This Document Is Communicated to Governments for Infidential Information in View of the Fact That It Has Not T Been Considered by the Advisory Committee on Traffic

This document is communicated to Governments for infidential information in view of the fact that it has not t been considered by the Advisory Committee on Traffic

Opiu and Other Dangerous Drugs. (Communiqué au Conseil et No. Officiel: C.156. M.85. 1935. XL aux Membres de la Société.) (O.C.294(w)). Erratum. SOCIETE DES NATIONS

Genève, le 24 juin 1935

COMMISSION CONSULTATIVE DU TRAFIC DE L’OPIUM ET

AUTRES DROGUES NUISIBLES

RESUME DES TRANSACTIONS ILLICITES ET DES SAISIES COMMUNIQUEES AU SECRETARIAT DE LA SOCIETE DES NATIONS DU 1er JANVIER AU 31 MARS 1935

ERRATUM

Affaire No.1201, page 3

Le Gouvernement des Etats-Unis d ’Amérique a demandé que

la dernière phrase du deuxième paragraphe ainsi conçue: "Il semble

que les comprimés de cocaïne aient fait l’objet d ’un commerce illi

cite après que le Gouvernement français en eût pris possession'

soit supprimée.

LEAGUE OF NATIONS

Geneva, June 24th, 1Q35.

ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON TRAFFIC IN OPIUM AND

OTHER DANGEROUS DRUGS

SUMMARY OF ILLICIT TRANSACTIONS AND SEIZURES REPORTED TO THE SECRETARIAT OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS BETWEEN JANUARY 1st AND MARCH 31st, 1935

ERRATUM

Case No .1201, page 3.

The Government of the United States of America has

requested that the last sentence in the second paragraph reading

as follows: "It would appear that they entered the illicit

traffic after the French Government had taken them over", should

be deleted. [Communicated to the Council and Official No. : C- 156. M. 85. 1935- XI. the Members of the League.] [O.C.2 9 4 (») 1

Geneva, April 1st, 1935.

LEAGUE OF NATIONS

ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON TRAFFIC

IN OPIUM AND OTHER DANGEROUS DRUGS

SUMMARY

OF ILLICIT TRANSACTIONS AND SEIZURES

REPORTED TO THE SECRETARIAT OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS

BETWEEN JANUARY 1 s t AND MARCH 31s t , 1935 PART I.

CASES REPORTED IN PREVIOUS SUMMARIES IN REGARD TO WHICH FURTHER INFORMATION HAS BEEN RECEIVED.

No. 1164.—Seizure at San Francisco, December 21st and 27th, 1933, of 206 grammes of Morphine labelled “ Carlo Erba, Milano

See O.C.294 (I), The authorities of the Shanghai International Settlement have page 20, and O.C.294 (v), page 3. communicated (December 21st, 1934) the result of exhaustive enquiries made by the Narcotic Section of the police of the Settlement into this 1281/388(28). case. Unfortunately, notwithstanding the very complete enquiries No-. 269, 269 fa; made, the police have found it a matter of practical impossibility to and 269 (b). ascertain how the morphine passed into the illicit traffic. A summary of this enquiry is as follows : The report confirms the statement forwarded by the United States authorities that 10 kg. of morphine hydrochloride and 2 | kg. of heroin were forwarded by the firm of Carlo Erba, Milan, to the firm of May Kee Ltd., at Shanghai, on October 18th, 1933. An examination of the books of Messrs. May Kee Ltd. showed that the drugs were all sold to various druggists, pharmacists and hospitals in Shanghai, copies of the invoices for these sales being enclosed. These copies are in the archives of the Secretariat. The sale of 3 kg. to the Shanghai Mutual Trading Co., of which mention was made in the American report (see O.C.294fuj), is included among the salt's reported by the Settlement authorities, and a detailed list of firms and dispensaries to whom sales were made by this firm is given. Of the whole amount of 10 kg. of morphine involved, only 125 grammes, sold by Messrs. May Kee Ltd. to the Eastern Pharmacy in the French Concession at Shanghai, is not accounted for. This is owing to the fact that the pharmacy changed hands on May 1st, 1934, being taken over by a certain Cheng S. Hung, who had destroyed all books and records transacted by the firm under the former management. The report goes on to say that all the sales were effected by the firm of May Kee Ltd. without the production of prescriptions or orders from qualified medical practitioners, as the production of such orders was not required in 1933, a regulation providing for such a require ment only coming into force on January 1st, 1934. The enquiry has shown that, with the exception of the purchase made by the Eastern Pharmacy of 125 grammes of morphine, all other buyers of the shipment gave an acceptable explanation regarding the disposal of their shares. Nevertheless, it appears necessary to draw attention to the comparative ease, which enables narcotics to be purchased in Shanghai. It is a well-known fact that, in the premises of the majority of Chinese dispensaries, there are living and practising at least two physicians, frequently more,, some of whom, it would not be difficult to prove, make a habit of issuing prescriptions for narcotics against a suitable remuneration.

No. 1201.—Illicit Traffic in Cocaine in the Provinces of Fiume and Trieste, in July 1933.

See O.C.294 (I), The Italian Government forwarded, on December 18th, 1934, page 29. information received from the Government of the United States of 10638/387. America with reference to this case. The following is a summary of this information : Enquiries instituted in the United States have established the fact that the Medical Depot in Washington. D.C., sent the tablets of cocaine bearing the label of Eli Lilly & Co. to the American army while it was in France. These tablets therefore are part of some war material left in France in February 1919. It would appear that they entered the illicit traffic after the French Government had taken them over. This information was also communicated to the Seizures Sub-Committee of the Advisory Committee during its nineteenth session, November 1934, by the representative of the United States of America.

No. 1291.—Illicit Traffic in Adulterated Cocaine at Rankweil, Vorarlberg, March 18th, 1933. See O.C.294 fu), The Austrian Government reports (February 16th, 1935) that further Page 25. investigations have shown that the cocaine in question was not of Swiss 0-C./A.R. 1933/8, origin, but came from Frastanz, an Austrian commune near the Swiss Addendum. frontier. Efforts to ascertain the origin of the goods have proved 9371/7566. unsuccessful.

s- d. N. 755 (F.) 705 (A.) 5/35. — Im p. Réunies, Chambéry. — 4 —

No. 1304.—Seizure of 116 grammes of Cocaine in Upper Silesia, June 16th, 1 9 3 4 (Alois Musiolik Case).

See O.C.294 (u), The Government of Czechoslovakia reports (February 19th, 1935) page 28. that the competent authorities state that the bottle bearing the label 12912/387 of Dr. Robert Heisler, Chrast, belonged to a consignment manufactured in May 1933. Control numbers on the packing of cocaine were only introduced by the firm from November 1st, 1933 ; for this reason, and further for the reason that, during this period, a large quantity of cocaine was sent to various big druggists in Czechoslovakia, it has been impossible to establish the date the bottle left the factory or its destination.

No. 1308.—Seizure at New York, July 10th, 1934, of 24 grammes of Cocaine bearing the Label of the Farmacia El Plata, Buenos Ayres.

See O.G.294fu,J, The Government of the United States of America states (March 23rd, page 29. 1935) that an investigation in regard to this case w as m ad e at Buenos 1281/388(36) Ayres, and a report has n o w been received to the r ffeet that enquiries No. 310 (a). m a d e by the police establish that no pharmacy of the name of “ Farmacia El Plata ” exists in that city, and it is presumed that the label on the seized bottle was fictitious.

No. 1370.—Seizure of 455 grammes of Raw Opium at Boston, Massachusetts, September 26th, 1934.

See O.C.294 The Governmeni of the United States of America reports (January page 20. 28th, 1935) that the French Sûreté Nationale states that it has not been 1281/388(49). possible for the French authorities to know under what conditions the No. 331 (a). opium seized in this case has been placed on board the vessel concerned. No member of the crew is known as a narcotic trafficker.

No. 1395.—Seizure of Prepared Opium and Morphine at Manila, June 19th, 1934.

See O.C.294fuJ, The Government of Hie United States of America reports on January ( M ^ i l 5 11th, 1935, that a report has been received from Amoy to the effect that to date no information has been obtained as to the shippers of the drugs 1281/388(38). concerned in this case ; further, that the Chinese characters appearing No. 321 (a). in the “chop marks ” on the outer wrappings of the morphine apparently mean “ Asia Far East Manufacturing Company ”, but that such a company cannot be found.

No. 1421.—Seizure of Drugs at New Orleans, Louisiana, September 27th, 1934.

See O.G.294 (v), The Government of the United States of America forwarded on page 33. January 25th, 1935. the following information from Dr. Carrière, Director 1281/388(58). of the Federal Service of Public Health, Berne, Switzerland, in connection No. 342fa;. with this case : The Hommels Haematogen Co., Zurich, stated that they had not sent Morphium Hydrochloric-um to the United States of America for some years. The seizure in question can only refer to two parcels of drugs dated December 6th, 1932, addressed to the firms : Dona Rosa de Lopez P.1 Trujillo, Republica de Honduras C.A., and Dr. José Maria Guillen Velez,a Puerto Cortes, Republica de Honduras C.A., containing tins of Morphium Hydrochloricum 250 grammes. These parcels had given rise to enquiries already last spring, when it was found that the import certificates presented to the Swiss authorities were falsified documents.

1 See documents O.C.294f?J, page 21, and O.C.294 fU, Page 4, No. 974. ! See document O.C.294(n), page 13, No. 663. RESULTS OF JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS IN CONNECTION WITH SEVERAL CASES OF ILLICIT TRAFFIC PREVIOUSLY REPORTED.

Result Reference Name Imprisonment Fine

Egypt- K a c z a n ...... Three years £E500 (8,796 O.C.294 (t), Swiss francs) page 31, No. 1212;^bdou M o h a m e d ...... )Two years each £E400 (7,037 'Salem M ansur...... Swiss francs) O.C.294 fa ;, each page 39, No. 1447 Six Egyptians Five years each £E 1,000 (17,592 Swiss francs) France. each O.C.294 (q), page 15 Mendel Vigderhaus...... 5,OOOFrench francs O.C.294 (I), page 4 )Emile Samuel Vigderhaus . . Six months O.C.294 fa;, page 3 I(lt is understood that O.C.294 fa;, page 3 both will appeal.) Poland. O.C.294 fa ;, Aloise Musiolik Six weeks Amount not given page 28, No. 1304 Mathias Sliwa . , Acquitted United S tates of A m erica. O.C.294 (I), page 14, No. 548 Max Kornhauser Five years O.C.294 (p;, page 18, No. 878 Anthony Ter amine. Eight years H arry Allen...... O.C.294 fa;, Four years page 19, No. 880 Harry Morris ...... Joseph Garvey One year O.C.294 fa;, page 10, No. 929 Thomas J. Bird .... Ten months O.C.294 page 18, No. 967 Charles Zimmerman Two years O.C.294 fa;, Raymond J. Kennett...... n , $5 page 21, No. 974 Santiago L. C a s tr o ...... |une day O.C.294 (s), page 16, No. 1084 Antonio Guisti. . Two years I Jack S tein ...... Ten years 1 Harry Burgess. . Five years O.C.294(s), )Leo Osuske .... page 18, No. 1095iFreda Reisler . . Three years I Sally Stein ...... Eighteen months \ Sam Reisler Released [ Max Putzer Three years 0 C 294 (s J 1 Philip Margolies Two and a half years nf»P 18 ivn mQS Robert B arbalat page 18, No. 1098 John Molinaro Eighteen months John Dede ...... One year and a day Ît- ™ /- a ! Three years and nine Tom G ordon...... months O.C.294 fa;, )Fred W e b er...... i page 21, No. llll\L o n n ie R iggs...... (Four months Joseph G re e n ...... j Released Johnnie Jordan O.C.294 (s), page 25, No. 1183 John Mancuso. Two years O.C.294 ft;, page 16, No. 1147 A Chinese .... Five years (suspended) 0 C 294 ft 1 Ï-A- Chinese...... Three years LJ’ ic m i,,q A C h inese___ Two years ( appeal lodged) page 16, No. 1149(Two chinese _ One year and a day each Frank Harris . Seven years I Phillip Chasin ...... ! Two years 0 r 9 Q4 n i (Tommy Cooper...... 3 ' 00 .. ]lor,,David G oldbert...... Sixty days page 23, No. H80ijjerman shefkowitz Thirty days f Barney Cooper .... Sentences suspended I Albert Kriegman . . (Jacob Brown...... Six years O.C.294 ( t ) , _____ Sam G r e e n ...... Two years page 24, No. 118l| Sarah Green I One year and a day G re e n ...... (suspended) O.C.294 ft;, page 24, No. 1182 John Ford . . Case dismissed O.C.294 (5), page 16, No. 1 2 5 6 |Two Chinese Two years each I One Chinese Six years One Chinese (Three years and nine O.C.294 (u), Une bninese ...... , m0nths page 16, No. 1257)Qne chinese Eighteen months I One Chinese Released — 6 —

R esult Reference Name Imprisonment Fine

United States of A m erica (cont.). Seton Hieatt .. . Two yearsj O.C.294 (u), William Dersch. Three:e years page 17, No. 1258j One year and a day O.C.294 (u), page 20, No. 1272 One Chinese...... Five years O.C.294 (u), Antonio Ferrara . Seven years page 22, No. 1282 Ercola Molea .., Three years O.C.294 (u), page 23, No. 1284 Sam Bernstein .. . Five years O.C.294(uj, Harry Walker .... Fifteen months page 23, No. 1285 Bernice Taylor . . . Released O.C.294 (u), Eugene Cesaro ... page 24, No. 1288 Samuel Greenberg Three years O.C.294 (u), page 29, No. 1307 Jerome McPhee Five years O.C.294 (u), page 30, No. 1311 John Champion Three years and eight O.C.294fu;, months page 30, No. 1312 Bessie Baroni.... Five years O.C.294 fyj, Ernest Isquierdo. Two months page 20, No. 1373 Ernest Henri ques Eighteen months O.C.294fyj, One Chinese .... One year and a day page 25, No. 1390 Four Chinese. Four months each O.C.294 (v), One Chinese...... Six months page 25, No. 1391 One Chinese...... Three months O.C.294(i>;, page 25; No. 1393 Five years Antoinette Menidetto. One year and a day O.C.294 (v), ! (suspended) page 28, No. 1406(Luigi 1406' Argenziano One year and a day and deportation O.C.294 (v), Eli Yarborough.. .. Eighteen months page 33, No.’ 1420 Donald Yarborough Still pending O.C.294 (v), page 33, No. 1423 Ivon Goldsworthy . Five years Turkey. O.C.294 (v), One accused Six months page 19, No. 1368 Two accused Three months each PART II.

A. — REPORTS ON THE DISCOVERY OF CLANDESTINE MANUFACTURE OF NARCOTIC DRUGS.

B. — NEW CASES OF SEIZURES DIVIDED INTO THE FOLLOWING GROUPS :

1. R a w O p iu m . 5. C o c a in e . 2. P r e p a r e d O p iu m a n d D r o s s . 6. I n d ia n H e m p . 3. M o r p h i n e . 7. M iscellaneous . 4. H e r o in .

A. REPORTS ON THE DISCOVERY OF CLANDESTINE MANUFACTURE OF NARCOTIC DRUGS.

No. 1455.—Discovery of Clandestine Manufacture of Dioniné Pills at Hong-Kong on January 3rd, 1935.

1. 17108/387. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, March 19th, 1935. 3(a). Dionine pills : 2,209. 5. Persons implicated : A travelling trader between Kong Moon and Hong-Kong, and a woman. 8. The pills, together with apparatus and drugs for their manufacture, were found during a search of some premises in Peel Street, Hong-Kong. Pills were found in the course of manufacture being dried in a special drying cupboard. The usual ingredients for the manufacture of pills, such as aspirin, caffeine, sugar of milk, etc., were amongst the substances seized, but there was no morphine or heroin. A bottle of 30 grains of dionin was found, and this substance was also in the pills. This is the first occasion upon which evidence has been obtained of the use of dionine for the purpose of pill- making. The woman who was arrested at the time of the discovery admitted the, possession of morphine pills. 9. The trader came forward in court and took full responsibility. The woman was therefore discharged and the trader fined 700 Hong-Kong dollars (830 Swiss francs) or eight months’ imprisonment.

No. 1456.—Discovery of a Clandestine Drug Factory at No. 3,391 Lane, rue Foche Shanghai, April 7th, 1933. 1. 9376/7566. 2. Chinese Government in its annual report for 1933, February 22nd, 1935. 3fa;. Red pills : Quantity not given ; Equipment : Kind not specified. 5. Persons implicated : Seven Chinese. 8. The factory was discovered by inspecting officers. The pills and equipment were confiscated and destroyed. 9. One Chinese was sentenced to eighteen months’ imprisonment and to a fine of 3,000 Mexican dollars (3,600 Swiss francs). A second Chinese was sentenced to six months’ imprisonment and a fine of 600 Mexican dollars (720 Swiss francs). The others were acquitted.

No. 1457.—Discovery of a Clandestine Heroin Factory at 117, Ningkuo Road, Inter national Settlement, Shanghai, August 27th, 1934. 1. 0,C.S.205(&;. 13103/388. 2. Shanghai Municipal Council, January 18th, 1935. Crude morphine : 5 kg. (11 lb.) ; Thick liquid containing 6 6 per cent of solid matter of which the chief constituent was heroin : 7 kg. 727 grs. (17 lb.) ; Brown liquid, alkaline in reaction, containing about 50 per cent of fine crystal of heroin : 17 kg. 271 grs. (38 lb.) gross weight ; Brown powder containing approximately 40 per cent morphine : Quantity not given ; Crystalline paste consisting of fine crystals of heroin in alcohol ; Quantity not given (content of solid in the paste is approximately 44 per cent by weight) ; Equipment. 5. Persons implicated : Five Chinese and two Japanese. 8. The heroin plant was established in the rear part of the premises, the front part, beine utilised by a Japanese for a wine factory entitled the “ Yamate Sake Factory ” The manufacture of heroin was carried on on a large scale. The equipment was that of a manufacturing laboratory and included apparatus for vacuum filtration, one electric transformer, twelve large glass vacuum filtration flasks, six funnels ; four fume masks made in Japan ; one box of filter-papers made by Takeda & Co. of Osaka, Japan ; one electric heating-plate ; ten large empty earthenware kongs- three heating stoves ; six large glass flasks ; and various iron enamelled dishes’ A large copper still with warm condenser was in an outhouse. The stocks of chemicals included thirty-six tins of alcohol (94 per cent) made in Formosa ; eighteen bottles of glacial acetic acid ; six large drums of ether ; 278 lb. of soda ash ; 24 lb. of powdered charcoal and ten bottles of hydrochloric acid. Photographs of the factory are in the archives of the Secretariat. 9. Two Chinese were sentenced to two years’ imprisonment and a fine of 1,000 Shanghai dollars (1,060 Swiss francs) each. One was sentenced to eight months’ imprisonment and two to six months’ imprisonment. The two Japanese were both fined 50 yen (52 Swiss francs).

No. 1458.—Discovery of a Clandestine Pill Factory at Lane 90, House 25, Markham Road, International Settlement, Shanghai, September 5th, 1934.

1. 0.0.8.205^;. 13103/388. 2. Shanghai Municipal Council, January 18th, 1935. 3(a). “ Health pills ” : 5 kg. 454 grs. (12 lb.) ; Pill mass : 455 grammes (1 lb.) ; Mixed ingredients : 2 kg. 273 grs. (5 lb.). 5". Persons implicated : Three Chinese. 8. The manufacturing of these “ health pills ” was fairly extensive. No pill-making machine was used, but the pills were rolled into shape with the hands. They were sold in packets on which was printed a picture of the Chinese national flag and the name of the manufacturer, DahYih Medicine Co., but not the address. The pills are very similar to ordinary red pills. The amount of morphine present was 2.8 per cent by weight of the pills. This is equivalent to 28 per cent of a medicinal opium standardised to contain 10 per cent morphine. 9. One Chinese was sentenced to two years and six months’ imprisonment and fined 1,000 Shanghai dollars (1,060 Swiss francs) ; another was sentenced to one year’s imprisonment and fined 200 dollars (212 Swiss francs). The third was sentenced to seven months’ imprisonment and fined 50 dollars (53 Swiss francs).

No. 1459.—Discovery of a Clandestine Red Pill Factory at Lane 1462, House No. 75, Chungking Road, International Settlement, Shanghai, on September 5th, 1934.

1. 0.c.s.205f&;. 13103/388. 2. Shanghai Municipal Council, January 18th, 1935. 3(a). Bed pills : 2 kg. 73 grs. (73 oz.) ; Morphine : 28 grammes (1 oz.) ; Utensils used for the manufacture of the pills. 5. Persons implicated : Three Chinese. 8. The manufacture of red pills was carried on on a small scale. Information leading to the raid was obtained from a pill trafficker, who was arrested for being in possession of 1 kg. 818 grs. of red pills. The utensils included one pill-making machine, one drying stage, one counting board, one pair of scales and one sieve. This equipment was procured locally. 9. One Chinese was sentenced to two years and eight months’ imprisonment and a fine of 500 Shanghai dollars (530 Swiss francs) and another to three months’ imprisonment. The third was acquitted.

No. 1460.—Discovery of a Clandestine Heroin Factory at 59, Darroch Road, Shanghai, on September 15th, 1934.

1. 0.c.s.205(f>;. 13103/388. 2. Shanghai Municipal Council, January 18th, 1935. 3(a). Heroin: 3 kg.294grs. (116oz.). 5. Persons implicated : Three Chinese and two Japanese. 8. The premises were those of a Japanese restaurant called “ Kikuya ” and were situated outside the Settlement limits. While inspecting the premises, the Japanese Consular police officials perceived a strong odour of ether and proceeded to investigate. On — 9 —

the second floor, they discovered that a heroin plant was operated there on a large scale. Besides the heroin, a small packet of brown powder weighing 114 grammes and probably containing residual crude opium alkaloids from which the morphine had been separated was seized ; also seven full earthenware kongs containing a brown liquid with a layer of dirty white insoluble powder which consisted of heroin. The equipment was that of a manufacturing laboratory and included two 1-h.p. dynamos with vacuum pumps ; ten Florence flasks, four Buchner funnels ; three large filtration flasks ; one large glass beaker ; one china mortar with seven pestles ; two porcelain pails ; three large basins ; three empty earthenware kongs ; two rubber gas-masks made in Tokyo ; eight glass bottles ; one drying-stage with ten trays ; six sieves and a quantity of filter-papers. The stocks of chemicals included twelve bottles of glacial acetic acid labelled I.P.V. made by Fukuju Laboratory, Osaka, Japan ; fifty-nine tins of ether containing 5 gallons each ; nine tins of alcohol, containing 10 gallons each, from Formosa ; eight carboys of chloroform, containing 10 gallons each ; one box of soda ash and seventeen bottles of hydrochloric acid. Photographs of the factory are in the archives of the Secretariat. 9, The three Chinese are still on remand at the Shanghai Woosung Garrison Commander’s office ; the Japanese Consular Court of Shanghai sentenced one of the Japanese to one month’s imprisonment and fined the other (the owner of the restaurant) 50 yen (52 Swiss francs).

No. 1461.—Discovery of a Clandestine Pill Factory at the Central Dispensary, 716, East Seward Road, International Settlement, Shanghai, September 20th, 1934.

1. O.C.S.205(b). 13103/388. 2. Shanghai Municipal Council, January 18th, 1935. 3fa;. Pills : 39 small boxes ; Crude morphine : 28 grammes (1 oz.) ; Heroin : 14 grammes (| oz.). 5. Persons implicated : Two Chinese. 8. This dispensary was engaged in the manufacture of a kind of “ health pills ”, the composition of which was very similar to that of the ordinary red pills. The average weight of one pill was 0.268 gramme and each pill contained 0.97 per cent morphine. 9. One Chinese was sentenced to six months’ imprisonment and a fine of 300 Shanghai dollars (318 Swiss francs) and the other to six months’ imprisonment and a fine of 200 Shanghai dollars (212 Swiss francs).

No. 1462.—Discovery of a Clandestine Pill Factory at 1400, Avenue Edward VII International Settlement, Shanghai, October 2nd, 1934.

1. 0-C.S.205f6;. 13103/388. 2. Shanghai Municipal Council, January 18th, 1935. 3 w . Red pills : 27 kg. 270 grs. (60 lb.) ; Utensils for the manufacture of the pills. 5. Persons implicated : Seven Chinese. 8. Manufacture was carried on on a fairly large scale. The information leading to the discovery of the factory was obtained from a person arrested earlier in the day in possession of 1 kg. 364 grs. of pills. The equipment included one pill-making machine, one large drying cabinet with eight trays, four pairs of scales and one counting board. The utensils were made locally. 9. One Chinese was sentenced to two years and six months’ imprisonment, three to two years’ imprisonment and three to eighteen months’ imprisonment.

No. 1463.—Discovery of a Clandestine Heroin Factory at 175/177, Avenue Road, International Settlement, Shanghai, on October 10th, 1934.

1. 0,C.S.205f&;. 13103/388. 2. Shanghai Municipal Council, January 18th, 1935. Crude heroin : 139 kg. 532 grs. (307 lb.). 5. Persons implicated : Three Chinese. 8- Following an outbreak of fire, it was discovered that a heroin plant was operated on the second and third floors of the premises. Although the premises were much damaged by the fire, there remained evidence of a very extensive heroin production. On the ground floor there was established a shop bearing the name of “ Sing Hwo Blanket & Rug Co.”, which was, however, only a blind. In addition to the heroin, the following items of interest were seized : (1) Sixteen large kongs covered with wooden lids and each full of a dark aqueous liquid with a solid crusted deposit at the bottom — 10 —

of the kong ; this deposit was found to consist of crude heroin. The total weight of dry crude heroin present in one of the kongs analysed weighed roughly 1 kg. 6501rs If a similar heroin content is allowed to each of the other kongs, these would contain together some 26 kg. (2) Twelve large shallow enamel bowls full of a liquid which, when analysed, was found to contain heroin in the amount of approximately 6 per cent. The bowls were large enough to hold roughly about 2 or 3 gallons each and each bowl would thus represent between 568 and 595 grammes of heroin (3) Large glass flasks loosely packed with strands of tow which was partly impregnated with a black sticky mass with a strong acetous odour and a strong acid reaction Analysis of this sticky substance showed the presence of morphine and heroin, the ratio of morphine to heroin being as 4 to 1. The characters of this material suggest that the tow was being used to remove material remaining in the flasks after the main portion of the reaction mixture had been extracted. (4) A wooden box with no lid drying trays and an enamelled iron bowl, all containing a brown powder, which on examination, was found to consist of crude heroin, obviously the dried solid product from the kongs described under (1). The heroin content in this powder was found to be 70.8 per cent. The equipment found on the premises was that of a manufacturing laboratory and consisted of four electrical vacuum pumps, twelve Buchner funnels, one " Areola ” hot-water boiler, twenty-four large filtration flasks, etc. The stocks of chemicals included twenty-seven carboys of acid acetic anhydride, tins of alcohol, ethyl ether and chloroform and twenty-two cases of soda ash. Photographs of the factory are in the archives of the Secretariat. 9. Three of the Chinese arrested were each sentenced to six months’ imprisonment. The seven others, who are believed to be the principals, are still at large, and Circular Orders for their arrest are on file.

No. 1464.—Discovery of a Clandestine Heroin Factory at 124, Taku Road, International Settlement, Shanghai, October 19th, 1934.

1. O.C.S.205fZ>j. 13103/388. 2. Shanghai Municipal Council, January 18th, 1935. 3(a). Crude heroin hudrochloride ) »T „ . .. D •, , ■ j/ ; • j No quantities given Residual opium alkaloids J H ° Equipment. 5. The inmates of the premises had escaped prior to the arrival of the police. 8. The heroin plant was discovered when a large basin containing a hard brittle mass caught fire while it was being heated on a charcoal-burner on the roof. On the ground floor of the premises there was a coal and firewood shop named “ Dah Chong Hao ”, which was only a blind. The equipment consisted of a hand-driven vacuum pump, two Buchner funnels, two large filtration flasks, five Florence flasks, three large earthenware kongs, etc. From the materials seized, it may be surmised that extraction of morphine from a crude mixture of opium alkaloids and conversion of morphine into heroin by acétylation was in process on the premises.

No. 1465.—Discovery of Two Clandestine Pill Factories at Lane 713, House No. 57, Kwenming Road, and 965, Chemulpo Road, International Settlement, Shanghai, November 4th and 6 th, 1934.

1. 0,C.S.205f&;. 13103/388. 2. Shanghai Municipal Council, January 18th, 1935. 3(a). Red pills : 6 kg. 248 grs. (220 oz.) and a small quantity (amount not given) ; Pill mass : 14 kg. 314 grs. (504 oz.) ; Utensils for the manufacture of the pills. 5. Persons implicated : Ten Chinese. 8 . Pill-manufacturing was accidentally discovered on these premises in the course of an enquiry in connection with a theft. Manufacture on a fairly large scale was carried on. The equipment consisted of one pill-making machine, one drying cabinet with seven trays, one sieve and one pair of scales. These utensils were procured locally- In the course of enquiries in connection with this case, investigations established that the persons connected with it were also operating another pill factory at 965, Chemulpo Road. Manufacture was carried on at this address only on a small scale. 9. Three Chinese were sentenced to eighteen months’ imprisonment and fined 120 Shanghai dollars (127 Swiss francs) ; four, to eight months’ imprisonment and a fine of 60 Shanghai dollars (64 Swiss francs) ; three were acquitted. 11 —

Mo 1466.—Discovery of a Clandestine Heroin Factory atl37, Darroch Road, Shanghai N ovem ber 7th, 1934.

I O.C.S.205(&;. 13103/388. 2, Shanghai Municipal Council, January 18th, 1935. 3/a). Crystalline heroin in an alcoholic liquor : 12 kg. 272 grs. (27 lb.). (This mixture had a content of about 30 per cent dry heroin.) Equipment. 5, Person implicated : Z. Ozawa, Japanese. 8. The premises at 137, Darroch Road were raided, but manufacturing was not in process at the time of the raid. Both front and rear doors were boarded up and access could only be gained through the adjoining house, occupied by Ozawa. A search of the vicinity located an unoccupied house, No. 142, Darroch Road, which was used for the storing of the manufactured crude heroin and some of the movable apparatus, including two electric vacuum pumps. In addition to these pumps, the equipment included ten Florence flasks, five earthenware funnels, five enamelled ladles, etc., and the stock of chemicals consisted of ammonia, soda ash, ether, chloroform waste, etc. 9. Ozawa was fined 30 yen (31 Swiss francs) by the Japanese court.

No. 1467.—Discovery of a Clandestine Pill Factory at Lane 295, House 40, Wuchow Road, International Settlement, Shanghai, November 28th, 1934.

1. 0.c.s.205(7>;. 13103/388. 2. Shanghai Municipal Council, January 18th, 1935. 3w. Red pills : 1 kg. 364 grs. (3 lb.) ; Utensils for the manufacture of the pills ; Three opium pipes. 5. Persons implicated : Two Chinese. 8. Following the arrest of a pill trafficker who was in possession of the pills, the Municipal Police visited these premises and found evidence of manufacture. The equipment consisted of one pair of scales and two drying-tray s. 9. One Chinese was sentenced to a fine of 300 Shanghai dollars (318 Swiss francs) or 150 days’ imprisonment. The other was released owing to lack of evidence.

No. 1468.—Discovery of a Clandestine Pill Factory at Lane 94, House 24, Elgin Road, International Settlement, Shanghai, December 6 th, 1934.

1. 0,C.S.205f6;. 13103/388. 2. Shanghai Municipal Council, January 18th, 1935. 3(a). Red pills : 5 kg. 454 grs. (12 lb.) ; Utensils for the manufacture of the pills. 5. Persons implicated : Two Chinese. 8. Pill-manufacturing was carried on on a small scale. The equipment included one pill- making machine, one drying cabinet with six trays, two pestles, one pair of scales and one basket. 9. The two Chinese were both sentenced to one year’s imprisonment and fined 100 Shanghai dollars (106 Swiss francs).

No. 1469.—Discovery of a Clandestine Pill Factory at 431, North Kiangse Road, International Settlement, Shanghai, December 20th, 1934.

1. O.C.S.205(6J. 13103/388. 2. Shanghai Municipal Council, January 18th, 1935. 3w. Red pills : 11 kg. 622 grs. (374 oz.) ; Heroin : 7 grammes (J oz.) ; Utensils for the manufacture of the pills. 5. Persons implicated : Five Chinese. 8. Information leading to the discovery of the factory was obtained from three persons arrested earlier in the day at Lane 572, House 101, Boone Road. This address was used as a distributing base for the illicit sale of the “ Butterfly and Cockerel ” brand of red pills. These pills were sold at $3.50 (Shanghai) (3 Swiss francs) per packet of 500 pills. The equipment at the factory consisted of one pill-making machine, one drying cabinet with five trays, and a quantity of cloth bags and labels. 9. Two Chinese were sentenced to one year and two months’ imprisonment and a fine of 200 Shanghai dollars (212 Swiss francs) each. Two others were sentenced to one year’s imprisonment and a fine of 60 dollars (64 Swiss francs) each. The fifth Chinese was sentenced to six months’ imprisonment and a fine of 40 dollars (42 Swiss francs). — 12 —

No. 1470.—Discovery of am Illicit Drug Factory situated on the European Side of the S traits of Bosphorus, F ebruary 9th, 1935. 1. 16785/387. 2. Turkish Minister for Health and Social Welfare, February 24th, 1935. 3(a). Heroin : 1 kg. 210 grs. ; Morphine base : 660 grammes ; Equipment. 5. Persons implicated : Emile Copanos, Greek, head of the gang ; Jaques Marco ; Hihni oglou Zia, and others. 8. The authorities had reason to suspect that Marco belonged to a band of traffickers and took steps to have him watched. The enquiries led to the arrest of Copanos and the rest of the gang. In addition to drug-smuggling, Copanos was interested in a mining concern at Eskichéhir in Asia Minor. The clandestine factory was installed in the upper story of a house, the lower part of which was occupied by a Turkish family. Efforts are being made to discover whether Copanos had installed another factory at Eskichéhir. 9. The accused persons have all been handed over to the court, together with the material seized. No. 1471.—Discovery of Illicit Manufacture of Heroin at Istanbul and of Illicit Traffic in Hashish and Heroin between Istanbul and the Piraeus, December 11th, 1934. 1. O.C.S.227. 16217/387. 2. Turkish Minister for Health and Social Welfare, January 20th, 1935. 3(a). Heroin : 633 grammes, and three packets, weight not given ; Hashish : 38 kg. 899 grs. ; (b). Heroin : 2 kg. 700 grs. 5. Persons implicated : Dimitri Aslanidis, Greek, principal supplier to the gang ; Georges Bakladjioglou,1 Aleco Agouroglou,2 and Djunias, principal associates of Aslanidis, chief financiers to the gang ; Georges Isakidis ; Apostol Kyriakidis, alias Aspiro Malli ; Halil, living at Yalova, Turkey, supplying hashish to the gang ; Sotiri, Greek, agent of maritime transport at the Piraeus ; Ibrahim, a steward on board the s.s. Izmir ; and sixteen others. 8. The police, having received information in regard to a band of traffickers occupied in the illicit drug traffic between Istanbul and the Piraeus, got into touch with a certain Mehmed, a one-time police officer, and actually the owner of a shop in Galata. Mehmed was arrested at the moment he was handing over to a police agent 2 grammes of heroin. A search at his shop revealed three other packets of heroin. On being questioned, Mehmed said that he had obtained the heroin from a certain Tatar Omer, who was in turn arrested, and through whom the police were able to trace the other members of the band. 600 grammes of heroin were found in a trunk belonging to a friend of Ibrahim’s mother, his mother having put it there without the knowledge of her friend. One gramme was also found in Ibrahim’s cabin on board the Izmir. When Ibrahim was questioned, he stated that, nine months before, he had, through the intermediary of his brother, Kemal, made the acquaintance of Kyriakidis, who suggested to him that he should smuggle the packets of heroin to the Piraeus on board the Izmir and hand them over to Sotiri ; up to the date he was arrested, he had smuggled 2 kg. 700 grs. of heroin in this manner. Kyriakidis, being arrested, declared that he got his supplies from Aslanidis, who lived at Istanbul. A search was made of the premises belonging to Aslanidis, resulting in the discovery in the cellars of an installation for the conversion of crude morphine into heroin. It was also found that Aslanidis was trafficking in hashish, as 38 kg. 899 grs. were found in the same cellar. Aslanidis was assisted in manufacturing the heroin by Isakidis, and Miltiadis, a travelling vinegar merchant, transported the heroin when manufactured in vinegar barrels which had hidden compartments specially con structed by him. 9. The case is pending. One of the accused, a clerk at the Greek (Ecumenic Patriarchate at Phanar, offered the Chief of the Narcotics Bureau 3,000 Turkish pounds (7,200 Swiss francs) to stop the judicial proceedings against Aslanidis.

T o ta l Q u a n t it y o f N a r c o t ic P il l s se iz e d : 1934:59 kg. 485 grs. ; also 39 small boxes, and 361,148 pills seized in Canada (see Case No. 1573, under “ Miscellaneous ”). 1935 : 2,209 dionine pills.

T o ta l Q u a n t it y o f P il l M ass s e iz e d : 14 kg. 769 grs.

1 See documents O.C.294 fo>, page 25 ; O.C.294 fsj, page 4, No. 790, and O.C.294f>j, Page 5, No. 983. 1 See document O.C.594fo;, pages 25 and 26, No. 791. — 13 —

B. NEW GASES OF SEIZURES.

1. RAW OPIUM.

No. 1472.—Seizures at Hong-Kong in July and August 1934. 1. 10051/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, November 5th, 1934. 3 fa). Raw opium: 59 kg. 546 grs. (1,576 taels). The report only includes seizures of over 50 taels (1 kg. 889 grs.) ; 19 kg. 43 grs. of this opium were Iranian and the rest, 40 kg. 503 grs., was Chinese. 7. 37 kg. 859 grs. bore the Pagoda Kwong Tung labels. 2 kg. 645 grs. bore the Pagoda label only. 8. There were ten cases. In most of these cases, the opium was found concealed on the person of the accused, who were all Chinese. 9. Sentences ranged from a fine of 1,000 Hong-Kong dollars (1,186 Swiss francs) or three months’ imprisonment to a fine of 5,000 Hong-Kong dollars (5,930 Swiss francs) or twelve months’ imprisonment.

No. 1473.—Seizure at Hong-Kong on September 13th, 1934, ex the s.s. “ Canton ”, 1. 16470/387. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, November 5th, 1934, and January 22nd, 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 657 kg. 424 grs. (17,400 taels). 4. The s.s. Canton had arrived from Haiphong on September 12th. The opium was of Yunnan origin. 5. The bill of lading showed that the hides in which the opium was concealed were shipped by P. R. Brochard, Transitaire, Haiphong. 8. The opium was found in a consignment of 67 bales of raw cow-hides. On opening the bales, most of them were found to contain about six hides folded in a different manner, to which had been carefully sewn on the inside a square piece of hide, so that the join was concealed by the folds ; underneath this piece was a square of about eighteen inches of oiled paper, which contained a thin layer of raw Yunnan opium, from its appearance, of this year’s crop ; the amount in each hide varied slightly, but averaged 40 taels. 303 hides were found to contain opium. The man who came to the godown while the officers were there, and who was found to be in possession of the key of the godown, was arrested. The headquarters of the firm implicated were found on the ground floor of 14, Wing Wo Street, but the premises had been abandoned in haste before the officers arrived. The firm had only been at this address two or three months, and had recently constructed a “ hide ” underneath the floor by removing two small tiles, evidently with the intention of storing the opium under the floor. A letter in Chinese was found on these premises, the translation of which is as follows : “ To Messrs. Man Hing Tseung. Gentlemen, We beg to inform you that on the 28th instant we sent down to Tau from Yunnan 67 bales of raw hides for delivery to the Fo Lo Sha foreign firm at Haiphong for forwarding to you. On arrival please examine and receive them. We hope that you will do your utmost to sell them. Then we shall be much obliged. We shall be glad of your reply in due course. With regards. Ng Lap Fu. Chop of the Wing Taz Tseung, Yunnan. Dated 29th August.” On the envelope was the following address : " To Messrs. Man Hing Tseung, No. 14 Wing Wo Street, ground floor, Hong-Kong. Bill of lading within ”, It will be seen from this letter that opium is not specifically mentioned, but the hasty abandonment of his premises by the addressee leaves no room for doubt but that the consignment had been carefully planned at both ends. Details of the case have been forwarded to the French Consul, with a view to tracing the source, which is probably Yunnan direct in transit by the Yunnan Railway direct to Haiphong.

No. 1474.— Seizures at Hong-Kong during September 1934. 1. 10051/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 22nd, 1935. 3r

No. 1475.—Seizure on October 11th, 1934, on Board the s.s. “ Kong N ing ”, a River Steamer plying between Wuchow and Hong-Kong.

1. 0.C.S.225. 15671/387. 2 The representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 9th 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 5 kg. 101 grs. (135 taels). 7. The opium was of the usual Bamboo cake type of Chinese raw opium with Kwang Si labels on each cake. 8. The opium was in three parcels found in the ship’s galley. On one of the parcels a certificate was attached, the English translation of which is as follows ; “ Transportation Certificate for Opium-smoking Habit Cure Medicines. Provincial Government of Kwang Si. On receipt of a report by the Chuen On that the following Opium-smoking Habit Cure Medicines will be exported for sale outside this province, a Transportation Certificate is hereby issued for the same to be examined and passed by all Bureaux on the way. No unreasonable detention is allowed. It should not be exported to any place other than that specified or opened in transit on pain of punishment. Parcel—Basket—Box Number 4 Gross Weight—Nett Weight 65.5 taels. Transported from . . . Transported to . . . Issued to merchant Chuen On Anti-Opium Bureau of Wuchow 6/10/23rd year. New Scale. Kwang Si Provincial Government stamp Valid for days.” I t will be observed that the space for the destination and place of origin is left blank.

No. 1476.—Seizure at Hong-Kong, October 29th, 1934. 1. 16112/387. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 28th, 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 5 kg. 441 grs. (144 taels). 4. On board the s.s. Tjikembang (Java-China-Japan Line) from Singapore and Java. The opium was of Iranian origin. 7. The opium bricks were wrapped in the usual red paper and each cake was stamped with the stamp “A & B Monopoly I ”. In addition each cake bore a yellow label, stamped over with a violet stamp. This yellow label bears a serial number 66197 and a statement, in Chinese, to the effect that the opium is “ Fukien Stock ”. The violet stamp, in Chinese, states that it is of the “ Supervisors’ Office, Fukien Office ”. A sample of the yellow label is in the archives of the Secretariat. 8. The opium was found concealed on board the vessel. The information was to the effect that it had been taken on board at Amoy before the vessel’s voyage to Singapore and Java, but that Customs supervision had made landing impossible. The Superintendent of Imports and Exports, Hong-Kong, considers it probable that this opium formed part of the consignment brought to Amoy by the s.s. Vooyang.1

No. 1477.—Seizures at Hong-Kong during October 1934. 1. 10051/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 22nd, 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 111 kg. 122 grs. (2,941 taels). The report only includes seizures over 50 taels (1 kg. 889 grs.) ; 81 kg. 47 grs. were of Chinese origin and the rest, 30 kg. 75 grs., of Iranian origin. 7. 51 kg. 914 grs. bore the “ Kwong Tung Pagoda ” labels. The Iranian opium was labelled “ A & B ”. 8. There were twelve cases and seven arrests, the accused all being Chinese. In six cases, the opium was found in the possession of the accused ; in one, in a specially made hole in the wall of the kitchen of accused’s house ; in four, onboard steamers ; and in one, during a raid on a house, no one being found on the premises at the time of the raid. 9. Sentences varied between a fine of 1,000 Hong-Kong dollars (1,186 Swiss francs) or five months’ imprisonment and a fine of 5,000 Hong-Kong dollars (5,930 Swiss francs) or one year’s imprisonment.

No. 1478.—Seizure at Kowloon Dock, Hong-Kong, November 20th, 1934.

1. 15976/387. 2. The representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 23rd, 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 94 kg. 458 grs. (2,500 taels) ; Prepared opium : 197 kg. 605 grs. (5,230 taels).

1 See document O.C.294 fi;, page 33, No. 1221. — 15 —

7 The raw opium was of Chinese origin from the Yunnan District. A gunny bag was found with the tins of raw opium bearing the number 2416 and the mark “ A & B Monopoly IB M ”, which is a mark much used on cases of Iranian opium. The cakes of raw opium bore labels with Chinese characters, the translation of which is given as follows : " Tai Yau Shop, Yunnan Province. Goods in cakes from western route. Selected genuine product. If found not genuine exchange guaranteed.” Samples of the labels are in the archives of the Secretariat. The prepared opium bore the “ Red Lion ”, “ Yick Kee ”, “ Lo Fuk Kee ” and " Chicken ” labels. 8 , It is of interest to note that Yunnan opium now tends to come direct to Hong-Kong, presumably in order to avoid the heavy taxation in Kwangtung and Kwangsi. The Superintendent of Imports and Exports at Hong-Kong is of the opinion that this opium was imported from Kwangchow Wan and that it was probably intended for export to the United States. The opium was found in three specially constructed tanks which had been sunk on the sea bed at the eastern end of Kowloon Dock. There was no arrest.

No. 1479.—Seizures in Hong-Kong during November 1934.

1. 10051/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, February 7th, 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 177 kg. 240 grs. (4,691 taels). The report only includes seizures of over 50 taels (1 kg. 889 grs.). 7. The opium was all of Chinese origin. 93 kg. 248 grs. bore Kwong Tung Pagoda labels ; 79 kg. 722 grs. bore Kwong Si labels ; 2 kg. 267 grs. bore various marks, including the two above mentioned, the Pillow Brand, No. I Monopoly, Crossed Axes and Sam Lee Shop, Yunnan. 2 kg. bore no marks. 8 . There were thirteen cases and six arrests. In seven cases, no arrests were made. 9. Sentences ranged from a fine of 10 Hong-Kong dollars (11 Swiss francs) to a fine of 2,800 Hong-Kong dollars (3,321 Swiss francs) or ten months’ imprisonment.

No. 1480.—Seizure on the s.s. “ H ero ” at Hong-Kong, December 3rd, 1934.

1. 16415/387. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, February 7th, 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 22 kg. 670 grs. (600 taels) ; Prepared opium : 170 kg. 24 grs. (4,500 taels). 4. By the s.s. Hero (Norwegian) bound from Hong-Kong for Hongay and Singapore. The raw opium was of Iranian origin. 7. The raw opium bore the mark “ A & B ” but without the usual addition of the word “ Monopoly ” and the prepared opium was labelled with " Red Lion ” labels. 8. The opium appears to have been placed on board the vessel with the connivance of the engine-room staff, as the chief stoker absconded before its discovery. This is the first time that opium has been found on ships using this route.

No. 1481.—Seizure on a Junk at Tsun Wan, Hong-Kong, December 6 th, 1934.

1. 16391/387. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, February 6 th, 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 793 kg. 443 grs. (21,000 taels). 4. On board a fishing junk No. 61 H.W. (Hong-Kong licence). The opium was of Chinese origin. 7. The opium bore the Kwangsi Province revenue labels and no others, which proved that it was a direct import and had not passed through the Kwangtung Province. 8. Acting on information, Revenue officers searched the junk, which was anchored in Tsun Bay. The opium was found in a secret compartment built into the keel of the junk and running about half the length of the ship ; it was covered with large boulders completely concealing it. Inside the compartment were found 48 sealed kerosine tins, which were full of raw opium, in bamboo cake form and appearing to be of the 1934 crop, as it was unusually soft. The junk was a large fishing junk (48 tons), with nets on board which had not been used for a long time. From the records in the Harbour Office, she had changed hands at Cheungchow Island in the New Territory Southern District in June 1934, but no further information can be obtained as to her movements since she left the harbour of Shaukiwan on the Island of Hong-Kong on November 1st, after having had her number repainted. Her actual owner is said — 16

to be Yuen Ha Kau, once famous as a robber chief in a neighbouring district of China, but the name Lau Fook appears on her licence as the owner. Nothing further can be discovered about the connection of these persons with the junk. It jg reported that neither had any share in the opium. Two men, who appeared to be merely members of the crew, were on board at the time the opium was found The secret compartnient could hold about 100 kerosine tins, and it is reported that the junk had carried 78 tins of opium on her last trip. 9 . The two men on board the junk were arrested and each sentenced to a fine of 5,000 Hong- Kong dollars (5,930 Swiss francs) or twelve months’ imprisonment.

No. 1482.—Seizures in Hong-Kong during December 1934. 1 . 10051/388. 2. The representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, March 7th, 1935 3(a). Raw opium : 80 kg. 138 grs. (2,121 taels). The report only includes seizures over50 taels (1 kg. 889 grs.). 5. Persons implicated : Three Chinese. 7. The opium was all of Chinese ofigin, 43 kg. 829 grs. bearing the Kwong Tung Pagoda labels and 36 kg. 309 grs. bearing Kwong Si labels. 8 . There were five cases. In one case, the opium was in two tins carried by defendant, who had just come up from a sampan on the water-front ; in another, the defendant was proceeding to Yaumati from a river-steamer ; in a third, the opium was concealed in 20 sacks of stone chippings imported per s.s. Fatshan from Canton. In the other two cases, the opium was found on board the river-steamer Chung On and in a dwelling-house in Queen’s Road. 9. The three Chinese were sentenced as follows : One, to a fine of 2,000 Hong-Kong dollars (2,372 Swiss francs) or eight months’ imprisonment ; the second, to a fine of 3,000 Hong-Kong dollars (3,558 Swiss francs) or six months’ imprisonment ; and the third, to a fine of 3,000 Hong-Kong dollars or nine months’ imprisonment.

No. 1483.—Seizures in Singapore in November 1934. 1 . 15391/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, February 7th, 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 32 kg. 338 grs. (855.90 taels). 4. 30 kg. 377 grs. were of Iranian origin and 1 kg. 681 grs. of Chinese origin. 8 . There were five cases of seizures over 10 taels. The number of cases of seizures of amounts less than 10 taels is not given. Sentences were passed on thirty-eight persons during the month, but this figur e includes cases in connection with prepared opium. 9. Sentences ranged from one day’s simple imprisonment and a fine of 390 localdollars (777 Swiss francs) or seven months’ rigorous imprisonment to one day’s simple imprisonment and a fine of 500 local dollars (996 Swiss francs) or eight months’ rigorous imprisonment.

No. 1484.—Seizures at Singapore in December 1934. 1. 15391/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, March 19th, 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 3 kg. 552 grs. (94 taels). 4. 3 kg. 98 grs. of opium were of Chinese origin. 8 . There was only one case involving a seizure of 10 taels or over. There was no arrest in this case. The number of cases involving the seizure of less than 10 taels was not given.

No. 1485.—Seizure at Hankow on January 7th, 1933, ex the s.s. “ H sin S h ez 1. 9376/7566. 2. Government of China in its annual report for 1933, February 22nd, 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 302 kg. 264 grs. (8,000 taels). 4. The Hsin Shez (San Pai Steamship Co.) was coming from Ichang. 8 . Prior to the seizure, information had been received that this vessel, which had been temporarily hired for military purposes, was bringing, under the protection of soldiers, a large quantity of opium from Ichang, destined for Shanghai. A search was made which resulted in the discovery of the opium. No arrests were effected, as the smugglers escaped. The opium was confiscated and destroyed.

No. 1486.—Seizure at Kiaochow, November 28th, 1934. 1. 2030/387(14). 2. Chinese Maritime Customs, through Mr. L. A. Lyall, Assessor to the Advisory Committee, February 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 3 kg. 175 grs. 17 —

4. The opium was of Iranian origin. It was seized on the s.s. Heng Tai (Chinese). 5 Person implicated : One Chinese. 7 There were no labels. 8. The opium was concealed on the body of the accused.

No. 1487.—Seizures at Lappa during the Fourth Quarter 1934. 1. 2030/387(15). 2. Chinese Maritime Customs, through Mr. L. A. Lyall, Assessor to the Advisory Committee, February 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 10 kg. 481 grs. ; Smoking paraphernalia. 4. The opium was of Iranian origin. The smoking paraphernalia came from Macao. 5. The accused were all of Chinese nationality. 7. There were no labels. 8. There were four cases. In three, the opium was found on the persons of passengers on the bus or on pedestrians coming from Macao. In the fourth case, it was found concealed in the bus as passenger’s luggage.

No. 1488.—Seizure at Shanghai, January 6 th, 1933, ex the s.s. “ Loongwo ”. 1. 9376/7566. 2. Chinese Government in its annual report for 1933, February 22nd, 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 34 kg. 458 grs. (912 taels). 4. The opium was seized on board the s.s. Loongwo (British) and was of Szechuan origin. 5. There were no arrests. 8. The opium was confiscated and destroyed.

No. 1489.—Seizure at Shanghai Post Office, January 24th, 1933. 1. 9376/7566. 2. Chinese Government, in its annual report for 1933, February 22nd, 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 40 kg. 503 grs. (1,072 taels). 5. The consignor was Ta Fung, of Kiangwan. The name of the supplier could not be ascertained. 8. The opium was found concealed in postal parcels, packed with galangal in cotton bags. It was sent to the Customs godown to be destroyed.

No. 1490.—Seizure at Shanghai on February 21st, 1933, ex the s.s. “ Fengyang Maru 1. 9376/7566. 2. Chinese Government in its annual report for 1933, February 22nd, 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 152 kg. 643 grs. (4,040 taels). 4. The opium was of Szechuan origin. 5. Person implicated : Chien Yu, of Hankow. 7. The opium was concealed on board, wrapped in paper parcels with labels attached. Particulars of these labels are not given. 8 . The opium was destroyed.

No. 1491.—Seizures at Shanghai during June and July 1934. 1. 2030/387(20). 2. Chinese Maritime Customs, through Mr. L. A. Lyall, Assessor to the Advisory Committee) January 1935. 3fa>. Raw opium : 13 kg. 410 grs. 4. On one Chinese, one British and one Japanese vessel. The Japanese vessel was coming from Dairen. The opium was all of Iranian origin. 7. There were no marks or labels. 8 . There were three cases. In one, the opium was found in the luggage of three Japanese steerage passengers, who were handed over to the River Police. In the other two cases, the opium was found on board the vessels and no arrests were made.

No. 1492.—Seizure at Tientsin on March 9th, 1933, on the Japanese Motor-boat “ Yu Yei, M aru No. 21 ”. 1. 9376/7566. 2. Chinese Government in its annual report for 1933, February 22nd, 1935. 3 fa;. Raw opium: 1,386 kg. 712 grs. (36,702 taels). 4. The opium was found to be of native origin. 8 . It was not possible to discover either the supplier or the consignee. The opium was confiscated and destroyed. — 18 —

No. 1493.—Seizure at Port Said on December 22nd, 1934. 1. 15877/387. 2. Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Cairo, January 12th, 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 653 grammes. 4. By the British tanker War Bharatta, of the British Admiralty. 5 . Persons implicated : Three Chinese seamen of the s.s. Apollonia. 7. There were no marks or labels. 8 . The accused were caught as they were coming off the War Bharalta, having obtained the seized opium on board. A search on both the War Bharalta and the Apollonia proved abortive, nothing but two opium pipes on board the War Bharatta bein» found. 9. Two of the accused were sentenced to one year’s imprisonment and a fine of £E400 (7,037 Swiss francs). The third was acquitted. They were all three sentenced, however, by the Customs Commission to pay a joint fine of 722 millièmes (13 Swiss francs).

No. 1494.—Seizure at Galata, Istanbul, November 27th, 1934.

1. 16221/387. 2. Turkish Government, January 20th, 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 61 kg. 505 grs. 5. Persons implicated : Philippe Epaminondas, Costi Minhas and Spiro Halikyos, all Greeks ; and Husséine, a Turkish Customs officer. 8 . The three Greeks, with the complicity of Husséine, were embarking the opium on board the s.s. Maréchal Jofjre (French), which was anchored at the quay when they were discovered. The opium was concealed in three suit-cases. 9. The offenders have all been arrested and brought before the Tribunal.

No. 1495.—Seizure at Izmir, January 1935. 1. 16220/387. 2. Turkish Government, January 20th, 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 25 kg. 150 grs. 5. Persons implicated : Mehmed Hattap andMehmed Nedjati, two Italian subjects living at Rhodes ; Halikaki, a mechanic. 8 . The accused were organising an enterprise for the illicit export of raw opium. 9. Mehmed Hattap was sentenced to six months’ imprisonment and Mehmed Nedjati and Halikaki to three months each. Each of the accused was sentenced, in addition, to pay a fine of £T196 (466 Swiss francs).

No. 1496.—Seizure at Izmir, February 7th, 1935. 1. 16929/387. 2. The Turkish Minister for Health and Social Welfare, February 25th, 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 77 kg. 5. Persons implicated : David Aboulafya ; Joseph Pardo ; Léon Matalon ; Osman Nouri. 7. No mention is made of any mark or label. 8 . Aboulafya, Pardo and Matalon were arrested for having concealed 12 kg. of opium in some sacks of almonds which they had taken on board the s.s. Derince, which was anchored in the port. A search at the shop owned by Aboulafya led to the discovery of a further 55 kg. of opium. Osman Nouri was a commissionaire who had facilitated the passing of the opium through the Customs. 9. The accused were all arrested.

No. 1497.—Seizure at New York, December 14th, 1934. 1. 1281/388(76). No. 360. 2. Government of the United States of America, March 11th, 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 5 kg. 340 grs. (Ilf lb.). 4. By the s.s. Platano (Balboa Shipping Co., Inc., of Panama. Chartered by United Fruit Co.), coming from Puerto Castillo, Honduras. 7. There were no marks or labels. 8 . The vessel left New York on November 24th, 1934, bound for Honduras, stopping at Puerto Castillo and Puerto Cortes for the purpose of taking on a cargo of bananas at each port. She then returned to New York, where, on her arrival, a search resulted in the discovery by Customs officers of the opium, which was found concealed on board. The owner could not be identified. — 19 —

No. 1498.—Illicit Traffic in Raw Opium between Yugoslavia, Switzerland and Paris, through the Intermediary of a Conductor of the International Wagon- Lits Company, in 1934. j 0.C.S.228. 388/388(9). 2. Italian Government, January 4th, 7th. 14th and 23rd, 1935. 3(a). Raw opium : 51 kg. 500 grs. ; (b). Raw opium : 46 kg. 4. 51 kg. 500 grs. were seized in a compartment ofthe Athens-Paris express. 5 , Persons implicated : Trayan Markovitch, Yugoslav, conductor of the Wagon-Lits Company ; Michel Katz, Polish merchant ; Mihilovich Milovan, Yugoslav. 8. Acting on information received from Paris, the authorities searched the train between Postumia and Trieste in December 1934, and found the opium in a linen-cupboard on board the train. Markovitch was arrested and at first refused to give any information, but later stated that he had met a certain “ Michel ” in a café near the Gare de Lyon, Paris, who persuaded him to undertake to bring opium from Athens, giving him to understand that he had already employed other Wagon-Lits conductors to smuggle opium from that city. Markovitch said that the opium was given him by a man called Manzakis, who booked a berth in the carriage under Markovitch’s care and, during the journey between Athens and Salonika, gave the opium to Markovitch, who hid it in the cupboard. Markovitch was to be awarded 1,500 French francs on handing over the opium to Michel or to his representative, who would board the train while in Switzerland, either at Brigue, Sion or Montreux, and who would take delivery during the journey. In the case of any mishap, Markovitch was to telegraph to " Michel ” at the address of “ Katz, avenue des Champs Elysées, Maison Lido, Paris On being questioned again at a later date, Markovitch confessed that Manzakis did not really exist, but that the opium was given to him by Milovan, a Yugoslav living at Belgrade. The arrangement was that Milovan was to hand the opium to Markovitch during the time that the train waited at the Yugoslav station of Vinkovci, but this could not be carried out, as the carriage under the care of Markovitch, which had come from Istanbul, was damaged and held up with its personnel at Bucharest. Milovan therefore handed it to Markovitch on his next journey between the Yugoslav stations of Lapovo and Belgrade. Markovitch declared that this opium had been bought in Macedonia and that its destination was Lausanne. During the month of October, Milovan had given Markovitch 45 kg. of opium between the stations of Lapovo and Ruma, Yugoslavia. The goods were hidden between the mattresses of the bed in a compartment which was occupied by Milovan up to Ruma, and from Milan by a woman who, during the journey between Milan and Paris, took the opium from its hiding-place and undertook to hand it to “ Michel Enquiries made at Geneva revealed the fact that an individual furnished with a Polish passport in the name of Michel Katz and living at the Maison Lido, 78, avenue des Champs Elysées, Paris, stayed for one night at the Hôtel Regina and left the next day for Venice. The Italian authorities have sent copies of a report on this case to the competent authori ties in France, Switzerland, Yugoslavia and Greece. Note.—Seizures of raw opium were also made in connection with the following cases, which included seizures of other drugs and which have been summarised under corresponding headings : Cases Nos. 1504, 1505, 1506 and 1515, under “ Prepared Opium

Q u a n t it ie s o f R a w O p iu m s e iz e d a s r e p o r t e d to t h e S e c r e t a r ia t 1933 1,916 kg. 580 grs. 1934 2,324 kg. 549 grs. 1935 ...... 102 kg. 150 grs.

2. PREPARED OPIUM AND DROSS.

No. 1499.—Seizures in Hong-Kong during August 1934. 1. 10051/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, November 5th, 1934. Prepared opium : 23 kg. 728 grs. (628 taels). The report only includes seizures of over 20 taels (755 grammes). 7. 21 kg. 7 grs. bore the “ Red Lion ” and “ Lion and Globe ” marks. 1 kg. 247 grs. were prepared locally. 8. There were four cases. In one case, the defendant was a passenger by steamer from Macao and the opium was concealed in a basket of live crabs. In two cases the opium was found in sampans in Victoria harbour. 9. The sentences ranged from a fine of 2,000 Hong-Kong dollars (2,372 Swiss francs) or one year’s imprisonment to a fine of 5,000 Hong-Kong dollars (5,930 Swiss francs) or one year’s imprisonment. — 20 —

No. 1500.—Seizures in Hong-Kong during September 1934.

1 . 10051/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 22nd, I935 3(a). Prepared opium : 48 kg. 778 grs. (1,291 taels). The report only includes seizures of over 20 taels (755 grammes). 1 kg. 776 grs. came from Wuchow. 7. 47 kg. 2 grs. bore the “ Red Lion ” and “ Lion & Globe ” labels. 869 grammes bore “ Buddah ” and “ Man & Woman ” labels. 8 . There were four cases and three arrests, the accused all being Chinese. In three cases the opium was found in the possession of the accused, and in the fourth, on board the s.s. Kronviken, plying between Hong-Kong, Swatow and Singapore. 9. The sentences varied between a fine of 1,900 Hong-Kong dollars (2,253 Swiss francs) or nine months’ imprisonment and a fine of 5,000 Hong-Kong dollars (5,930 Swiss francs) or one year’s imprisonment.

No. 1501.—Seizures at Hong-Kong during October 1934.

1. 10051/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 22nd, 1935. 3(a). Prepared opium : 1 kg. 965 grs. (52 taels). The report only includes seizures of over 20 taels (755 grammes). 1 kg. 133 grs. came from Wuchow. 7. 1 kg. 133 grs. was labelled “ Lan Fan ”. 8 . There were two cases. 1 kg. 133 grs. was found on board a river-steamer in the port of Victoria. The rest was found in the possession of a Chinese. 9. The Chinese was sentenced to a fine of 5,000 Hong-Kong dollars (5,930 Swiss francs) or to one year’s imprisonment.

No. 1502.—Seizures at Hong-Kong during November 1934.

1. 10051/388. 2. The representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, February 7th, 1935. 3(a). Prepared opium : 38 kg. 916 grs. (1,030 taels). The report only includes seizures of over 20 taels (755 grammes). 7. 37 kg. 783 grs. bore the “ Red Lion ” and “ Lion and Globe ” marks. 1 kg. 133 grs. bore the “ Lo Fook Kee ” mark and came from Kwangchow Wan. 8 . There were two cases and six arrests, the accused all being of Chinese nationality. 9. Two Chinese were sentenced to a fine of 5,000 Hong-Kong dollars (5,930 Swiss francs) or one year’s imprisonment. The rest were acquitted.

No. 1503.—Seizure at Hong-Kong on December 14th, 1934, of Prepared Opium purchased in Macao and intended for Australia.

1. 10051/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, March 7th, 1935. 3(a). Prepared opium : 128 kg. 84 grs. (3,390 taels). 5. Person implicated : A Chinese. 7. The opium was in 678 tins of 5 taels each. 554 of these tins were marked “ Lam Kee ” (in Chinese characters) and chopped " Chicken ” and “ K ” and 124 tins were marked “ Lam Kee ” (in Chinese characters) and chopped “ Elephant ” and “ K ”, and, in addition, some bore a red label with an elephant design on it. The opinion of the Assistant Superintendent of Imports and Exports at Hong-Kong is that the opium had been prepared from Iranian opium. • 8 . The Chinese arrested stated that he purchased the opium in Macao and that he had brought it over to Hong-Kong in a junk, with the intention of shipping it to Australia. He started the opium business with 500 dollars, buying from the Government Opium Monopoly at Macao. He made several purchases from the same source till finally, by trading, he had amassed a capital of 10,000 dollars. He went to Macao a few days before the seizure, and purchased 598 5-tael tins of “ Cock ” brand for 10,375 dollars, and brought it to Hong-Kong from Macao in an unlicensed fishing-boat. At the Macao Government Opium Factory, he interviewed one man in uniform, name unknown, and one man in civilian clothing called Ah Wong. All the opium purchased by him went to Sydney and was repurchased from him by firemen and sailors of various Australian lines ships. 9. The accused was sentenced to a fine of 5,000 Hong-Kong dollars (5,930 Swiss francs) or twelve months’ hard labour. — 21 —

flo. 1504.—Seizures in Hong-Kong during December 1934. 1. 10051/388. 2 . Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, March 7th, 1935. 3(a). Prepared opium : 9 kg. 672 grs. (256 taels). The report includes only seizures of more than 30 taels (755 grammes) of prepared opium ; Raw opium : 1 kg. 322 grs. (35 taels) ; Dross : 378 grammes (10 taels) ; Paraphernalia for smoking opium. 5 , Persons implicated : Two Chinese. 7. 6 kg. 234 grs. were of Wuchow origin and bore various labels, such as the “ Eagle ”, “ Tai Fuk ”, and “ Chicken & Cash ” labels. The rest was locally prepared and bore no labels. 8 . There were two cases, and two Chinese were arrested. In one case, the defendant was proceeding to Yaumati from a river-steamer and, in the second case, the opium was found in a house in the main street of Cheung Chau village. The house appeared to be a boiling depot and an opium-divan. Forty persons were found on the premises and 25 opium-pipes and 17 lamps were seized. 9. One Chinese was sentenced to a fine of 4,000 Hong-Kong dollars (4,744 Swiss francs) or six months’ imprisonment, and the other to a fine of 6,640 Hong-Kong dollars (7,875 Swiss francs) or twelve months’ imprisonment.

No. 1505.—Seizures in Penang during October 1934. 1. 15391/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 14th, 1935. 3(a). Prepared opium : 270 grammes (7.16 taels) ; Raw opium : 94 grammes (2.50 taels) ; Dross : 5 grammes (0.14 tael). 9. There was one conviction and the accused was sentenced to seven days rigorous imprisonment without the option of a fine.

No. 1506.—Seizures at Singapore in October 1934. 1. 15391/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 14th, 1935. 3(a). Prepared opium : 17 kg. 889 grs. (473.48 taels) ; Raw opium : 14 kg. 720 grs. (389.60 taels) ; Dross :968 grammes (25.62 taels). 7. 9 kg. 495 grs. of prepared opium bore the “ Red Lion ” label. The place of origin is believed to be Macao. 7 kg. 217 grs. came from China. 9 kg. 484 grs. of raw opium came from China and 4 kg. 761 grs. from Iran. 9. There were forty-two convictions, and sentences ranged from one day’s simple imprison ment, in addition to fines, to five months’ rigorous imprisonment with a fine of 700 dollars (1,394 Swiss francs) or a further eight months’ imprisonment.

No. 1507.—Seizures in Singapore in November 1934. 1. 15391/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, February 7th, 1935. 3(a). Prepared opium : 55 kg. 455 grs. (1,467.72 taels) ; Dross : 283 grammes (7.48 taels). 4. 32 kg. 682 grs. of prepared opium came from Macao and 21 kg. 584 grs. from China. 7. 48 kg. 362 grs: of prepared opium bore the “ Red Lion ” mark. 8 . There were eleven cases and nine persons were arrested. 9. Sentences ranged from one day’s simple imprisonment and a fine of 800 local dollars (1,594 Swiss francs) or eleven months’ rigorous imprisonment to one year’s rigorous imprisonment and a fine of 15,000 local dollars (29,880 Sw'iss francs) or a further year’s rigorous imprisonment.

No. 1508.—Seizures at Singapore in December 1934. 1. 15391/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, March 19th, 1935. 3(a). Prepared opium : 16 kg. .398 grs. (434 taels). 7. 16 kg. 209 grs. bore the “ Red Lion ” mark and came from Macao. 8 . There were three cases and three arrests in connection with the seizure of 10 taels or over of prepared opium. The number of cases involving the seizure of less than this amount is not given. There were two cases involving the seizure of dross, and two arrests. — 22

9. In the prepared opium cases of 10 taels or over, the accused wore sentenced to threo months’ rigorous imprisonment and a fine of 500 local dollars (996 Swiss francs! or five months’ further rigorous imprisonment, to five months’ rigorous imprison ment and a fine of 300 local dollars (598 Swiss francs), or a further fourteen weeks' rigorous imprisonment, and to one year’s rigorous imprisonment and a fine of 10,000 local dollars (19,920 Swiss francs), or a further ten months’ rigorous imprisonment. In the cases involving seizures of under 10 taels, sentences of simple imprisonment for one day in addition to a fine were inflicted. The two persons implicated in the seizures of dross were each sentenced to one day’s simple imprisonment and the fines imposed totalled 100 local dollars (199 Swiss francs).

No. 1509.—Seizures at Vancouver in February and September 1934. S trand Case.

1. 1873/388. 2. Canadian Advisory Officer, Geneva, February 8th, 1935. 3(a). Prepared opium : 342 grammes (12 oz. 17 grains) ; Morphine : 0.845 gramme (13 grains) ; Cocaine : 0.260 gramme (4 grains) ; Paraphernalia for smoking. 5. Persons implicated : Mr. and Mrs. Jack Strand, Vancouver ; Dan Dodd or Dowd, Seattle, trainman on the Great Northern Railway, running between Vancouver and Seattle. 8. Information was obtained in February that Jack Strand was peddling in opium, and his suite in a small hotel was raided. Before entrance could be effected, however, Strand threw jars of opium, envelopes of cocaine, a small quantity of dross and other articles clearly indicating narcotic peddling, out of the window. Various incriminating articles were found in the rooms themselves, and Strand was arrested. In September it was ascertained that Mrs. Strand was also peddling and that she was connected with certain persons in the United States of America in that respect. It became known that she was to proceed to Everett, in the United States, by car, and arrangements were made to have her and the car searched at the frontier. A small quantity of opium was found on her, and while being searched she tore up some papers which when pieced together proved to be a receipt for a money-order in favour of Dodd and the name of a Chinese resident at Vancouver. Dodd had already been under suspicion of narcotic peddling in July, but it had proved impossible to make a case. On the day Mrs. Strand was arrested, it was found that Dodd was timed to leave Vancouver at 5 p.m. He was followed to the station and searched there. The morphine seized and 227 grammes of opium were found in his possession. He stated that Mrs. Strand had handed him the bag in which the drugs were concealcd at about 4 o’clock that same day, asking him to take the packet to Everett. 9. Jack Strand was sentenced to nine months’ imprisonment and a fine of $300 or an additional three months in default. Mrs. Strand was sentenced on a charge of illegal possession to the same sentence and has, together with Dodd, been committed for trial at the Assizes on a charge of “ giving ” narcotics. The car used by Mrs. Strand was confiscated.

No. 1510.—Seizure on December 6 th, 1934, at Vancouver, ex the s.s. “ Empress of Jap an ”.

1. 1873/388. 2. Canadian Advisory Officer, Geneva, February 8th, 1935. 3(a). Prepared opium : 6 kg. 816 grs. (240 oz.). 5. Persons implicated : Two Chinese members of the crew of the s.s. Empress of Japan and three Chinese living in Vancouver. 7. The opium bore the “ Lao Fook Kee, Macao ” labels, photographs of which are in the archives of the Secretariat. 8. In October 1934, one of the Chinese living in Vancouver approached a Customs officer and offered him $10 a tin to smuggle opium off the vessel then in port. The officer, under instructions, agreed to the proposal, but, ow-ing to various re a so n s, the opium could not be landed on that journey, and the Empress of Japan left. She returned in December, and this time the deal was effected, the Customs officer leaving a marked bag on board the vessel and returning later to fetch it, the opium having meanwhile been placed inside by the two members of the crew; Upon this bag being taken ashore, it was searched and found to contain the opium seized, after which the Customs officer proceeded to the rendezvous arranged between him and the Chinese in Vancouver. At the moment of handing over the opium to a Chinese truck-driver, the bag was seized and the Chinese arrested. The other two Chinese and the two members of the crew were all subsequently arrested. 9. The case is pending. — 23 —

No. 1511.—Seizures at Canton, October and November 1934. 1. 2030/387(6). 2. Chinese Maritime Customs, through Mr. L. A. Lyall, Assessor to the Advisory Committee, February 1935. 3fa;. Dross : 800 grammes. 4. By two British steamers coming from Hong-Kong. 5. The accused were two Chinese passengers. 7. There were no labels. 8. 500 grammes were concealed in bars of soap which had been hollowed out. 300 grammes were concealed in luggage. There were two cases.

No. 1512.—Seizure at Apia, Western Samoa, December 19th, 1934. 1. 16770/387. 2. Government of New Zealand, February 25th, 1935. 3(a). Prepared opium : 12 kg. 997 grs. (344 taels) ; Two used opium-smoking pipes. 4. By the s.s. Apoey (chartered by Messrs. Gibb, Livingston & Co., Hong-Kong, Agents for Samoa Administration), arriving on September 8th, 1931, from Hong-Kong. 7. The opium was in 344 1-tael tins bearing the following marks : (1) Embossed Elephant (in Chinese) Guaranteed pure. Beware of imitations—Lam Kay ; (2) Embossed Awakened Lion (in Chinese) Hung Lee (in English) Henry & Co. ; (3) (In Chinese) Shap. Tick. Seller or Agent, Tung Wan—Maker. - 8. On the arrival of the vessel in September 1931, the Customs officers found among some miscellaneous baggage brought ashore two new steel safes of a cheap type, of Chinese make and locked ; also two folding beds and other articles. No claimants could be found for these goods and, as this was unusual baggage for coolies to bring to Samoa, it was treated as suspicious. The linen Chinese tags on the articles were examined, but the persons whose names were inscribed thereon could not be identified among the incoming coolies. The goods were removed to the Customs House. On Sep tember 21st, coolies came and took delivery of most of the articles, including one of the safes, which, before delivery, was unlocked and found to be empty. On the same night, confidential information was received that a large amount of opium had been got through Customs via this baggage. One of the folding beds still remained in the Customs and this was examined. The main bed frames were found to have been bored and were then empty. Attempts were made to discover the whereabouts of the baggage and the safe which had already been delivered, but these were not successful. As the second safe remained unclaimed, it was examined and found to be empty. On December 19th, 1934, confidential information was received that the consignment of opium referred to in the previous confidential message was concealed in the lining of this steel safe. The safe was then re-examined and, on drilling the walls of the safe, liquid opium ran from the drilled holes. The two pipes were also found in the walls of the safe. Investigations were continued, and the following information obtained which the report states the authorities are unable to verify : Previous to the departure of the Apoey from Hong-Kong in 1931, some Chinese coolies arranged with a third party (as yet unknown) to bring opium to Samoa concealed in safes. The owners of the safe which was unclaimed were a Chinese who returned to China in 1932 and a stowaway on board the Apoey in 1931, who was not allowed to land. The Chinese who did land was afraid to claim the safe without his con federate. The safe that was delivered was safely landed in Samoa and the opium contained in it disposed of.

No. 1513.—Seizures in Macao during September, October and November 1934. 1. 529/388. 2. Portuguese Government, February 4th, 1935. 3to. Prepared opium : 1 kg. 462 grs. (38.7 taels). 5. The accused were all of Chinese nationality. 8. There were eleven cases. 9. The fines ranged from 10 to 672 local dollars (13 to 853 Swiss francs). They were all paid with the exception of the fine of 672 dollars. In this case, the two accused were sent to the Tribunal.

No. 1514.—Seizures in Macao in December 1934. 1. 529/388. 2. Portuguese Government, February 21st, 1935. Prepared opium :385 grammes (10.2 taels). — 24 —

5. The accused persons were all Chinese. 8. There were six cases. Four concerned the possession of opium not manufactured by the Government, one the possession of 4 taels of dross and one the running of an opium-smoking den without a licence. 9. Fines ranged from 10 to 170 Macao dollars (12 to 216 Swiss francs). They were all paid with the exception of one fine of 60 dollars (76 Swiss francs) ; in this case, the accused was brought before the court.

No. 1515.—Seizures in Siam during the Third Quarter 1934.

1. 951/388(2). 2. Siamese Government, March 7th, 1935. 3(a). Port Seizures : Internal Seizures : Prepared opium : 39 kg. 252 grs. (1,046 625 kg. 890 grs. (16,690 tamlungs 41 tamlungs 71 boons) ; boons) ; Dross : 3 kg. 783 grs. (100 tamlungs 89 15 kg. 471 grs. (412 tamlungs 57 boons) ; boons) ; Raw opium : 1 kg. 54 grs. (28 tamlungs 60 kg. 336 grs. (1,608 tamlungs 97 boons). 10 boons). 4. 37 kg. 339 grs. of prepared opium were 249 grammes of prepared opium came found on the s.s. Mabella, coming from the British Shan States and from Singapore. 84 grammes of prepared opium from Indo-China. 7. 37 kg. 339 grs. of prepared opium bore the “ Lion on Globe ” mark. 9. There were 26 cases. The maximum There were 2,739 cases. The terms of term of imprisonment was three imprisonment ranged from 15 days to months and the maximum fine two years and the fines from 554 to 660 ticals (1,038 Swiss francs). 71,496 ticals (871 to 112,392 Swiss There was no arrest in connection francs). with the opium found on board the Mabella.

No. 1516.—Seizure at Newark, New Jersey, November 19th, 1934. 1. O.G.S.226. 1281/388(63). No. 347. 2. Government of the United States of America, January 28th, 1935. 3(a). Prepared opium : 552 grammes (19 oz. 192 grains) ; Cocaine : 45 grammes (1 oz. 255 grains) ; Dross : 917 grammes (32 oz. 125 grains). 5. Persons implicated : Lillian Brown ; Paul Neubert, alias Johnson ; Anthony Carinelli ; Mrs. Louise Gillmann and Edward Gillmann. 7. The cocaine was labelled “ TUBES STÉRILISÉS pour injections hypodermiques 237 cocaine (Chlorhydrate) 0 gr. 02 par cent, cube LABORATOIRES CLIN COMAR & CIE PHCIENS 20, R. des Fossés St. Jacques, Paris, France ” and “ 237 cocaine (Chlorhydrate) 0 gr. 02 par cent, cube ” on each end and on une side of the container. On the bottom of the container appears “ Bande de Fermeture Ampoules Régistrado en la Secretaria de Sanidad con el N° 14175 ”. The wrapper, which contained ten cartons of cocaine, is of manila sticker type and reads in full as follows : “ Drogueria Harrera S.A. Habana 112 Habana, Cuba. Para sus Gatarros Licor Balsamico Brea Vegetal Gonzalez AI Recibir Este Paquete Compruebe Que Este Sello Este Intacto ”. Copies of this label are not now available, but photographs of the others are in the archives of the Secretariat. 8. The drugs were found concealed in a trunk and in the kitchen of a house which was being searched. Lillian Brown is a drug-addict and Carinelli is facing trial on a separate drug charge. 9. The defendants were arrested and released on bond awaiting trial.

No. 1517.—Seizure at Seattle, Washington, February 23rd, 1935. 1. 1281/388(80). No. 364. 2. Government of the United Statès of America. March 23rd, 1935. 3(a). Prepared opium : 35 kg. 784 grs. (1,260 oz.). 4. By the s.s. Tantalus (Blue Funnel Line—British), coming from Hong-Kong and Japanese ports. - 5. Persons implicated : Backus Spiros ; Robert Miller ; and four Chinese members of the crew. 7. There were 200 5-tael tins seized. Each tin bore the “ Yick Kee ” and “ Lion on Globe ” marks. — 25 —

8. The opium was seized after an attempt had been made to smuggle it ashore by lowering it from a porthole in the stern of the vessel to a waiting rowboat manned by Spiros and Miller, the whole proceeding having been observed by Customs officers who were in rowboats astern of the vessel. 9. The defendants were all arrested and are being held for prosecution.

No. 1518.—Seizure at Honolulu, December 9th, 1934. 1. 1281/388(68). No. 352. 2. Government of the United States of America, January 28th, 1935. 3(a). Prepared opium : 189 grammes (5 taels). 5. Persons implicated : Two Chinese. 7. The opium bore the marks “ Lam Kee Macao ” and “ Cock and Elephant ” , together with Chinese characters. 8. The opium was found on searching the premises occupied by one of the Chinese, who was already on probation in connection with another narcotic seizure. 9. Both accused were held in default of bail awaiting trial.

No. 1519.—Seizure at Honolulu, February 2nd, 1935. 1. 1281/388(77). No. 361. 2. Government of the United States of America, March 11th, 1935. 3(a). Prepared opium : 29 kg. 706 grs. (1,046 oz.). 4. By the President Taft (Dollar Steamship Lines, American), coming from Hong-Kong via Shanghai, Kobe and Yokohama. 5. The accused person was a Chinese. 7. There were no identifying marks or labels. 8. The opium was found concealed in the false sides andbottoms of three woodenchests belonging to the accused Chinese, a passenger on the vessel. He is being held for prosecution.

No. 1520.—Seizure at Honolulu, February 7th, 1935.

1.- 1281/388(78). No. 362. 2. Government of the United States of America, March 15th, 1935. 3(a). Prepared opium : 1 kg. 704 grs. (60 oz.). 5. Person implicated : A Corean. 7. There were no identifying marks or labels. 8.The accused was arrested following the sale of one tin containing 189 grammes of opium to Federal agents. Eight additional tins were subsequently found on the premises occupied by the accused, who stated that he had obtained the opium in 1933 when he visited Corea and that he brought it back to Honolulu. Investigations are being made as to the manner in which the opium was smuggled into Honolulu. 9. The accused is being held for prosecution.

No. 1521.—Seizure at Manila, P.I., N ovem ber 16th, 1934. 1. 1281/388(62). No. 346. 2. Government of the United States of America, January 11th, 1935. 3(a). Prepared opium : 18 kg. 962 grs. 4. On the s.s. President Lincoln (Dollar Steamship Co., American), coming from Hong-Kong via Havana, Canal Zone, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Honolulu, Yokohama, Kobe and Shanghai. 7. The opium bore the “ Lion ” mark. It was in a trunk labelled " Mr. CarlKess—SS President Hoover, Manila—MrsEmilie Hess, Manila, SS President Lincoln, Cabin III ”. 8. The opium was discovered in the trunk after it had been removed from the vessel and taken to the baggage-room. The owner could not be identified.

No. 1522.—Seizure at Talisay, Negres Occidental, P.I., A u gu st 11th, 1934.

1. 1281/388(69). No. 353. 2. Government of the United States of America, January 28th, 1935. 3(a). Prepared opium : 1 kg. 600 grs. 5. Person implicated : A Chinese. 7. The opium bore the “ Tonggee ” mark. — 26 —

8. It was seized from the accused in an automobile. 9. The accused was arrested. Note.—Seizures of prepared opium were also made in connection with the following cases, which included seizures of other drugs and which have been summarised under corresponding headings : Cases Nos. 1478 and 1480, under “ Raw opium ”, Case No. 1534, under “ Morphine ”.

Q u a n t it ie s of P r e p a r e d O p iu m a n d D r o ss s e iz e d a s r e p o r t e d to t h e S e c r e t a r ia t • Prepared opium : Dross : 1934 1935 1934 1,417 kg. 444 grs. 67 kg. 194 grs. 22 kg. 605 grs.

3. MORPHINE.

No. 1523.—Seizure at Shanghai Post Office on March 16th, 1933. 1. 9376/7566. 2. Chinese Government in its annual report for 1933, February 22nd, 1935. 3(a). Morphine : 4 kg. 262 grs. (112.8 taels). 5. Persons implicated : Yee Sang Heng, Shanghai.1 7. The morphine was w'rapped in paper parcels containing cocoons. It bore no labels or marks to denote the origin. It was confiscated and destroyed.

No. 1524.—Seizure at Shanghai Post Office, March20th, 1933. 1. 9376/7566. 2. The Chinese Government in its annual report for 1933, February 22nd, 1935. 3(a). Morphine : 6 kg. 892 grs. (182.4 taels). 5. Person implicated : Yee Sang Heng, Shanghai.* 7. The morphine was packed in tins, together with medicines. There were no labels to indicate the origin. It was confiscated and destroyed.

No. 1525.—Seizures in Siam during the Fourth Quarter, 1934. 1. 13229/388. 2. Siamese Government, March 7th, 1935. 3(a). Morphine hydrochloride : 3 kg. 22 grs. 5. With the exception of five Siamese, the accused were all of Chinese nationality. 7. There were no marks or labels. 8. There were sixty-six cases. Of the morphine seized, 168 grammes were confiscated and destroyed. The rest, amounting to 2 kg. 854 grs., was kept for purifying. 9. Fines ranged from 0.39 tical (0.61 Swiss franc) to 2,642.88 ticals (4,154 Swiss francs). In one case, the two Siamese concerned were each sentenced to four months’ imprisonment.

No. 1526.—Seizure at Billings, Montana, U.S.A., on November 30th, 1934. 1. 1281/388(67). No. 351. 2. Government of the United States of America, January 28th, 1935. 3(a). Morphine : 426 grammes (15 oz.) ; Cocaine : 284 grammes (10 oz.). 5. Persons implicated : Two Chinese. 7. There were no marks or labels. 8. The defendants were found in possession of the drugs. 9. They were both held in default of bond for prosecution.

No. 1527.—Seizure at Brownwood, Texas, on January 18th, 1935. 1. 1281/388(75). No. 359. 2. Government of the United States of America, March 11th, 1935. 3(a). Morphine : 297 grammes (10 oz. 195 grains). 5. Persons implicated : Jack Baldwin and Frank E. Dice.

1 See following case in this document. * See previous case in this document. — 27 -

7. There were no identifying marks or labels. 8 . The accused were arrested and the morphine found in their possession. 9 They were both held in default of bond awaiting trial.

No. 1528.—Seizure at Los Angeles, California, January 2nd, 1935. 1. 1281/388(74). Nos. 358 and 3 5 8 ^ . 2 . Government of the United States of America, February 23rd and March 23rd, 1935. 3f0;. Morphine hydrochloride : 157 grammes (5.52 oz.). 5 . Persons implicated : Fred Stein, Harold Barshup, Max Stillman. 7. There were no identifying marks or labels. 8. The defendants were arrested after having sold the morphine to Federal agents. 9 . They were held in default of bail awaiting trial.

No. 1529.—Seizure at New York, November 9th, 1934. 1. 1281/388(65). No. 349. 2.Government of the United States of America, January 28th and February 23rd, 1935. 3(a). Morphine tablets : 306 grammes (4,700grains) ; Cocaine tablets : 4 grammes (60 grains). 5 . Persons implicated : John Olympe and Peter Goumas, Greeks ; John Sheehan and Fred Dickieson, Americans. 7. The drugs bore the label of H. K. Mulford Co., Philadelphia. 8. They were purchased from the defendants, who were then arrested and admitted having stolen them from the United States Army Warehouse at Brooklyn, New York. This was verified. 9. Olympe and Goumas were each sentenced to imprisonment for one year and a day ; Sheehan and Dickieson each to imprisonment for six months.

No. 1530.—Seizure at New York, January 5th, 1935. 1. 1281/388(72). No. 356. 2. Government of the United States of America, February 23rd. 1935. 3w. Morphine : 280 grammes (9 oz. 380 grains). 4. By the s.s. Rex (Owners : Cosulich—Lloyd Sabando—Navigazione Generate,Italian), coming from Genoa via Nice. 5. Persons implicated : Silvie Glatz ; Gabriel Lo Buono, both Italians. 7. There were no distinguishing marks or labels. 8. After preliminary arrangements had been made with Glatz to bring over a quantity of morphine on the s.s. Rex, he delivered the above morphine to Federal agents for $670, stating that the morphine had been purchased on “ the other side ” by his cousin, and brought over to America on the Rex by a head waiter of that vessel, who in turn delivered the drugs to Lo Buono, acting for Glatz. Glatz further stated that his cousin in Europe was prepared to make other narcotic shipments in the same manner and that he (Glatz) also had a brother employed on the Rex. Investigations are being continued. 9. Glatz was immediately arrested and the purchase money recovered. Lo Buono surrendered later to the police. Both he and Glatz were held in default of bond awaiting trial.

No. 1531.—S eizu re at N ew York on F ebruary 8 th, 1935. 1. 1281/388(82). No. 366. 2. Government of the United States of America, March 23rd, 1935. 3fa;. Morphine hydrochloride and heroin mixed : 2 kg. 727 grs. (6 lb.). 5. Person implicated : Carmelo Rizzo. 7. The drugs were found in a corrugated pasteboard box in a wooden packing-box. The 590 inscription “ Made in Czechoslovakia ” was on the pasteboard box. It is thought that this box was not the original container in which the narcotics were smuggled into the United States, but was merely used by the defendant prior to packing the drugs for distribution. 8. The drugs were found by the New York police in the basement of the premises occupied by the defendant, who was arrested.

No. 1532.—Seizure at Oakland, California, December 22nd, 1934. 1. 1281/388(70). No. 354. 2. Government of the United States of America, January 28th, 1935. Morphine : 170 grammes (6 oz.). — 28 —

5. Persons implicated : One Chinese and an American citizen of Chinese extraction. 7. There were no identifying marks or labels. 8. The defendants were arrested after they had sold the morphine to Federal officers. 9. They were both held in default of bond awaiting trial.

No. 1533.—Seizure at San Francisco, November 10th, 1934.

1. 1281/388(64). No. 348. 2. Government of the United States of America, January 28th, 1935. 3(a). Morphine : 909 grammes (2 lb.). 4. By the Talsura Maru (Nippon Yusen Kaisha—Japanese), coming from Hong-Kong. 5. Persons implicated : Three Chinese living in San Francisco, one being a well-known drug dealer and one not yet arrested ; Katsumi Nagai, a Japanese member of the crew, and two Chinese members of the crew ; and three Chinese in Canton. 7. There were no marks or labels. An envelope bearing the address of " Yee Chong Com pany, 124, Fifth Avenue South, Seattle, Washington ” was found on the Chinese dealer. 8. Contact was made by an agent of the Customs with the Chinese drug dealer of San Francisco to obtain a quantity of narcotics to be brought from the Far East. The agent boarded the vessel on its arrival and got into touch with a Chinese elevator boy, who assisted him in smuggling the drug ashore. On leaving the vessel he was m et by the dealer and another Chinese, both of whom were immediately arrested. When the Chinese elevator boy was arrested, he implicated another Chinese member of the crew. Both admitted having made previous arrangements with the Chinese dealer for the smuggling of the seized morphine which had been brought aboard the vessel at Hong-Kong by the elevator boy and given to the other Chinese member of the crew to keep. Customs officials then took Katsumi Nagai into custody, who confessed that he had removed from the Talsura Maru, when this vessel visited San Francisco some two months previously, 4 lb. (1 kg. 818 grs.) of morphine, which he had delivered to William Kadota.1 9. The case is pending.

No. 1534.—Seizure at San Francisco, December 20th, 1934.

1. 1281/388(81). No. 365. 2. Government of the United States of America, March 23rd, 1935. 3 m . Morphine : 426 grammes (15 oz.) ; Prepared opium : 213 grammes [1\ oz.). 5. Person implicated : Parkin H. Lowe, Chinese. 7. There were no marks or labels. 8. The drugs were found in the possession of Lowe, who was arrested. Several cheques written by Lowe and endorsed by a certain George Kikujawa, residing at 1,610 Geary Street, the same address where William Kadota * was arrested, were also seized. These cheques, to the amount of $200, were dated previous to the arrest of Kadota. It was the opinion of the arresting officers that this transaction definitely linked Lowe and Kadota and clearly indicated that Lowe was purchasing narcotics from Kadota. Lowe was alleged to have been associated with one Joe Shoong, reported as the backer of the largest drug syndicate operating on the Pacific Coast. Lowe was also thought to be a member of a group of narcotic traffickers operating directly out of “ Manchukuo ”. 9. Lowe was held for prosecution.

No. 1535.—Seizure at San de Fuca, Whidby Island, Washington, January 24th, 1935.

1. 1281/388(73). Nos. 357 and 357(a). 2. Government of the United States of America, February 23rd and March 23rd, 1935. 3(a). Morphine hydrochloride : 4 kg. 487 grs. (158 oz.). 7. There were no identifying marks or labels. 8. Found by a resident of San de Fuca on the beach. The morphine was in two tins in g canvas sack. It had evidently been thrown overboard from a steamer arrivina from the Far East and bound for some Puget Sound port.*

See document O.C.294 fvj, Page 29, No. 1408, and following case in this document. • See document O.C.294(v), page 29, No. 1408, and previous case in this document. • In this connection, see Case No. 1537 of this document. — 29 —

No. 1536.—Seizure at Seattle, Washington, on December 8 th, 1934, ex the s.s. “ President Jackson

1. 1281/388(61). No. 345. o Government of the United States of America, January 7th, 1935. 3(a). Morphine hydrochloride : 11 kg. 283 grs. (397.3 oz.). 4 . By the s.s. President Jackson (American Mail Line), coming from Hong-Kong, Kobe, Nagoya, Shimidzu and Yokohama. 7. There were no distinguishing marks or labels. 8. The morphine was found on board the vessel in five tins, sealed with adhesive tape, which were in turn wrapped in blue cotton mattress covers and concealed in a double wall in one of the staterooms. It was not possible to discover the owner of the drugs.

No. 1537.—Seizure at Whidby Island, Seattle, Washington, January 3rd, 1935. 1. 1281/388(71). Nos. 355 and 355(a). 2. Government of the United States of America, February 1st and March 23rd, 1935. 3fa). Morphine hydrochloride : 4 kg. 260 grs. (150 oz.) ; Cocaine : 341 grammes (12 oz.). 7. There were no identifying marks or labels. 8. The drugs were found on the beach at Whidby Island and had evidently been thrown overboard from a steamship arriving from the Far East.1 They were confiscated. Note.—Seizures of morphine were also made in connection with the following cases, which included seizures of other drugs and which have been summarised under corresponding headings : Cases Nos. 1457, 1459, 1461 and 1470, under Part 11 A. Case No. 1509, under “ Prepared Opium ”. Case No. 1563, under " Cocaine ”.

Q u a n t i t i e s o f M o r p h i n e s e i z e d a s r e p o r t e d t o t h e S e c r e t a r i a t : 1933 1934 1935 11 kg. 154 grs. 22 kg. 275 grs. 12 kg. 613 grs.

4. HEROIN.

No. 1538.—Illicit Traffic in Heroin by Hermann Blauaug, Simon Lamm, Hersch Klempfner and Others, 1928 to 1934. 1. 12424/387. 2. The representative of Austria on the Advisory Committee, February 13th, 1935. 8. In November 1934, Hermann Blauaug, Simon Lamm and Hersch Klempfner were arrested in Vienna on a charge of illicit traffic in heroin. The following is a summary of the report made by the Federal Police of Vienna in handing over the prisoners to the Provincial Court prison : In 1928, Gabriel Munk,* a fur-dealer living at Vienna, together with Ludwig Auer,* a chemist, since deceased, despatched about 120 kg. of heroin to the United States. Auer obtained the drugs from Joseph Raskin,* of Paris, who had presumably procured them from Roesler & Co.* of Mulhouse, with which firm he was connected. The transport of the drugs to the United States was entrusted to Carlos Fernandes Bacula,1 the then Peruvian Consul in Vienna, who sent them to New York in diplo matic luggage by the s.s. Ile de France, against payment of £750. Hermann Blauaug,2 who was also interested in this affair, sent Wilhelm Kofler 8 as his agent to the United States. Kofler there met Munk, who was also awaiting Bacula’s arrival with the goods. On his arrival, Bacula delivered a trunk alleged to contain 50 kg. of heroin to Kofler, who passed them on to Sam Bernstein * (see document O.C.294(p), page 28). Bernstein stated on the next day that a police commission had taken the goods from him. Munk apparently did not receive any of the consignment, but was given a considerable sum of money by Bernstein and returned to Vienna. On August 16th, 1928, Kofler was found dead in his hotel in New York.

1 In this connection, see Case No. 1535 of this document. 1 Previous mention has been made of these persons in the following documents : Gabriel Munk : O.C.294 W , page 21, No. 59. Ludwig Auer : O.C.294(c), pages 102 and 103 ; O.C.294 fd;, pages 32 and 33 ; O.C.294 page 21, and O.C.294W, page 4, No. 59; O.C.294 fpA page 28, No. 901. Joseph Raskin : O.C.294 f/j, pages 52 and 53; 0.0.294(9,), page 4, No. 6 ; O.C.294f'g>, page 21, No. 59 ; O.C.294(pJ, page 7, No. 832 ; O.C.294 fp>, page 24, No. 901 ; 0.C .2 9 4 W , page 4, No. 1226. Louis Roesler : O.C.SKf4(c), pages 56 and 57 ; O.C.294(f), pages 52 and 53 ; O.C.294 (f), pages 6 and 7 ; O.C.294 ff), pages 22 and 23 ; O.C.294W, page 21, No. 59 ; O.C.294(p), page 24, No. 901. Carlos Bacula : O.C.294fpj, page 24, No. 901 ; O.C.294 fuA page 4, No. 1226. Hermann Blauaug : O.C.294fff.), page 21, No. 59 ; O.C.294 (u), page 9, No. 1226. Wilhelm Kofler : O.C.294page 21, No. 59 ; O.C.294fp), page 24, No. 901. Sam Bernstein : O.C.294(g), page 39, No. I ll ; O.C.294(p>, page 24, No. 901 ; O.C.294W, page 20, No. 1044. — 30 —

In April 1930, Josuah Friedmann and two of his accomplices were arrested in E»ypt for smuggling drugs from Vienna to Egypt (see document O.C.294(g), page" 21 No. 59). Hermann Blauaug, Simon Lamm,1 Trajan Schor1 and others were reported to be his Vienna accomplices, and it is strongly suspected that Blauaug and Lamm were the main participants. Friedmann’s wife, who is at present living in Vienna, states that Blauaug received money to finance the purchase of heroin partly from her husband, and that he still possessed money from this transaction but refused to deliver it to her or to make up accounts with her. In January 1933, Hersch Klempfner and his wife Ruchel (or Rosalia) Klempfner were arrested on the grounds that Hersch Klempfner had sent heroin to the United States packed in Jewish prayer-books (see documents O.C.294^, page 17, and O.C.294^, page 4. No. 960). Munk now states that the goods which disappeared in the United States in 1928 had come back to Vienna, presumably again through the intermediary of Bacula ; that the goods sent by Klempfner in the Jewish prayer-books were his property and that Lamm and Blauaug had re-sold his goods in the United States. In order to prove this statement, Munk gave it to be understood that there was an American in Vienna who wished to buy narcotic drugs. He then got into touch with Johann S trudl1 and introduced him to a certain Wilhelm Stern, a dentist, who had been initiated into his plans, and who pretended to be the American drug-smuggler, Sam Bernstein. Strudl got into touch with Klempfner and obtained a sample of heroin which was adulterated. Later, a second sample was produced. Klempfner expressed his readiness to procure a considerable quantity of heroin, but this trans action fell through, as Stern was unable to pay the sum demanded by Klempfner. Stern, however, managed to get into touch with Blauaug through the merchant Moritz Nagel, of Vienna, who obtained a sample of heroin from Blauaug together with a promise to deliver 50 kg. in three or four days. All three of these samples were handed to the Vienna Narcotics Department. In connection with the discovery of a clandestine factory at Gorna Djoumaya, Bulgaria (see documents O.C.294(u), page 9, and O.C.294(v), page 4, No. 1226), Blauaug denied that he knew either of the Anavi brothers or that he had had anything to do with thi s factory. He declared that his repeated vi sits to Bulgaria were for the purpose of undertaking, together with a certain Abraham Dager, of Sofia, whose precise address he could not give, the manufacture of artificial rosin. The Viennese police have established the fact that Isaak Anavi was in Vienna in the autumn of 1934. He arrived there on September 24th, 1934, and left soon after, without having given notice at his hotel, and shortly before Blauaug and the others were arrested. It was impossible to ascertain whether his departure was connected with the delivery promised to Nagel. The house searches of all the persons concerned in the case gave no results. All the accused at first denied any connection with drug smuggling, but after some time, with the exception of Blauaug, each one admitted some transactions with the others, which enabled the authorities to ascertain that Klempfner, Lamm and Blauaug were guilty of illicit traffic in drugs, and not only undertook to sell the 50 kg. of heroin but also gave several samples of that drug. It was impossible to discover the stock of drugs on account of the special precautions taken by the offenders. 9. Hermann Blauaug has been sentenced to 11 weeks’ imprisonment in the second degree (“ strenger Arrest ”) and a fine of 150 schillings or 15 days’ supplementary imprison ment. Hersch Klempfner was sentenced to 10 weeks’ imprisonment in the second degree and Simon Lamm to 11 weeks, also in the second degree.

No. 1539.—Seizures at Kiaochow, October 24th and November 17th, 1934.

1. 2030/387(14). 2. Chinese Maritime Customs, through Mr. L. A. Lyall, Assessor to the Advisory Com m ittee, February 1935. S(a). Heroin : 2 kg. 880 grs. 4. 680 grammes were seized on the Holen Maru (Japanese), coming from Dairen. 5. Persons implicated : One Japanese and two Chinese. 7. No labels were found in connection with the 680 grammes brought on the Hoten M ara from Dairen ; the rest had been falsely labelled as “ caffein-sodio Benzoate ”. 8. There were two cases. 680 grammes were found on the person of a Japanese as he was leaving the Hoten Maru ; he had just visited the vessel, only remaining on board about ten minutes. The rest of the heroin, 2 kg. 200 grs., was found in two postal parcels sent from Dairen by Yi Hsin Cheng and addressed to Fu Shan Co., Tsinan.

1 Previous mention has been made of these persons in the following documents : T rajan Schor : O.C.294/'g,l, page 21, No. 59. Simon Lamm : O.C.294fg;, page 21, No. 59. Johann Strudl : O.C.294 I'd;, page 111 ; O.C.294fi>, page 19, No. 315. — 31 —

No. 1540.—Seizure at Lungkow, November 13th, 1934.

1. 2030/387(17). 2 . Chinese Maritime Customs, through Mr. L. A. Lyall, Assessor on the Advisory Committee, February 1935. 3(a). Heroin : 100 grammes. 4 . On the Ryohei Maru, coming from Dairen. 7. There were no labels. 8 . The heroin was found concealed in the bedding in the passengers’ quarters.

No. 1541.—Seizure at Shanghai on July 10th, 1933, ex the Japanese “ Tientsin Maru 1. 9376/7566. 2 . Chinese Government in its annual report for 1933, February 22nd, 1935. 3 raj. Heroin hydrochloride : 2 kg. 720 grs. (72 taels). 8 . The heroin was found on board the vessel. It was confiscated and destroyed.

No. 1542.—Seizure at Tangku, China, July 27th, 1933, ex the Japanese “Ghohei Maru ”, co m in g from D airen. 1. 9376/7566. 2. Chinese Government in its annual report for 1933, February 22nd, 1935. 3(a). Heroin hydrochloride : 14 kg. 962 grs. (396 taels). 7. There were no labels or marks to show the origin of the drug. 8. The authorities noticed a sampan going alongside the vessel upon its arrival at Tangku. A few minutes later, the sampan left the ship with two gunny bags and landed them at the salt wharf under the escort of two armed coastguards. The bags were seized and found to contain the heroin, which was confiscated and destroyed. It was not possible to discover who was responsible for the import of the drug.

No. 1543.—Seizure at Alexandria, December 4th, 1934, ex the s.s. “ K yrkera ”, 1. 16892/387. 2. Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Cairo, February 28th. 1935. 3(a). Heroin : 252 grammes. 4. By the s.s. Kyrkera, coming from Greek and Mediterranean ports. 5. Person implicated : Mavridis Fannis, Greek waiter on board the vessel. 7. There were no marks or labels. 8. The accused was going towards the quay at Alexandria, but, being suspected by a secret agent, he was searched and the heroin found concealed between the inner and outer soles of his shoes. 9. Fannis was sentenced by the Greek Consular Court to ten months’ imprisonment and a fine of 200 drachmae (6 Swiss francs).

No. 1544.—Seizure at Cairo on December 17th, 1934. 1. 15654/387. 2. Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau. Cairo, January 1st, 1935. 3(a). Heroin : 167.40 grammes. 5. Persons implicated : Mihran Kaledjian, an Armenian, and two Egyptians. 7. The heroin was in two packets which bore a label of the skull and crossbones and the word " Poison ” and another label with the words “ 100 grs. Diacctylmorphin hydrochlor Ph. J. Ill A photograph of one of the packets is in the archives of the Secretariat. 8. The authorities, having learned that Kaledjian had heroin for disposal, made arrangements for an agent to get into touch with him. This agent succeeded in persuading a customer of Kaledjian to allow him to act as intermediary, and in this way the heroin was brought to the authorities instead of being given to the customer. Kaledjian had been previously convicted of drug trafficking. The heroin appeared to be of good quality. 9. The case is pending.

No. 1545.—Seizure at the Piraeus, August 3rd, 1934. 1. 7237/388. 2. Greek Government, December 28th, 1934. Heroin : 422 grammes. 5. Persons implicated : Ali Osman Rachid, Turk, for five years agent in the Turkish service for the prevention of smuggling ; Georges Polyviou Strantzalis ; Nicolas Christou Georgiadis. — 32

8 . Rachid had arrived by the s.s. Aeghéon with the heroin, which he handed over to his two accomplices for sale. 9. The defendants were each sentenced to four years’ imprisonment, to a fine of 450 drachmae (13 Swiss francs) and two months’ deportation (prohibition to leave a specified place of residence) after they had served their sentences.

No. 1546.—Seizure at New York, November 6th to 23rd, 1934.

1. 1281/388(79). No. 363. 2. Government of the United States of America, March 15th, 1935. 3(a). Heroin : 107 grammes (1,639 grains). 5 . Persons implicated : Laurence Fisher and Mrs. Mary Richardson, alias Elizabeth Douglas 7. 48 grammes bore the “ White Horse ” label and 22 grammes the “ N-O-V-A ” label.1 The markings on the N-O-V-A label resembled the spokes of a wheel with the letters appearing between the spokes. This label, like the * White Horse " label, is believed to be purely local in origin. The rest of the heroin seized bore no label. Photographs of the N-O-V-A label are in the archives of the Secretariat. 8 . The heroin was purchased from the defendants on various occasions by Federal agents. 9. The defendants are being held for prosecution.

No. 1547.—Principal Minor Heroin Seizures in the United States of America during November 1934. 1. 1281/388(46). 2. Government of the United States of America, February 7th, 1935. 3(a). Heroin : 4 kg. 12 grs. 4. In one case, the heroin was sent by post from New York. 7. In two cases, the heroin bore the “ White Horse ” labels. 8 . There were 112 cases. 9. Sentences were pronounced in two cases, terms of imprisonment of one, two and three years being imposed. 103 cases were pending at the time of makingthe report. In two cases, the defendants have not yet been arrested, and in another, the offender escaped. In one case, the offender was released owing to insufficient evidence, and another case was dismissed on condition that the offender undertook a cure for addic tion. Of the two remaining cases, in one the heroin was handed over by a widow of a former pharmacist and in the other it was surrendered by the State police from a case disposed of in a State court.

No. 1548.—Principal Minor Heroin Seizures in the United States of America during December 1934. L 1281/388(46). 2. Government of the United States of America, February 1935. 3(a). Heroin : 2 kg. 536 grs. (89 oz. 126.42 grains). 8 . There were 149 cases. In one case, the heroin was sent through the post. 9. 119 of these cases were pending at the time of making the report. Sentences were imposed in twelve cases : in nine, terms of imprisonment from 3 months to 10 years were inflicted, and in three, fines of $50 and costs, $200, and $206.50, or time in a House of Correction. The fine of $200 was not paid, so the accused was compelled to serve in a House of Correction at the rate of $1.50 per day. In two cases, the defendants attempted to smuggle the heroin into the House of Correction, where they were already serving sentences. One accused was released, in order that he might appear as a witness in another case ; one was already on probation in connection with another case ; one was sent to the State Hospital for treatment for addiction ; and one died.

No. 1549.—Principal Minor Seizures of Heroin in the United States of America during January 1935.

1. 1281/388(46). 2. Government of the United States of America, March 23rd, 1935. 3(a). Heroin : 1 kg. 572 grs. (55 oz. 161 grains). 7. In one case, 19 grammes of heroin were contained in a box bearing a picture of the “ Three Wise Men ” and the words “ Ali Baba ” . 2 In another case, 118 g ra m m e s of heroin were labelled “ Diacetylmorphinum hydrochloricum—One ounce Poison

1 See document O.C.294fU, page 17, No. 309. * See docum ent O.C.294 (n), page 15, No. 671. — 33

8 . There were 96 cases. In one case, 28 grammes of heroin were sent through the post. 9 , Sentences ranging from a fine of $100 to eighteen months’ imprisonment were pronounced in nine cases. In one case, the accused was acquitted. The proceedings were pending in 77 cases at the time of making the report, and in nine cases the offenders had not yet been apprehended.

No. 1550.—Illicit Sale of Heroin in a Pharmacy at Montevideo, December 27th, 1934.

1. 4324/388. 2. Government of Uruguay, February 3rd, 1935. 3(b). Heroin : 7.43 grammes. 5. Person implicated : Domingo Pugliese, owner of the pharmacy. 8 . The authorities learned that the above pharmacy had been delivering drugs, for about two years, without conforming to the regulations. An inspection of the pharmacy was ordered and during the search it was noticed that a customer, who had obtained a dose of heroin diluted in water, was trying to leave the pharmacy. This person was arrested and the books verified. It was found that 7.43 grammes of heroin was unaccounted for and the chemist, Pugliese, could not give any satisfactory explanation. He was therefore arrested and, together with the client, taken into custody. The director and co-proprietor of the pharmacy were also questioned, but were not arrested. The client was set at liberty, but Pugliese was put in solitary confinement at the Central Prison.

Note.—Seizures of heroin were also made in connection with the following cases, which included seizures of other drugs and which have been summarised under corresponding headings : Cases Nos. 1457, 1460, 1461,1463,1464,1466,1469,1470 and 1471, under Part IIA. Case No. 1531, under “ Morphine ”, Case No. 1568, under “ Indian Hemp ”.

Q u a n t it ie s o f H e r o in s e iz e d a s r e p o r t e d to t h e S e c r e t a r ia t :

1933 1934 1935 17 kg. 682 grs. 155 kg. 159 grs. 2 kg. 982 grs.

5. COCAINE.

No. 1551.—Seizure at Singapore on October 17th, 1934, ex the s.s. “ Kum Sang

1. 15751/387. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 11th, 1935. 3fa;. Cocaine hydrochloride : 1 kg. 397 grs. (49.2 oz.). 4. By the s.s. Kum Sang (Agents : Messrs. Boustead & Co., Singapore), coming from Osaka via Kobe, Hong-Kong, Singapore, Penang and Calcutta. 7. The cocaine was in two tins each having an outer covering of brown paper and bearing a gummed label with a heading in English, “ The Fujitsuru Brand ”, and showing flying stork and whitecapped mountain. The lid of each tin was held in position by a white gummed paper and also bore a gummed label similar to the outer covering. Samples and photographs of the tins and labels are in the archives of the Secretariat. 8. The cocaine was confiscated.

No. 1552.—Seizure at Shanghai on November 25th, 1933, ex the Japanese “ T sukuba M aru

1. 9376/7566. 2. Chinese Government in its annual report for 1933, February 22nd, 1935. 3fa;. Cocaine hydrochloride : 3 kg. 363 grs. (89 taels). 5. Persons implicated : Mrs. Yakura and Nakamura, two Japanese. 7. There were no labels or marks indicating the origin of the drug. 8. On searching the vessel on its arrival, Customs officers found the cocaine sewn up in clothes belonging to the two accused. I t was confiscated and destroyed. — 3 4 -

N o. 1553.— Illicit Traffic in Cocaine at Calcutta by Ho Thai, a Chinese Sailor on board th e s.s. “ K um S a n g ”, 1931 to 1934. 1. 16978/387. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, March 11th, 1935 3(a). Cocaine : 11 grammes (176 grains) and a quantity not specified. 8 . On May 27th, 1931, while going ashore, Ho Thai was searched and found to be in possession of a packet of cocaine. He threw away this package and struggled with the Customs officer, who, however, managed to secure him with 11 grammes of cocaine, therest being lost in the struggle. Ho Thai returned to Calcutta in August 1934 under the alias name of Ah Thai, but still a member of the crew of the same vessel, and repeated his offence. He was a persistent smuggler of cocaine, and it was therefore considered desirable that he should be deported. 9. In May 1931, Ho Thai was sentenced to one month’s rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs. 50 (65 Swiss francs), in default to undergo another month’s rigorous imprison ment. In August 1934, he was sentenced to three months’ rigorous imprisonment and deported on his release.

No. 1554.—Seizure at Calcutta, October 9th, 1934. 1. 15590/387. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 3rd, 1935. 3(a). Cocaine hydrochloride : 1 kg. 306 grs. (46 oz.). 4. By the Hamburg Maru (Agents : Messrs. Sena & Co.), coming from Nagoya, Osaka Kobe, Moji, Hong-Kong, Singapore, Belawan and Rangoon. 5. Person implicated : A Chinese storekeeper on board the vessel. 8 . Two tins containing the cocaine were purchased for 450 yen per tin at Hong-Kong from some persons, names unknown, who came from Formosa. 9. The accused was sentenced to two years’ rigorous imprisonment.

No. 1555.—Seizure at Calcutta on November 1st, 1934. 1. 15810/387. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 14th, 1935. 3(a). Cocaine hydrochloride : 3 kg. 82 grs. (6 lb. 12 oz. 222 grains). 5. Person implicated : An Indian hotel-keeper, Upper Circular Road, Calcutta. 7. There were no marks or labels. 8 . The cocaine was contained in four tin boxes, which had been concealed in a steel trunk. 9. The accused was sentenced to two years’ rigorous imprisonment.

No. 1556.—Seizure at Calcutta, January 25th, 1935. 1. 17145/387. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, March 21st, 1935. 3(a). Cocaine hydrochloride : 1 kg. 65 grs. (2 lb. 5 oz. 220 grains). 5. Person implicated : An unemployed Mohammedan. 7. There were no labels. 8 . The drug was found in two paper packets. 9. The accused was sentenced to two years’ rigorous imprisonment.

No. 1557.—Seizure at Rangoon, January 12th, 1935, ex the s.s. “ Hong Kheng ”, 1. O.C.S./Confidential/31. 17093/387. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, March 16th, 1935. 3(a). Cocaine : 17 kg. 26 grs. (599i oz.). 4. By the s.s. Hong Kheng (Agents : Chip Hwat & Co., Rangoon), coming from Amoy, Swatow, Hong-Kong, Singapore and Penang. 7. The cocaine was in twenty-four tins, each of which had two outsidewrappers, the outer one bearing a large oblong label, with the words " Formosa Oolong Tea” and Japa nese characters and two small circular red-and-white labels with Japanese characters. The inner outside wrapper bears two red-and-white labels with Japanese characters, the translation of which is (1) “ 200 gram ” and (2) " Pharmacopoeia japonica. Cocaine hydrochloride ” and the word “ Poison ” across the top left-hand corner, and a long orange-and-white label with Japanese characters, the translation of which is " Drug Certificate of the Central Laboratory of the Government-General of For mosa. No. South/3748. Cocaine hydrochloride. 700 gram. February 1934 This wrapper is also stamped in purple in four places with a circular stamp. The translation of the Japanese characters on this stamp is : " Central Laboratory of the Government-General of Formosa ”, The tins bore no labels. The consignment was one of joss paper, of which there were ninety-four packages marked “ H.S. ” and thirty-four packages marked “ S.H. — 35 —

g. On information received, the packages containing the joss paper were probed and cocaine was found in two bundles of joss paper marked “ H.S. ”, one bundle having fourteen tins and the other bundle, ten. The packets containing the cocaine had the middle layers, up to the thickness of a tin, cut away in the middle so as to hold a tin in the cut-away portion. Whole sheets of joss paper were then placed on top and below, so as to make the packet appear uniform in size and appearance to the other packets. There is no accused in this case, as no one came forward to clear the goods. Enquiry from the local agents showed that the owners of the “ H.S. ” packages were the only ones who did not present the bill of lading for delivery. It should be noted that the mark “ S.H. ” can easily be converted into “ H.S. ” by turning the package with the former mark upside down, and it was probably the consignee’s intention to present packages marked "S.H. ” for examination, and, when passed, to take out a correspond ing number of packages marked “ H.S.” with the packages containing the cocaine. The report states that for some months all Chinese vessels have been closely watched and periodical thorough searches made. In spite of some good seizures and effective watching, it has been observed that the illicit price of cocaine, although standing fairly high, has been more or less constant. This led to the conclusion that cocaine was getting through the Customs in some way, and it was suspected that it was taken from unexamined cases during the night or taken out of cases and smuggled off the wharf with the connivance of certain parties. A 100 per cent examination of the next Far East steamer to come in revealed nothing, and, from information received later, it was fairly sure that the cocaine was got away during the first day after the discharge, when the cargo was not under continuous Customs supervision. Orders were therefore given that, on the arrival of the Hong Kheng, which was the next China boat due, certain marks which had been previously suspected should be guarded from the time of discharge until the 1 0 0 per cent examination had taken place. The cargo in question was put under a constant guard, with the result that the importer did not come forward with his bill of entry. The party who imported the stuff is known to the Customs, however.

No. 1558.—Seizure at Rangoon, January 30th, 1935, ex the s.s. “ Hong Peng

1. 17107/387. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, March 19th, 1935. 3(a). Cocaine : 2 kg. 95 grs. (73| oz.). 4. By the s.s. Hong Peng (Agents : Chip Hwat & Co., Rangoon), coming from Amoy, Swatow, Hong-Kong, Singapore and Penang. 5. Person implicated : A Chinese passenger on board the vessel. 7. There were no marks or labels. 8 . 1 kg. 392 grs. of cocaine were found in three packets in the baggage of the accused. Two packets containing 703 grammes of cocaine hydrochloride were found among some unclaimed baggage in the examination enclosure. It undoubtedly also belonged to the accused Chinese, who had evidently managed to pass this baggage through the Customs without the cocaine being detected. Having accomplished this, he went to the same officer later with his remaining packages and was caught. 9. The accused was sentenced to nine months’ rigorous imprisonment.

No. 1559.—Seizure in Milan, November 1934.

1. 388/388(7). 2. Italian Government, December 19th, 1934. 3r

No. 1560.—Seizure at Postumia, Italy, September 16th, 1934.

1. 388/388(8). 2. Italian Government, December 18th, 1934. 3fn). Cocaine : 400 grammes. 5. Person implicated : Teresa Grcar, Yugoslav, midwife. 7. The cocaine bore the label " 100 G. R. Chinin Sulfur G. II ”. — 36 —

8 . It was found in the bedroom occupied by Teresa Grcar. She could not explain in any satisfactory way how the cocaine came into her possession nor where it had come from. She possessed a frontier-card with the visa No. 446 dated February 2nd 1934, and she made frequent journeys between Rakek, where she lived, and Postumia! The Italian Government has brought the above facts to the notice of the Yugoslav Government.

No. 1561 .—Illicit Traffic in Cocaine at Trieste, October 1934.

1. 388/388(10). 2. Italian Government, January 7th, 1935. 3(b). Cocaine : 1 kg. 200 grs. 5 . Persons implicated : Lorenzo Matzenik ; Teodoro Dutti ; Biagio Rivoli ; Luciano Vagnesi ; Agostino Laguzzi, a water-bailiff ; Rodolfo Spinel li ; Maria Krakj ; Anna Borghese Dutti. 8 . The authorities became aware that Matzenik was anxious to dispose of some cocaine and one of their agents got into touch with him. Matzenik offered the agent 500 grammes of the drug for 3,500 lire and arranged to hand over the drug, in concert with Dutti and Laguzzi, on October 15th, outside the town. Vagnesi, who acted as an intermediary between Dutti and the agent, became suspicious, however, because the agent refused to present any credentials and made off with the cocaine. In spite of this, the enquiries were continued and the following facts were elicited : On October 6 th, Rivoli had offered Dutti 1 kg. 200 grs. of cocaine for 7,950 lire. Dutti, in concert with Vagnesi, decided to obtain the cocaine from Rivoli by stratagem and to sell it to his own advantage. They therefore got Laguzzi to go with Dutti to the house of Rivoli, and when the latter handed over the cocaine, Laguzzi showed his card of identity as water-bailiff, pronounced the cocaine seized, and departed. It was then that Dutti, Vagnesi and Laguzzi, together with Matzenik, tried to find a buyer for the cocaine they had obtained. They were all arrested together with Rivoli and, on being questioned, stated that Spinelli was also one of their number. The authorities were unable to seize the cocaine, as Vagnesi had destroyed the 500 grammes he had obtained from Rivoli and the rest (700 grammes) was destroyed by Anna Dutti, Teodoro’s wife. It was not possible to trace the origin of the cocaine. 9. The case is pending.

No. 1562.—Illicit Traffic by Giuseppe Milavec and Others at Trieste, 1934. 1. 15819/387. 2. Italian Government, January 14th and February 26th, 1935. 5. Persons implicated : Giuseppe Milavec, agriculturist at Studeno, Postumia ; Alessandro Herbst, second-hand dealer at Klagenfurt, Austria ; Giuseppe Josko ; Francesco Milavec ; Giuseppe Dobnig, dealer in motor-cars at Bleiburg, Carinthia. 8 . The Trieste authorities were informed that Milavec was engaged in illicit drug traffic in concert with Herbst. Contact was made with the police authorities of Vienna, who informed the Italian authorities that Dobnig had been arrested on May 9th, 1934. On his arrest, he was found in possession of 445 Austrian schillings which he had received from Milavec in order to buy cocaine for him. Enquiries made by the Austrian police revealed the fact that Milavec was engaged in illicit traffic in cocaine between Germany, Yugoslavia and Italy. He was in touch with Dobnig through two intermediaries who had not been identified, but who had given Dobnig the above sum with which to obtain a sample of cocaine. Had the transaction been completed and Milavec satisfied with the cocaine, he was to have given Dobnig 50,000 dinars with which to obtain a larger quantity of the drug. Enquiries set on foot by the Austrian police to try to establish the origin of the drug are not yet completed. It was found that the goods already sold were falsified, but Milavec and Dobnig had obtained pure cocaine as well. The pure cocaine came from a certain Guglielmo Kober, of Klagenfurt, who states that he had had this cocaine in his possession for about ten years. The falsified cocaine probably came from Leopoldo Roesch, of Klagenfurt, who, at the beginning of 1935, fled from Klagenfurt after having committed thefts and fraudulently declared himself bankrupt. He is, at the moment, either in Germany or Russia. The enquiries set on foot by the Italian authorities at Trieste have led to no result.

No. 1563.—Seizure at San Francisco, August 31st, 1934, on board the s.s. “ President C leveland 1. 1281/388(66). No. 350. 2. Government of the United States of America, January 28th, 1935. 3w . Cocaine : 67 grammes ; Morphine : 17 grammes ; Codeine : 38 grammes ; Pantopon : 6.14 grammes. — 37 —

8. These drugs were seized upon the arrival of the vessel from China, because of failure to list them as medical supplies. They had been purchased in China for the ship’s surgeon’s supplies. 9. The drugs were confiscated and a penalty recommended. There was no criminal prosecution.

No. 1564.—Seizure at Montevideo, February 6th, 1935, on the s.s. “ Ciudad de M ontevideo

1. 4324/388. 2. Representative of Uruguay on the Advisory Committee, March 16th, 1935. 3(a). Cocaine : 100 grammes. 5 . Person implicated : Andrés Castro, second officer on board the vessel. 8 . The Customs authorities had been in possession for some time of information to the effect that certain members of the crew of this vessel were dealing in contraband, but several searches which had been undertaken were fruitless. On February 6 th, however, during a search, ten flasks, each containing 1 0 grammes of cocaine, were found hidden in the fire-hose, together with 6 dozen neck-ties. Enquiries revealed that the contraband goods had been hidden in the fire-hose by Castro.

No. 1565. —Seizure at Montevideo, February 7th, 1935.

1. 4324/388. 2. The representative of Uruguay on the Advisory Committee, March 16th, 1935. 3(a). Cocaine : 20 grammes and a quantity not stated ; (b). Cocaine : 880 grammes. 5. Persons implicated : Leonel David Gerbea Segal, agent for the firm of Roche & Co., Montevideo ; Evaristo Aquilez Martinez Sindin ; José Leal Suarez ; Manuel Alvarez Sanchez ; Pascualina Castellacio ; Valdemar Pertierra Lorenzo, co-proprietor of the pharmacy “ Guerra ” .1 8. Segal took the cocaine from the stocks of the firm of Roche & Co. with the idea of selling it in order to pay back a sum of money belonging to the firm, which he had made use of. The theft was discovered by the authorities when inspecting the books of the firm Roche & Co. Segal got into touch with Sindin, who was better known among the traffickers, and agreed with him that he should act as intermediary. The rest of the accused undertook to re-sell the cocaine to addicts. The 20 grammes of cocaine were found on the premises occupied by Pascualina Castellacio and the rest of the cocaine seized was found in the possession of Sanchez. 9. The above persons were all arrested and sent to the central prison. Investigations are continuing and further arrests are expected. Nole.—Seizures of cocaine were also made in connection with the following cases, which included seizures of other drugs and which have been summarised under corresponding headings : Cases Nos. 1509 and 1516, under “ Prepared Opium Cases Nos. 1526, 1529 and 1537, under “ Morphine ”.

Q u a n t it ie s o f Co c a in e s e iz e d a s r e p o r t e d t o t h e S e c r e t a r ia t : 1933 1934 1936 3 kg. 363 grs. 6 kg. 638 grs. 20 kg. 649 grs.

6. INDIAN HEMP.

No. 1566.—Seizure in Fiji, April 1934. 1. 14385/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 15th and February 1st, 1935. 3f

1 See document O.C.294M , page 80, No. 1273. — 38 —

it was suggested to Khatri by certain interested parties that he should import gania for them, a good commission being offered him. Khatri fell a victim to the tempta tion. In the course of the proceedings he had attempted to bribe a Customs official It was his first offence. Enquiries made in India at the General Post Office, Bombay ascertained that nineteen parcels were despatched from that post office on January 22nd, 1934, by a certain Jamnadas Hargovid & Co., Meadows Street, Fort, Bombay to the address of Messrs. Khatri Bros., Post Box No. 140, Suva,Fiji Islands, through the Dhanushkodi Post Office under Foreign Export Parcel list Nos. 20, 21 and 22 dated G.P.O., Bombay, January 22nd, 1934. Further enquiry revealed the fact that there is no firm called Jamnadas Hargovid & Co., in Meadows Street, Fort, and efforts are being made to trace the real name and address of the sender. A watch is also being kept to see if any further parcels are being sent to the Fiji Islands. An examination of the sample of the drugs seized revealed that it was not ganja, as the first report stated, but charas of a quality much inferior to the charas sold at the licensed hemp-drugs shops in Bombay. Amongst the newspapers used for packing there was a cinema handbill printed at the Dehra Times Press, Dehra Dun, which suggests that the charas may have come from there. 9. Khatri was sentenced to five years’ penal servitude and a fine of £250. The charas was confiscated.

No. 1567.—Seizure at Phillipsburg, P.Q., Canada, October 28th, 1934.

1. 1873/388. 2. Canadian Advisory Officer, Geneva, February 8th, 1935. 3(a). Marihuana cigarettes : 25. 5. Person implicated : Rafael Almanzar. 8. Almanzar and three companions entered Canada from the United States of America by car en route for Montreal, where they were engaged to play at a cabaret. Upon a search being made at the frontier, the cigarettes were found in a pocket of Almanzar’s coat. They were permitted to proceed to Montreal under bond to fulfil their engagement, but a visit was paid to the cabaret at which they were performing and a stub of a marihuana cigarette was found near where Almanzar was sitting, who was arrested. 9. Almanzar was charged with illegal importation and with possession. He was sentenced to six months’ imprisonment and a fine of 200 dollars and costs, or an additional month in default in connection with each charge.

No. 1568.—Seizure at Alexandria, January 15th, 1935. Mastromanolis Case.

1. O.C.S.229. 16031/387. 2. Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Cairo, January 21st, 1935. 3(a). Hashish : 6 kg. 450 grs. (5 okes). Heroin : 200 granimes. 4. From the correspondence intercepted, it appears that this hashish is of Bulgarian origin. It is also suspected that the heroin is of Bulgarian origin. 5. Persons implicated : Jean and Cleon Mastromanolis ; Efthimios Cazakopoulos ;x Constantin Cazakopoulos ; Georges Cazakopoulos ;x Andrea Clidouhakis ;8 Stefano Macrides * and Dimitri Macrides, both of Varna, Bulgaria ; Achiles Illiades, Poste Restante, the Piraeus. 8. In November 1933, the Alexandria branch of the Bureau received information from the Egyptian Consul at the Piraeus that Constantin Cazakopoulos was sending drugs to Egypt ; and from another source in the Piraeus, the Bureau learned the names and addresses of the persons in Alexandria who corresponded with Cazakopoulos. At the end of April 1934, two Greek newspapers arrived at the Alexandria Poste R estante addressed to Mr. Hellou, each containing 100 grammes of heroin, but they remained unclaimed. On January 15th, Jean Mastromanolis arrived from Greece on the s.s. Cairo City, his brother Cleon meeting him on the quay. During the Customs in spection, the hashish was found in a wooden box containing some clothes. It was not in bags, but pressed in the bottom and sides of the box. When Cleon Mastro manolis noticed that something was wrong, he went off in his car, but he was later arrested. Both denied possession of the drugs, and Jean stated that he had bought the box from a second-hand dealer in the Piraeus and did not know that it contained hashish, in spite of its weight. Meanwhile, the correspondence from Cazakopoulos to the addresses revealed to the Bureau had been supervised ; it came from the Cazakopoulos brothers, Clidouhakis, the two Macrides and Illiades and was always

1 See documents O.C.294fJU, Page 8 : O.C.294 W , page 5, No. 437. 1 See document O.C.294 (g), pages 41 and 42, No. 114. * See document O.C.294 j-®), page 31, No. 1315. — 39 —

addressed to the brothers Mastromanolis, at either the Hotel Semiramis, or 53, rue Attarin, or at their office, No. 26, Sharia Zaghloul Pacha. A search made at the premises of the Mastromanolis brothers, as well as in the flat occupied by them, resulted in the discovery of a letter from Efthimiades, as well as a quantity of small bags made of canvas, which apparently were intended for the hashish, after it had been rendered malleable. A press, a stove and a pot for that purpose were also found. 9 . Cleon and Jean Mastromanolis, being Greek subjects, were handed over to the Greek Consular Court. Cleon was acquitted but Jean has not yet been dealt with. He was, however, sentenced by the Customs Commission, Alexandria, to a fine of £E55 (968 Swiss francs).

No. 1569.—Seizure at Suez on December 15th, 1934. 1. 16416/387. 2. Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Cairo, February 3rd, 1935. 3(a). Hashish : 520 grammes. Stated to be of Indian origin. 5. Persons implicated : Ali Ibrahim, alias El Maghrabi, storekeeper on the s.s. Arafat, of the Misr Navigation Co., coming from Mediterranean ports ; Ahmed Eweidah Eweidah, an Egyptian watchman of the Misr Navigation Co. 8. Eweidah was arrested by the Customs in possession of the hashish, which he alleges he obtained from Ibrahim. The s.s. Arafat had been searched on entering the Suez Canal but no drugs had been found. 9. Eweidah was sentenced to two years’ imprisonment and to a fine of £E400 (7,037 Swiss francs). Ibrahim was acquitted.

No. 1570.—Seizure at Madras, August 31st and September 1st, 1934. 1. 15592/387. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 3rd, 1935. 3(a). Charas : 114 grammes (9f tolas). 4. By the s.s. Mount Parnasus, coming from Port Said, Masawah, Basra, Aden, Colombo and Calcutta (owners : Nariondi). 5. Person implicated : Stalius Progoulis, Greek steward on board the vessel. 7. There were no labels found on the packet containing the charas. 8. The charas originated in Port Said and was obtained there. 9. The accused was sentenced by default to a fine of Rs. 75 (97.50 Swiss francs) or two weeks’ simple imprisonment.

No. 1571.—Arrest at Biledjik, Turkey, of Two Syrians bringing Hashish from Syria to Turkey, January 28th, 1935. 1. 16554/387. 2. Turkish Government, February 5th, 1935. 3(a). Hashish : 10 kg. 4. On the train coming from Aleppo to Istanbul. 5. Persons implicated : Hadji Hassan oglou Ibrahim and Omer oglou Mehmed, both Syrians. 8. The two accused attracted the attention of the police by their behaviour, and a search made at the station of Biledjik led to the discovery of three sacks of hashish concealed in their luggage. 9. The two accused were sent to the tribunal and the hashish was seized.

No. 1572.—Seizure at Istanbul, February 9th, 1935. 1. 16928/387. 2. The Turkish Minister for Health and Social Welfare, February 25th, 1935. 3ra;. Hashish : 6 kg. 5. Persons implicated : I sac or Jacques Albert ; Ohannés, an Armenian taxi-driver ; Mme. Marie ; Ropen, an Armenian. 8. Albert was arrested by the police as he was taking the hashish on board the s.s. Théophile Gautier, which was anchored at the quay at Galata. The hashish was in the form of shoe-soles, thirty-four in number. Ohannés had transported the hashish to the quay in his taxi and Mme. Marie had kept it previously in her house. When arrested, the accused stated that, after this attempt, they had arranged with Ropen, an opium trafficker, to transport 30 kg. of raw opium. 9. The accused were all arrested and brought before the Court. Note.—A seizure of hashish was also made in connection with the discovery of a clandestine factory. It has therefore been summarised under that heading. See Case No. 1471, under “ Part IIA ”. — 40 —

Quantities of Indian H emp D rugs seized as reported to the Secretariat : Hashish Charas Marihuana Cigarettes 1934 1935 1934 1934 39 kg. 419 grs. 22 kg. 250 grs. 114 grammes 25 (number).

7. MISCELLANEOUS.

No. 1573.—Seizures of Chinese Narcotic Pills in Canada during 1934. 1. 16556/387. 2. Canadian Advisory Officer, Geneva, February 14th, 1935. 3(a). Narcotic pills : 361,148. 7. The pills were contained in cardboard boxes, ten capsules or bottles in each box. These capsules or bottles held two pills each. The following labels were either on or in the boxes : (1) Cough Cure Chee Sau Wan Pills, with the name and address of Lee Che Jian (or Lichai Hin), Canton, China ; (2) label indicating manufacture by the Chue Chuen Tack Dispensary, 63, Tai Ho Road, Canton ; (3) Ho Hang Woo, Canton, China, maker of “ Rheun-Cough Pills ”. Samples of the cardboard boxes are in the Secretariat. 8. The pills were ascertained on analysis to have an average morphine content of 2.60 grains p er ounce. They varied in colour from golden brown to dirty red. The capsules, which had not previously been encountered, were made of white wax, globular in shape and about $ inch in diameter. QUESTIONNAIRE REFERRING TO PART II.

1. Documents issued and Registry dossier No. 2. Reported by. 3. Kind and quantity of drugs (a) seized or ( b) involved in the illicit transaction. 4. Origin of drugs. Where drugs shipped. Method of transportation, and destination. Route followed. Nationality, name and owners of ship involved. 5. Names of consignor, consignee and addressee, or other persons implicated. 6. Forwarding agents and other persons or firms whose names appear in connection with the case. 7. Name of manufacturer of drugs ; labels, marks, packing, etc. 8. Additional details. 9. Legal proceedings and penalties. — 41 —

INDEX TO LOCALITIES

Country and Locality Dale Page Country and Locality Dale Page

Austria : Ita ly : Rankweil March 18th, 1933 ...... 3 Fiume July 1933 ...... 3 Vienna 1928-1934 ...... 29 Milan November 1934 ...... 35 Postumia September 16th, 1934 .... 35 British C olonies December 1934 ...... 19 Fiji April 1934 ...... 37 Trieste Ju ly 1933 ...... 3 Hong-Kong Ju ly and August 1934 . . . 13 October 1934 ...... 36 August 1934 ...... 19 1934...... 36 September 13th, 1934 .... 13 Septem ber li)34 ..... 13,20 New Zealand : October 11th, 1934 ...... 13 Apia, Western October 29th, 1934 ...... 14 December 19th, 1934...... October 1934 ...... 11,20 Samoa 23 November 20th, 1934 .... 14 P o la n d : November 1934 ...... 15,20 December 3rd, 1934...... 15 Upper Silesia June 1 6 th ,1934 ...... 4 December 6 th, 1934...... 15 December 14th, 1934...... 20 Portuguese Colonies : December 1934 ...... 16,21 Jan u ary 3rd, 1935 ...... 7 Macao September 1934 ...... 23 Penang October 1934 ...... 21 October 1934 ...... 23 Singapore October 17th, 1934 ...... 33 November 1934 ...... 23 October 1934 ...... 21 December 1934 ...... 23 November 1934 ...... 16,21 December 1934 ...... 16,21 S ia m : Third quarter 1934 ...... 24 F ourth quarter 1934 .... 26 Canada : 1934...... 40 phillipsburg October 28th, 1934 ...... 38 T u rk ey : February and September Vancouver Biledjik Janu ary 28 th, 1935 ...... 1934 22 39 Bosphorus February 19th,1935 ...... 12 December 6 th, 1934...... 22 Istanbul November 27th, 1934 .... 18 China : December 11th, 1934...... 12 Canton October and November February 9th, 1935 ...... 39 1934 23 Izmir Janu ary 1935 ...... 18 Hankow Jan u ary 7th, 1933 ...... 16 February 7th, 1935 ...... 18 Kiaochow October 24th and Novem ber 17th, 1934 ...... 30 United States of N ovem ber28th, 1934 .... 16 A m e r ic a : November 1934 ...... 32 Lappa Fourth quarter 1934 .... 17 December 1934 ...... 32 Lungkow November 13th, 1934 ___ 31 Janu ary 1935 ...... 32 Shanghai Jan u ary 6 th, 1933 ...... 17 Billings, Mon Jan u ary 24 th, 1933 ...... 17 tana November 30th, 1934 .... 26 February 21st, 1933 ...... 17 Boston, Mass. September 26th, 1934 .... 4 March 16th, 1933 ...... 26 Brownwood, March 20th, 1933 ...... 26 Texas January 1 8 th ,1935 ...... 26 April 7th, 1933 ...... 7 Los Angeles, Cal. Jan uary 2nd, 1935 ...... 27 Ju ly 10th, 1933 ...... 31 Newark, New November 25th, 1933 .... 33 Jersey November 19th, 1934 .... 24 June and July 1934 ...... 17 New Orleans, September 15th, 1934 .... 8 Louisiana September 27th 1934 .... 4 November 7th, 1934 ...... 11 New York July 10th, 1934 ...... 4 International November 6th-23rd, 1934.. 32 Settlement August 27th, 1934 ...... 7 November 9th, 1934 ...... 27 September 5th, 1934 ...... 8 December 14th, 1934...... 18 September 20th, 1934 .... 9 Janu ary 5 th ,1935 ...... 27 October 2nd, 1934 ...... 9 February 8 th, 1935 ...... 27 October 10 th, 1934 ...... 9 Oakland, Cal. December 22nd, 1934 27 October 19th, 1934 ...... 10 San de Fuca, November 4th and 6 th, W hidby Isl., 1934...... 10 W ashington January 2 4 th ,1935 ...... 28 November 28th, 1934 _____ 11 San Francisco December 21st and 27th, December 6 th, 1934...... 11 1933...... 3 December 20th, 1934...... 11 August 31st, 1934 ...... 36 Tangku Ju ly 27th, 1933 ...... 31 November 10th, 1934 28 Tientsin March 9th, 1933 ...... 17 December 20th, 1934...... 28 Egypt : Seattle December 8 th, 1934...... 29 February 23rd, 1935 ...... 24 Alexandria December 4th, 1934...... 31 Whidby Island January 3rd,1935 ...... 29 January 15th, 1935 ...... 38 Honolulu December 9th, 1934...... 25 Cairo December 17th, 1934...... 31 February 2nd,1935 ...... 25 Port Said December 22nd, 1934 .... 18 February 7th, 1935 ...... 25 Suez December 15th, 1934...... 39 Greece : U.S. Colonies : Piraeus August 3rd, 1934 ...... 31 Philippine India : Islands Manila June 19th, 1934 ...... 4 Calcutta 1931-1934 ...... 34 November 16th, 1934 25 October 9th, 1934 ...... 34 Talisay August 11 th ,1934 ...... 25 November 1st, 1934...... 34 January 25th,1935 ...... 34 U ru g u a y : Madras August31st and September 1st, 1934 ...... 39 Montevideo December 27th, 1934...... 33 Rangoon January 12th, 1935 ...... 34 February 6 th, 1935 ...... 37 Jan u ary 30th, 1935 ...... 35 February 7th, 1935 ...... 37 INDEX TO NAMES OF PERSONS, FIRMS, ETC.

Name Page Name Page Name Page

“ A & B ” mark .... 13,14,15 Glatz, Silvie ...... 27 Miller, Robert ...... 24 “ A & B Monopoly I ” Goumas, P eter ...... 27 Milo van, M ihilovich . m a r k ...... 14 Grcar, T e r e s a ...... 35 M iltiades...... * ' “ A & B Monopoly IBM” “ Guerra ” Pharmacy, Mon Minhas, C osti...... [ jg m a r k ...... 15 tevideo ...... 37 Mulford & Co., Philadelphia 27 Aboulafya, David ...... 18 Munk, Gabriel ...... 29 Agouroglou, Aleco ...... 12 Hadji Hassan oglou Ibra Musiolik, A loise ...... ’ 4 Ah Wong ...... 20 him ...... 39 Ah T a i...... 34 H a lik a k i...... 18 Nagai, Katsum i...... ^8 Albert, Isac (Jaques)...... 39 Halikyos, Spiro 18 Nagel, M o ritz ...... 30 “ Ali Baba ’’m a rk ...... 32 H a l i l ...... 12 N akam ura ...... 33 Almanzar, Rafael...... 38 Hattap, Mehmed ...... 18 Nedjati, M eh m ed ...... ig Anavi Brothers...... 30 Heisler, Dr. R obert ...... 4 Neubert, Paul ...... 24 Anavi, I s a a c ...... 30 H e llo u ...... 38 Ng Lap F u ...... i3 Anti-Opium Bureau, Wu- Henry & Co...... 23 Nouri, Osman ...... ig c h o w ...... 14 Herbst, Alessandro ...... 36 “ Nova ” label ...... 32 Asia Far East Manufacturing Hilmi oglou Zia ...... 12 “ No. I Monopoly ” mark .. 15 Co...... 4 Ho Hang Woo, Canton .... 40 Aslanidis, Dimitri ...... 12 Ho Thai ...... 33 O h a n n é s ...... 39 Auer, Ludwig ...... 29 Hommels H aem atogen Co., Olympe, Jo hn ...... 27 Z u ric h ...... 4 Omer oglou Mehmed 39 Bacula, Carlos F. . , ...... 29 H ung L e e ...... 23 Ozawa, Z...... 11 Bakladjioglou, Georges .... 12 H u sséin e...... 18 Baldwin, Jack ...... 26 “ Pagoda ” label ...... 13 Barshup, Harold ...... 27 IbTahim ...... 12 Pardo, Joseph ...... ig Bernstein, Sam ...... 29 Ibrahim , A l i ...... 39 Pharm acy “ Guerra ” ...... 37 Blauaug, H erm ann ...... 29 Illiades, A c h ile s...... 38 “ Pillow ” Brand...... 15 Brochard, P. R., Haiphong . 13 Isakidis, G eo rg e...... 12 Ponce, Dona Rosa de Lopez 4 Brown, Lillian...... 24 Jam nadas, Hargovid & Co., Progoulis, Stalius ...... 39 “ Buddah ” m ark ...... 20 Bom bay ...... 38 Pugliese, Domingo ...... 33 “ Butterfly & Cockerel ” Josko, G iu sep p e...... 36 m a r k ...... 11 Rachid, Ali Osman ...... 31 Kadota, William ...... 28 (2) Raskin, Joseph ...... 29 Carinelli, A n th o n y ...... 24 Kaledjian, M ihran ...... 31 “ Red Lion ” mark .. 15 (2), 19, Castelaccio, Pascualina.... 37 Katz, Michel ...... 19 20 (2), 21 (3) Castro, A ndrés...... 37 Kess, C a r l...... 25 Richardson, M a r y ...... 32 Cazakopoulos, Constantin .. 38 Kess, Em ilia ...... 25 Rivoli, B ia g io ...... 36 Cazakopoulos, Efthimios... 38 Khatri, Valubhat Velabh .. 37 Rizzo, Carmelo ...... 27 Cazakopoulos, Georges .... 38 Klempfner, H e r s c h ...... 29 Roche &Co., Montevideo .. 37 “ Chee Sau Wan ” mark ... 40 Klempfner, Ruchel ( Ro Roesch, Leopoldo ...... 36 Cheng, S. Hung ...... 3 salia) ...... 30 Roesler & Co., Mulhouse .. 29 “ Chicken & Cash ” mark .. 21 Kober, Guglielmo ...... 36 R o p e n ...... 39 Chien Yu, Hankow ...... 17 Kofler, W ilhelm ...... 29 Chue Chuen Tack Dispen K rakj, Maria ...... 36 Sam Lee Shop, Yunnan 15 sary, Canton ...... 40 “ Kwangsi Revenue ” label 15 Sanchez, Manuel Alvarez .. 37 Chuen O n ...... 14 “ KwongSi "label . 13,14,15 Schor, T rajan ...... 30 Clidouhakis, Andrea 38 “ Kwong Tung Pagoda ” Segal, Leonel David Gerbea. 37 “ Cock ” m ark ...... 15,20 label ...... 13 (2), 14,15,16 Shanghai Mutual Trading Co. 3 “ Cock & E lephant ” m a rk .. 25 Kyriakidis, Apostol...... 12 Sheehan, Jo h n ...... 27 Comar & Co., P a r i s ...... 24 Shoong, Joe ...... 28 Copanos, Emile ...... 12 Laboratoires Clin ...... 24 Sindin, Evaristo Aquilez “ Crossed Axes ” mark .... 15 Laguzzi, Agostino ...... 36 M a rtin e z ...... 37 “ Lam Fan ” mark ...... 20 S o tiri...... 12 Dager, Abraham ...... 30 “ Lam K ay ” m ark ...... 23 Dah Yih Medicine Co 8 Spinelli, Rodolfo...... 36 “ Lam Kee ” mark .... 20, 25 Spiros, B ackus ...... 24 Dice, Frank E ...... 26 Lamm, Simon ...... 29 Dickieson, F re d ...... 27 Stein, F red ...... 27 L au F o ok ...... 16 Stern, Wilhelm ...... 30 D ju n ia s...... 12 Lee Chi Jian, C a n to n ...... 40 Dobnig, Giuseppe ...... 36 Stillman, Max ...... 27 Lichai Hin, C anton ...... 40 Strand, Jack ...... 22 Dodd, D a n ...... 22 Lilly & Co., Eli ...... 3 Douglas, Elizabeth ...... 32 Strand, Mrs. J ...... 22 “ Lion ” mark ...... 23,25 Strantzalis, Georges Poly- Dowd, D a n ...... 22 “ Lion & Globe * mark 19, 20 (2), Drogueria Harreria, Havana 24 v io u ...... 31 Dutti, Anna Borghesi 36 Strudl, Johann ...... 30 “ LoFukKee” 15,20,^1 Suarez, José L e a l...... 37 Dutti, Teodoro ...... 36 Lo Buono, G a b rie l...... 27 “ Eagle ” mark ...... 21 Lorenzo, Valdemar P ...... 37 Ta Fung, Kiangwan ...... 17 Eastern Pharmacy, French Lowe, Parkin H ...... 28 Tai F u k ...... 21 Tai Y au Shop, Y unnan 15 Concession, Shanghai.... 3 Macridis, D im itri...... 38 El M ag h rab i...... 39 T atar Omer ...... 12 Macridis, S tefan o ...... 38 “ Elephant ” mark .... 20,23 “ Three Wise Men ” mark. 32 Malli, Aspiro ...... 12 “ Tonggee ” m ark ...... 25 Epaminondas, Phillipe 18 “ Man & W om an ” m ark . .. 20 Erba, Carlo—Milan ...... 3 Man Hing Tseung, Hong- Eweidah, Ahmed Eweidah . 39 Vagnesi, Luciano ...... 36 Kong ...... 13 Velez, Dr. José Maria Guillén 4 Fannis, M avridis...... 31 M an zak is...... 19 Farmacia El Plata, Buenos Marco, Ja q u e s...... 12 “ White Horse ” mark .. 32 (2) Ayres ...... 4 Marie, Mme...... 39 W ing Taz Tseung ...... 13 Fisher, Laurence ...... 32 Markovitch, Trayan ...... 19 Fo Lo S h a ...... 13 Mastromanolis, Cléon ...... 38 Yakura, Mrs...... 33 Friedm ann, J o s u a h ...... 30 Mastromanolis, Je a n ...... 38 Yamate Sake Factory, Fu Shan Co., T sinan...... 30 Matalon, L éon ...... 18 Shanghai ...... ° “ Fujitsuru ” m ark ...... 33 Matsenik, Lorenzo ...... 36 Yee Chong Co., Seattle ... • May Kee Ltd., Shanghai... 3 Yee Sang Heng, Shanghai 26(2) Georgiadis, Nicolas Christou 31 M ehm ed...... 12 YiHsin Cheng ...... ’ 30 Gillmann, Edward ...... 24 Milavec, Francesco ...... 36 “ Yick Kee ” m ark ___ 15,24 Gillmann, Mrs. Louise 24 Milavec, Giuseppe ...... 36 Yuen Ha Kau ...... 16