Raspberry Viruses Affect the Behavior and Performance of Amphorophora Agathonica in Single and Mixed Infections
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Evidence for Lysine Acetylation in the Coat Protein of a Polerovirus
Journal of General Virology (2014), 95, 2321–2327 DOI 10.1099/vir.0.066514-0 Short Evidence for lysine acetylation in the coat protein of Communication a polerovirus Michelle Cilia,1,2,3 Richard Johnson,4 Michelle Sweeney,3 Stacy L. DeBlasio,1,3 James E. Bruce,4 Michael J. MacCoss4 and Stewart M. Gray1,2 Correspondence 1USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA Michelle Cilia 2Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, [email protected] NY 14853, USA 3Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA 4Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA Virions of the RPV strain of Cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV were purified from infected oat tissue and analysed by MS. Two conserved residues, K147 and K181, in the virus coat protein, were confidently identified to contain epsilon-N-acetyl groups. While no functional data are available for K147, K181 lies within an interfacial region critical for virion assembly and stability. The signature immonium ion at m/z 126.0919 demonstrated the presence of N-acetyllysine, and the sequence fragment ions enabled an unambiguous assignment of the epsilon-N-acetyl modification on K181. Received 4 April 2014 We hypothesize that selection favours acetylation of K181 in a fraction of coat protein monomers Accepted 13 June 2014 to stabilize the capsid by promoting intermonomer salt bridge formation. Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) and the barley/cereal/maize encapsidation of one species’ RNA in the virion of another yellow dwarf viruses, members of the Luteoviridae and species. Such manipulation can result in an expansion of referred to hereafter as luteovirids, are globally important potential aphid species that can transmit the virus. -
The Defective Rnas of Closteroviridae
MINI REVIEW ARTICLE published: 23 May 2013 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00132 The defective RNAs of Closteroviridae Moshe Bar-Joseph* and Munir Mawassi The S. Tolkowsky Laboratory, Virology Department, Plant Protection Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Beit Dagan, Israel Edited by: The family Closteroviridae consists of two genera, Closterovirus and Ampelovirus with Ricardo Flores, Instituto de Biología monopartite genomes transmitted respectively by aphids and mealybugs and the Crinivirus Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Universidad Politécnica with bipartite genomes transmitted by whiteflies. The Closteroviridae consists of more de Valencia-Consejo Superior than 30 virus species, which differ considerably in their phytopathological significance. de Investigaciones Científicas), Spain Some, like beet yellows virus and citrus tristeza virus (CTV) were associated for many Reviewed by: decades with their respective hosts, sugar beets and citrus. Others, like the grapevine Pedro Moreno, Instituto Valenciano leafroll-associated ampeloviruses 1, and 3 were also associated with their grapevine de Investigaciones Agrarias, Spain Jesus Navas-Castillo, Instituto hosts for long periods; however, difficulties in virus isolation hampered their molecular de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y characterization. The majority of the recently identified Closteroviridae were probably Mediterranea La Mayora (University associated with their vegetative propagated host plants for long periods and only detected of Málaga-Consejo Superior through the considerable -
The Role of F-Box Proteins During Viral Infection
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2013, 14, 4030-4049; doi:10.3390/ijms14024030 OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Molecular Sciences ISSN 1422-0067 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijms Review The Role of F-Box Proteins during Viral Infection Régis Lopes Correa 1, Fernanda Prieto Bruckner 2, Renan de Souza Cascardo 1,2 and Poliane Alfenas-Zerbini 2,* 1 Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21944-970, Brazil; E-Mails: [email protected] (R.L.C.); [email protected] (R.S.C.) 2 Department of Microbiology/BIOAGRO, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-000, Brazil; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +55-31-3899-2955; Fax: +55-31-3899-2864. Received: 23 October 2012; in revised form: 14 December 2012 / Accepted: 17 January 2013 / Published: 18 February 2013 Abstract: The F-box domain is a protein structural motif of about 50 amino acids that mediates protein–protein interactions. The F-box protein is one of the four components of the SCF (SKp1, Cullin, F-box protein) complex, which mediates ubiquitination of proteins targeted for degradation by the proteasome, playing an essential role in many cellular processes. Several discoveries have been made on the use of the ubiquitin–proteasome system by viruses of several families to complete their infection cycle. On the other hand, F-box proteins can be used in the defense response by the host. This review describes the role of F-box proteins and the use of the ubiquitin–proteasome system in virus–host interactions. -
Epidemiology of Criniviruses: an Emerging Problem in World Agriculture
REVIEW ARTICLE published: 16 May 2013 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00119 Epidemiology of criniviruses: an emerging problem in world agriculture Ioannis E.Tzanetakis1*, Robert R. Martin 2 and William M. Wintermantel 3* 1 Department of Plant Pathology, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA 2 Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Corvallis, OR, USA 3 Crop Improvement and Protection Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Salinas, CA, USA Edited by: The genus Crinivirus includes the whitefly-transmitted members of the family Clos- Bryce Falk, University of California at teroviridae. Whitefly-transmitted viruses have emerged as a major problem for world Davis, USA agriculture and are responsible for diseases that lead to losses measured in the billions Reviewed by: of dollars annually. Criniviruses emerged as a major agricultural threat at the end of the Kriton Kalantidis, Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas, twentieth century with the establishment and naturalization of their whitefly vectors, Greece members of the generaTrialeurodes and Bemisia, in temperate climates around the globe. Lucy R. Stewart, United States Several criniviruses cause significant diseases in single infections whereas others remain Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, USA asymptomatic and only cause disease when found in mixed infections with other viruses. Characterization of the majority of criniviruses has been done in the last 20 years and this *Correspondence: Ioannis E. Tzanetakis, Department of article provides a detailed review on the epidemiology of this important group of viruses. Plant Pathology, Division of Keywords: Crinivirus, Closteroviridae, whitefly, transmission, detection, control Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA. -
Mosquito-Borne Viruses and Suppressors of Invertebrate Antiviral RNA Silencing
Viruses 2014, 6, 4314-4331; doi:10.3390/v6114314 OPEN ACCESS viruses ISSN 1999-4915 www.mdpi.com/journal/viruses Review Mosquito-Borne Viruses and Suppressors of Invertebrate Antiviral RNA Silencing Scott T. O’Neal, Glady Hazitha Samuel, Zach N. Adelman and Kevin M. Myles * Fralin Life Science Institute and Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; E-Mails: [email protected] (S.T.O.); [email protected] (G.H.S.); [email protected] (Z.N.A.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-540-231-6158. External Editor: Rollie Clem Received: 19 September 2014; in revised form: 28 October 2014 / Accepted: 31 October 2014 / Published: 11 November 2014 Abstract: The natural maintenance cycles of many mosquito-borne viruses require establishment of persistent non-lethal infections in the invertebrate host. While the mechanisms by which this occurs are not well understood, antiviral responses directed by small RNAs are important in modulating the pathogenesis of viral infections in disease vector mosquitoes. In yet another example of an evolutionary arms race between host and pathogen, some plant and insect viruses have evolved to encode suppressors of RNA silencing (VSRs). Whether or not mosquito-borne viral pathogens encode VSRs has been the subject of debate. While at first there would seem to be little evolutionary benefit to mosquito-borne viruses encoding proteins or sequences that strongly interfere with RNA silencing, we present here a model explaining how the expression of VSRs by these viruses in the vector might be compatible with the establishment of persistence. -
The Family Closteroviridae Revised
Virology Division News 2039 Arch Virol 147/10 (2002) VDNVirology Division News The family Closteroviridae revised G.P. Martelli (Chair)1, A. A. Agranovsky2, M. Bar-Joseph3, D. Boscia4, T. Candresse5, R. H. A. Coutts6, V. V. Dolja7, B. W. Falk8, D. Gonsalves9, W. Jelkmann10, A.V. Karasev11, A. Minafra12, S. Namba13, H. J. Vetten14, G. C. Wisler15, N. Yoshikawa16 (ICTV Study group on closteroviruses and allied viruses) 1 Dipartimento Protezione Piante, University of Bari, Italy; 2 Laboratory of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; 3 Volcani Agricultural Research Center, Bet Dagan, Israel; 4 Istituto Virologia Vegetale CNR, Sezione Bari, Italy; 5 Station de Pathologie Végétale, INRA,Villenave d’Ornon, France; 6 Imperial College, London, U.K.; 7 Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, U.S.A.; 8 Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, U.S.A.; 9 Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, USDA, Hilo, Hawaii, U.S.A.; 10 Institut für Pflanzenschutz im Obstbau, Dossenheim, Germany; 11 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Doylestown, U.S.A.; 12 Istituto Virologia Vegetale CNR, Sezione Bari, Italy; 13 Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Japan; 14 Biologische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, Germany; 15 Deparment of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, U.S.A.; 16 Iwate University, Morioka, Japan Summary. Recently obtained molecular and biological information has prompted the revision of the taxonomic structure of the family Closteroviridae. In particular, mealybug- transmitted species have been separated from the genus Closterovirus and accommodated in a new genus named Ampelovirus (from ampelos, Greek for grapevine). -
3′-Coterminal Subgenomic Rnas and Putative Cis-Acting Elements of Grapevine Leafroll-Associated Virus 3 Reveals 'Unique' F
Jarugula et al. Virology Journal 2010, 7:180 http://www.virologyj.com/content/7/1/180 RESEARCH Open Access 3′-coterminal subgenomic RNAs and putative cis-acting elements of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 reveals ‘unique’ features of gene expression strategy in the genus Ampelovirus Sridhar Jarugula1, Siddarame Gowda2, William O Dawson2, Rayapati A Naidu1* Abstract Background: The family Closteroviridae comprises genera with monopartite genomes, Closterovirus and Ampelovirus, and with bipartite and tripartite genomes, Crinivirus. By contrast to closteroviruses in the genera Closterovirus and Crinivirus, much less is known about the molecular biology of viruses in the genus Ampelovirus, although they cause serious diseases in agriculturally important perennial crops like grapevines, pineapple, cherries and plums. Results: The gene expression and cis-acting elements of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3; genus Ampelovirus) was examined and compared to that of other members of the family Closteroviridae. Six putative 3′-coterminal subgenomic (sg) RNAs were abundantly present in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) infected with GLRaV-3. The sgRNAs for coat protein (CP), p21, p20A and p20B were confirmed using gene-specific riboprobes in Northern blot analysis. The 5′-termini of sgRNAs specific to CP, p21, p20A and p20B were mapped in the 18,498 nucleotide (nt) virus genome and their leader sequences determined to be 48, 23, 95 and 125 nt, respectively. No conserved motifs were found around the transcription start site or in the leader sequence of these sgRNAs. The predicted secondary structure analysis of sequences around the start site failed to reveal any conserved motifs among the four sgRNAs. The GLRaV-3 isolate from Washington had a 737 nt long 5′ nontranslated region (NTR) with a tandem repeat of 65 nt sequence and differed in sequence and predicted secondary structure with a South Africa isolate. -
Pod Pepper Vein Yellows Virus, a New Recombinant Polerovirus Infecting
Zhao et al. Virol J (2021) 18:42 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-021-01511-5 SHORT REPORT Open Access Pod pepper vein yellows virus, a new recombinant polerovirus infecting Capsicum frutescens in Yunnan province, China Kuangjie Zhao1†, Yueyan Yin2,3†, Mengying Hua1, Shaoxiang Wang4, Xiaohan Mo5, Enping Yuan4, Hongying Zheng1, Lin Lin1, Hairu Chen3, Yuwen Lu1, Jianping Chen1, Jiejun Peng1* and Fei Yan1* Abstract Pepper vein yellows viruses (PeVYV) are phloem-restricted viruses in the genus Polerovirus, family Luteoviridae. Typical viral symptoms of PeVYV including interveinal yellowing of leaves and upward leaf curling were observed in pod pep- per plants (Capsicum frutescens) growing in Wenshan city, Yunnan province, China. The complete genome sequence of a virus from a sample of these plants was determined by next-generation sequencing and RT-PCR. Pod pepper vein yellows virus (PoPeVYV) (MT188667) has a genome of 6015 nucleotides, and the characteristic genome organization of a member of the genus Polerovirus. In the 5′ half of its genome (encoding P0 to P4), PoPeVYV is most similar (93.1% nt identity) to PeVYV-3 (Pepper vein yellows virus 3) (KP326573) but diverges greatly in the 3′-part encoding P5, where it is most similar (91.7% nt identity) to tobacco vein distorting virus (TVDV, EF529624) suggesting a recombinant origin. Recombination analysis predicted a single recombination event afecting nucleotide positions 4126 to 5192 nt, with PeVYV-3 as the major parent but with the region 4126–5192 nt derived from TVDV as the minor parent. A full-length clone of PoPeVYV was constructed and shown to be infectious in C. -
The Fern-Feeder Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) from China: a Generic Account, Descriptions of One New Genus, One New Species, One New Subspecies, and Keys
The Fern-Feeder Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) from China: A Generic Account, Descriptions of One New Genus, One New Species, One New Subspecies, and Keys Authors: Xiao-Mei Su, Li-Yun Jiang, and Ge-Xia Qiao Source: Journal of Insect Science, 14(23) : 1-36 Published By: Entomological Society of America URL: https://doi.org/10.1673/031.014.23 BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Complete website, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/terms-of-use. Usage of BioOne Complete content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Journal-of-Insect-Science on 25 Sep 2019 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use Journal of Insect Science: Vol. 14 | Article 23 Su et al. The fern-feeder aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) from China: a generic account, descriptions of one new genus, one new species, one new subspecies, and keys Xiao-Mei Su1,2a, Li-Yun Jiang1b, and Ge-Xia Qiao1c* 1Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China 2Fangshan District’s Center for Animal Epidemic Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 102400, China Abstract Fern-feeder aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in China are represented by 13 species in 10 genera, including a new genus, Vietaphis gen. -
Applicant Organisation: Plant Health & Environment Laboratory (PHEL), Investigation & Diagnostic Centre – MAF Biosecurity New Zealand
ER-AN-O2N-2 Import into containment any new organism that is not 01/08 genetically modified Application title: To import into containment plant viruses and viroids Applicant organisation: Plant Health & Environment Laboratory (PHEL), Investigation & Diagnostic Centre – MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Please provide a brief summary of the purpose of the application (255 characters or less, including spaces) To import and hold exotic plant viruses and viroids in containment, for research purposes PLEASE CONTACT ERMA NEW ZEALAND BEFORE SUBMITTING YOUR APPLICATION Please clearly identify any confidential information and attach as a separate appendix. Please check and complete the following before submitting your application: All sections completed Yes Appendices enclosed Yes/NA Confidential information identified and enclosed separately Yes/NA Copies of references attached Yes/NA Application signed and dated Yes Electronic copy of application e-mailed to Yes ERMA New Zealand Signed: Date: 20 Customhouse Quay Cnr Waring Taylor and Customhouse Quay PO Box 131, Wellington Phone: 04 916 2426 Fax: 04 914 0433 Email: [email protected] Website: www.ermanz.govt.nz ER-AN-O2N-2 01/08: Application to import into containment any new organism that is not genetically modified Section One – Applicant details Name and details of the organisation making the application: Name: Plant Health & Environment Laboratory, Investigation & Diagnostic Centre – MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Postal Address: PO Box 2095, Auckland 1140 Physical Address: 231 Morrin Road, St Johns Phone: - Fax: - Email: Not applicable Name and details of the key contact person (if different from above): Name: Veronica Herrera Postal Address: Plant Health & Environment Laboratory Manager Physical Address: As above Phone: - Fax: - Email: - Name and details of a contact person in New Zealand, if the applicant is overseas: Name: Not applicable Postal Address: Physical Address: Phone: Fax: Email: Note: The key contact person should have sufficient knowledge of the application to respond to queries from ERMA New Zealand staff. -
Small Hydrophobic Viral Proteins Involved in Intercellular Movement of Diverse Plant Virus Genomes Sergey Y
AIMS Microbiology, 6(3): 305–329. DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2020019 Received: 23 July 2020 Accepted: 13 September 2020 Published: 21 September 2020 http://www.aimspress.com/journal/microbiology Review Small hydrophobic viral proteins involved in intercellular movement of diverse plant virus genomes Sergey Y. Morozov1,2,* and Andrey G. Solovyev1,2,3 1 A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia 2 Department of Virology, Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia 3 Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia * Correspondence: E-mail: [email protected]; Tel: +74959393198. Abstract: Most plant viruses code for movement proteins (MPs) targeting plasmodesmata to enable cell-to-cell and systemic spread in infected plants. Small membrane-embedded MPs have been first identified in two viral transport gene modules, triple gene block (TGB) coding for an RNA-binding helicase TGB1 and two small hydrophobic proteins TGB2 and TGB3 and double gene block (DGB) encoding two small polypeptides representing an RNA-binding protein and a membrane protein. These findings indicated that movement gene modules composed of two or more cistrons may encode the nucleic acid-binding protein and at least one membrane-bound movement protein. The same rule was revealed for small DNA-containing plant viruses, namely, viruses belonging to genus Mastrevirus (family Geminiviridae) and the family Nanoviridae. In multi-component transport modules the nucleic acid-binding MP can be viral capsid protein(s), as in RNA-containing viruses of the families Closteroviridae and Potyviridae. However, membrane proteins are always found among MPs of these multicomponent viral transport systems. -
Detection of Coat Protein Gene of the Potato Leafroll Virus by Reverse
atholog P y & nt a M l i P c r Journal of f o o b l i a o Almasi et al., J Plant Pathol Microb 2013, 4:1 l n o r g u y DOI: 10.4172/2157-7471.1000156 o J Plant Pathology & Microbiology ISSN: 2157-7471 Research Article Open Access Detection of Coat Protein Gene of the Potato Leafroll Virus by Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Mohammad Amin Almasi1*, Hossein Jafary2, Aboubakr Moradi1, Neda Zand2, Mehdi Aghapour Ojaghkandi1 and Saeedeh Aghaei1 1Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran 2Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran Abstract Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay amplifies DNA/RNA with high specificity and sensitivity. In this study, we describe an optimized reverse transcription- LAMP assay for detection of Potato Leafroll Virus. Firstly, DAS-ELISA assay was performed to detect of the virus in a collection containing 40 suspicious samples. Lastly, two samples were detected as the positive samples. Then, the positive samples were verified by RT-PCR and RT-LAMP methods. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that the RT-LAMP assay was 40 times sensitive and 4 time faster compared to RT-PCR. RT-LAMP assay was accomplished in the water bath either frees from any thermal cycler machine or sophisticated laboratories facility. Moreover, in RT-LAMP reaction the positive samples were detected through turbidity which produced by magnesium pyrophosphate. Interestingly, the application of CaCl2 instead of MgSO4 which create calcium pyrophosphate in reaction could significantly increase both stability and concentration of turbidity.