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KWAME NKRUMAH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, KUMASI, GHANA DESIGNS ON GLASS BEADS AS INSPIRATION FOR PACKAGING GLASS BEADS By JOSEPH OSAFO GYASI (B.A. Integrated Rural Art and Industry) A project report submitted to the Department of Integrated Rural Art and Industry in the Faculty of Art College of Art and Built Environment, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY (INTEGRATED ART) © MARCH, 2019, Department of Integrated Rural Art and Industry. The project report may not be published either in part (in scholarly, scientific or technical journals), or as a whole (as a monograph), unless permission has been obtained from the University i DECLARATION I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person, nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma at Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi or any other educational institution, except where due acknowledgment is made in the thesis. ......................................................... ................................... ..................................... Name and Index no. of student Signature Date Certified by: .......................................................... ................................... ..................................... Name (1st Supervisor) Signature Date Certified by: ........................................................... ................................... ..................................... Name (2nd Supervisor) Signature Date Certified by: .......................................................... ................................... ..................................... Name (Head of Department) Signature Date ii ABSTRACT Packaging and labelling of glass beads in Ghana leaves much to be desired which can make the products competitive on the market. Glass beads are used by nearly all the ethnic groups in Ghana but these beads are displayed without appropriate packages and labels. Designs on glass beads offer unlimited opportunities for packaging and labelling the products but are not being fully used. The research was delimited to the Koforidua Culture Centre, Koforidua which is the Eastern Regional capital of Ghana. This is because of its colossal glass beads production and patronage. This research aimed at using designs on glass beads as inspiration for packaging glass beads. To achieve this aim, the study sought to; establish the categories of glass beads at the Koforidua Culture Centre, ascertain the traditional methods for packaging the glass beads at the Koforidua Culture Centre and design and produce alternative packages for the glass beads inspired by some artistic impressions on them. In relation to this, the descriptive method of research was used and the research approach was qualitative. The main findings of the research are that glass beads are categorise in four groups, thus, same design, mixed designs, spacerless design and source of colour. Their main style of packaging glass beads is the use of plain polythene, sacks and papers. It was in this context that the researcher came out with an alternative package to mitigate the traditional method of packaging at the centre. The study recommends that, weight and/or size categorisation should be considered, traditional method of packaging should be enhanced to more advanced forms where information and specification of the content are displayed on the packages to increase patronage. The study concludes that packaging design is an indispensable promotional activity in the marketing of any product, iii and that marketers and designers of glass beads at the Koforidua Culture Centre are indispensable when it comes to knowledge on the production, names, and the history of glass beads. Packaging and labeling form part of presentation to attract customers. J. O. G. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am ceaselessly grateful to God for His grace, protection and favour that carried me through these two years of academic work. My heartfelt gratitude goes to my supervisor, Mr. Frederick A. Clement, a great instructor, who always left his busy schedules to attend to me anytime and any day. I say thank you for his enormous, generous support, guidance and inspiration. To my father Mr. Osafo Begyaben Kantanka who encouraged me to pursue this programme to the end; God richly bless him for all his great contributions toward the successful completion of my higher education. I am also very appreciative of help offered by my brother-in-law, Mr. Charles Afari. Thank you for being my greatest supporter in terms of finances and encouragement. God bless you immeasurably. Many thanks to my family, especially my sister Christiana Osafo Dede for all her support, prayers and encouragement. My profound gratitude to my dearest wife Linda Oppong for her great support, love, encouragement and help during my absence from the house. I love you dearly and appreciate you. Last but not least, I say thank you to my lovely children Osafo Asumadu Kantanka and Osafo Begyaben Kantanka Jnr. for cooperating with their mum during my absences. God richly bless you with wisdom and knowledge to fulfil your dreams. J. O. G. v TABLE OF CONTENTS Content Page DECLARATION ................................................................................................................. ii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................ iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................. v TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................... vi LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ xiii LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... xiv LIST OF PLATES ............................................................................................................ xvi CHAPTER ONE ................................................................................................................ 1 INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................. 1 Overview ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background to the Study ............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem ............................................................................................................ 2 1.3 Objectives of the Study ................................................................................................................ 3 1.4 Research Questions ...................................................................................................................... 3 1.5 Significance of the Study ............................................................................................................. 4 1.6 Delimitation of the Study ............................................................................................................ 5 1.7 Organization of Text .................................................................................................................... 5 CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................... 6 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ...................................................................... 6 vi Overview ............................................................................................................................. 6 2.1 Theoretical Framework of the Study .......................................................................................... 6 2.1.1 History and Origin of Beads (Mystic Origins) ............................................................... 6 2.1.2 African Beads .................................................................................................................. 8 2.1.3 Ghanaian Beads .............................................................................................................. 9 2.1.4 Types of Beads ............................................................................................................... 12 2.1.5 Importance and uses of Beads in Ghanaian Cultures .................................................. 13 2.1.6 Glass Beads ................................................................................................................... 14 2.1.7 Techniques for Producing Glass Beads ........................................................................ 15 2.2 Glass Beads Marketing .............................................................................................................. 19 2.3 Glazed and Painted Glass Beads ............................................................................................... 20 2.4 Production and Adding Colours to Glass Beads ...................................................................... 22 2.4.1 Ceramic Dye ................................................................................................................. 23 2.4.2 Coloured Recycled
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