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"Fabulous Opal Whiteley" Revisited the Lane County Historical Society

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"Fabulous Opal Whiteley" revisited The Lane County Historical Society Ethan Newman, President, 2161 University Street, Eugene, OR 97403 Alta Nelson, Membership Secretary, P0 Box 11532, Eugene, OR 97440 Membership in the Lane County Historical Society isopen to anyone interested in Oregon and Lane County history. Annual dues: $10.00. To join, send check to the Society, P0 Box 11532, Eugene, OR 97440. Lane County Historian, VoL 41, Number 1, Spring 1996 Ken Metzler, Editor, 2051 East 26th Avenue, Eugene, OR 97403 (Phone 541/343-4496; e-mail: [email protected]) Janet Burg and Dorothy Corkery, Assistant Editors Lois Barton, Contributing Editor Contents Footnotes to history 1 A new interest in Fabu1ous Opal Whiteley' 6 The Springfield Millrace: Industry at itsbeginning 22 Cover Sometime this year, the BBC plans to senda crew to Oregon and Lane County to explore the mystery ofa talented schoolgirl who enchanted the literary world in 1920 witha childhooddiary filled with wide-eyed wonder about the woodsy outdoors and the animal world that inhabits that fairyland. Opal Whiteleywas her name"Fabulous Opal Whiteley," according to the titleof one book written about her. The cover photo shows Opal in her early 20s, approximately thesame time her diary was published by The Atlantic Monthly magazine. (Photo courtesy ofSpecial Collections, University of Oregon Library.) Seepage 6for more about Opal Whiteley. ISSN 0458-7227 Footnotes to history A collectionofvignettes and curiosities about Lane County histoiy, such as: Mini-historiesofthree Skinner Butte artifactstheBig 0, Big E, and the cross on the butte. Also a fond remembranceofCamp Eight near Wendling. Gimme an "0"! jinx of succeeding eras. Once it disap- Gimme an "E"! peared entirely, presumably at the Here's an historical trivia question thathands of a rival university. When the will stump even the most ardent Uni-wooden 0 reappeared later, it was versity of Oregon alumnus, includingconsigned to scrap lumber and burned those who can tell you the nationalby U.O. students who considered it ranking of the Oregon football team fordesecrated at the hands of rivals. any given year (e.g.,l8th in January Its replacement, built of concrete, 1996). What's the national ranking ofcontinued to serve as the scene of in- the University of Oregon "0"? tense if playful disputes between We're talking about the Big 0 on thedevotees of the rival institutions. slope of Skinner Butte facing southSometimes the scenarios went beyond toward Willamette Street in Eugene. playfulness. History records several The Big 0 ranks fourth. Erected inattempts to destroy the structure by 1908, it's the fourth oldest collegiatedynamite. Students in 1958 erected a letter on a hillside. (Older are those oftougher structure, made of steel and the University of California-Berkeley,set on concrete foundation blocks. The 1905; Brigham YoungUniversity, 1906;steel 0 soon succumbed to acetylene and University of Utah, 1907.) Thistorches used to cut it into sections tidbit comes from the research of awhich allowed the vandals to haul it California-Berkeley professor, Jamesaway. The sections reappearedseveral J. Parsons, who wrote a paper titledmonths later and were welded back "Hillside Letters in the Westerntogether. Landscape." The Big 0 is but one of 540 historical The Big 0 was first built of wood, 50items"resources," they're called feet long, by students on their firstassembled under a project recently Junior Weekendproject. Thehistoricalcompleted by the Historic Preservation melodrama that ensued reads like aProgram of the City of Eugene. These novel of intrigue and violence. Theare historical resources discoveredin original 0 endured frequent burningsjust one area, the Whiteaker Neigh- and repaintings in various school col-borhood of Eugene, after two years of ors in accordance with collegiate hi-work. Skinner Butte, as part of this Spring 1996 Beneath the historic cross atop Skinner Butte in Eugene, University of Oregon students participate in an initiation ritualpainting the Big 0 by the seatsof their pants about 1973. Rugged steel letter replaced earlierones madeofwood and concrete. (Wayne East burn, Register-Guard; courtesyof U.O.Archives.) survey, has provided some of the moreSkinner Butte landmarks is the cross enchanting historical artifacts. at the top. The first cross, according to Besides the Big 0 there's the Bigthe project report, was erected in De- Efor Eugene High School. Re-cember 1936, 24 feet high, colored a searchers believe it was built around"glowing scarlet" by the neon tubing 1915. High school athletes formed thethat outlined it. It was put there by a letterman's "E" Club in 1916 whichChamber of Commerce street decora- served as custodian of the letter. Thetion committee with fImds from Eugene club used it as part of an initiationchurches. A portable structure, the ritualstudents painted the letter bycross was stored most of the year but sliding down its surface on the seats ofemerged at the hilltop each Christmas their pants. and Easter for four years. The legal Some traditions die out, however,question of church-state separation and are reclaimed by wilderness. Theof locating a religious symbol on public Big E currently lies beneath vegeta-propertyapparently did not engage tion that obscures it from view fromthe attention of the populace at the downtown Eugene. time. Perhaps the most infamous of the Next came a wooden cross, the first 2 Lane County Historian of three, lighted each Christmas andgot on the ballot as a charter amend- Easter. Then in 1959 a group of archi-ment in 1970, and voters approved it tects proposed replacing the cross withby a 3-to-i margin. Subsequent legal a 150-foot tall non-sectarian monu-appeals ran all the way to the U.S. ment. The Eugene City Council adoptedSupreme Court. The High Court de- a hands-off policy, and the proposalclined to hear the case, and the cross, died from apparent lack of public in-with its war memorial designation, terest. stands to this day. Interest rose to a high pitch in 1963, however, when a fraternity, Alpha Phi Remembering Wendling Omega, proposed to replace the old and Camp Eight wooden cross with a 51-foot structure"The Conveyor" is a newsletter dedi- of pre-stressed concrete and steel andcated to keeping alive the memory of fitted with inlaid neon lighting. TheWendling, Oregon, a Lane County mill structure was built by Eugene Sandtown that has not existed for half a and Gravel, financed by contributions.century since the mill shut down about The City Council offered informal ap- 1945. The memories of Wending, the proval.But this time church-statemill, and the outlying logging camps, issues reached a high pitch of fervor,reached by rail lines, are as alive as and the fraternity quietly dropped itsever, however. Many of them have project. been recorded by this newsletter, Then on November 28, 1964 thepublished on a sporadic schedule, gen- concrete cross mysteriously appearederally four to six times a year, accord- on the hill. At first no one seemed toing to its editor, Ron Byers of Spring- know how itgotthere. The controversyfield.Here Reva Neet Brandt, who raged anew. It was revealed that thelives in Eugene, offers a memory. ("The cross had been erected through theConveyor," March 1994; reprinted by combined efforts of four local busi-permission.) nesses. The City Council, besieged by letters and calls supporting the cross,My dad, Robert (Bob) Neet, and mom, voted to make it legal with retroactiveRuth Neet, moved to Camp #8 with electrical and building permits. their three children, Ernest, Reva, and In the next ten years, the cross re-Otie, from Myrtle Creek, Oregon mained subject of controversy and le-around 1915. We lived in a tent house, gal maneuvering. Court rulings ulti-one-half wood with a canvas tent top, mately came down on the side ofchurch-one big room with a big cook stove used state separation: The cross was a reli-for cooking and heating. gious symbol and its presence violated My dad was a "donkey doctor," for the City Charter of Eugene. Thedonkey machines used to bring in the courts ordered the cross removed. Butlogs, not for animals. then came a ballot initiative sponsored One ofmy favorite memories ofCamp by Eugene American Legion Post #3 to#8 is about when a friend, Kathryn designate the cross as a"war memorial,"Harrington, came to visit my mom and not a religious symbol. The measurebrought a beautiful ivory-fitted vanity Spring :1996 traveling case, which we kids really1916 when Ernest startedfirstgrade.- admired. Mom and her friend decidedReva Neet Brandt to go for a walk. Otie, the baby, was down forhis nap. Ernie, four and ahaif, The Chambers- and I, three years of age, decided to Hendricks connection play train with the cook stove, whichEugene lost a significant link with its was cold. We used the oven for thepast on January 6, 1996 with the death baggage compartment and in went theof Mary Brockelbank. She was 102 vanity case. We sat on top of the stoveyears old. As the daughter of Frank to play train. But as kids do, we soonand Ida (Hendricks) Chambers, she grew tired of that game and went off towas the offspring of two of Eugene's find somethingnew to play. Meanwhilemost historically prominent families. dad came home from work, and started Frank Chambers arrived in Eugene afire for supper, and, yep, the beautifulin 1887, and with his brothers started case with all its beautiful fittings gota successflil hardware business. One burnt to a crisp. When mom and hertime he and a partner acquired the friend came home she was so mad sherights to the Eugene Millrace and tried wanted to spank us, but dad wouldn'tto renovate it to develop a self-sup- let her. He said it was her own fault forportingpower project.
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