Israel, the Palestinians, and the United Nations: Challenges for the New Administration
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ISRAEL, THE PALESTINIANS, AND THE UNITED NATIONS: CHALLENGES FOR THE NEW ADMINISTRATION JOINT HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA AND THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON AFRICA, GLOBAL HEALTH, GLOBAL HUMAN RIGHTS, AND INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS OF THE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED FIFTEENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION FEBRUARY 2, 2017 Serial No. 115–19 Printed for the use of the Committee on Foreign Affairs ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.foreignaffairs.house.gov/ or http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/ U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 23–886PDF WASHINGTON : 2017 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Publishing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate 0ct 09 2002 09:47 May 23, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 Z:\WORK\_MENA\020217\23886 SHIRL COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS EDWARD R. ROYCE, California, Chairman CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey ELIOT L. ENGEL, New York ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN, Florida BRAD SHERMAN, California DANA ROHRABACHER, California GREGORY W. MEEKS, New York STEVE CHABOT, Ohio ALBIO SIRES, New Jersey JOE WILSON, South Carolina GERALD E. CONNOLLY, Virginia MICHAEL T. MCCAUL, Texas THEODORE E. DEUTCH, Florida TED POE, Texas KAREN BASS, California DARRELL E. ISSA, California WILLIAM R. KEATING, Massachusetts TOM MARINO, Pennsylvania DAVID N. CICILLINE, Rhode Island JEFF DUNCAN, South Carolina AMI BERA, California MO BROOKS, Alabama LOIS FRANKEL, Florida PAUL COOK, California TULSI GABBARD, Hawaii SCOTT PERRY, Pennsylvania JOAQUIN CASTRO, Texas RON DESANTIS, Florida ROBIN L. KELLY, Illinois MARK MEADOWS, North Carolina BRENDAN F. BOYLE, Pennsylvania TED S. YOHO, Florida DINA TITUS, Nevada ADAM KINZINGER, Illinois NORMA J. TORRES, California LEE M. ZELDIN, New York BRADLEY SCOTT SCHNEIDER, Illinois DANIEL M. DONOVAN, JR., New York THOMAS R. SUOZZI, New York F. JAMES SENSENBRENNER, JR., ADRIANO ESPAILLAT, New York Wisconsin TED LIEU, California ANN WAGNER, Missouri BRIAN J. MAST, Florida FRANCIS ROONEY, Florida BRIAN K. FITZPATRICK, Pennsylvania THOMAS A. GARRETT, JR., Virginia AMY PORTER, Chief of Staff THOMAS SHEEHY, Staff Director JASON STEINBAUM, Democratic Staff Director (II) VerDate 0ct 09 2002 09:47 May 23, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 Z:\WORK\_MENA\020217\23886 SHIRL SUBCOMMITTEE ON THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN, Florida, Chairman STEVE CHABOT, Ohio THEODORE E. DEUTCH, Florida DARRELL E. ISSA, California GERALD E. CONNOLLY, Virginia RON DESANTIS, Florida DAVID N. CICILLINE, Rhode Island MARK MEADOWS, North Carolina LOIS FRANKEL, Florida PAUL COOK, California BRENDAN F. BOYLE, Pennsylvania ADAM KINZINGER, Illinois TULSI GABBARD, Hawaii LEE M. ZELDIN, New York BRADLEY SCOTT SCHNEIDER, Illinois DANIEL M. DONOVAN, JR., New York THOMAS R. SUOZZI, New York ANN WAGNER, Missouri TED LIEU, California BRIAN J. MAST, Florida BRIAN K. FITZPATRICK, Pennsylvania SUBCOMMITTEE ON AFRICA, GLOBAL HEALTH, GLOBAL HUMAN RIGHTS, AND INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey, Chairman MARK MEADOWS, North Carolina KAREN BASS, California DANIEL M. DONOVAN, JR., New York AMI BERA, California F. JAMES SENSENBRENNER, JR., JOAQUIN CASTRO, Texas Wisconsin THOMAS R. SUOZZI, New York THOMAS A. GARRETT, JR., Virginia (III) VerDate 0ct 09 2002 09:47 May 23, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 Z:\WORK\_MENA\020217\23886 SHIRL VerDate 0ct 09 2002 09:47 May 23, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 Z:\WORK\_MENA\020217\23886 SHIRL C O N T E N T S Page WITNESSES Mr. Hillel Neuer, executive director, UN Watch ................................................... 12 The Honorable Brian Hook, founder, Latitude, LLC ............................................ 29 Jonathan Schanzer, Ph.D., vice president for research, Foundation for De- fense of Democracies ............................................................................................ 34 The Honorable Robert Wexler, president, S. Daniel Abraham Center for Mid- dle East Peace ...................................................................................................... 47 LETTERS, STATEMENTS, ETC., SUBMITTED FOR THE HEARING Mr. Hillel Neuer: Prepared statement ................................................................... 14 The Honorable Brian Hook: Prepared statement ................................................. 31 Jonathan Schanzer, Ph.D.: Prepared statement ................................................... 36 The Honorable Robert Wexler: Prepared statement ............................................. 49 APPENDIX Hearing notice .......................................................................................................... 84 Hearing minutes ...................................................................................................... 85 The Honorable Gerald E. Connolly, a Representative in Congress from the Commonwealth of Virginia: Prepared statement .............................................. 86 The Honorable Christopher H. Smith, a Representative in Congress from the State of New Jersey, and chairman, Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, Global Human Rights, and International Organizations: Statement by Mr. Hugh Dugan .......................................................................... 88 Statement by Deborah Singer Soffen, MD FAAP .............................................. 96 Helsinki Commission hearing statement by His Excellency Natan Sharansky ......................................................................................................... 100 Mr. Hillel Neuer: UN Watch report ....................................................................... 105 Questions for the record submitted to witnesses by the Honorable Tulsi Gabbard, a Representative in Congress from the State of Hawaii .................. 113 (V) VerDate 0ct 09 2002 09:47 May 23, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 Z:\WORK\_MENA\020217\23886 SHIRL VerDate 0ct 09 2002 09:47 May 23, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 Z:\WORK\_MENA\020217\23886 SHIRL ISRAEL, THE PALESTINIANS, AND THE UNITED NATIONS: CHALLENGES FOR THE NEW ADMINISTRATION THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 2, 2017 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SUBCOMMITTEE ON THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA AND SUBCOMMITTEE ON AFRICA, GLOBAL HEALTH, GLOBAL HUMAN RIGHTS, AND INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS, COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS, Washington, DC. The subcommittees met, pursuant to notice, at 10:00 a.m., in room 2172 Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Ileana Ros- Lehtinen (chairman of the Subcommittee on the Middle East and North Africa) presiding. Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. This joint subcommittee will come to order. Members may be coming in and out due to a Judiciary Com- mittee markup. I would like to begin by welcoming our subcommittee members to this first session of the 115th Congress. Welcome to each and every one of you. I know that Ranking Member Deutch and I are looking forward to continuing the bipartisan work of the last Con- gress to further advance our foreign policy objectives in the Middle East and North Africa and to carry out our important oversight rule. We are eager to get back to work and pleased to welcome back our returning members and we are excited to work closely with our new members. After recognizing myself, Chairman Smith, Ranking Member Deutch, and Ranking Member Bass for 5 minutes each for our opening statements, I will then recognize other members seeking recognition for 1 minute. We will then hear from our witnesses. Thank you for being here. Without objection, the witnesses’ prepared statements will be made a part of the record and members may have 5 days to insert state- ments and questions for the record, subject to the length limitation in the rules. The Chair now recognizes herself for 5 minutes. Two months ago, the U.N. Security Council passed Resolution 2334 by a vote of 14 to zero with the United States abstaining. It was a departure in policy by the Obama administration and it was a move that was opposed by many of us in Congress. Some argue incorrectly that Resolution 2334 has no real practical impact; but (1) VerDate 0ct 09 2002 09:47 May 23, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 6633 Sfmt 6633 Z:\WORK\_MENA\020217\23886 SHIRL 2 those who make this argument fail to see 2334 as part of a larger agenda—one piece of a larger plan by the Palestinians to under- mine, isolate, and delegitimize Israel. The real practical impact of 2334 is that it leaves the possibility of peace even more remote. But that is by design: Abu Mazen and the current Palestinian Au- thority leadership have abandoned any pretense that they are in- terested in making peace with Israel. Instead, for years, they have been orchestrating a push at the United Nations to achieve unilateral statehood outside of direct ne- gotiations with the Jewish state. And last year, this push reached new heights. UNESCO’s Executive Board and the World Heritage Committee both passed similar resolutions rewriting history and distancing Jewish and Christian ties to Jerusalem. The Human Rights Coun- cil (UNHRC) approved a blacklist that can be used by those who support the Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions (BDS) movement to further undermine Israel and these efforts culminated with the passage of Resolution 2334. After years of failed attempts at peace and years of false moral equivalence between