou cursed .from the ea.rth, which hath opened her opposed to that proposition. They have a large supply of mouth to receive thy brother's blood from thy hand. · ammunition there. It is so large they have been 1·educing it, When thou tillest the ground, it shall not henceforth J'ield unto as it is dangerous to everything in that section. · I would not thee her strength ; a fugitive and a -vagabond shalt thou be in the ~onsent, if I had power enough to. prevent it, to have any bill earth. pass the Senate that would remove any more ammunition to . And Cain said unto the Lord, ~Iy punishment is greater than I the depot at Pig Point. I haTe aided the Senator in his effort can bear. to give relief to Baltilno1·e, but that relief to Baltimore should Behold, Thou hast driven me out this 'day from the face of the not l>e given by increasing the danger to other communities earth; and from Thy face shall I be hid; and I shall be a fugitive which already have more dangers than they ought to have. and a vagabond in the earth; and it shall come to pass that everyone I have been a~Rured that if a transfer shall be made, the that tl.ndeth me shall slay me. ammunition will not go to Pig Point, Va. Consequently, I have " Shall slay me," as Mr. M.ADDE~ will have slain many ot the aided Baltimore in every way I could. good people of our city-men, women, and children-to say 1\Jr. BRUCE. That is perfectly satisfactory to me. I know nothing of those industrial plants, warehouses, and homes the Senator i.· moved by nothing but perfectly proper motives which will have toppled to the ground and been abased in the about the matter. I am sure that he does not want Pig Point dust. · to be known as Hog Point because of mere local selfishness. Mr. WILLIS obta-ined the :floor. I am b01.md to admit that the least desirable one, for one rea­ l\Ir. EDGE. Mr. President-- son or another, of all the points of removal that I have men­ Mr. WILLIS. I yield to the Senator from New Jersey. tioned is Pig Point. So far as the other points of removal are Mr. EDGE. I thank the Senator. I merely wish to say a concerned, there is no objection on the part of the people, and Yet'y few words on the same subject touched upon by the Senator I do not think that there could well be any. from Maryland [Mr. BRucE]. Mr. SWANSON. I should like to say to the Senator that I The condition which the Senator from 1\Iardand has so have complete and full assurance that if the removal shall be vividly portrayed 1lS existing in Baltimore, in ·the State of made the depot will not go to Pig Point. Consequently, with Maryland, exists, I might say, fourfold in the State of New that as urance I have not interfered with the Senator in any Jersey. I use the term "fourfold," a that proportion is manner in his effort to secure the removal he desires. indicated by the appropiiations necessary to remove the ex­ Mr. BRUCE. Precisely. We do not want the depot remo-red plosives. As I recall, the Budget estimated-and the e timate to Pig Point. We are perfectly satisfied that it should not go wa · approved by the President-that a sum of upproximately there. But there is Ogden, for instance, which appears to have $2,100,000 would be required to remove the very high explo­ no objeetion to being made a point of removal. Of course, one sives, including T. N. T., the most dangerous type of high ex­ of the~e Army munition depots brings much business into a com­ plosive, from the Raritan Arsenal, N. J., to remote points iu munity, and a small town might well de il·e to have one located the country. I think the appropriation neces ary to remove nea1· it if due regard were paid by the Government to the safety similar explosives from Curtis Bay A1·senal is in tlle neigh­ of its people. JJor·hood of $300,000 or $-!00,000. I do not make that compalison 792 CONGR.ESSION AL RECORD-SENATE DECE~IBER 17 for any other reason in the world than to emphasize the ter­ Mr. WARREN. Mr. President~- rible .. ituation, as we view it, existing in the State of New Mr. WILLIS. I yield to the Senator from Wyoming. Jersey. • Mr. W .ARREN. I only desire to take a moment. .A. the Senator fi'Olll :\Iaryland has pointed out several times l\lr. WILLIS. I yield to the Senator. during the di ~cu ion, orne of the officers of the War Depart­ Mr. WARRE~. Mr. P~esident, this matter was brought up ment in their testimony seem to con ider the danger remote. near the end. of. last sessiOn. I became much interested in it. At the same tiiUe, in the State of New Jersey only a little more The Appropnatwns Committee of the Senate permitted it to than a year ago it wa not so remote when the depot at Lake come up without objection and go on the celebrated second Denmark and at the Picatinny Ar~enal~ located approximately deficiency bill, which later went down in the tumultuous endin"' 2 or 3 miles apart, or portions of them, at least, were destroyed of that ses"ion through filibustering. . "' by an explosion and twenty-odd lives were lost, as I recall, and ~ile this definite action was not proposed originally yet millions of dollars' wortll of Government and private property we mserted .these vari?us appropliation items freely ifl the were destroyed. Senate coiDIDlttee. I thmk this language, which compels Army I recognize, Mr. Pre •ident, that we must have locations for and Navy heads to lJ!OVe quickly and report quickly, will enable these explosives. I am sure New Jersey is as patriotic as any us to ~ke care of this matter later, perhaps in this Congress. other State and that all the States are equally patriotic and are I WI. ·h to say a word to my friend from Maryland [1\-Ir. BRUCE], whom I regard as one of the greatest lovers of justice p1·epared to assume their full share of responsibilities of this in thi.s body or in the Nation. While perhaps I may be guilty unattl'active nature. New Jersey has within its borders many ot usmg some word that has cau ed it, I think he is a little powder works~ and frequent explosions have occurred. A. num­ ber of g<>"vernmental activities of this character were located severe on our friend the chairman of the House committee, there during and shortly after the World War. We expected Mr. 1\llADnEN. I will say that while the House conferees ob­ jected point-blank-to the action of the Senate, Mr. !HADDEN in­ that to happen and we were ready for it. They were all a part terested himself at once to cooperate with us in some way to of our war contribution, but now to retain this appalling threat, provide for- carrying out the aim of the Senate; in fact, he was­ as it were, to public life and property, right in the midst of almost the author of something that they could do in the House congested sections, in my judgment, is absolutely illdefensible. that we could not do on this side under orir rules.. Again, from a bu. in~s standpoint there is no occasion for Mr. WILLIS. Mr. President, I desire to direct the attention tbL Congress years ago enacted legislation and approved an of the Senate very briefly to amendment numbered 21 and to appropriation to build storage houses for this type of explosive make some brief observations the1·eon, and then to ask a qu~ and other inflammable material in sedions that were remote of the Senator from Wyoming [~Jr. WARBEN]. from development. At an expense of several hundred thousand It will be recalled that when this bill was before the Senate dollars one was built in Utah. My information is that it is not it struck out, after somewhat extended discussion lines !l to used at all, or, if at all, only in a very slight degree; yet the 19, inclusive, on page 52, those lines containing the provision Government ha expended the money, and the storage house is that authorized the appropriation of $100 000 for the construc­ there, and explosives stored there would not be a menace to tion of a brick plant at the United States Reformatory at p.rivate property, because, from my information, there is not a Chillicothe, Ohio. village within 7 miles of the storage house. The conferees have provided, in amendment numbered 21, as Mr. COPELAND. Mr. PI·esident, will the Senator yield'? follows: Mr. EDGE. I yield. Mr. WILLIS. Mr. President~ I .do not want to lose my rights. That the House recede from its dis~<>reement to the amendment of tbe I think I have the floor, but I yield to the Senator from New Senate numbered 21, and agree to the same with an amendment, as fol­ York. · lows: Restore the matter sh·icken out, and at the end of the matter sa :\lr. COPELAND. If the Senator from Ohio will permit me restored, after the numerals " 1925,'' insert the following. to ask a question, what became of the project we had before Then follows, verbatim, the language of section 6 of the act the Naval .Affairs Committee? of Januru·y 7, 1925, that language being as follows: Mr. EDGE. I was just going to refer to that. .Also, the That the inmates of the United States Industrial Reformato1·y shall Navy have asked for a storage house in a section, as I under­ be employed only in the prouuction and manufacture of supplies for stand, likewise removed from ordinary municipal development, tbe United States Government, for consumption in United States out in the State of Nevada; and, if I am not mistaken, per­ institutions, and in duties necessary for the construction and main­ missive legislation was passed in the Senate at the last session ten8Jlce of the institution. in order to build such a storage house. Why should we spend the hundreds of thousands of dollars It will be recalled that when this matter was under dh;cus­ necessary to build these storage houses if we are still going sion a few days ago, the distinguished Senator from Wyomin"' to keep this explosive material in the midst of sections where [Mr. WARREN] expressed him..,elf as follow -I will read what development i rapid? The Raritan Arsenal in New Jersey, he said at that time so that there can be no doubt about it. from which it is sought to remove this material, is located ~t page 5.58. of the RECORD he n.sed this language, and I par­ within a couple of miles of th·e large city of New Brunswick. ticularly clesrre the attention of the Senator from Wyomin.,. tO' It is now being hemmed in all around ; there is practically a this. I had asked him whether he would accept an amend~ent town on every side of the arsenal excepting the river side. To providing that the brick to be manufactured at that reforma­ ~ave that arsenal in the midst of that growing population is tory should be used only in that institution'. The Senator from unfair to the people residing there, and in my judgment it is Wyoming then said : not good business from the standpoint of the Government. As to using the bricks at one institution, there may be a good many I want to express my appreciation of the earnest efforts that little build~gs that are connected in a way and yet are separate I know the conferees have made to have the amendment ap­ buildings; but, if I can do so in order, I should not object to an px·opriatjng money for removal, as unanimously adopted by amendment that would carry out the very.. idea that the chairman the Senate, retained in the bill. I can not understand at all of the House Appropriations Committee expressed in the House in the logic of the conferees on the part of the House. This his debate, near where the Senator is reading, where be was very reference to a committee, of coun.--e, is merely that type of com­ vehement in hls idea tbnt this brick should be for the use of penitentiary promise which means little, if anything. However, I want to buildings only and nothing else. give our conferees full credit. They have provided, in the Subsequentl:¥, on the same page, the distinguished Senator amendment which will shortly be read at the desk, tha:t a report from Wyoming very properly read what the chairman of tbe shall be made by this board of officers on the location of House committee had said, evidently to enforce the idea that explosives and where they should be removed not later than the bricks to be manufactured there were to be used only at It March 15, 1928. is that definite assurance that we will ~at institution. The Senator from Wyoming read the follow­ have a report before this session of Congress is apt to adjourn mg from the REcoru>. I will start with what was said by the that moves me to accept without further discussion the de­ gentleman :fl·om Texas, Mr. LANnAM : cision on the part of the conferees. I give notice now that on March 16, 1928, if the· report is Mr. LL'\'HAM. Let me ask the gentleman ir it is ~ntemplated that the not in, I shall demand the rep&rt, and that immediately fol­ brick to be manufactured in this plant sball be used at this institution? lowing that report if there is anything in it upon which we can Mr. MADDEN. Only. Mr. LA.''HA..M. Only; and not put in competition with outside brick base action~and I am sure no report could be brought to the attention of Congress except one that would recommend the manufacturers? removal of these explosives--! shall ask for an appropriation in lli. li.ADDEN. That is it. It is a humanitarian proposition. some appropriation bill during the present session of Congress The qne~on I desire to submit to the able Senator from that will direct the remorul of this menace. Wyoming is this : Is it the underst.anding, then, based upon ~------~------

1927 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 793 that statement, that this provision extends, as the chairman of amendment, and it was considered by unanimous consent and the House committee said, only to the manufacture of brick for agreed to, a~ follows : the completion of that institution and for the construction of Resowed, by the House of Representati~;es (tlle Senate concuning), the necessary buildings of that institution 1 Is that the under­ That when the two Ho.uses adjourn on Wednesday, December 21, 1927, standing of the chah·man? they stand adjourned until 12 o'clock meridian, January 4, 1928. Mr. WARREN. It is not only my understanding, but I fully believe the institution would not be permitted, under this pro­ REGEJ.~T OF THE S.MITHSONIA.."\ INSTITUTION posed legislation, to do otherwise. I will say to the Senator Mr. FESS. I ask unanimous consent to submit a report from that I am just as well satisfied as I was when I said at an the Committee on the Library. earlier date that all I wanted done was to confine the manu­ The PRESIDING .OFFICER (Mr. BRATTON in the chair). facture and use of this brick to the one institution where these Without objection, the report will be received. convicts are incarcerated, not for the purpose of competing Mr. FESS. From the Committee on the Library I report a with the market in any way, but because, for the good of the joint resolution and a§k unanimou consent for its present morals and the health and general improvement of those con­ consideration. victs, they must be in some way kept at that or some other The joint ~esolution (S. J. Res. 49) providing for the filling industry. of a vacancy in the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian In­ Mr. WILLIS. Mr. President, in view of the statement the stitution of the class other than Members of Congress was read Senator has made, and in view of the fact that this is a great the first time by its title and the second time at length, as appropriation bill with very many important provisions, I do follows: not feel inclined to oppose its passage, though I should very much have preferred if the Senate provision could have been Resolved, etc., That the vacancy in the Board of Regents of the accepted and this language stricken out. In view, however, of Smithsonian Institution of the class other than Members of Congress, the assurance that comes from the distinguished Senator from which now exists, be filled by the appointment of John Campbell Wyoming that it is the understanding that the bricks made Merriam, of the District of Columbia. here shall be used only in this institution for the purpose of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there objection to the constructing the necessary buildings in this institution, and present consideration of the joint resolution? upon the assurance from the chairman of the House committee There being no objection, the joint resolution was considered which I have just read, I shall not further oppose the passage as in Committee of the Whole. of the bill. The joint resolution was reported to the Senate without Mr. WARREN. Mr. President, I do not see at this moment amendment, ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the junior Senator from Nebraska [Mr. HoWELL] _in his seat. the third time, and passed. I believe he wanted to say a word in relation to the proposed appropriation for the Cape Cod Canal. ARMISTICE DAY A NATIONAL HOLIDAY A year ago I was in agreement with the Senator in adding Mr. MAYFIELD. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent ti."re and one-half millions or six millions to the proposed appro­ for the immediate consideration of Senate Joint Resolution 25, priation for purchasing the bonds and other evidences of in­ to declare the 11th day of November, celebrated and known as debtedness of the canal; but information afterwards reached me, Armistice Day, a legal public holiday, along the same lines as it reached Members on the House side, that it was too early that other days have been declared legal holidays by the to accomplish what was wished for in the interest .of the canal. Congress. Hence we differed on the floor the other day as to the imme­ The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. JONES of Washington in diate ~se of this money. I made a point of order, which was the chair). Is there objection to the immediate consideration overruled, and the Senator put the matter to the Senate, and of the joint resolution? I was further overrUled. Since then, however, the matter has 1\fr. BORAH. How many legal holidays have we now? come up in such a way that I think we are in perfect agree­ Mr. MAYFIELD. I do not know, but I know that November ment, because I wish to do just what the Senator wishes to do, 11-armistice day-is not a legal holiday, and all the posts and with the information we now have I believe it can be of the American Legion over the country have passed resolu­ safely and well accomplished, probably before the end of this tions requesting that it be made such. I ~ill appreciate it if Congress. It is, however, one of those things that the Govern­ the Senate will pass the joint resolution at this time. ment has loaned its credit to, and prepared a contract which Mr. BORAH. Mr. President, I am opposed to our creating is being lived up to, but which is not ready to close, and ulti­ any more legal holidays, unless there is a most exceptional mately it will take more money than we have appropriated. occasion for so doing. It seems to me we can properly show The money already appropriated is not fully used--in fact, very our respect for this day without making it a legal holiday. little of it so far-so that I do believe it is wise to wait. I once heard an eminent scholar say when one of the great I move to agree to the amendment of the House to amend­ powers of Europe fell from a first-class to a fourth-class power, _ ment of the Senate numbered 32. it had finally created 93 holidays. The motion was agreed to. 1\Ir. MAYFIELD. Mr. President, if the Senator will let this 1\Ir. WARREN. I move to recede from amendments numbered one go through, I promise that I will not offer any more. 19, 36, and 37. They refer to the same subject, different store­ . Mr. CURTIS. Mr. President, I have no objection personally houses and arsenals put over for this examination. to the joint resolution at this time, but I understand it bas The motion was agreed to. not gone to a committee. At the last session we agreed that PAY OF EMPLOYEES all joint resolutions and bills should go to committee first, and Mr. WARREN. Mr. President, I report back favorably from I hope the Senator from Texas will not ask us to deviate from the Committee on Appropriations the resolution (H. J . .Res. 92) that rule. authorizing the payment of salaries of the officers and em­ Mr. MAYFIELD. The Senator from Ohio [Mr. FEss] had ployees of Congress December, 1927, on the 20th day of one passed just before I called up this joint resolution. that month, and I ask for its immediate consideration. Mr. CURTIS. That was reported from a committee. The There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the Senator from Texas can get a report on his measure by 1\Ion­ Whole, proceeded to consider the joint resolution, which was day, and I hope he will agree to that, hecause I would dislike read, as follow:s : to see the rule which we adopted violated. If we violate it or That the Secretary of the Senate and the Clerk of the House of waive it in one case, we shall have to do so in others. It will Representntivt-s are authorized and directed to pay to the officers and be only nvo days longer, if the Senator will wait until Monday, employees of the Senate and House of Representatives, including tbe and I ask that it may go to the appropriate committee. Cnpitol police, tile office of legislative counsel, and employees paid on Mr. MAYFIELD. If it is to be sent to a committee it iSI vouchers under authority of resolutions, their respective salaries for immaterial to me where it is sent, because I do not suppose we the month of December, 1927, on tbe 20th day of that month. shall ever hear of it again. Mr. BORAH. This is a more important matter than I be- The joint resolution was reported to the Senate without lie-ve the Senator realizes. Let us take time to consider it. amendment, ordered to a third reading, read the third time, and Mr. MAYFIELD. Do I understand the Senator to object? pas: eel. Mr. BORAH. It seems so. HOLIDAY RECESS Mr. MAYFIELD. Is it so? 1\lr. W ARREX, from the Committee on Appropriations, to Mr. BORAH. Yes; it is. which was referrt-d the concurrent resolution (H. Con. Res. 8) The PRESIDING OFFICER. If tht-re is no objection, the prodding for a holiday recess, reported it favora,bly without joint resolution will be referred to the .Judiciary Committee. 794 CONGRESSIO:NAL RECORD-SENj._TE DECE~IBER 17 l 1\Ir. MAYFIELD. The Chair said, "If there is no objection." Some of the partners, equipped by ,pecial abilities, carry more of the Should not the inquiry be, " Is there objection to its consider­ burden than others. J . P. Morgan, Thomas W. Lamont, and Mr. Morrow ation?" haTe been the three associated by the financial world with the major The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objection has been made to its operations and policies of the banking firm. Russell C. Leffingwell, considers tion. also a lawyer. is a newer partner, and Thomas Cocliran and George :Mr. 1\IAYFIELD. Very well. Whitney are supposed to be actiYe chiefly in conne<-tion with the The PRESIDING OFFICER. . The joint resolution will be Morgan interests in dome~tlc industrial co1·porations. Mr. Morrow re-referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. has been one of the wheel horses in the Morgan international banking activities, to which the firm has given an increasingly large proportion EXECUTIVE SE'SSIO::\' of its attention, as well as in its railroad and industrial corporation · Mr. CURTIS. I move that the Senate proceed to the con­ connect:i ons. sideration of executive business. The list of directorates from which Mr. Morrow withdraws in leav­ The motion waiS ag1·eed to, and the Senate proceeded to the ing the Street is not impressive. Neither, for that matter, is the consid ration of executive business. After one hour spent in list of directorates of any other partner. On January 3 , 1914, the exteuti-ve session the doors were reopened. l\forgan firm publicly announced the withdrawal {)f the members from I!'iTERNA.TIONAL RADIOTELEGRAPH CO:'\vE--TION scores of directorates, such as the New York Central, .American Tele­ phone & Telegraph, and others, the statement asserting that " the in­ On motion of Mr. BoRAH, and by unanimous consent, the necessity of attending many board meetings has been so serious a junction of secrecy waN removed from the International Radio­ burden upon our time." Mr. Morrow bas lately been a director on telegraph Convention and General and Supplementary Regula­ only six boards-Bankers' Trust Co., Foreign Finance Corporation, tions Relating Thereto, transmitted by a mes-·age from the General Electric Co., International General Electric Co. (Inc.), National President of the United States on December 12, 1927. Broadcasting Co. (Inc.), and Palisade Trust & Guarantee Co., Engle­ DWIGHT Willrn-EY MORROW wood, N.J. Mr. ODDIE. Mr. President, I a~k to have printed in the Mr. Morrow withdrew from the Morgan partnership on SeptembeT REcoRD an article by Proctor Hall, p·1blished in the New York 30. His interest in the firm was liquidated; he accepted payment in Times magazine on October 16, 1927, relative to Dwight full for it. The partnership agreement of the Morgan firm contains a - Whitney 1\Iorrow, the American ambassador to Mexico. paragraph to the effect that the estate of a deceased member must The \ICE PRESIDENT. ln the ab. ence of objection, it accept without question whatever valuation the firm puts upon the will be so ordered. partnership at the time of death. No estimate of what Mr. Morrow The article I'eferred to is as follows : received can be "'made with any authority. But in leaving the house of Morgan, with which he had been since 1914, Mr. Morrow severed MORROW TAKES ON OUR KNOTTIEST JOB-TO HIS .M!SSIO'"' IX MEXICO more than a mere business association. The relations of the partners THE N'EW AMBASSADOR BRINGS AN ANALYTICAL Mum .A...'\0 A GREAT are peculiarly personal and close, a.nd men such as Mr. Morgan, Mr. CAPACITY FOR WORK Morrow, and Mr. Lamont feel it so. By Proctor Hall Mr. Morrow's desk was in the row of partners on the Broad Street DWight Whitney Morrow will soon pt·esent his credentials in Mexico side of the first floor of 23 Wall Street-his was inside the partitioned City as American -ambassador to undertake the solution of the most inclosure with Mr. Morgan's and Mr. Lamont's-and his office was difficult problem that has confro.nted a diplomatic representative of the on the second floor on the Wall Street side. A visitor mlght think United States in recent years. From a personal standpoint it is a new that these daPk paneled offices with open fireplaces were the libraries test in a new field for a man whose career up to this time has been in private homes. One partner sits in an armchair at a refectory table, extraordinarily successful. Not only because of the wejghty issues with leaded casements of tall bookcases behind him. On the table the involved, but also because of the challenge of the man and the task, portfolios of papers, tied with ribbons, might be manuscripts instead of the result will be watched with the closest interest. files of decoded cables, corporation statements, and contracts. The selection of Mr. Morrow by President Coolidge was a personal Mr. Morrow's office was plainer. He never has been greatly inter­ appointment-with a difference. Ordinarily personal appointments are ested in appearances-even in his own, for that matter. He is intent one of the items entered on the debit side. They carry with them the only on what is going on in his mind. O.ne had but to i.nterview him implication that the appointing Executive might well have gone further, there, to listen to him, as he sat on the leather-covered sofa, one leg beyond the circle of his friends, and found one more fit for the job. doubled under him, explain all the details of something about Amherst They are excused as one of the prices paid in electing any human being College, the Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor, tbe to an executive office. Interborough Rapid Transit situation, or the wide distribution of for­ The personal appointment of Mr. Morrow, on the other hand, was a eign bonds among investors, to realize what concenh·ation of mind and case in which the long friendship of Mr. Coolidge for the lawyer­ labors bad gone on in this man's brain in this setting. In many re­ financier gave the Pr~sident a leveJ.• by which he could lift a man pre­ spects l\Ir. Morrow impressed one as being the most intellectually active eminently fit fl(om such an entrenched position as a partnership in J. P. man in the financial world. Morgan & Co. H ere was a personal choice which reached np~ not A man small in height but with head and brow large and very well down. proportioned; firm, chiseled face; eyes clear and keen-Mr. Morrow is a. It is altog tber probable that no other President except Mr. Coolidge figure of whom one takes notice. His voice is strong. He talks rapidly, could have per. uaded Mr. Morrow to take the ambassadorship. Mr. not smoothly, but always explicitly. If a listener restates something Morrow bas given gene1·ously of his time and abilities to public services, not quite correctly, Mr. Morrow is not content to leave it so. He and it is known ha cherished a wish to devote himself entirely to some phrases it right. One is convinced after bearing Mr. Morrow expound task in this field. The circumstance that the President of the United a situation that here is a man who bas mastered every detail thor­ States, his friend of yea1·s, was faced in our relations with Mexico with oughly, put it in order in his mind, and worked out the undel'lying a long-standing problem of enormous importance and intricacy, was the principles as well. He is an attentive listener so long as the informa­ special event which led to Mr. Morrow's retirement from the Morgan. tion which he is getting is ,what he wants and at a pace to satisfy his partnership. And the problem, too, is one of which he has intimate active mind. He knows how to search out ssemble information. knowledge. l\Ir. :Morrow's financial and busiDess e:q>erience fit him especially well Mexico City bas exhibited the liveliest curiosity concerning the new to grapple with the vexed questions in these fields involved in our ambassador. If it will relieve President Calles's suspense, be may as Mexican relations-and these questions are many and important. A well know that the differences between l.Iexico and the United States number of persons, however, will ask whether the able Mr. Morrow is are now to be tackled by a man who will m:l ke all previous ambassadors diplomatic in a trying situation. · seem as if they bad been toying with our diplomatic exchanges. The The answer is that he bas accomplished notable things in the many United States baa been represented in Mexico City by men of good public services he has rendered, and these are proof that 1\lr. Morrow is caliber, but never by one of Air. Morrow's ability, energy, and capacity successful in mannet· as well as in results. Perhaps his outstanding for this particular task. Calles will know very shortly after the new public service was his work as adviser to the Allied Maritime Transport ambassador presents his credentials that a new order bas been estab­ Council in London fr()m February to December, 1918. It is a well­ lished. shared secret that the difficult work of this war organization in alloting The :Mexican Presiuent wiH find it impossible not to like Mr. Yorrow, tonnage had not b~en made easier by the attitude of openly expressed not to admire him. Mr. Morrow Will be patient, diplomatic, pretty suspicion· of other allies on the part of certain American representatives. careful of Mexican sensibilities aud ways of doing things. But the M1·. Morrow was quick to see the danger in. the feelings aroused; he pressure will be constant. Morning, noon, and night tbe ambassador straightened out an ug]y. situation with tact and dispatch. There was will be mastering the problem, piecing it together, getting a little for­ a noticeably better feeling in London for his having been there. ward with the job. Working with Mr. M"orrow on a bard task is never President .Calles might well ask his ambassador in London to make a recommended as a rest cure or for one who likes sl1ort hours. · full report on Mr. blonow's work in this one ta.sk. It was for this Mr. Morrow was one of the ranking part.ners of the boru;e of Morgan. and for his labors on the Military Boartl of Allied Supply that he was The enormous load of responsibilities and labors can not be equally award~d the distinguished-service medal. There need be no fear in distributed at 23 Wall Street any more than in _ !l.~~er _ pa~nersbips. Mexico City that Mr. Morrow does not grasp the human equation in a.ey, 1927 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 795 situation, or that he is not appreciative of the value of friendly good example, his speech at Chicago on foreign loans, delivered April 23, nature in reaching Ws goal. His sense of humor is as keen as his 1926, in which be declared that there was no warrant 1n American insight: history for the use of armed forces to collect a debt ; and his article The troubled situation at Amherflt College which led to Dr. Alexander in Foreign Atiairs on the distribution of foreign government bonds Meiklejohn's resignation as president bore heavily on Mr. Morrow's time among in>estors in the United States, together with his series of and patience. He was a trustee of his alma mater. The outside world 10 newspaper articles published in 1919 under the title "The Society of had the impression that what led up to the final act in that drama Free Nations," reviewing the attempts to bring about leagues of peace was a matter of a few months. 1\Ir. Morrow and the other trustees and discussing the plan of the Peace Conference's League of Nations tried earnestly to save for Amherst students the values of a personal Committee, of which Woodrow Wilson was chairma;n. -leadership and stimulation which they correctly estimated. Fbr five Mexico can take pride in knowing that no man ever before gave up years the trustees, guided entirely by Mr. Morrow, bad tried to work so much to accept any ambassadorship as Mr. M'orrow is doing at the out a solution for a problem which yearly grew more impossible. If call of President Coolidge. Mr. Morrow has not lost the quality of patience which he showed in Some news reports at the time of the appointment stated that no other that case, our diplomatic relations will be fortunate. partner in J. P. Morgan & Co. had ever retired. Several have done so, 1\ir. Mortow is not given to the use of ultimatums or force. His and one went into the sphere of diploml!,cy. Robert Bacon, who resigned power is persuasion by force of fact and argument. The writer re­ in 1903, later was Secretary of State and ambassador to France. But members long Saturday afternoons spent with Mr. Morrow in 1917, Mr. Morrow's action really sets a precedent. And the moti>e behind when he was chairman of the Prison Inquiry Commission of New Jersey, his action, well-informed friends believe, is his genuine desire to devote the first of his notable public service . Murder and torture had been his life to public serrice. committed in the prisons and mismanagement was universal. To a TAX REDUCTIO~ newspaper man it seemed necessary that indinduals be punished after Mr. SMOOT. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that public trial in order to arouse public opinion in the State to demand a there may be printed at the end of the revenue bill (H. R. 1) clearing up. as received from the House to-day two parallel reference tables Mr. Morrow was not willing to let the chances of real reform rest, as showing where may be found the sections of the old law from be saw it, upon the outcome of trials in which proof would not be which the sections of the bill have been taken and also where easy. He was intent upon framing new laws, .a new organization, and the sections of the old law appear in the new bill. he counted upon fact and reason to put over what be wanted. He sum­ The VICE PRESIDEKT. Without objection, it is so ordered. moned experts to help him. On Saturday afternoons a telephone mes­ sage from the Knickerbocker County Club frequently would come to ADJOURNMENT remind him of a foursome match he had forgotten while be was work­ Mr. CURTIS. I move that the Senate adjourn. ing a way on prison reform. And generally the street lights were on The motion was agreed to, and (at 2 o'clock and 50 minutes before he called it a day and bundled up some papers to take home. p. m.) the Senate adjourned until Monday: December 19, 1927, If any one Morgan partner bas bad to put the firm cat out on leaving at 12 o'clock meridian. for the night more often than any other, that one probably is Mr. Morrow. NOMINA'l;'IONS man He is a shining example of the truth that a busy has most Executive nominations 1·eceit~ed by the Senate December 17, time to give to outside demands upon him. The extra tasks which Mr. 1927 Morrow has shouldered have not been merely those treasureisbips of good causes which can be managed by a secretary. Most stories con­ MEMBERS OF THE FEDERAL RADIO COMMISSION cerning men like 1\Ir. Morrow are apocryphal, but it is said that Mr. Orestes H. Caldwell, of New York, to be a member of the Morgan once remarked to him : "Dwight, I will personally give you Federal Radio Commission for a term of five years from Feb­ $100,000 if you will resign as trustee of Amherst." lie did not. He ruary 23, 1927, to which office be was appointed during the last gave a great deal of time to the war-savings campaign, to the Associa­ recess of the Senate. tion for Improving the Condition of the Poor, as a worker on the board Harold A. Lafount, of Utah, to be a member of the Federal and not a mere name to decorate the letterhead. He consolidated the Radio· Commission for the unexpired term of two years from charitable agencies in the town where be live -Englewood. He never February 23, 1927, to which office he was appointed during has as::;ociated himself with anything a a figurehead. In every move­ the last recess of the Senate vice John F. Dillon. ment to which be bas lent his name he bn · been a hat·d worker, and he Sam Pickard, of Kansas, to be a member of the Federal bas left everything better for concentrating his constructive mind Radio Commis ·ion for the unexpired term of thre·e years from upon it. February 23, 1927, to which office he was appointed during President Coolidge named him chairman of the Aircraft Board in the last recess of the Senate vice Henry A. Bellows. 1925 to study the Nation's aeronautical needs, particularly with refer­ Garland S. Ferguson, jr., of North Carolina, to be a Federal ence to the Army and Nnvy. Mr. Morrow's conduct of that inquiry trade commissioner for a term of sev·en years from September was quick and thorough. He took the froth and fury out of wild 26, 1927, to which office he was appointed during the last charges and proposals which had followed the resignation of General recess of the Senate vice John F. Nugent. Mitchell, drew information from witnesses expeditiously, and prepared CONSULAR OFFICER AND SECRETARY IN THE DIPLOMATIC SERviCE a thorough, well-planned report along sound lines. Thomas M. Wilson, of Tennessee, now a Foreign Service It was President Coolidge's long personal friendship which enabled officer of class 4 and a consular officer with the rank of him to call on Mr. Morrow for the time-taking job of the Aircraft consul, to be a consular officer with the rank of consul general Board. They were classmates at Amherst, graduated in 1895. When and also a secretary in the Diplomatic Service of the United the students came to vote for the man most likely to succeed in life States of America. almost every one voted for Morrow. Coolidge got one vote-Morrow's. APPOINTME~T IN THE REGULAR ARMY The friendskip which has existed between these two men since those days bas not been an intimate one of frequent contacts; but they have MEDICAL ADMINISTR.ATIVE CORPS met through tbe years, and their esteem for one another bas strength­ To be second lieutenant ened. 1\fr. Morrow is amusing in describing his conviction that the Staff Sergeant Charles Lawrence Driscoll, Medical Depart­ ri&e ·Of 1\Ir. Coolidge from selectman to legislator, to governor, to Vice ment, with rank from December 2, 1927. President, and then to President was inevitable, a progress which no APPOINTMENT, BY TRANSFER., IN THE REGULAR ARMY earthly force could avert. 1\Ir. Morrow worked to pay his way through Amherst. His father TO QUARTERMASTER CORPS had been president of Marshall College-no surplus funds in his small Major Sumner McBee Williams, Cavalry, with rank from budget for college educations for his sons. After Amherst, Dwight July l, 1920. Morrow studied law at Columbia, again paying his way by tutoring PROMOTIONS IN THE REGULAR ARMY and other jobs. Upon graduation he obtained a place with Simpson, To be lieutenant colonel Thacher & Bartlett. Law firms in those days were far from being Maj. Walton Good\\in, jr., Cavalry, from December 10, 1927. worried over what their clerks did with the rest of their $6 a week To be rna}or after meeting the expenses o:f living. But Morrow attracted attention by the quality and the amount of his work. He was summoned from Capt. Winchell Ivan Rasor, Signal Corps, from December 10, Simpson, Thacher & Bartlett to 23 Wall Street in 1914. 1927. . Mr. Morrow is a scholar, a man of liberal and original mind. In :ro be captains presenting him for the degree of doctor of laws at Princeton, Dean First Lieut. Thomas Reed Holmes, Infantry, from December West summed up his life: "It is the story of a quick, deep, and reso­ 6, 1927. lute mind, well trained . to sound judgment and stl·aight action." To First Lieut. Nicholas Dodge V\.,.oouward, Infantry, from De­ understand the breadth and de-pth of his mind, one should read, for cember 7, 1927. 796 CONGR.ESSI-ON.A.L R.ECORD-SENATE DECE~IBER t 7' First Lieut. Edgar William King, Coast Artillery Corps, from David McK. Key. Clarence E. :Macy. December 7, 19"27. · Julius G. Lay. William J. McCafferty. First Lieut. Riley Edward McGarraugh, Coast Artillery David B. Macgowan. Corps, from December 8, 1927. . First Lieut. Allan Preston Bruner, Coast Artillery Corps, VICE CONSULS OF C.AREER. from December 8, 1921. . Glenn A. Abbey. Cloyce K. Huston. First Lieut. Egbert Frank Bullene, Ca'\"alr)•, from December George M. Abbott. Perry X Jester. 9, 1927. . George D. Andrews, jr. James C. King. First Lieut. Mark Gerald Brislawn, Infantry, from December Franklin B. Atwood. George D. LaMont. 10, 1927. . La Verne Baldwin. Bruce Lancaster. To be first lie-utenants James C. H. Bonbrigbt. Charles A. Page. Sidney H. Browne, jr. Second Lieut. John Wesley Warren, Air Corps, from :pecem­ J". Randolph Robinson. Gordon L. Burke. AJan S. Rogers. ber 4, 1927. Vinton Chapin. Albert W. Scott. Second Lieut. Isidore Sass, Signal Corps, from December 6, Paul c: Daniels. Roger Sumner. 1927. Gerald A. Drew. John T. Wainwright. Second Lieut. Einar Bernard Gjelsteen, Field Artillery, from Fayette J. Flexer. Thomas C. Wasson. December 7, 1927. Landreth l\1. Harrison. Clifton R. Wharton. Second Lieut. -nTilliam Elgie Carraway, Infantry, from De- Knowlton V. Hicks. Miss Frances E. Willis. cember 7, 1927. . Terry S. Hinkle. George H. Winters. Second Lieut. John Mark Pesek, Infantry, from December 8, 1927. FOR&IG~ SER~IOE OFFICER Second Lieut. Herbert Bronson Enderton, Field Artillery, Class I :fl·om December 8, 1927. Second Lieut. John Battle Horton, Field Artillery, from De­ Norman Armour. DeWitt C. Poole. cember 8, 1927. Homer M. Byington. Second Lieut. Jo eph Leander Hardin, Field Artille1·y, from Class II December 9, 1927. ·. Ray Atherton. George S. Me ·ersmith. Second Lieut. Carter Bowie Magruder, Field ·Artillery, from John K. Caldwell. Stokeley W. Morgan. December 9, 1927. Louis G. Dreyfus, jr. Edwin L .. Neville. ~econd Lieut. William Joseph D'Espino a, Field Artillery, Matthew E. Hanna. from December 10, 1927. Olass III VETERINARY CORPS To be liettten..ant colonel Hamilton C. Claiborne. Frank C. Lee. Felix Cole. Keith Merrill. Maj. James Reid Shand, Veterinary Corps, from December 11, George K. Donald. James B. Stewart. 1927. J. Klahr Hmldle. CONFIRMATIONS Cl-ass IV E:rec-nt·i1;e nominat,ions confirmed by the Senate December 11, Chal"les R. Cameron. Wallace S. Murray. 1921 H. Merle Cochran. Lowell C. Pinkerton. John K. Davis. A SISTANT SECRETARY OF CoMMERCE Elbridge D. Rand. ...llfred W. Don~an. Emil Sauer. Walter F. Brown. Graham H. Kemper. S. Pinkney Tuck. GOVEIL."\OR. GE.i\-mAL OF THE PHILIPPINE IsLAKDS Leland B. Morri . Henry L. Stimson. Cla-ss V THE JUDICIARY Charles H. Albrecht. Jo eph F. McGurk. M.ARSHAL .Algar E. Carleton. John F. Simmons. Martin Brown, we tern district of 1\lichigan. Monnett B. Davis. Clarence J. Spiker. ll\~XRNAL REVENUE SERVICE Dudley G. Dwyre. George Wad worth. Jay C. Huston. Henry M. Wolcott. COLLEOTOR. OF INTER~AL REVENUE Edwin Carl Kemp. John R. Roger , fifth district of New Jersey. Olass VI STATE DEPARTMENT Maynard B. Barnes. John R. Minter. UNDERSIOORETA.RY OF ST.ATJ.l Richard F. Boyce. R obert E. Olds. Robert D. :Murphy. George L. Brandt. Orsen N. Nielsen. ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF STATZ Harry E. Carlson. H. Earle Russell. Nel on T. Johnson. James G. Carter. Rudolf E. Schoenfeld. 7 DIPLOJ.I.£ATIO A::'ID Co:xsUL.AR. SERVICE Nathaniel P. Davis. " illiam H. Taylor. Hooker A. Doolittle. Henry C. von Struve. .AMBASSADORS EXTRAORDINARY AND PL~IPOTEXTI.ARY Hugh S. Fullerton. Egmont C. von Tresckow. Dwight W. Morrow, to 1\Iexieo. Jack Dewey Bicker on. Harry L. Walsh. Noble Brandon Judah, to Cuba. Robert B. Macatee. Bartley F. Yost. MI~ISTER RESIDENT Al\1> CONSUL GEXERAL Olass VII W'illiam T. Francis, to Liberia. Willard L. Beaulac. J. Lee Murphy. CONSULS G~Jm.AL Hiram A. Boucher. Earl L. Packer. Coert du Bois. Leo J. Keena. Lewis V. Boyle. Walter S. Reineck. Cornelius Ferri . Frank C. Lee-. Reginald S. Castleman. Leo D. Sturgeon. Charles L. Hoo'\"er. Irving N. Linnell. Stillmnn W. Eells. Harold S. Tewell. CONSUJ,S .Augustin W. Ferrin. Frederick L. Thomas. 1\Iaurice W. Altaffer. J obn J. Muccio. Robert Y. Jar'\"is. Harold Shantz. Russell l\1. Brooks. Julian L. Pinkerton. Thomas McEnelly. William EJ. DeCourcy. William W. Schott. Class VIII Charles H. Derry. Edward ID. Silver, . Robert Lacy Smyth. Maurice W. Altaffer. Julian L. Pinkerton. Peter H. A. Flood. Russell l\I. Brooks. George Gregg Fuller. Edwin F. Stanton. William W. Schott. William E. De Courcy. Edward E. Silvers. Mason Turner. Ander. on Dana Hodgdon. Cbal'les H. Den·y. Robert Lacy Smyth. Alan T. Hurd. Frederik van den Arend. Peter H. A. Flood. Edwin F. Stanton. SECRETARIES George Gregg Fuller. ::\Iason Turner. Charles A. Bay. John K. Davis. Anderson Dana Hodgdon. Freclerik van den Arend. Willard L. Beaulac. Durwa1·d Grin. tead. Alan T. Hurd. H. Dorsey Newson. Robe~t L. Buell. L-oy W. Henderson. Job~ J, Mucdo. Thomas W. Voetter. 1927 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 797 U11070c88ifie(l Bessie M. Rice, Urbana. Glenn A. AIJbey. Closee K. Huston. Letha Doughten, Woolstock. George l\1. Abbott. Perry N. Jester. LOUISIA:ru: George D. Andrews, jr. James C. King. Regina D. ::\Ielanson, Arnaudville. Franklin B. Atwood. George D. LaMont. Mildred 1\I. Gleason, Belcher. La Verne Baldwin. Bruce Lancaster. Ella 1\I. Perot, Campti. James C. H. Bonbright. Charles A. Page. Rufus W. Echols, Converse. Sidney H. Browne, jr. J. Randolph Robinson. Henry S. Adams, Good Pine. Gordon T,. Burke. Alan S. Itogers. William E. Phillips, Greensburg. Vinton Chapin. Albert W. Scott. AlYin C. Brunson, Mangham. raul C. Daniel-:;. Roger Sumner. Frank Warren, Merryville. Gerald A. Drew. John T. Wainwright. Moise E. Chenevert, Plaucherule. Fayette J. Flexer. Thomas C. Wasson. John T. Boyett, Sarepta. Landreth M. Harrison. Miss Frances E. Willis. MARYLAND Knowlton V. Hicks. George H. Winters. Terry S: Hinkle. Lloyd T. Hayden, Centerville. Mary ,V. Tise, Hyatt.syille. POSTMASTERS l'>IISSISSIPPI OALIFOR~lA Everet l\I. Chilcoat, Amory. James E. Stroud, Arvin. Scott II. Speck, Blue Springs. Richard G. Power, Colusa. · Katie M . Beavers, Boyle. Charles E. Wood, Compton. Bes.·ie Gay, Brooklyn. Chelso A. Maghetti, DaYi s. Anne D. Powers, Cary. John L. Olson, Deco to. William D. Myers, Deemet·. Walter E. Hyer, Del Mar. Nancy A. Murphey, Doddsville. Charles C. Jenkins, El Centro. Bessie Jl'. Truly, Fayette. George H. Burk, Elk. Nathan B. Williams, Fernwooct. James W. Hyatt, Emigrant Gap. Willie l\1. Windham, Lena. George L. Clare, Guerneville. Daniel F. Bitt, Louin. Miunie E. Dewar, Hueneme. Albert S. Russell. Magee. Theodore J. Brown, Hynes. George F. MeLelland, Newton. Fred E. Laxdal, Inglewood. Myra P. Varnado, Osyka. Gyda K. Holmboe, Lorna Portal. Etoyle S. Counti88, Pitt~boro. Grace D. Perkin ·, Los Nietos. Kathleen l\1. Baker, Scooba. Frank Challand, Mission Beach. J. D. Hale, Scott. Flora Dahl, Mokelumne Hill. 1.1homas L. Cotten. Summit. Jacob J. Shroy, Newman. Annie K. 'Voods, Water Valley. Fadette T. Gossard, Olive Yiew. William A. Miller, Wiggins. Florence E. Buckner, Pacific Palisades. MONTANA Edgar L. Etter, Palos Vet·des E~tates. l\Iary K. DaYis, San Carlos. Ilarly J. Stephenson, Belgrade. Josephine Zucca, Selby. Josep}l Ke-eler, Crow Agency. Addie E. Waits, Solana Beach. George D. Dutro, Dodson. Ricb'ard L. Mason, South Pasadena. Henry N. Chambers, l\lanhattan. Granyille N. Pmington, Trona. Donald A. Petrie, Martinsdale. Cinderella L. Phiney, Tustin. Ft·ed ,V. Handel, Mu~selshell. Mathilda Busch, Verdugo Cit~·. Selma N. Hauge, Paradise. Hazel E. Avise, Walnut Creek. ~OR'I' H DAKO'TA Edith :M. Kennedy, Weimar. Rudol11h G. W. Anderson, AmbroBe. Earl D. Oline, Zelzah. Auton A. Ficker, Amidon. COLORADO Lee Rolle, Brinsmade. Paul P. Huston, Calhan. Knut 0. Abrnhamsou, Katllryn. Newell R. Usher, Florence. Alice Stewart, Linton. Alexander G. Johnson, Fort Lupton. Jens B. Dyrud, l\Iaddock. Lawrence H. Dewey, Fruita. Rose A. Boardman, Overl.v. Lula D. Trimble, Georgetown. Bridget A. H. Henne~sy, 1.'olna. Mary E. Kendall, Kiowa. OHIO James l\1. Brown, Mancos. l\Iark E. 1\Iiller, A.shtabula. W1lliam A. Sawyer, Mount Morrison. ·wm P. McNary, Bannock. Ellsworth A. Weller, New Castle. Ambrose B. Wingate, Beach City. Anna Richards, Ouray. · Ralph P. Crane, Bowling Green. DEL.lW .litE Effie W. Mansfield, Brilliant. John P. Betts, Clarksville. Carl A. Brown, Bucyrus. Lula 1\I. Chambers, Stanton. Alexauder C. McDonald, Coshocton. Ethel Reynolds, Townsend. Starling F. Trimble, Crestline. Arthur M. Eidson, Cygnet. IOWA Charles ,V. Shaffer, Doylestown. Roscoe W. Peter~en, Bettendorf. Florence Hilgefort, Fort Loramie. Herbert B. Arnold, Blakesburg. Guy '"'· Reuter, Fo1·t Recovery. Hattie Stanley, Castalia. Jame" Lewis, Gira1·d. Aaron W. Monroe, Clemons. Fred Brockmeyer, Glendale. Mary Cltilcote, Oonway. Frank W. Howard, Grafton. William 0. Upham, Fredericksburg. Edward L. Jone-·, Granville. Alft·ed E. P. Gillette, Gen·ent. Fred B. Reed, Green Springs. Robert D. Adey, Granger. WalTen H. Noble, Greenwich. l!'runk H. Davis, Ionia. Jennie Pfeiffer, Grover Hill. Martin 0. Evans. Joice. William II. Tracy, Harrison. Albe1't L. Meredith, L3·nnville. 1\Iiehael Effinger, Lancaster. William D. Lorensen, McCnll:sbnrg. Anna J. Pyle, Lansing. Libbie L. Lockhart, Packwood. Lincoln A. Slns~er. I,onisville. Etmice M. Bute, Stanhope. Louis K. Carroll. Manchester. John A. Schmitz. Storm Luke. Charles E. Penqt1ite, 1\Iason. 1\htry F. Park, Tracy. John 1\IcCleery, ~lasury. .798 CONGRESSIONAL R.ECORD-SENATE DEOE::\IBER 19 Francis l\1. Fletcher, McComb. SENATE Harry E. Coil, Mendon. Pearl C. Brown, Middlefield. MoNDAY, Dece-mlJer 19, 1921 George L. Sayles, Milan. The Chaplain, Rev. Z~Barney T. Phillips, D. D., offered t:Ue French C. Stillings, Milford Center. following p1·ayer; Dewey H. Beck, Monroeville. William G. Corne, Newark. Ou.t of the deep have I called tl-nto Thee, 0 Lonl; Lord, hear Calvin L. Hartline, Newcomerstown. my voice. Harry ~f. Day, New Richmond. Almighty God, who speakest in a thousand voices to the AlbertS. Nye, New Wa hington. hearts and minds of men, grant to us that we may be taught Cloyde M. Kieffer, Orrville. of Thee, that with understanding hearts we may faithfully Marshall 0. Brooke, Peebles. perform the duties of this day. Frank B. McCullough, Plain City. In all our work make us ever mindful of the welfare and the George A.. Fisher, Port Clinton. wants of others, knowing that we are in Thy stead. Clarence R. Seymou1·, Ravenna. Save, we beseech Thee, the valiant sons of this Nation im­ Olive Toland, Rayland. periled in the great deep, for Thy paths are in the great waters, Harry W. Hayes, Reynoldsburg. and even there shall Thy hand lead them. Enfold in Thine Fred 0. Fo ter, Seville. arms of love and mercy their loved ones, and by the sacrament Alva H. Anderson, Shelby. of our sorrowing sympathy bring us all to a deeper knowledge Harry Oldham, Sidney. and understanding of the mystery of Thine infinite lo1e. Charles l\1. Sauder, Smithville. Tbrough Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. Elmer E. Weaver, Sugarcreek: Oral H. Hilborn, Tiro. The Chief Clerk proceeded to read the Journal of the pro­ Raymond l\1. Swank, Trotwood. ceeding~ of Saturday last, when, on request of Mr. CURTIS and Ralph L. Stamm, Ver ailles. by unanimous con~nt, the further 1·eading was di ~ pensed with George ,V. Hassenier, Wapakoneta. and the Journal was approved. Dora A. Kramer, West Alexandria. CALL OF' THE ROLL William E. Reed, West Lafayette. Mr. CURTIS. Mr. Presid,ent, I suggest the absence of a Elva L. Gauch, West ~Ianchester. quorum. OKLAHOMA The VICE PRESIDENT. The clerk will call the roll. Royal F. Hall, Boi e City. The legislative clerk called the roll, and the following Sen­ Roy l\1. ::uuse, Elmore City. ators an wered to their names : Ashurst Edwards Keyes Robin on, Ind. Marshall G. Norvell, Marietta. Barkley Ferris King Sackett Frank W. Fuller, Ringwood. Bayard Fess La :b'ollette Sheppard Otto G. Bound, Ryan. Bingham Fletcher McKellar Ship tead Black Frazier McLean Shortridge Marion N. Brumley, Selman. Blaine George ::\Ic:Uaster Smoot William A. Vassar, Tryon. · Blease Gerry .Mc~ary Steck Severee L. ::Uas ie, Tyrone. Borah Gillett Mayfield Steiwer Bratton Glass Metcalf Stephens OREGON Brookhart Goff Moses Swanson Alice K. Gallier, Bandon.. . Broussard Gould Neely Thomas Bruce Greene ~orbeek Trammell Elizabeth J. Morgan, Corbett. Capper Hale ~ye Tydings Fred C. 1\la tches, Dayton. Caraway Harri on Oddie Tyson Copeland Hawes Overman Wagner Edward C. Michelsen, Kerry. Couzens Hayden Phipps Walsh, liass. George ,V. .Johnson, Lakeview. Curtis Heflin l'ine Walsh, Mont. Thomas R. ::Uacl\1illan, Lebanon. Dale Howell Pittman Warren Deneen .Johnson Ran dell Watson Annie 0. Johnson, Odell. Dill .Jones, Wash. Reed, Mo. Wheeler Harold R. Mcisaac, Parkdale. Edge Kendrick Robinson, Ark. Willis Ann B. Heydon, Valsetz. 1\Ir. PHIPPS. :lly colleague the junior Senator from Colo­ Walter E. Zumwalt, 'Vamic. rado [:.Ur. WATERMAN] is detained on account of illness. . I RHODE ISLAND will allow this announcement to stand for the day. .James H. Riley, Harrisville. 1\Ir. BRATTON. I de ire to announce the nece sary ab ence Lillian G. Hoxie, Shannock. of my colleague the senior Senator from New Mexico [1\Ir. Jo~""ES] from the Chamber. He is detained by illness. This SOUTH C.AROL~A announcement may stand for the aay. George B. Patrick, Bowman.r. Mr. GEORGE. My colleague the senior Senator from Geor­ Roy L. Hurst, Chesterfield. gia [lli. BARrus] is confined to his home on accotmt of illness. Walter L. Gettys, Clover. I ask that this announcement may stand for the day. Loka W. Rigby, Moncks Corner. ~lr. HOWELL. The senior Senator from Nebraska [1\Ir. Elijah Lee, Pacolet. NoRRIS] is detained from the Senate by illness. I ask that lliis Robert E. RagNdale, Pelze'r. announcement may stand for the day. TEN~ESSEE The VICE PRESIDENT. Eighty-four Senators having an­ swered to their names, a quorum is present. James G. Jones, Ardmore. .John V. Lady, Blountville. INTERNATIONAL COKGRESS OF ENTOMOLOOY (S. DOC. NO. 29) Pleas P. Campbell, Calderwood. The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the following Bessie J. Clark, Christiana. mes age from the President of the United States. which was J o eph R. Lane, Church Hill. read, and, with the accompanying papers, referred to the Com­ Weyman I. Dooly, Conasauga. mittee on Foreign Relations and ordered to be pl'inted : David H. Hughes, Eagleville. To the Oongre.s~ of the United Rtates: Lavella Bratschi, Erin. I transmit herewith a report from the Secretary of State in­ Jean Brient, Friendsville. closing a recommendation from the Seeretary of Agriculture William E. Richardson, jr., Halls. that the Congress be reque. ted to adopt a resolution authoriz­ Nona C. Arm trong, Martel. ing and requesting the Pre. ident to invite foreign governments Elmer T. Sparks, McKenzie. to be represented by delegates at the International Congress of Edna Conway, Mosheim. Entomology, to be held in the United States in 1928. E. Dan Smith, :Ycuntpleasant. It will be noticed that because of the close relationship be­ l\fathew ::U. Iluling, Winchester. tween eutomology and agriculture, the Department of agricul­ ture is e pedally interested in the international aspects of tllis WITHDR.AW A.L ::;cience, which it considers of very great importance to this country. As it would . eem, therefore, that the participaoon Bxecufi'l:c nomination ·zclthdrazvn tr01n the Senate Decembm· 1"1, of foreign governments in the congress mentioned would be in 19'21 the public interest, I recommend to Congress the passage of POSTMASTER the joint resolution. No appropriation is requested. CALVIN COOLIDGE. George T. Taylor to be postmaster at Memphis, Tenn. ~HE .WHITE HousE, Dec(3?_nber 19, 1927.