SADKN Portal Guidelines Report, SAARC Disaster Management Centre
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SADKN Portal Guidelines Report SADKN Portal Guidelines Report, SAARC Disaster Management Centre Page 1 of 124 SADKN Portal Guidelines Report Table of Contents Executive Summary ..................................................................................3 Project Background ..................................................................................6 Vision, Objectives and Outcomes ..................................................................8 Disaster Management Phases and Outcomes .................................................. 17 Information Flow: Information creation, capture, dissemination and availability ........... 27 Handholding guidelines for SADKN portal development and establishment ................ 32 SADKN Portal: Operational Guidelines .......................................................... 40 SADKN Portal: Technical Guidelines ............................................................ 64 An Approach to Development: Open Source and Proprietary Solutions ..................... 76 Key Recommendations ............................................................................ 79 Annexure I - Brief On Gateway Specifications .................................................. 84 Annexure II – A brief on GIS interface ............................................................ 86 Annexure III – A brief write-up about CMS ....................................................... 91 Annexure IV - SADKN Portal: Search Methodology ............................................ 94 Annexure V - List of features ...................................................................... 95 Annexure VI - Comparison of Open Source Database Options ............................... 98 Annexure VII – Hardware Specifications ........................................................107 Annexure VIII – An Indicative Costing for SADKN Portal Development & Hosting .........121 Annexure IX – An Indicative OPEX for Software ...............................................123 Annexure X – An Indicative Country-wise Costing for National Focal Point (NFP) ........124 Page 2 of 124 SADKN Portal Guidelines Report Executive Summary The SAARC countries are one of the most vulnerable regions to natural disasters, experiencing a wide variety of natural hazards, including floods, cyclones, earthquakes, droughts, storm surges and tsunamis. The region, which is home to 641 million people living in extreme poverty, accounts for a majority of the total number of deaths caused by natural disasters globally and shares a disproportionate burden of the global loss of life from disasters: more than 70 per cent of the casualties from major disasters in the world since the year 2000 have occurred in this region and the top most affected countries worldwide, in terms of the number of victims, are from this region The impact of disasters can be substantially reduced if people at all levels from government officials to individuals at the community level are informed of the risks and know how to behave in case of emergency and early warning reception. A culture of disaster prevention and resilience can be attained through human and institutional capacity-building in disaster risk reduction. The sharing of information, indigenous knowledge, research results, best practices and lessons learned on hazards and vulnerabilities is the key to improving capacities Information and communications technology and disaster risk reduction. A regional network of networks on knowledge- and information-sharing and analysis, facilitated by SADKN, with the active participation of all SAARC countries, could increase the access of members to lessons learned, knowledge, and analysis. With an objective of Disaster Risk Reduction and Management SAARC Disaster Management Centre (SDMC) has taken an initiative of creating a network known as SAARC Disaster Knowledge Network (SADKN). This web-based interface would provide an opportunity to the people of SAARC countries to have an exposure to latest Information and Communication Technology for Disaster Risk Reduction and Management activities and initiatives. SADKN aims at establishing an environment, which will encourage people of South Asia to create, learn, organize, share, and reuse knowledge. This network would comprise of a central SADKN portal which would act as a central disaster management related portal for the SAARC (Nepal, Bhutan, Maldives, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and India) Countries, National Focal Agencies, participating organizations which could be research and academic institutes, ministries at central, state and local level, NGOs, etc from different SAARC countries. These member associates would provide inputs on various aspects of Disaster management and Disaster risk reductions and provide an interface to the citizens of the SAARC region for Disaster related activities and updates. SADKN portal would be the key focal point this virtual network and would play the pivot role of collaborating and coordinating among different stakeholders of the initiative. Page 3 of 124 SADKN Portal Guidelines Report The project has been classified in two phases or tiers. Current phase of the project comprises of formulating guidelines for the portal which would further be circulated among the SAARC countries and participating agencies for reference during portal creation or upgrade. The report has been drafted in to three volumes. Volume I broadly define the unit, form, format and frequency of information to be shared by the member associates. Volume II broadly gives a brief about the information management life cycle and information flow and role of various participants in this regard. It also provides a handholding approach for the maintenance related activities for the SADKN portal. Volume III of the report consists of technical specifications and operational guidelines for SADKN portal development and establishment. A tentative cost for this portal Development, implementation and hosting entirely done by SDMC is estimated to be approximately USD 90000 (with open source software) or USD 165000 (with proprietary software) (USD = United States Dollar) Page 4 of 124 SADKN Portal Guidelines Report Volume I Page 5 of 124 SADKN Portal Guidelines Report Project Background Global Natural Disaster Risk Hotspots project generated a global disaster risk assessment for two disaster-related outcomes: mortality and economic losses. This assessment showed that Asia, in particular East and South Asia, is at high risk for hydrological disasters, droughts, and landslides. Tropical cyclones occur more frequently in the Asian and Pacific region than in any other part of the world and are usually accompanied by severe flooding. In addition, the impacts of climate change will be particularly acute in Asian and Pacific countries. Climate variability and extreme events pose significant challenges for economic sectors in the region—such as agriculture, water resources, health and tourism—endangering food security, accelerating the erosion of coastal zones and increasing the intensity of natural disasters, therefore impeding national efforts. This virtual network of networks known as South Asian Disaster Knowledge Network (SADKN) has been envisaged to provide a common platform to exchange, share, and acquire Disaster related knowledge through the SADKN web portal. One of the key goals envisaged under the SADKN project is development of state-of-the-art web-based interface to organize information, knowledge, and experience on Disaster Management. This web-based interface would provide an opportunity to people of SAARC countries to have an exposure to latest Information and Communication Technology for Disaster Risk Reduction and Management activities and initiatives. SADKN aims at establishing an environment, which will encourage people of South Asia to create, learn, organize, share, and reuse knowledge. SADKN, apart from these would also act as a platform for the following: • Knowledge sharing and analysis with the participation of relevant regional and sub- regional organizations • Strengthening policies and informed decision-making on disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation • Promoting comprehensive preparedness planning to mitigate the impacts of disasters and the development of cost-effective and accessible technologies to support early warning at the national to community levels using a multi-hazard approach • Promoting regional cooperative mechanisms and regional resource-sharing arrangements for disaster risk reduction, including on information, communications and space technologies, to improve disaster preparedness and response in the region • Building capacities to assess the socio-economic impacts of disasters and to evaluate the financial and economic costs and benefits of disaster risk reduction for more effective resource mobilization • Encouraging development of legal and institutional arrangements, including innovative financial mechanisms Page 6 of 124 SADKN Portal Guidelines Report • Integrating disaster risk reduction into national, sub-national and sectored development planning • Encouraging the setting of voluntary targets for resource allocation, including by the private sector • Building capacities to evaluate financial and economic costs and benefits of disaster risk reduction to promote greater investments in reducing disasters in the region • Promoting comprehensive preparedness planning to mitigate the impacts of disasters • Promoting resource-sharing arrangements in the region •