Developer Note Macintosh Duo System Developer Note APPLE CONFIDENTIAL 11/4/92 Developer Technical Publications © Apple Computer, Inc. 1992 Apple Computer, Inc. LIMITED WARRANTY ON MEDIA AND © 1992, Apple Computer, Inc. REPLACEMENT All rights reserved. If you discover physical defects in the No part of this publication may be manual or in the media on which a software reproduced, stored in a retrieval product is distributed, APDA will replace system, or transmitted, in any form or the media or manual at no charge to you by any means, mechanical, electronic, provided you return the item to be replaced photocopying, recording, or otherwise, with proof of purchase to APDA. without prior written permission of ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES ON THIS Apple Computer, Inc. Printed in the MANUAL, INCLUDING IMPLIED United States of America. WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY The Apple logo is a registered AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. PURPOSE, ARE LIMITED IN DURATION Use of the “keyboard” Apple logo TO NINETY (90) DAYS FROM THE DATE (Option-Shift-K) for commercial OF THE ORIGINAL RETAIL PURCHASE purposes without the prior written OF THIS PRODUCT. consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair Even though Apple has reviewed this competition in violation of federal and manual, APPLE MAKES NO WARRANTY state laws. OR REPRESENTATION, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO THIS No licenses, express or implied, are MANUAL, ITS QUALITY, ACCURACY, granted with respect to any of the MERCHANTABILITY, OR FITNESS FOR A technology described in this book. PARTICULAR PURPOSE. AS A RESULT, Apple retains all intellectual property THIS MANUAL IS SOLD “AS IS,” AND rights associated with the technology YOU, THE PURCHASER, ARE ASSUMING described in this book. This book is THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO ITS QUALITY intended to assist application AND ACCURACY. developers to develop applications only for Apple Macintosh computers. IN NO EVENT WILL APPLE BE LIABLE FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, Apple Computer, Inc. INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 20525 Mariani Avenue DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ANY Cupertino, CA 95014 DEFECT OR INACCURACY IN THIS 408-996-1010 MANUAL, even if advised of the possibility Apple, the Apple logo, APDA, of such damages. AppleLink, AppleTalk, ImageWriter, THE WARRANTY AND REMEDIES SET LaserWriter, LocalTalk, Macintosh, and FORTH ABOVE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN MacTerminal are trademarks of Apple LIEU OF ALL OTHERS, ORAL OR Computer, Inc., registered in the United WRITTEN, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. No States and other countries. Apple dealer, agent, or employee is Apple Desktop Bus, Finder, Macintosh authorized to make any modification, Duo, Macintosh Quadra, PowerBook extension, or addition to this warranty. Duo, MacWorkStation, and QuickDraw are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of implied warranties or liability Adobe Illustrator and PostScript are for incidental or consequential damages, so trademarks of Adobe Systems the above limitation or exclusion may not Incorporated, which may be registered apply to you. This warranty gives you in certain jurisdictions. specific legal rights, and you may also have FrameMaker is a registered trademark other rights which vary from state to state. of Frame Technology Corporation. Helvetica and Palatino are registered trademarks of Linotype Company. ITC Zapf Dingbats is a registered trademark of International Typeface Corporation. MacDraw is a registered trademark of Claris Corporation. NuBus is a trademark of Texas Instruments. Varityper is a registered trademark of Varityper, Inc. Simultaneously published in the United States and Canada. Contents Figures and Tables xi Preface About This Note xvii Conventions Used in This Book xvii Other Reference Material xviii For More Information xix Part 1 Macintosh PowerBook Duo Computer 1 Chapter 1 Introduction to the Macintosh PowerBook Duo Computer 3 Software Issues 4 Market Segments 4 Machine Identification 6 PowerBook Duo Features 6 Expansion Features 7 Design Architecture 7 Processing and Control 7 Memory and Storage Capacity 10 Communication 10 SCSI and SCC Interface Capabilities 10 Modem and Fax Links 11 Human Interface 11 Video Display Panel 11 Keyboard 11 Trackball 11 Microphone and Speaker 12 Main Expansion Connector 12 Chapter 2 PowerBook Duo Main Logic Board 13 Main Processor 15 Memory Mapping 16 Memory 19 DRAM 19 DRAM Expansion Card 19 iii System ROM 19 Docking Manager Calls on ROM 20 Main System Controller 20 Integrated VIAs 20 Timing and Interrupt Control 21 Memory Access and Control 21 Sound DMA 21 Power Saving 21 Power Requirements and Management 22 The Power Manager 22 Operating Modes 22 Power-Saving and Built-in Security Features 24 PowerBook Duo Power States 24 Nap 24 Sleep 25 Shutdown 25 Battery Power Supply and AC Power Adapter 25 Power Operating Modes 26 Battery Charger 26 AC Power Adapter 26 Combination SCSI/SCC Controller Chip 26 Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) 26 Serial Communication Controller (SCC) 27 Power-Management Constraints for SCSI and SCC 27 Video Components 27 Sound Components 28 Chapter 3 Internal Hard Disk 29 Hard-Disk Drive Housing 30 Operating Modes 33 Power Off Mode 33 Start-up Mode 33 Ready Mode 33 Standby Mode 33 Power Requirements 33 Hard Disk Interface 34 Interface Requirements 34 SCSI Connector 34 Terminator 35 Chapter 4 Input/Output Interfaces 37 Main Expansion Connector 39 iv Serial Port Connector 43 Power Connector 44 RJ-11 Modem Connector 45 Chapter 5 Internal Modem 47 Modem Hardware 48 Mechanical Specifications 48 Modem Implementation for Different Markets 49 Telephone Line Interface 52 Software Architecture 53 Modem Control Panel 53 Communications ToolBox 53 Fax Terminal Software 53 FAX Sender 54 FAX Extension Driver 54 FAX Terminal 54 Compatibility 54 Modem Features 54 Communicating with the Modem 55 Arbitration 55 Ring Messages 56 Data-User Associations 56 Non-Data User Associations 56 Error Correction and Data Compression 57 Installation 57 Fax Send and Receive Capabilities 57 Modem Card Power Requirements 58 Modem Interface 58 Modem Card Electrical Interface 58 Modem Card Hardware Interface 59 Stand-alone PowerBook Duo 59 PowerBook Duo with MiniDock 60 PowerBook Duo with Duo Dock 60 Modem Power Control Interface 62 Telephone Line Electrical Interface 63 Modem/fax Specifications 63 Chapter 6 DRAM Expansion Cards 65 Design Specifications 66 DRAM Components 66 Apple-designed Cards 66 Addressing the Expansion Cards 69 v DRAM Expansion Card Interface 69 DRAM Expansion Card Current and Power Draw 71 DRAM Expansion Card Specifications 72 Chapter 7 Mechanical Features 73 Clamshell Housing 74 LCD Panel 74 Integral Keyboard 76 Integral Trackball 78 Chapter 8 PowerBook Duo Software 79 CPU ROM 80 Universal ROM Support 80 Mouse/Trackball 80 Video Driver 80 SCSI Manager 81 Declaration ROM 81 System Software 81 PowerBook Control Panel 81 Port A AppleTalk 82 PowerBook Duo Display Control Panel 83 AutoRemounter 83 Data Pump Driver 84 Fax Support 84 Software Features 85 Part 2 PowerBook Duo Floppy Adapter and Macintosh Duo MiniDock 87 Chapter 9 Introduction to the PowerBook Duo Floppy Adapter and Macintosh Duo MiniDock 89 Overview of the PowerBook Duo Floppy Adapter 91 Overview of the Macintosh Duo MiniDock 91 Power Budget 92 Electrical Considerations 93 Thermal Considerations 93 vi Chapter 10 PowerBook Duo Floppy Adapter Hardware 95 PowerBook Duo Floppy Adapter Housing 96 Interface with the PowerBook Duo 96 Floppy Adapter Main Logic Board 98 Apple Desktop Bus Connector 100 Support for Floppy Disk Drive 101 Power Supply 102 Chapter 11 Macintosh Duo MiniDock Hardware 103 Designing a Macintosh Duo MiniDock 104 Macintosh Duo MiniDock Housing 104 Rear Panel I/O Connectors 105 Locking Mechanism 106 Docking Constraints 106 Interface with the Powerbook Duo 106 Duo MiniDock Main Logic Board 110 Support for Video Features 113 Apple VSC ASIC 114 Video RAM 114 Video Output 114 Video Interface 114 Support for Floppy Disk Drive 115 SWIM II Controller 115 Floppy Disk Drive Interface 116 Support for SCSI Devices 117 Serial I/O Support 118 Apple Desktop Bus Connector 119 Audio Ports 120 Declaration ROM 120 Power Sources 121 Modem Adapter Card 121 Chapter 12 Software Issues for the Floppy Adapter and the MiniDock 123 Docking and Undocking the PowerBook Duo 124 Docking Conditions 124 Docking Constraints 124 Preferences and Information Identities 126 Multiple Environments 127 Monitors 127 File-Server Connections 127 vii Single to Multiple Ports 127 Overview of Declaration ROM Functions 128 Overview of Modified System ROM Functions 128 Start-Up Process 128 Wake-Up Process 129 Part 3 Macintosh Duo Dock 131 Chapter 13 Introduction to the Macintosh Duo Dock 133 Overview of the Macintosh Duo Dock 134 Chapter 14 Macintosh Duo Dock Hardware 137 Declaration ROM 138 Docking Constraints 139 Macintosh Duo Dock Housing 139 PowerLatch Technology 143 Interface to the PowerBook Duo 143 Duo Dock Main Logic Board 147 Video Support 149 Video Subsystem Controller 149 Video RAM 151 Video Output 153 Video Port 153 SCSI Support 154 Serial Communication Ports 156 Apple Desktop Interface 157 Sound Ports 158 Modem Adapter Card 158 Internal Floppy Drive 160 Optional Hard Drive 160 NuBus Expansion 162 NuBus Controller 162 NuBus Interface 162 Floating-Point Unit Interface 168 Power Supply 170 Network Support 171 viii Chapter 15 Software Issues for the Duo Dock 173 Docking and Undocking the PowerBook Duo 174 Docking Conditions 174 Docking Constraints 175 Preferences and Information Identities