DOCSLIB.ORG

Intentional Genetic Modifications of Antelopes & Other Large Mammals

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Intentional Genetic Modifications of Antelopes & Other Large Mammals Conference Antelope Giraffe,Hippo 2017 February 19-25, 2017, Prague, Czech Republic Intentional genetic modifications of antelopes & other large mammals Philippe Chardonnet & David Mallon IGF Foundation Antelope Specialist Group SSC/IUCN Historical perspective of Intentional Genetic Modifications (IGM) IGM of wildlife: born with the anthropocene© François Diaz First domestications >10,000 years ago Domestic animal Wild animal production production * about 20 sp. mammals * +4,500 sp. mammals * about 15 sp. birds * +10,000 sp. birds Ancient domestication >2,000 years ago China: pionner country in deer farming FAO/Czech Government Workshop - Prague, Czech Republic, 11-15 September 2006 Modern domestication: last century FAO/Czech Government Workshop - Prague, Czech Republic, 11-15 September 2006 hunting Nowadays: Surface Wildlife production required herding systems ranching farming feedlot Stocking rate © Philippe Chardonnet Today (2016): …toward the legal gazetting/listing of IGM: Animal Improvement Act No. 62 of 1998 National Gazette No. 40075, 17 June 2016, Vol 612, Pg. 3 A major step forward for the South African Wildlife Industry has come to light as the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF) recently added twelve wildlife species to the list of tame and domesticated animals, currently regulated under its Animal Improvement Act (No. 62 of 1998). This alteration will allow game ranchers to breed and manage their wildlife similar to livestock farmers, which obtain animals with specific characteristics for agricultural purposes. The description in the Animal Improvement Act states that listed animals may be used “for the breeding, identification and utilisation of genetically superior animals in order to improve the production and performance of animals in the interest of the Republic; and to provide for matters connected therewith”. The listing of these species together with domestic stock comes as a leap forward for the game industry, as numerous game ranchers today comes from a background of cattle farming and breeding with domestic animals, and has in recent years applied several management methods to the breeding and enhancing the number and quality of their wildlife animals. The species added to the list are Black Wildebeest, Blue Wildebeest, Blue Duiker, Bontebok, Gemsbok, Impala, Oribi, Red Hartebeest, Roan, Sable, Springbok, and Tsessebe whereas the only wild animal that was previously listed under the Animal Improvement Act, was the Ostrich. Adriaan Snyman, 22 July 2016 Now: …toward the legal gazetting/listing of IGM: Animal Improvement Act No. 62 of 1998 National Gazette No. 40075, 17 June 2016, Vol 612, Pg. 3 A major step forward for the South African Wildlife Industry has come to light as the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF) recently added twelve wildlife species to the list of tame and domesticated animals, currently regulated under its Animal Improvement Act (No. 62 of 1998). This alteration will allow game ranchers to breed and manage their wildlife similar to livestock farmers, which obtain animals with specific characteristics for agricultural purposes. The description in the Animal Improvement Act states that listed animals may be used “for the breeding, identification and utilisation of genetically superior animals in order to improve the production and performance of animals in the interest of the Republic; and to provide for matters connected therewith”. The listing of these species together with domestic stock comes as a leap forward for the game industry, as numerous game ranchers today comes from a background of cattle farming and breeding with domestic animals, and has in recent years applied several management methods to the breeding and enhancing the number and quality of their wildlife animals. The species added to the list are Black Wildebeest, Blue Wildebeest, Blue Duiker, Bontebok, Gemsbok, Impala, Oribi, Red Hartebeest, Roan, Sable, Springbok, and Tsessebe whereas the only wild animal that was previously listed under the Animal Improvement Act, was the Ostrich. Adriaan Snyman, 22 July 2016 Now: …toward the legal gazetting/listing of IGM: Animal Improvement Act No. 62 of 1998 National Gazette No. 40075, 17 June 2016, Vol 612, Pg. 3 A major step forward for the South African Wildlife Industry has come to light as the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF) recently added twelve wildlife species to the list of tame and domesticated animals, currently regulated under its Animal Improvement Act (No. 62 of 1998). This alteration will allow game ranchers to breed and manage their wildlife similar to livestock farmers, which obtain animals with specific characteristics for agricultural purposes. The description in the Animal Improvement Act states that listed animals may be used “for the breeding, identification and utilisation of genetically superior animals in order to improve the production and performance of animals in the interest of the Republic; and to provide for matters connected therewith”. The listing of these species together with domestic stock comes as a leap forward for the game industry, as numerous game ranchers today comes from a background of cattle farming and breeding with domestic animals, and has in recent years applied several management methods to the breeding and enhancing the number and quality of their wildlife animals. The species added to the list are Black Wildebeest, Blue Wildebeest, Blue Duiker, Bontebok, Gemsbok, Impala, Oribi, Red Hartebeest, Roan, Sable, Springbok, and Tsessebe whereas the only wild animal that was previously listed under the Animal Improvement Act, was the Ostrich. Adriaan Snyman, 22 July 2016 Laws & regulations preserving… … the integrity of © Didier Roques Rogery wildlife species Geographical perspective of Intentional Genetic Modifications (IGM) IGM of wildlife: all over the world © François Diaz Asia Long standing & intensive selection of several species of Cervids for velvet production (here: a « champion » Formosan sambar deer in Taiwan) © P. Chardonnet America BY LISA DENSMORE BALLARD How genetically manipulated animals and canned hunts threaten North American hunting THE IZAAK WALTON LEAGUE OF AMERICA | OUTDOOR AMERICA | 2015 ISSUE 1 | 33–FRANKEN-DEER 34 | 2015 ISSUE 1 | OUTDOOR AMERICA | THE IZAAK WALTON LEAGUE OF AMERICA http://mrconservative. Pacifique Taxonomic perspective of Intentional Genetic Modifications (IGM) IGM of wildlife: many aquatic & terrestrial wildlife sp. © François Diaz Nairobi Declaration CONSERVATION OF AQUATIC BIODIVERSITY AND USE OF GENETICALLY IMPROVED AND ALIEN SPECIES FOR AQUACULTURE IN AFRICA NAIROBI, KENYA 20 -23 FEBRUARY 2002 Strawberry Leopard www.io9.com Photo by Deon de Villiers via National Geographic White lion The Golden Times issue 1 2015 Golden Breeders - « Hunting for colours » Many IGM candidates in antelopes… Bongo in Central African Republic: Leucistic Regular Leucistic reedbuck Leucistic Uganda kob Leucistic impala, Kruger NP Leucistic impala, South Africa © H. Planton © M. Fischer Cameroon Ethiopia Albino red duiker, Isimangaliso Wetland Park … and candidates in African buffalo White buffalo, South Africa IGM methods & impacts IGM of wildlife: • Natural breeding: - Outbreeding = crossing distinct taxa - Inbreeding = selection within taxa • Artificial breeding: - AI, embryo transfer etc. - Cloning, Crispr-Cas9 etc. IGM methods & impacts IGM of wildlife: • Natural breeding: - Outbreeding = crossing distinct taxa - Inbreeding = selection within taxa • Artificial breeding: - AI, embryo transfer etc. - Cloning, Crispr-Cas9 etc. Tentative typology Examples "Influencing" Introgression of giant sable by roan antelope (maybe human-induced) Hybridization natural Scimitar-horned oryx x addax hybridization Eland x greater kudu = mixing Blue wildebeest x black wildebeest Intentional species Blesbok x bontebok hybridization Lion x tiger Crossing Between In-country translocations with no consideration for regional specificities indigenous taxa taxa Crossing = Livingstone eland x Cape eland All provenances of roan antelope, of sable antelope mixing East African buffalo x Southern African buffalo Crossing exotic subspecies European fallow deer x Mesopotamian fallow deer taxa or strains Red deer x elk/wapiti Red deer x Père David deer Sika deer x red deer x elk/wapiti xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxCloning Experimentation Several experiences, e.g. in gaurxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx in USA, in various species in RSA xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxBody size: red deer, sika deer,xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx fallow deer, elk, lion Morphology Trophy size and shape: African buffalo, red deer, elk, white-tailed deer xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Extreme Coat colour: antelopes, red deer, lion Genetic manipulationsxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxWithin of wildlife xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Behaviour Tameness: red deer, African buffalo, cane rat, ostrich xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxinbreeding xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx taxa Reproduction Breeding performances: red deer, sika deer, sambar deer, cane rat, ostrich xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Feeding Daily growth rate, nutritional efficiency: cervids, cane rat, ostrich, crocodile xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Selective xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxTrophy
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pending World Record Waterbuck Wins Top Honor SC Life Member Susan Stout Has in THIS ISSUE Dbeen Awarded the President’S Cup Letter from the President
    DSC NEWSLETTER VOLUME 32,Camp ISSUE 5 TalkJUNE 2019 Pending World Record Waterbuck Wins Top Honor SC Life Member Susan Stout has IN THIS ISSUE Dbeen awarded the President’s Cup Letter from the President .....................1 for her pending world record East African DSC Foundation .....................................2 Defassa Waterbuck. Awards Night Results ...........................4 DSC’s April Monthly Meeting brings Industry News ........................................8 members together to celebrate the annual Chapter News .........................................9 Trophy and Photo Award presentation. Capstick Award ....................................10 This year, there were over 150 entries for Dove Hunt ..............................................12 the Trophy Awards, spanning 22 countries Obituary ..................................................14 and almost 100 different species. Membership Drive ...............................14 As photos of all the entries played Kid Fish ....................................................16 during cocktail hour, the room was Wine Pairing Dinner ............................16 abuzz with stories of all the incredible Traveler’s Advisory ..............................17 adventures experienced – ibex in Spain, Hotel Block for Heritage ....................19 scenic helicopter rides over the Northwest Big Bore Shoot .....................................20 Territories, puku in Zambia. CIC International Conference ..........22 In determining the winners, the judges DSC Publications Update
    [Show full text]
  • Boselaphus Tragocamelus</I>
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln USGS Staff -- Published Research US Geological Survey 2008 Boselaphus tragocamelus (Artiodactyla: Bovidae) David M. Leslie Jr. U.S. Geological Survey, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usgsstaffpub Leslie, David M. Jr., "Boselaphus tragocamelus (Artiodactyla: Bovidae)" (2008). USGS Staff -- Published Research. 723. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usgsstaffpub/723 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the US Geological Survey at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in USGS Staff -- Published Research by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. MAMMALIAN SPECIES 813:1–16 Boselaphus tragocamelus (Artiodactyla: Bovidae) DAVID M. LESLIE,JR. United States Geological Survey, Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078-3051, USA; [email protected] Abstract: Boselaphus tragocamelus (Pallas, 1766) is a bovid commonly called the nilgai or blue bull and is Asia’s largest antelope. A sexually dimorphic ungulate of large stature and unique coloration, it is the only species in the genus Boselaphus. It is endemic to peninsular India and small parts of Pakistan and Nepal, has been extirpated from Bangladesh, and has been introduced in the United States (Texas), Mexico, South Africa, and Italy. It prefers open grassland and savannas and locally is a significant agricultural pest in India. It is not of special conservation concern and is well represented in zoos and private collections throughout the world. DOI: 10.1644/813.1.
    [Show full text]
  • Population, Distribution and Conservation Status of Sitatunga (Tragelaphus Spekei) (Sclater) in Selected Wetlands in Uganda
    POPULATION, DISTRIBUTION AND CONSERVATION STATUS OF SITATUNGA (TRAGELAPHUS SPEKEI) (SCLATER) IN SELECTED WETLANDS IN UGANDA Biological -Life history Biological -Ecologicl… Protection -Regulation of… 5 Biological -Dispersal Protection -Effectiveness… 4 Biological -Human tolerance Protection -proportion… 3 Status -National Distribtuion Incentive - habitat… 2 Status -National Abundance Incentive - species… 1 Status -National… Incentive - Effect of harvest 0 Status -National… Monitoring - confidence in… Status -National Major… Monitoring - methods used… Harvest Management -… Control -Confidence in… Harvest Management -… Control - Open access… Harvest Management -… Control of Harvest-in… Harvest Management -Aim… Control of Harvest-in… Harvest Management -… Control of Harvest-in… Tragelaphus spekii (sitatunga) NonSubmitted Detrimental to Findings (NDF) Research and Monitoring Unit Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA) Plot 7 Kira Road Kamwokya, P.O. Box 3530 Kampala Uganda Email/Web - [email protected]/ www.ugandawildlife.org Prepared By Dr. Edward Andama (PhD) Lead consultant Busitema University, P. O. Box 236, Tororo Uganda Telephone: 0772464279 or 0704281806 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected], [email protected] Final Report i January 2019 Contents ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND GLOSSARY .......................................................... vii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................... viii 1.1Background ...........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Fitzhenry Yields 2016.Pdf
    Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za ii DECLARATION By submitting this dissertation electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the sole author thereof (save to the extent explicitly otherwise stated), that reproduction and publication thereof by Stellenbosch University will not infringe any third party rights and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification. Date: March 2016 Copyright © 2016 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za iii GENERAL ABSTRACT Fallow deer (Dama dama), although not native to South Africa, are abundant in the country and could contribute to domestic food security and economic stability. Nonetheless, this wild ungulate remains overlooked as a protein source and no information exists on their production potential and meat quality in South Africa. The aim of this study was thus to determine the carcass characteristics, meat- and offal-yields, and the physical- and chemical-meat quality attributes of wild fallow deer harvested in South Africa. Gender was considered as a main effect when determining carcass characteristics and yields, while both gender and muscle were considered as main effects in the determination of physical and chemical meat quality attributes. Live weights, warm carcass weights and cold carcass weights were higher (p < 0.05) in male fallow deer (47.4 kg, 29.6 kg, 29.2 kg, respectively) compared with females (41.9 kg, 25.2 kg, 24.7 kg, respectively), as well as in pregnant females (47.5 kg, 28.7 kg, 28.2 kg, respectively) compared with non- pregnant females (32.5 kg, 19.7 kg, 19.3 kg, respectively).
    [Show full text]
  • Oribi Conservation
    www.forestryexplained.co.za SAVING SPECIES: ORIBI CONSERVATION Forestry Explained: Our Conservation Legacy Introducing the Oribi: South Africa’s most endangered antelope All photos courtesy of the Endangered Wildlife Trust (EWT) Slender, graceful and timid, the Oribi fact file: Oribi (Ourebia ourebi) is one of - Height: 50 – 67 cm South Africa’s most captivating antelope. Sadly, the Oribi’s - Weight: 12 – 22 kg future in South Africa is - Length: 92 -110 cm uncertain. Already recognised - Colour: Yellowish to orange-brown back as endangered in South Africa, its numbers are still declining. and upper chest, white rump, belly, chin and throat. Males have slender Oribi are designed to blend upright horns. into their surroundings and are - Habitat: Grassland region of South Africa, able to put on a turn of speed when required, making them KwaZulu-Natal, Eastern Cape, Free State perfectly adapted for life on and Mpumalanga. open grassland plains. - Diet: Selective grazers. GRASSLANDS: LINKING FORESTRY TO WETLANDS r ecosystems rive are Why is wetland conservation so ’s fo ica un r d important to the forestry industry? Af in h g t r u a o s of S s % Sou l 8 th f a 6 A o n is fr d o ic s .s a . 28% ' . s 2 . 497,100 ha t i 4 SAVANNAH m b e r p l Why they are South Africa’s most endangereda n t a 4% t i 65,000 ha o n FYNBOS s The once expansive Grassland Biome has halved in. size over the last few decades, with around 50% being irreversibly transformed as a result of 68% habitat destruction.
    [Show full text]
  • Cephalophus Natalensis – Natal Red Duiker
    Cephalophus natalensis – Natal Red Duiker listed two subspecies, including C. n. natalensis from KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), eastern Mpumalanga and southern Mozambique, and C. n. robertsi Rothschild 1906 from Mozambique and the regions north of the Limpopo River (Skinner & Chimimba 2005). Assessment Rationale This species is restricted to forest patches within northeastern South Africa and Swaziland. They can occur at densities as high as 1 individual / ha. In KZN, there are an estimated 3,046–4,210 individuals in protected areas alone, with the largest subpopulation of 1,666–2,150 Sam Williams individuals occurring in iSimangaliso Wetland Park (2012– 2014 counts; Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife unpubl. data). This Regional Red List status (2016) Near Threatened subpopulation is inferred to have remained stable or B2ab(ii,v)* increased over three generations (2000–2015), as the previous assessment (2004, using count data from 2002) National Red List status (2004) Least Concern estimated subpopulation size as 1,000 animals. While no Reasons for change Non-genuine change: other provincial subpopulation estimates are available, New information they are regularly recorded on camera traps in the Soutpansberg Mountains of Limpopo and the Mariepskop Global Red List status (2016) Least Concern forests of Mpumalanga, including on private lands outside protected areas (S. Williams unpubl. data). TOPS listing (NEMBA) None Reintroductions are probably a successful conservation CITES listing None intervention for this species. For example, reintroduced individuals from the 1980/90s are still present in areas of Endemic No southern KZN and are slowly moving into adjacent *Watch-list Data farmlands (Y. Ehlers-Smith unpubl. data). The estimated area of occupancy, using remaining (2013/14 land cover) Although standing only about 0.45 m high forest patches within the extent of occurrence, is 1,800 (Bowland 1997), the Natal Red Duiker has km2.
    [Show full text]
  • Late Quaternary Extinction of Ungulates in Sub-Saharan Africa: a Reductionist's Approach
    Late Quaternary Extinction of Ungulates in Sub-Saharan Africa: a Reductionist's Approach Joris Peters Ins/itu/ für Palaeoanatomie, Domestikationsforschung und Geschichte der Tiermedizin, Universität München. Feldmochinger Strasse 7, D-80992 München, Germany AchilIes Gautier Laboratorium VDor Pa/eonlo/agie, Seclie Kwartairpaleo1ltologie en Archeozoölogie, Universiteit Gent, Krijgs/aon 2811S8, B-9000 Gent, Belgium James S. Brink National Museum, P. 0. Box 266. Bloemfontein 9300. Republic of South Africa Wim Haenen Instituut voor Gezandheidsecologie, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Capucijnenvoer 35, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium (Received 24 January 1992, revised manuscrip/ accepted 6 November 1992) Comparative osteomorphology and sta ti st ical analysis cf postcranial limb bone measurements cf modern African wildebeest (Collnochaetes), eland (Taura/ragus) and Africa n buffala (Sy" cer"s) have heen applied to reassess the systematic affiliations between these bovids and related extinct Pleistocene forms. The fossil sam pies come from the sites of Elandsfontein (Cape Province) .nd Flarisb.d (Orange Free State) in South Afrie • . On the basis of differenees in skull morphology and size of the appendicular skeleton between fossil and modern blaek wildebeest (ConlJochaeus gnou). the subspecies name anliquus, proposed earlier to designate the Pleistoeene form, ean be retained. The same taxonomie level is accepted for the large Pleistocene e1and, whieh could be named Taurolragus oryx antiquus. The long horned or giant buffa1o, Pelorovis antiquus, can be inc1uded in the polymorphous Syncerus caffer stock and could therefore be called Syncerus caffer antiquus. The ecology of Pleistocene and modern Connochaetes, Taurolragus and Syncerus is discussed. A relationship between herbivore body size and c1imate, as Bergmann's Rule predicts, could not be demonstrated.
    [Show full text]
  • Connochaetes Gnou – Black Wildebeest
    Connochaetes gnou – Black Wildebeest Blue Wildebeest (C. taurinus) (Grobler et al. 2005 and ongoing work at the University of the Free State and the National Zoological Gardens), which is most likely due to the historic bottlenecks experienced by C. gnou in the late 1800s. The evolution of a distinct southern endemic Black Wildebeest in the Pleistocene was associated with, and possibly driven by, a shift towards a more specialised kind of territorial breeding behaviour, which can only function in open habitat. Thus, the evolution of the Black Wildebeest was directly associated with the emergence of Highveld-type open grasslands in the central interior of South Africa (Ackermann et al. 2010). Andre Botha Assessment Rationale Regional Red List status (2016) Least Concern*† This is an endemic species occurring in open grasslands in the central interior of the assessment region. There are National Red List status (2004) Least Concern at least an estimated 16,260 individuals (counts Reasons for change No change conducted between 2012 and 2015) on protected areas across the Free State, Gauteng, North West, Northern Global Red List status (2008) Least Concern Cape, Eastern Cape, Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal TOPS listing (NEMBA) (2007) Protected (KZN) provinces (mostly within the natural distribution range). This yields a total mature population size of 9,765– CITES listing None 11,382 (using a 60–70% mature population structure). This Endemic Yes is an underestimate as there are many more subpopulations on wildlife ranches for which comprehensive data are *Watch-list Threat †Conservation Dependent unavailable. Most subpopulations in protected areas are stable or increasing.
    [Show full text]
  • MAMMALIAN SPECIES NO. 225, Pp. 1-7,4 Ñgs
    MAMMALIAN SPECIES NO. 225, pp. 1-7,4 ñgs. CephalophuS SylviCultOr. By Susan Lumpkin and Karl R. Kranz Published 14 November 1984 by The American Society of Mammalogists Cephalophus sylvicultor (Afzelius, 1815) mesopterygoid fossae in C. spadix are narrow and parallel-sided, Yellow-backed Duiker but in C. sylvicultor they are wedge-shaped (Ansell, 1971). In addition, C. jentinki has straight horn cores, swollen maxillary re- Antilope silvicultrix Afzelius, 1815:265. Type locality "in monti- gions, rounded edges on the infraorbital foramina, posterior notches bus Sierrae Leone & regionibus Sufuenfium fluvios Pongas & of the palate of unequal width, secondary inflation of the buUae, Quia [Guinea] adjacentibus frequens" (implicitly restricted to and inguinal glands, whereas C. sylvicultor has curved horn cores, Sierra Leone by Lydekker and Blaine, 1914:64). unswoUen maxillary regions, sharp edges on the infraorbital foram- Cephalophus punctulatus Gray, 1850:11. Type locality Sierra ina, posterior notches of the palate of equal width, no secondary Leone. inflation of the buUae, and no inguinal glands (Ansell, 1971 ; Thom- Cephalophus longiceps Gray, 1865:204. Type locality "Gaboon" as, 1892). It is not known whether inguinal glands are present in (Gabon). C. spadix (Ansell, in litt.). In a recent systematic revision of the Cephalophus ruficrista Bocage, 1869:221. Type locality "l'intéri- genus. Groves and Grubb (1981) concluded that C. spadix and C. eur d'Angola" (interior of Angola). sylvicultor constituted a superspecies. Cephalophus melanoprymnus Gray, 1871:594. Type locality "Ga- boon" (Gabon). GENERAL CHARACTERS. The largest of the Cephalo- Cephalophus sclateri Jentink, 1901:187. Type locality Grand Cape phinae, the yellow-backed duiker has a convex back, higher at the Mount, Liberia.
    [Show full text]
  • Animals of Africa
    Silver 49 Bronze 26 Gold 59 Copper 17 Animals of Africa _______________________________________________Diamond 80 PYGMY ANTELOPES Klipspringer Common oribi Haggard oribi Gold 59 Bronze 26 Silver 49 Copper 17 Bronze 26 Silver 49 Gold 61 Copper 17 Diamond 80 Diamond 80 Steenbok 1 234 5 _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ Cape grysbok BIG CATS LECHWE, KOB, PUKU Sharpe grysbok African lion 1 2 2 2 Common lechwe Livingstone suni African leopard***** Kafue Flats lechwe East African suni African cheetah***** _______________________________________________ Red lechwe Royal antelope SMALL CATS & AFRICAN CIVET Black lechwe Bates pygmy antelope Serval Nile lechwe 1 1 2 2 4 _______________________________________________ Caracal 2 White-eared kob DIK-DIKS African wild cat Uganda kob Salt dik-dik African golden cat CentralAfrican kob Harar dik-dik 1 2 2 African civet _______________________________________________ Western kob (Buffon) Guenther dik-dik HYENAS Puku Kirk dik-dik Spotted hyena 1 1 1 _______________________________________________ Damara dik-dik REEDBUCKS & RHEBOK Brown hyena Phillips dik-dik Common reedbuck _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________African striped hyena Eastern bohor reedbuck BUSH DUIKERS THICK-SKINNED GAME Abyssinian bohor reedbuck Southern bush duiker _______________________________________________African elephant 1 1 1 Sudan bohor reedbuck Angolan bush duiker (closed) 1 122 2 Black rhinoceros** *** Nigerian
    [Show full text]
  • Some Uses of the African Buffalo Syncerus Caffer (Sparrman, 1779) by the Populations Living Around the Comoé National Park (North-East Ivory Coast)
    Atta et al., 2021 Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences (J.Anim.Plant Sci. ISSN 2071-7024) Vol.47 (2): 8484-8496 https://doi.org/10.35759/JAnmPlSci.v47-2.6 Some uses of the African buffalo Syncerus caffer (sparrman, 1779) by the populations living around the Comoé National Park (North-East Ivory Coast) ATTA Assemien Cyrille-Joseph 1, SOULEMANE Ouattara 1, KADJO Blaise 1, KOUADIO Yao Roger 2 1 Laboratory of Natural Environment and Biodiversity Conservation, UFR Biosciences, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire 2 Ivorian Office of Parks and Reserves, Côte d’Ivoire, 06 BP 426 Abidjan 06 Correspondance : [email protected] / [email protected] ; Tel : +225 0757311360 Key words: Ethnozoology, Use form, Buffalo, Comoé National Park, Ivory Coast Publication date 28/02/2021, http://m.elewa.org/Journals/about-japs/ 1 ABSTRACT The Comoé National Park (CNP) in Ivory Coast is home to significant biological diversity and is one of the priority areas of the West African protected areas network. It is subject to many anthropic pressures, the most intense in its history have been those of the periods of socio-political crisis that Ivory Coast has experienced. The anthropic pressures which weigh on this park are most often practiced by the riparian populations for their survival. The objective of this study is to list the buffalo's organs and their usual mode of use in order to identify the types of pressure that weigh on the species. It is mainly carried out in twelve villages on the periphery of the Comoé National Park: Bania, Kokpingé, Sanguinari, Mango, Lambira, Kalabo, Banvayo, Kakpin, Amaradougou, Gorowi, Tehini and Saye.
    [Show full text]
  • The European Fallow Deer (Dama Dama Dama)
    Heredity (2017) 119, 16–26 OPEN Official journal of the Genetics Society www.nature.com/hdy ORIGINAL ARTICLE Strong population structure in a species manipulated by humans since the Neolithic: the European fallow deer (Dama dama dama) KH Baker1, HWI Gray1, V Ramovs1, D Mertzanidou2,ÇAkın Pekşen3,4, CC Bilgin3, N Sykes5 and AR Hoelzel1 Species that have been translocated and otherwise manipulated by humans may show patterns of population structure that reflect those interactions. At the same time, natural processes shape populations, including behavioural characteristics like dispersal potential and breeding system. In Europe, a key factor is the geography and history of climate change through the Pleistocene. During glacial maxima throughout that period, species in Europe with temperate distributions were forced south, becoming distributed among the isolated peninsulas represented by Anatolia, Italy and Iberia. Understanding modern patterns of diversity depends on understanding these historical population dynamics. Traditionally, European fallow deer (Dama dama dama) are thought to have been restricted to refugia in Anatolia and possibly Sicily and the Balkans. However, the distribution of this species was also greatly influenced by human-mediated translocations. We focus on fallow deer to better understand the relative influence of these natural and anthropogenic processes. We compared modern fallow deer putative populations across a broad geographic range using microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA loci. The results revealed highly insular populations, depauperate of genetic variation and significantly differentiated from each other. This is consistent with the expectations of drift acting on populations founded by small numbers of individuals, and reflects known founder populations in the north.
    [Show full text]