The Yarkovsky Effect on Near-Earth Asteroid (101995) Bennu, Target of the OSIRIS-REx Mission A Review of the Literature, by Robert Melikyan Ivan Yarkovsky First Observation (1844-1902)

This graph confirms the very first Born in the Russian province Vitebsk, observation of the Yarkovsky effect, as now Belorussia, he pursued a career in seen on the asteroid 6489 Golevka. civil engineering and practiced Above we see a significant shift in the theoretical physics in his spare time. In a expected position and velocity of the 1889 publication, Yarkovsky first orbiting body. The rings represent the theorized a thermally induced uncertainty. acceleration on orbiting bodies. Thermal Map of Golevka The Yarkovsky Effect Bennu’s Orbit and Tilt Near-Earth Approaches

A fundamental necessity for enabling the Yarkovsky effect is anisotropic thermal emission. The temperature vs time graph shows uneven heating and cooling as Golevka rotates. Resulting from anisotropic thermal reemissions, the Yarkovsky effect is a constant force on orbiting bodies that can be estimated to a constant shift in This table includes perturbations due to the Estimating the Bulk Density the semimajor axis Yarkovsky effect to calculate nearness of near- earth approaches. Theoretical Changes in da/dt Diurnal and Seasonal Variants

With a measurement of the Yarkovsky This graphic, supplied by the OSIRIS-REx database, Though typically presented as effect, it is possible to determine gives am overview of Bennu’s orbit relative to the a constant, the shift in the important compositional properties of The Yarkovsky effect can be split up into earths, and includes the 6º of inclination the offsets semi-major axis does vary the measured body. Above shows how two classes. The diurnal variant is bennu’s orbital plane. over time, with significant we can estimate an objects Bulk Density dependent on the objects ratitional changes during near-earth ( ) based on its Thermal Inertia by frequency, while the seasonal variant is approaches. accounting for the non-gravitational dependent on the objects orbital Acknowledgments I would like to thank Professor Beth Ellen Clark Joseph for her accelerations⍴ incurred by the Yarkovsky frequency. Understanding both is References advising in my research and for introducing me to this topic. I S.R.Chesley.2012; S.R.Chesley.2014; S.R.Chesley.2003; effect. necessary for accurate modeling of the would also like to recognize the Ithaca College Department of D.Vokrouhlicky.2000; D.Farnocchia.2013; A.Milani.2009; total force on a body. Physics and Astronomy for printing this poster, and all of its M.Brož.2006; S.Ferrone.2018 faculty for their guidance and support.