DOCSLIB.ORG

Filling Gaps in the Full Annual Cycle of the Black-Crowned Night-Heron (Nycticorax Nycticorax)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Filling Gaps in the Full Annual Cycle of the Black-Crowned Night-Heron (Nycticorax Nycticorax) Filling gaps in the full annual cycle of the Black-crowned Night-Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Kristie A. Stein, B.S. Graduate Program in Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State University 2018 Thesis Committee: Christopher Tonra, Advisor Jacqueline Augustine Suzanne Gray Laura Kearns Copyrighted by Kristie A. Stein 2018 Abstract Migratory birds carry out different stages of their life cycle in geographically disparate locations complicating our ability to track individuals over time. However, the importance of connecting these stages is underscored by evidence that processes occurring in one stage can influence performance in subsequent stages. Over half of migratory species in North America are declining, and it follows that understanding the factors limiting population growth is a major focus of current avian conservation. Globally, Black-crowned Night-Herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) are common and widespread, but populations across the Great Lakes region in long-term decline. Within Ohio, Black-crowned Night-Herons historically nested at 19 colonies but currently occupy only five of those sites. The largest colony, West Sister Island, represents an important breeding area for many species of wading birds and currently hosts the majority of the night-heron breeding population in Ohio. The number of nesting pairs at West Sister Island has been monitored since the 1970s, but little is known about the population outside of the breeding season. My research is the first to examine multiple stages of the full annual cycle of Black-crowned Night-Herons. My overall objectives were twofold: (1) to examine how conditions experienced in the nest carry over to influence survival during the post-fledging period and (2) to describe the migratory behavior and nonbreeding ecology of Black-crowned Night-Herons. To examine rates of reproductive success, I monitored Black-crowned Night- Heron nests at two mixed-species breeding colonies in Lake Erie. I found that nest ii success rates were high in relation to breeding colonies in other parts of the range and predation events were uncommon. Additionally, I identified potential limiting factors to individual nestlings by confirming that youngest nestlings within a brood are at a disadvantage in terms of growth rates, as those with slow growth were also less likely to survive to fledging. Black-crowned Night-Herons that occupied nests higher in the canopy produced more offspring to fledging. I utilized an automated telemetry array in Ohio and Michigan to track post-fledging movements and survival. I did not find evidence that carry over effects were present from pre- to post-fledging, but female birds experienced higher mortality rates compared to males during the six months following fledging. Aside from a small number of recoveries of banded birds, little information exists on the migratory or stationary nonbreeding portions of the annual cycle of Black-crowned Night-Herons. To measure movements throughout the annual cycle, I deployed satellite transmitters on adult night-herons during the post-breeding season. All Black-crowned Night-Herons exhibited migratory movements and two strategies were evident, where the total duration of migration was greatly influenced by the time spent at stopover locations. These different strategies indicated that stopover habitat requirements vary between individuals during both autumn and spring migration. Migratory routes followed the same general patterns in autumn and spring. The majority of Black-crowned Night-Herons spent the nonbreeding season in the southeastern United States, but the spread of locations spanned five countries. Unlike many migratory species, where the nonbreeding period is characterized by stationary behavior, Black-crowned Night-Herons made large iii scale movements during the nonbreeding period, relocating up to 902 km from one home range to the next. The information that our research has provided fills large gaps in our knowledge of the full annual cycle and can be used to inform conservation planning both within Ohio and in other declining populations. iv Acknowledgments Funding for this research was provided by the Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Program (W-134-P, Wildlife Management in Ohio), jointly administered by the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service and the Ohio Division of Wildlife. Thank you to Ohio’s sportsmen and -women for contributing to wildlife conservation in Ohio. Most importantly, thanks to my advisor, Dr. Chris Tonra, for taking me on as a student and for your guidance, encouragement, and friendship throughout the years. Your confidence in me gave me space to learn and grow as a scientist. Thank you to my committee for your constant support and insight, and thank you to Dr. Jackie Augustine for your willingness to join the team late in the process. I am incredibly grateful to my fellow Tonra Lab mates – Liz Ames, Jay Wright, Alicia Brunner, and Jo Kingsbury – I could not have done this without your support and kindness. And to all the TWEL graduate students, especially Jim Hansen and Phil Gould, for your friendship and advice. Thanks to Kate Donlon for her time and patience with genetic sexing analysis. Thank you to SENR and TWEL for providing the opportunity of funding for conference travel, allowing me to share my research with the broader scientific community. I extend a huge amount of gratitude to my wonderful field technicians, Kiera Kauffman, Emily Scott, Megan Kruse, and Sam Saunders for all their hard work and dedication to this research. Thank you to the many volunteers that helped with nest monitoring at the breeding colonies, especially Liz Ames, Jay Wright, Alicia Brunner, Jim Hansen, Bruce Buckingham, Patricia Rodrigues, Anna Crouser, Brendan Woodall, v Sarah Zaleski, Mike Picciuto, Nicole Hengst, and Trey McClinton – for your willingness to get puked on for science. Thanks to Dave Sherman for advice on capture techniques and for assisting with night-heron capture in my absence. I am extremely grateful to everyone at Winous Point Marsh Conservancy, especially John and Becky Simpson for providing housing and fieldwork support. Thanks to Brendan Shirkey for training in capture and transmitter attachment techniques. To the staff at Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Black Swamp Bird Observatory including Ron Huffman, Jim Schott, Pat Baranowski, Joe Barber, Greg Norwood, Tammy Giroux, Eddy Pausch, and Dave Sherman for allowing access to field sites and other logistical support, especially for facilitating trips out to the islands. Lastly, I owe much to my family for their endless encouragement during my time in Ohio. Thank you, mom for always being my biggest supporter, and for sending me care packages when I forgot what jambalaya tasted like; and thank you, dad for instilling your love and appreciation of nature in me. I will carry it with me always. vi Vita Education May 2009…………………………………....Diploma, Archbishop Chapelle High School Metairie, LA May 2013……………………………………B.S. Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA Professional Experience Jan 2016 - present…………………………...Graduate Research Assistant, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH Aug 2015 to Nov 2015……….……………..Field Biologist, University of British Columbia, Peru Jul 2015 – Aug 2015………………………..Research Assistant, The Ohio State University, OH Apr 2015 – Jun 2015………………………..Field Biologist, University of Minnesota, Northeastern US Jan 2015 – Feb 2015………………………...Field Biologist, Auburn University, AL Sept 2014 – Dec 2014……………………….Field Biologist, McMaster University, Puerto Rico, US May 2014 – Aug 2014………………………Field Biologist, Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center, IN Sept 2013 – Nov 2013.……………………...Americorps Intern, US Fish and Wildlife vii Service, MS May 2013 – Aug 2013…..…………………..MAPS Bird Bander, Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, LA May 2012 – May 2013……………………...Undergraduate Researcher, Entomology Department, Louisiana State University, LA Jan 2012 – May 2013…………………….....Soybean Entomology Lab Assistant, Louisiana State University, LA May 2011 – Dec 2011……………………....Forest Entomology Lab Assistant, Louisiana State University, LA Fields of Study Major Field: Environment and Natural Resources Specialization: Fisheries and Wildlife Science viii Table of Contents Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………...ii Acknowledgments………………………………………………………………………..iv Vita……………………………………………………………………………………….vi Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………..viii List of Tables……………………………………………………………………………...x List of Figures…………………………………………………………………………...xiii Chapter 1: Ecological correlates of growth and survival in juvenile Black-crowned Night- Herons (Nycticorax nycticorax)…………………………………………………………...1 Introduction………………………………………………………………………..1 Methods……………………………………………………………………………5 Results……………………………………………………………………………12 Discussion………………………………………………………………………..15 Chapter 2: Migration strategies and nonbreeding ecology of Black-crowned Night- Herons (Nycticorax nycticorax)……….…………………………………………………38 Introduction………………………………………………………………………38 Methods…………………………………………………………………………..43 Results……………………………………………………………………………48 Discussion………………………………………………………………………..52 Chapter 3: Conservation and Management Implications………………………………...71 Literature Cited…………………………………………………………………………..77 ix Appendix A: Chapter
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Grey Heron
    Bird Life The Grey Heron t is quite likely that if someone points out a grey heron to you, I you will remember it the next time you see it. The grey heron is a tall bird, usually about 80cm to 1m in height and is common to inland waterways and coasts. Though the grey heron has a loud “fraank” call, it can most often be seen standing silently in shallow water with its long neck outstretched, watching the water for any sign of movement. The grey heron is usually found on its own, although some may feed close together. Their main food is fish, but they will take small mammals, insects, frogs and even young birds. Because of their habit of occasionally taking young birds, herons are not always popular and are often driven away from a feeding area by intensive mobbing. Mobbing is when smaller birds fly aggressively at their predator, in this case the heron, in order to defend their nests or their lives. Like all herons, grey herons breed in a colony called a heronry. They mostly nest in tall trees and bushes, but sometimes they nest on the ground or on ledge of rock by the sea. Nesting starts in February,when the birds perform elaborate displays and make noisy callings. They lay between 3-5 greenish-blue eggs, often stained white by the birds’ droppings. Once hatched, the young © Illustration: Audrey Murphy make continuous squawking noises as they wait to be fed by their parents. And though it doesn’t sound too pleasant, the parent Latin Name: Ardea cinerea swallows the food and brings it up again at the nest, where the Irish Name: Corr réisc young put their bills right inside their parents mouth in order to Colour: Grey back, white head and retrieve it! neck, with a black crest on head.
    [Show full text]
  • OBSERVATIONS on a GREAT EGRET Ardea Alba and NANKEEN NIGHT HERON Nycticorax Caledonicus COLONY at the PERTH ZOO, WESTERN AUSTRALIA
    Corella, 2004, 28(3): 82-86 OBSERVATIONS ON A GREAT EGRET Ardea alba AND NANKEEN NIGHT HERON Nycticorax caledonicus COLONY AT THE PERTH ZOO, WESTERN AUSTRALIA ROBYN L. PHILLIMORE' and HARRY F. RECHER2 'School of Natural Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia 6027 email: [email protected]: [email protected] 'Corresponding author. Present address: P.O. Box 154, Brooklyn, New South Wales, Australia 2083 Received: I I Augusr 2003 A colony of Great Egrets Ardea alba and Nankeen Night Herons Nycticorax caledonicus has existed at the Perth Zoo, Western Australia for over 25 years. The colony of egrets is one of very few in the region and hence is significant for the conservation and management of Great Egrets in Western Australia. From 1996 to 1998, surveys were conducted to determine the number of breeding pairs, clutch size, breeding success, and nest site selection of birds in the colony. Most observations were ground based, but a 30-metre cherry picker was used to inspect nests and determine clutch size. One hundred and thirty night heron and 49 egret nests were found in 1996; 92 night heron and 41 egret nests in 1997; and, 153 night heron and 36 egret nests in 1998. Nesting commenced in September, with peak numbers in early November. Both species nested in tall trees well above zoo visitors and animals. Egrets nested only in pines, whereas night herons nested mainly in figs. Great Egrets had an average clutch size of 2.6-2.7 by early November compared with a clutch of 1.6-1.8 for Nankeen Night Herons.
    [Show full text]
  • A Guide to the Birds of Barrow Island
    A Guide to the Birds of Barrow Island Operated by Chevron Australia This document has been printed by a Sustainable Green Printer on stock that is certified carbon in joint venture with neutral and is Forestry Stewardship Council (FSC) mix certified, ensuring fibres are sourced from certified and well managed forests. The stock 55% recycled (30% pre consumer, 25% post- Cert no. L2/0011.2010 consumer) and has an ISO 14001 Environmental Certification. ISBN 978-0-9871120-1-9 Gorgon Project Osaka Gas | Tokyo Gas | Chubu Electric Power Chevron’s Policy on Working in Sensitive Areas Protecting the safety and health of people and the environment is a Chevron core value. About the Authors Therefore, we: • Strive to design our facilities and conduct our operations to avoid adverse impacts to human health and to operate in an environmentally sound, reliable and Dr Dorian Moro efficient manner. • Conduct our operations responsibly in all areas, including environments with sensitive Dorian Moro works for Chevron Australia as the Terrestrial Ecologist biological characteristics. in the Australasia Strategic Business Unit. His Bachelor of Science Chevron strives to avoid or reduce significant risks and impacts our projects and (Hons) studies at La Trobe University (Victoria), focused on small operations may pose to sensitive species, habitats and ecosystems. This means that we: mammal communities in coastal areas of Victoria. His PhD (University • Integrate biodiversity into our business decision-making and management through our of Western Australia)
    [Show full text]
  • California Red-Legged Frog (Rana Aurora Draytonii)
    AMPHIBIANS California Red-Legged Frog (Rana aurora draytonii) California Red-Legged Frog (Rana aurora draytonii) Status State: Meets requirements as a “rare, threatened or endangered species” under CEQA Federal: Threatened Critical Habitat: Designated in 2001 (USFWS 2001) but rescinded in 2002 by court order except for one unit in the Sierra Nevada; proposed again in 2004 (USFWS 2004) Population Trend Global: State endemic; declining State: Declining Within Inventory Area: Apparently stable in some areas Data Characterization The location database for the California red-legged frog (Rana aurora draytonii) within its known range in California includes 419 data records dated from 1919 to 2001. Of these records, 344 were documented within the past 10 years; of these, 203 are of high precision and may be accurately located within the inventory area. Approximately 81 of these high-precision records are located within or near the inventory area. These records occur within non-native grassland, riparian forest, riparian woodland, riparian scrub, freshwater marsh, and wetland. A moderate amount of literature is available regarding the California red-legged frog because of its threatened status and the recent trend in global decline in amphibians. Most of the literature pertains to habitat requirements, population trends, ecological relationships, threats, and conservation efforts. A final recovery plan for the California red-legged frog has been published by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (2002). Range The historical range of the California red-legged frog extended along the coast from the vicinity of Point Reyes National Seashore, Marin County, California and inland from Redding, Shasta County southward to northwestern Baja California, Mexico (Jennings and Hayes 1985, Hayes and Krempels 1986).
    [Show full text]
  • Black-Crowned Night-Heron (Nycticorax Nycticorax) William C
    Black-crowned Night-Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) William C. Scharf Status: Special Concern (MNFI) Detroit Zoo, MI. 6/11/2008 © Joan Tisdale (Click to view a comparison of Atlas I to II) Known by the elegant black and white of its Distribution Black-crowned Night-Herons in Michigan adult plumage and its red-eyed stare, the Black- historically have had their colonies along the crowned Night-Heron is a voracious and shores and islands of Lake Erie, the Detroit stealthy predator of fish, frogs, mice, and River, Lake St. Clair and Lake Huron with new especially young gulls, terns and other birds. colonies since Scharf (1998) expanding into Many potential prey animals should heed its northern Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, the St. “quawk” call in the night. A widespread species, Marys River and eastern Lake Superior. They it is found nesting on every continent except seek nesting on islands or other similar insulated Australia and Antarctica (Davis 1993). They are spots protected from predators. Twelve breeding colonial breeders, and are often found breeding colonies were documented on the Great Lakes and foraging with other species of herons as islands or along the shoreline of the NLP and well as other species of colonial nesting UP during MBBA II. This seems to indicate an waterbirds. increase in northward nesting for this species. A noteworthy coincident change has been that new Suitable wetland habitat for nesting and colonies established in Ontario are northward of foraging influences Black-crowned Night Heron the traditional nesting areas by 72 km (48 mi) distribution. Sites of Black-crowned Night (Cadman 2007).
    [Show full text]
  • The First Breeding Record of Glossy Ibises Plegadis Falcinellus for Cyprus MICHAEL MILTIADOU
    The first breeding record of Glossy Ibises Plegadis falcinellus for Cyprus MICHAEL MILTIADOU The Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus is a common passage migrant in Cyprus particularly during spring, (Feb) Mar–May, with smaller numbers staging at the wetlands in autumn, Aug–Sep (Oct). Large flocks migrate off the coast of Cyprus during autumn (Flint & Stewart 1992). Migrating flocks of the species are usually observed flying around the coast or over-flying the island but during wet springs, when coastal wetlands are waterlogged, these flocks might stage for a week or more. However, ten pairs of Glossy Ibises were observed nesting at the Ayios Lucas lake heronry, Famagusta, April–July 2010, the first breeding record for Cyprus (Miltiadou 2010). Although only a small percentage of the global population of Glossy Ibises breeds in Europe that population has exhibited a moderate decline and is evaluated by BirdLife International as a ‘Species of European Concern, Declining’ (Burfield & van Bommel 2004). It breeds in three eastern Mediterranean countries around Cyprus: Turkey (500–1000 pairs), Greece (150–200 pairs) and Israel (c300 pairs) (Cramp & Simmons 1978, Burfield & van Bommel 2004). Ayios Lucas lake (Plate 1), aka Famagusta Freshwater lake, is a lake that was created by damming part of a seasonal lake basin situated on the northwest side of Famagusta city at Limni, and is bordered on the north by the Nicosia–Famagusta motorway. It is part of a seasonal flood plain that opens into a brackish delta created by the joining of the Pediaeos and Yialias intermittent rivers. The delta spreads between Famagusta and Salamis and is located at the eastern end of the Mesaoria plain that runs across the middle of Cyprus.
    [Show full text]
  • THE LITTLE EGRET in SOUTH AUSTRALIA (By H
    September, 1958 THE S.A. ORNITHOLOGIST 77 THE LITTLE EGRET IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA (By H. T. CONDON) Since World War II there has been an who have regularly reported the Brown Bit- increase in the amount of information in bird tern [Botaurus] from districts where it un- literature dealing with sight identifications doubtedly occurs, yet I have found that and habits and it is now a fairly simple these people did not know the difference he- matter to recognise species once thought im- tween the bittern and the young of the possible. Unfortun~tely, much of ~e newl~. Nankeen Night Heron (Nycticorax)! acquired knowledge IS swallowed by mexpen- Mistakes in sight identifications are some. enced or uncritical observers with no good times understandable, but those due to ignor- effects. In this connection I am thinking ance and carelessness can be avoided. An more especially of the increasingly bold and observer should constantly guard against aggressive claims for rare ?r u~usu.al water wishful thinking, a common fault, which is birds which have appeared In print In recent responsible for the majority of problematical years. ". ." claims. Many of these claims are inconclusive, to Future sight records of the Little Egret are say the least, and I believe that the stage desi bl lv i f h f 11 . has now been reached where it is impossible esira e on y In one Or more 0 teo OWIng li circumstances. to accept any new record for South Austra .a 1. Observations in connection with nest. without a specimen. ing activities which can be investigated.
    [Show full text]
  • Nesting Period and Breeding Success of the Little Egret Egretta Garzetta in Pattani Province, Thailand
    FORKTAIL 29 (2013): 120–123 Nesting period and breeding success of the Little Egret Egretta garzetta in Pattani province, Thailand SOMSAK BUATIP, WANCHAMAI KARNTANUT & CORNELIS SWENNEN Nesting of Little Egret Egretta garzetta was studied between October 2008 and September 2009 in a colony near Pattani, southern Thailand, where the species is a recent colonist. Nesting was bimodal over a 12-month observation period. The first nesting period started in December in the middle of the rainy season (November–December). The second period started in March during the dry season (February–April). In the second period, nesting began in an area not occupied during the first period but gradually expanded into areas used in the first period. Egg and chick losses were high; the mean number of chicks that reached two weeks of age was 1.0 ± 1.2 (n = 467 nests), based on nests that had contained at least one egg. Considerable heterogeneity of clutch size and nest success was apparent between different locations within the colony. The main predator appeared to be the Malayan Water Monitor Varanus salvator. INTRODUCTION breeding success; understand nesting synchrony; and finally document if breeding success parameters varied spatially within the The breeding range of the Little Egret Egretta garzetta extends from focal colony. western Europe (northern limit about 53°N) and North Africa across Asia south of the Himalayas to east Asia including Korea and Japan (northern limits about 40°N), with some isolated areas MATERIALS AND METHODS in southern Africa, the Philippines and north and east Australia (Hancock et al. 1978, Wong et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Reproductive Success, Growth and Survival of Black-Crowned Night-Heron (Nycticorax Nycticorax) and Snowy Egret (Egretta Thula) Chicks in Coastal Virginia
    The Auk 113(1):119-130, 1996 REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS, GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF BLACK-CROWNED NIGHT-HERON (NYCTICORAX NYCTICORAX) AND SNOWY EGRET (EGRETTA THULA) CHICKS IN COASTAL VIRGINIA R. MICHAEL ERWIN, JOHN G. HAIG, DANIEL B. $TOTTS,AND JEFF$. HATFIELD NationalBiological Service, Patuxent Environmental Science Center, 11410American Holly Drive, Laurel,Maryland 20708, USA ABSTRACT.--Westudied reproductive success, growth, and survivalof Black-crownedNight- Heron (Nycticoraxnycticorax) and Snowy Egret (Egrettathula) chicksin two mixed-species heronries on marsh islands in ChincoteagueBay, AccomackCounty, Virginia in 1992 and 1993. We attachedradio transmitterswith mortality sensorsto the oldest chicks (A-chicks) in 11 to 22 nestsof both speciesto monitor survival during the mid- to late nestlingperiod and into the postnestingdispersal period. For both species,we found significantdifferences between 1992and 1993in growth ratesand survival. Massgrowth ratesof chickswere higher in 1993 than in 1992for both species.Culmen-length growth ratesvaried significantlydue to year-colonyeffects for night-herons,but only for hatching order for egrets.Differences in survival rates due to hatching order were found for the egrets in both years, but were found only in 1992for night-herons.As with massgrowth rates, survival of chickswas higher in 1993 than 1992.Survival of radio-markedA-chicks did not differ between speciesor years for the period from hatchingto fledging or from fledging through the end of the study (ca. two monthspostfledging). Survival ranged from 0.80 to 1.00from the time radio transmitters were attached(ca. two weeksof age) until dispersalage (53-55 daysfor egrets;55-60 days for night-herons).After birds left the colony,survival rateswere lower during the next 40 to 55 days,ranging from 0.25 to 0.60.
    [Show full text]
  • Heron, Black-Crowned Night
    142 Herons and Bitterns — Family Ardeidae Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax The Black-crowned Night-Heron spends much of the day resting quietly in marshes or trees, then at dusk flies off to forage, broadcasting a startlingly loud “quock!” In San Diego County it is locally common year round, both along the coast and at lakes and marshes inland. From 1997 to 2001 there were seven substantial colonies in the county, most mixed with other species of herons. Isolated pairs or small colo- nies also contribute to the population, to an unknown degree. Breeding distribution: Like the Great Blue, the Black- crowned Night-Heron nests mainly in colonies, often in mixed heronies. Seven sites appear to account for most Photo by Anthony Mercieca of San Diego County’s population. At the Wild Animal Park (J12), in the multispecies heronry in the Heart of Scripps Institution of Oceanography (O7) were a colony Africa exhibit, counts of the birds (fledglings included) site for many years, until some heavy construction at ranged up to 150 on 15 June 1998 (D. and D. Bylin); our the campus in 2002. At least three, possibly seven, nests best count of nests was at least 20 on 8 May 1999 (K. L. were active on 4 June 1998 (S. E. Smith). In 1999, Black- Weaver). At Sierra Avenue and Plaza Street in Solana crowned Night-Herons founded the mixed heronry at Beach (M7), Black-crowned Night-Herons nest in com- Lindo Lake (P14; M. B. Stowe). By 9 July 2001, there were pany with Snowy Egrets.
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds and Mammals of New York
    CHECKLIST OF AMPHIBIANS, REPTILES, BIRDS AND MAMMALS OF NEW YORK STATE Including Their Legal Status Eastern Milk Snake Moose Blue-spotted Salamander Common Loon New York State Artwork by Jean Gawalt Department of Environmental Conservation Division of Fish and Wildlife Page 1 of 30 February 2019 New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Division of Fish and Wildlife Wildlife Diversity Group 625 Broadway Albany, New York 12233-4754 This web version is based upon an original hard copy version of Checklist of the Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds and Mammals of New York, Including Their Protective Status which was first published in 1985 and revised and reprinted in 1987. This version has had substantial revision in content and form. First printing - 1985 Second printing (rev.) - 1987 Third revision - 2001 Fourth revision - 2003 Fifth revision - 2005 Sixth revision - December 2005 Seventh revision - November 2006 Eighth revision - September 2007 Ninth revision - April 2010 Tenth revision – February 2019 Page 2 of 30 Introduction The following list of amphibians (34 species), reptiles (38), birds (474) and mammals (93) indicates those vertebrate species believed to be part of the fauna of New York and the present legal status of these species in New York State. Common and scientific nomenclature is as according to: Crother (2008) for amphibians and reptiles; the American Ornithologists' Union (1983 and 2009) for birds; and Wilson and Reeder (2005) for mammals. Expected occurrence in New York State is based on: Conant and Collins (1991) for amphibians and reptiles; Levine (1998) and the New York State Ornithological Association (2009) for birds; and New York State Museum records for terrestrial mammals.
    [Show full text]
  • Egret and Glossy Ibis Rookeries
    Emu - Austral Ornithology ISSN: 0158-4197 (Print) 1448-5540 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/temu20 Egret and Glossy Ibis Rookeries F. C. Morse To cite this article: F. C. Morse (1922) Egret and Glossy Ibis Rookeries, Emu - Austral Ornithology, 22:1, 36-38, DOI: 10.1071/MU922036 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1071/MU922036 Published online: 22 Dec 2016. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 1 View related articles Citing articles: 1 View citing articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=temu20 The Emu. 36 !ITO RSE, Birds of the Moree District. [ 1st July Egret and Glossy Ibis Rookeries By F. C. MORSE, R.A.O.U., Coocalla, Garah, ~.S.W. For many years I have been firmly convinced that the Glossy Ibis (Plegadis falcinellus) bred somewhere along the 70 miles of \Vatcrcourse in this district, and, in company >vith Mr. H. A. Mawhiney, I have spent many days 1n search of their nests. TilE Ei\HJ, Vol. XXll. PLATE XIV. Vol. XXII.) 1922 :l\-10RSE, Fll'rds of the Moree District. 37 On almost every trip we made to various points in this vast expanse of swamps the birds were seen, but no sign of a nest was found. 1'o help us in the quest, we questioned every pen;on ·we met living anyv.·here near the wet area. Most of them did not even know the bird. \Ve were fortunate in at last meeting Mr. S.
    [Show full text]