SKYERS FARM EWHURST ROAD RAMSDELL HAMPSHIRE RG26 5RF
LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
DRAFT
Prepared by: ACLA Ltd
For: Skyers Farm Development Ltd.
Ref: ACLA/BDW
Date: 7th August 2015
Landscape Architects & Designers 9 Hungerford Rd, East Grafton, Marlborough. SN8 3DG T: 01672 810516. E:[email protected] W:acla-ltd.com
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CONTENTS:
Page No:
1. INTRODUCTION 3. 2. BASELINE CONDITIONS 4. 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSALS 9. 4. PLANNING POLICY CONTEXT 10. 5. LANDSCAPE CHARACTER 18. 6. VISUAL AMENITY 34. 7. EFFECTS ON LANDSCAPE FEATURES 42. 8. MITIGATION STRATEGY 43. 9. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 48.
APPENDICES
APPENDIX 1 Plans 01-06
ACLA/BDW 01 Site Location ACLA/BDW 02 Site Context & Viewpoints ACLA/BDW 03 Planning Context ACLA/BDW 04 Landscape Character Areas ACLA/BDW 05 Visual Analysis ACLA/BDW 06 Proposed Layout & Mitigation
APPENDIX 2 Photo Viewpoints 1-15
APPENDIX 3 Landscape & Visual Impact Assessment Methodology
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Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 ACLA Ltd has been instructed by Skyers Farm Development Ltd to prepare an updated Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment (LVIA) report relating to a planning application for a new arrangement of buildings on the site at Skyers Farm near Ramsdell, Hampshire. A previous LVIA was prepared by ACLA Ltd to support a planning application for the demolition of the existing modern buildings on the site and the erection of a replacement dwelling together with a new pool house, ancillary buildings, parking, landscaping and conversion of the listed barn. The scheme was approved by Basingstoke and Deane Borough Council in October 2014 (planning reference 14/020996/FUL).
1.2 The application site is located in open countryside at approximately 200m to the west of the village boundary of Ramsdell and is accessed from Ewhurst Road (Lloyds Lane), which is located at approximately 100m to the north of the main application area. The Ordnance Survey grid reference for the site is SU58607 57154 and it covers an area of approximately 1.4 hectares (ha).
1.3 Ramsdell is a small traditional village set in a predominantly rural landscape. The village of Charter Alley is located at 500m to the east. The closest town is Tadley, at 4.0km to the north and the large town of Basingstoke is located at 5.5km to the south-east. Other nearby settlements include; Monk Sherborne (at 2km to the south- east), Wootton St Lawrence (at 4km to the south) and West Heath (at 1.2km to the north). The area is administered by Basingstoke and Deane Borough Council.
1.4 The purpose of this report is to assess the baseline qualities and value of the existing landscape resource and the visual amenity of the site and its surrounding area; to describe the outline development proposals in their landscape context and to predict the landscape and visual effects (impacts) that may arise from the proposed development. The report also may consider appropriate mitigation strategies for the site in order to reduce or minimise any effects caused by the development and to put forward initiatives for landscape and visual enhancement.
1.5 Landscape impact assessment aims to determine the likely changes in the physical landscape resulting from a given development and to evaluate the significance of these changes in relation to their effects upon both the quality and character of the landscape. Visual impact assessment predicts the appearance of these physical changes within the landscape and their effects upon specific viewpoints or visual
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
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receptors, such as the occupants of residential properties and the users of roads, public rights of way or other public open spaces.
1.6 In order to seek consensus and to minimise subjectivity in the assessment of the existing landscape, wherever possible this report makes reference to published landscape character assessments and other authoritative publications.
1.7 The landscape and visual assessment has been undertaken in accordance with the ‘Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment’ (Landscape Institute and the Institute of Environmental Management and Assessment, 3rd Edition 2013). For a full description of the assessment methodology refer to Appendix 1 at the end of this report.
1.8 This report has been prepared as a stand along appraisal to support the planning application. The Council has not been consulted on the location of key viewpoints and the cumulative impacts of other similar proposals in the area have not been assessed. A comparison with the approved scheme will not be discussed in this report.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
2. BASELINE CONDITIONS
Description of the Existing Site
2.1 The application site covers an area of approximately 1.4 ha and currently contains the following elements;
Skyers Farmhouse is a 1970s red brick dwelling in the western sections of the site. The garden area to the farmhouse covers the far western sections of the site over an area of approximately 0.39 ha.
A Grade II Listed timber framed and timber clad barn near the northern site boundary and site access. An open fronted timber cart shed adjoins the eastern gable end of the barn.
A farmyard with four modern larger scale steel clad and open fronted barns and ancillary agricultural buildings and associated infrastructure in the eastern sections of the application area. The barns are finished in grey with corrugated grey roofs and set within concrete and gravel hardstanding.
2.2 The farmhouse is currently tenanted and the modern agricultural barns and buildings in the eastern sections of the application site do not appear to be in use.
2.3 Significant vegetation is mainly located in the western sections of the site and along the site access leading to Lloyds Lane. A more substantial group of ash and yew trees are located on the southern central boundary to the south-east of the farmhouse garden. The farmhouse gardens in the far west of the site are laid to lawn. The property is accessed from a track running through the farmyard to the south of the listed timber barn. Three mature oak trees are located on the south-western site boundary. There are low-level views into the site below the canopies of the trees.
2.4 Groups of native, none-native and evergreen trees and shrubs are located on the western and north-western site boundary. The vegetation provides a moderate level of screening to the farmhouse from local views. Other sections of the western boundary are relatively open allowing localised views into the site towards the farmhouse and the listed timber barn. A screen belt of mature evergreen trees is located between the farmhouse and areas to the south of the listed barn. A small domestic orchard is also located to the south of the barn.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
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2.5 There is no substantial vegetation in the eastern sections of the site allowing open views towards the modern agricultural buildings and barns at close distance. Elsewhere the site boundaries are generally demarcated by stock fencing. The vehicular access from Ewhurst Road has a row of mature willow trees on its eastern boundary. There are no tree preservation orders on or adjacent to the site.
2.6 Open fields with intact hedgerows are located to the south, west and east of the site. Ewhurst road is located at approximately 100m to the north of the site and bounded by mature and well-maintained native hedgerows with occasional trees.
2.7 The application site and surrounding area is located within the North Wessex Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). The eastern boundary of the AONB is located on the western boundary of Ramsdell, at approximately 200m to the east of the site.
The Study Area
2.8 The initial area of search for the LVIA was determined by drawing a circle offset by 5km from the proposed development. The extent was set to enable a general understanding of the wider landscape context within which the site is located, while limiting information to that which is most relevant and avoiding excessive analysis. As such it conforms to best-practice guidance.
2.9 These findings were assessed through field observations on the 21st of May 2014. The weather was clear with bright sunshine and the visibility was good.
2.10 The containment by woodlands and tree belts to the north & east and ridgelines to the west & south resulted on the potential ‘Zone of Visual Influence’ considerably reduced to approximately 500m to the north, 300m to the east and up to 2km to the south and west.
2.11 At close distance, lower level views are often screened by intervening woodland blocks, together with hedgerows and vegetation associated with the western boundary of Ramsdell. May’s Copse and Skyer’s Wood are significant blocks of woodland creating visual barrier from may potential viewpoints from publicly accessible locations within the southern sections of the study area. Lloyd’s Copse, Boathouse Copse and Park Copse are significant woodland blocks screening close distance views from the north and north-west.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Description of the Surrounding Area
2.12 The predominant characteristic of the study area is a tranquil semi-rural landscape with narrow county lanes and scattered settlements and rural villages.
2.13 There is a distinct change in character between the northern sections and the southern sections of the study area. The northern areas are representative of a lowland landscape with a small to medium-scale patchwork of settlement, mixed farmland, woodland belts and enclosure by larger woodland blocks. Therefore the area tends to have a more intimate landscape scale. The land rises to a chalk ridgeline at around 2km south of the study area. Here the landscape is more open with larger scale fields with occasional woodland blocks. The site is located on the transition between the two characteristic landscape types. A more detailed description of the surrounding landscape is outline below.
To the South
2.14 The area is predominantly large-scale arable farmland with a relatively consistent character. A visual corridor framed by Skyer’s Wood and May’s Copse allows for longer distance views to the chalk ridgeline to the south from within the application site. A Public Right of Way (PRoW) runs past the south-east corner of the site and this allows for open views to the prominent agricultural buildings and barns in the eastern sections of the site. Partially screened views are also possible at close distance towards the existing farmhouse from more western sections of the PRoW.
2.15 At close distance, fields are small to medium in scale and generally contained by well managed intact hedgerows with occasional trees. This vegetation partially screens, filters and frames views to the site. Hedgerows and vegetation becomes increasingly less prevalent in the open southern sections of the study area as the land rises to the chalk ridgeline. Scattered settlements and properties to the south-east of the site tend to be screened by the intervening woodland blocks and tree belts. Therefore there is little evidence of development and settlement in views from the site southwards and the predominant character is rural and tranquil. Views towards the application site from PRoW and roads to the south of the site are relatively few and limited to closed distance or partial and glimpsed views set in a wooded context or partial and localised views at a longer distance from the chalk ridgeline.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
To the West
2.16 Views to the site are contained by a low ridgeline at approximately 1.5km. Closer distance lower level views are generally screened by intervening woodlands, tree belts and hedgerows. A parkland landscape and a replacement modern large scale country estate development is located at Ewhurst Park House. The house is a prominent local building set in well-maintained formal parklands. There are some limited views from eastern sections of the application site to the parkland and Ewhurst Park House. A woodland belt associated with Lloyd’s Copse runs along the western perimeters of Ewhurst Road screening many of the more distant views.
To the North
2.17 The site is accessed from Ewhurst Road (Lloyds Lane) at approximately 100m north of the main site. Lloyd’s Lane to the north of the single-track road is relatively well contained by hedgerows. There are however occasional gaps, allowing for localised glimpsed views towards the site and existing buildings. Lloyd’s Copse and Boathouse Copse are substantial blocks of woodland associated with Ewhurst Park to the north of Ewhurst Road which screen more distant views from the north-west. Numbers 4 and 5 Ewhurst Road are semi-detached properties located at 80m north-west of the site. There may be filtered views through dense garden vegetation to the existing farmhouse and the listed timber barn. There is also the potential for glimpsed views from properties on the eastern boundaries of Ramsdell towards the agricultural barns, in particular from the rear of 2 Ewhurst Road. However, these views tend to be partially screened and framed by intervening vegetation.
2.18 Other properties on the perimeters of Ramsdell tend to be relatively well screened by surrounding mature trees and understorey vegetation. The rooflines of the farmhouse and timber barn on site are also evident from the vicinity of the cricket ground (at approximately 500m to the north) and potentially from adjacent properties on Baughurst Road. At longer distance, views from the north are screened by substantial woodland blocks on the northern boundary of Ewhurst Road.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
To the East.
2.19 A small-scale field provides a buffer between the application site and properties on the western perimeters of Ramsdell. Properties in Ramsdell tend to be relatively well screened and contained by trees, mature garden vegetation and dense understorey. The western boundary of Ramsdell at approximately 250m east of the application site contains a particularly strong landscape structure consisting of mature trees and shrubs. The field hedge close to the eastern site boundary contains a number of mature native trees, however the hedge itself is in poor condition and absent along sections and therefore close distance views to the eastern sections of the site are more open. The most prominent views from properties associated with Ramsdell are from the rear of Brookside Cottage at 150m south-east of the site boundary. There is also the potential for glimpsed views from other outlying properties to the south-east of the site. Longer distance views from other areas within Ramsdell and beyond are screened by the prevalent vegetation.
2.20 Views from properties, PRoW and other publicly accessible areas will be discussed in more detail in chapter 7 of this report.
Settlement and Transport
2.21 Settlement in the southern sections of the study area is very sparse and limited to Lower Farm (and associated dwelling), to the south-east and Godspenny Cottage on the A339, to the south. There are no views to the site from these locations due to intervening landform and vegetation. The northern sections of the study area contain a higher density of settlement including the village of Ramsdell, Charter Alley and other properties and farmsteads generally located along road corridors. Due to the high proportion of tree cover and containment the settlement pattern is not prominent in the wider landscape and the northern sections of the study area retain a predominantly rural and semi-rural character. Ewhurst Park House is a relatively noticeable development set in an elevated location in more open sections to the west of the study area.
2.22 Minor roads near the site link the network of small settlements and villages. Ramsdell is located the crossroads of Lloyds Lane (Ewhurst Road), Monk Sherborne Road and Baughurst Rd. Lloyds Lane is a single track road, running in an east to west direction at approximately 100m north of the site. The A339 is a busy road corridor linking Basingstoke and Newbury. It is located at approximately 1.8km to the south of the site and crosses the southwest section of the study area. However, it not visible or
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
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apparent from within the site or within the local landscape due to the intervening chalk ridgeline. Therefore the study area remains predominantly tranquil and rural.
Topography
2.23 The highpoint of the study area rises to approximately 173m Above Ordnance Datum (AOD) on the ridgeline at approximately 1.9km south of the application site. A further ridgeline is located in the western section of the study area at Ewhurst Park at a height of approximately 135m AOD. The topography in the remainder of the study area falls gently in a north-easterly direction to approximately 85m AOD in the north eastern corner of the study area near Charter Alley. The site itself is located between approximately 110 to 112m AOD and falls gently in an easterly direction.
Historic Landscape
2.24 The published Ramsdell Conservation Area Appraisal states: ‘Ramsdell appears to have emerged as a settlement at a relatively late date. It is known that, at the time of the Dissolution of the Monasteries, the land around the present settlement was owned by Pamber Priory, Winchester Cathedral and Queen’s College. The land at the periphery of these holdings was sold to create the site of the village today….. The village has developed around the crossroads and the three farms originally to be found in the area, creating a dispersed settlement pattern. …… The prevailing use in and around the Conservation Area was originally an agricultural one, including both arable and sheep farming. Historic references survive today – for example Sheepwash Lane and Sheepwash Cottage. Physical vestiges of agricultural use can also be seen around the pond. Although the origins of the development of the village can be traced back to the sale of the ecclesiastical land, it was not until the construction of a brickworks on the edge of the village, during the 19th century, that any significant growth took place. A church was not constructed in the village until 1867.’
2.25 The current red brick farmhouse on the application site is not of any particular architectural interest and was probably constructed in the 1970s. It replaced a larger former farmhouse and a courtyard surrounded by agricultural building which are likely to have been of some stature and historic interest. The timber-framed barn on site has survived and is Grade II listed. There are a number of other listed cottages and farmhouses within the study area, the closest of which is May’s Farmhouse at
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
approximately 185m south of the site. The remains of a Roman villa are located at approximately 1.7km to the south-west.
2.26 In the west of the study area, Ewhurst Park House has recently been substantially re- built on the remains of a much larger house. The large-scale parklands and grounds remain, including woodlands and ornamental lakes. The parklands cover a substantial area in the north-west of the study area and are a significant local feature. However they are not on the English Heritage list of ‘Registered Parks and Gardens’. The stable block, church and walled garden are listed structures adjacent to Ewhurst Park House. The potential impacts on listed buildings & scheduled monuments will be assessed later in this report.
Public Rights of Way (PRoW)
2.27 Although there are no public footpaths, permissive routes or other rights of way across the application site itself, however the study area is crossed by a number of PRoW. The closest of which runs from Ramsdell towards Skyer’s Wood and passes close to the south-eastern site boundary. Other PRoW are located on, and within, the western and north eastern boundaries of Ramsdell. Two further PRoW run across the ridgeline in the south of the study. Where views are possible from PRoW they will be discussed later in this report. See plan ACLA/DBW 02 for the location of PRoW within the study area.
Soils & Hydrology
2.28 The site is located within low grade agricultural land and the underlying rock is identified as London Clay on the British Geological Survey ‘Geology of Britain Viewer’. Shallow drainage ditches are located along the northern site boundary to the north of the listed barn and also along the perimeters of the site access. The site and surroundings drain in an easterly direction and localised areas to the north of Lloyds Lane have been identified as an area at risk of flooding on the Environment Agency ‘Flood Map for Planning’ (see plan ACLA/BDW 03).
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
3. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSALS
3.1 The proposals have been prepared on behalf of Oakley Planning and Conservation Ltd. For details see plan (ACLA/BDW 06). The proposals consist of the following elements;
The demolition of two most easterly modern agricultural barns in the east of the application site and the retention of the largest modern agricultural barn and smaller open fronted barn. The overall area of the farmstead will be reduced from approximately 1.4ha to 1.1ha. The smaller concrete block building and pens between the two retained barns will be demolished to create an open yard.
The replacement of the existing farmhouse with a more substantial, high quality dwelling with the garden area in the west of the application area across the footprint of the current dwelling.
The retention of the grade II Listed timber barn and adjacent open fronted cart shed.
The erection of a pool house and garage to the south of the listed barn.
The demolition of s section of the larger barn and the construction of a tennis court in the central southern sections of the application area.
3.2 The new dwelling, pool house and garage together with the listed barn will be arranged around a central gravel courtyard which will be accessed along the existing track to the north.
3.3 New walls, fencing and associated landscaping will be constructed to further define the internal spaces.
3.4 A section of parkland style railing will be located along the boundary south of the proposed farm house to allow for views out across open countryside.
3.5 It will be necessary to remove the evergreen screen and adjacent fruit trees to the east of the current farmhouse to necessitate the construction of the new dwelling, ancillary buildings and access. It will also be necessary to remove three fruit trees within the footprint of the proposed garage. Some other areas of shrubs, trees and herbaceous planting and fruit trees to the south of the current farmhouse and west of the pool house may also be removed to provide a more suitable setting to the proposals. See plan ACLA/BDW 06 for the location of vegetation to be removed.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
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3.6 Primary mitigation has been undertaken as part of the initial design with consideration of the design, scale, layout and building materials within the proposals. A secondary mitigation is likely to be necessary to further reduce residual visual and landscape impacts remaining after the primary mitigation measures. The mitigation measures will include the retention and enhancement of the remaining significant vegetation on site together with a comprehensive landscape scheme to assist in integrating the proposals into the local landscape. Mitigation will be discussed later in this report.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
4. PLANNING POLICY CONTEXT (See plan ACLA/BDW 03)
National Planning Policy
4.1 National planning guidance was completely revised with issue of the new National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) in March 2012. This single document supersedes all previous Planning Policy Statement and Guidance documents. The government advises that this major revision was implemented to form “… a key part of our reforms to make the planning system less complex and more accessible, to protect the environment and to promote sustainable growth. …”.
4.2 The Conserving and Enhancing the Natural Environment section of the NPPF outlines the way the planning system should ‘contribute to and enhance the natural and local environment’. The relevant key objectives are to enhance networks of green infrastructure, protect and enhance valued landscapes, minimise impacts on bio-diversity and provide net gains where possible. Opportunities to incorporate bio- diversity in and around developments should also be encouraged.
4.3 At the heart of the National Planning Policy Framework is a ‘presumption in favour of sustainable development, which should be seen as a golden thread running through both plan-making and decision-taking’. However of particular relevance to the proposed development, paragraph 115 in the NFFP states ‘Great weight should be given to conserving landscape and scenic beauty in National Parks, Broads and Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty which has the highest status of protection in relation to landscape and scenic beauty’.
Regional Planning Policy
4.4 The Localism Act provided for the abolition of the regional planning framework. In 2013 the Department of Communities and Local Government revoked the Regional Strategy for the South East (with the exception of policy NRM6) and any saved structure plan policies. This now gives local authorities the responsibility for making strategic planning decisions.
Local Planning Policy
The study area is administered by Basingstoke and Deane Borough Council. The Council is currently preparing the ‘Revised Pre-Submission Draft local Plan’ 2011 to 2029 and it is currently timetabled for adoption in spring 2016. In the mean time
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
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saved polices in the Basingstoke and Dean Borough Council Local Plan (1996-2011) will be used as the basis for making planning decisions.
Basingstoke and Dean Borough Council Local Plan (1996-2011)
4.5 The following saved landscape related polices which are relevant to the site are discussed below:
Policy D6 – New Residential Accommodation in the Countryside
4.6 The policy relates to residential development within the countryside and states: ‘development will only be permitted where it ….is a one-for-one replacement of an existing dwelling which has been continuously occupied and is not the result of a temporary or series of temporary permissions and the building is not derelict or no longer in existence ‘
4.7 The local plan further expands on the policy and states ‘In assessing these applications, particular regard will be had to whether the site lies in a sustainable location and if the proposal will protect and maintain the rural and landscape character of the locality…… Replacement dwellings should not significantly change the siting, scale, setting and character of the existing dwelling in order to protect the rural character of the area’
Policy E1 – Development Control
4.8 ‘Proposals for new development will be permitted provided that they are of a high standard of design, make efficient use of land, respect the amenities of neighbouring occupiers, and do not result in inappropriate traffic generation or compromise highway safety. All development proposals should therefore:
Respond to the local context of buildings in terms of design, siting, density and spacing, reinforce attractive qualities of local distinctiveness and enhance areas of poor design; extensions should respect their host building
Provide a comprehensive landscaping scheme, where appropriate, enabling the development to successfully integrate with the landscape and surrounds, and not result in the loss of or have a potentially adverse impact on protected trees;
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
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Policy E2 – building of Historic or Architectural Interest
4.9 ‘Proposals for development that would affect a listed building, structure or its setting will be determined against the following guidelines:
i. The demolition of a listed building or structure will only be permitted in exceptional circumstances.
ii. Alterations and extensions that preserve the character and/or setting of a listed building and any features of architectural or historic interest will be permitted
iii. Developments within the curtilage of or adjacent to a listed building which do not detrimentally affect their setting will be permitted.
Development will not be permitted if it would harm a building or feature of local historic or architectural interest or adversely affect its setting.’
Policy E3 – Areas of Architectural or Historic Interest
4.10 A conservation area lies within Ramsdell at approximately 200m to the east of the application boundary. Policy E3 states: ‘Development within Conservation Areas, or on sites outside where development would affect the setting of the Conservation Area, will be permitted provided that the proposals preserve or enhance their special character or appearance.’
Policy E6 - Landscape Character
4.11 ‘Planning permission will only be granted where it is demonstrated that the proposals will be sympathetic to the landscape character and quality of the area concerned.
Development proposals should contribute to the regeneration, restoration, repair or conservation of any landscape likely to be affected. In particular they should respect, and improve the following:
i. the particular qualities of the relevant Landscape Character Area as defined in the Basingstoke and Deane Landscape Assessment;
visual amenity and scenic quality;
the setting of a settlement, including important views to, across and out of settlements; and
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the local character of buildings and settlements, including important open areas;
trees, hedgerows, water features and other landscape elements and features;
historic landscapes, features and elements
4.12 Consideration will also be given to the impact that development would have on sense of place, sense of remoteness or tranquillity, and the quiet enjoyment of the landscape from public rights of way.
4.13 The designation of the North Wessex Downs AONB reflects the national importance of that landscape. In addition to the other requirements of this Policy, applications for development in the AONB will be determined in accordance with the policy in PPS7 also having regard to the setting of the AONB.’
Policy E7 – Nature/Biodiversity Conservation
4.14 There are a number of woodland identified as Biodiversity Action Plan priority habitats and ancient and semi-natural woodland within the study area the closest of which is located at 150m to the west of the application site. Mature vegetation is also present on site in the form of native trees and ornamental planting. The policy states ‘Development or a change of land use will be permitted where it will not have an adverse effect on protected species or the conservation status of priority species, harm the nature conservation interest of a statutory or non-statutory wildlife nature conservation site or lead to the loss or deterioration of a key habitat type or harm the integrity of linkages between such sites and habitats.
Proposals will be expected to conserve and, where possible, enhance the biodiversity of the receiving environment, taking into account the aims and targets of the UK and Local Biodiversity Action Plans. Where appropriate, planning conditions and obligations will be used to secure these requirements. In particular, the opportunity will be taken to secure the creation and management of features of the landscape that, by virtue of their linear and continuous structure or their function as ‘stepping stones’, are of major importance for the migration, dispersal and genetic exchange of wild species.
The weight given to the protection of nature conservation interests will depend on the national or local significance and any statutory designation or protection applying to the site, habitat or species concerned. Where the public interest in favour of a
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
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proposal is deemed to outweigh harm to biodiversity, the local planning authority will require the use of the best practicable mitigation/compensation measures, which will be secured through planning conditions and planning obligations, as appropriate. Applications for development must include adequate information to enable a proper assessment of the implications for biodiversity. It should be noted that adverse effects on nature conservation interests are not necessarily limited to the proposal site.’
Basingstoke and Dean Landscape and Biodiversity – Supplementary Planning Document (SPD)
4.15 The key principles of the SPD are:
Landscape and biodiversity issues must be considered from the pre-planning stage onwards.
There must be adequate information to allow the impacts of the proposal on landscape character, landscape quality and on biodiversity to be assessed in accordance with planning policies and legislation.
The design must be led by the inherent constraints and opportunities of the site and its context.
Significant landscape and biodiversity impacts must be avoided, wherever possible, through careful design. Mitigation measures must only be used where avoidance through design is not achievable.
Where there are remaining impacts that cannot be satisfactorily mitigated, compensation must be provided through the creation of new features.
All proposals should aim to enhance the landscape and biodiversity of the receiving environment and, where possible, these enhancements should result in a net improvement.
Scheduled Monuments
4.16 A scheduled monument is located at 1.7km to the south-east of the application site, where there is the potential for intervisibility with the proposals. Policy E4 related to the protection of ancient monuments. The policy was not saved in the local plan due repetition in national guidelines. However, NPPF paragraph 129 states ‘Local
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
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planning authorities should identify and assess the particular significance of any heritage asset that may be affected by a proposal (including by development affecting the setting of a heritage asset) taking account of the available evidence and any necessary expertise. They should take this assessment into account when considering the impact of a proposal on a heritage asset, to avoid or minimise conflict between the heritage asset’s conservation and any aspect of the proposal.’
Compliance with Planning Policies
4.17 The NPPF ‘presumption in favour of sustainable development’ ‘needs to be considered against the ‘great weight given to conserving landscape the scenic beauty’ within the AONB. Any development should therefore take account of all other material considerations such as the Local Plan Polices, guidelines and the management plans which aim to conserve the scenic and landscape integrity of the AONB.
4.18 The NPPF policies also aim to ‘contribute and enhance the natural and local environment’ and to minimise impacts on biodiversity and provide net gains where possible and incorporate bio-diversity within developments.
4.19 Policy D6 in the Basingstoke and Dean Local Plan aims to ensure that development protects and maintains the rural landscape character.
4.20 Policy E1 aims to ensure development responds to the context of local buildings and where appropriate, a comprehensive landscape schemes should be prepared to successfully integrate proposals into their surroundings.
4.21 Policy E6 aims to contribute to and restore landscapes likely to be effected by development. In particular reference is made to the quality of the landscape as referred to in relevant Landscape Character Areas, which will be discussed in the next chapter. The policy also emphasises the potential impact development could have on sense of place, remoteness or tranquillity.
4.22 The landscape and Bio-diversity–SPD aims to ensure that landscape and bio- diversity is considered at an early stage in the planning process and that significant landscape impacts must be avoided through careful design and mitigation measure must only be used where avoidance through design is not achievable and where net gains in landscape and bio-diversity should be achieved.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
4.23 To ensure that the proposed development meets the requirements of the policies and guidelines above at the early stages of the design, measures could be incorporated within the masterplan aimed primarily at the scale, mass, vernacular construction and location of the development to reduce any potential adverse impacts on the setting of listed buildings, landscape and visual impacts on the AONB and the local landscape setting. Where appropriate existing vegetation on the site should be retained and integrated into the proposals.
4.24 At a secondary level careful consideration could be given providing substantial green infrastructure and provide a strong framework to further contain, absorb and reduce any potential residual adverse impacts from the proposed development on the landscape character, wildlife habitats and the visual amenity within the study area. Landscape proposal could be strategically located and of a scale and design to reflect the character of the local landscape within the AONB. There is the opportunity for native woodlands, tree, shrub and hedgerow planting on and around the site. Other key areas within the site could also be identified for creating additional habitats to enhance bio-diversity within the site.
Summary of Effects on Specific Landscape Designations
4.25 This section will assess the potential impacts on specific landscape designations within the study area as identified on plan ACLA /BDW 03.
Listed Building – The Setting of Skyers Farm Timber Barn
4.26 The Grade II listed barn is set within the context of the modern farmhouse, agricultural structures and functional spaces within the farm development. Although the character of the modern structures preserves the farmstead context of the site overall, the nature of the surrounding developments does not respond sympathetically to the historic character, scale and setting of the barn. The modern farmhouse is located within gardens in the western sections of the site and it has a predominantly westerly and southerly aspect towards open countryside with visual separation from the barn by a screen belt of evergreen planting. The agricultural barns to the east of the site are designed to be functional and do not have any architectural merit. They have not been sympathetically located to relate to the setting of the listed barn or any other site features. They have an inward facing aspect and predominant functional design.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
4.27 The sensitivity of the timber barn to change is expressed through its listed status. Although some of the traditional farmstead context of the barn is evident, the modern influences of surrounding unsympathetic development detract from its setting overall. Sympathetically designed proposals could contribute to the setting of the listed barn and it is likely it could accommodate a degree of change to its surroundings by replacement or substitution without affecting its overall integrity. Therefore the sensitivity to change is likely to be medium.
4.28 The proposed development has the potential to change the overall character of the farmstead and to create a closer relationship between the proposed dwelling, listed barn and other proposed buildings on site. Therefore the changes are likely to represent a high to medium alteration to the key characteristic within the immediate setting of the barn. The magnitude of change as a result of the proposals is likely to be medium and the degree of impact as a result of the proposal on the setting of the listed barn is therefore likely to be moderate/substantial to moderate. If the development is constructed on a sympathetic scale, layout and with material reflection the historic context of the barn the proposals could be judged as a positive addition to the setting of the listed timber barn.
Listed Building – May’s Farmhouse
4.29 The farmhouse is located at approximately 230m south of the application boundary. The building is enclosed by mature vegetation surrounding the property. However, there is the potential for some glimpsed or filtered views to the application site in the winter months. The farmhouse is likely to have a medium sensitivity to change as it could accommodate a partial loss without effecting the over integrity of the building. The proposed development is at some distance and relatively well screened, therefore the immediate setting of May’s Farm will not be affected. The development would represent a minor element in the wider landscape and other properties are more prominent within May’s farmhouse immediate setting. The proposed development is likely to represent a very minor alteration to the setting of the listed buildings in the wider landscape context and therefore the magnitude of change is likely to be negligible with a negligible degree of effect.
Listed Buildings associated with Ewhurst Park House
4.30 The stable block, church and walled garden are listed structures at an elevated location at approximately 1.5km to the west of the proposed development, which may
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
be visible as a partially screened new element in the wider landscape. As above the sensitivity of the setting of the listed buildings is assed as medium. The proposed development is likely to represent a very minor alteration to the setting of the listed buildings in the wider landscape at this distance, and therefore the magnitude of change is likely to be negligible with a negligible degree of effect.
Other Listed building in the Study Area.
4.31 Other listed buildings are located at Lower Farm, Digweeds Farm and within Ramsdell. Views towards the proposals are unlikely due to intervening vegetation and therefore the degree of change on these listed buildings is likely to be negligible.
Ramsdell Conservation Area
4.32 Policy E3 in the local plan aims to ensure development preserves or enhances the special character or appearance of the conservation areas. The boundary of the Ramsdell Conservation Area is located at approximately 200m to the east of the application boundary on the western boundary of Ramsdell.
4.33 The conservation area covers the majority of Ramsdell, which has essentially a semi- rural character with irregular arrangement of buildings reinforced by substantial tree/shrub belts and hedgerows creating a sense of enclosure. The western boundary of Ramsdell is also strongly reinforced by mature vegetation, screening and filtering views to the application site from many places with only occasional views outwards to open countryside. Therefore development outside the boundaries is less likely to be readily perceived from within the conservation area. It is likely that it can accommodate a moderate degree of change to its setting without a substantial impact on its inherent characteristics, particularly when taking into account the high level of screening on the western village boundary. The sensitivity to change is therefore likely to be medium.
4.34 The proposed development is located outside at approximately 200m from the boundary of the conservation area. The proposals will be smaller in scale, at a greater distance and less visually intrusive than the current agricultural buildings on the eastern boundary of the site. Therefore it is likely that the proposals will represent a very minor alteration to the key characteristics of the local built form and will not physically or substantially diminish the aims of the conservation area. Therefore the magnitude of change as a result of the development is likely to be low and the
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
significance of the effect is therefore likely to be slight. Visual impact will be further reduced if mitigation measures are implemented to integrate the development in its local landscape setting by sensitive use of vernacular building materials and a strong landscape structure to contain the proposals. Overall there may be a slight positive effect as a result of the development with the removal of the most visually intrusive agricultural barns and enhanced landscape setting.
Scheduled Monument
4.35 The remains of a Roman villa are located at approximately 1.7km to the south-west of the site in open fields. There are no obvious above ground features and the setting is devalued through modern agricultural practices and there is no public access. Therefore it is likely that moderate to substantial change could be accommodated to the setting of the scheduled monument without effecting its integrity and the sensitivity to change to its setting is assessed as low. Intervisibility with the application site is limited by intervening trees, hedgerows & woodland blocks and at a distance. The magnitude of the potential change is likely to represent a negligible alteration to its setting and the degree of impact is therefore likely to be negligible.
Ancient and Semi-Natural Woodland & Bio-Diversity Action Plan Priority Woodlands
4.36 The woodlands are identified as a priority habitat and are likely to be able to accommodate a moderate degree of change (positive or negative) without a substantial effect on their integrity and therefore its sensitivity is assessed as medium.
4.37 The closest woodlands to the application site are at 170m to the west and 180m to the east, on the western boundaries of Ramsdell. At this distance, it is unlikely that the development will not have a direct or indirect effect on the integrity of the woodlands. The development therefore will represent a minor alteration to the setting of the woodlands only. Therefore the magnitude of the change is likely to be negligible and the degree of effect is also likely to be negligible.
North Wessex Downs AONB
4.38 The sensitivity of the AONB to development is high as reflected in the weight given to its national, and local planning polices and the inherently high sensitivity of the landscape. The development would represent a very minor alternation to a key characteristic of the AONB within a localised area. In this location the magnitude of
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
change as a result of the re-development of the farmstead on the character and integrity of the wider AONB is likely to be negligible.
4.39 However, the proposed development will require careful consideration to comply with the policies and management strategies aimed at protecting the integrity of the AONB overall and on a local level. An assessment of the published landscape character areas and an assessment of impacts on the local landscape character within the study area have been undertaken in the following chapter.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
5. LANDSCAPE CHARACTER
5.1 Landscape character assessment is a technique used to develop a consistent understanding of what gives a landscape its character to ensure future development is well situated, sensitive to its location and contributes to environmental, social and economic objectives. The assessment identifies distinctive features, recognisable and consistent patterns of elements and natural and/or human features in the landscape that makes one area distinctive from another. An assessment of pressure for change, the ability of a given landscape to accommodate change, landscape sensitivity or key issues to change may also be undertaken. The assessment can also include strategies and guidelines for future development and management to retain and enhance particular inherent characteristics of the landscape.
National Character Map of England
5.2 The National landscape character is set out in Natural England’s ‘Character Map of England.’ The new National Character Area (NCA) profiles update the previously published Joint Character Area (JCAs) and Countryside Character Area descriptions (1998-1999 by the Countryside Agency).
5.3 The study area is located in the southern sections on NCA 129 - ‘Thames Basin Heaths’, a character area stretching from Newbury in the west to Esher in the east. Basingstoke in located on its southern boundary. Some of the relevant key characteristics of the NCA which are evident in the wider landscape of the study area have been extracted from the published document and include:
‘Plateaux of Tertiary sands and gravels in the London Basin, with intervening river valleys floored by London Clay. In the far west, Chalk forms the Hampshire Downs escarpment and the river beds of the Kennet and Pang.
High woodland cover, offering an array of colour in the autumn. Conifers and large plantations on former heathland are dominant features in the east, while the west is scattered with small, semi-natural woodlands on ancient sites.
Acid, leached soils mean that farming on the plateaux is limited to rough pasture, and that alternative land uses (such as forestry, golf courses and horse paddocks) have emerged. Heather, gorse, oak and birch all thrive here. Arable land and improved pasture are found in the valleys, on alluvium.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Beyond the large areas of heathland and woodland, there is a patchwork of small to medium-sized fields with woods. The legacy of historic hunting forests includes veteran trees, ancient woods, ancient hedgerows and parklands. Historic meadows remain as fragments along watercourses.
Prehistoric earthworks such as barrows and hill forts mark promontories on the plateaux. Archaeology is well preserved on historic heathland. Mosaics of open heathland and grassland with scrub, secondary woodland and plantation. Valley bogs, ponds and streams enhance diversity. Large, continuous mosaics are found in the east: they include Thursley, Ash, Pirbright and Chobham Special Area of Conservation (SAC), and Chobham Common National Nature Reserve (NNR).
Historic commons offer tranquillity and unenclosed views, while other rights of access are enjoyed across farmland, canals and downland. Ministry of Defence ownership restricts (but does not entirely prevent) public enjoyment.
Valley floors are wet with ditches, numerous watercourses, ponds, waterfilled gravel pits, reedbeds and carr. Historic features include mills, relict water meadows, and canals such as the River Wey Navigations.
20th-century conurbations, including Camberley, sprawl along the Blackwater Valley, with associated roads (including the M3) dissecting heathland and woodland into blocks. Elsewhere, there are winding lanes and historic dispersed villages and farmsteads of traditional, locally-made brick and tile.’
5.4 NCA 130- ‘Hampshire Downs’ lies within the southern sections of the study area covering the chalk escarpment. The key characteristics in the published document and observed during the site survey relevant to the site area are:
‘The rolling elevated, chalk arable downland has an open, exposed character that provides open skies and long-distance views.
Elevated plateaux and upper valley slopes are characterised by extensive open tracts of large, low-hedged fields with thin chalky soils, shelterbelts, and ancient semi-natural woodland blocks on clay-with flint caps on some of the steeper slopes.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
A network of distinctive and ancient droving roads and trackways is a particular feature across the Downs.
There is widespread evidence of prehistoric settlement on the open downlands, including burial mounds with visually prominent ironage hill forts. In the valleys, there is evidence of Roman estates and nucleated medieval village settlement patterns, and fieldscapes and farmsteads across the downlands evidence the gradual and planned enclosure from the medieval period.
The area’s distinctive appearance derives from the use of chalk cob (in the west), weatherboarded timber frame and small, handmade local brick with flint in traditional rural buildings and walls surrounding farm courtyards, with thatch surviving in many places.’
5.5 Due to the large scale of the character areas in relation to the limited scale and visual influence of the proposals within it, potential impacts on the key landscape characteristics, elements and overall integrity are likely to be negligible. Therefore the Thames Basin heaths and Hampshire Downs NCAs will not be taken forward as a landscape receptor in this report. Character changes are more appropriately discussed on a regional and district level below.
Regional & District Landscape Character
5.6 There are a number of comprehensive landscape character assessments and guidelines covering the study area and application site published by Hampshire County Council the local authority and the North Wessex Downs AONB Council of Partners.
Hampshire County Council Integrated Landscape Character Assessment
5.7 Hampshire County Council carried out an Integrated Character Assessment primarily aimed at large scale planning at a strategic level across the County.
5.8 The application site and northern sections of the study area are located in character area 2b ‘North Hampshire Lowland Mosaic’. This character area is further sub- divided into two character types, ‘Lowland Mosaic – Medium Scale’ on and around the site and ‘Lowland Mosaic – Small Scale’, to the North of Ramsdell. Character area 8b ‘Basingstoke Open Downs’ covers the elevated chalk land, south of Skyers Wood, in the southern sections of the study area. Character area 7b
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
‘Hannington and Dummer Downs’, a ‘Large Scale downland Mosaic’ landscape type is located in the south western sections of the study area, south of the A339.
Character Area 2b ‘North Hampshire Lowland Mosaic’
5.9 The site is located within the southern sections of this character area. The location and boundaries of the character area are described as ‘This character area is located in the north of the County and comprises an area of lowland well wooded landscape which is bounded to the west by a transition into a smaller scale farmland landscape and to the east by a transition into a more ordered landscape influenced by estate management. The southern boundary is defined by the distinct change in geology and relief of the chalklands and upper greensand. To the north the area is defined by the higher occurrence of acidic soils and heath as well as the River Enborne and the Hampshire County Boundary.’
5.10 The key characteristics of the North Hampshire Lowland Mosaic identified in the Integrated Character Assessment area are;
Gently undulating landform dissected by small chalk fed streams, in small valleys running south to north.
Medium and small scaled mixed farmland and woodland mosaic.
Blocks of broadleaved and mixed woodland often sinuous in shape which contain views and create wooded horizons.
Woodland coppice and old hedge banks are reoccurring features.
Juxtaposition of habitats, including woodland, pasture, remnant heathland, grassland and wetlands creates biological richness.
Pockets of predominantly arable farmland comprising medium scale regular fields defined by a strong structure of hedgerows and shaw woodlands.
Smaller scale fields of pasture along stream valleys.
Dispersed settlement pattern – villages to the south are more substantial whilst those to the north comprise a loose collection of buildings associated with exploitation of woodland.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
High concentration of timber framed buildings and use of mellow red brick, clay roof tiles and decorative use of blue brick in Flemish bond patterns.
Narrow rural lanes defined by high hedgerows.
Ancient woodland (often associated with historic deer parks) contributes to rich biodiversity.
5.11 A key quality of the area in the published document of particular relevance to the site is described as: ‘An enclosed and generally tranquil landscape comprising a medium- small scale mosaic of farmland and woodland defined by a strong hedgerow structure. In the south, views of rising land associated with the chalk contribute to the sense of place.’
Character Area 8b- Basingstoke Open Downs
5.12 This area is located across the southern sections of the study area. The location and boundaries of the character area are described as ‘This character area comprises an area of downland which forms a shallow bowl, within which the settlement of Basingstoke is located at the head of the River Loddon. It is the topography and settlement that unify this area. The northern boundary of this character area is particularly marked as a result of a dramatic change in geology to the lower lying heaths and clays. To the south the change is more transitional as the land rises onto an elevated and often wooded chalk plateau. The western and southern boundaries are marked by a gradual transition to a more enclosed mosaic of farmland and woodland.’
5.13 The key characteristics of the Basingstoke Open Downs character area are:
Rolling chalk landform with broad sweeping undulations, forming a bowl around the head of the River Loddon and north facing slopes which extend down to the lower lying heaths.
Extensive tracts of intensive arable cultivation defined by well trimmed hedgerows or ancient tracks and footpaths.
Visible framework of winding ancient lanes and tracks which formed boundaries to extensive open field systems and lead up to higher ground.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Generally low woodland cover with scattered blocks of woodland and stronger hedgerow structure in southern parts of the area.
An archaeologically significant area, with settlement and exploitation going back to prehistoric times.
Extensive areas of mid to late 20thC. urban development of Basingstoke which is visible, mainly from within the character area.
Major transportation routes include a Roman road, Basingstoke Canal, railway and M3.
Remote and quiet landscape outside of built up areas.
Beyond the major settlement of Basingstoke the landscape is lightly populated with low density nucleated villages and occasional farmsteads.
Sense of openness, space and emptiness, especially when climbing up out of the bowl shape landform where Basingstoke sits.
Character area 7B – Hannington and Dummer Downs
5.14 Character Area 7b ‘Hannington & Dummer Downs’ character area is located in the far south-western and western sections of the study and has some limited intervisibility with the site. The key characteristics of this character area are:
High elevated open chalk plateau covered by a thick and continuous clay with flints cap giving rise to a gently undulating topography.
Large open arable farmland enclosed with low hedgerows, trees and extensive woodland blocks.
Varied field pattern with medieval assarted fields in association with woodland, and formal enclosures set between older origin ladder system of droveways and tracks.
Varying intervisibilty due to areas of extensive semi-natural woodland blocks and small linear plantations on more open slopes.
Historically, a frontier landscape between the more intensively farmed downs to the west and the less intensively exploited landscape to the east.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Notable areas of parkland landscape.
Settlement consists of nucleated, small hamlets and scattered farms located on hilltops or within valleys.
Intricate network of narrow winding lanes contrasts with major transportation corridors.
Quiet and unspoilt rural character with a sense of openness and space, the northern part of which is designated AONB
5.15 The key characteristics outlined above are broadly in line with on site observations within the study area.
Basingstoke and Dean Landscape Assessment
5.16 The Basingstoke and Dean Landscape assessment was undertaken in May 2000. The main purpose of the assessment was to provide a more detailed understanding of the landscape resource in the Borough to assist with local plan polices and development control. The report also assesses the key issues relating to the landscape character in each area.
5.17 The site is located in the southern sections of the ‘North Sherborne’ character area. The ‘Basingstoke Downs’ character area is located to the south of the study area, at close distance to the site. The ‘Hannington Downs’ character area is located in the far south-western sections of the study area. There was no identifiable intervisibility with the application site and Hannington Downs and therefore impacts on the key characteristics this character area are unlikely.
North Sherborne Character Area
5.18 The key characteristics of the North Sherborne character area in the landscape assessment are:
gently undulating, subtle landform dissected by a network of minor tributary valleys;
pattern of predominantly arable farmland and improved grassland with occasional well-managed parkland, enclosed within an established woodland and hedgerow structure with many hedgerow trees;
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
south-west corner lies within North Wessex Downs AONB, and overall landscape typically has a rural character, except near Tadley and Mortimer to the north and Basingstoke/Chineham to the southeast. Generally quiet, apart from areas along the busy A340;
predominantly assarted and small parliamentary fields, giving way to large wavy, small wavy and parliamentary fields to the east;
two pockets of more open arable farmland towards the south-east, characterised by parliamentary fields with infrequent woodland cover and low, well-cut hedgerows, notably between The Vyne and North Chineham and to the north-west of Bramley;
variety of woodland, including small predominantly broadleaf copses and larger woodland such as Morgaston Wood and Carpenters Down Wood. Also Pamber Forest, which has placed a crucial role in the historical development of the area;
remnant areas of scarce habitat types including ancient semi-natural woodland, heathland (notably part of the Pamber Forest and Silchester Common SSSI), and neutral/acidic unimproved grassland. The latter includes Ron Wards Meadow with Tadley Pastures SSSI, one of Hampshire’s finest surviving hay meadow/pasture complexes;
three distinctive areas of parkland, 'The Vyne' (Grade II), Beaurepaire Park and Ewhurst Park, contributing a well-managed element to the landscape;
moderate intervisibility across the area, with vegetation and low-lying nature of the landscape containing distant views;
apart from the larger settlement of Tadley, a settlement pattern dominated by small villages, hamlets, isolated farmsteads and individual properties distributed throughout the rural landscape, reached through a network of narrow, winding roads;
remarkably preserved Roman town of Calleva Atrebatum (Silchester) and its associated earthworks, together with many other Scheduled Ancient Monuments, reinforcing the historic richness of the landscape.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Location and Boundaries
This character area lies in the north of the Borough and stretches from the more wooded Wolverton character area to the west, to the Loddon and Lyde valley system to the east. The northern boundary is marked by the settlement of Tadley, the enclosed plantation and heathland landscape of the North Silchester character area, and the Borough boundary. Its southern boundary is defined by the distinct change in geology between the clay/Bagshot Beds of the lowland mosaic and the chalkland to the south.
Overall Landscape Character
‘In common with much of the lowland landscape to the north of the Borough, this area is a patchwork of mixed farmland and woodland, which forms the setting for a diversity of other landscapes including managed parkland, minor valleys, and more extensive areas of woodland. Despite its diversity, the overall effect is a unified and balanced landscape, with the low-lying and gently undulating landform linking the various landscape types into one distinct character area. A small southern part of the area, between Wolverton and Ramsdell, lies within the North Wessex Downs AONB.
In many areas the landscape has retained a quiet, rural character, with a network of narrow, winding roads linking the dispersed villages, hamlets and isolated farmsteads. The quietness of the area is disrupted, however, in those areas along the A340 corridor, and the rural character affected near the larger settlements…’
Key Issues
poor species and structure diversity and ecological value within coniferous plantations;
under-management of the numerous ancient semi-natural woodlands, including hazel coppice woods;
loss of broadleaf woodlands;
relatively weak landscape structure, primarily within more open arable landscapes, and resulting need to encourage hedgerow planting;
management of hedgerows and field patterns of historic significance, and retention of hedgerow tree saplings;
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
management of road verges and hedgebanks, and damage from scrub encroachment, road improvements and legacy of agrochemical use on adjacent farmland;
lack of permanent grass field margins, including uncultivated buffer strips next to rivers, streams and other sensitive habitats;
loss of heath associated vegetation through inappropriate management and more intensive agricultural use;
management of unimproved neutral grassland and areas of neutral/acidic unimproved/semi-improved grassland, to maintain or enhance biodiversity;
some adverse impacts of horse grazing (e.g. rank grassland with weeds, poorly-managed boundaries or inappropriate styles of fencing etc.);
localised suburban influence of some built development and roads, including suburban styles of fencing, signage, lighting and planting, and impacts on quiet, rural character in immediate areas.’
5.19 As with the North Hampshire Lowland Mosaic character area in the county landscape assessment, the focus is on the wider character of the North Sherborn area. The application site is located on its southern boundaries where the character changes from the more enclosed landscape to the north to the open landscape of the chalk downs to the south, where the landscape is more typical of the Basingstoke Downs character area outlined below. The area has a relatively strong identity and where open views to the south are possible, there is a relatively stronger landscape character.
5.20 Despite the relatively high number of properties and other developments in the local area to the east, the landscape has retained its quiet and rural character overall. This is primarily due to the intimate landscape scale and high level of enclosure by woodlands and mature vegetation. Skyers farm is not a readily apparent development in the wider character area. However, where field boundaries are weak and planting is absent on the site boundary the development on site is locally prominent when judged in context with nearby developments, which are generally set within a strong landscape framework.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
5.21 Any development strategy or potential mitigation measures should aim to retain the existing quiet character and minimise visual intrusion in the wider landscape in line with the surrounding developments. The scale and choice of construction materials should be sympathetic to the character of the landscape surrounding Ramsdell. The weak landscape structure and the need to encourage hedgerow planting in the published character assessment could form a key element in integrating the development within its local landscape setting.
Basingstoke Downs Character Area
5.22 The key characteristics of the Basingstoke Downs character area in the landscape assessment are:
rolling landform to the north, becoming more undulating and northward sloping to the south;
predominantly large-scale farmland, lacking a distinctive sense of place;
provides landscape setting for the western and southern parts of Basingstoke, whilst the western third of the area lies within the North Wessex Downs AONB. Urban influences affect much of the area, with hospital and golf course development north of Basingstoke, further golf courses south-west of Basingstoke, and significant noise intrusion from M3 and A-roads;
open character formed by large-scale, arable fields, the mix of track-bound fields, large wavy-edged fields and parliamentary fields reflecting enclosure from post-medieval to 19th century times;
low, well-cut hedgerows and very few woodland blocks, although shelter belt planting exists north of Basingstoke, and very occasional remnants of ancient semi-natural woodland exists, especially concentrated in the south of the area;
high intervisibility within the area due to the lack of woodland or strong hedgerow structure, enabling views of Basingstoke from many parts of the character area;
limited settlement outside Basingstoke, with scattered isolated farmsteads and small villages/hamlets, linked by relatively small, narrow roads, contrasting with effective but intrusive road network linking Basingstoke with
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
surrounding areas via the M3 and A-roads. Roman road defines the abrupt, straight, western built edge
to Basingstoke, and the M3 corridor marks a similar sharp edge on the southern side;
various Scheduled Ancient Monuments, including Woodgarston ring motte, and a Roman site north-west of Woodgarston Farm.
Location and Boundaries
This irregularly-shaped area lies in the centre of the Borough, taking its form from the settlement of Basingstoke, which defines its eastern boundary and, for a part to the south, its northern edge. Most of its northern boundary is defined by the distinct change in geology, relief and vegetation characteristics between chalkland and lowland mosaic landscapes. The western and southern boundaries mark a transition to a more enclosed mosaic of farmland and woodland characteristic to the surrounding character areas.
Overall Landscape Character
This is an area of relatively consistent landscape character, the urban form of Basingstoke creating a unifying element within a landscape of varying landform. The area is characterized by a large-scale pattern of arable fields with low, well-trimmed hedges that have become weak and broken in places. These elements, together with the fact that woodland blocks are infrequent and very small-scale, bring a feeling of openness to the area. Urban influences, such as golf courses and main roads/motorway development, affect the character of parts of the landscape. The major settlement of Basingstoke, and its associated infrastructure, exerts a strong influence on the character of the immediate surrounding landscape, affecting its original rural character. In terms of settlement pattern, however, development outside Basingstoke is limited to a scattering of isolated farmsteads and small villages/hamlets.
Key Issues
under-management of some ancient semi-natural woodlands;
weakened hedgerow structure across the more extensive, open landscape types, resulting from previous hedgerow removal;
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
inappropriate general over-management of hedgerows (including ‘gapping up’) and field patterns of historic importance;
decline in extent of unimproved chalk grassland and sheep pasture through scrub encroachment and agricultural improvement, particularly conversion to arable farmland;
areas of intensive farming with low biodiversity levels;
management of grass field margins, road verges, hedgebanks, and uncultivated buffer strips adjacent to sensitive wildlife habitats to maintain or increase biodiversity;
intrusion of built development, urban land uses and major roads on the landscape.
5.23 The urban settlement and Basingstoke is not visible or apparent within the study area due to intervening topography. Therefore the southern sections of the study area retain their predominantly open rural character. This open landscape character contrasts with the semi-enclosed nature of the area surrounding the application site. Skyers Farm is located on the transition between the two contrasting landscape types and longer distance views to the site are more readily apparent than the more visually enclosed areas. The agricultural structures in the eastern sections of the site are readily noticeable from some localised areas in the south of the study area, particularly when the lighter colour of the cladding is contrasted with the darker colour of the extensive mature tree and woodlands when viewed from elevated locations. The visual intrusion of new buildings in the wider views from the south can be minimised with the removal of the agricultural structures and/or a strong landscape framework to screen views.
North Wessex Downs AONB Integrated Landscape Character Assessment (March 2002)
5.24 The North Wessex Downs landscape is of national significance and was designated as AONB in 1972. It covers a 1,730 sq km and stretches from Devizes, in Wiltshire, in an arch towards Swindon, Oxfordshire, Berkshire and Hampshire in the east. The application site is located within approximately 200m of the south-eastern boundary of the AONB. The assessment builds upon the previous Landscape Character Assessment and other Local Authority assessments to develop a consistent
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
approach across the AONB. It will therefore be used as an illustration for a more detailed assessment of the landscape character within the study area.
5.25 The site lies with the AONB character area Ewhurst Parklands whilst the southern sections of the study area lie within the AONB Hannington Downs AONB character area.
8F - Ewhurst Parklands Open Downlands
5.26 The application site is located close to the northern boundary of this character area. The relevant sections of the character area have been extracted below.
‘The character of this small lowland area is derived largely from the underlying geology with gently undulating clay slopes extending from the base of higher chalk upland to the south west. Land cover comprises medium sized arable and grass fields contained within intact hedgerow boundaries. There is abundant woodland cover in a series of small irregular copses forming part of Ewhurst Park. These together with the hedgerows provide a strong landscape structure and visual enclosure. The area includes several ponds and minor streams emerging onto the impermeable clay base and includes two designed lakes at Ewhurst Park, making water a particular feature compared to the dry chalk uplands. Ewhurst Park, located at the foot of the slopes, with its Home Farm, estate cottages, lakes, parkland planting and wooded copses, is the most prominent feature within the area. The well maintained estate landscape of intact hedgerows, uniform building style and local vernacular creates a strong unifying character.
Key Characteristics
a small character area at the base of the chalk downs, formed by the change in geology to heavier clays with sands and gravels. The character area extends beyond the AONB;
water is a particular feature of the landscape with several ponds and minor streams and two designed lakes at Ewhurst Park;
land cover comprises small-medium sized arable and grass fields contained within intact hedgerow boundaries. There is abundant woodland cover in a series of small irregular copses in Ewhurst Park;
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medieval deer parks are characteristic, with lengths of bank and ditch pales still evident in the landscape, for example at Wolverton Common (just outside the AONB);
heathland commons (wooded) are characteristic of the wider area and were once managed as part of the Royal Forest of Pamber;
Ewhurst Park, is the most prominent feature. The well maintained estate landscape of intact hedgerows, uniform building style and local vernacular creates a strong unifying character.
Key Issues
management of the parkland landscape with its lakes, pasture, woodlands and built features;
appropriate management of woodlands particularly ancient and semi natural woodlands formerly managed by coppicing;
maintenance of the hedgerow network;
decline in heathland in the wider landscape (not a feature within the AONB boundary).
Key Management Requirements
The overall management objective is to conserve and enhance the parkland character, with its lakes, woodlands, buildings and permanent pasture. Within the wider landscape there are opportunities for restoration and management of the mosaic of heathland and woodland.
5.27 The findings of the AONB integrated assessment where confirmed to be in line with a field survey. The requirements to conserve the character of the area will need to be reflected in the design of the proposed development to ensure that visual intrusion in the wider landscape is minimised. If mitigation measures are required these should ensure that they are appropriate and respect and enhance the local character and prevent unacceptable visual intrusion in this relatively small character area of the AONB. The poor maintenance of hedgerow networks is a key issue together with the restoration of the heathland and woodland mosaic.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
2G – Hannington Downs
5.28 This character area is located in the south of the study area across the chalk downs. The relevant sections of the character area have been extracted below.
Landscape character is largely derived from the continuous clay deposit, which has created the elevated open plateau landscape of the Hannington Downs. The internal landform is varied with a number of indentations formed by dry valleys, and hills to the north of the area, which add to visual diversity. Cottington’s Hill (225m AOD) and high points on the plateau at Hannington (200m AOD) provide panoramic views, which are reduced in slightly lower lying, more enclosed areas.
Land cover is a mix of open and semi-enclosed arable farmland/woodland mosaic, resulting in a changeable degree of intervisibility. The plateau top and western parts of the area are predominantly open with large arable fields, sometimes divided by low hedgerows and occasional small linear plantations. Within the more open exposed area, north of Hannington, long views are a feature and the mast at Cottington Hill and line o pylons are visually intrusive elements. Gallops are also a prominent feature on the northern slopes near Kingsclere. Mature hedgerow trees and woodland create a more enclosed landscape on the slopes to the east which are characterised by blocks of semi-natural woodlands of varying size and shape. These include a number of extensive woodland blocks, such as Hay Wood and Great Deane Wood.9.97. Settlement consists of the nucleated village of Hannington, centrally located on the plateau top. There are in addition a number of small hamlets such as North Oakley and Ibworth with scattered farms. An intricate network of narrow winding rural lanes connects Hannington and the smaller outlying settlements to the larger towns outside the AONB boundary. The A339T, cutting across the north- eastern edge of the area, is the only major road that runs through the area. The absence of new development also helps the area to retain a quiet unspoilt rural character.
Key Characteristics
a distinctive area distinguished by a thick and continuous clay capping forming a high plateau with landform dropping away to either side. Elevated points provide panoramic views;
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
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large open arable farmland on the plateau top, becoming more enclosed with hedgerows, trees and woodland on the slopes;
varied field pattern with medieval assarted fields in association with woodland, and piecemeal enclosures between droveways and tracks;
extensive semi-natural woodland blocks on the slopes to the south and east, with small linear plantations on the more open slopes to the west, resulting in a changeable degree of intervisibility;
isolated round barrows, located on prominent ridges and hilltops are a subtle feature;
settlement consists of the nucleated medieval plateau top village of Hannington and a number of small hamlets with scattered farms;
an intricate network of narrow winding lanes;
a quiet and unspoilt rural character, with a sense of openness and space.
Key Issues
intensive arable farming leading to loss of biodiversity plus damage to archaeological features;
changes in farming practices - including loss of livestock so that some areas of pasture are no longer grazed - with scrub encroachment or managed by horse grazing with associated visual impacts (rank grassland, poorly managed boundaries and inappropriate fencing);
some weakening of the hedgerow structure - loss of boundaries and mature hedgerow trees, plus poor management of remaining hedgerows;
lack of appropriate woodland management particularly ancient and semi natural woodland blocks formerly managed by coppicing;
localised visual intrusions, e.g. pylon lines and large scale farm buildings, plus potential future demand for tall structures on the open summits e.g. for wind turbines/masts, which would have a major impact on the quiet rural character of the area;
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increased traffic levels on the narrow rural lane network;
loss of tranquillity.
Key Management Requirements
The overall management objective is to conserve and enhance the quiet rural character of the Hannington Downs, with its sense of openness and space. Key features to be conserved and enhanced are the open plateau and long views, archaeological features and the field patterns. The woodland pattern on the lower slopes is an important characteristic and should be maintained. There are opportunities for woodland creation and hedgerow restoration to link isolated small sites. The sparse settlement pattern comprising the nucleated hill top village and a small number of scattered hamlet and farms connected by a network of rural lanes should be maintained.
5.29 As with the Basingstoke and Dean Landscape assessment for the Basingstoke Downs, the open landscape character contrasts with the semi-enclosed nature of the area surrounding the application site. The large-scale agricultural buildings of Skyers Farm can be a readily noticeable feature set in a wooded context. Any development should therefore be of a sympathetic scale and design and ideally accompanied by a strong landscape framework to absorb and enhance the development within the wider landscape and preserve the quite rural character of the area overall.
The North Wessex Downs AONB Management Plan 2014-19
5.30 This document is the statutory Management Plan for the North Wessex Downs AONB. The North Wessex Downs Council of Partners and relevant local authorities have approved the plans and it was submitted to Parliament in December 2014. It sets out objectives and policies for AONB partners over the next five years.
5.31 The primary purpose of AONB designation is ‘conserving and enhancing the natural beauty of the area’ ‘In pursuing the primary purpose of the designation, account should be taken of the needs of agriculture, forestry and other rural industries and of the economic and social needs of local communities’.
5.32 The Management Plan 2014-19 will ‘seek to support a viable rural economy, so as to provide resources for those who manage the area’s landscapes’ and ‘outline the
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
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principles of our response to development that may affect the beauty and tranquillity of the North Wessex Downs’
5.33 Some of the relevant potential key issues relating to the landscape in the plan state:
‘Maintenance and, where possible, extension of chalk grassland habitat.
Conserving and enhancing the remoteness and expansive open scale of the downland landscape.
The need for viable agriculture to continue to contribute to AONB purposes.
Conserving and enhancing the remote, secluded and relatively undeveloped character of more enclosed and intimate landscapes, including the character of the lanes.
The dominance of roads, in particular the impact of traffic noise, external lighting, road signs, insensitive materials and clutter on landscape character and people’s experience of the landscape as they travel through it.
Maintaining the pattern of discrete villages set within a quiet rural landscape and ensuring that the views to the surrounding dramatic scarps are undamaged.
Intense pressure for development throughout the AONB and its setting that threatens the character and quality of its landscape and risks merging of small settlements or encroachment by larger settlements.’
5.34 Some of the relevant North Wessex Downs AONB Policies are:
‘Encourage all partners and other stakeholders to have regard for AONB purposes across all relevant policies, programmes and activities.
Wherever possible seek to identify and address the main factors that threaten the special qualities of the AONB landscape: e.g. water abstraction, agricultural practices; woodland neglect; damage to historic sites, built development.
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Use the North Wessex Downs Integrated Landscape Character Assessment to inform policy and decision making across the AONB and its setting.
Support, encourage and promote good practice across all sectors that conserves and enhances the character and qualities of the North Wessex Downs landscape.
Support and encourage efforts to conserve and explain the rich heritage of the North Wessex Downs, including archaeological sites.
Ensure that all development in or affecting the setting of the AONB conserves and enhances the character, qualities and heritage of the North Wessex Downs landscape.’
5.35 Some of the relevant development key issues are;
‘The loss of rural character through suburbanising influences from new development (new fencing, lighting, signage, parking areas, paved footpaths, loss of native hedgerows and creation of new garden areas).
The threat of incremental housing development outside settlements from unwarranted conversions and redevelopments; or unjustified rural workers accommodation.
Impact on dark skies and tranquillity of high-powered external lighting, especially where poorly directed or in an exposed location (not usually subject to planning control).
Impact from equestrian uses and structures generally where new development is expansive in area, in greenfield locations, poorly designed and/or located on exposed sites.
Substantial new farm buildings where unjustified, poorly designed and or located in exposed locations.
Development that results in a material loss of tranquillity and / or impact on the dark night skies within the North Wessex Downs or its setting.
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Development, where relevant, that does not provide for or support existing Green Infrastructure.
Development where appropriate, that does not provide for appropriate mitigation
Large-scale new commercial uses or inappropriate farm diversification projects.
Impact of road signage, street lighting and other highway clutter on landscape character, including within settlements. Measures which have an urbanising effect on AONB character and are thus generally inappropriate include: oversized, multiple and yellowbacked road signs; new street lighting in previously unlit locations; lighting that allows spillage or glare; road markings; concrete kerbing; illuminated bollards; fencing; and elaborate traffic-calming schemes.’
5.36 Some of the development objectives are:
‘To encourage appropriate sustainable development to jointly achieve economic, social and environmental benefits through the planning system in the context of a nationally protected landscape.
To ensure that the formulation and implementation of planning policies across the North Wessex Downs takes full account of the purposes of designation and the character and quality of the AONB and its setting.
To promote a sustainable rural economy.
Encourage all proposals for new development, redevelopment and re-use to conserve and enhance the natural beauty of the North Wessex Downs. Oppose forms of development that fail to conserve and enhance the character and quality of the AONB and its setting and to make reference to the AONB’s published guidance.
Encourage high standards of design, comprehensive landscaping where required, traditional building styles, energy conservation and innovation that respect historic settlement patterns and the distinctive character of the North Wessex Downs.
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Encourage Local Plans, Supplementary Planning Documents and other policies to take account of the statutory protection of the AONB, in terms of location of development affecting the AONB and its setting, and specific AONB policy.
Support the need for Local Plans and Supplementary Planning Documents and other policies to address issues such as landscape impact, local character, materials and historic structure and scale of settlements.
Encourage the consideration of landscape impacts at the earliest opportunity in the planning process and the provision of Landscape and Visual Impact Assessments and Environmental Impact Assessments where required.
Resist noise-generating developments and activities both within the AONB and its setting.
Avoid and reduce light pollution, including control of lighting schemes or other developments that threaten the integrity of dark night skies within the North Wessex Downs.
Encourage, support and promote good practice in the design and management of roads in the AONB and its setting that conserves and enhances the character of the landscape and settlements.
Support appropriate and sustainable farm diversification activities where planning applications are supported by a whole farm plan and linked to design guidance.
Encourage the use of planning briefs or master plans which guide developments within and on the edge of the North Wessex Downs and take account of AONB purposes.
Encourage the retention of existing and provision of new ‘Green Infrastructure’. Ensure that ‘Green Infrastructure’ (including new or enhanced biodiversity assets) is incorporated within the area of all “major developments”, both within and near the AONB.
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Support the development of strategies and integrated projects to manage the pressures and opportunities presented by the AONB’s close proximity to its surrounding urban centres.’
5.37 To comply with the policies and address key issues of the North Wessex Downs Management Plan (2014-2019) measures should be incorporated within the proposals aimed at reducing the impacts on the rural character of the landscape. The built form will not be located in an overly prominent position and will take advantage of screening by existing vegetation. The close cluster of buildings will be retained and the application site will retain much of its agricultural character. The new buildings will have a high standard of design using vernacular materials. Surface finishes will be low key with the aim of retaining the rural character. Comprehensive landscape proposals will also be included with the aim of strengthening the local landscape structure, integrating the proposals within the local landscape and screening key rural views. This should ensure the quality and character of the wider landscape is preserved and any potential impacts are minimised.
The Local Landscape Character
5.38 At a local level, within up to between 100-400m of the site, Skyers Farm and associated buildings are a prominent development where views are possible. The majority of other local buildings are constructed in a traditional and vernacular style and the agricultural character of the farmstead contrasts with the more domestic, intimate and smaller scale of nearby properties. The farm is a nucleated development physically distinct from the village of Ramsdell. The open aspects and lack of enclosure in the eastern sections of the site also contribute to the prominence in the local landscape.
5.39 As pointed out earlier, the existing site contrasts with the high level of enclosure by a strong landscape framework surrounding other properties in the local area. This enclosure by woodlands limits the visual influence of Skyers Farm to the north. The more open landscape and semi-enclosure by woodland blocks to the south however allow for the visual influence of the site to be more prominent locally.
5.40 The overall character of the site itself is of a functional farmstead set in a rural location with a moderate level of enclosure to the north & west and open pleasant views to the south. The relationship with Ramsdell, although only 200m to the east, is not particularly strong due to the containment on the western boundaries of the
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
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village by significant vegetation. The buildings on site, despite containing a listed barn, have an overall modern agricultural character that is dominated by the modern agricultural structures and barns in the eastern sections of the site. The farmhouse itself is a relatively modest dwelling and is screened and separated from the other site buildings by an evergreen tree belt. As the agricultural barns are not currently in use the farmstead has a slightly derelict quality.
5.41 Although the farmhouse itself does not have any particular architectural merit, the gardens are well maintained with ornamental and native planting and pleasant views to open countryside.
5.42 A notable view from the site is towards the chalk ridgelines to the south, where the views are framed by Skyer’s Wood and May’s Copse. There is very little visual evidence of other properties or development to the south of the site whilst there is some limited intervisibility with properties on the western boundary of Ramsdell through mature vegetation.
5.43 Given the overall quiet rural quality of the landscape set against the contrasting character of Skyers Farm with its intrusive modern agricultural structures, the sensitivity of the local area and site to change is assessed as medium.
Summary of Effects on Landscape Character
5.44 The sections of the study area over which the development has the potential to have an impact is predominantly rural, tranquil and generally devoid of visually significant settlement. Overall it has a quiet rural character where the visual influence of the village of Ramsdell and other development is not prominent in the wider landscape due to the enclosure by vegetation and intimate landscape scale. It is at the more distant views, from elevated areas to the south, that development on the southern edge of the Hampshire Lowlands and North Sherborne character area around the site is more prominent. In particular Ewhurst Park House and the agricultural barns in the eastern sections of the application site are noticeable developments set within, and against, the backdrop of a well-wooded landscape context.
5.45 The County Integrated Character Assessment states that the areas surrounding the proposed development are generally tranquil, enclosed and a small-scale farmland and woodland mosaic, where views of rising land contribute to a sense of place. The Basingstoke and Dean Landscape Assessment states that areas to the north of the
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study area have a unified and balanced character. The area to the south is assessed as having a unifying character with a feeling of openness.
5.46 The AONB Integrated Character Assessment states that the overall objective is to conserve and enhance the character of the study area. Reflecting local landscape character and using local materials is also considered vital to maintain the essential character of the AONB.
5.47 North Hampshire Lowlands, North Sherborne & Ewhurst Parklands Open Downlands Character Areas
5.48 These character areas are located in the northern sections of the study area where the application site is located. The character areas are relatively large in scale in relation to the proposed development. The sensitivity of the landscape character is therefore as medium as it is likely that moderate changes could be accommodated to the character area without a significant loss of overall value. This is primarily due to the strong sense of enclosure by trees, woodlands and hedgerows, which has ensured that the area retains its rural integrity whilst containing a moderate level of development.
5.49 The proposals would represent a minor alteration and a minor element contributing to the character of the wider landscape, partly due to the high level of enclosure limiting intervisibility. The large-scale agricultural barns and farmhouse are proposed to be replaced by a smaller scale development overall. If sympathetically designed, this could result in a positive character impact and less intrusive development. As such, the magnitude of the impact on the wider character area is likely to be low. The degree of change as a result of the proposed development within the northern sections of the study area likely to be slight and potentially positive.
Basingstoke Open Downs, Basingstoke Down & Hannington Downs Character Areas
5.50 The open chalk downlands in the south of the study area have a unified open character and a strong relationship with the character areas above, which could be considered as part of the character area’s setting on its northern boundary. The simple landscape character and open views are likely to have a high sensitivity to development as it would only be able to accommodate a minor change without having an impact on its overall character across a wide area. The proposals however would represent a minor alteration to a key characteristic of the setting on the boundaries of the character area only. Therefore the magnitude of the change is
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
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likely to be low with a slight and potentially positive overall effect on the character area. With the replacement of less intrusive development in the eastern sections of the site there is the potential for the development to have positive impact on the wider landscape character.
The Site Character and Immediate Setting
5.51 The sensitivity of the site and surrounding areas have been assessed as having a medium sensitivity to change earlier in this chapter.
5.52 The proposals are likely to bring about a high level of change to the character of the site itself with the demolition and replacement of the majority of buildings, particularly given that the boundaries are relatively open, particularly in the east. The farmstead character of the site is likely to be changed substantially with the introduction of lower level vernacular architectural structures in the centre of the site and the replacement of the farmhouse, with a larger vernacular dwelling in this west. The relationship of built form to the retained listed barn will also change and the visually prominent barns in the east of the application site will be partially removed and the area returned to pasture with the overall effect or reducing the perceived scale of the grouping of buildings. With the retention of the larger barns the site will retain some of the traditional agricultural character. The character impacts of the proposed development on the site and immediate setting are therefore likely to be moderate/substantial.
5.53 There is the potential that the development could contribute positively to the local landscape character if sympathetically designed. Appropriate mitigation measures should also be considered to integrate the development in its local landscape setting through sympathetic design to reduce any potential impacts beyond the site. A strong landscape framework typical of the local area will also further minimise character impacts on and around the site.
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6. VISUAL AMENITY
Introduction
6.1 This section examines the influence of the landscape on the visual amenity in the area, focusing on landform, vegetation and visual key features and characteristics which link back to the previous landscape character descriptions as appropriate. Existing visibility of the site and key viewpoints are illustrated on plans ACLA/BDW 02 & 05. Key viewpoints selected for the LVIA are included on photo sheets in Appendix 3. These views have been selected to represent key visual receptors which may also illustrate effects on landscape receptors and character areas as appropriate.
The Existing Zone of Visual Influence (see plan ACLA/BDO 05)
6.2 The potential ‘zone of visual influence’ of the proposed development is relatively limited owing to the high degree of tree cover in the study area. The topographical study in combination with field observations, set the distance boundaries at:
Up to 500m Close Distance – the development and associated proposals are likely to be a recognisable and prominent new element where views are possible;
500 to 1km Middle Distance – the development and associated proposals are likely to be a recognisable but not a prominent new element in views;
2km and over Long Distance – the overall development may be noticed in clear conditions but without perception of detail;
6.3 A varied combination of topography, settlement patterns and vegetation types will also determine the overall zone of visibility of the site within the study area in varying degrees. Visual containment by the chalk ridgelines to the south and west of the site and screening by woodlands and other vegetation resulted in the potential ‘Zone of Visual Influence’ of the development restricted to approximately 1.8km to the south, 1.6km to the west, 600m to the north and 300m to the west. At longer distances of up to 2.5km the development is unlikely to be perceptible as a new element in the wider landscape. Many of the potential views from closer distance are partially screened by intervening woodland blocks, hedgerows and mature garden vegetation.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
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Brief Description of Key Viewpoints
6.4 The key views for the appraisal were selected from a large number of viewpoints assessed in the field based on an initial desktop evaluation of the topography. They have been selected to provide a typical range of receptors, distance and directions of views. Those areas visited but omitted included the A339 road corridor, Charter Alley and Ramsdell.
6.5 Open views to the site are possible at close distance to the south & east. Filtered and partially screened views were identified from Lloyds Lane, the semi-detached property at 90m to the west of the site, Ewhurst Park House, properties on the western boundary of Ramsdell and longer distance views from the chalk ridgeline to the south.
6.6 At close distance views are limited to:
The PRoW close to the southern and eastern site boundary.
Potential views from the properties on the western perimeters of Ramsdell, including the Vicarage, Brookside, 2 Lloyds Lane (to the west of Church Close) and areas on and adjacent to the cricket club on Baughurst Road.
Views from Lloyds Lane (Ewhurst Rd) to the north of the site,
Numbers 4 & 5 on Lloyds Lane at 90m west of the site
Potentially from May’s Farmhouse at 185m south of the site.
6.7 At middle distance views are limited to PRoW at low-level to the south and south west of the site.
6.8 At long distance there are potential partially screened views from elevated areas in and around Ewhurst Park House, the PRoW to the south of Skyer’s Wood and the PRoW south-east of Lower Farm. There are also occasional and filtered views from the PRoW on the chalk ridgeline and Basingstoke Road, up to approximately 1.8km to the south-east of the site.
6.9 No other longer distance views could be identified due to the enclosure by ridgelines to the west and south and the wooded character of the landscape to the north and east.
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Selection of Representative Viewpoints
6.10 The selected viewpoints (Appendix 2) are not intended to cover every single possible view but are intended to be representative of a range of views at a range of distances to the site. The photographs where taken on the 21st May 2014.
Viewpoint 1 – From Lloyds Lane (Ewhurst Road).
6.11 This photograph is taken from approximately 235m north of the proposed development from Lloyds Lane (Ewhurst Rd) close to the boundary of Ramsdell. The view is looking south-west over an existing field gate towards the north eastern site boundary. The views tend to be intermittent and transient and partially screened. The listed barn and farmhouse in the western sections of the site are not readily visible from this location. The viewpoint was selected to illustrate typical close distance views from the western perimeters of Ramsdell and the open nature of the eastern site boundary.
Viewpoint 2 – From the PRoW 500m west of Lower Farm viewing north.
6.12 The photograph has been taken from approximately 950m south of the site. May’s Farmhouse is visible against the backdrop of trees. The site itself is largely screened with partial views to the agricultural buildings on the eastern sections of the site, set within the context and backdrop of woodlands. The views tend to be localised due to intervening vegetation and the western sections of the site are not visible. The view has been selected to represent occasional partial and glimpsed low level and close/middle distance views to the south.
Viewpoint 3 – From the PRoW on the chalk ridgeline to the south of the site.
6.13 The photograph was taken from an elevated open location at approximately 1.6km on the chalk ridgeline south of the site, viewing north. The agricultural buildings in the eastern sections of the site are noticeable due to the light colour of the cladding contrasting with the darker colour of the surrounding trees. The upper storeys of Skyers Farmhouse are just visible behind May’s Copse. The viewpoint has been selected to represent localised elevated views towards the site from the chalk ridgeline. The view also illustrates the contrast between the densely wooded landscape in the northern sections of the study area and the more open landscape character to the south.
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Viewpoint 4 – From the PRoW between the site and Ramsdell, to the east.
6.14 The viewpoint is a close distance view at approximately 120m east of the site towards the agricultural buildings. It illustrates the relatively open eastern site boundary. The view has been selected to represent typical views at close distance to the east of the site and the low level of screening by intervening vegetation on the eastern boundary.
6.15 Viewpoint 5 – From the PRoW to the south east of the site.
6.16 The viewpoint is at close distance approximately 40 m from the eastern site boundary and viewing north-west. The photograph illustrates the large-scale agricultural barns in the eastern sections of the site and the relatively open views. The viewpoint has been selected to represent localised close distance open views from the south-east.
Viewpoint 6 – From the PRoW to the south of the site.
6.17 The viewpoint is a close distance view at approximately 45m south of the site. The modern agricultural barns are a dominant element in this view. Skyers Farmhouse is also partially visible to the left of the photograph. The viewpoint has been selected to represent close distance open views from the south.
Viewpoint 7 – From the PRoW to the south of Skyers Farmhouse.
6.18 The viewpoint is a close distance view at approximately 110m south of the site. Skyers Farmhouse is partially screened by vegetation on its eastern boundary. The relatively open nature of the south-west site boundary is also illustrated. The viewpoint has been selected to represent typical close distance views of the farmhouse from the south
Viewpoint 8 – From the PRoW in open fields to the south-west of the site.
6.19 The viewpoints is a close distance view at 330m to the south-west of the site, close to the north-east boundary of Skyers Wood. Properties numbers 4 & 5 on Lloyds Lane are visible to the right of the photograph. Skyers Farmhouse is partially screened by site boundary vegetation and there are open views to the agricultural barns in the eastern sections of the site. The viewpoint has been selected to represent close to middle distance views form the south-west and illustrates the open and semi-enclosed southern site boundary
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
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Viewpoint 9- From the PRoW south of Skyer’s Wood, viewing north.
6.20 This is a long distance viewpoint at approximately 1.2km south of the site. The western sections of the site and Skyers Farmhouse are screened by hedgerow trees. The agricultural barns in the eastern sections of the site are partially screened by intervening hedgerow trees. The viewpoint has been selected to represent long distance views from the south-west and also illustrates the character and level of woodland cover to the south of the site.
Viewpoint 10 –From the PRoW on the eastern boundaries of Skyer’s Wood
6.21 Middle distance view at approximately 550m south-west of the site. The site is partially screened by intervening hedgerow trees. The viewpoint has been selected to represent the changing degree of screening when viewing the site at close to middle distance views from the south and south-west.
Viewpoint 11- From the site access off Lloyds Lane (Ewhurst Road)
6.22 Close distance views south towards the northern application boundary. The listed barn is more prominent in this view. Skyers farmhouse and the barns in the eastern sections of the site are partially screened by intervening vegetation. The viewpoint has been selected to represent occasional glimpsed and filtered views to the site through the boundary vegetation and roadside hedgerows to the north of the site.
Viewpoint 12 – From Lloyds lane (Ewhurst Road) adjacent to property Nos. 4 & 5.
6.23 Close distance views at approximately 80m from the western site boundary, partially screened by gappy roadside hedgerows. The view represents occasional, filtered and transient views from the road corridor towards Skyers Farmhouse, and partially filtered views to the listed barn. It also illustrates the potential nature of the views from property numbers 4 & 5 located nearby. The partial screening by garden vegetation on the western site boundary is also illustrated.
Viewpoint 13 – From west of property nos. 4 & 5 on Lloyds lane (Ewhurst Road)
6.24 Close distance at approximately 230m west of the site. Occasional transient and glimpsed views from the road corridor where the hedgerow is gappy. Skyers farmhouse is partially visible through vegetation on the western site boundary. The viewpoint has been selected to represent transient and occasional partially filtered views to the west.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Viewpoint 14 – Baughurst Road close to the south east corner of the recreation ground
6.25 Middle distance view at approximately 510m north-east of the site. A low ridgeline screens low-level views to the site. The roof of the listed barn is visible and the upper sections of Skyers Farmhouse is partially screened by site boundary vegetation. The viewpoint has been selected to represent potential typical views from roads and properties at close to middle distance to the north-east of the site
Viewpoint 15 –From Basingstoke Road tot the south of the site, viewing north.
6.26 Long distance views from the chalk ridgeline at approximately 1.75km south of the site. Glimpsed and filtered views to the rooflines of the agricultural barns in the eastern sections of the site are possible. The viewpoint has been selected to represent typical long distance views from the south- east. It also illustrated the relatively high level of screening around the site and the contrast between the wooded landscape in the north of the study area and the more open landscape to the south.
Effects on Visual Receptors
6.27 Visual receptors with potential views to the development site have been assessed in terms of their sensitivity and the nature, extent and magnitude of the change. A conclusion on the overall degree of the visual effect brought about by the proposals is then assessed.
6.28 Some receptors may not be included if other nearby key receptors have been discussed or are similar to views from those receptors. Key receptors include road, properties, recreational areas and PRoW within the visual envelope of the development. These have been selected by professional judgement during site work and the desk study. The aim is to present a thorough and reasoned evaluation of the whole study area whilst keeping the amount of information at a reasonable and accessible level.
6.29 Table 1 – Visual Effects (see the Detailed Assessment Methodology in appendix 3)
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Receptor Distance Predicted Change Sensitivity Magnitude Effect
1. <5 to 500m The removal of the modern High High to Substantial barns to the east of the site and adjacent to Medium to Moderate Users of the return to pasture. The removal the site, PRoW at of the existing farmhouse and medium at close replacement with larger scale longer distance to property. The garage and pool distance. the south & house will also be visible. The east of the removal of the modern barns site will reduce the overall scale of the agricultural buildings. The new development will be prominent in the view. The magnitude of the change is likely to highest at close distance to the south- eastern site boundary.
2. 0.5-1.2km The removal of the easterly Medium Medium Moderate agricultural barns & the Users of the replacement of the farmhouse PRoW at with a larger scale property and middle/long smaller scale ancillary buildings. distance to The views are partially screened the south by intervening vegetation west of the site
3. 0.7-1km The partial removal of views to Medium Low Slight the agricultural barns in the east Users of the of the site may result in the PRoW at proposals being less intrusive in middle the wider view. The new house distance to may be more visible. the south of the site
4. 1.3 to The partial removal of the Medium Low Slight 1.6km agricultural barns. The Users of the replacement of the farmhouse PRoW on the with a larger scale property. The chalk upper storeys of the proposed ridgeline to farmhouse may be more visible the south of balanced against the removal of the site structures in the east of the site
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Receptor Distance Predicted Change Sensitivity Magnitude Effect
which will be less prominent or absent in the view. All views partially screened by woodland vegetation.
5. 85m The replacement of the existing Medium Medium Moderate farmhouse with a larger scale Residents of dwelling in the western sections property of the site. Views likely to be nos. 4-5 more prevalent from widows on Lloyds Lane the gable end of no. 4 & garden at close areas. However, views distance to substantially screened by the west of garden boundary vegetation. the site
6. 300m Possible filtered or glimpsed Medium Low Slight views to eastern sections of the Residents of new development through the Vicarage intervening vegetation in winter. at close distance to the north west of the site
7. 170m Possible filtered or glimpsed Medium Low Slight views to the new development Residents of through substantial intervening May’s vegetation in winter. Farmhouse at close distance to the south of the site
8. 140m The loss of views to the eastern Medium Medium Moderate agricultural barns. Potential Residents of views to eastern sections of the Brookside proposals & the restored Cottage at farmland from the rear of the close property. The view framed & distance to partially screened by intervening the south- vegetation. east of the
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Receptor Distance Predicted Change Sensitivity Magnitude Effect
site
9. 250m The loss of views to the Medium Moderate Moderate agricultural barns in the east of Residents of the site. Oblique views from rear 2 Lloyds upper windows & possibly rear Lane (to the garden areas to the new east of development in the eastern Church sections of the site. Close) on the western boundary of Ramsdell
10. 300-400m The removal of the agricultural Medium Low to Slight to barns and possible partial, negligible Negligible Other glimpsed or filtered views to the properties in upper stories or rooflines of the Ramsdell new development in the eastern sections of the site from the north-east
11. 1.3km The partial removal of the Medium Low Slight agricultural barns and the Ewhurst addition of smaller scale Park House buildings and the replacement of and the farmhouse with a larger associated property. Views partially properties at screened by intervening long vegetation distance to the west of the site
12. 100-300m The removal of the large scale Low Medium to Slight to agricultural barns in the east of Low negligible Users of the site and replacement by Lloyds Lane smaller scale buildings and the (Ewhurst replacement of the farmhouse Road) with a larger property. Views partially screened by intervening vegetation, filtered and transient
13. 1.7km The partial removal of the large Low Low Negligible
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Receptor Distance Predicted Change Sensitivity Magnitude Effect
scale agricultural barns in the Users of eastern sections of the site. The Basingstoke views are substantially screened Road by trees.
14. 400-600m Glimpsed views to the rooflines Low Low Negligible of the replacement property. Users of Views partially screened by Baughurst intervening vegetation and Road transient views
15. 400-600m Views to the upper sections the Medium Low Slight replacement farmhouse partially Users of the screened by site boundary recreation vegetation. ground at close/middle distance view to the north-east
Summary of Visual Effects
6.30 The highest visual impacts have been assessed for recreation users of the PRoW at close distance to the south of the site. From these locations the proposed dwelling will be seen as a prominent new development in the view. The removal of the modern barns will reduce the overall scale of the agricultural buildings. The magnitude of the change is likely to be greatest close to the site boundary and reduced at greater distance, where intervening vegetation filters and breaks up views to the proposals. Therefore visual effects are assessed as substantial and fall to moderate adverse at greater distance from the site. With sympathetic design the effects have the potential to be positive.
6.31 Visual impacts for the residents at 4-5 Lloyds lane (Ewhurst Road) have been assessed as moderate adverse as the larger scale new dwelling could form a recognisable new element in the view from key living areas. However, there is a high level of screening by intervening vegetation, particularly with the garden areas of the property. Moderate and potentially positive visual impacts have also been assessed
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
for residents at Brookside Cottage and 2 Lloyds Lane, where views from the rear of the properties are possible to the removed barns. Moderate adverse impacts are also likely from sections of the PRoW at middle/long distance to the south-west of the site, where the proposed farmhouse will be a more prominent development in a rural landscape balanced against the loss of the modern agricultural barns in the eastern sections of the site.
6.32 Although there will be some close distance views from Lloyds Lane (Ewhurst Road), the lane is assessed a having low sensitivity to change and therefore the resulting visual impacts are likely to be slight and potentially positive with the removal of the modern barns.
6.33 Elsewhere, visual impacts are assessed as slight to negligible. A primary factor contributing to the lower visual impacts is the substantial screening by woodland blocks and mature vegetation forming the setting to residential properties.
6.34 Based on the visual impact assessment, mitigation measures should primarily be aimed at reducing visual impacts on the PRoW at close distance to the east & south of the site and middle distance views to the south-west. Mitigation measures can also aim to address the impacts on views from the properties on Lloyds Lane (Ewhurst Road) to the east of the site and on 2 Lloyds Lane and Brookside Cottage, to the north-east and south-east of the site respectively to reduce the visual intrusion of the modern barns.
6.35 The impacts will be addressed in the mitigation section of this report and will take the form of primary mitigation inherent within the layout and the design and scale of the proposals.
6.36 A secondary level of mitigation is also proposed to further mitigate and reduce any adverse effects as a result of the development. This will primarily be in the form of native hedge and woodland planting as green infrastructure to integrate the proposals in the wider landscape and screen identified key views. The proposals will also aim to enhance the landscape structure and character of the area and extend and create habitats in line with the current planning polices and management guidelines.
6.37 With the removal of the large scale barns, restoration of farmland in the east of the site and the introduction of a high quality development with a strong landscape
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
framework there is the potential for the proposed development to have a positive effect of the visual amenity of the area.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015 7. EFFECT ON LANDSCAPE FEATURES
7.1 With the re-development of the site the impacts on the existing buildings and surrounding areas on site are likely to be high.
7.2 The proposals aim to retain existing significant trees and other vegetation where possible. With the exception of the small orchard and the mature native trees, the site itself does not appear to have any other notable landscape features.
7.3 There will be a loss of an evergreen screen and trees, fruit trees to the east of the existing farmhouse to necessitate the construction of the new dwelling, access and pool house. There may also be the loss of some ornamental shrubs, a small fruit tree and herbaceous planting close to the existing farmhouse to provide a more suitable immediate setting to the new dwelling. Removed and retained trees and shrubs are shown on plan ACLA/BDW 06.
7.4 As part of the primary mitigation measures the development has been located away from significant boundary vegetation, which will be incorporated into the sites landscape infrastructure. Root protection zones will be established around retained trees and protected with temporary fencing during the construction phase. If necessary, an above ground, ‘no dig’, permeable construction will be used for the re- aligned access within the ‘root zones’ of the existing willow trees to prevent potential damage. The development will not be located on the site boundaries and impacts on boundary ditches will be avoided.
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
8. MITIGATION STRATEGY
Primary Mitigation
8.1 The primary mitigation measures have been included at the initial design stage through consideration of the sites layout, scale, mass and construction materials.
8.2 The farmstead and site access currently occupy approximately 1.4 hectares (ha) in area. It is proposed to reduce the overall area of development to approximately 1.1ha. This will be achieved by restoring approximately 0.3ha of land in the eastern sections of the site (currently occupied by the visually intrusive modern agricultural buildings) to farmland. Although the residential curtilage of the site will increase the built form on site will be reduced overall. This will have the effect of reducing the character impacts on the local landscape setting. The removal of the barns will also contribute significantly to reducing the visual impacts on close distance views from the south and east and longer distance view to eastern sections of the application area from the south.
8.3 The smaller scale layout of the development will represent a loose cluster of building around a central courtyard. The arrangement of ancillary buildings aims to draw reference to the historic layout of the farmyard. The introduction of the larger house is also aimed to restore the architectural hierarchy on the site. The proposed ancillary building will be of a smaller scale and designed to be subservient to the main dwelling and to not compete visually with the listed barn. Building materials will be in line with other traditional buildings in Ramsdell such as stone, brick flint and clay tiles. The proposals therefore have been designed so they do not appear visually intrusive or dominate the local landscape character.
8.4 With the retention of the modern agricultural barns the site will retain some of its agricultural farmstead character. Overall the built form should provide a positive and sympathetic and attractive development that references the historic character of the site and surrounding areas.
8.5 The aim of the primary mitigation is to integrate the development within the local character area and reduce the perceived scale of the development and reduce visual, landscape and character impacts as far as is practical.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Secondary Mitigation
8.6 The secondary mitigation strategy outlined in this section of the report has been designed to reduce and prevent potential residual adverse visual impacts resulting from the development and also seeks to enhance the landscape structure and bio- diversity of the site. The landscape mitigation proposals aim to conserve where possible, and enhance boundary vegetation. It also aims to introduce new planting and habitats to assist in enhancing the character of the proposals, create local distinctiveness and integrating the development within the local landscape framework.
8.7 Additional native tree and hedge planting will also screen and filter views and break up the mass of the proposals from key areas identified in this report. The native hedgerows and tree planting can be designed and managed to create a variety of boundary structural planting, such as formal field boundaries with hedgerows and trees and more substantial screens where hedgerows are allowed to grow and screen key areas. A woodland belt can also contain larger proportions of native shrubs in key areas to create a dense thicket and in other areas planted and/or managed to favour woodland trees, similar to other nearby planting associated with properties.
8.8 A long-term management plan should also be agreed to ensure the landscape infrastructure and a range of habitats are established successfully.
Construction Phase Mitigation
8.9 Advanced planting and boundary management can be undertaken at an early stage and protected from construction works. This will allow the vegetation and additional habitats to establish more quickly to provide earlier visual and landscape mitigation. It will also provide an additional buffer to construction works.
8.10 An arboricultural survey should be undertaken to identify any existing trees that may need attention. Retained vegetation should be protected in accordance with Trees in Relation to Construction BS5837: 2012 prior to work on site. Above ground construction of the re-aligned driveway should include a load spreading geo-grid and permeable/porous construction if it is located beneath the canopies of existing trees.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
8.11 The site access for construction vehicles and deliveries, site compounds and working hours should all be agreed to prevent undue disturbance to neighbouring properties and other areas.
Mitigation Measures (see plan ACLA/BDW 06)
Retention and Enhancement of Existing Vegetation
8.12 This relates to the retention of existing trees and shrubs in the western sections of the site and along the site access. The vegetation should be managed in accordance with an arboricultural report to ensure long-term health.
8.13 Objectives:
Filter and screen close distance views to the site and retain a degree of screening for more distant views.
Maintain and enhance the current landscape structure.
Provide a mature landscape setting to the development.
Boundary Tree Planting
8.14 Plant standard to extra heavy standard native trees in key locations on the site boundary. The trees will create more immediate visual mitigation and substantially screen views over time. Tree species to comprise of a selection of the following species:
Acer campestre (Field Maple)
Alnus glutinosa (Alder)
Betula pendula (Silver birch)
Prunus avium (Wild Cherry)
Prunus padus (Bird cherry)
Quercus robur (Oak)
Sorbus aucuparia (Rowan)
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Salix (Willow species)
8.15 Objectives:
To screen, break up and filter close and long distance views from the north, south, west and east.
To contain and absorb the development within the wider landscape.
Reinforce the intimate medium and small scale, semi-enclosed landscape character of the area.
Create a more immediate landscape setting.
Native Hedge Planting
8.16 To comprise of native shrubs and trees. Typically planted as whips or transplants in a double staggered row at 450mm between rows. To be managed as field hedges. Tree and shrub species to be comprise of a selection of the following species:
Shrubs
Crataegus monogyna (Hawthorn)
Cornus sanguinea (Dogwood)
Corylus avellana (Hazel)
Ilex aquifolium (Holly)
Prunus spinosa (Blackthorn)
Ligustrum vulgare (Common Privet)
Rosa canina (Dog Rose)
Viburnum opulus (Guelder Rose)
Trees
Acer campestre (Field Maple)
Alnus glutinosa (Alder)
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Betula pendula sp. (Silver birch)
Prunus avium (Wild Cherry)
Prunus padus (Bird cherry)
Quercus robur (Oak)
Taxus baccata (Yew)
8.17 Objectives
To screen low-level close distance views from the south, north and west.
To contain the development in the wider landscape.
Reinforce enclosed landscape character of the area.
Create wildlife corridors linking to off site areas.
Woodland Belt Planting
8.18 A 3 to 5m wide woodland belt planted along the south-eastern and eastern site boundary. To comprise of native shrubs and trees typically planted as whips or transplants on a 0.5m to 1m grid, as appropriate to location. Plant as predominantly shrub in key areas to provide understorey structure. Elsewhere include a higher proportion of native trees to create a woodland belt typical of the local landscape character. Tree and shrub species to be comprise of a selection of the following species:
Shrubs
Cornus sanguinea (Dogwood)
Corylus avellana (Hazel)
Ilex aquifolium (Holly)
Prunus spinosa (Blackthorn)
Ligustrum vulgare (Common Privet)
Rosa canina (Dog Rose)
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Viburnum opulus (Guelder Rose)
Trees
Acer campestre (Field Maple)
Alnus glutinosa (Alder)
Betula pendula sp. (Silver birch)
Fagus sylvatica (Beech)
Prunus avium (Wild Cherry)
Prunus padus (Bird cherry)
Quercus robur (Oak)
Sorbus aucuparia (Rowan)
Salix sp. (Willow species)
Taxus baccata (Yew)
8.19 Objectives:
To screen close and longer distance views to eastern sections of the site.
Provide and enhance wildlife corridors and linkage to offsite areas.
Contain the development in the wider landscape.
Reinforce the medium scale, semi-enclosed landscape character of the area.
Orchard Planting
8.20 Domestic orchard planting southwards and maintain the grass sward to favour species rich grassland.
8.21 Objectives
To replace the loss of fruit trees on the site and enhance a declining habitat.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Skyers Farm, Ramsdell, Hampshire LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
To enhance biodiversity and create foraging areas for wildlife and increase bio- diversity.
To create a traditional landscape element typically associated with rural properties and to integrate the development with its local landscape setting.
Amenity Tree, Shrub and Herbaceous Planting & Garden Hedges
8.22 Domestic character planting adjacent to the new courtyard access and tennis courts. This should be a carefully selected combination of native and none native planting as part of a detailed landscape proposals plan at a later date.
8.23 Objectives
To soften the built form, provide additional enclosure and create an internal landscape setting to the development.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
9. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
9.1 The proposed development is located within the North Wessex Downs Area of Outstanding Beauty at approximately 200m west of the village of Ramsdell. The surrounding area is predominantly rural with a network of small villages and settlement in a woodland and farmland mosaic landscape character. The southern sections of the study area have an open downlands character.
9.2 The site contains a farmhouse and gardens covering an area of approximately 0.4 ha in the west of the site. The farmyard in the eastern sections the site contain a listed barn and a group of modern agricultural structures covering an area of approximately 1.0 ha.
9.3 The proposals are for a new dwelling, pool house, garage and tennis courts across a reduced site area of approximately 1.1ha. The listed barn on the site will be retained and integrated into the grouping of the new buildings. Two modern barns in the eastern sections of the site will be demolished and the land returned to agriculture.
9.4 Existing vegetation is located across the western sections of the site which provides a moderate degree of containment and screening. The areas surrounding the eastern sections of the site, which currently contain large-scale agricultural barns, are relatively open allowing localised close and longer distance views from the east and south.
9.5 It has been assessed that there will be no impacts on the setting or integrity of scheduled monuments, ancient woodlands or other areas of conservation interest within the study area.
9.6 As the proposals are to substantially re-develop the site, the impacts on the setting of the listed timber barn has been assessed as moderate/substantial to moderate. Therefore the proposals have been sympathetically designed to have a positive effect on the immediate setting of the barn. Impacts on listed buildings elsewhere in the study area were assessed as negligible due to intervening vegetation and distance to the site.
9.7 The effect on the setting of the Conservation Area in Ramsdell has been assessed as slight. The village is contained by substantial trees, shrub belts and hedgerows and the site is a physically distinct development at approximately 200m from the conservation area boundary. With the reduced size of the development area and
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
removal of the agricultural barns, together with a strong landscape framework, the proposals could represent a positive effect on the setting of the conservation area.
9.8 The degree of change as a result of the development on the published landscape character in which the proposals are located, is assessed as slight adverse due to the high level of enclosure which limits intervisibility. The degree of change in the open downlands to the south is also assessed as slight adverse. The effects on the local landscape character and site is assessed as potentially moderate/substantial adverse due to the relatively open nature and high degree of change to the site itself.
9.9 The highest visual impacts on properties are assessed as moderate adverse on the semi-detached properties to the west of the site, 2 Lloyds Lane and on Brookside Cottage. There is the potential for close distance views from key living areas and gardens of the properties.
9.10 Impacts on views from the Public Rights of Way (PRoW) immediately to the south of the site have been assessed as potentially substantial to moderate, primarily due to the close distance and open views to the site boundary. With the partial removal of the agricultural barns in the east of the site together with sympathetically designed buildings, it is likely that the development may have a positive effect on the visual amenity of the area overall.
9.11 To ensure that the proposed development; (a) complies with national and regional planning policies; (b) takes into account of the sensitivity of the landscape character of the AONB and (c) reduces the visual impact of the development; the following mitigation measures have been proposed:
9.12 Primary mitigation measures have been included within the initial design of the site. This has been achieved by taking into consideration the scale, mass, layout and the use of local vernacular construction materials. The aim is to reduce the perceived scale of the development and integrate it into the local landscape setting and the setting of the listed barn. A key mitigation measure is the reduction of the application area by approximately 0.3ha with the removal of the modern agricultural barns in the east of the application area. Although the residential curtilage of the site will increase, the built form on site will be considerably reduced. This will have the effect of reducing the character impacts on the local landscape setting and reduce visual impacts overall. The agricultural character of the site will be retained and a traditional
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
farmstead layout around a central yard with the hierarchy of the larger house established.
9.13 A secondary level of mitigation utilising substantial native hedgerow and woodland belt planting will further screen the proposals from identified key views, integrate the development in its landscape setting and provide enhanced habitats and linkage to off-site hedgerows and woodlands. It is also proposed to create an orchard to provide a traditional setting for the proposed development.
9.14 This Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment concludes that with a sympathetically designed layout and built form, together with the recommended mitigation measures, the proposals can be successfully incorporated within its surroundings without causing significant harm to the character, the overall visual amenity or landscape features within the study area. The proposed planting and green infrastructure would mature over time to integrate the development within the local setting and the wider landscape character.
9.15 With the removal of some of the large-scale barns and the restoration of eastern sections of the site to agriculture, impacts are likely to be positive on completion of the development to the east. Together with the successful implementation of structural planting to filter, screen and reduce views into the site, impacts upon the visual amenity are predicted not to exceed slight adverse significance within 10 to 15 years. Over time, impacts will be reduced further as the green infrastructure develops. Impacts upon visual receptors in the wider landscape tend to be negligible or of slight significance.
9.16 The proposals are in line with national, regional and local planning guidelines and policies relating to enhancement of bio-diversity, green infrastructure and ensure that the development respects and enhances the environment in its scale, location and design. Upon implementation of the primary mitigation measures, together with the structural elements of the secondary mitigation strategy, the proposals will represent a high quality development with a high proportion of green infrastructure. Over time the development site can be readily integrated into the local landscape character.
Anthony Clarkson (BA Hons Dip LA) ACLA ltd 10-08-15
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
APPENDIX 1
Plans
ACLA/BDW 01 Site Location
ACLA/BDW 02 Site Context & Viewpoints
ACLA/BDW 03 Planning Context
ACLA/BDW 04 Landscape Character Areas
ACLA/BDW 05 Visual Analysis
ACLA/BDW 06 Proposed Layout & Mitigation
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
APPENDIX 2
Photo Viewpoints 1-15
ACLA/BDK August 2015
APPENDIX 1
LANDSCAPE & VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT - METHODOLOGY
1. LVIA The LVIA methodology is based on the principles outlined in the Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment – 3rd Edition (April 2013) which is widely accepted as the industry standard, together with the Landscape Character Assessment Guidance for England and Scotland - (2002) Countryside Agency / Scottish Natural Heritage and the Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment - (2011) Institute for Environmental Management and Assessment. The LVIA report covers:
Evaluation of the existing landscape character, designation and visual baseline and based on this, identification of potential landscape and visual receptors within the study area;
Evaluation of the sensitivity of potential landscape and visual receptors;
Evaluation of the magnitude and nature of likely changes resulting from the proposals;
Conclusion on the overall effects of the proposals on the landscape character and key views within the study area.
2. Landscape Elements and Character Assessment Methodology
A baseline landscape assessment was carried out to determine the current elements and character of the landscape within and surrounding the site. This involved an initial desktop study of: Ordnance survey maps at 1:50,000, 1:25,000 scales Aerial photographs of the site and surrounding area Datasets for rural designations from the MAGIC website (Multi Agency Geographic Information for the Countryside) Published relevant planning policies National and local scale landscape character assessments
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015 3. Visual Assessment Methodology The assessment of visual effects was undertaken on the basis of viewpoint analysis as recommended in best practice guidelines. The viewpoints which are in different directions from the site and are at varying distances and locations were selected to represent a range of views and visual receptor types. The viewpoints are representational and not exhaustive. They are taken from publicly accessible land and not from any third party, private, land. The viewpoints were used as the basis for determining the effects of visual receptors within the entire study area. The viewpoints were photographed at 1.7 metres above the ground level in accordance with the ‘Photography and photomontage in Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment’ - Landscape institute Advice Note 01/11 .
4. Assessment Criteria The significance of effects is ascertained by cross referencing the sensitivity of the baseline landscape or visual receptor and the magnitude of change as a result of the development.
5. Receptors Landscape receptors are things, those landscape elements, character areas or designations potentially experiencing a change as a result of the proposals. Visual receptors are contemporary humans, users of the landscape and residents potentially experiencing a change to their views and visual amenity. Though intrinsically interrelated, landscape character and visual receptors are therefore considered as separate entities. Landscape character can be defined as the combination of the inherent physical elements – geology, soils, topography, vegetation and land cover, built form, field pattern, water bodies – and perceived elements – time depth or connection to history, tranquillity, scale, texture, coherence – that make an area of land different to the next. Landscape character receptors are therefore the key components that define an area’s overall character, or the areas themselves. Visual appraisal is related to this in that character is part of what defines a view, but the experience of that view is also influenced by subjective personal values and interpretation, weather, distance, time spent exposed to the view etc. A visual impact therefore needs a viewer to perceive it and those viewers are separate visual receptors.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015 Essentially landscape character exists whether or not it is seen, as do any impacts upon it e.g. if you clear a glade in an area of dense woodland it’s character will change regardless of whether it can be viewed from a public path. If there are no points from which the glade can be viewed the clearance cannot result in a visual impact, if there are the effects on visual receptors should be considered.
6. SENSITIVITY OF RECEPTORS
6.1 Landscape Sensitivity The judgement of landscape sensitivity varies, can be influenced by subjectivity, and is often based on landscape character. A number of studies have been carried out to identify a common definition, notably a combined commission from Natural England and Scottish Natural Heritage concentrating principally on the clarification of landscape character sensitivity building on advice in Landscape Character Assessment Guidance Topic Paper 6i. The Paper does not attempt to define sensitivity instead noting that judging it requires professional judgement based on whether significant characteristics elements of the landscape, and as a result its amenity value, will be lost as a result of the development. It is understood that the revisions will provide a concise definition of landscape character sensitivity that reflects the nature and perception of change to landscape character and is flexible to incorporate the type of development being assessed. For this assessment, landscape sensitivity is a reflection of a landscape element, designation or character area’s condition, value, and location in relation to the proposed development. Table 6 outlines the parameters used to define categories. The assessor should always consider a number of the scenarios given in the table to choose the most appropriate sensitivity rating within the given landscape and site context. Designated areas are considered to be of higher sensitivity due to the public perceptions and often cumulative pressures for change attached to them and should never receive a low sensitivity rating. The overall consideration for a sensitivity rating should be the amount of change that can be accommodated by a given receptor, without it being devalued or unacceptably changed in the long-term, thereby damaging the overall landscape resource. High sensitivity receptors would either be those in pristine condition, where change would be very obvious and distracting, or those that have already been significantly damaged so that further change would result in the receptor being totally devalued in the long-term removing the option for restoration. Medium sensitivity would be mainly associated with average receptors of good
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015 condition, with some damage or distraction, but generally still able to accept more change without irreversible damage. Low sensitivity receptors would be for example those in a changing environment, where change is a defining element, those of low quality, where change would lead to improvements or those of good quality and condition, where there is plenty of capacity to accommodate more change without irreversible damage. It should be noted that the sensitivity criteria in this report do not represent a detailed sensitivity assessment of the landscape resource within the study area. It is a tool for the assessor to allow some judgement on the perceived sensitivity and to incorporate some judgement on this in the impact assessment. If more detailed local sensitivity assessments were available those would be used to inform the assessment in preference to the criteria defined here. However, often such assessments are not available or are proposal specific, and it is considered that the criteria used in this report provide at least some context to the assessment, without increasing the scope of works and survey effort beyond reason to arrive at detailed sensitivity scores for each proposal.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015
Table 1 Sensitivity of Potential Landscape Receptors
Sensitivity Receptor Category High Only minor changes can be accommodated without impact on value and / or loss of character or no more than moderate changes can be compensated by replacement or substitution, for example: Value may be expressed as a national designated area or may be an element that is rare or in pristine condition. Intact historic landscapes with great time depth and no or very limited modern intrusions. Valuable, but damaged landscapes, where further change would result in complete loss of their integrity and quality (in this scenario high sensitivity is based on the assumption that any further change would result in unacceptable long-term damage to a resource, which makes it highly sensitive to further change, although its condition at the point of assessment may not be favourable). The landscape receptor to be assessed has a small area, where the proposal would affect much or all of that area. Medium Minor to moderate changes can be accommodated without impact on value and / or loss of character or moderate changes can be reduced or eliminated by replacement or substitution, for example: Value may be expressed through a regional or local designation or element that is in good condition and occurs relatively frequently within the landscape context. Good quality landscapes with preserved integrity, but modern influences apparent. The landscape receptor to be assessed has a medium sized area significantly exceeding that of the proposal area so that any change would not affect the whole landscape receptor.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015 Low Moderate to substantial changes can be accommodated without impact on value and / or loss of character or substantial changes can be reduced by replacement or substitution, for example: There is no value defined through designations or clear local use or definition and the receptor does not display specifically valuable properties within the context of the wider landscape area. The landscape receptor is devalued already through character changes etc and restoration is not an option. Proposals would contribute to improvements of the receptor. The receptor is of such a large area that a change would only affect a minor part of that area without any consequence for the remainder of the receptor area and it is not a nationally or regionally designated area. The receptor has plenty of capacity to accommodate change, for example plenty of key elements and features are present so that the loss of a minor percentage would not be significant and can be replaced or visual characteristics can be successfully retained and improved.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015 6.2 Visual Sensitivity Visual sensitivity is a reflection of a combination of the receptor’s type, the context within which the view is perceived and the importance of the view. Sensitivity is inherent to the receptor and not influenced by weather conditions, distance etc. Factors like prevailing weather, distance and extent of the view are reflected in the magnitude assessment for each receptor. Table 7 outlines the parameters and categories used for this appraisal.
Table 2 Sensitivity of Potential Visual Receptors by Type
Sensitivity Receptor Category High Visitors to nationally designated areas of public and private open space where landscape appreciation is a primary function of their use or where landscape and visual quality is integral to the designation’s value e.g. AONBs, Heritage Coasts, National Parks, etc Users of PRoW - long distance footpaths and routes with direct view of the development for long sections of path. Residential communities and private properties with direct views of the development from apparent key living and access areas. Visitors to designated areas of historical importance such as SAMs, Conservation Areas and Historic Parks and Gardens where setting is recognised as an integral to the area’s importance Medium Visitors to locally designated areas of public and private open space where landscape appreciation is a primary function of their use or where landscape and visual quality is integral to the designation’s value e.g. AGLVs, AGHVs, Country Parks etc. Users of PRoW – national trails, local trails and footpaths with partial or glimpsed views from sections of the path or direct views from short sections of the path Residential communities and private properties with partial or glimpsed views of the development from apparent key living and access areas. Users of areas of public and private recreational space where landscape is not a primary function of use i.e. sports grounds, golf courses etc.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015 Table 2 Sensitivity of Potential Visual Receptors by Type
Sensitivity Receptor Category Low Users of PRoW associated with highways or local routes the primary function of which is access between two points or users of paths with partial or glimpsed views from short sections of the path. Employees Road users
7. Impacts Landscape impacts are described in the GLVIA by the Landscape Institute (LI) as direct impacts such as changes as a result of the proposed development to the landscape elements within the site or indirect impacts such as changes to key landscape character elements of the study area, the integrity of landscape designations within the study area or the overall landscape condition of the study area. Visual impacts are described by the LI as direct impacts on the visual amenity or views available to visual receptors located within publicly accessible areas and residential dwellings resulting from changes to that view as a result of the proposed development such as introduction, removal, obstruction, or modification of elements within the view. The assessment of visual impacts is informed by the use of a series of viewpoints. The viewpoints are selected to provide a comprehensive range of visual receptors, types and angles of view and distances from the development site. If possible they should represent more than one visual receptor category e.g. locating a viewpoint at the junction between a PRoW/cycleway and road would illustrate the view experienced by road users and pedestrians/cyclists at a point where they are more likely to pause and be more aware of their surroundings and view. Cumulative impacts are described by the LI as those which result from changes as a result of the proposed development in conjunction with other development, of intervisibility of a range of developments or elements of the proposed development, and of actions that occurred in the past, present or foreseeable future. Magnitude of change
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015 Magnitude of change is a measure of the level of an impact on potential receptors arising from addition, alteration, or removal of baseline resources as a result of the proposed development and is classed as high, medium, low or negligible. The parameters and categories used for this appraisal are outlined in Table 8. Magnitude is based on professional judgement and determined by a combination of:
the scale of the change in relation to the proportion of the landscape or view affected by the proposed development and the degree to which it is affected;
the duration and reversibility of the change.
The magnitude of change of potential impacts on visual receptors is assessed through a process of analysing the change in the visual envelope of the existing site. This assessment is informed by the photo record (Appendix 3. In addition to nature, scale, and duration of the change, the magnitude of change to visual receptors takes into account the distance of the viewpoint from the proposed development as this will determine visibility of the site, its landscape elements and proposed structures and the context in which the view is experienced. It is another assessment tool which is evaluated for each project based on site location, context and size, as well as the character and scale of proposals. Refer to the study area sections in the main report for details on distances used for a specific projects.
Ref ACLA/BDW August 2015 Table 3 Landscape and Visual Impact Magnitudes
Magnitude of Change – Magnitude of Change –Visual landscape Total loss of or major alteration HIGH Proposals form a significant and to key elements / features / immediately apparent part of the characteristics identified in the view with often long-term and baseline study irreversible changes to its overall character. Often associated with close distance or direct and open views. Partial loss of or alteration to MEDIUM Proposals form a visible and one or more key elements / recognisable new element within features / characteristics the overall view which are identified in the baseline study readily noticed by the observer or receptor. Often associated with middle distance or partial views and often possible to mitigate. Minor loss of or alteration to one LOW Proposals constitute a minor or more key elements / features component of the wider view, / characteristics identified in the which might be missed by the baseline study casual observer or receptor. Often associated with long- distance or glimpsed views or can be short-term, reversible effects.
ACLA/BDW August 2015
Table 3 Landscape and Visual Impact Magnitudes
Magnitude of Change – Magnitude of Change –Visual landscape Very minor, localised, loss of or NEGLIGIBLE Proposals constitute such a alteration to one or more key minor component of the view as elements / features / to only be visible when characteristics identified in the deliberately sought out and not baseline study casually perceptible, or are severely restricted so that proposals can be barely perceived. Can be associated with any distance from site, usually middle to long. No loss or alteration to one or NO CHANGE No part of the development, or more key elements / features / NB: this level is work or activity associated with characteristics of the baseline normally scoped it, is discernible or they are at (pre-development landscape) out in the baseline such a distance that they are and / or no introduction of new and not carried scarcely appreciated elements / features / forward to the characteristics assessment
5. Effects An effect is the result of an impact at a certain magnitude combined with the sensitivity of a receptor. For example, a moderate magnitude impact on a low sensitivity receptor may be considered differently to such an impact affecting a high sensitivity receptor.
6. Nature of Effects This assessment will assign a beneficial (positive) or adverse (negative) and in some cases neutral in nature effect to the impacts.
8. Degree of Effect The degree of effect of the proposed development on potential landscape and visual receptors is measured as a combination of receptor sensitivity and magnitude of change using the matrix in Table 9 below.
ACLA/BDW August 2015
Whilst degree of effect is determined for any project, a consideration of significance is only applicable to projects falling under the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Regulations in accordance with the Town and country Planning Act and the European Union Directive 2011/92/EU. This project was not subject to EIA Regulations.
Table 4 Degree and Significance of Effects Sensitivity High Medium Low High Substantial Moderate/Substantial Moderate Medium Moderate/Substantial Moderate Slight Low Moderate Slight Negligible Negligible Slight Negligible Negligible Magnitude
ACLA/BDW August 2015