Investors Guide on Poultry in Zambia
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Investors Guide Poultry in Zambia Investors Guide on Poultry in Zambia Foreword As a strategy to contribute to Companies seeking the different asing poultry feed ingredient of improved investment and compe- investment opportunities. maize and soybeans. titiveness of the Zambian poultry Notwithstanding lack of data on For more information, you can industry, the Embassy of the King- Zambia’s poultry imports and visit http://zimbabwe.nlembassy. dom of the Netherlands in Harare exports, the market study esta- org/key-topics/trade-information/ in conjunction with AgriProFocus blished that the Zambia poultry doing-business-in-zambia.html . Zambia and the Poultry Associ- has been growing steadily for the ation of Zambia commissioned past five years averaging around 8 The full market study on the a market study on investment % and 20% for broilers and layers Investment Opportunities in the opportunities to inform the Dutch annual production respectively. Poultry Sector in Zambia can be businesses that have interest in The rapid poultry production accessed on the AgriProFocus investing in the Zambian poultry increase is attributed to a num- Zambia website: www.agriprofo- industry. ber of factors such as national cus.com/zambia population increase, disposable In the poultry sector lie different income rise buoyed by growing investment opportunities. This middle income class, investment guide highlights these opportu- in poultry breeding, production nities, the costs of investments, and processing as well as incre- expected returns and the Poultry 2 Investors Guide on Poultry in Zambia Overview Zambia Zambia has had a long period of all growth rate of Sub-Saharan political stability. Independent Africa. However, in 2015 it felt the since 1964, Zambia has experi- pinch of reduced export earnings, enced five successful multiparty due to large drops in commodity elections since the return to prices and slowdown of Chine- multiparty politics in 1991. With se economy, resulting in a GDP strong growth in the last decade growth rate of 5%. This is thought the country has reached lower to go back to 6-7% growth when middle income status1. commodity prices start to stabi- lize. Investor confidence has been high and Zambia’s economy has been Even though agriculture only ac- growing rapidly due to expansion counts for 8.6% of total GDP, the of copper mining industry, gover- agricultural sector employs 60% nment investment in infrastructu- of total labour force. Of the total re, and expanding private sector agricultural sector 48% is related investment in construction and to the livestock. services and agricultural diver- sification. Zambia’s GDP grew at an average annual rate of 6.4% Government Type: Republic between 2010 and 2014, which was more than the average over- Population: 15.47 million 1 Worldbank.org Capital: Lusaka Language: English Currency: Zambian Kwacha (1US$ = ZK11.4) Average GDP growth rate: 6.4% (2010-2014) GDP per capita (PPP): $4.300 Population below poverty line: 62% Arable land: 31,7% Member of: SADC and COMESA Main industries: Mining, agriculture, tourism and manufac turing Agricultural Products: Maize, Cotton, Wheat, Soya – Livestock: catt le, pigs, goats and poultry 3 Investors Guide on Poultry in Zambia The Poultry Sub-Sector In 2005/07 poultry, after beef production and processing is the most consumed meat in propelled by the introduction of Africa, at 2.9 million tonnes. By modern technology. The poultry 2050 consumption of both meats industry anchors on the small and is estimated to increase. with medium enterprises that operate the total market size for poultry 60% of poultry production farms. reaching 11.8 million tonnes. In However, these small farmers lack 2050, the egg market is estimated investments to increase and mo- at 5.9 million tonnes. Consump- dernize their production as well tion of all livestock products is as value addition. anticipated to grow rapidly in the coming decades, with annual growth rates estimated at 3.3 BROILERS percent for poultry. Out of the five African regions, the Southern Average Broiler live weight 1.8 kg Africa (SADC) market is expected Average Broiler Dressed weight 1.2 kg to remain to have the largest for poultry market share at 29.8%. Consumption per capital 4.8kg/year For eggs, SADC market share is % of live Broilers sold 80% expected to be at 19%, just after Total Broiler Production in 2015 79,000,000 Western Africa2. Large potential Market price of broilers USD 4 - 4.7/bird thus for the poultry sector, also Market price for frozen chickens USD 2.3 - 2.6/kg for Zambia. The Poultry Association of Zambia Average Cost of production USD 3.4/bird (PAZ) 2014 annual report reveals Estimated availability for export 18,500,00/kg that the poultry sector provides direct and indirect employment to 80,000 people with 50,000 in permanent jobs and 30,000 sea- EGGS sonal employees. This report fu- rther records that poultry produc- Egg consumption/capita/year 66 eggs tion in 2014 reached over 1 billion Estimated total demand 864,600,000 eggs and 73 million broilers. The poultry industry has been con- Total Annual Production 1,100,000,000 sistently growing since 2000 at Estimated availability for export 235,400,000 annual rates of 8% and 10% for Total Annual Consumption 1,000,000,000 broilers and layers respectively. This phenomenal growth is attri- buted to the demand and supply side factors. The demand factors FEED include; increasing human popu- lation, rising disposable income Total National Poultry Feed Production 320,000 MT consolidated by the expanding Consumption by Broilers 259,000 MT middle income class, and rapid urbanization with higher taste Consumption by layers 162,000 MT for chicken meat. The supply Cost of Broiler Feed USD 459/t side factors are the tremendous Cost of Layer Feed USD 405/t advances in poultry breeding, Cost of Maize USD 180/t Cost of Soybeans USD 310/t 2 Investing in African Livestock: business opportunities 2030-2050 (FAO, March 2013) 4 Investors Guide on Poultry in Zambia Value Chain Actors Input suppliers The major supplier of inputs is Africa. Many corporate compa- producers, small scale farms must Livestock Services, which runs nies are interested in further ver- optimize their production in a one-stop-shop for inputs and tical integration of their poultry terms of feed efficiency to lower feed. It also offers training. Most businesses. Next to expanding production costs. They can form suppliers source their imports their production capacities (e.g. production clusters to reap bene- from South Africa. Zambia main- Feed production, broiler and egg fits accruing from scale. Small and tains a ban on imports of parent production), they are interested medium scale farms offer most stock. This has created a captive in investing in other activities like scope for improvement. They use market for the 8 locally establis- production of day old chicks, and simple manual equipment, small hed largest breeding companies. slaughtering and further proces- amounts of feed additives, drugs Zambia allows importation of sing of broilers. and vaccines and do purchase feed ingredients and premixes. small amounts day-old chicks. Medium/Small poultry far- These inputs are purchased from Corporate firms mers local suppliers. This group is dominated by a There are about 1.1 million small handful of integrated companies and medium poultry farmers in Feed millers namely; Zambeef (Novatek), Zambia and medium and 0.1 com- There are seven major feed Zamchick, Eureka chicken, Olym- mercial farmers. Small and medi- millers in Zambia who produce pic Stock Feeds, Nam Feeds, um poultry farmers produce the about 320,000 MT poultry feed Hybrid Poultry, Ross Breeders, bulk of the poultry meat and eggs per year. These feed millers are: Tiger Chicks, Copper Belt chickens in Zambia. Poultry is kept in sim- NamFeeds, Choma Milling, Pem- and Golden Lay. They import ple, open houses. Manual feeding be Milling, Tiger Animal Feeds, their inputs from South Africa. In is employed. Simple water bowls Novatek (Zambeef), Nutrifeeds, recent years, there has been mini- are used while heating is under- Olympic Stock Feed. Most of mal entry into this segment save taken through wood or charcoal. these compound feed suppliers notable developments like the Some small farms produce maize have their own poultry producti- newly created venture between and soy for stock feed. To re- on facilities (like day-old chicks) as Zambeef and Rainbow of South ach the pace set by large scale well, except for Choma milling. 5 Investors Guide on Poultry in Zambia The millers use maize and soy- system include retailers, hotels Competition: beans produced by local farmers and lodges. • Threat of cheap illegally (or their own farms) and pre- Table eggs in Zambia are sold imported poultry products mixes imported largely from through formal and informal entering the domestic market South Africa. Maize is produced markets. Formal markets com- • Chain stores mounting pres- by small scale and commerci- prise chain retail outlets such as sure on government to allow al farmers and but small scale Shoprite, Spar, Pick n Pay, as well import of frozen chickens IQF farmers produce about 80% of as supermarkets like Melisa in • Competition from rival firms the country’s total yield. For Lusaka. Informal markets include from South Africa the 2013/2014 farming season, open markets, roadside selling • Competition from increased around 3,350,600 MT of maize points, cross border selling points poultry imports to South was produced. Soybean is pro- such as Kasumbalesa border (DRC Africa e.g from US duced predominantly by com- border). Generally, table eggs mercial farmers who churn out are not graded accordingly egg about 139,000 metric tonnes per weight and sold per kind (mostly Government regulations and year.