September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 1

CLASS 530, CHEMISTRY: NATURAL RESINS sources, both recent and fossil, such as OR DERIVATIVES; PEPTIDES OR PRO- Congo, Manila, etc.; amber; dammar; TEINS; LIGNINS OR REACTION PROD- kauri; coal resin; gum accroides; san- UCTS THEREOF darac; cativo resin; etc.

(5) Note. This and indented subclasses (200+) provide for the production of SUBCLASSES mixtures of compounds from natural res- ins, whether or not the individual com- 200 NATURAL RESINS OR DERIVATIVES pounds have a known chemical (E.G., WOOD OR PINE TAR; CATIVO structure. RESIN DERIVATIVES, ETC.): This subclass is indented under Class 260, sub- (6) Note. The production of a pure resin class 1. Natural resin derivatives which are not acid or its derivative of known chemical pure compounds, and processes of treating nat- structure from natural resins is classified ural resins or derivatives. in the class and subclass providing for the compound produced. (1) Note. Natural resins are water-insoluble mixtures of compounds derived from (7) Note. Compositions comprising natural trees, especially conifers. Many of the resin or its derivative, together with compounds present in natural resins another component, and having a known have a hydroaromatic structure. These utility, are classified in the appropriate compounds are often recovered as mix- composition class. tures of isomeric carboxylic acids, such as abietic and pimaric acids, which occur (8) Note. The rules for determining Class in rosin. The resins occur in nature in placement of the Original Reference solvent-free form, such as fossil coal or (OR) for claimed chemical compositions copal resins, wood rosin in old pine tree are set forth in the Class Definition of stumps, etc., or in the form of tree sap, Class 252 in the section LINES WITH such as pine oleoresin, where they are OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN dissolved in terpenic hydrocarbons, such THIS CLASS, subsection COMPOSI- as spirits of turpentine. Another major TION CLASS SUPERIORITY, which source of natural resin is papermaking includes a hierarchical ORDER OF waste from which a solution of rosin in SUPERIORITY FOR COMPOSITION mixed fatty acids, known as tall oil, is CLASSES. recovered. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- (2) Note. See search this class, subclass CLASS: note below for a description of the con- 205, (1) Note, for description of tall oil stituents of and types of rosin. and (3) Note for tall oil fatty acids. 210, (1) Note, for a description of the con- (3) Note. Tall oil, which is a liquid, is pro- stituents of and types of rosin. vided for here, along with its constitu- ents and derivatives, because of SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: significant resin acid content (34% - 106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic, for 40%). See search this class, subclass compositions wherein a natural resin note below for description of tall oil and or tall oil is utilized. (3) Note for tall oil fatty acids. 117, Single-Crystal, Oriented-Crystal, and Epitaxy Growth Processes; Non-Coat- (4) Note. Some of the natural resins encom- ing Apparatus Therefor, for pro- passed by this and indented subclasses cesses for growing therein-defined include, but are not limited to: wood, single-crystal of all types of materials, gum and tall oil rosin; wood or pine tar including inorganic or organic. or pitch; shellac; copals from various

September 2010 530 - 2 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

162, Paper Making and Fiber Liberation, copal, coal, amber, dammar, etc., as starting for processes of liberating cellulosic material): fibers which include the recovery of This subclass is indented under subclass 200. an organic by-product. Processes wherein the starting material is plant 506, Combinatorial Chemistry Technol- sap or a fossilized substance, or products of ogy: Method, Library, Apparatus, for such processes. a chemical or biological library or a process of creating said library. (1) Note. The starting materials include, but 520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, are not limited to: copals from various including the classes which are part of sources, e.g., Congo, Manila, Pontianac, the 520 series, for synthetic resin etc.; coal which contains admixtures of compositions wherein a natural resin resin, such as Utah; amber; dammar; or tall oil is utilized. kauri; gum accroides; etc. 536, Organic Compounds, for gums which are water-soluble highly branched 204 Pine oleoresin starting material used in pro- polysaccharides found in exudations cess, or product thereof (e.g., using gum tur- of plants. pentine, pine gum, pine resin, etc., as starting material): 201 Shellac containing starting material used in This subclass is indented under subclass 203. process, or product thereof (e.g., lac, stick- Processing wherein the starting material is pine lac, seedlac, flake shellac, bleached shellac, oleoresin, or products of such processes. etc.): This subclass is indented under subclass 200. (1) Note. Pine oleoresin is the fresh sap of Processes wherein the starting material is shel- living pine trees and is variously referred lac, or a shellac-containing substance, or prod- to in the trade as gum turpentine, pine ucts of such processes. gum, pine resin, etc.

(1) Note. Included herein are starting mate- (2) Note. A major product of the processes rials wherein the shellac has been previ- under this subclass is gum rosin. ously modified, e.g., by bleaching, formation of a derivative, etc. (3) Note. See (1) Note under subclass 210 for description of the constituents of and 202 Cut wood starting material used in process, types of rosin. or product thereof (e.g., using pine stumps, chips, bark, etc., as starting material): 205 Recovery of tall oil or derivatives from This subclass is indented under subclass 200. papermaking waste, purification of tall oil, Processes wherein the starting material is cut or separation of components of tall oil; or wood, or products of such processes. product thereof (e.g., separation of rosin, fatty acids, sterols, etc.; decolorizing, etc.): (1) Note. A major product of the processes This subclass is indented under subclass 200. under this subclass is wood rosin. Processes wherein: (1) tall oil or a derivative thereof is recovered from papermaking waste; (2) Note. See the search note below for (2) one or more components are separated from description of the constituents of and tall oil; (3) tall oil is purified; or products of types of rosin. such processes.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- (1) Note. Tall oil is a by-product of the CLASS: wood pulp industry and is usually recov- 210, (1) Note, for a description of the con- ered from pine wood “black liquor” of stituents of and types of rosin. the sulfate or kraft paper processes. A typical composition of tall oil includes 203 Plant sap or fossil starting material used in 50-60% fatty acids (e.g., oleic, linoleic, process, or product thereof (e.g., using etc.), 34-40% rosin acids, and 5-10%

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unsaponifiable matter, such as long chain gum rosin, wood rosin, solid tall oil rosin, alcohols and sterols. etc.): This subclass is indented under subclass 200. (2) Note. Some of the products isolated Processes wherein rosin or a derivative thereof from tall oil include, but are not limited is used as starting material, or products of such to, tall oil rosin, tall oil fatty acids, tall processes. oil pitch, mixtures of oleic and linoleic acid, etc. (1) Note. Rosin, also known as colophony, is usually designated according to its (3) Note. Although “tall oil fatty acids” source, e.g., gum rosin (from exudate of contain at least 90% of free fatty acids, incisions on living trees); wood rosin they are included among natural resins (from Southern pine stumps); and tall oil because of a measurable content of rosin rosin (from by-products of the wood acids (up to 10%). pulp industry). The principal constitu- ents isolated from rosin are carboxylic (4) Note. Compositions containing tall oil acids with a hydrophenanthrene nucleus, or its reaction product as an ingredient comprising abietic acid and its isomers, thereof and having a known utility are such as pimaric acid. The acids may classified in the appropriate composi- exist in rosin as acid anhydrides. The tion class providing therefor. mixed acids are known in the trade as rosin acids or resin acids, the two terms 206 Organic sulfur or nitrogen containing mate- being used interchangeably. rial used in the process, or product thereof: This subclass is indented under subclass 205. (2) Note. Abietic acid has the following Processes wherein there is utilized an organic structure: material containing sulfur or nitrogen, or prod- ucts of such processes.

207 Esterification used in the process, or prod- uct thereof: This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Processes which include an esterification step, or products of such processes.

208 Inorganic material used in the process, or product thereof (e.g., using sulfuric acid, boric acid, etc.): This subclass is indented under subclass 205. (3) Note. This and indented subclasses Process wherein there is utilized an inorganic (210+) provide for the production of material, or products of such processes. mixtures of compounds from rosin or its derivatives, whether or not the individual 209 Phosphorus or heavy metal containing compounds have a known chemical material, elemental hydrogen, sulfur diox- structure. ide, or carbon dioxide used in the process, or product thereof: (4) Note. The production of a pure resin This subclass is indented under subclass 208. (rosin) acid or its derivative of known Processes wherein there is utilized a material chemical structure from rosin or its containing phosphorus, heavy metal, elemental derivative is classified in a class and sub- hydrogen, sulfur dioxide, or carbon dioxide; or class providing for the compound pro- products of such processes. duced.

210 Rosin or derivative used as starting material in process, or product thereof (e.g., using

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SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 213 Boron or phosphorus containing material 106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic, for used in the process, or product thereof: compositions wherein a resin is uti- This subclass is indented under subclass 210. lized. Processes wherein there is utilized a material 520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, containing boron or phosphorus, or products of including the classes which are part of such processes. the 520 series, for synthetic resin compositions wherein a natural resin 214 Diels-Alder adducts (e.g., of maleic anhy- is utilized. dride, fumaric acid, etc., with conjugated dienes, such as rosin acids, terpenes, etc.): 211 Polymerization or product thereof (e.g., This subclass is indented under subclass 210. dimer rosin, etc.): Products which include a six-membered ring This subclass is indented under subclass 210. formed by the addition of an alkene or alkyne Processes wherein rosin or a derivative thereof to the 1,4 - positions of a conjugated diene. is polymerized, or products of such processes. (1) Note. An example of such a reaction (1) Note. This subclass, and the indented may be represented as follows: subclass 212, are limited to polymers of rosin, per se, of a single derivative of rosin, e.g., an ester, hydrogenated rosin, etc., or of a mixture of two or more types of rosin, derivatives, etc. The most com- mon product is dimer rosin.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 525, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, subclasses 54.4+, for reaction prod- ucts of natural resins with a preformed solid polymer or specified intermedi- ate condensation product (SICP). (2) Note. All adducts included in this class 526, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, are mixtures formed from the mixed subclass 238.3, for polymers derived hydrophenanthrene acids or derivatives solely from ethylenic reactants at least thereof present in rosin. An example of one of which is a natural resin. an adduct of an individual rosin acid 527, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, with fumaric acid is: subclasses 600+, for solid polymers derived from natural resin or deriva- tive by means of chemical reaction with a nonresin reactant.

212 Chemical treatment or color modification of polymerized rosin or derivative, or product thereof (e.g., hydrogenation or esterification of polymerized rosin; removal of color bod- ies from polymerized rosin, etc.): This subclass is indented under subclass 211. Processes wherein polymerized rosin or a derivative thereof undergoes further chemical treatment or color modification, or products of such processes.

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tion involving an intra and inter-molecu- 215 Esterification of rosin or derivative via car- lar rearrangement of the hydrogen atoms boxyl group, or product thereof: in the rosin acids to convert them into This subclass is indented under subclass 210. acids which lack nonbenzenoid double Processes wherein the carboxyl group of rosin bond conjugation and are therefore more or of a derivative thereof is esterified, or prod- stable to oxidation than abietic acid. ucts of such processes. Dehydroabietic acid, one of the principal products of disproportionation, contains (1) Note. Search this class, appropriate sub- one aromatic ring in the hydrophenan- classes, for the esterification of rosin via threne nucleus. an alcoholic hydroxy group which has been introduced into rosin by a chemical 220 The sulfur, selenium, or tellurium contain- reaction, e.g., with formaldehyde. ing material is inorganic: This subclass is indented under subclass 219. 216 Chemical treatment or color modification of Processes wherein the material containing sul- esterified rosin or derivative, or product fur, selenium or tellurium is inorganic. thereof (e.g., partial saponification of rosin triglycerides; removal of color bodies from 221 Nitrogen containing material used in the rosin esters, etc.): process, or product thereof: This subclass is indented under subclass 215. This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Processes wherein esterified rosin or a deriva- Processes wherein there is utilized a nitrogen tive thereof undergoes further chemical treat- containing material, or products of such pro- ment or color modification, or products of such cesses. processes. 222 The nitrogen containing material is inor- 217 Oxygen containing ring or halogen contain- ganic: ing material used in the esterification, or This subclass is indented under subclass 221. product thereof (e.g., using alkylene oxides, Processes wherein the material containing polysaccharides, alkyl halides, etc.): nitrogen is inorganic. This subclass is indented under subclass 215. Processes wherein the esterification utilizes an 223 Hydrogenation or product thereof (e.g., oxygen ring containing compound or a halogen forming dihydro rosin acids; rosinyl alcohol containing material, or products of such pro- or derivatives; etc.): cesses. This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Processes wherein rosin or a derivative thereof 218 Polyhydroxy material used in the esterifica- is reacted with hydrogen, or products of such tion, or product thereof (e.g., forming ester processes. gum, etc.): This subclass is indented under subclass 215. 224 Metal containing material used to form salts Processes wherein the esterification utilizes a of rosin acids, or product thereof: polyhydroxy containing material, or products This subclass is indented under subclass 210. of such processes. Processes wherein salts of rosin acids are formed using a metal containing material, or 219 Sulfur, selenium, or tellurium containing products of such processes. material used in the process, or product thereof (e.g., disproportionation of rosin, (1) Note. Metal salts of mixed naturally etc.): occurring resin (rosin) acids, also This subclass is indented under subclass 210. referred to as rosin soaps or metal Processes wherein there is utilized a material resinates, are included in this and the containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium, or indented subclass 225. products of such processes. (2) Note. The production of a pure rosin (1) Note. Many patents in this subclass are acid derivative of known chemical struc- directed to the disproportionation reac- ture from rosin or its derivative is classi-

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fied in the class and subclass providing for the compound produced. 227 Metal, halogen, or silicon containing mate- rial used in the process, or product thereof (3) Note. Compositions comprising a metal (e.g., using clay, zeolites, etc.): resinate and another component, such as This subclass is indented under subclass 226. water, excess alkali, etc., and having a Processes wherein a metal, halogen or silicon known utility are classified in the appro- containing material is utilized, or products of priate composition class. such processes.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 228 Purification process or product thereof: 106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic, This subclass is indented under subclass 210. subclasses 218+, for sizing composi- Processes for purification of rosin or its deriva- tions containing metal resinates. tives, or products of such processes.

225 Alkali metal containing material (i.e., Li, 229 Immiscible solvents used in the process, or Na, K, Rb or Cs): product thereof: This subclass is indented under subclass 224. This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Processes wherein the metal is an alkali metal. Processes which utilize immiscible solvents, or products of such processes. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 252, Compositions, subclass 367.1 for 230 Tall oil or derivative used as starting mate- soap compositions containing alkali- rial in process, or product thereof (e.g., metal salts of rosin acids. metal salts of tall oil fatty acids; tall oil 510, Cleaning Compositions for Solid Sur- pitch, etc.) dehydrogenated, or isomerized faces, Auxiliary Compositions There- rosin; etc.): for, or Processes of Preparing the This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Compositions, appropriate sub- Processes wherein the starting material used is classes, particularly subclasses 129, tall oil or a derivative thereof, or products of 141+, 343, 353+, 389, 437, 454, and such processes. 481+, for cleaning compositions which may comprise alkali-metal salts (1) Note. Tall oil is a by-product of the of rosin acids. wood pulp industry and is usually recov- ered from pine wood “black liquor” of 226 Heat treatment of rosin or derivative in the the sulfate or kraft paper processes. A absence of nonrosin organic reactants, or typical composition of tall oil includes product thereof (e.g., forming rosin oil; dis- 50-60% fatty acids (e.g., oleic, linoleic, proportionated, dehydrogenated, or isomer- etc.), 34-40% rosin acids, and 5-10% ized rosin; etc.): unsaponifiable matter, such as long chain This subclass is indented under subclass 210. alcohols and sterols. Processes wherein rosin or a derivative thereof is subjected to heat treatment in the absence of (2) Note. Although “tall oil fatty acids” any additional nonrosin organic reactant, or contain at least 90% of free fatty acids, products of such processes. they are included among natural resins because of a measurable content of rosin (1) Note. This subclass provides, among acids (up to 10%). other things, for certain disproportion- ation reactions. See the search note (3) Note. Compositions containing tall oil below for a description of the dispropor- or its reaction product as an ingredient tionation reaction. thereof and having a known utility are classified in the appropriate composi- SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- tion class providing therefor. CLASS: 219, (2) Note for a description of the dis- proportionation reaction.

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sifed as a related peptide if half the 231 Nitrogen containing material used in the amino acid residues of the named pep- process, or product thereof: tide are present. Polypeptides which are This subclass is indented under subclass 230. formed by joining the named peptide of Processes which utilize a nitrogen containing identical sequence to the named peptide material, or products of such processes. should be originally classified on the basis of the named peptide and cross-ref- 232 Esterification of tall oil acids, or product erenced to the appropriate subclasses. thereof: This subclass is indented under subclass 230. (4) Note. Functional Analogues. Peptides Processes wherein the acids present in tall oil claimed or disclosed as a functional ana- are esterified, or products of such processes. logue should be classified on the basis of structure, i.e., is the structure of the ana- 233 Sulfur, boron, phosphorus, or iodine con- logue a related peptide, and cross-refer- taining material used in the process, or enced to the subclass providing for the product thereof: named peptide that the patented peptide This subclass is indented under subclass 230. is claimed or disclosed as functioning Processes wherein a material containing sulfur, like. If there is no structural information boron phosphorus, or iodine is utilized, or present in the patent or otherwise obtain- products of such processes. able on the structural analogue, the patent should be originally classified in 300 PEPTIDES OF 3 TO 100 AMINO ACID the generic peptide subclass and cross- RESIDUES: referenced to the subclass providing for This subclass is indented under Class 260, sub- the named peptides. class 1. Compounds consisting of three or more amino acids joined covalently by peptide (5) Note. Joined peptide subunits. In the bonds. case where peptide chains are joined by covalent bonding as by S-S bonds (1) Note. A peptide bond is an amino bond through cysteine the number of amino between the carboxyl group of one acids in the peptide is the sum of the amino acid and the amino group of individual chains. another. (6) Note. IUPAC-IUB Nonmenclature. (2) Note. The border line, for purposes of Published in Archives of Biochemistry subclasses 300 to 427, between peptides and Biophysics. Titles: (1) Abbrevia- and proteins has been drawn at 100 tions and Symbols for chemical Names amino acid residues or a molecular of Special Interest in Biological Chemis- weight of about 10,000 where the num- try; Revised Tentative Rules (1965); ber of residues is unknown. Section 5, Nucleic Acids and Nucle- otides, year (1966), Volume 115, pages (3) Note. Related peptides. A peptide is 1-12. (2) Abbreviated Designation of classifiable in a given subclass if its Amino Acid Derivatives and Peptides, structure corresponds to at least half the year (1967), Volume 123, pages 1-5. (3) amino acid residues of the named pep- Rules for Naming Synthetic Modifica- tide. The product of side chain substitu- tions of Natural Peptides, year (1966), tion, C or N terminal chain will be Volume 121, pages 6-8. (4) Abbreviated classified with the named peptide as Nonmenclature of Synthetic Polypep- related peptides. The product of a tides (polymerized Amino Acid), year replacement reaction will be classified as (1968), Volume 123, pages 633-637. (5) a related peptide so long as less than half A One-Letter Notation for Amino Acids, the amino acid residues of the named year (1968), Volume 125, pages 1-5. (6) peptide have been replaced. The product Abbreviations and Symbols for the of a removal reaction or a partial Description of the Conformation of sequence (i.e., fragments) will be clas- Polypeptides Chains; Tentative Rules

September 2010 530 - 8 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

(1969), year (1971), Volume 145, pages 405-421. (8) Note. Structure. The primary structure of the shorter peptide has been included (7) Note. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS in the definitions. For the larger peptides Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) Regis- the Merck Monograph will often provide try Numbers are unique identifiers citations to articles disclosing the struc- assigned to chemical substances ture. The structure of the larger peptides recorded in the CAS Chemical Registry and proteins may be found on the on-line System. The CAS Registry Number services by using the compound name, itself has no chemical significance; it is C10hemical Abstracts Registry Number, simply a machine-checkable number or National Library of Medicine"s assigned to each substance as it enters MESH tree number in combination with the Registry System. CAS Registry the terms “sequence” or “structure”. Numbers appear in CA issues and in many computer-readable files. They (9) Note. Compositions. In general a pep- also may be found in several primary tide or protein containing composition journals, various handbooks, and in the will be provided for in a class providing National Library handbooks, and in the for the function or utility of the composi- National Library of Medicine"s TOX- tion, e.g., medicine, food, Class 252, LINE and CHEMLINE computer-based utilities, etc. A peptide mixed with a pre- information-retrieval services. For more serving agent whose sole function is to about the CAS Chemical Registry Sys- prevent chemical or physical change is tem or Registry System or Registry provided for with the peptide or protein. Numbers consult the introduction to the A peptide derived from a single source CAS REGISTRY HANDBOOK-Num- material such as a plant or animal ber Section. extract, so long as it is identified as a protein or peptide, is classified in this Medical Subject Headings: (1) Mesh class (530) even if a Class 424 utility is Tree Numbers: Mesh numbers are identi- disclosed or claimed. A plant or animal fiers applied to the National Library of extract will be provided in Class 424 if it Medicine"s indexers to articles in the is (a) a single source material and (b) is medical and related literature. The sub- of undetermined chemical constitution, ject headings are Index Medicus head- i.e., is claimed in terms of isolation tech- ings and are arranged in a hierarchical nique or physical properties. A recitation matter. The abstracts and indexing are as broad as “peptide” is enough to defeat available on line through several data placement in Class 424 on the basis of base suppliers. (2) Deleted Registry utility. Class 424 will provide for an Numbers: The CA registry numbers additive mixture containing a peptide found in the definitions of subclass 300 and other ingredients if the mixture has a to 427 are the current registry numbers. Class 424 utility. However, due to the long history and incomplete structural knowledge of pep- (10) Note. Classification of the more com- tide and protein chemistry, there are usu- mon amino acids: ally several deleted registry numbers for each current registry number. The cur- rent registry number should be used to find the deleted numbers in the registry file and should always be included in the online search statement. For further information on search technique related to deleted registry numbers see, CAS ONLINE NEWS May/June 1984, page 5.

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cific sequence of amino acids defined Amino Acids Classification identity and order (i.e., primary struc- Amino Acids commonly found in peptides and ture) having identity or closed relation to proteins: a humorial or cellular polypeptide or Alanine 562/575 having some humorial or cellular effect Arginine 562/560 due to its ordered structure. Asparagine 562/561 Aspartic acid 562/571 (12) Note. Peptide and Protein Structure. Cysteine 562/557 The nature, i.e., identity, of the constitu- Glutamine 562/563 ent amino acids and their sequence is Glutamic acid 562/573 referred to as the primary structure. A Glycine 562/575 primary structure will have a definite Histidine 548/344 three dimensional structure which is Isoleucine 562/575 called the secondary structure (usually Leucine 562/575 helical coiling). The secondary structure Lysine 562/562 of a large peptide or protein is wrapped Methionine 562/559 about and interwoven to develop the Phenylalanine 562/445 overall three dimensional structure of the Proline 548/535 molecule. This arrangement of the sec- Serine 562/567 ondary structure is referred to as the ter- Threonine 562/570 tiary structure and determines the Tryptophan 548/496 alosteric properties of many proteins. Tyrosine 562/444 Rare amino acids from protein SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: Desmosine 546/335 117, Single-Crystal, Oriented-Crystal, and 5 Hydroxylsine 562/564 Epitaxy Growth Processes; Non-Coat- 5 Hydroxyproline 548/532 ing Apparatus Therefor, for pro- Isodesmosine 546/335 cesses for growing therein-defined 3-Methylthistidine 548/335 single-crystal of all types of materials, E-N-Methyllysine 562/561 including inorganic or organic. Nonprotein Amino Acids 424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treat- B-Alanine 562/567 ing Compositions, has the following V-Aminobutyric Acid562/553 subclasses for proteins or proteina- Canavanine 562/560 ceous material 1.11+, for radionuclide Citrulline 562/560 or intended radionuclide containing; B-Cyanvalanine 260/465 418, 456, 460, 477+, 491+, 499, Djenkolic acid 562/557 520+; for a protein or peptide contain- Homocysteine 562/556 ing composition which functions as an Homoserine 562/567 antiperspirant or deodorant; 85.1+ for Ornithine 562/561 a composition containing a lymphok- Valine 526/575 ine; 130.1+ for a composition contain- ing an immunoglobulin, an antiserum, an antibody, or an antibody fragment; (11) Note. Synthetic Resins vs. Polypep- 184.1+ for a composition containing tides. The conceptual difference between an antigen, an epitope, or another the subject matter of synthetic resins immunospecific immunoeffector that provided for in the 520 series and may be proteinaceous; 278.1+ for a polypeptides (including proteins) pro- composition containing a nonspecific vided for in Class 530 is that the com- immunoeffector that may be proteina- pounds of the 520 series have ceous; 94.1+, for compositions con- statistically distributed amino acids or taining proteins identified as blocks of amino acids in their molecules enzymes; 520+, for compositions in a random sequence whereas 530 pro- many of which are considered to be vides for molecules composed of a spe- proteinaceous; an animal extract of

September 2010 530 - 10 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

undetermined constitution; 115+ for polypeptides for a process in which compositions which may be proteins the protein or polypeptide is physi- or peptides identified by elemental cally mixed with a preformed resin analysis. and subclasses 70+ for a process of 430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Pro- adding a protein or biologically active cess, Composition, or Product polypeptide to resin forming ingredi- Thereof, subclasses 59.6, 537, 539, ents during reaction of the resin form- 629, 640, 642, and 643 for composi- ers and the protein or polypeptide is tions containing proteins used in nonreactive. forming an image. 525, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, 435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and subclass 54.1 for the chemical reac- Microbiology, subclasses 68.1+ for tion of a peptide or protein with a pre- microbial or enzymatic synthesis of formed resin and subclass 54.11 for proteins and peptides; subclasses processes of stepwise assembly of a 183+ for the production of enzymes; polypeptide on a preformed polymer, and subclasses 74+ for the formation i.e., solid phase synthesis when there of immobilized enzymes and sub- is no claimed cleavage of the synthe- classes 269 and 272+ for the libera- sized polypeptide. tion or purification of proteins by 526, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, means of a microorganism or enzyme, subclass 238.1 for the formation of a particularly subclass 273 for the puri- synthetic resin from a protein or bio- fication of collagen or gelatin. logically active polypeptide where the 436, Chemistry: Analytical and Immuno- protein or polypeptide as well as all logical Testing, subclass 15 for a pro- other reactants are ethylenically tein containing composition used as a unsaturated. standard or control; 16, for a blood 528, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, standard; 66, for tests for hemoglobin particularly subclass 328 for a poly- or myoglobin, 66 for test for blood mer of amino acids and methods of clotting factor tests, 86+ for tests for making such a polyamino acid. proteins or peptides including 930, Peptide or Protein Sequence, sub- sequencing methods and subclass 501 classes 10+ for peptide or protein for a complement binding assay and sequences of four or more amino protein binding assays and subclasses acids. 506-548 for tests using antigen anti- body interactions in a chemical test, 301 Thymopoietin or Lipotropin; related pep- particularly subclasses 543-548 which tides: collect methods of modifying antigens This subclass is indented under subclass 300. and antibodies as part of a testing pro- Peptides containing at least half the amino acid cedure. residues in sequence of the polypeptide with 506, Combinatorial Chemistry Technol- the structure of Thymopoietin. ogy: Method, Library, Apparatus, for a peptide library or a method of mak- ing said library. 514, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treat- ing Compositions, subclasses 1 through 21.92 and cross-reference art collections 800-809 which provide for therapeutic or body treating composi- tions containing a peptide or protein as an organic active ingredient. 524, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, subclasses 9+ for plant or derived cel- lular material, subclasses 17+ for pro- teins or biologically active

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(5) Note. Thymopoietins; Synonyms. Thymin

(6) Note. Lipotropins; Synonyms: Adi- posin, Lipidmobilizing hormone, Lipolytic hormone, Pituitary lipotropic hormone, Adipozin, Pituitary lipotropin LPH, adikopinetic hormone.

(7) Note. CA Registry Numbers of unmodi- fied forms:

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 930, Peptide or Protein Sequence, sub- class 180 for thymus derived hormone or factor peptide or protein sequences.

302 Endorphins and Enkephalins; related pep- tides: This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Peptides containing at least half the amino acid residues in sequence of the polypeptide with the structure:

(1) Note. Thymopoietins; Physical Proper- ties:

(2) Note. Lipotropins; Physical Properties.

(1) Note. Physical Properties: Number of Residues

(3) Note. Thymopoietins; Physiological properties. Thymopoietin II induces T lymphocyte differentiation. (2) Note. Physiological Properties: Endor- (4) Note. Lipotropins; Physiological prop- phins, Morphine like action. Found in erties. Stimulates release of fatty acids brain, cerebrospinal fluid, pituitary and from adipose tissue. Belongs to the other organs. Function as neuromodula- ATCH family of peptide hormones. tors or transmitters. Enkephalins. Pen- tapeptides which mimic the action of

September 2010 530 - 12 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

morphine. Synthesized in the brain and pituitary possibly by degradation of (1) Note. Typically the complex is formed endorphins. by the addition of zinc chloride or a mix- ture of zinc chloride and protamine sul- (3) Note. Synonyms. (a) Endorphins: fate to insulin. Endogenous opiates, opiod peptides. (b) Enkephalins: Morphine line factor, pitu- (2) Note. Examples: Neutral Protamine itary opiate peptide. Hagedorn Insulin, Lente Insulin, Insulin Novo Lente, Depo-Insulin, Deposulin; (4) Note. CA Registry Numbers of unmodi- Insulyl-Retard. fied form: (3) Note. CA Registry Numbers of unmodi- SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: fied form: 9004-10-8 930, Peptide or Protein Sequence, sub- class 80 for endorphin or enkephaline peptide or protein sequences.

303 Insulin; related peptides: This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Peptides containing at least half the amino acid residues in sequence of the polypeptide with the structure of insulin.

(1) Note. Physiological properties. Regu- lates carbohydrate metabolism, influ- ences protein and RNA synthesis and the storage of neutral lipids.

(2) Note. Synonyms. Iletin, Endopancrine, Insular, Insulyl, Iszilin, Decuruon, Actrapid.

(3) Note. CA Registry Numbers of unmodi- fied form: 9004-10-8 305 Isolation or purification: This subclass is indented under subclass 303. Subject matter, in which preexisting insulin is isolated or separated.

(1) Note. Typically the processes of this subclass include solvent extraction of pancreatic tissue.

(2) Note. See subclass 344 for a guide to generic separation techniques.

306 Corticotropins (ATCH); related peptides: This subclass is indented under subclass 303. Peptides containing at least half the amino acid residues in sequence of the polypeptide with 304 Metal complexes, e.g., Zn-insulin, etc: the structure: This subclass is indented under subclass 303. Peptides in which the peptide is a complex of insulin and a metal.

Sep1 tember 2010 September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 13

(1) Note. Physical Properties. Number of (1) Note. Physical Properties: Numbers of Residues: 39. Molecular Weight: 4541 Residues: 32. Molecular Weight: 3,421

(2) Note. Physiological properties. Pitu- (2) Note. Physiological properties. Cal- itary hormone which stimulates release cium regulation hormone from thyroid of adrenal cortical steroids and induces gland in mammals and ultimobranchial growth of adrenal cortex. Sequence 1-13 gland in nonmammals. is equivalent to alpha melanotropin. (3) Note. Synonyms. Thyrocalcitonin, (3) Note. Synonyms. Adrenocorticotropic Elcatonin, Ultimobranchial Body, TCA, hormone Cosyntropin, 1-39 ATCH, TCT, Calcimar ATCH, Acethropan, Acortan, Acorto, Acthar, Acton, Actonar, Adrenome, (4) Note. CA Registry Numbers of unmodi- Alfatrofin, Cibacthen, Corstiline, Cort- fied form: 9007-12-9 iphyson, Isactid, Reacthin, Solacthyl, Tubex.

(4) Note. CA Registry Numbers of underiv- itized form: 9002-60-2

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 930, Peptide or Protein Sequence, sub- class 60 for corticotropin peptide or protein sequences.

308 Glucagon; related peptides: SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: This subclass is indented under subclass 300. 930, Peptide or Protein Sequence, sub- Peptides containing at least half the amino acid class 70 for corticotropin peptide or residues in sequence of the polypeptide with protein sequences. the structure.

307 Calcitonin; related peptides: This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Peptides containing at least half the amino acid residues in sequence of the polypeptide with the structure:

(1) Note. Physical Properties. Number Res- idues: 29. Molecular Weight: 3,483.

September 2010 530 - 14 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

All mammalian glucagons appear to be identical.

(2) Note. Physiological properties: Blood glucose regulatory hormone from the alpha cells of the pancreas.

(3) Note. Synonyms. Proglucagon (69) resi- dues MW8, 137) has been called glicen- tin. Glucagon, Hyperglycemic- glycosenolytic factor, HG-Factor, HGF Enteroglycagon is a glucagon like glyco- genolytic peptide of intestinal tract and is called gut glucagon or oxyntomodulin.

(4) Note. CA Registry Numbers of unmodi- fied form: 9007-92-5 (1) Note. Physical Properties:

(2) Note. Secretin; Physiological properties. Intestinal hormone which stimulates secretion of water and bicarbonate from the pancreas.

(3) Note. Gastrin; Physiological properties. Stimulates gastric secretion isolated from the mucusal lining of the gastric 309 Secretin or gastrin; related peptides: antrum. This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Peptides containing at least half the amino acid (4) Note. Secretin; Synonyms. Vitram residues in sequence of the polypeptide with the structure: (5) Note. CA Registry Numbers of unmodi- fied forms:

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310 Gramicidin or tyrocidin; related peptides: This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Peptides containing at least half the amino resi- dues in sequence of the polypeptide with the structure:

311 Somatostatin (SRIF); related peptides: This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Peptides containing at least half the amino acid residues in sequence of the polypeptide with the structure:

(1) Note. Physical Properties. Number of residues: 14. Molecular Weight: 1638

(1) Note. Synonyms. Gramodern, Pyrrolo (2) Note. Physiological properties. Inhibits (1, 2A) (1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 22, 25, secretion of pituitary growth hormone. 28) decaazacyclotriacontine. D is a com- plex of four components A, B, C, and D. (3) Synonyms. Growth hormone release- A second series (the isoleucine Gramaci- inhibiting factor, GH-RIF, somatotropin dins) has an isoleucine instead of valine release inhibiting hormone. in position 1. Gramicidin B has a Phe in position II, while Gramacidin has (4) Note. CA Registry Number of unmodi- tyrosine at this position. fied form: 38916-34-6

(2) Note. CA Registry Numbers of Unmod- ified form:

September 2010 530 - 16 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 930, Peptide or Protein Sequence, sub- (2) Note. Eledoisins Physiological proper- class 160 for somatostatin peptide or ties. Stimulates extravascular smooth protein sequences. muscle, acts as a vasodilator and hypotensive agent. 312 Melanotropin (MSH) or eledoisin; related peptides: (3) Note. Melanotropins; Synonyms. Mel- Peptides under subclass 300 containing at least anophore-affecting hormone; melano- half the amino acid residues in sequence of the cyte-stimulating hormone; MSH; polypeptide with the structure: melanophore hormone; melanophore dilating hormone; melanophore expand- ing hormone; melanophore-stimulating hormone; melanatropic hormone; chro- matophorotropic hormone; B-hor- mone;melanosome-dispersing hormone; pigmentation hormone.

(4) Note. Eledoisins; Synonyms L-Methio- inamide

(5) Note. CA Registry Numbers of unmodi- fied form:

(1) Note: Physical Properties.

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313 Lutenizing hormone-releasing factor (LRF); related peptides: This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Peptides containing at least half the amino acid residues in sequence of the polypeptide with the structure: (1) Note. Physical Properties. Number of Residues: 9. Molecular Weight: 1060.25.

(2) Note. Physiological properties. Acts on smooth muscle, dilates peripheral ves- sels, increases capillary permeability. A (1) Note. Physical Properties. Number of tissue belonging to a group of hypoten- Residues: 10. Molecular Weight: sive peptides known as plasma kinins. 1182.33. (3) Note. Synonyms. Kallidin I, Kallidin 9, (2) Note. Physiological properties. Stimu- Callidin I, L-Bradykinin, BRS640. lates secretion of pituitary hormones LH and FSH. (4) Note. CA Registry Number of unmodi- fied form: 58-82-2 (3) Note. Lutenizing hormone-releasing hormone, LRF, LH-RH, Gonadotropin- releasing hormone, Gonadotropin- releasing factor, Luteostimulin, Luliber- ing Gn-RH, Gonadoliberin, LRH, LH- FSH Releasing hormone, Nialutin, Hypothalamic Releasing factor, LHF- SHRH, Kryptocin, Lutamin.

(4) Note. CA Registry Numbers of unmodi- fied form: 9034-40-6 315 Oxytocin; vasopressin; related peptides: This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Peptides containing at least half the amino acid residues in sequence of the polypeptide with the structure:

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 930, Peptide or Protein Sequence, sub- class 130 for luteinizing hormone releasing hormone peptide or protein sequences.

314 Bradykinin; kallidin; related peptides: This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Peptides containing at least half the amino acid residues in sequence of the polypeptide with (1) Note. Physical Properties: the structure:

September 2010 530 - 18 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 930, Peptide or Protein Sequence, sub- class 150 for oxytocin or vasopressin peptide or protein sequences.

316 Angiotensin; related peptides: This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Peptides containing at least half the amino acid residues in sequence of the polypeptide with the structure: (2) Note. Physiological properties: Oxyto- cin. 9aa residue hormone posterior pitu- itary hormone. Causes uterine contractions. Stimulates lactation. Vaso- pressin. 9aa residue hormone from neu- rohypophysis of vertebrates. Controls Angiotensin I water metabolism. Contracts smooth muscle.

(3) Note. Synonyms: Oxytocin. Di-sipidin, alpha-Hypophamine, Pitocin, Piton S, Syntocin, Syntocinon, Uteracon, Nobito- Angiotensin II cin S, Syntocinone, Endopituitrina, Orasthin, Oxystin, 3-Isoleucine, 9 Leu- (1) Note. Physical Properties. cine, Vasopressin, Atonin O, (1-Hemi- cystine) -Oxytocin, Presoxin, Hyphotocin, 1,2-Dithia-5, 8, 11, 14, 17- pentaazacycloeicosane, 8-Leucyl Vaso- tocin Vasopressin Tonephin, beta- Hypophamine, ADH, Antidiuretic hor- mone, Pitressin, ADH, (Hormone) 1 Pituitrin P, 1,2-Dithia-5-8-11-14-17 Pen- (2) Note. Physiological properties: Angio- taazacycloeicosane. tensins range in size from precursors with 14 aa's to the 8aa Angiotensin II (4) Note. CA Registry Numbers of unmod- which is a vasoconstrictor. Changes in ifed form: the aa content produce antagonistic or inactive compounds.

(3) Note. Synonyms. Angiotonin, Hyper- tensin, angiotonin. Angiotensin 1 is the 1-10 residue of Angiotensinongen (25 residues).

(4) Note. CA Registry Number of unmodi- fied form: 1407-47-2

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319 Polymyxin; related peptides: This subclass is indented under subclass 318. Peptides containing at least half the amino acid residues of the polypeptide produced by Bacil- lus polymyxa and possessing antibiotic activity against Gram-negative bacteria.

(1) Note. Polymyxins are heteromeric, homodetic cyclic peptides. Polymyxins designated A, B, C, D, E and M are SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: known. 930, Peptide or Protein Sequence, sub- class 40 for angiotensin peptide or (2) Note. Synonyms. Syno-colistin. protein sequences. (3) Note. CA Registry Number of unmodi- 317 Cyclic peptides: fied form: 1406-11-7 Peptides under subclass 300 containing at least one ring fused only through peptide bonds.

(1) Note. The peptide bond may be other than that formed by the alpha amino nitrogen, e.g., through the 4 amino groups of 2,4 diamino butanoic acid (2,4 DAB).

(2) Note. Cyclic compounds in which one or more links in the ring are nonpeptide bonds are called heterodectic cyclic pep- tides.

(3) Note. Examples, alamethicin, amanitins, antamanide, cyclosporins, ennlatins, fer- richrome, mycovbacillin, phalloidine 320 Bacitracin; related peptides: This subclass is indented under subclass 317. (4) Note. Mesh tree number: D12.644.641 Peptides containing at least half the amino acid sequence of Bacitracin. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 930, Peptide or Protein Sequence, sub- (1) Note. Bacitracins are produced by vari- class 270 for cyclic peptides exclud- ous strains of Bacillus Licheniformis and ing those cyclic due to intrachain dis- Bacillus stubilis. ulfide bonds. (2) Note. Bacitracin. Synonyms. Ayfivin, 318 The cyclisation occurring through 4-amino Baciguent, Baci-Jel, Bacitek Ointment, radical of 2,4-diamino-butanoic acid: Paretracin, Penitracin, Topitracin, This subclass is indented under subclass 317. Zotraacin, Baciliguin, Bacillichin. CA Peptides containing at least one diaminobu- Registry Number of unmodified form: tanoic acid residue in the peptide cycle. 1405-87-4 (1) Note. 2,4 diamino-butanoic acid is abbreviated Dab or DAB.

September 2010 530 - 20 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

homomeric heterodectic peptide of other than cyclic disulfide, depsipeptides, etc.: This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Peptides in which a peptide chain contains an interchain nonpeptide moiety.

(1) Note.

(4) Note. The most important of the group is bacitracin A, which contains an unusual thiazoline structure synthesized from the N-terminal isoleucine and the neighboring cysteine. Bacitracin F is a rearrangment product of bacitracin A in which the amino group of the hetero- product is oxidatively removed and the thiazoline ring system is dehydrated.

(2) Note. Depsipeptide: polypeptides 321 Containing only normal peptide links in the which contains ester bonds as well as ring, i.e., homodetic cyclic peptides: peptide bonds. The naturally occurring This subclass is indented under subclass 317. Depsipeptides are usually cyclic pep- Cyclic peptides containing at least one ring tides, also called peptolides, which gen- formed by peptide bonds through only the erally have alpha or beta B-hydroxyacids alpha amino group of an amino acid. as heterocomponents. This class also includes O-peptides and peptide lac- 322 Peptides containing saccharide radicals, e.g., tones. The most important peptide lac- bieomycins, etc.: tones are the Actinomycins, Estamycin This subclass is indented under subclass 300. and Echionomycin; the peptolides Peptides containing at least one saccharide rad- include the Enninatins, Valinomycin, ical. Sporidesmolides, Serratamolide, Espe- rin, etc. (1) Note. Synonyms. Peptidoglycans. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: (2) Note. Mesh tree number: D12.644.233 930, Peptide or Protein Sequence, sub- class 30 for peptide or protein 323 Peptides with at least one nonpeptide bond sequences with nonpeptide or abnor- other than a disulfide bond joining two or mal peptide links. more sequences of amino acid residues, e.g.,

Sep1 tember 2010 September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 21

324 25 or more amino acid residues in defined (1) Note. Amino acid residue and primary sequence: structure are discussed in the generic This subclass is indented under subclass 300. subclass for peptides. Compounds comprising from 25 or more amino acid residues of defined primary struc- (2) Note. Peptides identified only by molec- ture. ular weight composition or partial sequence are provided for the generic (1) Note. Amino acid residues and primary peptide subclass. structures are discussed in the generic subclass for peptides. 328 8 to 10 amino acid residues in defined sequence: (2) Note. Peptides identified only by molec- This subclass is indented under subclass 300. ular weight compositions or partial Compounds comprising from 8 to 10 amino sequence are provided for in the generic acid residues of defined primary structure. peptide subclass. (1) Note. Amino acid residue and primary 325 24 amino acid residues in defined sequence: structure are discussed in the generic This subclass is indented under subclass 300. subclass for peptides. Compounds comprising 24 amino acid residues of defined primary structures. (2) Note. Peptides identified only by molec- ular weight composition or partial (1) Note. Amino acid residue and primary sequence are provided for in the generic structure are discussed in the generic peptide subclass. subclass for peptides. 329 6 to 7 amino acid residues in defined (2) Note. Peptides identified only by molec- sequence: ular weight composition or partial This subclass is indented under subclass 300. sequence are provided for in the generic Compounds comprising from 6 to 7 amino acid peptide subclass. residues of defined primary structure.

326 15 to 23 amino acid residues in defined (1) Note. Amino acid residue and primary sequence: structure are discussed in the generic This subclass is indented under subclass 300. subclass for peptides. Compounds comprising from 15 to 23 amino acid residues of defined primary structure. (2) Note. Peptides identified only by molec- ular weight composition or partial (1) Note. Amino acid residue and primary sequence are provided for in the generic structure are discussed in the generic peptide subclass. subclass for peptides. 330 4 to 5 amino acid residues in defined (2) Note. Peptides identified only by molec- sequence: ular weight composition or partial This subclass is indented under subclass 300. sequence are provided for in the generic Compounds comprising from 4 or 5 amino acid peptide subclass. residues of defined primary structure.

327 11 to 14 amino acid residues in defined (1) Note. Amino acid residue and primary sequence: structure are discussed in the generic This subclass is indented under subclass 300. subclass for peptides. Compounds comprising from 11 to 14 amino acid residues of defined primary structure. (2) Note. Peptides identified only by molec- ular weight composition or partial sequence are provided for in the generic peptide subclass.

September 2010 530 - 22 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

ucts of a broad synthesis process is 331 Tripeptides, e.g., tripeptide thyroliberin strongly recommended. (TRH) melanostatin (MIF), etc.: This subclass is indented under subclass 300. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: Compounds comprising 3 amino acid residues 526, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, of defined primary structure. subclass 238.1 for the formation of a synthetic resin from a protein or bio- (1) Note. Amino acid residues and primary logically active polypeptide where the structure are discussed in the generic protein or polypeptide as well as all subclass for peptides. other reactants are ethylenically unsaturated. (2) Note. Peptides identified only by molec- ular weight composition or partial 334 Polymer supported synthesis, e.g., solid sequence are provided for in subclass phase synthesis, Merrifield synthesis, etc.: 300. This subclass is indented under subclass 333. Processes in which synthesis includes the use 332 Containing at least one abnormal peptide of a soluble or insoluble polymer or resin link, e.g., gamma peptide bonded, etc.: covalently attached to an amino acid residue of This subclass is indented under subclass 330. the polypeptide chain being synthesized. Subject matter, in which the amino acid resi- dues are joined by a peptide bond formed by (1) Note. This subclass includes: (a) pro- other than an alpha amino acid. cesses of attachment of the initial amino acid or peptide to the polymer and pro- (1) Note. Gluthathione would be provided cesses of cleavage of the polypeptide for in this subclass. product from the polymer support; (b) processes of stepwise assembly of a SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- polypeptide in which amino acid resi- CLASS: dues are added one at a time to the poly- 317, for cyclic peptides containing at least mer supported amino acid residues or one nonalpha amino acid peptide peptide; (c) processes in which a bond. polypeptide segment is added to a poly- mer supported polypeptide. 333 Synthesis of peptides: This subclass is indented under subclass 300. (2) Note. Caution. Many patents directed to Processes which a polypeptide is synthesized polymer supported synthesis absent a (1) From amino acids or protected amino acids step of cleavage of the final product are or (2) by joining polypeptides or protected originally classified in Class 525 as an polypeptides to amino acids or protected amino after treated polymer. A complete search acids or polypeptides or protected polypep- for polymer supported synthesis must tides. include this class.

(1) Note. Methods of protecting or remov- SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: ing protective groups from peptides are 525, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, included here even if the synthesis steps subclass 54.1 for the chemical reac- are nominal. tion of a peptide or protein with a pre- formed resin and subclass 54.11 for (2) Note. This and the indented subclasses processes of stepwise assembly of a provide for patents which claim synthe- polypeptide on a preformed polymer, sis techniques not directed to producing i.e., solid phase synthesis when there one of the named peptides provided for is no claimed cleavage of the synthe- in subclasses 301-316 above. The syn- sized polypeptide. thesis of a peptide is usually unique to that peptide and the search of the sub- classes providing for the disclosed prod-

Sep1 tember 2010 September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 23

335 Protecting or removing protective groups, 338 Solution phase synthesis: e.g., carboxyl group protection, etc.: This subclass is indented under subclass 333. This subclass is indented under subclass 333. Processes in which the synthesis takes place in Processes wherein a peptide group, whose pur- solution. pose is to protect a functional group in a pep- tide, is attached to or removed from a peptide. 339 Segment condensation, e.g., Ugi condensa- tion, etc.: (1) Note. Carboxyl group protective agents This subclass is indented under subclass 338. in general use include: Processes in which peptides of two or more amino acid residues are joined with other pep- (a) alklyl esters that can be removed via tide of two or more amino acid residues to saponification reactions (e.g., via form a single large peptide. NaOH); the tert-butyl group is a pre- ferred carboxyl protecting group that can (1) Note. These processes are also called be removed via treatment with trifluoro- fragment condensation. acetic acid. 340 With phosphorus containing material: (b) benzyl ester, which can be reoved This subclass is indented under subclass 338. via: (1) catalytic hydrogenation; (2) Processes in which phosphorus or a phospho- treatment with Na in liquid amonia; or rus containing compound is present during syn- (3) saponification via NaOH thesis.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- (1) Note. The phosphorus containing mate- CLASS: rial is typically a reactant or a catalyst. 334, for the protection of a functional group in a peptide, or for the removal 341 With use of carbonimide or imidazole: of a protective group from a peptide, This subclass is indented under subclass 338. during a solid phase synthesis. Processes in which an imidazole or a carbon- imide is present during synthesis. 336 Of side chain or sulfur containing group: This subclass is indented under subclass 335. (1) Note. The use of diacyclohexylcar- Processes in which the addition or removal of bodimide as an activating agent would the protective groups is to or from a side or a be included here. sulfur containing group. 342 Mixed anhydride synthesis: (1) Note. Protective groups of this type This subclass is indented under subclass 338. include -S-benzyl, -O-benzyl, and -O-t- Processes in which the synthesis includes (1) butyl. forming a mixed anhydride by reacting an alpha-acylamino acid or an alpha-acylamino 337 Of amino group: peptide with a lower alkyl chloroformate in the This subclass is indented under subclass 335. presence of a tertiary amino base, and then (2) Processes in which the addition or removal is reacting the resulting free amino group or a of a protective group that protects an amino peptide derivative having a free amino group, group of the peptide. to form a peptide.

(1) Note. Protective groups of this type 343 By hydrolysis: include -C(=O)O-t-Bu (t-butyloxycarbo- This subclass is indented under subclass 333. nyl), C6H5CH2-O-C(=O)- (benzyloxy- Processes in which the synthesis includes a carbony), and trifluoroacetyl. step of hydrolysis.

(1) Note. The hydrolysis may be autolysis or chemical hydrolysis. The use of an enzyme or microorganism to hydrolyze a

September 2010 530 - 24 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

material is provided for in Class 435, Evaporating with subsequent vapor subclasses 68.1+. condensation is excluded from Class 159 and in such case, placement in 344 Separation or purification: Class 203, Distillation: Processes, This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Separatory, would be proper. Processes in which a pre-existing peptide is 201, Distillation: Processes, Thermolytic, isolated from a composition. provides for processes of thermolytic distillation wherein a solid carbon- (1) Note. The isolation procedure may aceous material is heated to vaporize a involve the chemical change or destruc- volatile portion and to cause chemical tion of materials in the composition decomposition of the heated material other than the peptide. to form different chemical substances at least some of which are volatile and SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: leave behind a solid carbonaceous 34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact material. With Solids, provides for processes of 203, Distillation: Processes, Separatory, separating liquids from solids or slur- provides for processes for separating a ries, i.e., drying as well as the contact liquid mixture by vaporizing and con- of solids with either, or both, gases or densing a portion thereof to isolate in vapors. If the starting material is in the condensed liquid or the unvapor- the form of a liquid suspension or ized portion a relatively pure com- solution even if the process is contin- pound which was present in the ued to the point of complete dryness, original mixture. The original mix- Class 159, Concentrating Evapora- ture may be in a solid form so long as tors, will take the process. it melts to form a liquid before it 62, Refrigeration, includes processes vaporizes. A solid original mixture which include removing heat by which undergoes chemical decompo- refrigeration from a substance sition leaving a carbonaceous residue whether solid, liquid, or vapor. In par- would be classifiable in Class 201, ticular, Class 62, subclasses 600+ will Distillation: Process, Thermolytic, take processes of making a solidified which is superior to Class 203. Pro- or liquified gaseous product provided cesses including a chemical reaction the gas has a normal boiling point and separatory distillation operation below 32 (methane, ethane, propane) are classified in Class 203 only when and Class 62, subclasses 500+ will the chemical reaction merely facili- take processes wherein a solution or tates the isolation by the separatory mixture is cooled to solidify a constit- distillation operation of a preexisting uent which is then removed from the substance in the distilland. See Class mixture. 260, Chemistry of Carbon Com- 159, Concentrating Evaporators, provides pounds, or Class 423, Chemistry of for processes peculiar to the concen- Inorganic Compounds, for a process tration of solids held in solution or of preparing a compound and isolat- suspension by evaporation of the liq- ing it by a separatory distillation pro- uid containing them and the recovery cess. of the concentrate. If the starting 204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave material is a solid or slurry placement Energy, subclasses 456+ for gel elec- in Class 34, Drying and Gas or Vapor trophoresis. Contact With Solids, would be indi- 210, Liquid Purification or Separation, cated. Class 159 will take concentra- includes processes for the separation tion to the point of crystallization or to or purification of a constituent from a dryness; however, removal of water of flowable liquid mixture by dialysis, crystallization is considered to be a sorption,, ion exchange liquid extrac- chemical reaction and placement tion, gravitational separation, or filtra- would not be proper in Class 159. tion as well as purification of a liquid

Sep1 tember 2010 September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 25

mixture by destruction or conversion chemical reaction producing a Class of a constituent. Processes directed to 260 product, (b) a purification process the purification of a particular com- directed to the purification of a Class pound or composition (including solu- 260 compound by a combination of tion of either the compound or physical separation techniques the composition in water), are classified classes for which do not provide for or with the particular compound or com- exclude the combination claimed. position. Insofar as the treatment of Chemical purification processes are liquids with ion exchange or sorption generally provided for with each materials are concerned, the following product produced. lines will be maintained. 422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Dis- (a) Where water is the only dis- infecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or closed liquid purified, the patent Sterilizing, subclass 101 for appara- will be classified in this class tus for carrying out the process of this (210). subclass. (b) (2) Where disclosure 435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and includes water, hydrocarbons Microbiology, subclasses 68.1+ for and/or other liquids the patent methods of using microrganism or will be classified: (a) In Class enzyme to liberate or purify a preex- 210 if all claims are broad as to isting substance. the liquid. (b) In Class 210 if several species of liquid are 345 Chemical aftertreatment, e.g., acylation, claimed and one species methylation, etc.: includes water. (c) In the appro- This subclass is indented under subclass 300. priate art class if some liquid Processes in which a preexisting peptide is other than water is the only liq- chemically modified. uid claimed (e.g., mineral oils in Class 208, organic compounds (1) Note. Since the synthesis of peptide has in Class 260). been provided for in a superior subclass, (c) (3) Purification or separation this subclass will contain only patents of liquids by flocculation only directed to addition or removal of non- are classified in Class 210. amino acid moieties to an existing pep- (d) (4) Processes wherein all tide structure. claims are limited to the deposi- tion of specific materials on ion- 350 PROTEINS, I.E., MORE THAN 100 exchangers or sorbents with sub- AMINO ACID RESIDUES: sequent recovery of the specific This subclass is indented under the class defini- materials are classified with tion. Subject matter in which a polypeptide is material so operated upon. composed of more than 100 amino acid resi- (e) Class 210 is superior to Class dues or has a molecular weight of greater than 95 and takes separating pro- 10,000. cesses, per se, generally dis- closed or claimed as fluid (1) Note. This subclass will provide for pro- separation, or if the disclosure or teins described only in terms of physical a claim is restricted to liquid properties such as molecular weight, separation. electrophoretic mobility, etc. 260, Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, provides for the liberation and purifi- (2) Note. Structures. The primary structure cation by chemical or physical means of the shorter peptides has been included of compounds and extracts falling in the definitions. For the proteins the within the class definition of Class Merck Monograph will often provide 260. Generally the physical processes citation to articles disclosing the struc- included are of two types (a) a purifi- ture. The structure of the larger peptides cation process prior or subsequent to a and proteins may be found on the on-line

September 2010 530 - 26 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

services by using the compound name, information-retrieval services. For more Chemical Abstracts Registry Number, or about the CAS Chemical Registry Sys- National Library of Medicine's MESH tem or Registry Numbers consult the tree number in combination with the introduction to the CAS REGISTRY terms “sequence” or “structure”. HANDBOOK-Number Section. (a) Medical Subject Headings: (3) Note. Compositions. In general a pro- (b) Mesh Tree Numbers: Mesh tein containing composition will be pro- numbers are identifiers applied the vided for in a class providing for the National Library of Medicine's function or utility of the composition, indexers to articles in the medical e.g., medicine, food, Class 252 utilities, and related literature. The subject etc. headings are Index Medicus head- ings and are arranged in a hierar- A protein mixed with a preserving agent chical matter. The abstracts and whose sole function is to prevent chemi- indexing are available on-line cal or physical change is provided for through several data base suppliers. with the peptide or protein. (c) Deleted Registry Numbers: The CAS Registry numbers found in A protein derived from a single source the definitions of subclass 300 to material such as a plant or animal 427 are the current registry num- extract, so long as it is identified as a bers. However due to the long his- protein is classified in this class (530) tory and incomplete structural even if a Class 424 utility is disclosed or knowledge of peptide and protein claimed. A plant or animal extract will chemistry there are usually several be provided for in Class 424 if it is (1) a deleted registry numbers for each single source material and (2) is of unde- current registry number. The cur- termined chemical constitution i.e., is rent registry number should be claimed in terms of isolation technique used to find the deleted numbers in or physical properties. A recitation as the registry file and should always broad as “protein” is enough to defeat be included in the on-line search placement in Class 424 on the basis of statement. For further information utility. on search technique related to deleted registry numbers, see CAS Class 424 will provide for an additive ON-LINE NEWS, May/June 1984 mixture containing a protein and other page 5. ingredients if the mixture has a Class 424 utility. (5) Note. Synthetic Resin vs. Polypeptide. The conceptual difference between the (4) Note. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: subject matter of synthetic resins pro- Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Reg- vided for in the 520 series and polypep- istry Numbers are unique identifiers tides (including proteins) provided for in assigned to chemical substances Class 530 is that the compounds of the recorded in the CAS Chemical Registry 520 series have statistically distributed System. The CAS Registry Number amino acid or blocks of amino acids in itself has no chemical significance; it is their molecules in a random sequence simply a machine-checkable number whereas 530 provides for molecules assigned to each substance as it enters composed of a specific sequence of the Registry System. CAS Registry amino acids of defined identity and order Numbers appear in CA issues and in (i.e., primary structure) having identity many computer-readable files. They also or close relation to a humerial or cellular may be found in several primary jour- polypeptide or having some humerial or nals, various handbooks, and in the cellular effect due to its ordered struc- National Library of Medicine's TOX- ture. LINE and CHEMLINE computer-based

Sep1 tember 2010 September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 27

about and interwoven to develop the (7) Note. Classification of the more com- overall three dimensional structure of the mon amino acids: molecule. This arrangement of the sec- ondary structure is referred to as the ter- Amino Acids Classification tiary structure and determines the Amino Acids commonly found in peptides and alosteric properties of many proteins. proteins: Alanine 562/575 SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: Arginine 562/560 106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic, for Asparagine 562/561 protein containing coating or plastic Aspartic acid 562/571 compositions, particularly subclasses Cysteine 562/557 4, 24, 124+, 645+, and indented sub- Glutaminic acid 562/573 classes. Glycine 562/575 117, Single-Crystal, Oriented-Crystal, and Histidine 548/344 Epitaxy Growth Processes; Non-Coat- Isoleucine 562/575 ing Apparatus Therefor, for pro- Leucine 562/575 cesses for growing therein-defined Lysine 562/562 single-crystal of all types of materials, Methionine 562/559 including inorganic or organic. Phenylalanine 562/445 424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treat- Proline 548/535 ing Compositions, has the following Serine 562/567 subclasses for proteins or proteina- Theronine 562/570 ceous material 1.11+, for radionuclide Tryptophan 548/496 or intended radionuclide containing; Tyrosine 562/444 65+, 418, 456, 460, 477+, 491+, 499, Rare amino acids from proteins for a protein or peptide containing Desmosine 546/335 compositions which functions as an 5 Hydroxylsine 562/564 antiperspirant or deodorant; for a 5-Hydroxyproline 548/532 composition containing a lymphok- Isodesmosine 546/335 ine; 130.1+ for a composition contain- 3-Methythistidine 548/335 ing an immunoglobulin, an antiserum, E-N-Methyllysine 562/561 an antibody, or an antibody fragment; Nonprotein Amino Acids 184.1+ for a composition containing B-Alanine 562/576 an antigen, an epitope, or another V-Aminobutyric acid 562/553 immunospecific immunoeffector that Canavanine 562/560 may be proteinaceous; 278.1+ for a Citrulline 562/560 composition containing a nonspecific B-Cyanvalanine 260/465 immunoeffector that may be proteina- Djenkolic acid 562/557 ceous; 94.1+, for composition con- Homocysteine 562/556 taining proteins identified as Homoserine 562/567 enzymes; 520+, for compositions Ornithine 562/561 many of which are considered to be Valine 526/575 proteinaceous; an animal extract of undetermined constitution; 115+ for compositions which may be proteins (8) Note. Peptide and Protein Structure. or peptides identified by elemental The nature, i.e., identity, of the constitu- analysis. ent amino acids and their sequence is 426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, referred to as the primary structure. A Compositions, and Products, appro- given primary structure will have a defi- priate subclasses, especially sub- nite three dimensional structure which is classes 63, 92, 105 for edible protein called the secondary structure (usually compositions or products and related helical coiling). The secondary structure process involving the same. of a large peptide or protein is wrapped

September 2010 530 - 28 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Arti- 524, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, cles, for a nonstructural stock material subclasses 9+ for plant or plant product in the form of a composite derived cellular material; subclasses web or sheet including a layer com- 17+ for proteins or biologically active prising protein, and other appropri- polypeptide or for a process in which ately titled subclasses (i.e., sub- the protein or polypeptide is physi- classes 435 and 458). cally mixed with a preformed resin 430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Pro- and subclasses 70+ for a process of cess, Composition, or Product adding a protein or biologically active Thereof, subclasses 59.6, 537, 539, polypeptide to resin forming ingredi- 629, 640, 642, and 643 for composi- ents during reaction of the resin form- tions containing proteins used in ers and the protein or polypeptide is forming an image. nonreactive; and subclasses 21+ for 435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and animal derived proteins such as blood, Microbiology, subclasses 68.1+ for particularly subclasses 22+ for Gela- the microbial or enzymatic synthesis tin and subclasses 25+ for Casein, for of proteins and peptides; subclasses a process in which the protein is phys- 183+ for the production of enzymes; ically mixed with a preformed resin. and subclasses 174+ for the formation 525, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, of immobilized enzymes and sub- subclass 54.1 for the chemical reac- classes 269 and 272+ for the libera- tion of a peptide or protein with a pre- tion or purification of proteins by formed resin and subclass 54.11 for means of microorganism or enzyme, processes of stepwise assembly of a particularly subclass 273 for the puri- polypeptide on a preformed polymer, fication of collagen or gelatin. i.e., solid phase synthesis when there 436, Chemistry: Analytical and Immuno- is no claimed cleavage of the synthe- logical Testing, subclass 15, for a pro- sized polypeptide and subclass 54.24 tein containing composition used as a for the chemical reaction of a flour or standard or control; 16, for a blood meal with a preformed resin. standard; 66, for test for blood clot- 526, Synthetic Resin or Natural Rubbers, ting factor tests; 86+, for tests for pro- subclass 238.1 for the formation of a tein or peptides including sequencing synthetic resin from a protein or bio- methods and subclass 501 for a com- logically active polypeptide where the plement binding assays and protein protein or polypeptide as well as all binding assays and subclasses 506- other reactants are ethylenically 548 for tests using antigen antibody unsaturated. interactions in a chemical test particu- 527, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, larly subclasses 543-548 which col- subclasses 100+ and 200+ for the for- lect methods of modifying antigens mation of a synthetic resin by simulta- and antibodies as part of a testing pro- neous chemical reaction of a protein cedure. cellular material (e.g., hair, horn, 506, Combinatorial Chemistry Technol- leather) or a protein or biologically ogy: Method, Library, Apparatus, for active polypeptide and resin forming a protein library or a method of mak- ingredient. ing said library. 528, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, 514, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treat- particularly subclass 328 for a poly- ing Compositions, subclasses 1 mer of amino acids and methods of through 21.92 and cross-reference art making such a polyamino acid. collections 800-809 which provide for 930, Peptide or Protein Sequence, sub- therapeutic or body treating composi- classes 10+ for peptide or protein tions containing a peptide or protein sequences of four or more amino as an organic active ingredient. acids.

Sep1 tember 2010 September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 29

conformation into: A. alpha-helicial 351 Lymphokines, e.g., interferons, interlukins, structure, e.g., alpha-keratins; B. Beta- etc.: pleated sheet structure, e.g., Beta-ker- This subclass is indented under subclass 350. atins, silk-fibroin; C. triple helical struc- Proteins which are soluable immune mediators ture, e.g., collagen. Conformation is produced by the cells of immune system. related to amino acid composition. The amino acid composition of Scleropro- (1) Note. Examples. Interferon, interleu- teins with Beta-pleated sheet structure kins, T Cell Growth Factor (TCGF), shows 90 percent of the simple amino migration inhibitory factor (MIF), lym- acids glycine, alanine and serine. Beta- photoxin (LT), macrophage factors keratin also contains a large number of (monokines, Mk; macrophage activation cystine residues. Collagen characteristi- or inhibition factor, MAF). cally contains high concentration of the nonhelix forming amino acid, proline (2) Note. This subclass is intended to col- and hydroxyproline. lect both lymphocyte factors (lymphok- ines, LK) and macrophage factor 354 Gelatin: (monokines, MK). This subclass is indented under subclass 353. Proteins having the structure of gelatin and (3) Note. Mesh tree number: D24.611.632. compounds derived from these by addition to or deletion of parts of the polypeptide struc- SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: ture. 930, Peptide or Protein Sequence, sub- classes 140 through 145 for lym- (1) Note. Gelatin is not found in nature but phokine peptide or protein sequences. is derived by hydrolysis of collagen.

352 Phosphoproteins, e.g., phosvitin, vitelloge- (2) Note. Composition. Approximate nin, etc.: amino acid content: glycine 25.5 per- This subclass is indented under subclass 350. cent, alanine 8.7 percent, valine 2.5 per- Proteins which are conjugated proteins con- cent, leucine 3.2 percent, isoleucine 1.4 taining phosphate esterified with the hydroxyl percent, cystine and cysteine 0.1 percent, group of serine or threonine residues. methionine 1.0 percent, phenylalanine 2.2 percent, proline 18 percent, hydrox- (1) Note. Casein and ovalbumin are yproline 14 percent, serine 0.4 percent, excluded from this subclass. threonine 1.9 percent, tyrosine 0.5 per- cent, aspartic acid 6.6 percent, glutamic (2) Note. Mesh tree number: D12.776.744. acid 11.4 percent, arginine 8.1 percent, lysine 4.1 percent, histidine 0.8 percent. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- The total is over 100 percent because CLASS: water is incorporated into the molecules 358, for nuclein. of the individual amino acids. 360, for casein. 367, for ovalbumin. (3) Note. Synonyms. Pharmagel A or B, Spongiofort, Gelatine Gelfoam, Puragen. 353 Scleroproteins, e.g., fibroin, elastin, silk, Older Patents use the word glue to refer etc.: to impure gelatin; these patents have This subclass is indented under subclass 350. been placed here arbitrarily. Proteins having the structure of scleroproteins and compounds derived from these by addition (4) Note. CA Registry Number of unmodi- to or deletion of parts of the polypeptide struc- fied form: 900-70-8 ture.

(1) Note. Physical Properties. Scleropro- teins are subdivided on the basis of chain

September 2010 530 - 30 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid phase dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: systems of continuous or semicontin- 430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Pro- uous solid phase with discontinuous cess, Composition, or Product liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- Thereof, subclasses 537 through 539 , ulates); or agents for such systems or 628, 640, and 642 for compositions making or stabilizing such systems or containing gelatin used in forming an agents; in each instance, when generi- image. cally claimed or when there is hierar- 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; chically superior provision in the Subcombinations Thereof; Processes USPC for the specifically claimed art. of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid 356 Collagen: systems of colloid-sized solid phase This subclass is indented under subclass 353. dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- Proteins having the structure of collagen and uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid compounds derived from these by addition to systems of continuous or semicontin- or deletion of parts of the polypeptide struc- uous solid phase with discontinuous ture. liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- ulates); or agents for such systems or (1) Note. Physical Properties. Number of making or stabilizing such systems or Residues: approximately 1000. Molecu- agents; in each instance, when generi- lar Weight: about 130,000. The collagen cally claimed or when there is hierar- molecule contains three peptides chains, chically superior provision in the each having about 1000 amino acids res- USPC for the specifically claimed art. idues. Nearly one third of all the resi- 524, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, dues are glycine, with typical repeating subclasses 21+ for animal derived sequences being Gly-Pro-Hyp and Gly- proteins such as blood, particularly Pro-Ala. The chains are arranged in a tri- subclasses 22+ for Gelatin and 25+ ple helix and contain intramolecular for Casein, for a process in which the cross-links. Denaturation of collagen is protein is physically mixed with a pre- the conversion of the rigidly coiled helix formed resin. to a random coil called gelatin. 355 Separation, purification or synthesis: (2) Note. Type of Collagen This subclass is indented under subclass 354. Processes in which gelatin is (a) isolated from a Type Distribution preexisting material or composition of (b) is I Skin, tendon, bone, cor- chemically synthesized. nea II Cartilage, intervertebral (1) Note. Processes of chemical after treat- disc, vitreous body ment of preexisting gelatin are provided III Fetal skin,cardiovascular for in 354 above. system IV Basement membrane (2) Note. See subclass 344 for a detailed description of classes providing for sepa- ration, per se. (3) Note. Synonyms. Ossein, Avitene, Avi- con.

Sep1 tember 2010 September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 31

tance to proteolytic enzymes: (c) resis- (4) Note. Sources. Hides, skin, leather hair, tances hydrolysis; (d) Lysis by mixtures connective tissue. of substances which break the -S-S- bonds and the hydrogen bonds. (5) Note. CA Registry Number of unmodi- fied form: 9007-34-5 (2) Note. Keratins contain all the common amino acids and have a high cystine con- tent.

(3) Note. Sources. Horns, wool, feathers, shells, fingernail, claws, beaks, scales, whalebone (i.e., pseudokeratin).

(4) Note. CA Registry Number of unmodi- fied form: SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid phase dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid systems of continuous or semicontin- SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: uous solid phase with discontinuous 536, Organic Compounds, subclass 20 for liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- the polysaccharide chitin. ulates); or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or 358 Nucleoproteins, i.e., chromatin, chromo- agents; in each instance, when generi- somal proteins, histones, protamines, salm- cally claimed or when there is hierar- ine, etc.: chically superior provision in the This subclass is indented under subclass 350. USPC for the specifically claimed art. Proteins conjugated with nucleic acids. 527, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, subclasses 100+ and 200+ for the for- (1) Note. Upon hydrolysis nucleoproteins mation of a synthetic resin by simulta- yield proteins and nucleic acids. Further neous chemical reaction of a protein hydrolysis of the nucleic acid fraction cellular material (e.g., hair, horn, will yield a mixture of purine and pyrim- leather) or a protein or biologically idine bases (Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine active polypeptide and resin forming Thymine, Uracil), sugars (ribose or ingredient. deoxyribose) and phosphoric acid.

357 Keratin: (2) Note. Casein for purposes of this class is This subclass is indented under subclass 350. excluded from nucleoproteins. Proteins having the structure of Keratin and compounds derived from these by addition to (3) Note. Examples. Chromatin, Hetero- or deletion of parts of the polypeptide struc- chromatin, nucleosomes, histone and ture. nonhistone chromosomal proteins, clu- peine, salmine, ribonucleoproteins (1) Note. Physical Properties. Characteris- tic properties of keratins: (a) insolubil- (4) Note. Mesh tree number: D12.776.664 ity in water, including aqueous solutions of salts, hydrotropic, substances, and dilute acids and bases at tempertures not much above room temperature; (b) resis-

September 2010 530 - 32 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

359 Lipoproteins, e.g., egg yolk proteins, cylomi- crons, etc.: This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Proteins which are conjugated with a lipid.

(1) Note. Lipids include complex lipids which contain fatty acids as components (2) Note. Source. Produced in mammary (e.g., acylglycerols, phosphoglycerides, tissue from amino acids supplied by the sphingolipids, etc.) and the simple lipids blood. Obtained from milk by removing (terpenes and steroids). the cream and acidifying the skimmed milk which causes casein to precipitate. (2) Note. This subclass provides for lipo- In cheese manufacture, casein is precipi- protein systems, i.e., transport lipopro- tated by the lactic acid formed from the teins and membrane systems, in which same milk by rennet is favored for casein the lipid and protein are held together by intended for plastics manufacture. hydrophobic interactions between the nonpolar portions of the lipid and protein (3) Note. Synonyms. Protoflex, Protaflex, components. FN4, FN5

(3) Note. Synonyms. Apolipoprotein- (4) Note. CA Registry Number of unmodi- serine, Lipoprotein Cl, Vitellogenin, Pro- fied form: 9000-71-9* teolipids, Apolipoproteins.

(4) Note. CA Registry Number: 53570-63-1

360 Casein or caseinate: This subclass is indented under subclass 350. (5) Note. Milk proteins includes albumins, Proteins having the structure of casein and caseins and lactoglobulins. compounds derived from these by addition to or deletion of parts of the polypeptide struc- SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: ture. 430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Pro- cess, Composition, or Product (1) Note. Physical Properties. (Bovine) Thereof, subclasses 59.6, 537, 539, 628, 640, 642, and 643 for composi- tions containing casein used in form- ing an image. 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid phase dispersed in aqueous continuous liq-

Sep1 tember 2010 September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 33

uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid or deletion of parts of the polypeptide struc- systems of continuous or semicontin- ture. uous solid phase with discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- (1) Note. Physical Properties: A group of ulates); or agents for such systems or proteins characterized by heat coagula- making or stabilizing such systems or bility and solubility in dilute salt solu- agents; in each instance, when generi- tion. cally claimed or when there is hierar- chically superior provision in the (2) Note. Grain and soybean albumins, as USPC for the specifically claimed art. well as all plant albumins are excluded 524, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, from this subclass and provided for in subclasses 21+ for animal derived subclasses 370+. proteins such as blood, particularly subclasses 22+ for Gelatin and 25+ (3) Note. Albumin refers to egg white or for Casein, for a process in which the dried egg white. Albumin contains 75 protein is physically mixed with a percent ovalbumin, ovoconalbumin, proformed resin. ovomucoid, ovomucin, ovoglobulin, lysozyme and avidin. 361 Separation, purification or synthesis: This subclass is indented under subclass 360. (4) Note. Mesh tree number: D12. 776.34 Processes in which casein (1) is isolated from a preexisting material or composition or (2) is chemically synthesized.

(1) Note. Processes of chemical after treat- ment of preexisting casein is provided for in 360 above. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: (2) Note. See subclass 345 for a detailed 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; description of classes providing for sepa- Subcombinations Thereof; Processes ration, per se. of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: systems of colloid-sized solid phase 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- Subcombinations Thereof; Processes uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or systems of continuous or semicontin- Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid uous solid phase with discontinuous systems of colloid-sized solid phase liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- ulates); or agents for such systems or uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid making or stabilizing such systems or systems of continuous or semicontin- agents; in each instance, when generi- uous solid phase with discontinuous cally claimed or when there is hierar- liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- chically superior provision in the ulates); or agents for such systems or USPC for the specifically claimed art. making or stabilizing such systems or agents; in each instance, when generi- 363 Serum albumin, e.g., BSA, HSA etc.: cally claimed or when there is hierar- This subclass is indented under subclass 362. chically superior provision in the Proteins having the structure of serum albumin USPC for the specifically claimed art. and compounds derived from these by addition to or deletion of parts of the polypeptide struc- 362 Albumin: ture. This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Proteins having the structure of albumin and (1) Note. Physical Properties: Molecular compounds derived from these by addition to Weight: about 69.000 structure consists

September 2010 530 - 34 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

of carbohydrate-free polypeptide chain connecting four globular segments of (1) Note. Processes of chemical after treat- unequal size stabilized by seventeen S-S ment of preexisting serum albumin are bridges. provided for in subclass 363 above.

(2) Note. Physiological properties. Involved (2) Note. See subclass 344 for a detailed in osmotic regulation and the transport description of classes providing for sepa- of sparingly soluble metabolic products ration, per se. from one tissue to another, especially in the transport of free fatty acids. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; (3) Note. Synonyms. Albumin, from blood; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes Albuminate; Albuminar; Albumisol; of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Albuspan; Buminate; Pro-Bumin; Prose- Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid rum. systems of colloid-sized solid phase dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- (4) Note. CA Registry Number: 9048-46-8* uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid systems of continuous or semicontin- uous solid phase with discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- ulates); or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents; in each instance, when generi- cally claimed or when there is hierar- chically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.

365 Lactalbumin, e.g., milk source, etc.: SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: This subclass is indented under subclass 362. 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Proteins having the structure of lactalbumin Subcombinations Thereof; Processes and compounds derived from these by addition of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or to or deletion of parts of the polypeptide struc- Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid ture. systems of colloid-sized solid phase dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- (1) Note. Physical Properties: Alpha lactal- uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid bumin (Bovine). Number of Residues: systems of continuous or semicontin- 123. Molecular Weight: 14,183. uous solid phase with discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- (2) Note. Physiological properties. Alpha- ulates); or agents for such systems or lactalbumin is related to animal making or stabilizing such systems or lysozymes. agents; in each instance, when generi- cally claimed or when there is hierar- (3) Note. Synonyms. chically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art. (4) Note. CA Registry Number of unmod- ifed form: 12585-12-5 364 Separation, purification or synthesis: This subclass is indented under subclass 363. Processes in which serum albumins (a) is iso- lated from a preexisting material or composi- tion or (b) is chemically synthesized.

Sep1 tember 2010 September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 35

chically superior provision in the SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: USPC for the specifically claimed art. 426, Food or Edible Material: Processes Compositions, and Products, appro- 367 Ovalalbumin, e.g., avidin, conalbumins, etc.: priate subclasses, especially sub- This subclass is indented under subclass 362. classes 63, 92, 105, for edible protein Proteins having the structure of ovalbumin and compositions or products and related compounds derived from these by addition to process involving the same. or deletion of parts of the polypeptiede struc- 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; ture. Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or (1) Note. Physical Properties. Numbers of Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid residue: 400. Molecular Weight: systems of colloid-sized solid phase 45,000. Structure is a complex protein dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- consisting of a single polypeptide chain uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid of about 400 residues, a minimum of two systems of continuous or semicontin- phosphate residues per mole, and an uous solid phase with discontinuous oligo-saccharide side chain composed of liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- only mannose and glucosamine residues. ulates); or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or (2) Note. Source. Ovalbumin, comprises 75 agents; in each instance, when generi- percent of the protein of egg white from cally claimed or when there is hierar- hen's eggs where it occurs with avidin, chically superior provision in the lysozyme, conalbumin and ovomacoid. USPC for the specifically claimed art. (3) Note. Synonyms: egg albumin, ovalbu- 366 Separation, purification or synthesis: min This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Processes in which lactal albumin (a) is iso- (4) Note. CA Registry Number of unmod- lated from a preexisting material or composi- ifed form: tion or (b) is chemically synthesized.

(1) Note. Processes of chemical after treat- ment of preexisting lactal albumins are provided for in 365 above.

(2) Note. See subclass 344 for a detailed description of classes providing for sepa- ration, per se.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid phase dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- (5) Note. Physical Properties. Chicken Avi- uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid din. Number of Residues: 128. Molecu- systems of continuous or semicontin- lar Weght: 14,332 structure is a uous solid phase with discontinuous glycoprotein containing four essentially liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- identical subunits: With a combined ulates); or agents for such systems or molecular weight of about 66,000. Each making or stabilizing such systems or subunit is a single polypeptide chain agents; in each instance, when generi- containing 128 amino acid residues with cally claimed or when there is hierar- alanine at the N-terminal, glutamic acid

September 2010 530 - 36 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

at the C-terminal, and a carbohydrate moieity attached at the asparaginly resi- (1) Note. Processes of chemical after treat- due position 17. ment of preexisting of ovalbumins are provided for in 367 above. (6) Note. Avidin. Source. Isolated from raw egg white protein of eggs of birds (2) Note. See subclass 344 for a detailed and amphibia. description of classes providing for sepa- ration, per se. (7) Note. Avidin CA Registry Number of form: SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid phase dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid systems of continuous or semicontin- uous solid phase with discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- ulates); or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents; in each instance, when generi- cally claimed or when there is hierar- SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: chically superior provision in the 426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, USPC for the specifically claimed art. Compositions, and Products, appro- priate subclasses, especially sub- 369 Separation, purification or synthesis: classes 63, 92, 105 for edible protein This subclass is indented under subclass 362. compositions or products and related Processes in which albumin (a) is isolated from process involving the same. a preexisting material or composition or (b) is 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; chemically synthesized. Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or (1) Note. See subclass 344 for a detailed Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid description of classes providing for sepa- systems of colloid-sized solid phase ration, per se. dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: systems of continuous or semicontin- 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; uous solid phase with discontinuous Subcombinations Thereof; Processes liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or ulates); or agents for such systems or Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid making or stabilizing such systems or systems of colloid-sized solid phase agents; in each instance, when generi- dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- cally claimed or when there is hierar- uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid chically superior provision in the systems of continuous or semicontin- USPC for the specifically claimed art. uous solid phase with discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- 368 Separation, purification or synthesis: ulates); or agents for such systems or This subclass is indented under subclass 367. making or stabilizing such systems or Processes in which ovalbumins (a) is isolated agents; in each instance, when generi- from a preexisting material or composition or cally claimed or when there is hierar- (b) is chemically synthesized. chically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.

Sep1 tember 2010 September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 37

370 Plant proteins, e.g., derived from legumes, SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: algae or lichens, etc.: 435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Microbiology, subclasses 254.1+ for Proteins derived from green or nongreen subject matter involving fungi and plants. yeast including processes and compo- sitions for their propagation, etc. (1) Note. Examples. abrin, chloroplast cou- 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; pling factor, concanavalin A, ferredox- Subcombinations Thereof; Processes ins, ricin, plastocyanin phytochrome. of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid (2) Note. Mesh tree number:D12.776.691, systems of colloid-sized solid phase D12.776.765 dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: systems of continuous or semicontin- 426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, uous solid phase with discontinuous Compositions, and Products, appro- liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- priate subclasses, especially sub- ulates); or agents for such systems or classes 63, 92, 105 for edible protein making or stabilizing such systems or compositions or products and related agents; in each instance, when generi- process involving the same. cally claimed or when there is hierar- 435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and chically superior provision in the Microbiology, subclasses 257.1+ for USPC for the specifically claimed art. subject matter involving algae includ- ing processes and compositions for 372 Derived from grain, e.g., prolamines, etc.: their propagation, etc. This subclass is indented under subclass 370. 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Plant proteins which are isolated or extracted Subcombinations Thereof; Processes from grain or from a fraction or isolate of of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or grain. Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid phase (1) Note. Grain includes: Wheat, rye, oats, dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- barley, treticale, corn, rice, maize and uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid products made from grains such as systems of continuous or semicontin- flours, peeled grains, germ, etc. uous solid phase with discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: ulates); or agents for such systems or 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; making or stabilizing such systems or Subcombinations Thereof; Processes agents; in each instance, when generi- of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or cally claimed or when there is hierar- Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid chically superior provision in the systems of colloid-sized solid phase USPC for the specifically claimed art. dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- 930, Peptide or Protein Sequence, sub- uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid class 230 for multicelluar plant systems of continuous or semicontin- derived peptide or protein sequences. uous solid phase with discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- 371 Derived from fungi, e.g., yeasts, mushroom, ulates); or agents for such systems or etc.: making or stabilizing such systems or This subclass is indented under subclass 370. agents; in each instance, when generi- Plant proteins which are isolated or extracted cally claimed or when there is hierar- from fungi or from a fraction or isolate of chically superior provision in the fungi. USPC for the specifically claimed art.

September 2010 530 - 38 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

524, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, addition or deletion of parts of the polypeptide subclass 47 for the use of a farina- structure. ceous material such as wheat as a physical additive to a preformed resin. (1) Note. Physical Properties. For the struc- 525, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, ture of Gluten see Pance et al, Cereal subclass 54.24 for the chemical reac- Chemistry, Vol. 27, page 335 (1950). tion of a flour or meal with a pre- formed resin. (2) Note. Gluten is a protein isolate from wheat intermixed with the starchy 373 Zein: endosperm of the grain. Gliadin is a pro- This subclass is indented under subclass 372. lamine derived from grain containing up Proteins having the structure of zein and com- to 43 percent glutamine. pounds derived from these by addition to or deletion of parts of the polypeptide structure. (3) Note.

(1) Note. Physical Properties. Molecular Weight: greater than 38,000

(2) Note. Zein is the product of extracting gluten meal with dilute isopropanol.

(3) Note. CA Registry Number: 9010-66-6*

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid phase systems of colloid-sized solid phase dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid systems of continuous or semicontin- systems of continuous or semicontin- uous solid phase with discontinuous uous solid phase with discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- ulates); or agents for such systems or ulates); or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents; in each instance, when generi- agents; in each instance, when generi- cally claimed or when there is hierar- cally claimed or when there is hierar- chically superior provision in the chically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art. USPC for the specifically claimed art.

374 Gluten or gliadin: 375 Derived from wheat: This subclass is indented under subclass 372. This subclass is indented under subclass 372. Proteins having the structure of Gluten or Glia- Plant proteins which are isolated or extracted din and compounds derived from these by from wheat or from a fraction or isolate of wheat.

Sep1 tember 2010 September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 39

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: (1) Note. Included as oil seeds are: castor 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; bean; cotton seed; flax seed; hemp seed; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes linseed; navy bean; peanut; pinto bean; of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or rape seed; sesame seed; soybeans; sun- Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid flower seed systems of colloid-sized solid phase dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; systems of continuous or semicontin- Subcombinations Thereof; Processes uous solid phase with discontinuous of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid ulates); or agents for such systems or systems of colloid-sized solid phase making or stabilizing such systems or dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- agents; in each instance, when generi- uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid cally claimed or when there is hierar- systems of continuous or semicontin- chically superior provision in the uous solid phase with discontinuous USPC for the specifically claimed art. liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- 524, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, ulates); or agents for such systems or subclass 47 for the use of a farina- making or stabilizing such systems or ceous material such as wheat as a agents; in each instance, when generi- physical additive to a preformed resin. cally claimed or when there is hierar- chically superior provision in the 376 Derived from corn: USPC for the specifically claimed art. This subclass is indented under subclass 372. Plant proteins which are isolated or extracted 378 Derived from soybean: from corn or from a fraction or isolate of corn. This subclass is indented under subclass 377. Plant proteins which are isolated or extracted SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: from soybean or from a fraction or isolate of 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; soybean. Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; systems of colloid-sized solid phase Subcombinations Thereof; Processes dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid systems of continuous or semicontin- systems of colloid-sized solid phase uous solid phase with discontinuous dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid ulates); or agents for such systems or systems of continuous or semicontin- making or stabilizing such systems or uous solid phase with discontinuous agents; in each instance, when generi- liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- cally claimed or when there is hierar- ulates); or agents for such systems or chically superior provision in the making or stabilizing such systems or USPC for the specifically claimed art. agents; in each instance, when generi- cally claimed or when there is hierar- 377 Derived from oil seed, e.g., cotton seed, chically superior provision in the rapeseed, sunflower, etc.: USPC for the specifically claimed art. This subclass is indented under subclass 370. Plant proteins which are isolated or extracted from oil seed or from a fraction or isolate of oil seed.

September 2010 530 - 40 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

379 Derived from leafy green plants, e.g., alfalfa Albumin pollen, etc.: This subclass is indented under subclass 370. Alpha1-Lipoprotein Plant proteins which are isolated or extracted from leafy green plants or from a fraction or Alpha1-Acid glycoprotein isolate of leafy green plants.

Alpha1-Antitrypsin (1) Note. Included as leafy green plants are: alfalfa; beet foliage; celery; cabbage; Alpha Glycoprotein kale; lettuce; silage; spinach. Also 1 included is the juice from crushed green plants, and pollens extracted from grass. Transcortin

(2) Note. Pollen is arbitrarily included here 4.6S-Postalbumin regardless of source. Alpha1-glycoprotein SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Thyroxin-binding globulin Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inter-alpha-trypsin-inhibitor Inhibiting, subclasses 77+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid phase GC-globulin dispersed in aqueous continuous liq- uid phase, subclasses 98+ for colloid Haptoglobin systems of continuous or semicontin- uous solid phase with discontinuous Ceruloplasmin liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- ulates); or agents for such systems or Cholinesterase making or stabilizing such systems or agents; in each instance, when generi- Alpha2-Lipoproteins(s) cally claimed or when there is hierar- chically superior provision in the Alpha2-Macroglobulin USPC for the specifically claimed art. Alpha2-HS-glycoprotein 380 Blood proteins or globulins, e.g., proteogly- cans, platelet factor 4, thyroglobulin, thy- Zn-Alpha2-glycoprotein roxine, etc.: This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Alpha -Neuramino-glycoprotein Proteins identified as Blood Proteins or Globu- 2 lins and compounds derived from these by Erythropoietin addition to or deletion of parts of the polypep- tide structure. Beta-lipoprotein (1) Note. This subclass includes transcobal- Transferrin amins, thrombosthenin, macroglobulin, microglobulin, lactoglobulin, thrombo- Hemopexin globulin as well as serum or plasma pro- teins. Fibrinogen (2) Note. Protein found in human plasma Plasminogen include: Beta -glycoprotein I Prealbumin 2

Sep1 tember 2010 September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 41

Beta2 -glycoprotein II 381 Blood coagulation factors and fibrin, e.g., thromboplastin, etc.: Immunoglobulin G This subclass is indented under subclass 380. Proteins identified as Blood Coagulation Fac- (IgG) or Gamma G-globulin tors or fibrin and compounds derived from these by addition to or deletion of parts of Immunoglobulin A (IgA) or Gamma A- polypeptide structure. globulin (1) Note. Important blood clotting factors Immunoglobulin M include:

(Iga) or Gamma M-globulin International designationName I Fibrinogen Immunoglobulin D (IgD) or Gamma D- II Prothrombin Globulin IIa Thrombia III Tissue thromboplastin Immunoglobulin E (IgD) or Gamma E V and VI Proaccelerin, accelerat or Globulin globulin VII Proconvertin Free K and Gamma light chains VIII Antihemophilic globu- lin (AHG) Complement factors IX Christmas Factor, plasma thromboplastin compo- (3)Note. nent (PTC) X Stuart-Prower factor, autoprothrombin III IX Plasma thromboplastin antecedent (PTA) XII Hagemann Factor XIII Fibrin-stabilizing factor

(2) Note. Examples, Blood Coagulation Factor XIII, Laki-Lorand Factor, Fibrin- stabilizing Factor, Fibrinase. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, (3) Note. CA Registry Number of unmodi- Compositions, and Products, appro- fied form: priate subclasses, especially sub- classes 63, 92, 105 for edible protein compositions or products and related process involving the same. 524, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, subclasses 21+ for animal derived proteins such as blood, particularly subclasses 22+ for Gelatin and 25+ for casein, for a process in which the protein is physically mixed with a pre- formed resin.

September 2010 530 - 42 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

(2) Note. Fibrinogen is a hexamer of two sets of three nonidentical chains linked by disulphide bonds.

(3) Note. Example. Fibrinogen, Fibrin- opeptide A (19 residues MW 1,892), antihemophilic globulin 1X, Blood Clot- ting Factor I, Parenogen.

(4) Note. CA Registry Number: Fibrin

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, subclasses 98+ for colloid systems of continuous or semicontin- uous solid phase with discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- ulates) or agents for such systems or SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: making or stabilizing such systems or 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; agents, when generically claimed or Subcombinations Thereof; Processes when there is hierarchically superior of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or provision in the USPC for the specifi- Inhibiting, subclasses 98+ for colloid cally claimed art. systems of continuous or semicontin- uous solid phase with discontinuous 382 Fibrin or fibrin intermediates, e.g., fibrino- liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- gen etc.: ulates) or agents for such systems or This subclass is indented under subclass 381. making or stabilizing such systems or Proteins having the structure of fibrin and com- agents, when generically claimed or pounds derived for these by addition to or dele- when there is hierarchically superior tion of parts of the polypeptide structure. provision in the USPC for the specifi- cally claimed art. (1) Note. Physical Properties: 383 Blood coagulation factor VIII, AHF: This subclass is indented under subclass 381. Proteins having the structure of and com- pounds derived from these by addition to or deletion of parts of the polypeptide structure.

(1) Note. Physical Properties: Molecular Weight: over 1,000,000

Sep1 tember 2010 September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 43

(2) Note. Physiological properties: Involved 384 Blood coagulation FACTOR II, or factor II in the formation of thromboplastin by + VII + IX +, i.e., prothrombin or prothrom- the activation of factor X. bin complex or factor: This subclass is indented under subclass 381. (3) Note. Synonyms: Antihemophilic fac- Proteins having the structure of factor II and or tor A, Thromboplastinogen, AHF-A prothrombin complex and compounds derived Factor VIII, Antihemophilic A Factor, from these by addition to or deletion of parts of Factorate, Ristocetin cofactor, Blood the polypeptide structure. platelet aggregating factor, Ristocetin, von Willebrand factor, antihemophioic- (1) Note. Factor II Physical Properties. globulin (AHG). Number of Residues: 582. Molecular Weight: 68,900 (4) Note. CA Registry Number: (2) Note. Factor II Physiological Properties. An inactive plasma zymogen which is converted to thiombin (factor lla) by thromboplastin in the presence of cal- cium ions.

(3) Note. Factor II. Synonyms. Prothrom- bin fragment 2, factor II prothrombase, serozyme, thrombogen.

(4) Note. Factor II CA Registry Number: 9070-19-3

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, subclasses 98+ for colloid systems of continuous or semicontin- uous solid phase with discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag- ulates) or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or (5) Note. Synonyms. Prothrombin complex agents, when generically claimed or components. when there is hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifi- cally claimed art. 930, Peptide or Protein Sequence, sub- class 100 for Factor VIII peptide or protein sequences.

September 2010 530 - 44 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

when there is hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifi- cally claimed art.

385 Hemoglobins or globins: This subclass is indented under subclass 380. Proteins having the structure of hemoglobins or globins and compounds derived from these by addition to or deletion of parts of the polypep- tide structure.

(1) Note. Physical Properties. Globin from normal adult human hemoglobin con- sists of four polypeptide chains: two alpha-chains and two beta-chains. The alpha-chain contains 141, the beta-chain 146 amino acids. Abnormal globins may contain gamma and delta-chains.

(6) Note. Prothrombin complex compo- nents.

(2) Note. Physiological properties. At pH values near neutrality, combines with ferroprotoporphyrin to yield hemoglo- bin, or with ferriprotoporphyrin yield methemoglobin.

(3) Note. Examples. Leshemoglobins, Uter- oglobins. Hemoglobin Synonyms: Blood pigments, Ferrohemoglobins Hbs, Hb, SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: Deoxyhemoglobins, Eryhem, Erythro- 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; cruorins carboxyhemoglobin. Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or (4) Note. CA Registry Number of Hemo- Inhibiting, subclasses 98+ for colloid globins: 9008-02-0* systems of continuous or semicontin- uous solid phase with discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coag - ulates) or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed or

Sep1 tember 2010 September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 45

(4) Note.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB - CLASS: 400, for myoglobins. 387.1 Immunoglobulin, antibody, or fragment thereof, other than immunoglobulin, anti- SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: body, or fragment thereof that is conjugated 435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology or or adsorbed: Microbiology, appropriate subclass This subclass is indented under subclass 386. for lysozyme which is sometimes Subject matter in which the protein has the denominated globulin G1. structure of an immunoglobulin, antibody, or 540, Organic Compounds, subclasses 145+ fragment thereof that is not conjugated or for heme, the oxygen carrying pros- adsorbed to another substance. thetic group of hemogoblin and myo- globin which is a substituted (1) Note. This subclass includes immuno- porphyrin. globulins or gamma globulins (except monoclonal antibodies) whose binding 386 Globulins: specificities are not disclosed, and meth- This subclass is indented under subclass 380. ods of purifying immunoglobulins, Proteins identified as globulins and compounds except those methods provided for in derived from these by addition to or deletion of subclasses 390.1 and 390.5. Patents per- parts of the polypeptide structure. taining generically to monoclonal anti- bodies whose binding specificities are (1) Note. Physical Properties: Proteins not disclosed are classified in subclasses which are insoluble in water at their iso- 388.1 or 388.15. electric point are classified as globulins. The term “isoelectric point” is the pH at (2) Note. Immunoglobulins may be mono- which a globulin will not migrate to clonal or polyclonal. Monoclonal anti- either the cathode or anode when a direct bodies are identical antibody molecules current is passed through an aqueous produced by a clone of cells or cell line suspension or dilute salt solution of the that is derived from a single antibody- globulin. producing cell, or are antibody mole- cules that have otherwise been made (2) Note. Physiological properties. This identical. Polyclonal antibodies or group includes many enzymes and most immunoglobulins are mixtures of anti- glycoproteins. Enzymes are provided bodies produced by multiple cells or for in Class 435, Chemistry: Molecular clones of cells that produce antibody Biology and Microbiology. molecules that are not identical to each other, but which may bind different anti- (3) Note. Examples, Euglobulins, Psen- genic determinants or epitopes on the doglobulins. same molecule.

September 2010 530 - 46 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

ing an immunoglobulin, an antiserum, (3) Note. Antibodies are assumed to be an antibody, or an antibody fragment. polyclonal unless they are specifically 435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and characterized as being monoclonal, or if Microbiology, subclasses 4+, particu- they are secreted by a single cell line or larly subclasses 7.1+ for antibodies cell clone. used in immunological testing involv- ing a microorganism or an enzyme; (4) Note. The major classes of immunoglo- subclass 188 for antibodies conju- bulins are IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE. gated to enzymes; and subclass 188.5 Subclasses of immunoglobulins also for catalytic antibodies. exist, notably the IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, 436, Chemistry: Analytical and Immuno- IgG3, and IgG4 subclasses comprising logical Testing, subclass 15 for pro- the IgG class. IgY is similar to IgG and tein-containing compositions used as is found only in birds. standards or controls; subclass 16 for blood standards; subclass 66 for tests (5) Note. Synonyms are immune globulin, for hemoglobin or myoglobin; sub- gamma globulin, Ig, etc. class 69 for tests for blood clotting factors; subclasses 86+ for tests for SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- proteins or peptides, including CLASS: sequencing methods; subclass 501 for 391.1+, for antibodies or antisera or fragments complement binding assays or protein thereof that are conjugated or binding assays; and subclasses 506- adsorbed to other substances. 548 for tests using antigen-antibody 407, for methods of hydrolysis of proteins. interactions in a chemical test, partic- 828, for cancer-associated proteins. ularly subclasses 543-548, which col- 829, for blood proteins, including immuno- lect methods of modifying antigens globulins. and antibodies as part of a testing pro- 830, for plasma or serum proteins, includ- cedure. ing immunoglobulins. 514, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treat- 831, for immunoglobulins and other pro- ing Compositions, subclasses 1 teins isolated via the Cohn fraction- through 21.92 and cross-reference art ation method. collections 800-809 which provide for 832, for immunoglobulins isolated from therapeutic or body treating composi- milk or colostrum. tions containing a peptide or protein 833, for immunoglobulins isolated from as an organic active ingredient. whey. 525, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, 851, for immunoglobulins isolated from subclass 54.1 for antibodies chemi- placental extracts. cally bound to synthetic resins.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 387.2 Anti-idiotypic: 424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treat- This subclass is indented under subclass 387.1. ing Compositions, for compositions Subject matter involving an antibody or anti- intended for class defined uses such as body fragment that binds another antibody at in vivo diagnosing (e.g., imaging), one of its idiotopes. methods of making such composi- tions, and nominal methods of using (1) Note. An idiotope is an antigenic deter- such compositions, see subclasses minant in the variable region of the anti- 1.49+ for compositions comprising body. radiolabelled antibody, or antibody fragment, or immunoglobulin, sub- (2) Note. An idiotype is that set of idiotopes classes 9.3+ and 9.4+ for testing com- characteristic of a particular antibody. positions, and subclasses 130.1+ for body-treating compositions contain- (3) Note. “Internal image” antibodies are a subset of anti-idiotypic antibodies that

Sep1 tember 2010 September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 47

mimic the antigen in their ability to elicit nent of a glycoprotein, or a component of a antibodies that bind said antigen. glycolipid.

(4) Note. It is suggested that the patents in (1) Note. The oligosaccharide structure can this subclass be cross-referenced to the be one that is schematically illustrated in appropriate subclass(es) that provide for the disclosure or one that is known in the the binding specificity of the antibodies art, such as the carbohydrate component bound by the anti-idiotypic antibodies, if of ganglioside GD3. disclosed. (2) Note. Some of the oligosaccharide 387.3 Chimeric, mutated, or recombined hybrid structures disclosed by the patents of this (e.g., bifunctional, bispecific, rodent-human subclass are expressed on the surfaces of chimeric, single chain, rFv, immunoglobu- cancer cells as components of glycopro- lin fusion protein, etc.): teins or glycolipids and are related to the This subclass is indented under subclass 387.1. A, B, Le, or H blood-group antigens. Subject matter involving an antibody or anti- body fragment altered with respect to its amino (3) Note. It is suggested that the patents in acid sequence; with respect to its composition this subclass be cross-referenced to the of heavy and light chains or immunoglobulin appropriate subclass(es) that provide for domains; or with respect to its glycosylation, as antibodies that bind the microorgan- compared with that found in nature; or involv- ism(s) upon which the oligosaccharide ing an antibody or antibody fragment fused to a structure is expressed, if such disclosure nonimmunoglobulin amino acid sequence. is present.

(1) Note. Chimeric and recombined hybrid 387.7 Binds expression product of cancer-related antibodies comprise amino acid gene or fragment thereof (e.g., oncogene, sequences derived from two or more proto-oncogene, etc.): nonidentical immunoglobulin mole- This subclass is indented under subclass 387.1. cules--e.g., interspecies combinations, Subject matter involving an antibody or anti- etc. gen-binding fragment thereof whose antigen- binding site(s) will combine with an expression (2) Note. Chimeric, mutated, and recom- product or fragment thereof of a cancer-related bined hybrid antibodies may be made gene, such as an oncogene or proto-oncogene. either by chemical alteration of existing antibodies or by the expression of cloned (1) Note. An oncogene is a genetic genes for altered or recombined antibod- sequence whose expression transforms a ies. Glycosylation of the antibody mole- normal cell into a cancerous cell. A cules may be altered when expressed in proto-oncogene is a genetic sequence host cells of species other than their found in a noncancerous cell which, own. when mutated in a characteristic way, can become an oncogene. (3) Note. It is suggested that the patents of this subclass be cross-referenced to the 387.9 Binds specifically-identified amino acid appropriate subclass(es) that provide for sequence: the binding specificity of these antibod- This subclass is indented under subclass 387.1. ies, if disclosed. Subject matter involving an antibody or anti- gen-binding fragment thereof whose antigen- 387.5 Binds oligosaccharide structure: binding site(s) will combine with a protein or This subclass is indented under subclass 387.1. peptide antigen or antigenic determinant whose Subject matter involving an antibody or anti- amino acid sequence is disclosed. gen-binding fragment thereof whose antigen- binding site(s) will combine with an oligosac- (1) Note. It is suggested that the patents in charide structure that is either free, a compo- this subclass be cross-referenced to the subclass(es) that provide for antibodies

September 2010 530 - 48 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

that bind the antigen or antigenic deter- cell, cell-surface antigen, secretory product, minant that the disclosed sequence com- etc.): prises. This subclass is indented under subclass 388.1. Subject matter involving a monoclonal anti- 388.1 Monoclonal: body or antigen-binding fragment thereof This subclass is indented under subclass 387.1. whose antigen-binding site(s) will combine Subject matter involving an antibody or frag- with an integral or isolated part of a micro- ment thereof produced by a clone of cells or organism, or with a substance shed or secreted cell line that is derived from a single antibody- by a micro-organism, or with a chemi- producing cell, wherein said antibody is identi- cally-altered component of a microorganism, cal to all other antibodies produced by that or with a chemically-altered substance shed or clone of cells or cell line. secreted by a micro-organism.

(1) Note. This subclass provides for anti- (1) Note. A micro-organism, for the pur- bodies and fragments thereof that are pose of this and indented subclasses, is a produced by any cloning technology that cell of a multicellular organism, a single- yields identical molecules, e.g., hybri- celled organism, a virus, or other intrac- doma technology, recombinant DNA ellular organism. technology, etc. (2) Note. A mutant or chemically-altered (2) Note. Monoclonal antibodies are some- component or product of a micro-organ- times termed monoclonal receptors. ism may be made by chemical synthesis or chemical modification or by expres- (3) Note. This subclass includes mono- sion of a cloned altered gene. clonal antibodies whose binding speci- ficities are not disclosed and includes (3) Note. Monoclonal antibodies or frag- methods of purifying monoclonal anti- ments thereof that bind a mutant or bodies, per se. chemically-altered component or prod- uct of a micro-organism are proper for SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- the subclass that provides for mono- CLASS: clonal antibodies that bind the corre- 808+, for cell lines producing monoclonal sponding normal component or product. antibodies. 388.21 Binds nucleic acid or derivative or compo- SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: nent thereof (e.g., DNA, RNA, DNA-RNA 435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and hybrid, nucleotide, nucleoside, carcinogen- Microbiology, subclasses 326+ for an DNA adduct, etc.): animal cell, per se, which expresses This subclass is indented under subclass 388.2. immunoglobulin, antibody, or frag- Subject matter involving a monoclonal anti- ment thereof. body or antigen-binding fragment thereof whose antigen-binding site(s) will combine 388.15 Human: with a nucleic acid; a component of a nucleic This subclass is indented under subclass 388.1. acid, such as a nucleotide or nucleoside; or a Subject matter involving a monoclonal anti- modified nucleic acid, such as carcinogen- body or fragment thereof derived from a DNA adduct resulting from exposure to a car- human source, or whose amino acid sequence cinogen. is identical to that found in humans. (1) Note. An adduct is an addition group or 388.2 Binds microorganism or normal or mutant compound. component or product thereof (e.g., animal

Sep1 tember 2010 September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 49

differentiated state, wherein said pro- 388.22 Binds receptor (e.g., transferrin receptor, Fc gression may include clonal expansion. receptor, dihydropyridine receptor, IL-2 receptor, etc.): (3) Note. The term “intercellular mediator” This subclass is indented under subclass 388.2. is meant to encompass any secretory fac- Subject matter involving a monoclonal anti- tor that affects cellular functions such as body or antigen-binding fragment thereof chemotaxis, etc. whose antigen-binding site(s) will combine with a free or micro-organism-associated (4) Note. See Patent Classification Defini- receptor. tions for Class 424, subclass 85.1, for examples of lymphokines and cytokines. (1) Note. A receptor is a structure integral to a micro-organism or released into the (5) Note. Hematopoietic cells are consid- surrounding milieu that has binding ered to be bone marrow stem cells and specificity for a particular three-dimen- cells derived from bone marrow stem sional structural configuration of a mole- cells, including cells at any stage of dif- cule or portion thereof. ferentiation from progenitor cells to mature erythrocytes, granulocytes, lym- (2) Note. For the purpose of this subclass, phocytes, etc., both normal and neoplas- an antibody is not considered a receptor. tic. Patents disclosing non-anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibodies or fragments 388.24 Binds hormone or other secreted growth thereof that bind other immunoglobulins regulatory factor, differentiation factor, are proper for subclass 388.25, unless intercellular mediator, or neurotransmitter the monoclonal antibodies specifically (e.g., insulin, human chorionic gonadotro- bind lymphocyte-bound immunoglobu- pin, intragonadal regulatory protein, Mulle- lins, in which case the patents are proper rian inhibiting substance, inhibin, epidermal for subclass 388.73. growth factor, nerve growth factor, dopam- ine, norepinephrine, etc.): 388.23 Binds lymphokine, cytokine, or other This subclass is indented under subclass 388.2. secreted growth regulatory factor, differen- Subject matter involving a monoclonal anti- tiation factor, or intercellular mediator spe- body or antigen-binding fragment thereof cific for a hematopoietic cell (e.g., whose antigen-binding site(s) will combine interleukin, interferon, erythropoietin, etc.): with a neurotransmitter, with a hormone, or This subclass is indented under subclass 388.2. with any other secreted growth regulatory fac- Subject matter involving a monoclonal anti- tor, differentiation factor, or intercellular medi- body or antigen-binding fragment thereof ator that targets cells other than hematopoietic whose antigen-binding site(s) will combine cells. with a lymphokine, cytokine, or any other secreted growth stimulatory factor, growth (1) Note. The term “growth regulatory fac- inhibitory factor, differentiation factor, or inter- tor” is meant to encompass any secretory cellular mediator that targets any type(s) of factor that is growth- stimulatory or hematopoietic cells. growth-inhibitory; e.g., that will stimu- late or inhibit clonal expansion of cells. (1) Note. The term “growth regulatory fac- tor” is meant to encompass any secretory (2) Note. The term “differentiation factor” factor that is growth-stimulatory or is meant to encompass any secretory fac- growth-inhibitory; i.e., that will stimu- tor that causes cells to progress from a late or inhibit clonal expansion of cells. relatively undifferentiated state to a more differentiated state, wherein said pro- (2) Note. The term “differentiation factor” gression may include clonal expansion. is meant to encompass any secretory fac- tor that causes cells to progress from a (3) Note. The term “intercellular media- relatively undifferentiated state to a more tor” is meant to encompass any

September 2010 530 - 50 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

secretory factor that affects cellular func- tions such as chemotaxis, etc. 388.35 Binds retrovirus or component or product thereof (e.g., HIV, LAV, HTLV, etc.): 388.25 Binds plasma protein, serum protein, or This subclass is indented under subclass 388.3. fibrin (e.g., clotting factor, fibrinolytic fac- Subject matter involving a monoclonal anti- tor, complement factor, immunoglobulin, body or antigen-binding fragment thereof apolipoprotein, etc.): whose antigen-binding site(s) will combine This subclass is indented under subclass 388.2. with an integral or isolated part of a retrovirus, Subject matter involving a monoclonal anti- or with a substance shed by a retrovirus, such body or antigen-binding fragment thereof as a viral antigen. whose antigen-binding site(s) will combine with a plasma protein, serum protein, or with (1) Note. Retroviruses are RNA viruses that fibrin. encode the enzyme reverse transcriptase and that are associated with acquired (1) Note. Patents with disclosures to mono- immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) clonal antibodies or fragments thereof and related disorders, as well as with that bind proteins, including enzymes, some forms of cancer, such as those that are members of plasma “activation caused by HTLV (human T-lym- systems”--including the clotting system, photrophic virus) I and II, Rous sarcoma the fibrinolytic system, the bradykinin virus, MMTV (murine mammary tumor system, and the complement system--are virus), feline leukemia virus, etc. proper for this subclass. 388.4 Binds bacterium or similar microorganism (2) Note. Patents with disclosures to non- or component or product thereof (e.g., anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibodies or Streptococcus, Legionella, Myco- fragments thereof that bind immunoglo- plasma, bacterium-associated antigen, bulins are proper for this subclass, unless exotoxin, etc.): the monoclonal antibodies specifically This subclass is indented under subclass 388.2. bind lymphocyte-bound immunoglobu- Subject matter involving a monoclonal anti- lins, in which case, they are proper for body or antigen-binding fragment thereof subclass 388.73. whose antigen-binding site(s) will combine with an integral or isolated part of a bacterium (3) Note. See Patent Classification Defini- or similar micro-organism, or with a substance tions for Class 530, subclasses 380+, for shed or secreted by a bacterium or similar examples of plasma and serum proteins. micro-organism.

388.26 Binds enzyme: (1) Note. For the purpose of this subclass, This subclass is indented under subclass 388.2. micro-organisms “similar” to bacteria Subject matter involving a monoclonal anti- are those that have properties in common body or antigen-binding fragment thereof with typical bacteria, but which differ whose antigen-binding site(s) will combine from them in characteristic ways. Exam- with an enzyme. ples of such micro-organisms are rickett- siae, chlamydiae, and mycoplasmas. 388.3 Binds virus or component or product thereof (e.g., virus-associated antigen, etc.): 388.5 Binds fungus or plant cell or component or This subclass is indented under subclass 388.2. product thereof (e.g., fungus-associated anti- Subject matter involving a monoclonal anti- gen, etc.): body or antigen-binding fragment thereof This subclass is indented under subclass 388.2. whose antigen-binding site(s) will combine Subject matter involving a monoclonal anti- with an integral or isolated part of a virus, or body or antigen-binding fragment thereof with a substance shed by a virus, such as a viral whose antigen-binding site(s) will combine antigen. with an integral or isolated part of a fungus or plant cell, or with a substance shed or secreted by a fungus or plant cell.

Sep1 tember 2010 September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 51

with an integral or isolated part of a lympho- (1) Note. Fungi include yeast and mold. cytic or lymphocytic-like cell, or with a sub- stance shed or secreted by a lymphocytic cell 388.6 Binds parasitic protozoan or metazoan cell or lymphocytic-like cell. or component or product thereof (e.g., Dirofilaria, Eimeria, Coccidia, Trichinella, (1) Note. Lymphocytes are considered to be parasite cell-surface antigen, etc.): either B- or T-lineage cells. Null cells, K This subclass is indented under subclass 388.2. cells, and natural killer cells are consid- Subject matter involving a monoclonal anti- ered “lymphocytic-like” cells, since they body or antigen-binding fragment thereof have the morphology of lymphocytes but whose antigen-binding site(s) will combine not the antigenic markers of either B- or with an integral or isolated part of a parasitic T-lineage cells. protozoan or metazoan cell, or with a substance shed or secreted by a parasitic protozoan or 388.75 Binds T-lymphocytic cell or component or metazoan cell. product thereof (e.g., T cell, thy- mocyte, T-lineage bone marrow cell, T-lym- (1) Note. Metazoan parasites include such phoblastoid cell, T-lineage acute multicellular organisms as the parasitic lymphoblastic leukemia cell, T-lymphocytic flatworms and roundworms. cell-surface antigen, etc.): This subclass is indented under subclass 388.7 Binds hematopoietic cell or component or 388.73. Subject matter involving a mono- product thereof (e.g., erythrocyte, granulo- clonal antibody or antigen-binding fragment cyte, macrophage, monocyte, platelet, myel- thereof whose antigen-binding site(s) will com- ogenous leukemia cell, bone marrow stem bine with an integral or isolated part of a T- cell, granulocytic cell-surface antigen, hemo- lymphocytic cell, or with a substance shed or globin, thrombospondin, glycophorin, etc.): secreted by a T-lymphocytic cell. This subclass is indented under subclass 388.2. Subject matter involving a monoclonal anti- 388.8 Binds cancer cell or component or product body or antigen-binding fragment thereof thereof (e.g., cell-surface antigen, etc.): whose antigen-binding site(s) will combine This subclass is indented under subclass 388.2. with an integral or isolated part of a hematopoi- Subject matter involving a monoclonal anti- etic cell, or with a substance shed or secreted body or antigen-binding fragment thereof by a hematopoietic cell. whose antigen-binding site(s) will combine with an integral or isolated part of a cancer cell, (1) Note. Hematopoietic cells are consid- or with a substance shed or secreted by a can- ered to be bone marrow stem cells and cer cell. cells derived from bone marrow stem cells, including cells at any stage of dif- 388.85 Binds antigen characterized by name or ferentiation from progenitor cells to molecular weight (e.g., CEA, NCA, CC gly- mature erythrocytes, granulocytes, lym- coprotein, melanoma gp 150 antigen, etc.): phocytes, etc., both normal and neoplas- This subclass is indented under subclass 388.8. tic. Subject matter involving a monoclonal anti- body or antigen-binding fragment thereof 388.73 Binds lymphocytic or lymphocytic-like cell whose antigen-binding site(s) will combine or component or product thereof (e.g., B with an antigen that is an integral or isolated cell, B-lineage bone marrow cell, null cell, part of a cancer cell, or that is shed or secreted natural killer cell, B-lymphoblastoid cell, B- by a cancer cell, and that is disclosed by name lineage acute lymphoblastic leuke- or molecular weight. mia cell, B-lymphocytic cell-surface anti- gen, etc.): This subclass is indented under subclass 388.7. Subject matter involving a monoclonal anti- body or antigen-binding fragment thereof whose antigen-binding site(s) will combine

September 2010 530 - 52 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

388.9 Binds drug, hapten, hapten-carrier com- (1) Note. The term “growth regulatory fac- plex, or specifically-identified chemical tor” is meant to encompass any secretory structure (e.g., theophylline, digoxin, etc.): factor that is growth-stimulatory or This subclass is indented under subclass 388.1. growth-inhibitory; i.e., that will stimu- Subject matter involving a monoclonal anti- late or inhibit clonal expansion of cells. body or antigen-binding fragment thereof whose antigen-binding site(s) will combine (2) Note. The term “differentiation factor” with a drug, hapten, hapten-carrier complex, or is meant to encompass any secretory fac- with a specifically-identified chemical struc- tor that causes cells to progress from a ture that is disclosed. relatively undifferentiated state to a more differentiated state, wherein said pro- (1) Note. A hapten is a molecule or portion gression may include clonal expansion. thereof that has little or no antigenicity unless coupled to a carrier molecule that (3) Note. The term “intercellular mediator” is antigenic. Haptens are usually, but not is meant to encompass any secretory fac- always, of low molecular weight. Com- tor that affects cellular functions such as mon carriers are proteins such as bovine chemotaxis, etc. serum albumin (BSA) and keyhole lim- pet hemocyanin (KLH). (4) Note. See Patent Classification Defini- tions for Class 424, subclass 85.1 for 389.1 Polyclonal antibody or immunoglobulin of examples of lymphokines and cytokines. identified binding specificity: This subclass is indented under subclass 387.1. (5) Note. This subclass includes polyclonal Subject matter involving a polyclonal anti- antibodies, immunoglobulins, or frag- body or immunoglobulin or antigen-binding ments thereof that bind any growth regu- fragment thereof whose binding specificity is latory factor, differentiation factor, or disclosed. intercellular mediator that targets any type(s) of cells, including hematopoietic (1) Note. “Binding specificity” refers to the cells. antigen or antigenic determinant that will combine with the antigen-binding (6) Note. Hematopoietic cells are consid- site(s) of a polyclonal antibody or anti- ered to be bone marrow stem cells and gen-binding fragment(s) thereof; i.e., a cells derived from bone marrow stem polyclonal antibody or antigen-binding cells, including cells at any stage of dif- fragment thereof may have binding spec- ferentiation from progenitor cells to ificity for an animal cell, etc. mature erythrocytes, granulocytes, lym- phocytes, etc., both normal and neoplas- 389.2 Binds hormone, lymphokine, cytokine, or tic. other secreted growth regulatory factor, dif- ferentiation factor, intercellular mediator, or 389.3 Binds plasma protein, serum protein, or neurotransmitter (e.g., insulin, human fibrin (e.g., clotting factor, fibrinolytic fac- chorionic gonadotropin, glucagon, car- tor, complement factor, immunoglobulin, diodilatin, interleukin, interferon, norepi- apolipoprotein, etc.): nephrine, epinephrine, acetylcholine, etc.): This subclass is indented under subclass 389.1. This subclass is indented under subclass 389.1. Subject matter involving a polyclonal anti- Subject matter involving a polyclonal antibody body or immunoglobulin or antigen-bind- or immunoglobulin or antigen-binding frag- ing fragment thereof whose antigen- ment thereof whose antigen-binding site(s) binding site(s) will combine with a plasma pro- will combine with a hormone, lymphokine, tein, serum protein, or with fibrin. cytokine, or other secreted growth regulatory factor, differentiation factor, intercellular medi- (1) Note. Patents with disclosures to poly- ator, or neurotransmitter. clonal antibodies or immunoglobulins or fragments thereof that bind proteins,

Sep1 tember 2010 September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 53

including enzymes, that are members of mic cell, hematopoietic cell-surface antigen, plasma “activation systems”--including hemoglobin, etc.): the clotting system, the fibrinolytic sys- This subclass is indented under subclass 389.1. tem, the bradykinin system, and the Subject matter involving a polyclonal antibody complement system--are proper for this or immunoglobulin or antigen-binding frag- subclass. ment thereof whose antigen-binding site(s) will combine with an integral or isolated part of (2) Note. Patents with disclosures to a hematopoietic cell, or with a substance shed nonanti-idiotypic polyclonal antibodies or secreted by a hematopoietic cell. or fragments thereof that bind immuno- globulins are proper for this subclass, (1) Note. Hematopoietic cells are consid- unless the antibodies specifically bind ered to be bone marrow stem cells and lymphocyte-bound immunoglobulins, in cells derived from bone marrow stem which case the patents are proper for cells, including cells at any stage of dif- subclass 389.6. ferentiation, from progenitor cells to mature erythrocytes, granulocytes, lym- (3) Note. See Patent Classification Defini- phocytes, etc., both normal and neoplas- tions for Class 530, subclasses 380+ for tic. examples of plasma and serum proteins. 389.7 Binds cancer cell or component or product 389.4 Binds virus or component or product thereof (e.g., cell-surface antigen, etc.): thereof (e.g., virus-associated antigen, etc.): This subclass is indented under subclass 389.1. This subclass is indented under subclass 389.1. Subject matter involving a polyclonal antibody Subject matter involving a polyclonal antibody or immunoglobulin or antigen-binding frag- or immunoglobulin or antigen-binding frag- ment thereof whose antigen-binding site(s) will ment thereof whose antigen-binding site(s) will combine with an integral or isolated part of a combine with an integral or isolated part of a cancer cell, or with a substance shed or virus, or with a substance shed by a virus, such secreted by a cancer cell. as a viral antigen. 389.8 Binds drug, hapten, hapten-carrier com- 389.5 Binds bacterium or similar microorganism plex, or specifically-identified chemical or component or product thereof (e.g., structure (e.g., theophylline, digoxin, etc.): Pseudomonas, Chlamydia, Clostridium, This subclass is indented under subclass 389.1. bacterium-associated antigen, etc.): Subject matter involving a polyclonal antibody This subclass is indented under subclass 389.1. or immunoglobulin or antigen-binding frag- Subject matter involving a polyclonal anti- ment thereof whose antigen-binding site(s) will body or immunoglobulin or antigen-bind- combine with a drug, hapten, hapten-carrier ing fragment thereof whose antigen-binding complex, or with a specifically-identified site(s) will combine with an integral or isolated chemical structure that is disclosed. part of a bacterium or similar micro-organism, or with a substance shed or secreted by a bacte- (1) Note. A hapten is a molecule or portion rium or similar micro-organism. thereof that has little or no antigenicity unless coupled to a carrier molecule that (1) Note. Micro-organisms “similar” to bac- is antigenic. Haptens are usually, but not teria are those that have properties in always, of low molecular weight. Com- common with bacteria, but which differ mon carriers are proteins such as bovine from typical bacteria in characteristic serum albumin (BSA) and keyhole lim- ways. Examples of such microorganisms pet hemocyanin (KLH). are rickettsiae, chlamydiae, and myco- plasmas.

389.6 Binds hematopoietic cell or component or product thereof (e.g., erythrocyte, granulo- cyte, bone marrow cell, lymphocyte, leuke-

September 2010 530 - 54 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

390.1 Removing or inactivating virus or bacte- 391.1 Monoclonal or polyclonal antibody or rium or component or product thereof (e.g., immunoglobulin or fragment thereof that is endotoxin, etc.): conjugated or adsorbed (e.g., adsorbed to a This subclass is indented under subclass 387.1. solid support, etc.): Subject matter involving a process of removing This subclass is indented under subclass 386. or inactivating a virus, a bacterium, or a com- Subject matter involving a monoclonal or poly- ponent or product thereof that contaminates an clonal antibody or immunoglobulin or frag- immunoglobulin preparation; or an immuno- ment thereof that is bound to another molecule globulin preparation prepared thereby. via a covalent bond or chemical group, or that is adsorbed to another substance. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- CLASS: (1) Note. An immunoglobulin chemically 831, for immunoglobulins isolated via the bound to a synthetic resin is proper for Cohn fractionation method. Class 525, subclass 54.1.

390.5 Removing, dissociating or preventing the SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: formation of aggregated, denatured, frag- 424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treat- mented, or polymerized immunoglobulin or ing Compositions, subclasses 178.1+, antibody; or preventing or reducing comple- for bio-affecting and body-treating ment fixation or binding; or reducing anti- compositions of conjugates or com- genicity; or removing, inactivating, or plexes of monoclonal or polyclonal inhibiting contaminating plasma proteins antibodies, immunoglobulins, or frag- (e.g., proteolytic enzymes, etc.): ments thereof with nonimmunoglobu- This subclass is indented under subclass 387.1. lin materials, and for bioaffecting and Subject matter involving a process of remov- body-treating methods of using conju- ing, dissociating, or preventing the formation gates or complexes of monoclonal or of aggregated, denatured, fragmented, poly- polyclonal antibodies, immunoglobu- merized immunoglobulins or antibodies; or a lins, or fragments thereof with nonim- process of preventing or reducing complement munoglobulin materials or fixation or complement binding by an immuno- compositions thereof. globulin preparation; or a process of reducing the antigenicity of an immunoglobulin prepara- 391.3 Conjugated to a detectable label or radioiso- tion; or a process of removing, inactivating, or tope or radionuclide or heavy metal-con- inhibiting plasma proteins, such as proteolytic taining compound: enzymes, that contaminate an immunoglobulin This subclass is indented under subclass 391.1. preparation; or involving an immunoglobulin Subject matter involving a monoclonal or poly- preparation prepared thereby. clonal antibody or immunoglobulin or frag- ment thereof that is conjugated to a detectable (1) Note. This subclass provides for meth- label, radioisotope or radionuclide, or heavy ods of removing plasma proteins that co- metal-containing compound. purify with immunoglobulins and for methods of removing immunoglobulin SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: fragments or aggregates that create 435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and adverse effects, such as complement Microbiology, subclass 188 for anti- activation--i.e., “anticomplementary bodies conjugated to enzymatic activity”--when an immunoglobulin labels. preparation is administered intrave- nously. 391.5 Conjugated via a specifically-identified link- ing group, chelating group, coordination SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- CLASS: 831, for immunoglobulins isolated via the Cohn fractionation method.

Sep1 tember 2010 September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 55

complex, coupling agent, or conjugation but is proper for subclass 391.7. Claim agent: language such as “an antibody bound by This subclass is indented under subclass 391.3. a disulphide bond to a toxin” or “an anti- Subject matter involving a monoclonal or poly- body bound by an amide bond to a clonal antibody or immunoglobulin or frag- toxin” is proper for this subclass because ment thereof that is conjugated via a linking it describes the type of linkage between group, chelating group, coordination complex, the antibody and the substance to which coupling agent, or conjugation agent that is it is linked. specifically identified in the claims by name or chemical structure. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- CLASS: (1) Note. Claim language such as “an anti- 861, through 868, for cross-reference art body covalently bonded to a detectable collections related to subclasses label” or “an antibody bound covalently 387.1-391.9. to a detectable label” is not intended for this subclass, but is proper for subclass 392 Alpha globulins, e.g., ceruloplastin, hapto- 391.3. Claim language such as “an anti- globins, etc.: body bound by a disulphide bond to a This subclass is indented under subclass 386. detectable label” or “an antibody bound Proteins identified as alpha globulins and com- by an amide bond to a detectable label” pounds derived from these by addition to or is proper for this subclass because it deletion of parts of the polypeptide structure. describes the type of linkage between the antibody and the substance to which it is (1) Note. Physical Properties. linked.

391.7 Conjugated to a cytotoxic agent or drug or other biologically-active substance: This subclass is indented under subclass 391.1. Subject matter involving a monoclonal or poly- clonal antibody or immunoglobulin or frag- ment thereof that is conjugated to a cytotoxic agent, drug, or other biologically-active sub- stance.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology, subclass 188 for anti- bodies conjugated to enzymes. (2) Note. The alpha 2 globulin includes alpha 2 glycoproteins, ceruloplasmin and 391.9 Conjugated via a specifically-identified link- prothrombin. ing group, coupling agent, or conjugation agent: (3) Note. Examples: Alpha-2-macroglobu- This subclass is indented under subclass 391.7. lin, Alpha 1 microglobulin Alpha-2u- Subject matter involving a monoclonal or poly- globulin precursor, Progesterone binding clonal antibody or immunoglobulin or frag- globulin. ment thereof that is conjugated via a linking group, coupling agent, or conjugation agent (4) Note. that is specifically identified in the claims by name or chemical structure.

(1) Note. Claim language such as “an anti- body covalently bonded to a toxin” or “an antibody bound covalently to a toxin” is not intended for this subclass,

September 2010 530 - 56 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB - SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB- CLASS: CLASS: 359, for alpha 1 lipoproteins. 359, for beta 1 lipoproteins. 384, for the alpha globulin prothrombin. 395 Glycoproteins, e.g., mucins, proteoglycans, 393 Antithrombin III: etc.: This subclass is indented under subclass 392. This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Proteins having the structure of antithrombin Proteins comprising a protein bonded to sac- III and compounds derived from these by addi- charide and compounds derived from these by tion to or deletion of parts of the polypeptide addition to or deletion of parts of the structure. structure. (1) Note. Included in this subclass are: (1) Note. Physiological properties. A plasma glycoprotein having antithrom- amyloid proteins; colyony-stimulating bin activity and serving to inhibit other factor; fibronectins; hemopexin; lactof- enzymes. errin; mucoproteins, mucopolysaccha- rides; intrinsic factor; mucins; (2) Note. Synonyms. Heparin cofactor, orosomucoid; proteoglycans; sialoglyco- Antithrombin II. proteins; thromboprotein; thryroglobu- lin; thyroxine binding protein; (3) Note. transcortin; tubulin

(2) Note.

394 Beta globulins, e.g., transferrin, etc.: This subclass is indented under subclass 386. Proteins having the structure of a beta globulin and compounds derived from these by addition to or deletion of parts of the polypeptide struc- 396 Lectins, e.g., concanavalin, hemagglutinin, ture. etc.: This subclass is indented under subclass 395. (1) Note. Physical Properties. Beta 1 Lipo- Proteins having the structure of lectins and proteins Transferrin Plasminogen; compounds derived from these by addition to Molecular Weight: 3-20 million - or deletion of parts of the polypeptide struc- 85,00090,000. Other Components: lipid; ture. saccharide (1) Note. Physical Properties: (2) Note. Examples. Beta-2-microglobulin, Beta-Thromboglobulin, Beta trace pro- tein.

(3) Note. CA Registry Number:

Sep1 tember 2010 September 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 530 - 57

to or deletion of parts of the polypeptide struc- ture.

(1) Note. Physiological properties. Stimu- late the gonads to growth and production of sex-specific hormones, i.e., estrogens and gestagens in the female and andro- gens in the male.

(2) Note. Examples: Choriogonin, Bigo- nadil, Choriogonadotropin, Chorulom, HGC, Follitropin, or Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Lutropin, or Luteiniz- ing hormone (LH), Human menopausal gonadotropin (Urongonadotropin, hMG, (2) Note. Physiological properties. Binder Chorionic gonadotropin (Choriogona- sugar moieties in cell walls or mem- dotropin, (hCG). branes to cause agglutination, mitosis, or other changes in the cell. (3) Note.

(3) Note. Synonyms. Phytohemagglutinins, Agglutinins, Phytagglutinins, Hemag- glutinins, Plant agglutinins.

(4) Note. CA Registry Number: 9008-97-3*

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 930, Peptide or Protein Sequence, sub- class 110 for gonadotropin peptide or 397 Glycoprotein hormones: protein sequences. This subclass is indented under subclass 395. Proteins having the structure of or functioning 399 Hormones, e.g., prolactin, thymosin, growth as hormones and derived from these by addi- factors, etc.: tion to or deletion of parts of the polypeptide This subclass is indented under subclass 350. structure. Proteins functioning as hormones and com- pounds derived from these by addition to or (1) Note. deletion of parts of the polypeptide structure. (1) Note. Mesh tree number: D6.472

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 930, Peptide or Protein Sequence, sub- class 120 for growth factor peptide or protein sequences. 398 Gonadatropins: This subclass is indented under subclass 397. Proteins having the structure of gonadatropins and compounds derived from these by addition

September 2010 530 - 58 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

400 Metal containing, e.g., chromoproteins, fer- ritin, ferredoxins, etc.: This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Proteins containing a metal and compounds derived from these by addition to or deletion of parts of the polypeptide structure.

(1) Note. Examples, Myoglobin, Metallo- thronenin, Hemerythrin, Iron sulfur pro- teins.

(2) Note. CA Registry Number of Ferritin form: 9007-73-2*. Mesh tree number: 402 Chemical modification or the reaction prod- D12.776.556. uct thereof, e.g., covalent attachment or cou- pling, etc.: SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: This subclass is indented under subclass 350. 930, Peptide or Protein Sequence, sub- Subject matter including a step of chemically class 25 for peptide or protein modifying a protein or the product of such sequences containing an amino acid modification. modified with a heavy metal. (1) Note. Chemical modification includes 401 Cytochromes, e.g., chlorophyl, orgotein, conjugation of a protein with a nonpep- etc.: tide compound or addition of simple This subclass is indented under subclass 400. chemical elements or compounds to the Proteins having the structure of cytochrome protein as well as sundering parts of a and compounds derived from these by addition large protein molecule. to or deletion of parts of the polypeptide struc- ture. (2) Note. Treatment to deliberately change the secondary, tertiary or quaternary (1) Note. Physical Properties. structure of a polypeptide is considered chemical modification.

(3) Note. Other subclasses provide for pro- tein conjugates that occur in nature. Nucleoproteins are in subclass 358. Lipoproteins are in subclass 359. Metal- loproteins in subclasses 400 and 401.

(4) Note. Immobilized Proteins. Cross-ref- erence art collections 810+ provide for carrier bound or immobilized proteins where the protein is combined chemi- cally or physically with a carrier that insolubilized it or otherwise aids in the (2) Note. Synonyms. of orgotein: heapato- recovery of the protein from solution. cuprein, cerebrocuprein, erythrocuprein, cytocuprein. Of Cytochrome c: Myohe- (5) Note. This subclass provides for mel- matin, Hematin-Protein, Cromoci, anoidin resulting from Mallard type Cytorest, Landrax reactions between amino acids and sug- ars. (3) Note. CA Registry Number of underiva- tized form:

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SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 404 Sulfur containing reactant: 524, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, This subclass is indented under subclass 403. subclasses 9+ for plant or derived cel- Subject matter in which the material reacting lular material, subclasses 17+ for pro- with the protein contains sulfur. teins or biologically active polypeptides for a process in which 405 Nitrogen containing reactant: the protein or polypeptide is physi- This subclass is indented under subclass 403. cally mixed with a preformed resin Subject matter in which the material reacting and subclasses 70+ for a process of with the protein contains nitrogen. adding a protein or biologically active polypeptide to resin forming ingredi- 406 Oxygen containing reactant: ents during reaction of the resin form- This subclass is indented under subclass 403. ers and the protein of polypeptide is Subject matter in which the material reacting nonreactive. with the protein contains oxygen. 525, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, subclass 54.1 for the chemical reac- 407 Hydrolysis of protein: tion of a peptide or protein with a pre- This subclass is indented under subclass 402. formed resin and subclass 54.11 for Subject matter in which the protein is subject to processes of stepwise assembly of a autolysis or chemical hydrolysis. polypeptide on a preformed polymer i.e., solid phase synthesis when there SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: is no claimed cleavage of synthesized 435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and polypeptide. Microbiology, subclasses 68.1+ for a process of hydrolysis by micro-organ- 403 Protein is identified as a nantigen, e.g., ism or enzyme wherein a protein is immunogenic carriers, etc.: produced and subclass 272 for recov- This subclass is indented under subclass 402. ering a preexisting protein by means Subject matter in which the protein is reacted of a micro-organism or enzyme. with another material and the protein is claimed or disclosed as an antigen. 408 Sulfur containing reactant: This subclass is indented under subclass 402. (1) Note. The compound reacting with the Subject matter in which the material reacting antigenic protein may itself be a protein with the protein contains sulfur. or polypeptide. All such compounds are conclusively presumed to belong in sub- 409 Nitrogen containing reactant: class 405, even though they may contain This subclass is indented under subclass 402. sulfur. Subject matter in which the material reacting with the protein contains nitrogen. (2) Note. The typical patent in this and the indented subclasses is directed to the use 410 Oxygen containing reactant: of an antigenic protein as an immuno- This subclass is indented under subclass 402. genic carrier for a hapten. Subject matter in which the material reacting with the protein contains oxygen. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 514, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treat- 411 Oxygen containing is saccharide: ing Compositions, subclasses 1 This subclass is indented under subclass 410. through 21.92 and cross-reference art Subject matter in which the material reacting collections 800-809 which provide for with the protein is or contains saccharide. therapeutic or body treating composi- tions containing a peptide or protein 412 Separation or purification: as an organic active ingredient. This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Processes in which a protein is separated from another material.

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(1) Note. This and the indented subclasses (1) Note. Ultra filtration membranes typi- provide for original patents directed to cally separate compounds with molecu- the production of proteins claimed lar weight from 1,000 to 1,000,000 generically and for cross-references of dalton (1 to 100 nm) in size. named proteins provided for above. (2) Note. Particle dimensions of compounds (2) Note. This and the indented subclasses commonly separated by ultra filtration. provide for a process which includes a chemical reaction so long as the chemi - cal reaction is part of a separation or purification procedure and provided that the reactants do not include the protein to be recovered.

(3) Note. See subclass 344 for a compre- hensive listing of classes which provide for separation process where the material purified is not specifically claimed as being a protein.

413 Immunological separation or affinity chro- matography: This subclass is indented under subclass 412. Processes in which an antigen antibody or binding protein reaction is used to effect sepa- (3) Note. Mesh tree number ultrafiltration. ration of a component of a mixture.

(1) Note. Mesh tree member: H1.181.278.186.400.170 and E5.196.181.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB - CLASS: 387.1+, for immunogloblulins, per se. 417, for separation by chromatography. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 210, Liquid Purification, subclass 650 for SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: processes of separation by filtration 436, Chemistry: Analytical and Immuno- and subclass 652 for processes of sep- logical Testing, subclass 824 for a aration by osmosis. digest collection of immunological separation techniques. 415 Selective absorption, e.g., Ca phosphate sor- bents, etc.: 414 Ultra filtration or osmosis: This subclass is indented under subclass 412. This subclass is indented under subclass 412. Processes in which separation of a protein from Processes in which separation is effected (a) by a liquid mixture is effected by contact with a means of a permeable membrane through solid material which preferentially attracts and which a solvent is forced under pressure carry- holds one of the components of the liquid mix- ing low molecular weight compounds through ture. the membrane or (b) by means of a permeable membrane through which compounds are (1) Note. See the extensive search class forced by osmatic pressure. notes in Class 210, subclass 660 for related and allied arts and particularly

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note (4) for the disposition of ion exchange resins. 418 Precipitation: This subclass is indented under subclass 412. 416 Ion exchange: Processes in which a protein is separated from This subclass is indented under subclass 415. a liquid by physical or chemical means to cause Process in which separation of a protein from a the protein or undesired material to agglomer- liquid is effected by a solid insoluble material ate, coagulate, coalesce or flocculate. which captures from the liquid a dissociated charged chemical moiety and releases to the (1) Note. Precipitation may be either by liquid a different charged moiety of the same chemical reaction, including salting out, polarity. or by physical means such as agitation or heat. (1) Note. See Class 210, subclass 660 for comprehensive treatment of the disposi- (2) Note. See Class 210, subclass 702 for tion of ion exchange processes in that the disposition of precipitation processes and other related classes. Class 210 and other related classes.

(2) Note. 419 With added material: This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Processes in which precipitation is brought about by adding a material thereto.

420 Inorganic: This subclass is indented under subclass 419. Processes in which the added material is inor- 417 Chromatography or by septum selective as ganic. to material, e.g., gel filtration, molecular sieve dialysis, etc.: 421 Polymeric, e.g., polyethylene glycol, etc.: This subclass is indented under subclass 415. This subclass is indented under subclass 419. Processes in which a protein is separated from Process in which the added material is a natural a liquid mixture by a solid sorbent which com- or synthetic polymer. petes in affinity with a moving carrier liquid or solvent such that a separation is effected by dif- 422 Solvent extraction: fering speeds of travel through the solid sor- This subclass is indented under subclass 412. bent. Process in which a protein is separated from a solid or liquid mixture by preferential dissolu- (1) Note. See Class 210, subclass 658 and tion in an added solvent. the notes thereunder for disposition of chromatography in that and related (1) Note. See Class 210, subclass 634 and classes, and Class 210, subclass 635 the extensive notes therein for the dispo- which provides for gel chromatography. sition of solvent extraction in that class.

(2) Note. This subclass provides for high 423 Oxygenated material: performance liquid chromatography. This subclass is indented under subclass 422. Processes in which the solvent contains oxy- (3) Note. Mesh tree number: gen.

424 Alcohol: This subclass is indented under subclass 423. Processes in which the oxgenated solvent is an alcohol.

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117, Single-Crystal, Oriented-Crystal, and 425 Carboxyl containing: Epitaxy Growth Processes; Non-Coat- This subclass is indented under subclass 423. ing Apparatus Therefor, for pro- Processes in which the oxygenated material cesses for growing therein-defined contains a carboxyl group. single-crystal of all types of materials, including inorganic or organic. 426 Hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon: 162, Paper Making and Fiber Liberation, This subclass is indented under subclass 422. for processes of liberating cellulosic Processes in which the solvent is a hydrocar- fibers which include the recovery of bon or a halogenated hydrocarbon. an organic by-product. 506, Combinatorial Chemistry Technol- 427 Physical treatment: ogy: Method, Library, Apparatus, for This subclass is indented under subclass 412. a chemical or biological library or a Processes in which a protein is separated or process of creating said library. purified by a physical treatment. 562, Organic Compounds, subclass 513 for the production of oxalic acid from (1) Note. This subclass would provide for waste sulfite liquor. separation by ultrasonic treatment of flo- tation techniques. 501 Aldehyde, ketone or ozone reacted with a lignin or lignin containing substance, or 500 LIGNINS OR DERIVATIVES: product thereof: This subclass is indented under Class 260, sub- This subclass is indented under subclass 500. class 1. Lignins, i.e., the Major Noncarbohy- Processes wherein a lignin or a lignin-contain- drate Constituents of Wood and Woody Plants, ing substance is reacted with an aldehyde, with or Reaction Products Thereof. a ketone, or with ozone, or the reaction prod- ucts thereof. (1) Note. The chemical treatment of source materials such as, for example, waste (1) Note. See this Class, subclass 507 for sulfite liquor or black liquor, to derive processes wherein acetone, for example, therefrom a lignin-containing substance is used as a solvent rather than as a reac- is included herein, unless said treatment tant. produces a definite carbon compound which is specifically provided for else- 502 Compound which includes phenolic hydroxy where. or oxygen containing hetero ring reacted with a lignin or lignin containing substance, (2) Note. The rules for determining Class or product thereof: placement of the Original Reference This subclass is indented under subclass 500. (OR) for claimed chemical compositions Processes wherein a lignin or a lignin-contain- are set forth in the Class Definition of ing substance is reacted with a compound hav- Class 252 in the SECTION LINES ing hydroxy bonded directly to a benzene ring WITH OTHER CLASSES AND or with a compound having an oxygen-contain- WITHIN THIS CLASS, subsection ing hereto ring, or the reaction products COMPOSITION CLASS SUPERIOR- thereof. ITY, which includes a hierarchical ORDER OF SUPERIORITY FOR 503 Hydrogenation of a lignin or lignin contain- COMPOSITION CLASSES. ing substance, or product thereof: This subclass is indented under subclass 500. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: Processes wherein a lignin or a lignin-contain- 8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treat- ing substance is reacted with hydrogen, or the ment and Chemical Modification of reaction products thereof. Textiles and Fibers, for tanning agents derived from waste cellulose libera- 504 Carboxylic acid anhydride, or a compound tion liquors. having halogen bonded directly to acyclic carbon by nonionic bonding, reacted with a

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lignin or lignin containing substance, or product thereof: Cross-reference art collections 860-868 are related to This subclass is indented under subclass 500. subclasses 387.1 through 391.9 Processes wherein a lignin or a lignin-contain- ing substance is reacted with a carboxylic acid 800 ANTIHYPERTENSIVE PEPTIDES: anhydride or with a compound having halogen Cross-reference art collection containing pat- (i.e., fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine) ents in which the peptide is claimed or dis- bonded directly or indirectly to an acyclic car- closed as lowering blood pressure. bon by nonionic bonding, or the reaction prod- ucts thereof. 801 PEPTIDE SWEETNERS: Cross-reference art collection containing pat- 505 Compound containing nitrogen attached ents in which the peptide is claimed or dis- directly or indirectly to carbon by nonionic closed as possessing a sweet taste. bonding reacted with a lignin or lignin con- taining substance, or product therof: 802 CHROMOGENIC OR LUMINESCENT This subclass is indented under subclass 500. PEPTIDES: Processes wherein a lignin or a lignin-contain- Cross-reference art collection containing pat- ing substance is reacted with a compound hav- ents in which the peptide is claimed or dis- ing nitrogen attached directly or indirectly to closed as luminescent or chromogenic. carbon by nonionic bonding, or the reaction products thereof. 806 ANTIGENIC PEPTIDES OR PROTEINS: Cross-reference art collection containing pat- 506 Heavy metal, aluminum, silicon or phospho- ents in which the peptides or proteins are rus containing: claimed or disclosed an antigens. This subclass is indented under subclass 500. Compounds which contain heavy metal (i.e., (1) Note. This collection does not include metals with a density greater than 4.0), alumi- immunogenic carriers conjugated to hap- num, silicon, or phosphorus. tens. Such patents are in subclasses 403+. 507 Processes utilizing an organic solvent or a compound having alcoholic hydroxy bonded 807 HAPTEN CONJUGATED WITH A PEP- directly to an acyclic carbon, or product TIDE OR PROTEIN: thereof: Cross-reference art collection for peptides or This subclass is indented under subclass 500. proteins bonded to a compound that is identi- Processes wherein there is utilized a compound fied as or functions as a hapten. having alcoholic hydroxy bonded directly to an acyclic carbon or an organic solvent, or the 808 MATERIALS OR PRODUCTS RELATED reaction products thereof. TO GENETIC ENGINEERING OR HYBRID OR FUSED CELL TECHNOL- (1) Note. The compound having alcoholic OGY, E.G., HYBRIDOMA, MONO- hydroxy bonded directly to an acyclic CLONAL PRODUCTS, ETC.: carbon may be used as a solvent or as a Cross-reference art collection containing pat- reactant. ents in which the peptide or protein is the prod- uct of a process involving recombinant DNA (2) Note. An alcoholic hydroxy group is technology or hybrid or fused cell technology. one that is bonded to a carbon that is not doubly bonded to chalcogen or to nitro- 809 Fused cell products, e.g., hybridoma prod- gen, i.e., compounds such as acetic acid, ucts, etc.: etc., are not considered to have an alco- This subclass is indented under subclass 808. holic hydroxy group. Cross-reference art collection for peptide or protein products produced by a fused cell. CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS 810 CARRIER BOUND OR IMMOBILIZED PEPTIDE OR PROTEIN, PREPARATION

September 2010 530 - 64 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

THEREOF, E.G., USE OF BIOLOGICAL vided for in the 520 series and polypep- CELL FRAGMENTS AS CARRIER, ETC.: tides (including proteins) provided for in This subclass is indented under the class defini- Class 530 is that the compounds of the tion. Cross-reference art collection which is an 520 series have statistically distributed artificially produced composition or complex amino acids or blocks of amino acids in or compound containing the property of physi- their molecules in a random sequence cal confinement or localization during a contin- whereas 530 provides for molecules uous chemical process or the property of composed of a specific sequence of enhanced recoverability in a batch process for amino acids of defined identity and order repeated future use and processes for preparing (i.e., primary structure) having identity the same. or close relation to a humerial or cellular polypeptide or having some humerial or (1) Note. Immobilization results from cova- cellular effect due to its order structure. lent bonding between the peptide or pro- tein and the carrier or an ionic bonding SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: between the peptide or protein and a car- 65, Glass Manufacturing, for processes of rier or sorption of a peptide or protein making glass articles, particularly with a carrier, or entrapment of a peptide subclass 339 for making optical fibers or protein within a carrier. or waveguides by incorporating dopant into porous glass body; sub- (2) Note. A carrier material may be either class 413 for making optical fibers or water soluble or water insoluble. waveguides by deposition of vapor onto porous glass body; subclass 432 (3) Note. Peptides chemically or physically for making glass optical fibers or bonded to a water-insoluble. waveguides by coating porous glass fibers or waveguides with synthetic or (3) Note. Peptides chemically or physically natural resin containing material; sub- bonded to a water-soluble matrix, con- classes 447+ for making glass fibers tained within a polymer or gel, absorbed or filaments by coating porous glass on a resin are examples of immobilized body with synthetic or natural resin or peptides. asphalt containing material; subclass 22 for making a porous glass article (4) Note. When a carrier is composed of which may find utility as an immobili- more than one material, the patent is zation agent. placed in the subclass which corresponds 106, Compositions: Coating, or Plastic, to the material to which the peptide is for protein containing coating or plas- bound, e.g., a carrier which is a synthetic tic compositions, particularly sub- polymer coated metal is placed in sub- classes 4, 24, 124+, and 645+ class 421. indented subclasses. 156, Adhesive Bonding and Miscella- (5) Note. The carrier material or the carrier neous Chemical Manufacture, sub- material and a covalent bond forming classes 77+ for pore forming in com- agent impart to the peptide or protein the bination with a laminating step. property of physical confinement for 210, Liquid Purification or Separation, localization during continuous process subclasses 263+ and 689 for pro- or the property of enhanced recoverabil- cesses and apparatus for ion exchange ity in a batch process which it did not or sorption of components from a liq- possess prior to treatment with the car- uid; and subclass 615 for a process of rier material or carrier material and a use of an immobilized enzyme or covalent bonding agent. micro-organism to purify sewage.

(6) Note. Synthetic Resins vs. Polypeptides. The conceptual difference between the subject matter of synthetic resins pro-

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260, Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, 525, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, various subclasses for coenzymes or subclasses 54.1+ for a product or pro- immobilized coenzymes; subclasses cess of chemically reacting a protein 998.2+ utilities intended for use as or polypeptide with a synthetic resin. dyestuffs or pharmaceuticals or other- 527, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, wise excluded from Class 520, sub- subclasses 200+ for resinous prod- classes 1+ by Note (1) of subclasses ucts and the processes of preparing 1+. them wherein protein is incorporated 264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shap- into the resinous structure. ing or Treating: Processes, sub- classes 41+ for significant molding 811 Peptide or proteins immobilized on, or in, an processes which include the step of inorganic carrier: pore forming in situ. This subclass is indented under subclass 810. 424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treat- Cross-reference art collection wherein the car- ing Compositions, especially sub- rier is an inorganic compound or metal or alloy. classes 417, 457, 459, and 468 for coated products which may contain a 812 Peptides or proteins are immobilized on, or protein; subclasses 94.1+ for a com- in, an organic carrier: position containing an enzyme or This subclass is indented under subclass 810. coenzyme including immobilized Cross-reference art collection wherein the sup- forms and subclasses 2+ for a compo- port material is an organic compound. sition containing a protein. 428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Arti- 813 Carrier is a saccharide: cles, subclasses 474.4+ for a non- This subclass is indented under subclass 812. structural stock material product in Cross-reference art collection wherein the sup- the form of a composite web or sheet port material is a saccharide. including a layer comprising protein, and other appropriately titled sub- (1) Note. Derivatized starch, derivatized classes, e.g., subclasses 435 and 458; cellulose, and polysaccharides are carbo- and subclasses 304.4+ for stock mate- hydrates within the meaning of this sub- rial in the form of a composite web or class. sheet embodying a component which is porous or cellular. 814 Cellulose or derivative thereof: 435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and This subclass is indented under subclass 813. Microbiology, subclasses 174+ for Cross-reference art collection wherein the car- carrier bond or immobilized enzymes rier is cellulose or a substituted cellulose. or microbial cells and the preparation thereof and subclass 188 for enzyme (1) Note. Examples of substituted cellulose conjugates, ligands and adducts. are DEAE cellulose, etc. 436, Chemistry: Analytical and Immuno- logical Chemistry, subclasses 501 815 Carrier is a synthetic polymer: through 548 particularly subclass 518 This subclass is indented under subclass 812. of use of immobilized antigens, anti- Cross-reference art collection wherein the sup- bodies, or other immunochemicals in port material is a linear or cross-linked polymer a test or analysis. which is not naturally occurring. 521, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, subclasses 25+ for an ion exchange 816 Attached to the carrier via a bridging agent: resin and the processes of making or This subclass is indented under subclass 815. regenerating them; and subclasses Cross-reference art collection wherein the pep- 50+ for cellular or porous resinous tide or protein is bonded to the polymeric car- bodies and the process of preparing rier through an intermediate compound which them. attaches to both the peptide or protein and the carrier.

September 2010 530 - 66 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS September 2010

classes 269 and 272+ for the libera- (1) Note. The formation of the immobilized tion or purification of proteins by peptide or protein may be in a stagewise means of a micro-organism or manner with a reaction between the car- enzyme, particularly subclass 273 for rier and bridging agent being complete the purification of collagen or gelatin. before the peptide or protein is added or in a process in which the carrier, bridg- 821 Separation of nucleic acid: ing agent, and peptide or protein are Cross-reference art collection for peptides or present simultaneously in which case proteins which are separated from nucleic some care should be exercised in distin- acids. guishing the process of this subclass from mere entrapment. In general, if 822 Protozoa: three separate entities, i.e., enzyme and This subclass is indented under subclass 820. two different chemical species are Cross-reference art collection for peptides or present simultaneously, bonding through proteins which are separated from Protozoa. a bridging agent should be presumed. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: (2) Note. A product or process classifiable 435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and in this subclass combines a polymeric Microbiology, subclasses 258.1+ for carrier with a bridging agent to provide subject matter involving protozoa, functional groups for attachment. It including processes and compositions should be noted that similar functional for their propagation, etc. groups can be provided by formation of a polymeric carrier by copolymerization 823 Lower fungi, e.g., mold etc.: of monomers one or more of which con- This subclass is indented under subclass 820. tain the desired functional group for Cross-reference art collection for peptides or attachment and that such would be pro- proteins which are separated from fungi. vided for in subclass 421. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 817 Entrapped within the carrier, e.g., gel, hol- 435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and low fibre; etc.: Microbiology, subclasses 254.1+ for This subclass is indented under subclass 815. subject matter involving fungi includ- Cross-reference art collection wherein the pep- ing processes and compositions for tide or protein is physically trapped in a reticu- their propagation, etc. lated polymer structure. 824 Yeasts: 820 PROTEINS FROM MICRO-ORGAN- This subclass is indented under subclass 823. ISMS: Cross-reference art collection for peptides or Cross-reference art collection for peptides or proteins which are separated from yeast. proteins derived from micro-organisms. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: (1) Note. The indented collections are left 435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and without detailed definition in favor of Microbiology, subclasses 254.2+ and the many standard reference works in 255.1+ for subject matter involving microbiology. yeast including processes and compo- sitions for their propagation, etc. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and 825 Bacteria: Microbiology, subclasses 68.1+ for This subclass is indented under subclass 820. the microbial or enzymatic synthesis Cross-reference art collection for peptides or of proteins and peptides; subclasses proteins which are separated from bacteria. 183+ for the production of enzymes; and subclasses 174+ for the formation of immobilized enzymes and sub-

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826 Viruses: 832 Milk; colostrum: This subclass is indented under subclass 820. This subclass is indented under subclass 827. Cross-reference art collection for peptides or Cross-reference art collection for peptides or proteins which are separated from virus. proteins which are separated from milk or colostrum. 827 PROTEINS FROM MAMMALS OR BIRDS: 833 Whey; cheese: Cross-reference art collection for peptides or This subclass is indented under subclass 827. proteins which are separated from mammals or Cross-reference art collection for peptides or birds. proteins which are separated from whey or cheese. (1) Note. For a detailed list of the parts see the National Library of Medicine's Med- 834 Urine; urinary system: ical Subject Headings Category A list- This subclass is indented under subclass 827. ings. This listing is available online. Cross-reference art collection for peptides or proteins which are separated from urine or SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: from tissue of the urinary system. 424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treat- ing Compositions, subclass 520 for 835 Kidney: compositions with a Class 424 utility This subclass is indented under subclass 834. wherein the active ingredient is an Cross-reference art collection for peptides or animal extract or tissue of undeter- proteins which are separated from the kidney. mined chemical constitution, i.e., the chemical structure is not sufficiently 836 Mucus; mucus glands; bursa; arthral fluid; established to classify the extract else- spinal fluid: where. This subclass is indented under subclass 827. Cross-reference art collection for peptides or 828 Cancer: proteins which are separated from mucus, This subclass is indented under subclass 827. mucus producing glands, bursa, arthral fluid or Cross-reference art collection for peptides or spinal fluid. proteins which are separated from cancer tis- sue. 837 Lymph; lymph-glands; thymus: This subclass is indented under subclass 827. 829 Blood: Cross-reference art collection for peptides or This subclass is indented under subclass 827. proteins which are separated from lymph, Cross-reference art collection for peptides or lymph glands or the thymus. proteins which are separated from blood. 838 Marrow; spleen: 830 Plasma; serum: This subclass is indented under subclass 827. This subclass is indented under subclass 829. Cross-reference art collection for peptides or Cross-reference collection for peptides or pro- proteins which are separated from the marrow teins which are separated from blood plasma or or spleen. serum. 839 Nerves; or brain: 831 Cohn fractions: This subclass is indented under subclass 827. This subclass is indented under subclass 830. Cross-reference art collection for peptides or Cross-reference art collection for peptides or proteins which are separated from the nerves or proteins which are separated from Cohn frac- brain. tions.

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840 Bones; tendons, teeth; cartilage: 848 Lungs: This subclass is indented under subclass 827. This subclass is indented under subclass 827. Cross-reference art collection for peptides or Cross-reference art collection for peptides or proteins which are separated from bones, ten- proteins which are separated from the lungs. dons, teeth or cartilage. 849 Eyes; vessels; umbilical cord: 841 Muscles; heart: This subclass is indented under subclass 827. This subclass is indented under subclass 827. Cross-reference art collection for peptides Cross-reference art collection for peptides or which are separated from the eye, blood ves- proteins which are separated from muscles or sels or umbilical cord. the heart. 850 Reproductive organs or embryos: 842 Skin; hair; nails; sebaceous glands; ceru- This subclass is indented under subclass 827. men: Cross-reference art collection for peptides or This subclass is indented under subclass 827. proteins which are separated from the repro- Cross-reference art collection for peptides or ductive organs or from embryos. proteins which are separated from skin, hair, nails, sebaceous glands or cerumen. 851 Placenta; amniotic fluid: This subclass is indented under subclass 850. 843 Digestive system: Cross-reference art collection for peptides or This subclass is indented under subclass 827. proteins which are separated from the placenta Cross-reference art collection for peptides or or amniotic fluid. proteins which are separated from the digestive system. 852 Sperm: This subclass is indented under subclass 850. (1) Note. For a detailed list of the parts of Cross-reference art collection for peptides or the various anatomical systems see the proteins which are separated from sperm. National Library of Medicine's Medical Subject Headings Category A listings. 853 Ovary; eggs; embryos: This listing is available on line. This subclass is indented under subclass 852. Cross-reference art collection for peptides or 844 Stomach; intestine: proteins which are separated from the ovary, This subclass is indented under subclass 843. eggs or embryo. Cross-reference art collection for peptides or proteins which are separated from the stomach 854 Glands: or the intestines. This subclass is indented under subclass 827. Cross-reference art collection for peptides or 845 Pancreas: proteins which are separated from glands not This subclass is indented under subclass 843. otherwise provided for. Cross-reference art collection for peptides or proteins which are separated from the pan- 855 PROTEINS FROM ANIMALS OTHER creas. THAN MAMMALS OR BIRDS: Cross-reference art collection peptides or pro- 846 Liver: teins from animals other than mammals or This subclass is indented under subclass 843. birds. Cross-reference art collection for peptides or proteins which are separated from the liver. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treat- 847 Bile: ing Compositions, subclass 520 for This subclass is indented under subclass 843. compositions with a Class 424 utility Cross-reference art collection for peptides or wherein the active ingredient is an proteins which are separated from the liver animal extract or tissue of undeter- bile. mined chemical constitution, i.e., the

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chemical structure is not sufficiently established to classify the extract else- 864 Monoclonal: where. This subclass is indented under subclass 863. Cross-reference art collection involving a mon- 856 Snakes; venom: oclonal antibody that is IgM. This subclass is indented under subclass 855. Cross-reference art collection for peptides or 865 Human: proteins from snakes or snake venom. This subclass is indented under subclass 864. Cross-reference art collection involving a 857 Fish, fish eggs; shell fish; crustacea: human monoclonal antibody that is IgM. This subclass is indented under subclass 855. Cross-reference art collection for peptides or 866 INVOLVING IMMUNOGLOBULIN OR proteins from fish, fish roe, shell fish or crusta- ANTIBODY FRAGMENT (E.G., F(ab)'2, cea. Fab', Fab, Fv, Fc, HEAVY CHAIN, LIGHT CHAIN, ETC.): 858 Insects; venom: Cross-reference art collection involving an This subclass is indented under subclass 855. immunoglobulin or antibody fragment. Cross-reference art collection for peptides or proteins from insects or insect venom. 867 INVOLVING IMMUNOGLOBULIN OR ANTIBODY PRODUCED VIA RECOMBI- 859 WASTE, WASTE MATERIAL, REFUSE NANT DNA TECHNOLOGY: OR SLUDGE, E.G., EFFLUENTS, FECAL Cross-reference art collection involving an MATTER, ETC.: immunoglobulin or antibody produced via Cross-reference art collection for peptides or recombinant DNA technology. proteins from waste, waste material, refuse or sludge. 868 INVOLVING AUTOIMMUNITY, ALLERGY, IMMEDIATE HYPERSENSI- 860 RENIN INHIBITORS: TIVITY, DE-LAYED HYPERSENSITIV- Cross-reference art collection involving sub- ITY, IMMUNOSUPPRESSION, OR stances that inhibit the angiotensinogen-cleav- IMMUNOTOLERANCE: ing action of renin. Cross-reference art collection involving an immunoglobulin or antibody asssociated with (1) Note. This and the following cross-refer- autoimmunity, allergy, immediate hypersensi- ence art collections are related to sub- tivity, delayed hypersensitivity, immunosup- classes 387.1 through 391.9. pression, or immunotolerance.

861 INVOLVING IgG3, IgG4, IgA, OR IgY: END Cross-reference art collection involving immu- noglobulin IgG3, IgG4, IgA, or IgY.

(1) Note. IgY is similar to IgG and is found only in birds.

862 INVOLVING IgE OR IgD: Cross-reference art collection involving immu- noglobulin IgE or IgD.

863 INVOLVING IgM: Cross-reference art collection involving immu- noglobulin IgM.

September 2010