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Reports VOLUME 45 January 1 to December 31, 2003 CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE OCEANIC FISHERIES INVESTIGATIONS Reports VOLUME 45 January 1 to December 31, 2003 Cooperating Agencies: CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE CALCOFI COORDINATOR Laura Rogers-Bennett EDITOR Joni Harlan Gabriel This report is not copyrighted, except where otherwise indicated, and may be reproduced in other publications provided credit is given to California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations and to the author(s). Inquiries concerning this report should be addressed to CalCOFI Coordinator, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, 8604 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-1508. EDITORIAL BOARD Robert N. Lea Laura Rogers-Bennett Printed and distributed August 2005, La Jolla, California ISSN 0575-3317 CalCOFI Rep., Vol. 45, 2004 CONTENTS I. Reports, Review, and Publications Report of the CalCOFI Committee . 5 Review of Some California Fisheries for 2003: Market Squid, Coastal Pelagic Finfish, Dungeness Crab, Sea Urchin, Groundfish, Ocean Salmon, Tuna, Nearshore Live-Fish, Pacific Herring, and Rock Crab . 9 The State of the California Current, 2003–2004: A Rare “Normal” Year. Ralf Goericke, Steven J. Bograd, Gilberto Gaxiola-Castro, José Gómez-Valdes, Rian Hooff, Adriana Huyer, K. David Hyrenbach, Bertha E. Lavaniegos, Arnold Mantyla, William T. Peterson, Franklin B. Schwing, Robert L. Smith, William J. Sydeman, Elizabeth Venrick, and Patricia A. Wheeler . 27 Publications . 61 II. Symposium of the CalCOFI Conference, 2003 ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABILITY AND ITS IMPACT ON INVERTEBRATE FISHERIES . 63 Contraction of the Geographic Range of Distribution of Snow Crab (Chionoecetes opilio) in the Eastern Bering Sea: An Environmental Ratchet? J. (Lobo) Orensanz, Billy Ernst, David A. Armstrong, Phyllis Stabeno, and Pat Livingston . .65 Geoduck (Panopea Abrupta) Recruitment in the Pacific Northwest: Long-Term Changes in Relation to Climate. Juan L. Valero, Claudia Hand, J. M. (Lobo) Orensanz, Ana M. Parma, David Armstrong, and Ray Hilborn . .80 Investigating Environmental Effects on Population Dynamics of Loligo Opalescens in the Southern California Bight. Christian S. Reiss, Michael R. Maxwell, John R. Hunter, and Annette Henry . .87 The Potential Synergistic Effects of Climate Change and Fishing Pressure on Exploited Invertebrates on Rocky Intertidal Shores. Christopher D. G. Harley and Laura Rogers-Bennett . .98 III. Scientific Contributions Utility of Larval Pigmentation to Identify Nearshore Rockfishes of the Sebastes Subgenus Pteropodus from Southern California. Cynthia A. Taylor and William Watson . .113 Diet Differences in the Thresher Shark (Alopias Vulpinus) During Transition from a Warm-Water Regime to a Cool-Water Regime off California-Oregon, 1998–2000. Antonella Preti, Susan E. Smith, and Darlene A. Ramon . .118 Community Structure of Euphausiids in the Southern Part of the California Current During October 1997 (El Niño) and October 1999 (La Niña). Lorena Linacre . .126 Locally and Remotely Forced Environmental Influences on California Commercial Fish and Invertebrate Landings. Jerrold G. Norton and Janet E. Mason . .136 On the Existence of Pacific Sardine Groups off the West Coast of Baja California and Southern California. Roberto Félix-Uraga, Víctor M. Gómez-Muñoz, Casimiro Quiñónez-Velázquez, Felipe Neri Melo-Barrera, and Walterio García-Franco . .146 Retention in Larval Rockfishes, Sebastes, Near Natal Habitat in the Southern California Bight, as Indicated by Molecular Identification Methods. Cynthia A. Taylor, William Watson, Teri Chereskin, John Hyde, and Russell Vetter . .152 Comparison of Recreational Fish Catch Trends to Environment-Species Relationships and Fishery-Independent Data in the Southern California Bight, 1980–2000. Erica T. Jarvis, M. James Allen, and Robert W. Smith . .167 Historical Patterns from 74 Years of Commercial Landings from California Waters. Janet E. Mason . .180 Instructions to Authors . 191 CalCOFI Basic Station Plan . inside back cover Indexed in Current Contents. Abstracted in Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts and Oceanic Abstracts. COMMITTEE REPORT CalCOFI Rep., Vol. 45, 2004 Part I REPORTS, REVIEW, AND PUBLICATIONS REPORT OF THE CALCOFI COMMITTEE PACOOS usual seabird casts and plankton tows using the Bongo Development of the Pacific Coast Ocean Observing (oblique plankton tow fitted with an Optical Particle System (PaCOOS), formerly called PaCOS, continues. Counter), Manta (nueston), and Pairovet (vertical) nets. The PaCOOS mission is to provide ocean information Measures of primary productivity, weather, sea birds, and for the sustained use of the California Current large ma- marine mammals were also quantified. In spring 2003, rine ecosystem under a changing climate. A science plan- the RV Roger Revelle completed its cruise of the 67 stan- ning meeting was held in September 2003, followed in dard CalCOFI stations, and the RV David Starr Jordan May 2004 by a Board of Governors meeting, during completed an additional 42 stations, “boxing” the which a draft PaCOOS general science plan (initiated CalCOFI pattern in the south and then transitting north at the September meeting) was reviewed and the frame- to San Francisco; this cruise included a one-day coastal work for a PaCOOS charter and memorandum of un- survey off Imperial Beach with John Largier. In addi- derstanding was developed. The Board of Governors tion to the CalCOFI cruise station surveys, work con- consists of one representative from each of twelve orga- tinues on a number of ancillary research projects involving nizations, including two NOAA Fishery Centers, NOAA phytoplankton, HPLC, zooplankton, trace metals, National Marine Sanctuary program, the three state con- seabirds, and marine mammals, as well as studies using servation agencies, four universities, and two founda- the optical plankton counter, Continuous Underway tions. When implemented, CalCOFI shall become the Fish Egg Sampler, Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler, southern component of a coastwide PaCOOS sentinel- EK-500 scientific sounder, and bio-optics. species observing system. The geographic observational requirement of PaCOOS is the U.S. EEZ off the coasts CalCOFI Web Site Overhaul of California, Oregon, and Washington, with links to As the CalCOFI program synchronizes with other comparable ecosystem observations of the California coastal observation programs, the interest in the CalCOFI Current in México and Canada. Web site (www.calcofi.org) continues to grow rapidly. Data integration planning has also begun with initial In the last 6 months, visitors from over 40 countries have funding from the National Marine Fisheries Service. accessed the site. Originally designed for general cruise Development of a Web-based searchable database that information and as a hydrographic data archive, the Web integrates physical and biological data is progressing. site is expanding, offering new data products and oceano- The software infrastructure to read both data sets is graphic sampling and analysis information. being developed for the region currently surveyed by The 54-year data set is in a period of transition as vig- CalCOFI. This will be expanded to incorporate data orous efforts are being made to convert the data tables from partners along the coast such as from stations now into a Web-based queriable relational database. Currently, occupied to the north by Monterey Bay Aquarium the relational hydrographic database is available globally Research Institute (MBARI). We foresee the Web site’s to users as a downloadable file, and a Web-based query role broadening from a CalCOFI-specific information interface is being developed. source to a portal for querying coastal relational data- This conversion of the tabulated data to relational bases and promoting ecosystem research. The Web address database is the first step in facilitating the interlinking of is http://calcofi-las.ucsd.edu related databases on the Internet. Our Live Access Server (LAS) project currently under development will dy- CALCOFI namically link CalCOFI hydrographic data to biologi- cal databases and ancillary data products. Using a single Cruises Web-based query form, researchers will be able to ex- The CalCOFI program completed its fifty-fourth tract and download interrelated data types from any of year, with four quarterly cruises during which were the the linked databases. 5 COMMITTEE REPORT CalCOFI Rep., Vol. 45, 2004 Central California CalCOFI surveys terim support from NOAA (to replace operating funds A collaboration between MBARI, the Naval lost in university budget cuts) SIO has agreed to begin Postgraduate School (NPS), the University of California, coordinating and developing areas essential to the future Santa Cruz (UCSC), and NOAA/NMFS has led to con- of the PaCOOS program. These fall into two main cat- tinued quarterly occupations of historical CalCOFI lines egories: augmented development of an integrated data off central California. Line 67 was occupied quarterly management system (presently being initiated by SWFSC from 1988 to 1991 and has been since 1997 in response and SIO personnel under the guidance of Dr. Christian to the 1997–98 El Niño. On the basis of discussions Reiss at SWFSC); and initiation of technical training started with ACCEO and more recently with PaCOOS, and cross-calibration of procedures, making use of the it was decided to continue this important
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