1 1 ETHEKWINI MUNICIPALITY 2 DROUGHT & INTERVENTIONS 3 DROUGHT MITIGATION PROJECTS 4 INDIRECT REUSE – NORTH & SOUTH 5 DIRECT REUSE - NORTH 6 DESALINATION 7 REMIX 8 INDUSTRIAL REUSE 9 IRRIGATION REUSE 10 REGULATORY REQUIREMENT

11 CONCLUSION 2 . Supply 909 Ml/day of water from 9 Treatment Works . 12 000km of water mains . 263 Water Reservoirs . 500 000 water connections . Treat 500 Ml/d of Waste Water . 27 Waste Water Treatment Works . 7 000 km of sewer mains

3 (Reuse 2019, uMWP1 2029)

800

750 Reduced support to South Coast due to augmentation (Ngwadini Dam or Desalination) 700

650 uMWP1 Water requirement projection (Smithfield Dam) 600 scenario - July 2014

550

500 Actual historic water use 450 Re-use of Treated Effluent 400 Spring Grove Dam 350

Volume (million m³/a) (million Volume 300

250 Existing total integrated 200 Mgeni WSS (including Growth in Darvill 150 Return Flows) 100

50

0 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 2028 2030 2032 2034 2036 2038 2040

TONGAAT LOWER FURROW THUKELA

RAISING OF DAM WALL

LINK P2 TO GRANGE

NORTHERN AQUEDUCT 30%

84% 45%

34%

85% 80%

512 Ml

7 . Installation of flow restricting disks to domestic meters. . Pressure reduction to minimum 150kpa at the critical point. . Interdepartmental JOC and coordination meeting taking place to integrate internal processes around the drought. . Engagement with the Chamber of Commerce. . Water conservation notices placed on all utility bills. Non Compliance will be addressed individually. . Extensive community awareness campaigns is being done to reduce consumption. Regular meetings with Ward Councillors, street pole adverts & radio communications. . Consumers with above average consumption is being identified and addressed individually. . Industries with high usage will be personally advised to reduce consumption and alternate supply method are being formulated. Some have volunteered to haul in water from other supply areas via tankers. . Short term solution, to provide water through tanker service & Jojo tanks. Integrated Infrastructure to meet the new demand. . The EWS sachet plant is being replaced with 2 new units.to service affected areas. . Reuse of grey water for the Waste Water Treatment Plants is being investigated for industrial and commercial use and processes. . Penalties and fines have been approved by Exco. R500 fine for domestic consumers and R10 000 for commercial and industrial consumers.

SMITHSFIELD DAM DESALINATION HeadingText

REMIX WATER DESALINATION RESOURCE PROJECTS

ILLOVU LOWER DESALINATION MKHOMAZI . Water Treatment package plant utilising nanofiltration technology to treat borehole water exhibiting high fluoride, iron & manganese levels in the Ekhukanyeni Area or any other suitable site . Indirect Re-Use at EWS Tongaat WWTWs (and in the future Umhloti WWTWs), by pumping back to Hazelmere Dam (10Ml/Day with increase to 140Ml/Day) . Indirect Reuse at EWS Kingsburgh & WWTWs (30Ml/Day) . Direct Reuse at EWS Kwamashu & Northern WWTWs (Total 100Ml/Day) . 3Ml/Day Seawater Desalination Package Treatment Plant on the Ethekwini North Coast (Tongaat) (Possible upgrade to 12Ml/Day)- Feasibility . 6.25Ml/Day Remix Plant at EWS Central WWTWs (Upgrade to 100Ml/Day) . Groundwater mapping for entire Ethekwini Municipal area to assist in identifying streams and pockets of water that exist underground Design Capacity = 10m³/hr Operating for 10hrs/day Potable water to supply local community

Pumping to Hazelmere dam part of the flow from Tongaat and Mdloti WWTW is limited  Soluble reactive phosphorous  Total dissolved solids

Option 1: Combine flows & indirect reuse to Hazelmere 13 Option 2: Combine flows & build sea outfall 14 Tongaat WTW Design = 23 Ml/day Current = 14 Ml/day River Blend in furrow and abstracted at WTW

Feasibility study approved < R200 000 Tongaat WWTW Design – 12,5 Ml/day

Current – 7,8 Ml/day

Option 3: Indirect reuse at Tongaat WTW 15 Nungwane Dam Amanzimtoti WWTW Design = 30Ml/day Current = 22Ml/day

Kingsburgh WWTW Design = 7.8Ml/day Current = 4Ml/day

Option 1: Amanzimtoti WWTW to Kingsburgh WWTW to Nungwane Dam 16 Amanzimtoti WWTW

Toti WTW Design = 25 Ml/day Current = 7 Ml/day

Kingsburgh WWTW

Option 2: Toti WWTW to Kingsburgh WWTW to Toti WTW 17 Option A: Pump from 2 WWTW to Nungwane

Option B: Pump from 2 WWTW to Toti WTW

Volume = 9 Ml/day (1 in 100yr yield) Blend ratio 50: 50

Cost Reduced 18 Potable water reclamation KwaMashu WWTW from KwaMashu is Design = 65 Ml/day Current = 52 Ml/day discharged into the existing trunk main of the NA in the vicinity of Duffs Road.

Potable water reclamation from Northern WWTW Northern is discharged Design = 70 Ml/day to the NA at Newlands Current = 59 Ml/day east.

KwaMashu WWTW & Northern WWTW to existing Northern Aqueduct (NA)19 Water re-use projects are complex and sophisticated, require high level of competence and skill. Capable implementation agency will require: . Technical expertise . Planning ability . Project management capability . Financial strength . Trusted water services delivery . Accepted by community and customers . Compliance of existing WWTWs to achieve strict discharge standards is critical to the future success of water re-use. . Strict enforcement of discharge standards; . Addressing the management and performance failures of wastewater treatment plans.

. Water re-use has good potential to solve local water shortage problems . Water re-use gives best quantitative benefit in coastal applications (uses water that would have discharged into the sea) 20

POSSIBLE LOCATIONS

Possible Location/s of Tongaat/ Desal Plant 21 Existing Genazzano WWTW site with proposed 3 to 12 Ml/day plant22 PROPOSED 3 TO 12ML/DAY PLANT PROPOSED RISING MAIN & P/STATION

PROPOSED EXTRACTION/ P/STATION & RISING MAIN

Existing Genazzano WWTW site with proposed 3 to 12 Ml/day plant23 CURRENT DEMAND FUTURE DEMANDS TOTAL DEMAND RESERVOIR (ML/DAY) (ML/DAY) (ML/DAY) LA MERCY AIRPORT (LMA) 2.900 13.200 16.100 WESTBROOK 0.600 0.000 0.600 DESAINAGAR 0.128 0.000 0.128 LA MERCY 2.172 0.000 2.172

. Gennazano WWTW site land needs to be secured. This WWTW is planned to be decommissioned but there are some studies underway by Iliso Consulting on behalf of THD to utilise/expand the works/site for future La Mercy Development. . Detailed feasibility still to be commissioned for proposed containerised desalination plant and associated extraction wells & pumps at this location. . Supply to LMA reservoir to be initiated – potential delay of rising main stream crossing. . Funding availability for desalination system and supply to LMA reservoir to be confirmed . Supply to LMA reservoir dependent on transfer of LMA reservoir to EWS. UW currently obtaining board approval for this.

Desalination 24

25 . In response to the demand EWS believes that a remix water system could support the deficit in supply, by installing a Demonstration Plant providing approximately 6.25 Ml/day with a possible ultimate scenario of 50 Ml/day for the Inner City and a further 50 Ml/day for the South of . This in alignment to the growth expected and thus water demand increase.

. Joint team effort between eThekwini and Japanese government . Proposed full scale100 ML/day plant . 50% seawater + 50% sewage . Electricity consumption down by 40 – 50%

26

DESIGN = 130 Ml/day INFLOW = 70 Ml/day COD AVE = 495 PH = 7.2 OUTFALL LENGTH = 3160m 27

28 Aim is to treat 47.5 Ml/d of municipal wastewater to a near potable standard for direct reuse in industrial processes.

29 . Alternative to augmentation of the city’s Southern Wastewater Treatment Works marine outfall.

. Mondi Paper expressed the desire to increase it’s off take of reclaimed water

30 Sustainable Development of Water Resources

. At capacity the plant reduces the city’s water consumption by 5% . Extends the life of the city’s water catchment resources. . Unused water can be directed to unserviced communities.

Pollution Load Reduction and Waste Minimisation

. Reduction in the sea outfall pollution load by 24% . The process operates at 97.9% water utilisation efficiency

31

SAPPI . Water reuse for industrial purposes . Discharged to the estuarine . Open up economic and residential development . Regionalization of treatment works

UMKOMAAS WWTW

32 . wwtw consists of a bar screen at the head of works and 5 oxidation ponds for treatment

. Treats ± 300kl/day of domestic wastewater

. Treated effluent is pumped to neighboring golf course, were it will be used to water the golf course

. Excess effluent is discharged into nearby watercourse

33 . DWS study – Mvoti to . Durban Bay ( harbour) : uMngeni are both excluded from this study Umzimkulu . Estuaries Included are : . Consortium of consultants . North : Ohlanga ; and (R4A, CSIR, Golder Assts) uThongati . South : Mbokodweni ; Little . Outcome – water resource aManzimtoti ; uMkomazi plus class lagoon

. Class – define required level of ecological protection . Regulate the quality and quantity of treated effluent that can be disposed to estuary . 16 estuaries in eThekwini Multi-criteria Analysis 34

PES D REC C TEC D

Tongati uThongati Mdloti  Max discharge to estuary = 20 Ml/day Umhlanga  REC can only be achieved if no wastewater uMngeni is discharged into the estuary Durban Bay  Some sensitivity to level of treatment Sipingo  Ultimate capacity required = 140 Ml/day Mbokodweni

Little Amanz Mdloti  Do NOT improve if wastewater removed as catchment quality is very poor. More closed = poor O2. Relative insensitive to level of treatment. uMkhomazi  Max discharge to estuary = 50 ML/day  Ultimate capacity = 125 Ml/day F E D C B A 35 Tongati Mdloti uMngeni Umhlanga  EWR must be implemented as well as other uMngeni recommended interventions Durban Bay Sipingo Mbokodweni & Little Amanzimtoti Mbokodweni  Cost significant to improve and low importance. Little Amanz  Further wastewater can be accommodated  Estuaries must not become health hazard

uMkhomazi uMkhomazi  No further wastewater into estuary. The proposed Smithfield dam with appropriate F E D C B A operating rule will comply to the TEC 36 . CURRENT DROUGHT . INCREASING DEMAND . NEED TO MITIGATE & STABILISE THE SYSTEM . REUSE IS IMPORTANT TO IMPROVE WATER RESOURCES . SUBSURFACE WATER IS BEING INVESTIGATED FOR POTABLE CONSUMPTION

37 Planning Engineer: Hope Joseph Contact: 031 311 8577 or 0833269580 Email: [email protected]

38