The Lovelace–De Morgan Mathematical Correspondence: a Critical Re-Appraisal
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Uk Energy Storage Research Capability Document Capturing the Energy Storage Academic Research Landscape
UK ENERGY STORAGE RESEARCH CAPABILITY DOCUMENT CAPTURING THE ENERGY STORAGE ACADEMIC RESEARCH LANDSCAPE June 2016 CONTENTS CONTENTS PAGE NUMBER INTRODUCTION 5 BIOGRAPHIES Dr Ainara Aguadero, Imperial College 10 Dr Maria Alfredsson, Kent 11 Dr Daniel Auger, Cranfield 12 Dr Audrius Bagdanavicius, Leicester 13 Prof Philip Bartlett, Southampton 14 Dr Léonard Berlouis, Strathclyde 15 Dr Rohit Bhagat, Warwick 16 Dr Nuno Bimbo, Lancaster 17 Dr Frédéric Blanc, Liverpool 18 Prof Nigel Brandon, Imperial College 19 Dr Dan Brett, UCL 20 Prof Peter Bruce, Oxford 21 Dr Jonathan Busby, British Geological Survey 22 Dr Qiong Cai, Surrey 23 Prof George Chen, Nottigham 24 Prof Rui Chen, Loughborough 25 Prof Simon Clarke, Oxford 26 Dr Liana Cipcigan, Cardiff 27 Dr Paul Alexander Connor, St Andrews 28 Dr Serena Corr, Glasgow 29 Prof Bob Critoph, Warwick 30 Prof Andrew Cruden, Southampton 31 Dr Eddie Cussen, Strathclyde 32 Prof Jawwad Darr, UCL 33 Dr Prodip Das, Newcastle 34 Dr Chris Dent, Durham 35 Prof Yulong Ding, Birmingham 36 Prof Robert Dryfe, Manchester 37 Prof Stephen Duncan, Oxford 38 Dr Siân Dutton, Cambridge 39 Dr David Evans, British Geological Survey 40 Prof Stephen Fletcher, Loughborough 41 3 UK Energy Superstore Research Capability Document CONTENTS CONTENTS Dr Rupert Gammon, De Montfort University 42 Dr Nuria Garcia-Araez, Southampton 43 Prof Seamus Garvey, Nottingham 44 Dr Monica Giulietti, Cambridge 45 Prof Bartek A. Glowacki, Cambridge 46 Prof David Grant, Nottingham 47 Prof Patrick Grant, Oxford 48 Prof Richard Green, Imperial College 49 -
The Cambridge Mathematical Journal and Its Descendants: the Linchpin of a Research Community in the Early and Mid-Victorian Age ✩
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Historia Mathematica 31 (2004) 455–497 www.elsevier.com/locate/hm The Cambridge Mathematical Journal and its descendants: the linchpin of a research community in the early and mid-Victorian Age ✩ Tony Crilly ∗ Middlesex University Business School, Hendon, London NW4 4BT, UK Received 29 October 2002; revised 12 November 2003; accepted 8 March 2004 Abstract The Cambridge Mathematical Journal and its successors, the Cambridge and Dublin Mathematical Journal,and the Quarterly Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, were a vital link in the establishment of a research ethos in British mathematics in the period 1837–1870. From the beginning, the tension between academic objectives and economic viability shaped the often precarious existence of this line of communication between practitioners. Utilizing archival material, this paper presents episodes in the setting up and maintenance of these journals during their formative years. 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Résumé Dans la période 1837–1870, le Cambridge Mathematical Journal et les revues qui lui ont succédé, le Cambridge and Dublin Mathematical Journal et le Quarterly Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, ont joué un rôle essentiel pour promouvoir une culture de recherche dans les mathématiques britanniques. Dès le début, la tension entre les objectifs intellectuels et la rentabilité économique marqua l’existence, souvent précaire, de ce moyen de communication entre professionnels. Sur la base de documents d’archives, cet article présente les épisodes importants dans la création et l’existence de ces revues. 2004 Elsevier Inc. -
Preface Volume 23, Issue 3
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science www.elsevier.com/locate/entcs Preface Volume 23, Issue 3 Alessandro Armando and Tudor Jebelean Abstract AbstractThis volume contains the Proceedings of Calculemus 99, a satellite workshop of CADE 16: “Computer Aided Deduction”, itself a part of FLoC 99: “Federated Logic Conference”. The workshop addressed the problem of combining the reasoning capabilities of Deduction Systems and the computational power of Computer Algebra Systems. This topic is of particular interest since both Deduction Systems and Computer Algebra Systems are receiving growing at- tention from industry and academia. On the one hand, Mathematical Software Systems have been commercially very successful: their use is now wide-spread in industry, education, and in scientific contexts. On the other hand, the use of formal methods in hardware and software development makes Deduction Systems indispensable not least because of the complexity and sheer size of the reasoning tasks involved. In spite of these successes there is still need for improvement as many application domains still fall outside the scope of existing Deduction Systems and Computer Al- gebra Systems. The emphasis of the workshop was on whether existing systems and technologies can be integrated as they stand or if a fundamental redesign is necessary. The proceedings contain contributions from some of the most important scientific groups in- volved in research and applications of automatic deduction and symbolic computation. The 11 papers selected by the programme committee and the two invited talks address various aspects related to the combination of deduction systems and computer algebra systems, including case studies and results from applications. -
“A Valuable Monument of Mathematical Genius”\Thanksmark T1: the Ladies' Diary (1704–1840)
Historia Mathematica 36 (2009) 10–47 www.elsevier.com/locate/yhmat “A valuable monument of mathematical genius” ✩: The Ladies’ Diary (1704–1840) Joe Albree ∗, Scott H. Brown Auburn University, Montgomery, USA Available online 24 December 2008 Abstract Our purpose is to view the mathematical contribution of The Ladies’ Diary as a whole. We shall range from the state of mathe- matics in England at the beginning of the 18th century to the transformations of the mathematics that was published in The Diary over 134 years, including the leading role The Ladies’ Diary played in the early development of British mathematics periodicals, to finally an account of how progress in mathematics and its journals began to overtake The Diary in Victorian Britain. © 2008 Published by Elsevier Inc. Résumé Notre but est de voir la contribution mathématique du Journal de Lady en masse. Nous varierons de l’état de mathématiques en Angleterre au début du dix-huitième siècle aux transformations des mathématiques qui a été publié dans le Journal plus de 134 ans, en incluant le principal rôle le Journal de Lady joué dans le premier développement de périodiques de mathématiques britanniques, à finalement un compte de comment le progrès dans les mathématiques et ses journaux a commencé à dépasser le Journal dans l’Homme de l’époque victorienne la Grande-Bretagne. © 2008 Published by Elsevier Inc. Keywords: 18th century; 19th century; Other institutions and academies; Bibliographic studies 1. Introduction Arithmetical Questions are as entertaining and delightful as any other Subject whatever, they are no other than Enigmas, to be solved by Numbers; . -
Job Description and Person Specificationselection Criteria
MATHEMATICAL INSTITUTE ANDREW WILES BUILDING Job Description and Selection Criteria Postdoctoral Research Assistant in history and impact of Job title mathematics and theory of computing Division Mathematical, Physical and Life Sciences Department Mathematical Institute Andrew Wiles Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Location Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG. Grade and salary Grade 7: salary £32,236 - £39,609 Hours Full time Contract type 2 years Fixed-term Reporting to Dr Christopher Hollings and Professor Ursula Martin Vacancy reference 142099 This is a full-time position that cannot be held concurrently with any other substantive post without the explicit permission of the Head of Department. This position is subject to a 9 month probationary period. Additional information This position is funded by EPSRC. (PLEASE NOTE: Applicants are responsible for contacting their referees and making sure that their letters are received by the closing date) The Role We invite applications for a Postdoctoral Research Assistant position to work with Dr Christopher Hollings and Professor Ursula Martin of the Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, on an exciting new project to understand and model the long-term development and impact of mathematics or computing research. The postholder will be based in the History of Mathematics group in Oxford, led by Dr Christopher Hollings, who will be the immediate supervisor for this project. It is part of a multi- disciplinary EPSRC Fellowship, held by Professor Ursula Martin, Professor in the School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, and Visiting Professor in the Oxford Mathematical Institute. The fellowship investigates the broader cultural context for the creation and impact of mathematical research, through this project in Oxford, and complementary projects in Edinburgh, on the deployment of new proof techniques in mathematics and computer science, and the evaluation of research impacts. -
The Future of Computing – a Vision
The Future of Computing—Visions and Reflections Ann Light e-Horizons Project of the Oxford Internet Institute and Oxford e-Research Centre Forum organisers: Ann Blandford University College London Marina Jirotka University of Oxford Ursula Martin Queen Mary University of London William H. Dutton Oxford Internet Institute (OII) OII / e-Horizons Forum Discussion Paper No. 11 Oxford Internet Institute University of Oxford 1 St Giles Oxford OX12 3JS United Kingdom August 2007 This paper is a summary of an e-Horizons forum ‘The Future of Computing: A Vision’ of the Oxford Internet Institute, Oxford e-Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, and University College London, held at Newnham College, Cambridge, on 29-30 March 2007. The organizers thank the speakers and participants for their contributions to the engaging conversation captured in the following pages. They are particularly grateful to the James Martin 21st Century School at the University of Oxford and Women@CL for their support of this event. Dedication “Computing is too important to be left to men” Karen Spärck Jones, FBA Emeritus Professor of Computers and Information Honorary Fellow of Wolfson College 26 August 1935 - 4 April 2007 Karen was to give a talk at the forum but felt too unwell to attend. It was with great sorrow that, days later, we learnt of her death. She will be greatly missed. Obituary by Yorick Wilks: http://nlp.shef.ac.uk/KSJ.doc Ann Light ‘The Future of Computing: A Vision’ was a senior women’s forum, organised by The e- Horizons Institute (University of Oxford) and Women@CL. -
Explanations
© Copyright, Princeton University Press. No part of this book may be distributed, posted, or reproduced in any form by digital or mechanical means without prior written permission of the publisher. CHAPTER 1 Explanations 1.1 SALLIES Language is an instrument of Logic, but not an indispensable instrument. Boole 1847a, 118 We know that mathematicians care no more for logic than logicians for mathematics. The two eyes of exact science are mathematics and logic; the mathematical sect puts out the logical eye, the logical sect puts out the mathematical eye; each believing that it sees better with one eye than with two. De Morgan 1868a,71 That which is provable, ought not to be believed in science without proof. Dedekind 1888a, preface If I compare arithmetic with a tree that unfolds upwards in a multitude of techniques and theorems whilst the root drives into the depthswx . Frege 1893a, xiii Arithmetic must be discovered in just the same sense in which Columbus discovered the West Indies, and we no more create numbers than he created the Indians. Russell 1903a, 451 1.2 SCOPE AND LIMITS OF THE BOOK 1.2.1 An outline history. The story told here from §3 onwards is re- garded as well known. It begins with the emergence of set theory in the 1870s under the inspiration of Georg Cantor, and the contemporary development of mathematical logic by Gottlob Frege andŽ. especially Giuseppe Peano. A cumulation of these and some related movements was achieved in the 1900s with the philosophy of mathematics proposed by Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell. -
Richard Von Mises's Philosophy of Probability and Mathematics
“A terrible piece of bad metaphysics”? Towards a history of abstraction in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century probability theory, mathematics and logic Lukas M. Verburgt If the true is what is grounded, then the ground is neither true nor false LUDWIG WITTGENSTEIN Whether all grow black, or all grow bright, or all remain grey, it is grey we need, to begin with, because of what it is, and of what it can do, made of bright and black, able to shed the former , or the latter, and be the latter or the former alone. But perhaps I am the prey, on the subject of grey, in the grey, to delusions SAMUEL BECKETT “A terrible piece of bad metaphysics”? Towards a history of abstraction in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century probability theory, mathematics and logic ACADEMISCH PROEFSCHRIFT ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit van Amsterdam op gezag van de Rector Magnificus prof. dr. D.C. van den Boom ten overstaan van een door het College voor Promoties ingestelde commissie in het openbaar te verdedigen in de Agnietenkapel op donderdag 1 oktober 2015, te 10:00 uur door Lukas Mauve Verburgt geboren te Amersfoort Promotiecommissie Promotor: Prof. dr. ir. G.H. de Vries Universiteit van Amsterdam Overige leden: Prof. dr. M. Fisch Universitat Tel Aviv Dr. C.L. Kwa Universiteit van Amsterdam Dr. F. Russo Universiteit van Amsterdam Prof. dr. M.J.B. Stokhof Universiteit van Amsterdam Prof. dr. A. Vogt Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Faculteit der Geesteswetenschappen © 2015 Lukas M. Verburgt Graphic design Aad van Dommelen (Witvorm) -
AUGUSTUS DE MORGAN and the LOGIC of RELATIONS the New Synthese Historical Library Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy
AUGUSTUS DE MORGAN AND THE LOGIC OF RELATIONS The New Synthese Historical Library Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy VOLUME 38 Series Editor: NORMAN KRETZMANN, Cornell University Associate Editors: DANIEL ELLIOT GARBER, University of Chicago SIMO KNUUTTILA, University of Helsinki RICHARD SORABJI, University of London Editorial Consultants: JAN A. AERTSEN, Free University, Amsterdam ROGER ARIEW, Virginia Polytechnic Institute E. JENNIFER ASHWORTH, University of Waterloo MICHAEL AYERS, Wadham College, Oxford GAIL FINE, Cornell University R. J. HANKINSON, University of Texas JAAKKO HINTIKKA, Boston University, Finnish Academy PAUL HOFFMAN, Massachusetts Institute of Technology DAVID KONSTAN, Brown University RICHARD H. KRAUT, University of Illinois, Chicago ALAIN DE LIBERA, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Sorbonne DAVID FATE NORTON, McGill University LUCA OBERTELLO, Universita degli Studi di Genova ELEONORE STUMP, Virginia Polytechnic Institute ALLEN WOOD, Cornell University The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume. DANIEL D. MERRILL Department of Philosophy, Oberlin College, USA AUGUSTUS DE MORGAN AND THE LOGIC OF RELATIONS KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS DORDRECHT I BOSTON I LONDON Library of Congress Cataloging. in·Publication Data Merrill, Daniel D. (Daniel Davy) Augustus De Morgan and the lOglC of relations / Daniel D. Merril. p. cm. -- <The New synthese historical library; 38) 1. De Morgan, Augustus, 1806-1871--Contributions in logic of relations. 2. Inference. 3. Syllogism. 4. Logic, Symbolic and mathematical--History--19th cenTury. I. Title. II. Series. BC185.M47 1990 160' .92--dc20 90-34935 ISBN·13: 978·94·010·7418·6 e-ISBN -13: 978-94-009-2047-7 DOl: 10.1007/978-94-009-2047-7 Published by Kluwer Academic Publishers, P.O. -
How Peircean Was the “'Fregean' Revolution” in Logic?
HOW PEIRCEAN WAS THE “‘FREGEAN’ REVOLUTION” IN LOGIC? Irving H. Anellis Peirce Edition, Institute for American Thought Indiana University – Purdue University at Indianapolis Indianapolis, IN, USA [email protected] Abstract. The historiography of logic conceives of a Fregean revolution in which modern mathematical logic (also called symbolic logic) has replaced Aristotelian logic. The preeminent expositors of this conception are Jean van Heijenoort (1912–1986) and Don- ald Angus Gillies. The innovations and characteristics that comprise mathematical logic and distinguish it from Aristotelian logic, according to this conception, created ex nihlo by Gottlob Frege (1848–1925) in his Begriffsschrift of 1879, and with Bertrand Rus- sell (1872–1970) as its chief This position likewise understands the algebraic logic of Augustus De Morgan (1806–1871), George Boole (1815–1864), Charles Sanders Peirce (1838–1914), and Ernst Schröder (1841–1902) as belonging to the Aristotelian tradi- tion. The “Booleans” are understood, from this vantage point, to merely have rewritten Aristotelian syllogistic in algebraic guise. The most detailed listing and elaboration of Frege’s innovations, and the characteristics that distinguish mathematical logic from Aristotelian logic, were set forth by van Heijenoort. I consider each of the elements of van Heijenoort’s list and note the extent to which Peirce had also developed each of these aspects of logic. I also consider the extent to which Peirce and Frege were aware of, and may have influenced, one another’s logical writings. AMS (MOS) 2010 subject classifications: Primary: 03-03, 03A05, 03C05, 03C10, 03G27, 01A55; secondary: 03B05, 03B10, 03E30, 08A20; Key words and phrases: Peirce, abstract algebraic logic; propositional logic; first-order logic; quantifier elimina- tion, equational classes, relational systems §0. -
Interactions Between PVS and Maple in Symbolic Analysis of Control Systems
Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science 151 (2006) 111–125 www.elsevier.com/locate/entcs Interactions Between PVS and Maple in Symbolic Analysis of Control Systems Ruth Hardy1 ,2 School of Computer Science University of St Andrews St Andrews, Scotland Abstract This paper presents a decision procedure for problems relating polynomial and transcendental functions. The procedure applies to functions that are continuously differentiable with a finite number of points of inflection in a closed convex set. It decides questions of the form ‘is f ∼ 0?’, where ∼∈ {=,>,<}. An implementation of the procedure in Maple and PVS exploits the existing Maple, PVS and QEPCAD connections. It is at present limited to those twice differentiable functions whose derivatives are rational functions (rationally differentiable). This procedure is particularly applicable to the analysis of control systems in determining important properties such as stability. Keywords: reliable mathematics, formal methods, quantifier elimination, control systems, Maple-PVS, QEPCAD 1 Introduction Many problems in the fields of mathematics, computer science and control en- gineering can be reduced to decision and quantifier elimination problems [7], [14], [20], often involving trigonometric and transcendental functions; prob- lems such as algebraic surface intersection and display; robot motion planning 1 Thanks go to Ursula Martin and Richard Boulton for their help and guidance, especially in the early stages of this work, also to Roy Dyckhoff and Steve Linton for their continuing help and guidance. Additional thanks go to John Hall, Rick Hyde and Yoge Patel for sharing their insights into control engineering, and to Rob Arthan, Tom Kelsey and Colin O’Halloran for many helpful discussions. -
Mathematical Language and Mathematical Progress by Eberhard Knobloch
Mathematical language and mathematical progress By Eberhard Knobloch In 1972 the space probe Pioneer 10 was launched, carrying a plaque which contains the first message of mankind to leave our solar system1: The space probe is represented by a circular segment and a rectangle designed on the same scale as that of the man and the woman. This is not true of the solar system: sun and planets are represented by small circles and points. We do not know whether there are other intelligent beings living on stars in the universe, or whether they will even understand the message. But the non-verbal, the symbolical language of geometry seemed to be more appropriate than any other language. The grammar of any ordinary language is so complicated that still every computer breaks down with regards to it. 1 Karl Märker, "Sind wir allein im Weltall? Kosmos und Leben", in: Astronomie im Deutschen Museum, Planeten - Sterne - Welteninseln, hrsg. von Gerhard Hartl, Karl Märker, Jürgen Teichmann, Gudrun Wolfschmidt (München: Deutsches Museum, 1993), p. 217. [We reproduce the image of the plaque from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pioneer_plaque ; Karine Chemla] 1 The famous Nicholas Bourbaki wrote in 19482: "It is the external form which the mathematician gives to his thought, the vehicle which makes it accessible to others, in short, the language suited to mathematics; this is all, no further significance should be attached to it". Bourbaki added: "To lay down the rules of this language, to set up its vocabulary and to clarify its syntax, all that is indeed extremely useful." But it was only the least interesting aspect of the axiomatic method for him.