DOCSLIB.ORG

Michael Vey 5: Storm of Lightning Free

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Michael Vey 5: Storm of Lightning Free FREE MICHAEL VEY 5: STORM OF LIGHTNING PDF Richard Paul Evans | 288 pages | 01 Jul 2016 | SIMON & SCHUSTER | 9781481444118 | English | United States 'Everlasting Storm' Has 1 Million Lightning Strikes a Year Lightning strikes are common. According to the National Weather Service, an average of 25 million lightning strikes Michael Vey 5: Storm of Lightning detected each year in the United States. Some facts about lightning include that:. And in addition to the danger of getting struck by lightning, parents should be aware of the dangers of house fires that are triggered by lightning strikes. The fact that getting hit by lightning is a rare event is often used by people to compare it to other risks kids may face. Since thunder, the sound made by lightning, can be heard within about 10 miles of a lightning strike, if you can hear thunder, you are at risk of getting hit by lightning. This is an important lesson to teach kids, who often wait too long before seeking shelter or who may even stop to look at lightning. It is also important to teach kids to get inside to a safe building or a safe vehicle Michael Vey 5: Storm of Lightning a thunderstorm and stay there for at least 30 minutes until the thunder and lightning stops. A safe shelter during a thunderstorm would include a building with walls, a roof, plumbing, and electrical wiring. Your kids should Michael Vey 5: Storm of Lightning away from the plumbing and electrical equipment, including corded telephones, in case the building gets hit by lightning. Safe vehicles include those with a hard-topped roof, including cars, trucks, and minivans. Most lightning deaths are not in organized team sports or when kids are campingbut when people are simply outside during Michael Vey 5: Storm of Lightning. When most people are hit by lightning, they are either outside or under a tree. That makes it crucial to know that storms are coming, so you have time to get inside. While a weather radio is an important high-tech parenting gadget that everyone should have, there are also plenty of apps that you can install on your smartphone to warn you about severe storms and lightning. But don't rely on these kinds of lightning alerts. Get inside when you hear thunder. Get expert tips to help your kids stay healthy and happy. National Weather Service. Lightning Safety Tips and Resources. Lightning Victims. How Dangerous is Lightning? Lightning Safety Awareness Week. More in Healthy Kids. Lightning Safety Tips Lightning safety tips that kids should understand include: They are not safe under a tree during a thunderstorm. The dugout at a baseball field is not a safe shelter from lightning. An open patio, open garage, pavilion, or picnic shelter are not safe buildings during a thunderstorm. Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! Sign Up. What are your concerns? Article Sources. Verywell Family uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. Related Articles. Want a Michael Vey 5: Storm of Lightning Family? The 23 Best Toys for 9-Year-Olds of Verywell Family uses cookies to provide you with a great user experience. By using Verywell Family, you accept our. What Happens During a Lightning Storm? I drove to Trader Joe's and loaded up on groceries, only to be followed home by a huge storm cloud. It was like a scene out of the film Twister minus the tornadothe weather seemed to follow my minivan. As I pulled into our driveway, the sky turned dark and it started to pour. Branches and debris swirled around the yard in the quiet winds and seconds later the tornado sirens started blaring. Bobby ran upstairs to get Ariana who was still napping. We grabbed one little pink piggy toy flashlight of Samantha's that we almost donated to charity and I was now thankful we didn't and books to read downstairs under the glow of the plastic hog's mouth. Minutes later, the sirens went off and so did our power. We were Michael Vey 5: Storm of Lightning sticking to our seats because it was humid and in the 90s. The sky was still an eerie charcoal color from the fierce storm a storm that would end up taking lives in Michigan and leaving hundreds of thousands without powerso we dined by candlelight. The upside: Bobby cooked macaroni for the kids thankfully we have a gas cooktop. The downside: The Michael Vey 5: Storm of Lightning kicked up the temperature a good 30 degrees in the house. As the temperature rose, Josh started to disrobe, until we suddenly heard a blast of thunder and both jumped. At that moment I was the funniest mom who ever lived. So it's nice to know that we can find humor in a scary and serious weather situation. Instead of letting the stress get the best of us, we just stuck together in the heat of the night and laughed. Ever find that you turn to humor in Michael Vey 5: Storm of Lightning scary or nerve-racking situation? How has finding a way to laugh through stressful situations helped your kids? Share your thoughts and stories in Comments. Type keyword s to search. Today's Top Stories. This content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find more information about this and similar content at piano. Advertisement - Continue Reading Below. More From Lifestyle. Divide and Conquer New Home Hairspray. 3 Ways to Get Ready for the Storm There is a place on Earth where an "everlasting storm" appears almost every night, averaging 28 lightning strikes per minute for up to 10 hours at a time. That's one per second. This storm lives above a swampy patch of northwestern Venezuela, where the Catatumbo River meets Lake Maracaibo, and has provided near-nightly light shows for thousands of years. Its original name was rib a-baor "river of fire," given by indigenous people in the region. Thanks to the frequency and brightness of its lightning, visible from up to miles away, the storm was later used by Caribbean sailors in colonial times, earning nicknames like " Lighthouse of Catatumbo " and Michael Vey 5: Storm of Lightning Maracaibo Beacon. The lightning has also played an even larger role in South American history, helping thwart at least two nocturnal invasions of Venezuela. The first was inwhen it illuminated ships led by Sir Francis Drake of England, revealing his surprise attack to Spanish soldiers in the city of Maracaibo. The other was during the Venezuelan War of Independence on July 24,when the lightning betrayed a Spanish fleet trying to sneak ashore, helping Adm. So what causes such a powerful storm to develop in the same spot, up to nights a year, for thousands of years? Why is its lightning so colorful? Why does it not seem Michael Vey 5: Storm of Lightning produce thunder? And why does it sometimes vanish, like its mysterious six-week disappearance in ? The Catatumbo Lightning has sparked plenty of speculation over the centuries, including theories that it's Michael Vey 5: Storm of Lightning by methane from Lake Maracaibo or that it's a unique type of lightning. Although its exact origins are still hazy, scientists are pretty sure it's regular lightning that just happens to occur far more frequently than anywhere else, due largely to local topography and wind patterns. The Lake Maracaibo basin is surrounded on all but one Michael Vey 5: Storm of Lightning by mountains, pictured in the map below, that trap warm trade winds blowing in from the Caribbean Sea. These warm winds then crash into cool air spilling down from the Andes, forcing Michael Vey 5: Storm of Lightning upward until they condense into thunderclouds. All this happens above a large lake whose water evaporates vigorously under the Venezuelan sun, offering a steady supply of updrafts. The whole region is like a big thunderstorm machine. But what about the methane? There are major oil deposits below Lake Maracaibo, and methane is known to bubble up from certain parts of the lake — especially from bogs near three epicenters of storm activity. Some experts think this methane boosts Michael Vey 5: Storm of Lightning conductivity of air above the lake, essentially greasing the wheels for more lightning. That hasn't been proven, though, and some experts also doubt methane is significant compared with the large-scale atmospheric forces at work. The colors of Catatumbo Lightning have similarly been attributed to methane, but that theory is even shakier. People often see the storm from 30 miles away, and dust or water vapor floating near the surface can distort faraway light, adding color to lightning much like sunsets and sunrises. Another common Maracaibo myth also boils down to distance: the apparent lack of thunder. Observers have long speculated the storm generates silent lightning, but it doesn't. All lightning produces thunder, whether it's cloud-to-ground, intracloud or anything else. Sound just doesn't travel as far Michael Vey 5: Storm of Lightning light, and it's rare to hear thunder if you're more than 15 miles away from the lightning. Some scientists say the Catatumbo Lightning helps replenish Earth's ozone layer, but that's yet another cloudy claim. The lightning bolts do coax oxygen in the air to form ozone, but it's unclear whether that ozone ever drifts high enough to reach the stratospheric ozone layer.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Downloaded an Application Form
    Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education *8233511787* ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE 0510/13 Paper 1 Reading and Writing (Core) May/June 2017 1 hour 30 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. Answer all questions. Dictionaries are not allowed. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. This document consists of 13 printed pages and 3 blank pages. DC (ST/FC) 127344/4 © UCLES 2017 [Turn over 2 Exercise 1 Read the information about a company called Real-Life, which produces short books about the life stories of their customers, and then answer the following questions. Real-Life The company background Several years ago, Steve O’Brien was researching his family history. He realised that the internet makes it relatively easy to find facts about births, marriages and deaths, but the really interesting information about what people did in their lives is often missing. So, Steve decided to offer a service to help ordinary people make a record of their lives. After coming up with the idea for Real-Life, Steve decided he would move from the UK to Ireland, where he grew up, because he wanted to test the service by setting it up on a smaller scale.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Environmental Hydrology
    JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYDROLOGY The Electronic Journal of the International Association for Environmental Hydrology On the World Wide Web at http://www.hydroweb.com VOLUME 14 2006 BASELINE METALS CONCENTRATIONS IN WATERS FROM A TROPICAL BINATIONAL RIVER: THE CATATUMBO RIVER, VENEZUELA Hilda Ledo Laboratorio de Química Ambiental Nancy Angulo Facultad Experimental de Ciencias Elizabeth Gutiérrez Universidad del Zulia Johan Mesa Maracaibo, Venezuela. The Catatumbo river is a binational basin shared by both Venezuela and Colombia approxi- mately 30% and 70%, respectively. It is one of the main contributors of nutrients, organic matter and metals to Lake Maracaibo, due to the natural runoff of the river basin, and to domestic, industrial, agricultural and oil activities in the basin. This work is the first study of metals in waters of the Catatumbo River, including the zones within Venezuelan and Colombian territory, and the metal load to Lake Maracaibo. Metal concentrations in the Catatumbo river water were in the following order: Na > Al > Mg > Fe > K > Ca > Cu > Zn = Pb > Mn > Cr (30.582, 9.386, 8.313, 5.137, 4.617, 1.863, 0.192, 0.157, 0.157, 0.141, and 0.0005 mg/l respectively). With the exception of Cr, these values exceed reported values by other authors for natural waters. The molar ratio metal/phosphorus found in river waters was high, suggesting complex formation. The annual metal load from the Catatumbo river to Lake Maracaibo is the following: Na > Mg> K > Ca > Al > Fe > Pb > Cu > Zn > Mn > Cr (966.74, 219.60, 49.80, 18.12, 7.56, 5.27, 0.95, 0.82, 0.57, 0.33, and 0.0015 x 104 kg/yr respectively).
    [Show full text]
  • Harnessing Electrical Energy from Lightning
    International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management (IJAIEM) Web Site: www.ijaiem.org Email: [email protected], [email protected] Volume 2, Issue 9, September 2013 ISSN 2319 - 4847 HARNESSING ELECTRICAL ENERGY FROM LIGHTNING S. Malavika1, S.Vishal 2 1,2Student, Thiagarajar college of Engineering Abstract Power crisis is the talk of the world today. There have been lots many inventions and discoveries but the future of those innovations has been jeopardized just because of the simple fact of non availability of energy resources. But our personal view on the matter is that nature offers us options in plenty and we do not utilize them. One such viable option underused by mankind is the power of lightning. This paper proposes to harness the energy of a lightning in treating the power crisis and finally making power unavailability a thing of the past. Keywords: lightning, power crisis, electrical energy 1. INTRODUCTION Since the late 1980s, there have been several attempts to investigate the possibility of harvesting energy from lightning. While a single bolt of lightning carries a relatively large amount of energy (approximately 5 billion joules or about the energy stored in 145 liters of petrol), this energy is concentrated in a small location and is passed during an extremely short period of time (milliseconds); therefore, extremely high electrical power is involved. It has been proposed that the energy contained in lightning be used to generate hydrogen from water, or to harness the energy from rapid heating of water due to lightning, or to use inductors spaced far enough away so that a safe fraction of the energy might be captured.
    [Show full text]
  • Lightning Quenchers LQ Catalogue 2020
    2020 LIGHTNING QUENCHER LQCATALOGUE INDEX CORPORATE PROFILE ABOUT US INDEX 2 Energy Plus manufactures LED technology lumi- CORPORATE PROFILE 3 naires. The Company’s scientific staff carries out pioneering research in the fields of design, lighting, LIGHTNING 5 optical units of the LED chips and electronics. As a THE IMPACT OF A LIGHTNING STRIKE 8 result, it holds patents and international certifica- tions in its field of activity. LIGHTNING QUENCHERS 10 In 2016 Energy Plus completed the design and TECHNOLOGY 12 moved on to the certification (CE ENEC) and started manufacturing LED technology Luminaires. At the LQ RANGE 14 same time expanded the portfolio of available prod- ucts to include LED bulbs and luminaires as com- BENEFITS 15 mercial products, commencing its cooperation with LIGHTNING QUENCHER LQ 20i 16 other quality certified manufacturers. LIGHTNING QUENCHER LQ 10d 17 Energy Plus manufactures Lightning Quenchers as well. An extraordinary product for protection against LIGHTNING QUENCHER LQ 20dc 18 direct and indirect lightning for middle voltage net- works. LIGHTNING QUENCHER LQ 24d 19 A unique range of products with almost 100 regis- tered patents to prevent and protect from any loses APPLICATIONS 20 of human life or asset’s damages. EXAMPLES OF LQ INSTALLATION 22 Energy Plus has high caliber, dynamic and well- trained executives in all sectors of activity. By constantly investing in excellently trained staff and new technologies, it is a Greek company that aims to become recognized throughout Europe and not only. 2 3 LIGHTNING AT A GLANCE OVERVIEW Lightning is a naturally occurring electrostatic discharge during which two electrically charged regions in the atmosphere or ground temporarily equalize themselves, causing the instantaneous release of as much as one gigajoule of energy.
    [Show full text]
  • Venezuelan Region Wins Guinness Record for Lightning 29 January 2014
    Venezuelan region wins Guinness record for lightning 29 January 2014 The phenomenon was proposed to Guinness last year by Venezuelan environmentalist Erick Quiroga, who has been monitoring the lightning for 17 years. © 2014 AFP It turns out there is a Guinness World record for the place with the most lightning, and an area of Venezuela with 20,000 flashes of it per hour has won Catatumbo in western Venezuela has made it into the Guinness record books for being the place with the most lightning, some 20,000 flashes per hour. The certification was handed over Tuesday by Guinness Book of World Records representative Johanna Hessling. The natural phenomenon in the western state of Zulia is called the Catatumbo Lightning. It generates myriad electrical storms from April to November at the mouth of the River Catatumbo, at the southern end of Lake Maracaibo. The numbers of lightning bolts are indeed staggering: an estimated 18 to 60 per minute, more than 20,000 per hour and 1.2 million a year, with each flash packing enough juice to light up 100 million light bulbs, according to the Agencia Venezolana de Noticias. Venezuelan Vice President Jorge Arreaza received the certificate from Guinness. 1 / 2 APA citation: Venezuelan region wins Guinness record for lightning (2014, January 29) retrieved 29 September 2021 from https://phys.org/news/2014-01-venezuelan-region-guinness-lightning.html This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.
    [Show full text]
  • When Lightning Strikes
    Schlepp 1 Geneva Schlepp Annie Lampman Honors 380 Flora, Fauna, and Natural Phenomena When Lightning Strikes When lighting strikes, charged particles fly frantic through the air and make my body come alive. Without checking the forecast, I taste an oncoming storm in the smoky tang on my tongue and ozone aroma that stirs carnal instincts. Lighting has intrigue, an unpredictability that draws me to bask in its authority. I wish to move to Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela, considered the most electric place on earth, and home to the Catatumbo lightning phenomenon. Each day I would celebrate the 28 strikes per minute that grace the area. I would appreciate its majesty while cooking dinner barefoot in the kitchen. The constant crackle of sheet lightning streaking the star sprinkled night sky would be my lullaby, lying in bed with my eyes open and covers strewn. I would mull over a hardcopy of the local newspaper, doing the crossword puzzle en Español to the delicious strikes of relámpago that give me a delirious, heady rush. My attraction to this dangerous, untamable beast from the heavens confounds me. The pressure change in the air sucks logical thinking out the window. I cling to my memory of lightning, each a perfect experience charred into the fibers of my being. My first kiss happened during a lightning storm, behind my Little Gems Preschool classmate’s couch. We hid during the great thunderclaps, squatted in the thick shag carpet looking at each other in great anticipation of the next strike. With the sound of pattering raindrops on the wood deck audible through the sliding glass door’s screen, Joshua leaned Schlepp 2 forward for a kiss that tasted like the artificial cheese crackers we had snacked on.
    [Show full text]
  • Deirdre Smith CV
    Deirdre Smith Department of Geography and Anthropology Louisiana State University 151 Howe-Russell Geoscience Complex, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 [email protected] – (714) 582-9236 EDUCATION [2020] Ph.D.—Geography and Anthropology. Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. [2016] M.S.—Geography and Anthropology. Louisiana State University. Baton Rouge, Louisiana [2011] B.S.—Geography and Anthropology. California State Polytechnic University, Pomona. Pomona, California. TEACHING APPOINTMENTS Full-Time Instructor [2020/21] Louisiana State University Physical Geography: Land and Water Surfaces, Plant and Animal Realms Human Geography: Africa and Asia (2) Human Geography: Americas and Europe Instructor of Record [Fall, 2018] Louisiana State University Human Geography of Africa and Asia Teaching Assistantships [Spring, 2016] Louisiana State University Physical Geography and Atmosphere [Spring, 2015] Louisiana State University GIS: Graduate Lab Assistant [Summer, 2010] California State Polytechnic University, Pomona English-language immersion: Eastern China Curriculum Vitae Deirdre Smith 1 RESEARCH ACTIVITIES Graduate Research [2016-2020] Louisiana State University NASA EPSCoR project: “TETRA-II: An Experiment to Study Terrestrial Gamma Flashes and the Role of Energetic Particle Acceleration in Lightning and Severe Weather Events” PI: Michael Cherry, Physics and Astronomy, LSU Advisor and Co-PI: Jill Trepanier, Geography and Anthropology, LSU Focus: Spatiotemporal and physical analysis of lightning, thunderstorms, and terrestrial gamma-ray
    [Show full text]
  • The Barí Epidemics After Contact
    Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America ISSN: 2572-3626 (online) Volume 14 | Issue 1 Article 4 4-30-2016 A Cruel Peace: The aB rí Epidemics after Contact Manuel Lizarralde Connecticut College Roberto Lizarralde Universidad Central de Venezuela Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.trinity.edu/tipiti Part of the Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Lizarralde, Manuel and Lizarralde, Roberto (2016). "A Cruel Peace: The aB rí Epidemics after Contact," Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America: Vol. 14: Iss. 1, Article 4, 44-71. Available at: http://digitalcommons.trinity.edu/tipiti/vol14/iss1/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ Trinity. It has been accepted for inclusion in Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ Trinity. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ARTICLE _____________________________________________________________________________ Cruel Peace after Contact with the Europeans and Criollos: The Barí History of Epidemics in Venezuela and Colombia Manuel Lizarralde Connecticut College, New London, CT, USA Roberto Lizarralde Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela Introduction Besides acts of violence with outsiders (Beckerman and Lizarralde 1995, R. Lizarralde 2004, M. Lizarralde 2008), the major cause of mortality among the Barí people of Venezuela was the accidental introduction of epidemic diseases, producing a tragic loss of the population in different times and locations. After the peaceful contact in 1960, this left an especially sour note since it produced a higher mortality than the violence did before.
    [Show full text]
  • Relámpago Del Catatumbo
    Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics ] (]]]]) ]]]–]]] Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jastp Characterization of the lightning activity of ‘‘Rela´mpago del Catatumbo’’ Rodrigo E. Burgesser¨ a,n, Maria G. Nicora b, Eldo E. A´ vila a a Facultad de Matema´tica, Astronomı´ayFı´sica (FaMAF), Universidad Nacional de Co´rdoba, IFEG-CONICET, Medina Allende s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, CP X5000HUA Co´rdoba, Argentina b Centro de Investigaciones en La´seres y Aplicaciones (CITEFA-CONICET), San Juan Bautista de La Salle 4397, CP B1603ALO Villa Martelli, Argentina article info abstract Article history: The ‘‘Rela´mpago del Catatumbo’’ (Catatumbo Lightning) is a phenomenon known for more than 500 Received 18 November 2011 years that occurs in Venezuela. This phenomenon occurs almost all along the year in a very small region Received in revised form of the southwest region of Maracaibo Lake and, according to the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) data, 18 January 2012 this region presents the highest lightning activity of the world. The region presents a complex Accepted 24 January 2012 topography with particular climatic conditions. The lightning activity of the region was examined using the World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) data. The results show two very localized Keywords: high-lightning activity centers: one of them is confined around [9.51N; 71.51W] over the southwest Catatumbo Lightning region of the Maracaibo Lake, and the other is around [91N; 731W] near the Colombia–Venezuela World Wide Lightning Location Network border. The lightning activity has a semiannual behavior with two maxima, one around May and Lightning Imaging Sensor another one around October.
    [Show full text]
  • The Catatumbo Lightning (Venezuela)
    Journal of Atmospheric Science Research | Volume 04 | Issue 02 | April 2021 Journal of Atmospheric Science Research https://ojs.bilpublishing.com/index.php/jasr ARTICLE Review and Microphysics of the Maximum Electricity Atmospheric Activity in the World: the Catatumbo Lightning (Venezuela) Nelson Falcón* Universidad de Carabobo, FACYT, Dpto de Física, Laboratory of Physics of the Atmosphere and Ultraterrestrial Space, Apdo. Postal 129 Avda, Bolívar Norte, Valencia 2001, Carabobo, Venezuela ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history A review of the state of knowledge and phenomenology on the site of Received: 28 December 2020 the greatest atmospheric electrical activity in the world, known as the Catatumbo Lightning, located southeast of Lake Maracaibo (Venezuela), Accepted: 22 February 2021 is presented. A microphysical model is presented to explain the charging Published Online: 21 May 2021 process through electrical displacement within the cells of the cloud, incorporating the role of the self-polarization of ice and methane molecules Keywords: as pyroelectric aerosol, which accounts for the phenomenology and is Catatumbo lightning consistent with electrification in thunderstorm. It is concluded that the pyroelectric model allows to explain the phenomenology of the rapid Atmospheric electricity discharges of the flashes in the Catatumbo lightning and could be applied in Microphysical of cloud outer planetary lightning. Aerosols Methane 1. Introduction and Overview charges cloud-cloud lightning are common in the whole region to the south of the Maracaibo lake (Venezuela) In the last decades the development of geomantic has including the deltas of the rivers Catatumbo and Brave [6-8], made possible the remote sensing of electro meteors on a where the report the highest flash rate (FDR) of the planet: global scale thanks to the lightning detection systems: the 232,52 flash km-2 years [5].
    [Show full text]
  • Newsletter on Atmospheric Electricity Vol. 22·No 2·Nov 2011
    Newsletter on Atmospheric Electricity Vol. 22·No 2·Nov 2011 INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY (IAMAS/IUGG) AGU COMMITTEE ON http://www.icae.jp AMS COMMITTEE ON ATMOSPHERIC AND SPACE ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF ATMOSPHERIC GEOSCIENCES UNION ELECTRICITY OF JAPAN Comment on the photo above: Side and top views of a rocket-triggered lightning flash on August 3, 2010, mapped by the Lightning Mapping Array of Langmuir Laboratory.VHF sources associated with positive and negative breakdown are colored in time from red (earlier) to blue (later). Positive leaders of the flash extended into the mid-level negative charge region situated between 5 to 7 km altitude. Multiple dart leaders occurred through the channel to ground, retracing the paths of positive breakdown. The figure and the caption are contributed by Harald Edens and Ken Eack, NMT Langmuir Laboratory. ANNOUNCEMENTS During the 14th ICAE conference in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil two Commission meetings were held. After a series of procedures, Oklahoma, USA has been chosen as the venue of the next ICAE conference (15th conference), which will be held in June 2014. Also during these meetings, David Sentman was elected as a new commission member. The present composition of ICAE committee is as follows: Officers: President: Zen Kawasaki (Japan, Professor of Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology) Secretary: Daohong Wang (China, Associate Professor of Gifu University of Japan) Committee Members: S. Anisimov (Russia), H. Christian (USA) , V. Cooray (Sweden), J. E.Dye (USA), M. Ishii (Japan), Z. Kawasaki (Japan), P. Krebhiel (USA), P. Laroche (France), S. Michnowski (Poland), O.
    [Show full text]
  • Mixed Claims Commission (Germany-Venezuela)
    REPORTS OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRAL AWARDS RECUEIL DES SENTENCES ARBITRALES Mixed Claims Commission (Germany-Venezuela) 1903 VOLUME X pp. 357-476 NATIONS UNIES - UNITED NATIONS Copyright (c) 2006 MIXED CLAIMS COMMISSION GERMANY-VENEZUELA CONSTITUTED UNDER THE PROTOCOLS OF 13 FEBRUARY AND 7 MAY 1903 REPORT: Jackson H. Ralston-W. T. Sherman Doyle, Venezuelan Arbi- trations of 1903, including Protocols, personnel and Rules of Commission, Opinions, and Summary of Awards, etc., published as Senate Docu- ment No. 316, Fifty-eighth Congress, second session, Washington, Government Printing Office, 1904, pp. 511-641. PROTOCOL OF FEBRUARY 13, 1903J Whereas certain differences have arisen between the United States of Venezuela and Germany in connection with the claims of German subjects against the Venezuelan Government, the undersigned, Mr. Herbert W. Bowen, duly authorized by the Government of Vene- zuela, and Baron Speck von Stemburg His Imperial German Majesty's Envoy Extra- ordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary, duly authorized by the Imperial German Government, have agreed as follows : ARTICLE I The Venezuelan Government recognize in principle the justice of the claims of German subjects presented by the Imperial German Government. ARTICLE II The German claims originating from the Venezuelan civil wars of 1898 to 1900 amount to 1,718,815.67 bolivars. The Venezuelan Government under- take to pay of said amount immediately in cash the sum of £5,500=137,500 bolivars (five thousand five hundred pounds=one hundred thirty-seven thousand five hundred bolivars) and for the payment of the rest to redeem five bills of exchange for the corresponding installments payable on the 15th of March, the 15th of April, the 15th of May, the 15th of June and the 15th of July, 1903, to the Imperial German Diplomatic Agent in Caracas.
    [Show full text]