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Antarctic Primer
Antarctic Primer By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller Designed by: Olivia Young, Aurora Expeditions October 2018 Cover image © I.Tortosa Morgan Suite 12, Level 2 35 Buckingham Street Surry Hills, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia To anyone who goes to the Antarctic, there is a tremendous appeal, an unparalleled combination of grandeur, beauty, vastness, loneliness, and malevolence —all of which sound terribly melodramatic — but which truly convey the actual feeling of Antarctica. Where else in the world are all of these descriptions really true? —Captain T.L.M. Sunter, ‘The Antarctic Century Newsletter ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 3 CONTENTS I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Guidance for Visitors to the Antarctic Antarctica’s Historic Heritage South Georgia Biosecurity II. THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT Antarctica The Southern Ocean The Continent Climate Atmospheric Phenomena The Ozone Hole Climate Change Sea Ice The Antarctic Ice Cap Icebergs A Short Glossary of Ice Terms III. THE BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Life in Antarctica Adapting to the Cold The Kingdom of Krill IV. THE WILDLIFE Antarctic Squids Antarctic Fishes Antarctic Birds Antarctic Seals Antarctic Whales 4 AURORA EXPEDITIONS | Pioneering expedition travel to the heart of nature. CONTENTS V. EXPLORERS AND SCIENTISTS The Exploration of Antarctica The Antarctic Treaty VI. PLACES YOU MAY VISIT South Shetland Islands Antarctic Peninsula Weddell Sea South Orkney Islands South Georgia The Falkland Islands South Sandwich Islands The Historic Ross Sea Sector Commonwealth Bay VII. FURTHER READING VIII. WILDLIFE CHECKLISTS ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 5 Adélie penguins in the Antarctic Peninsula I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Antarctica is the largest wilderness area on earth, a place that must be preserved in its present, virtually pristine state. -
Goddard Summer Interns
July 2004 Issue 7 Vol 1 Administrator Unveils Next Steps Of NASA Transformation NASA Transformation .......... Pg 1 Release 04-005 Community Day ................... Pg 2 Chilly Exploration ................. Pg 3 In the latest of what will be ongoing briefings, Administrator Sean O’Keefe announced a transformation of NASA’s organization structure designed to streamline the agency Get Ready to Celebrate! ....... Pg 5 and position it to better implement the Vision for Space Exploration. MESSENGER Meet Mercury ... Pg 6 In a report released last month, the President’s Commission on Implementation of e-Payroll: Employee Tips ..... Pg 7 U.S. Space Exploration Policy found, “NASA needs to transform itself into a leaner, Hands-On Learning .............. Pg 9 more focused agency by developing an organizational structure that recognizes the Supervisory Feedback ........ Pg 10 need for a more integrated approach to science requirements, management, and implementation of systems development and exploration missions.” Goddard Summer Interns .. Pg 11 Staring at the Sun Safely ... Pg 12 “Our task is to align Headquarters to eliminate the ‘stove pipes,’ promote synergy across the agency, and support the long-term exploration vision in a way that is sustainable Safety Corner-Summer Tips . Pg 13 and affordable,” said Administrator O’Keefe. “We need to take these critical steps to LWS Education ................... Pg 14 streamline the organization and create a structure that affixes clear authority and accountability.” New Explorer Schools ........ Pg 15 Presidential Awardees ....... Pg 16 This transformation fundamentally restructures NASA’s Strategic Enterprises into Mission Directorates to better align with the Vision. It also restructures Headquarters NASA Present at A&WMA .. -
Curriculum Vitae
Curriculum Vitae Michael E. Mann Pennsylvania State University, Department of Meteorology, University Park, PA 16802 Tel: (814) 863-4075; FAX (814) 865-9429; email: [email protected] website: http://www.michaelmann.net Education 1998 Ph.D. Yale University, Department of Geology & Geophysics (defended 1996) 1993 M.Phil. Yale University, Department of Geology & Geophysics 1991 M.Phil. Yale University, Department of Physics 1991 M.S. Yale University, Department of Physics 1989 A.B. (double), University of California-Berkeley, Applied Math, Physics (Honors) Honors and Awards 2014 Named Highly Cited Researcher, Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) 2014 Friend of the Planet Award, National Center for Science Education 2014 Article [Mann, M.E. et al, Northern Hemisphere Temperatures During the Past Millennium: Inferences, Uncertainties, and Limitations, Geophysical Research Letters, 26, 759-762, 1999] selected by American Geophysical Union for inclusion in GRL 40th anniversary collection. 2014 Profiled in Contemporary Authors (Gale Publishing) 2013 National Conservation Achievement Award, National Wildlife Federation 2013 Bloomberg News list of 50 Most Influential People 2013 Honorable mention, Green Book Awards, for “The Hockey Stick and the Climate Wars” 2013 Appointed Distinguished Professor, Pennsylvania State University 2013 Elected Fellow of the American Meteorological Society 2012 Hans Oeschger Medal, European Geosciences Union 2012 Elected Fellow of the American Geophysical Union 2008 Profiled in American Environmental Leaders From Colonial Times to the Present 2008 Website “RealClimate.org” (co-founded by M. Mann) chosen as one of top 15 “green” websites by Time Magazine (April 2008) 2007 Contributed (with other IPCC report authors) to the award of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize 2006 American Geophysical Union Editors’ Citation for Excellence in Refereeing (for ‘Geophysical Research Letters’) 2005 Website “RealClimate.org” (co-founded by M. -
Archaeology, Anthropology, and Interstellar Communication / Edited by Douglas A
Edited by Douglas A. Vakoch National Aeronautics and Space Administration Office of Communications Public Outreach Division History Program Office Washington, DC 2014 The NASA History Series NASA SP-2013-4413 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Archaeology, anthropology, and interstellar communication / edited by Douglas A. Vakoch. p. cm. -- (The NASA history series) “SP-2013-4413.” 1. Life on other planets. 2. Extraterrestrial anthropology. 3. Interstellar communication. 4. Exobiology. 5. Archaeoastronomy. I. Vakoch, Douglas A. QB54.A74 2012 999--dc23 2011053528 s k o w o w /eb w.nasa.gov This publication is available as a free download at http://www.nasa.gov/ebooks. ISBN 978-1-62683-013-4 90000 9 781626 830134 To Chris Neller, for her ongoing support of the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments ix List of Figures xi I. Introduction Reconstructing Distant Civilizations and Encountering Alien Cultures Douglas A. Vakoch xiii II. Historical Perspectives on SETI Chapter 1: SETI: The NASA Years John Billingham 1 Chapter 2: A Political History of NASA’s SETI Program Stephen J. Garber 23 Chapter 3: The Role of Anthropology in SETI A Historical View Steven J. Dick 49 III. Archaeological Analogues Chapter 4: A Tale of Two Analogues Learning at a Distance from the Ancient Greeks and Maya and the Problem of Deciphering Extraterrestrial Radio Transmissions Ben Finney and Jerry Bentley 65 Chapter 5: Beyond Linear B The Metasemiotic Challenge of Communication with Extraterrestrial Intelligence Richard Saint-Gelais 79 Chapter 6: Learning To Read Interstellar Message Decipherment from Archaeological and Anthropological Perspectives Kathryn E. Denning 95 v Archaeology, Anthropology, and Interstellar Communication Chapter 7: Inferring Intelligence Prehistoric and Extraterrestrial Paul K.