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April 03, 2014

Canadian Association of Police Governance 157 Gilmour Street, Suite 302 Ottawa, Ontario K2P 0N8 Tel: 613|235|2272 Fax: 613|235|2275 www.capg.ca

BRITISH COLUMBIA ...... 4 Nelson Police Department Rolls Out Innovative Restorative Justice Program ...... 4 Police launch campaign to protect Metro Vancouver bus drivers ...... 6 Former Terrace RCMP Boss Promoted to National RCMP Position ...... 7 ALBERTA ...... 8 SASKATCHEWAN ...... 8 Population growth not affecting policing, says RCMP ...... 8 MANITOBA ...... 9 Councillors fear audit on police HQ won't be done on time...... 9 ONTARIO ...... 10 Police board open to Taser expansion ...... 10 Member says Police Services Board is ‘an old boys’ club’ that needs to change ...... 11 New chief for Durham police named ...... 14 Ottawa's cops tops on Sunshine List ...... 15 Hawkes takes over as OPP commissioner ...... 16 Windsor police to be equipped with armoured vehicle ...... 18 Will Hamilton’s next police chief come from inside the ranks? ...... 19 Stats show use of force by Halton police down last year ...... 21 New police chief named ...... 23 Dan McWilliams replacing Mayor Bennett on police board ...... 25 Police Services Board leery of rural grow-ops ...... 26 Politicians landed $200,000 serving on hydro, GRCA, police boards in 2013 ...... 27 Mayor irate over police board's request to make up for budget shortfall ...... 28 NRP vs. OPP — Region to compare cost of policing 25 ...... 29 Police Chief De Caire wants to end suspension with pay ...... 31 Police Board Looking at Safeguard Ontario Program ...... 32 Police cited sealed files, says privacy watchdog ...... 33 Why isn't new chief a local person? ...... 35 QUEBEC ...... 36 NEW BRUNSWICK ...... 36 NOVA SCOTIA ...... 36 PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND ...... 36 NEWFOUNDLAND ...... 36 NATIONAL ...... 36 Canadian police officers upset over not being recognized for role in Afghanistan ...... 36 Police forces begin first national dialogue on dealing with the mentally ill ...... 37 Rising number of PTSD cases among RCMP officers costing taxpayers millions ...... 38 Turn over some police jobs to civilians, cost-cutting report urges ...... 40 Victim Services conference to focus on ‘Taking Action’ ...... 42 Conservatives to roll out Victims Bill of Rights within “next few days,” MacKay ...... 43 Feds appeal ruling that gives medical marijuana growers a temporary reprieve ...... 45 The CPC Discussion Paper Series: Vol. 1 - Série de documents de réflexion du CCP : Vol. 1 .. 46 Prostitution law consultations find little consensus among police ...... 48 Today on the Hill: Conservatives put victims of crime in Commons spotlight ...... 50 INTERNATIONAL NEWS ...... 51 New watchdog named to oversee NYPD ...... 51 Police deployment of Tasers reaches record levels as use climbs for fifth year ...... 52 Police use of Tasers up by a third ...... 53

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TEDx Birmingham: Call the police on cybercrime ...... 54 NOPD body cam training begins ...... 56 To Prevent Crime, Walk the Dog on At-Risk Blocks ...... 57 Police Shootings of Mentally Ill Suspects Are on the Upswing ...... 58 St. Louis program helps police and public smooth over minor conflicts ...... 62 What I Learned About Stop-and-Frisk From Watching My Black Son...... 64

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BRITISH COLUMBIA

Nelson Police Department Rolls Out Innovative Restorative Justice Program

Nelson Daily April 01, 2014

The Nelson Police Department is advocating for the introduction of a Restorative Justice program as an option to laying criminal charges when a crime has been committed.

The program, spearheaded by NPD Sergeant Dino Falcone and coordinated by Restorative Justice Program Coordinator Gerry Sobie, is looking for volunteers.

Sobie helped establish and run the Cranbrook RCMP Restorative Justice Program, from 2005 to 2009.

“As the Department’s Community Policing Officer, I support any initiative that allows a victim and an offender, by means of a trained community facilitator, to resolve their differences and restore peaceful relations, without the necessity to rely on a costly and time consuming criminal justice and/or court system,” Sergeant Dino Falcone said.

Sgt. Falcone said Restorative Justice Programs have been implemented in many BC communities, in Canada and throughout the world.

Some elements of Restorative Justice originated with circle meetings Aboriginals used and developed over time.

BC enjoys a reputation for having many different Restorative Justice Programs.

“Restorative Justice is a compassionate, cost-effective and time-tested method of recognizing the harm done to a victim,” said Chief Constable Wayne Holland of Nelson Police Department adding Mr. Sobie has the full support of the men and women of the Nelson Police Department.

“It also encourages a first-time offender to return to a life-style that respects the rights of others and provides them with the opportunity to be law-abiding and productive members of the community.”

The RJ program would receive a file from an arresting officer of an individual charged with a criminal offense.

In this case, the individual accepts responsibility for his/her actions and is prepared to meet with the victim to begin to repair the damage resulting from the offense.

The victim, as well as supporters who have been affected by the incident, are invited to participate.

The offender and victim agree on ways to begin repairing the harm done.

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Once the offender completes her/his agreement the matter is resolved, hence no need to proceed using the Criminal Justice system as the offender has been given the opportunity to resolve this offense.

Completion of punishment by the offender using the RJ program results in no criminal record.

However, before the Nelson version of the RJ program can get off the ground hearing cases volunteers are required to form the panel.

These members must undertake intensive training to learn how to meet with offenders and victims, prepare them for the process, conducting meetings, and mentor offenders to successfully complete their agreements.

Applications for volunteers available on the NPD website (www.nelsonpolice.ca) or at the front desk of the Station at 606 Stanley Street.

The Restorative Justice program is not the first its kind in the area.

The Kootenay Restorative Justice Society (KRJS) was formed 12 years ago and provides restorative justice and preventative bullying programs to the Slocan Valley, Salmo, Nelson and surrounding areas.

The KRJS receive their referrals from RCMP as well as schools and community members.

Sgt. Falcone said as the Nelson Restorative Justice (NRJ) program grows, there is the potential to collaborate with KRJS by sharing resources and training.

However, the source of Nelson referrals will be our local Police Department.

“The Nelson Police Board is extremely pleased with the implementation of our own Restorative Justice program here in Nelson,” said Mayor John Dooley, Chair of the Nelson Police Board.

“A citizen deserves an opportunity to make amends to society and to their victims.”

“This program, which has my support, has been previously successful in removing any barriers that may exist between a first-time offender, their victims and our law enforcement personnel,” Dooley added. http://castlegarsource.com/news/nelson-police-department-rolls-out-innovative-restorative- justice-program-30747#.UzxNR_ldXQg

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Police launch campaign to protect Metro Vancouver bus drivers

Mike Hager Vancouver Sun March 31, 2014

METRO VANCOUVER - Transit Police have launched a new campaign warning the public “don’t touch the operator” after two Metro Vancouver bus drivers were the target of separate violent and unprovoked assaults over the past month.

The campaign, which officially launches at a news conference Monday morning, is the latest move by authorities intent on better protecting the men and women who move Metro Vancouver’s commuting masses.

Last week, TransLink and other national transit authorities appealed to Canada's justice minister to institute stronger sentences for people who attack bus drivers.

The move, by the Canadian Urban Transit Association, comes as a Surrey bus driver was punched in the face last Wednesday night.

The latest attack brings to 42 the number of reported assaults in the region so far this year. The assaults range from death threats to physical abuse, but the majority involve being spit on and being verbally threatened, according to bus drivers’ union Unifor Local 111.

There were 134 assaults reported in Metro last year - up from 117 assaults a year earlier - contributing to the roughly 2,000 cases reported across Canada. This averages out to about five bus drivers assaulted in Canada per day.

Last December Transit Police Chief Neil Dubord stated that cracking down on these assaults was one of the force’s main priorities in 2014.

That same month, transit union officials increased the reward for helping convict anyone who assaults a bus driver to a maximum of $15,000, up from $2,000.

Timeline of attacks on bus drivers

March 11, 2014 - Three women are charged with a vicious, unprovoked attack on a female Coast Mountain Bus driver.

February 3, 2014 - Brandon John Watterworth, 23, was charged with robbery and breaching bail conditions in connection with the assault of a bus driver at the Surrey City Central bus loop. Watterworth has more than 100 recorded interactions with police. He was on bail in connection with 2012 charges of assaulting a police officer, carrying a concealed weapon and carrying a prohibited weapon without a licence.

August 2013 - A middle-aged man pointed a handgun at a Kelowna bus driver and threatened to kill him. He approached the driver's window after getting offthe bus and pulled the trigger three times, police said. The pistol made a clicking sound each time, terrifying the driver.

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June 29, 2013 - Amanda Chrystal Best, 31 at the time, stabbed a Kelowna bus driver with a syringe. Best pleaded guilty to aggravated assault and possession of the prohibited weapon (brass knuckles), and was sentenced to two years in jail to be followed by three years of probation.

June 2013 - A Vancouver passenger sucker punched a driver and shattered his orbital bone because the driver asked him to pay his fare. He was sentenced to 60 days in jail after breaking probation.

September 23, 2012 - Carlos Monge assaulted a bus driver for refusing him a free ride and also assaulted a female passenger. He was charged with two counts of assault stemming from the incident. He was also charged with assault, robbery and theft under $5,000 related to another incident. Monge was sentenced to nine months in jail, and was given 18 months of probation to be served on his release from prison.

October 2012 - TransLink issued a news release highlighting a case in Burnaby, in which a man threatened to slash the throat of a bus driver, and another case in the Downtown Eastside, where a woman spat at a bus driver. The suspect in the Burnaby incident was sentenced to 15 days in jail, while the woman was sentenced to 17 days for the incident in the Downtown Eastside.

February 2012 - Steven Fayant assaulted a bus driver after the driver allowed him to ride without paying the fare. Fayant lunged at Punni and grabbed his throat, pinning him to his seat. Fayant, 20, pleaded guilty in to assault and aggravated assault. He was sentenced to 22 months in jail.

February 2011 - Del Louie pleaded guilty to assault causing bodily harm and assault with a weapon after attacking bus driver Charles Dixon and shattering his right orbital bone with a sucker punch and then attacking Dixon's son Aaron with a broom handle. Louie was given an 18- month conditional sentence that included house arrest. http://www.vancouversun.com/news/Police+launch+campaign+protect+Metro+Vancouver+driv ers/9681510/story.html#ixzz2xkdOND5K

Former Terrace RCMP Boss Promoted to National RCMP Position

John Crawford CFTK TV March 27, 2014

Former Terrace R-C-M-P Inspector Eric Stubbs is heading to Ottawa.

Stubbs, who is now Superintendent of the Prince George detachment, has been named Director General of National Criminal Operations, at R-C-M-P National Headquarters.

Stubbs has overseen three straight years of declining criminal activity in Prince George, and Mayor Shari Green praised him for his dedication to the reduction of domestic violence, as well as creating a downtown enforcement unit for that city.

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A recruitment process is already underway to select a new Officer in Charge for the Prince George Detachment. http://www.cftktv.com/News/Story.aspx?ID=2145472

ALBERTA

SASKATCHEWAN

Population growth not affecting policing, says RCMP

The Leader-Post March 28, 2014

Although the number of police officers in the Regina and Saskatoon regions is not keeping up with population increases, that doesn't appear to be having a negative effect on policing.

According to a Statistics Canada report released on Thursday - Police Resources in Canada (2013) - Regina's metropolitan area, comprising 17 communities including those such as White City and Pilot Butte, had 422 Regina Police Service and RCMP police officers as of May 15.

This ranks the Regina CMA with the fourth-highest rate of police officers with 185 per 100,000 residents - a 2.8-per-cent decline compared to 2012.

By comparison, Saskatoon's metropolitan area had 506 police officers and the eighth-highest rate with 175 officers per 100,000 residents. This amounts to a 1.9-percent decline compared to 2012. Bob Mills, superintendent for the Saskatchewan RCMP, said the numbers in the Regina area are not a case of RCMP policing resources as much as it is about the increasing population. Mills was asked about the challenges of policing an increased population with a steady number of officers.

"Regina-area, although it is busy, it's probably not, in fact it isn't, our highest priority. Our heaviest workloads per officer still are in the north."

With crime severity, Mills notes that the challenges are within major cities.

The most recent census data in 2011 indicates that Regina's metropolitan area had a population of 210,556 and Saskatoon had 260,600. Within each city, Regina's population has grown from 189,419 in 2009 to 206,868 in 2013 and in Saskatoon from 216,532 to 243,767.

As well, the number of officers in Regina has remained steady since 2009 with an average of 384 whereas in Saskatoon the number of officers has increased from 408 to 438 - a rate of 191.5 and 185.5 officers per 100,000, respectively.

Crime severity has declined in both cities since 2009; although Regina ranked first in Canada and Saskatoon ranked second in 2012.

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MANITOBA

Councillors fear audit on police HQ won't be done on time

CBC News April 02, 2014

A contract to audit cost overruns on the construction of Winnipeg's new police headquarters has not been awarded yet, despite a looming deadline.

The costs to renovate the former Canada Post building on Graham Avenue into the police HQ have ballooned to more than $75 million over original estimates.

City councillors voted for an external audit at the end of January and set a deadline of 150 days for completion.

The goal was to have the audit done before the last council meeting of the summer on July 16 and ahead of serious campaigning for the municipal election Oct. 22.

City auditor Brian Whiteside said a company has been chosen to do the work but a contract won't be awarded until Winnipeg's police service completes security checks.

The name of the company selected has not been released.

That leaves less than 90 days to review a project that is millions of dollars over budget, involves thousands of documents and dozens of contractors, trades and project managers.

St. James-Brooklands Coun. Scott Fielding said he doubts the audit will be done by the deadline, which falls in the later half of June.

"It's really hard to believe that the report's going to be done," he said Wednesday. "I've got some grave concern whether it can be done in 90 days. Obviously we were hoping it would get done before the term of council is up and the elections are obviously in October."

Fielding said the report could be a political football at election time, depending on its contents.

North Kildonan Coun. Jeff Browaty said in an email he, too, is concerned the deadline will be missed.

"Obviously I'm disappointed it's taken this long to award and I hope and expect it will be awarded without haste at this point," he said. "I'm concerned [about] the timing, but I expect that the original terms made it clear results would be needed quickly. But I am concerned the deadlines will be missed."

St. Vital Coun. Brian Mayes said he's not sure whether the deadline will be missed.

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"I think everyone on council thought we could get it done in 150 days," he said. "And maybe we still can. But if not, let’s certainly get it done before the election."

Mayor Sam Katz's spokesperson, Brad Salyn, said however, the work should be done on time.

"Until we have been notified otherwise by the auditor, it is our expectation he will follow council’s direction and have this work completed on time and on budget as voted on in January," Salyn said in an email.

Salyn said council voted to support the audit with funding of up to $500,000 to help the city auditor meet the deadline.

In a separate review, city council also voted back in January to have a company evaluate whether the city got value for the money spent on the police headquarters, and awarded a $165,000 contract for a "quantity surveyor."

Salyn said that work is expected to be completed earlier than the audit. http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/councillors-fear-audit-on-police-hq-won-t-be-done- on-time-1.2595879

ONTARIO

Police board open to Taser expansion

Heather Ibbotson Brantford Expositor March 27, 2014

The Brantford Police Services Board will consider a police service recommendation that deployment of Tasers be expanded to include all qualified frontline response police officers.

The board decided Wednesday to further consider the proposal after a process of community education and consultation to include public forums and focus groups with professionals.

Deputy Chief Geoff Nelson will return to the board by September with a community engagement plan.

The police service has authorized frontline supervisors and members of the Emergency Response Team to carry Tasers since 2006. Currently, the service has 20 Tasers which are designated for pooled use by those officers.

It is not being suggested that every officer eventually will carry a Taser, but that 40 additional Tasers would be available for pooled use by frontline officers, Nelson said.

Should the expansion of Taser availability to frontline officers be approved by the board down the road, the police service would then have to come back to the board with an officer training plan and a financial plan.

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At that point, the proposed goal of expanding Taser deployment could take two years to reach, Nelson said.

“It would be an incremental expansion,” he said.

The financial implications of the proposal, including more than $89,000 in capital costs and $23,000 in annual operating costs, would have to be budgeted, possibly over two budget periods, Nelson said.

In 2013 in Brantford, there were two incidents in which Taser probes were deployed and two incidents in which direct application of a Taser was used. There were a further 18 incidents in which an officer displayed a Taser. http://www.brantfordexpositor.ca/2014/03/27/police-board-open-to-taser-expansion

Member says Police Services Board is ‘an old boys’ club’ that needs to change

Mary Riley Kawartha Lakes This Week March 18, 2014

(LINDSAY) Ward 14 Coun. Ron Ashmore says he has read the Police Services Act and understands how the system works.

But, several of his colleagues on the Kawartha Lakes Police Services Board disagree, saying he does not understand the system.

On Tuesday (March 18), following Monday’s board meeting, Coun. Ashmore told This Week he “knows they don’t want me there” and accused the board of being “an old boys club” that doesn’t want to change.

“But, I have a right to ask questions, and this police chief is a [business] graduate and he doesn’t want to find efficiencies. We can’t afford the costs of policing as they are now.”

The standoff began on Monday when some board members and Chief John Hagarty appeared frustrated when Coun. Ashmore questioned police salaries as the board discussed a report about special constables, auxiliary officers and their function.

Member Max Radiff said the community consultations he’s attended show the public wants a “higher profile” from its officers; to have them more visible and “there’s not a hew and cry about what they’re paying...people are willing to pay for it.”

Mr. Radiff told the board he would like to see an auxiliary component added to the police service.

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Special constables and auxiliary officers are both governed by the Police Services Act, but their ‘powers’ are limited. They are not permitted to perform the same duties as police officers, something Mr. Radiff says the Province needs to review.

The force currently has eight full-time and two part-time special constables, seven of which are used for court security and one in identification/property management. Under the Act, a special constable may not be employed to perform the usual duties of a police officer on a permanent basis.

Auxiliary officers do not perform the duties performed by a police officer. They are support; to deliver the police service’s community-based crime prevention under officer supervision.

Chief Hagarty said he did look into having them in 2007; at the time a draft policy and startup cost estimate was developed (about $20,000), but after it was continually cut from the budget, “I had it removed.”

Chief Hagarty said he supports the advantages of auxiliaries and his report lists their possible duties, such as patrols with regular officers, community safety events such as seat belt clinics, assisting at RIDE initiatives, canvassing neighbourhoods for witnesses/victims, etc.

But, the Act clearly states they cannot function as police officers, and the report notes the costs, training, supervision and management are drawbacks.

Coun. Ashmore questioned the difference in salary between a first class constable ($86,663.83) and a special constable ($56,922.36).

He conveyed the impression the police chief determines salaries and asked if comparisons have been made with other municipalities in the U.S. and Canada.

The chief appeared to be surprised, saying it is the board that determines how much the officers are paid.

“Let’s start with who determines what a constable makes,” Chief Hagarty said, explaining the board meets with the association and usually has comparisons with salaries in other police services that are geographically closer and similar in size.

“They don’t go to New Zealand (for a comparison),” he said.

The chief noted that, for example, the OPP could compare their force with the Quebec provincial police or the RCMP during negotiations. “The challenge of it is, the validity of those arguments (brought forward during negotiations) has to be sound.”

The chief looked directly at Coun. Ashmore, saying “But, it’s not the chief’s function; it’s your function.”

Coun. Ashmore said his questions stem from taxpayers’ concerns with escalating policing costs and their ability to afford them. But, the chief, “respectfully” told Coun. Ashmore it was not a question that should be directed at him.

Mr. Radiff interjected, telling Coun. Ashmore, “You don’t understand the system.”

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Sal Polito, who has just accepted another three-year term on the board, explained that he and board chair Gord James are the negotiating team that meets with the Kawartha Lakes Police Association at contract time, and that all of those negotiations are approved by the board. He added the municipality’s ability to pay is one of the discussions that always surfaces.

The chief said he fully supports the idea of using auxiliary officers, but wanted to make it “crystal clear to the board” that it would cost more money. Auxiliary officers would be an “enhancement”; but, he warned there would be no reduction in the number of officers or overtime costs and the discussion should take place with the association, he added.

Coun. Ashmore consistently referred to the City’s Lean Six Sigma (LSS) performance management initiative, in which the City is training staff to find efficiencies and financial savings within the corporation.

He asked if Chief Hagarty was using a performance management system like LSS. “Aren’t you trying to find efficiencies?”

But, the chief pointed out LSS is a City initiative underway at City Hall. He said Inspector Mark Mitchell is taking part in learning about LSS, but the police service “did not spend $20,000” to take him from his current job and train him to be a Black Belt. (The City is currently training several staff as Black Belts; they take on projects designed to save significant money and resources.)

“You have to realize this board and the chief are always looking to save money,” Mr. Radiff told Coun. Ashmore.

But, he and the chief agreed with Coun. Ashmore’s suggestion that LSS could potentially find money that council could allot to the police service; money that could, for example, fund auxiliaries.

“It’s going to cost us, but it’s what people want to see,” said Mr. Radiff.

The board voted to implement an auxiliary component and the chief will begin the process and update the board as the process moves forward.

Mr. Radiff later told This Week there are many duties currently done by police officers that could easily be done by a special constable, and the Province needs to change the legislation.

“We should be using them more for routine stuff,” he said, freeing officers for police work. He said if special constables can be given the responsibility for prisoners coming and going to court, they are certainly capable of more.

Coun. Ashmore later told This Week he has read and understands the Act. When advised he conveyed the impression he thought the chief sets salary levels, he said he realized that is not how it works, saying the chief “was just putting his spin on it.”

He contends when first class constables are making more than $80,000 per year with benefits, and salaries/benefits are the lion’s share of the police budget, it is simply not sustainable.

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“I know the chief doesn’t [determine] the salaries. But, why do we have 39 officers now when 10 years ago and we had 29, and, we haven’t really grown since then? This police service has too many administrators; it’s too top heavy.”

Coun. Ashmore added, “Why is the chief making $160,000 a year when he started at $90,000? We can’t afford this in a small municipality. But, he’s not interested in finding efficiencies like the City is doing. There’s all kinds of places where they could find savings.”

Asked what those areas could be, he named three, saying there are too many officers, too many administrators, including two inspectors, and salaries are too high.

“We should never have built this little empire...it needs to change.” http://www.mykawartha.com/news-story/4417983-member-says-police-services-board-is-an- old-boys-club-that-needs-to-change/

New chief for Durham police named

Jeff Mitchell DurhamRegion.com March 28, 2014

DURHAM -- After serving more than 20 years as a cop in Durham, Paul Martin has been named chief of the region’s police service.

“I’m still in a bit of shock,” the chief designate said Tuesday, after the appointment was announced by the Police Services Board. “It’s humbling.”

Currently serving as deputy chief, he assumes the role of Durham’s top cop when current Chief Mike Ewles retires at the end of May.

Deputy Chief Martin -- he turns 50 next week -- moves into the chief’s office as the service is challenged with fighting crime during a time of fiscal restraint. The service’s $177.6-million budget for 2014 represented a 3.2-per cent increase over the past year’s budget, the lowest in 18 years.

Factor in a growing population and ever-evolving crime trends, such as e-crimes and human trafficking, and the challenge becomes even more profound, Deputy Chief Martin said.

“But this is the way it is; it isn’t going to change,” he said. “We have to evolve and adapt. It’s about being as effective as we can with the resources we have.”

Deputy Chief Martin joined the Durham police in 1990 and has served in a number of capacities, including two stints totalling almost 10 years with the Tactical Support Unit. He is married to Darby with whom he has two children, Maci and Miller.

The appointment was lauded by Police Services Board chairman Roger Anderson.

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“Chief Designate Martin has consistently demonstrated that he has the experience, the skills and the commitment to lead the Durham Regional Police to new levels of innovation and excellence in policing,” he said. “We embarked on this process looking far and wide for exceptional candidates right across the country. We are very pleased that we found the best right here at home in Durham Region.”

A date for a formal change of command ceremony has yet to be set. http://www.durhamregion.com/news-story/4435601-new-chief-for-durham-police-named/

Ottawa's cops tops on Sunshine List

Jon Willing Ottawa Sun March 28, 2014

More than 1,000 employees of the Ottawa Police Service made at least $100,000 in 2013, giving the chairman of the police board more ammo in his fight to reform the province’s arbitration system.

“No matter how you slice it, it’s a high number and people have the right to question us about it,” West Carleton-March Coun. Eli El-Chantiry said Friday after the 2013 Sunshine List was released.

Context is important when it comes to analyzing the police salaries.

An arbitrator last year awarded rank-and-file members increases of 2.99% for 2011 and 2.95 for 2012.

That meant the police force had to pay those retroactive salaries in 2013.

The 2013 contract is still outstanding and it’s likely police will receive another salary increase.

In total, 1,038 employees of the police service brought home over $100,000 in 2013. A police services board employee also made the list.

The highest police salary went to Chief Charles Bordeleau who made $253,474 in and received $791.34 in taxable benefits. One constable cracked the top 20 in the force.

El-Chantiry has been calling for changes to the arbitration system to better reflect a city’s ability to pay salaries.

He has taken his case to Queen’s Park but the three political parties can’t seem to agree on how to reform the system.

“We cannot wait any longer,” El-Chantiry said. “We haven’t heard a real solution. There’s no way one police board can take on this.”

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In all, there were 2,188 city employees who earned more than the $100,000 in 2013. That’s an increase of 999 from 2012.

The police arbitration is a big reason why there are so many more on the city’s Sunshine List, but there were also 329 non-police employees who were added in 2013.

First responders make up 74% of the list, including 426 employees of the fire department and 155 employees of the paramedic service.

Firefighters also received a salary hike last year to reflect the 2011 pay year. It was tied to the police increase, in accordance with an arbitrator’s ruling.

Employees who have a base salary below $100,000 made up 41% of the list, but their pay pushed them above the threshold because of retroactive payments, overtime, on-call pay and vacation payouts, the city says.

City manager Kent Kirkpatrick’s salary remained the highest at City Hall. He made $328,284.20 in salary and received $1,691 in taxable benefits last year.

Second on the salary list was Dr. Isra Levy, the medical officer of health, who earned $324,213 and received $9,638 in taxable benefits.

Top 10 salaries for city employees, 2013 (taxable benefits in brackets)

1. Kent Kirkpatrick, city manager: $328,284 ($1,691.85) 2. Isra Levy, medical officer of health: $324,213 ($9,638.23) 3. Steve Kanellakos, deputy city manager (operations): $309,357 ($9,600.37) 4. Carolyn Pim, associate medical officer of health: $308,234 ($789.36) 5. Rosamund Lewis, associate medical officer of health: $306,333.07 ($772.89) 6. Nancy Schepers, deputy city manager (planning/infrastructure): $263,582 ($9,918.40) 7. Charles Bordeleau, Ottawa police chief: $253,474 ($791.34) 8. John Manconi, OC Transpo general manager: $243,206 ($8,963.37) 9. Michael Flanagan, police superintendent: $232,095.39 ($15,652.50) 10. Vera Etches, associate medical officer of health: $228,960 ($955.78) http://www.ottawasun.com/2014/03/28/ottawas-cops-tops-on-sunshine-list

Hawkes takes over as OPP commissioner

Miriam King Qmi Agency March 31, 2014

ORILLIA, Ont. -- Ontario has a new top cop. About 450 OPP officers, family members, invited guests and dignitaries bid adieu Monday to outgoing OPP commissioner Chris Lewis, who handed off command to former deputy commissioner, Vince Hawkes, at the Nottawasaga Inn Resort near Alliston, Ont.

Among the dignitaries on hand for the change-of-command ceremony were former OPP commissioner and Minister of Veterans Affairs Julian Fantino, Minister of Community Safety and

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Correctional Services Yazir Naqvi and Lt.-Gov. David C. Onley, who is also the honorary OPP commissioner. Onley said the OPP has evolved into a modern police service over the past 100 years.

"For all of its size, sophistication and diversity, there is one thing that is unchanged: the men and women who believe in the old-fashioned values of duty and service to the community," Onley said.

Onley noted the OPP, founded in 1909, is the second-largest police service in Canada, policing more than one million square kilometres of land and 130,000 kilometres of provincial highways.

Naqvi thanked Lewis for leaving "a stronger organization, a legacy of transparency and a safer Ontario," after more than three years at the helm of the OPP.

The minister also expressed his conviction that the new commissioner would "keep Ontario a safe place to live, work and play."

There was pomp and ceremony during the change of command. The Commissioner's Own Pipes & Drums welcomed a parade of new recruits. After the speeches, OPP commissioner emeritus Archie Ferguson presented Hawkes with his badge and Lewis presented the Tipstaff, the traditional symbol of the provincial police service.

Hawkes, a 30-year veteran of the OPP, has served as deputy commissioner since 2006, and also has been OPP field operations commander. He brings expertise in forensic investigation, counterterrorism and leadership to his new role.

Hawkes thanked a long list of people for their support and mentorship, over the years, including Lewis for his dedication to duty and years of service, as well as Fantino "who brought outside eyes to our organization at a critical time."

Hawkes identified a number of challenges, which included "fiscal restraint," limited resources and growing concern about rising policing costs.

He said he has concerns about the increasing complexity of criminal investigations, that deaths due to distracted driving have surpassed drunk-driving deaths and an increasing need to focus on response to natural disasters, cyber-crime and fraud.

"We stand together, ready to face the challenges," he said. http://www.sunnewsnetwork.ca/sunnews/canada/archives/2014/03/20140331-215900.html

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Windsor police to be equipped with armoured vehicle

Dalson Chen The Windsor Star April 01, 2014

Watch out, local criminals — city cops will soon be backed up by something close to a tank.

The Windsor Police Service is currently refitting a Cougar variant of the Canadian military’s AVGP (Armoured Vehicle General Purpose) for law enforcement use.

The six-wheeled, 10-ton armoured fighting vehicle was donated to the city by the Department of National Defence last year.

It’s valued at $300,158.

Windsor police wouldn’t comment on the acquisition, except to say that it should be ready for unveiling and operation this spring.

The Canadian Army retired its entire fleet of AVGPs in 2005, replacing them with the bigger, more modern LAV III.

The AVGP dates back to the late 1970s. At one point, Canada had more than 490 in use — including 195 big-gunned Cougar varianta.

Since phasing out the fleet, the military has been donating the surplus vehicles to law enforcement agencies across the country.

The Edmonton Police Service received a Grizzly variant in 2007. RCMP in British Columbia received two Cougar variants in 2010.

Police organizations typically modify AVGPs for emergency response purposes by removing the turret and all armaments — a configuration known as the Tactical Armoured Vehicle (TAV) variant.

The Cougar AVGP was originally equipped with a 76-millimetre main gun, a C6 7.62-millimetre machine gun, and smoke grenade launchers. It was designed for use as fire support and in reconnaissance missions, as well as tank training.

Its armour can withstand shrapnel and rifle fire.

It has a top speed of 100 km/h. The rear four wheels can be engaged for road travel, or all six wheels can be engaged for off-road. http://blogs.windsorstar.com/2014/04/01/windsor-police-to-be-equipped-with-armoured- vehicle/

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Will Hamilton’s next police chief come from inside the ranks?

Susan Clairmont Hamilton Spectator Mar 31, 2014

The retirement of one of Hamilton's deputy police chiefs doesn't leave many viable candidates inside the service to become the city's next top cop.

While remaining deputy Eric Girt is now the most obvious chief-in-waiting, there has been so much white-shirt turnover during Chief Glenn De Caire's tenure that many senior officers are too green to be chief constable material just yet.

Since December 2009 when De Caire came on the job, a number of experienced superintendents and inspectors have retired, some prodded by buyouts offered by their new leader.

Many expected Girt and fellow deputy Ken Leendertse would be the big contenders for De Caire's position when his contract expires at the end of December.

Both applied to take over from Brian Mullan when he retired as chief, but the Police Services Board made the controversial decision to hire De Caire from the Toronto Police Service instead.

It marked only the second time in Hamilton history that the chief of police was hired from outside the service.

Under Mullan, the deputies had high profiles in the community, often speaking to the media. Under De Caire, both have been nearly invisible, rarely speaking on behalf of the service.

The announcement of Leendertse's decision was made Friday at 5:15 p.m. in an email from the police board. His retirement, after 35 years as a police officer, takes effect at the end of April.

"It sort of caught me off guard," says Mike Thomas, president of the Hamilton Police Association. "I thought he would have been an excellent choice to replace Glenn De Caire."

Thomas says Leendertse's many years on the street, 11 years as a deputy and a solid understanding of the operational side of policing, would have given him the experience and credibility to run the organization.

"Now they seriously have to look outside the organization," Thomas says.

The media release included best wishes from De Caire and board chair Lloyd Ferguson (the board has begun the process of searching for a new chief) and listed highlights of Leendertse's career: his peacekeeping efforts during the aboriginal occupation of the Red Hill Valley; his responsibility for a 2006 gun amnesty; his command during the 2003 blackout and his development of the mounted unit.

Just a few weeks ago, elder Walter Cooke recognized Leendertse's work with and respect for the aboriginal community and presented him with the eagle feather, the highest honour.

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In 2009, Leendertse was appointed a member of the Order of Merit for Police Forces and also received the Queen's Diamond Jubilee medal.

There is one conspicuous black mark in Leendertse's career.

He sparked outrage in 2007 after announcing the capture of Hamilton's most wanted man, Corey Rogers, for the stabbing deaths of two young men and the life-threatening injuries of two others outside a Barton Street bar.

Leendertse, by then deputy chief, praised officers for their "good police work" in arresting Rogers so quickly.

What he kept secret — from the public and from the families of the victims — was that a week before the stabbing rampage police had botched Rogers' attempt to surrender. He had twice called 911, identifying himself by name, explaining he was their Most Wanted man, and providing his address. Each time, a police call taker said officers were busy and asked if he could walk over to the station and turn himself in.

Rogers never showed up.

Following the murders, he was arrested at the very address he had provided.

The Hamilton Spectator broke that story. While Mullan made an emotional public apology, Leendertse never did.

At least one police insider doesn't discount the possibility Leendertse could apply for the chief's job while retired. Sudbury's new chief, Paul Pedersen, retired from York Regional Police in January and signed on for his new role on March 19.

And Chief Bob Middaugh -- Hamilton's only other outside chief -- retired in 1999, took a ministry job and then went on to become chief of York Regional Police.

The search for De Caire's successor may also be affected by October's municipal election. http://www.thespec.com/news-story/4439182-clairmont-will-hamilton-s-next-police-chief- come-from-inside-the-ranks-/

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Stats show use of force by Halton police down last year

David Lea Oakville Beaver Mar 31, 2014

Use of force by Halton police was down last year compared to 2012.

The annual Use of Force Statistical Analysis, put before the Halton Regional Police Service Board Thursday, stated officers drew and pointed firearms 83 times last year — fewer than the 103 instances in 2012, but up slightly from the 80 times reported in 2011.

An officer can draw, point or fire their gun if they have reasonable grounds to believe it is necessary to protect against loss of life or serious bodily harm.

They can also fire to call for assistance in a critical situation, if there is no reasonable alternative, and may open fire to destroy a dangerous animal or one that is injured and suffering.

Of the 83 times a gun was drawn last year, the report stated police fired 33 times (up from 21 in 2012).

Seven of the instances involved firing at suspects in two separate cases.

Halton Police Chief Stephen Tanner said he was comfortable with what he categorized as the low level of use of force reported.

“I am amazed with the number of situations that are deescalated where no force is used,” said Tanner.

“Our officers are deescalating, they are saving people in mental health distress. We are taking people to the hospitals daily from each district… The problem is, when an officer is confronted with a firearm or knife situation where there is no time, whether an individual is mentally ill, intoxicated, high on drugs is not the main issue. It’s the threat that is in front of the officer. There are times when the same justification (for force) exists regardless of what is going on behind the scenes.”

Board Vice Chair Randy Hammell asked about how officers apply the use of force model to someone dealing with a mental illness, who is in crisis.

Tanner said a larger presentation could be scheduled to discuss that topic in more detail.

Thursday’s report noted 26 times police fired weapons in 2013 to end the suffering of an injured animal.

Oakville Councillor and Board member Jeff Knoll questioned the safety of this type of animal euthanasia.

“This might be putting our officers at additional risk for a ricochet or for anything else that could occur. Maybe it would be better to engage the humane society to euthanize,” said Knoll.

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Tanner said typically the injured animal has been struck by a car and is suffering and the officer takes things such as firing angle and ground cover into consideration before shooting.

He said the practice of shooting suffering animals is common among Ontario police services.

Halton police relied more on the Taser than any other non-lethal weapon to subdue suspects last year — with 24 reported uses. In 10 of those, simply pointing the Taser at an individual was enough to get them to cooperate.

Officers used the Taser like a stun gun twice while 11 incidents involved the Taser’s probes being fired at a suspect.

Taser use is down considerably from the 49 incidents of reported use in 2012, 35 in 2011 and 40 in 2010.

The use of hand-to-hand techniques by Halton police saw some movement in 2013 with 12 soft empty hand techniques (i.e. joint locks, defensive blocking) reported.

This figure is down significantly from the 25 incidents reported in 2012, the 22 in 2011 and the 44 in 2010.

Hard empty hand techniques (i.e. kicking, punching) also fell in 2013 with 19 incidents reported compared to 28 in 2012, but was higher than in 2011 when only 15 occurred.

Last year saw only two uses of the expandable baton, down from four in 2012, 10 in 2011 and five in 2010.

Police use of pepper spray remained fairly consistent — 11 instances of use reported in 2013 compared to 13 in 2012.

Provincial legislation requires all officers, who use force on someone during the course of their duties, to report the incident.

A police shooting of an Oakville man in 2013 remains under investigation by Ontario’s Special Investigations Unit (SIU). http://www.insidehalton.com/news-story/4439777-stats-show-use-of-force-by-halton-police- down-last-year/

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New police chief named

Lindsey Cole The Oshawa Express

When Durham Deputy Police Chief Paul Martin was young he says he always admired police officers and thought to himself he would like to do that someday.

“To be honest with you it was a childhood dream of mine,” he says. “This is ultimately what I wanted to do.”

Little did he know that he would move up the ranks and eventually lead an entire police force.

Deputy Chief Martin was recently named as the next chief of police by the Durham Regional Police Services Board. He will replace current Chief Mike Ewles, who retires on May 31 after seven years in the top spot.

“It’s very exciting. It was kind of surreal,” Deputy Chief Martin says of getting the job. “You apply for it and obviously you want it. It’s still a bit of a surprise. It’s sinking in now.”

Deputy Chief Martin has lived in Durham since early childhood. He attended Eastdale Collegiate in Oshawa and joined the force in 1990 at the age of 26.

“I wanted to be a SWAT officer,” he says, adding when that came true, he told one of his friends, “How many people get to live the dream?”

Throughout the years he has been in a variety of roles including operational and administrative units, including tactical support, nuclear security and human resources.

“I’ve been at every rank for a period of time. I never expected to ever reach this level. I never thought of this,” he explains, adding he knows this position carries with it a lot of responsibility. “On a cognitive level I fully understand what I am getting into.” And, he says, he has some ideas when he officially becomes chief.

“Top of mind is economics of policing,” Deputy Chief Martin says. “We certainly cannot ignore it (fiscal challenges).”

He says he hopes to attain a “more sustainable policing model,” which means, “working in partnership with our board and community partners.”

Deputy Chief Martin is an active volunteer in the community, a release from the police board states, coaching youth sports and serving on the board of directors of the John Howard Society of Durham Region and as past president of the Durham Children’s Aid Society.

He is married to his wife Darby and they have two children, Maci, 11, and Miller, nine.

He says his family is elated for him and his son happened to express his views during a recent school project. His son was at school and found a picture of his dad on the Internet, which he put a small caption underneath stating how important his dad’s job was.

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“They are very excited and happy for me,” he says.

When it came down to making the choice, Regional and Police Services Board Chair Roger Anderson says Deputy Chief Martin was a natural fit.

“Chief Designate Martin has consistently demonstrated that he has the experience, the skills and the commitment to lead the Durham Regional Police to new levels of innovation and excellence in policing,” he says. “We embarked on this process looking far and wide for exceptional candidates right across the country. We are very pleased that we found the best right here at home in Durham Region.”

Deputy Chief Martin makes no bones about it; he will have big shoes to fill when it comes to replacing Chief Ewles.

“Mike has always done an incredible job. He started a more progressive approach. He was ahead of his time,” he says. “We’ve come a long way under his leadership.”

Chief Ewles has served on the force for 32 years, the last seven as chief. He told The Oshawa Express in a December interview, he is going to make the most out of his retirement.

“After I retire I am going to go for a long motorcycle ride with my wife,” he said. “We have some ideas with getting involved with community service, particularly working with the senior community. I think there’s a real need out there. It’s a growing demographic.”

Chief Ewles says one example he may try and help is by getting seniors to doctors’ appointments.

“I want to do hands on work with people - have a real day-to-day impact with peoples’ lives. I’ve always enjoyed that element of policing, getting out. I want to be very, very hands on,” he adds.

Deputy Chief Martin knows not everyone will agree with his tactics once he takes the helm, much like some didn’t agree with some of Chief Ewles’ decisions, but that comes with the job.

“My style is I am very blunt and I am very transparent. It’s a business and I don’t take it personally. Our customer is our community,” Deputy Chief Martin explains. “I expect people will challenge me. Not everybody will always agree with my approach. I’m not oblivious to that.”

The date of a change of command ceremony will be announced in the near future, the board states. http://www.oshawaexpress.ca/viewposting.php?view=6230

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Dan McWilliams replacing Mayor Bennett on police board

Sarah Frank Peterborough This Week March 31, 2014

PETERBOROUGH -- Peterborough City Councillor Dan McWilliams is stepping in for Mayor Daryl Bennett on the police services board.

The temporary appointment will ensure the City has representation at the board table while an Ontario Civilian Police Commission tribunal determines whether the mayor will keep his seat. Amidst 11 allegations of misconduct, Mayor Bennett has been suspended from the board since the commission announced he was the subject of an investigation in September, 2012. According to the mayor, it was his suggestion to have Coun. McWilliams take his place.

READ MORE: Mayor Bennett vs Police

After a discussion on the issue in a closed session meeting, councillors supported the recommendation during a Committee of the Whole meeting on Monday evening (March 31).

With a number of important negotiations in the works, regarding the possibility of providing contract policing services for Lakefield and Cavan Monaghan Township, Mayor Bennett says it's important for the City to have a voice on the board.

City staff recently discovered councillors have the power to temporarily appoint a municipal representative to public office through the Legislation Act. In order to comply with the Police Services Act, the mayor's replacement has to be a member of council.

Mayor Bennett says Coun. McWilliams was an obvious choice for the role.

"(Coun. McWilliams) will bring himself up to speed in a very short period of time," he says.

Coun. McWilliams was happy to see his colleagues support his appointment. With experience sitting on a number of other boards and committees, including fire services, he says he's familiar with the role.

"It will mean more commitment," he adds. "I just think it's important we, as a council, have representation on the board. That seat -- it's been vacant for so long." http://www.mykawartha.com/news-story/4441216-dan-mcwilliams-replacing-mayor-bennett- on-police-board/

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Police Services Board leery of rural grow-ops

Monte Sonnenberg Simcoe Reformer March 30, 2014

Norfolk’s Police Services Board is uncomfortable with the county’s new policies on legal marijuana grow operations.

The PSB is disturbed that the county decided on the location of legal grow ops before the Norfolk OPP had an opportunity to comment.

Over the course of two meetings in February, Norfolk council decided that legal marijuana operations can be established in areas zoned agricultural and industrial.

March 18, Insp. Zvonko Horvat, chief of the Norfolk OPP, told Norfolk council that the force would prefer if legal grow-operations were confined to industrial zones in urban areas.

Being compact, industrial zones are easier to patrol. As well, the chief said police can respond faster in an emergency than they could to far-flung locations in the countryside. Norfolk council heard the chief out, but the question was already settled.

“For council to make its decision before hearing the chief was premature,” said Dave Douglas of Waterford, a civilian appointee to the PSB. “In effect, they cut the legs out from under him before he reached the podium.”

Windham Coun. Jim Oliver, a council appointee to the PSB, said he respects the chief’s input. However, Oliver sees no reason why farmers should not have a shot at producing marijuana legally. As such, Oliver sees the issue as a question of property rights and not policing.

“I didn’t get from the Inspector’s presentation that it was a bad thing if a farmer applied for one of these licences,” Oliver said. “We’re playing by a new set of rules today. My vote was based on the fact that a farmer should have the right to have this sort of business on his property. My vote was in favour of the farming community.”

Insp. Horvat agreed. Horvat said he is not concerned with the location of legal grow operations so much as the measures taken to ensure they are secure and impervious to the criminal element.

Legal grow operations are an issue now that Health Canada has changed the rules governing the production of marijuana for medicinal purposes. As of April 1, legal marijuana will be produced in industrial-like settings where all aspects of production and packaging are controlled and conducted indoors. Facilities must be fenced and provide on-site security.

Health Canada has instructed more than 40,000 users and producers licensed under the old regime to destroy their plants by next Tuesday. The federal government has changed the rules because the criminal element has infiltrated legal production. Some production facilities have been robbed while legally-produced marijuana is finding its way onto the black market.

At Wednesday’s meeting of the PSB, Horvat said Norfolk has experienced problems under the current system. There have been odor complaints, reports of vicious guard dogs, property line

26 disputes, and health and safety issues related to the creation of greenhouse environments in residential areas. Horvat added there is evidence the criminal element has also got involved.

At the end of the discussion, the PSB voted 3-1 to send a letter to council asking that Norfolk review and reconsider the chief’s input on legal grow operations before giving final approval to its new comprehensive zoning bylaw. http://www.simcoereformer.ca/2014/03/30/police-services-board-leery-of-rural-grow-ops

Politicians landed $200,000 serving on hydro, GRCA, police boards in 2013

Paige Desmond The Record April 4, 2014

WATERLOO REGION — Sixteen local politicians made about $200,000 in 2013 serving on the local hydro, Grand River Conservation Authority and police boards.

Ten council members sit on the boards of Cambridge North Dumfries Hydro, Kitchener-Wilmot Hydro and Waterloo North Hydro.

About $107,000 in hydro stipends were paid to local politicians.

Coun. Karen Scian received about $9,800 from the hydro board. She receives a bit extra because she is the city's finance committee chair.

She said councillors on the board should receive the stipend.

"What it comes down to is the fact that it's an extra layer of responsibility for that position," Scian said. "I work hard on behalf of the citizens of Waterloo, and I take my expertise and I take my political framework with me to that position.

"I'm there to represent the citizens of Waterloo and none of my colleagues are, aside from the mayor."

Waterloo Mayor Brenda Halloran received about $9,100 for serving on Waterloo North Hydro. Township of Wellesley Mayor Ross Kelterborn received about $10,050. He doesn't have income tax deducted.

Woolwich Township Mayor Todd Cowan would have received a similar amount. He could not be reached as of press time.

The City of Waterloo and townships of Wellesley and Woolwich share 100 per cent ownership of Waterloo North Hydro Holding Company. The board of directors of the holding company includes the three mayors, councillors and appointed citizens who oversee policy and other strategic areas.

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The holding company owns 100 per cent of the hydro's local distribution company, which has its own board.

Similar set-ups are in place at other local hydro utilities.

North Dumfries Mayor Rob Deutschmann said he was paid about $14,500 by Cambridge North Dumfries Hydro. The amount is made up of an honorarium and fees paid for each meeting attended. Cambridge Mayor Doug Craig would have received a similar amount.

In Kitchener, councillors Scott Davey and Frank Etherington and Mayor Carl Zehr each received $9,990 from Kitchener-Wilmot Hydro.

Regional Coun. Jane Mitchell took home the largest board stipend — about $46,000 — for chairing the local conservation authority.

That's set to change in 2014, after a board study resulted in her pay being scaled back to about $25,000.

"It was out of whack," Mitchell said.

Township of Wilmot Mayor Les Armstrong, Cowan, Kelterborn and councillors Jean Haalboom and Geoff Lorentz received between $1,927 and $3,030 for conservation authority membership.

Waterloo Regional Police Services Board chair Tom Galloway — who is also a member of regional council — made $13,664 for chairing the board.

He has held that position for 12 years.

Regional Coun. Jane Brewer and regional chair Ken Seiling each received $10,629 for their police board roles. http://www.therecord.com/news-story/4444422-politicians-landed-200-000-serving-on-hydro- grca-police-boards-in-2013/

Mayor irate over police board's request to make up for budget shortfall

CTV London April 2, 2014

Another budget battle is brewing between the Police Services Board and London's city council. This time, London taxpayers are being asked for a financial bailout after police failed to balance their 2013 budget.

"Let them look after their own budget, they sure as heck won't have my support," says Mayor Joe Fontana, ripping up a letter from police board chair Michael Deeb.

It asks city council for an additional $268,795 to balance its budget from last year.

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Chief Brad Duncan says the deficit stems from risky reductions to their budget request made at the urging of city hall.

"We were trying to mitigate $1.2 million through last year's budget. We did a number of things last year to try to offset that deficit," says Duncan.

In the end, the police board's $98.6 million budget fell short of costs by $268,795.

The deficit is blamed on fewer retirements than anticipated, rising costs of workplace health and safety and other unavoidable cost overruns.

It's the first time in history police have come back to council with a deficit.

Normally able to offset it with money from reserve savings, police are already dipping into their reserves to the tune of $1 million to cover this year's budget.

"The reserve is becoming compromised. It is supposed to be used for investigative needs not for covering off these operating shortfalls," says Paul Paolotto, a member of the Police Services Board.

But the mayor wants to draw the line, "Manage your own affairs and don't think you can keep coming back to city hall and we are the only ones who can help you manage your own affairs." As for the mayor ripping up the letter, Duncan says "I can't respond to the actions of the mayor. Obviously he had his reasons. All we can do is provide the best business case as we always have done."

The issue goes to the Corporate Services Committee next Tuesday. http://london.ctvnews.ca/mayor-irate-over-police-board-s-request-to-make-up-for-budget- shortfall-1.1757937#ixzz2xpXCCHsY

NRP vs. OPP — Region to compare cost of policing 25

Allan Benner The Tribune April 2, 2014

Niagara is looking for a better deal when it comes to policing the region.

At a corporate services committee meeting Wednesday, regional councillors directed staff to develop a report comparing the cost of the Niagara Regional Police Service with the cost of instead hiring Ontario Provincial Police.

Referring to recent statements by former OPP commissioner Chris Lewis about the “soaring cost” of policing, St. Catharines regional Coun. Andy Petrowski said “the OPP seems to have a better price than the NRPS.”

He said Lewis proposed a cost of about $360 per household to provide police services.

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“In our case, we’re at about $700 per household,” Petrowski said.

It’s not the first time the region has considered hiring the OPP.

Regional Chair Gary Burroughs said a report was developed eight years ago comparing the costs of the two police services.

That report will be provided to councillors at the April 23 corporate services committee meeting, along with a report about Lewis’s statement regarding policing costs. Regional staff will use that information as a basis to develop a new report, comparing current costs of the NRP and OPP to be presented at an upcoming committee-of-the-whole meeting.

Port Colborne Mayor Vance Badawey, a police services board member, said “the timing couldn’t be better” now that the list of public sector workers making more than $100,000 has been released.

It included more than 500 NRP officers.

“There’s no question that it raises a few eyebrows,” Badawey said.

But police services board chair Henry D’Angela said the OPP’s recent 8.5% wage hike has made its officers the highest-paid police officers in the province. He said he’d like to see police officer salaries included in the report.

Because of the raise, he said, “it’ll be interesting to look at the Sunshine List next year, because you’ll probably see almost every OPP officer on there.”

Badawey said he hopes other ways of potentially reducing costs are examined, such as shared services between other law enforcement agencies and emergency responders.

“I will be challenging staff at both the region and NRP to look at some out-of-the-box ways of doing business post-2014 with respect to policing because it’s just getting too expensive,” he said.

“At the end of the day, there are a lot of efficiencies that can happen here.”

Referring to dispatch units for police, fire departments and Niagara Emergency Medical Services, Badawey said: “We have three dispatchers right now in Niagara. That’s freaking ridiculous.” http://www.wellandtribune.ca/2014/04/02/nrp-vs-opp--region-to-compare-cost-of-policing

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Police Chief De Caire wants to end suspension with pay

Dave Churchill Hamilton Spectator

The chief is calling on the province to make changes to the Police Services Act so that taxpayers will no longer pay the salaries of suspended police officers.

The chief's comments follow the end of the drawn-out disciplinary case of Doel, who collected almost $600,000 over the past five years while suspended with pay.

Ontario is the only province in Canada with legislation that makes it mandatory for police officers to be paid while suspended.

"It's not just the public. Do you not think that I find it frustrating?" De Caire said Wednesday. "The process gets delayed and delayed and delayed. It erodes the public trust."

The frustration lies in part, De Caire said, in the length of time it took to resolve the case. He hadn't yet been hired as chief when Doel was first suspended in 2009.

"I have never personally met this person," De Caire said. "I've been here five years."

A spokesperson for the Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services told The Spectator any departure from the suspension-with-pay process would require legislative changes.

However, there are "ongoing discussions around suspension with pay" between the ministry and "our policing partners," Greg Flood said in an email.

Provincial NDP Leader Andrea Horwath, in an emailed statement, said: "I cannot comment on individual cases. But when tax dollars are at stake, the public needs to have confidence matters were handled properly. There is clearly a need for more transparency and accountability."

Ontario Progressive Conservatives had not responded to a request for comment by deadline Wednesday.

Informed by recommendations from a working group within the Hamilton Police Service, De Caire is proposing that chiefs have the discretion to suspend officers without pay under three circumstances: serious criminal charges; drug or federal offences; and in non-criminal cases under the Police Services Act where the chief is seeking to have the officer fired.

De Caire said similar options have been discussed since the Ontario Association of Chiefs of Police first made a proposal in 2007.

"This isn't just about a Hamilton case," said De Caire, adding "the appetite (for change) is not in the politicians. It's in the community."

North Bay Police Chief Paul Cook, who heads the Ontario Association of Chiefs of Police, said preliminary discussions have been held with the unions representing police officers across the province. He hopes a "middle ground" can be found that would lead to a proposal forwarded to the Ontario government.

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Cook said he also understands that some officers would want to protect a coworker who is facing charges.

"You probably have some mixed feelings there," he said. "Some of the officers would rally around another officer and some won't."

Monday marked Doel's last day as a member of the Hamilton Police Service.

A short conference call Wednesday morning officially confirmed he is retired and the Police Services Act charges against him were stayed. He was accused of having sex on duty, keeping pornography on his police computer and using police surveillance equipment to spy on a female complainant.

Doel has never commented publicly on the case and his Toronto lawyer Harry Black could not be reached for comment Wednesday. http://www.thespec.com/news-story/4444405-police-chief-de-caire-wants-to-end-suspension- with-pay/

Police Board Looking at Safeguard Ontario Program

Ken Hashizume Bayshore Broadcasting March 27, 2014

The Orillia Police Services Board is looking at a program aimed at ensuring victims of property- related crime never have to go through it again.

The Board agreed on Tuesday to request members of the OPP Crime Prevention Bureau to make a presentation on the Safeguard Ontario program at a future police board meeting.

Safeguard Ontario is a post-crime initiative created by the OPP that follows the methods of crime prevention through environmental design.

Board Chair Rick Fraracci says victims of a break and enter or vandalism can contact Orillia OPP and ask for an audit of their home free of charge.

He says members of the auxiliary force are going to be trained to look at areas such as windows, locks, doors, and alarm systems.

Fraracci says the city is currently riding a wave of a 57 percent reduction in crime.

He says there are many reasons this is happening but wants to keep this up.

Fraracci says there will be recommendations made like trimming trees or changing the dead bolt on doors in order to prevent crime from happening.

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But he says there won't be things like monuments or heritage landmarks that have to be removed or re-located in order to accommodate it. http://www.bayshorebroadcasting.ca/news_item.php?NewsID=64993

Police cited sealed files, says privacy watchdog

Diana Mehta The Canadian Press March 27, 2014

An investigation by the office of Ontario's privacy commissioner has found that while issuing a reference check, Guelph police cited sealed files from when a person was a youth, even though there was no conviction.

Some observers say the case highlights a growing concern about police disclosing non-conviction records that can result in an unjust presumption of guilt and create hurdles for those seeking jobs or further education.

The commissioner's report released Wednesday deals with a complaint over a background check that resulted in a "positive" finding for local police files, despite the fact that the records on a youth-related incident had been sealed.

The background check, known as a Police Vulnerable Sector Check, is required by employers when someone wants to work or volunteer in a position that puts them in contact with "vulnerable" people such as children, seniors or those with disabilities. In this case, an individual complained that Guelph police inappropriately used and disclosed the complainant's personal information while conducting the check, wrote investigator Lucy Costa.

"The police's use of the complainant's personal information for the purposes of a PVSC was contrary to the Youth Criminal Justice Act and the (Municipal Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy) Act."

At issue were two incidents that resulted in police files on the person who filed the complaint. As a child under the age of 12, the complainant was involved in an incident in which an alleged victim made a complaint to police, but no charges were ever laid, the report said.

Later, when the complainant was between 12 and 18 years old, they were charged with two related offences dealt with under the Youth Criminal Justice Act, but the charges were withdrawn and the complainant entered a 12 month peace bond.

Before the records check was conducted, the complainant wrote to police asking about the status of their files on the youth-related incident. At that time, police wrote back saying their records on the matter would not be disclosed.

"You were a young person at the time that charges were laid and as such, the file has been dealt with according to non-disclosure requirements contained within the Youth Criminal Justice Act," the letter read.

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"All reference to criminal charges ... have been sealed from the national database maintained by the RCMP. I have sealed your criminal file entry with the Guelph Police Service."

Despite that reassurance, however, the existence of those files was acknowledged in the complainant's background check, which prompted the complaint to the privacy commissioner's office.

The office noted that Guelph police didn't appear to follow their own approach to reference checks.

"The Guelph Police Service's website indicates that a PVSC will not include a consideration of YCJA charges," Costa wrote. "If the police were to follow the approach articulated on its own website, then the complainant would not have had cause to have complained to our offices."

Costa recommended that police issue a revised background check without reference to records on the youth and child matter.

At least one observer said the investigation had highlighted part of a larger problem.

"It's not just an isolated case, it's countless cases like this, where people have their careers derailed or on hold for things they were never found guilty of," said Daniel Brown, a Toronto director with the Criminal Lawyers Association.

"There's no uniform rules governing when these types of records will be disclosed to the public, under what circumstances they'll be disclosed."

The Canadian Civil Liberties Association has also been raising the issue of disclosure of "non- conviction" records, with plans to release a report on the matter later this year.

"There's a stigma associated with having your name in a police database," said executive director Sukanya Pillay.

"Its an increasing problem and triggers a number of civil liberties issues."

Pillay added that the release of non-conviction youth-related records in particular could carry significant impact.

"Generally in law we have special protections for youth and minors, so the premise of those special protections is to protect them and to safeguard their future," she said. http://www.ottawacitizen.com/news/Police+cited+sealed+files+says+privacy+watchdog/96668 18/story.html

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Why isn't new chief a local person?

The Sudbury Star March 27, 2014

Re: Paul Pedersen assumes new position -April 9

I too welcome the new police chief, Paul Pedersen, although I wish I were congratulating one of our own who have worked and lived in our community rather than summered in Killarney.

I like the words of Gerry Lougheed Jr., chair of the Greater Sudbury Police Services Board, about Pedersen: "Enormously impressive person, progressive with vigour and passion. A focused individual and he has stellar references." I just think some members who grew up in Sudbury have the same qualities. And, while being a graduate of the Rotman School of Business, or at least a course from there, doesn't mean good police work.

As for the chief, he is quoted as saying while he worked down south, his heart was always in the North. I wonder why a person whose heart is always in the North never worked north of Newmarket and kept his feet firmly planted in York region?

Do I have concerns about the appointment? Yes, I have concerns. We had Frank Elsner, who I was assured was chosen by a unanimous vote from the board and was selected over local candidates for being progressive with stellar references who would do great things for the force, and then he skipped out in the fall.

My concerns are: what does Paul Pedersen's contract say? What penalties have we put in the contract in case he doesn't work out? Who is paying for his move up here?

Indeed let's see his contract in full and why was he picked over other candidates?

We don't need names, we need his qualifications next to others who applied.

I also wonder why the past chief didn't train someone to replace him? It would seem to me to a good management to do so.

I do indeed wish Paul Pedersen well and I hope he will visit us in Capreol soon. I also hope one of his first priorities is training a local replacement,

FRANK MADIGAN http://www.thesudburystar.com/2014/03/27/why-isnt-new-chief-a-local-person

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QUEBEC NEW BRUNSWICK NOVA SCOTIA PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND NEWFOUNDLAND

NATIONAL

Canadian police officers upset over not being recognized for role in Afghanistan

Sue Montgomery The Gazette March 28, 2014

MONTREAL — Some Canadian police officers who served in Afghanistan feel shunned by Ottawa after they weren’t given the same medal of recognition as their counterparts.

Patricia Bourgeois, a 26-year veteran of the Montreal police force, said she and approximately 40 other officers from forces across Canada didn’t receive the Operational Service Medal, even though others doing the same job did.

“For me, it’s the principle of it,” she said in an interview. “I worked there and should be recognized for what I did.

“But I have nothing, zip, dooda.”

No one at the Department of National Defence was available to explain the discrepancy, but according to the department’s website it would appear Bourgeois and her colleagues should be eligible. It lists “members of recognized Canadian police forces ... who served in a theatre of operations, provided direct support on a full-time basis to operations conducted in such a theatre or served under dangerous circumstances outside Canada” as eligible.

Bourgeois was in Kabul from November 2011 to November 2012 to train Afghani police officers, especially 375 women in Kabul.

It was her fourth mission after having volunteered to work Bosnia, Haiti and Jordan.

“I was blessed to have done four,” she said. “I just feel like no one even knows we were there.

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“We volunteer for this and don’t go for the money, but because we believe in the cause.”

She said once Canadian police officers arrive in the field, they are divied up under other banners, such as NATO or the European Union, according to their experience. She said those who worked under NATO got the OSM, while the six Canadian police officers under the EU banner in her year didn’t. Several stationed there since were also not recognized.

But she said no matter under whose banner one works, all wear the same uniform that bears the Canadian flag.

“The Canadian government, whether they realize it or not, is creating animosity amongst its ‘missionaries’ because they have made us distinguishable by dividing us into two different classes: the haves and the not-even-recognized-have nots,” Bourgeois wrote in an email.

Canada’s dangerous 12-year mission was officially shut down March 12 as the Canadian flag was lowered in a ceremony at NATO headquarters in Kabul.

The list of Canadian lives lost in the war was significant: 158 soldiers, one diplomat, one journalist and two civilian contractors. http://www.montrealgazette.com/news/Canadian+police+officers+upset+over+being+recogniz ed+role+Afghanistan/9674739/story.html

Police forces begin first national dialogue on dealing with the mentally ill

Michel Boyer CJAD News March 27, 2014

The beginnings of a national plan to train police on how to best deal with the mentally ill have emerged from the country's first collaborative dialogue on the issue.

Law enforcement officials, those who live with mental illness and their advocated met in Toronto over the past three days to discuss what could be done to avert tragedies involving those in crisis.

The conversation was hosted by the Mental Health Commission of Canada and the Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police.

It came at a time when statistics suggest one-in-five Canadians experience a mental health illness in any given year.

Vancouver Police Chief Jim Chu, who also heads the chiefs association, says a basic training framework is a good model and he hopes it is adopted by forces across the country.

The lack of national standards has been a key issue for police and mental health advocates.

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There isn't currently a country-wide training curriculum for officers on how to deal with the mentally ill, nor is there comprehensive data collected on the issue.

But there's a consensus that police are increasingly on the front lines of mental health care.

Montreal police get about 140 calls every day for people with mental health issues.

A specific intervention team was created in the city a few months after Alain Magloire, a homeless man, was shot dead by police after he smashed a local business window. http://www.cjad.com/cjad-news/2014/03/27/police-forces-begin-first-national-dialogue-on- dealing-with-the-mentally-ill

Rising number of PTSD cases among RCMP officers costing taxpayers millions

Nick Logan Global News March 27, 2014

The number of current and former RCMP officers dealing with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is rising dramatically, but there are concerns the force is not doing enough to help.

Since 2010, there has been a 64 per cent rise of serving and former Mounties receiving pensions related to PTSD.

And, as awareness about PTSD increases, more RCMP members are coming forward with their mental health issues.

But the human and financial cost of operational stress has also risen sharply to cost taxpayers tens of millions of dollars annually, in pension payouts and lost productivity.

The force loses $70 million each year to officers unable to work due to both physical and mental disabilities, but it won’t say exactly how much is due specifically to PTSD.

As of Sept. 30, 2013, there were 2,938 serving or released members of the RCMP receiving pensions related to mental health, and 80 per cent of those (2,360 people) had a permanent duty-related injury from PTSD.

The RCMP had a pilot peer support program to assist its members who were struggling with PTSD. But that project was cut in 2012, after just two years. Since that time, the RCMP has pointed members towards a helpline and web-based resources on mental health.

Pulling the plug on the project was a move in the wrong direction, according to the RCMP officer who was handpicked to develop the program in 2010.

Staff Sgt. Brent Baulkham dealt with more than 70 deaths over his 26 years on the job – everything from suicides to the murder of four Mounties in Mayerthorpe, Alta. in March 2005.

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He knows firsthand how important it is to have someone to speak to and share what you’re going through.

Baulkham, himself, was diagnosed with PTSD shortly after the project was shut down. He’s now on leave.

“Just before I left the organization I asked to be considered to help in peer-to-peer and I was not taken up on that offer,” he said. “It’s easier to ignore the people and say we’re working on this system. There is a huge disconnect between headquarters, Ottawa and our front-line members.”

Baulkam said despite the number of people coming forward with their battles with PTSD, the RCMP does not take a proactive approach to the issue either.

“The RCMP provides help when you have been injured. The RCMP don’t provide assistance prior to being injured,” he said.

A physical ailment needs to be treated in a much different way than a mental illness, he says.

“I get the financial costs,” he said. “But providing a program that assists members through a personal touch, not a call-in centre, it works.”

Assistant Commissioner Gilles Moreau told Global News the RCMP approved a new mental health strategy just this week. But that strategy does not include any plans for support groups.

Although he was not a part of the 2012 decision to cancel plans for a peer support program, he agrees with the move.

“It was a liability, having people that weren’t trained in the mental health business, perhaps conducting themselves [in] ways we did not support,” said Moreau.

He has coped with his own mental health issues throughout his more than 34 years with the RCMP.

While he sympathizes with those struggling with PTSD, Moreau said he was always able to find help on his own and he believes it’s up to the individual to do that themselves.

“It all starts with the member,” Moreau said. “The organization cannot do it for you. As a member you have to seek the help you need to get better. If you feel the organization won’t do it, you still have an obligation to loved ones to go and seek that help.”

Moreau said “nobody is immune” from mental health issues. But, he said he sought support from colleagues without the help of a peer support program and turned to psychologists in the community.

He explained the recently-approved strategy will focus on mental health education, address stigma about mental health and will make sure members know where they can access help.

Moreau said the strategy will be discussed with RCMP members at the end of April and an action plan will be put together in May or June.

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“[But] at this moment, I can tell you that we’re not looking to create these informal groups… that were present in the pilot project two years ago. We’re not in the treating business,” he said. http://globalnews.ca/news/1235694/rising-number-of-ptsd-cases-among-rcmp-costing- taxpayers-millions/

Turn over some police jobs to civilians, cost-cutting report urges

Douglas Quan Canada.com March 31, 2014

Your home has been burglarized and you call police. But instead of an armed officer, a specially trained civilian investigator shows up at your door.

That’s one of many proposals in a new report by the Macdonald-Laurier Institute aimed at controlling skyrocketing policing costs in Canada.

The report says police need to return to their “core” functions and consider turning over certain duties — such as responding to break-ins, fingerprint and DNA collection, conducting background checks, enforcing parking rules, transporting inmates, transcribing interviews and others — to non-sworn members, special constables, community safety officers or private security companies.

“A great deal of work now done by highly trained, well-paid and experienced uniformed officers is only tangentially related to law enforcement and could be done as well or better and more cheaply by someone else, freeing police to do their core job,” the report says.

It cites Ontario’s annual Sunshine List of public employees who make more than $100,000. Several parking-enforcement officers with the Toronto police are on it.

“Police work is complex, difficult, and demanding and should be well-compensated. The real question is why police who are making upwards of $100,000 a year are performing so many tasks that are not really core policing duties.”

Tom Stamatakis, president of the Canadian Police Association, said Monday that police chiefs across the country are working to find ways to be more efficient, but cautioned against overly “simplistic” solutions. Hiring civilians to perform forensic identification work or to be analysts can still cost an agency more money, he said.

Stamatakis said he suspects most citizens who report a burglary still want a sworn officer to respond. Further, the only way police can gather intelligence and prevent community crimes is by interacting with the public.

The report also doesn’t take into account geographical differences, he said. In some remote Canadian communities, it might not be uncommon for an officer to help a citizen change their light bulb. That’s not a “core” policing function but could go a long way to establishing relationships and maintaining order.

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The cost of policing in Canada climbed to $12 billion in 2012. Even though calls for service have remained stable over the past decade, police budgets have gone up at an average annual rate that is almost double GDP growth, the report said.

Part of what’s driving those costs is the changing nature and growing complexity of certain crimes, such as cybercrime and organized crime, as well as increasing demands for transparency and accountability.

“There’s a reasonable agreement that the current model is simply not workable. The risk we run if it becomes more unsustainable (is that) politicians will start to meddle in the affairs of police. That’s the last thing security organizations want,” said the report’s author, Christian Leuprecht, a political-science professor at Royal Military College of Canada and Queen’s University.

“Civilianization” has already occurred in some areas. Bylaw enforcement, emergency dispatch calls and complaints against police are often handled now by trained civilians.

In the U.S., some police agencies have taken it a step further. In Mesa, Ariz., civilian investigators now handle calls related to residential and commercial break-ins, stolen vehicles, fraud, forgeries and ID thefts.

Civilian investigators can respond more quickly to calls and can take the time to process the crime scene. They are trained to take photographs, look for fingerprints and collect evidence, Mesa police spokesman Lt. Dana McBride said.

“It improves timeliness and quality of service,” he said. “It frees up patrol officers so they can respond to in-progress calls. It gives them time to be more proactive in the neighbourhoods.”

There is no reason, the report said, that sworn officers need to spend time on human resources tasks such as recruiting, carrying out routine background checks, performing media relations functions, and providing much of the instruction at police academies. It also questions the need for sworn officers to appear at ceremonial functions, such as “red serge duty” in the RCMP, “when any number of retired members would do just as good a job” in return for being paid mileage and per diems.

The report said police agencies could also reduce overhead costs by centralizing dispatch, forensics and tactical teams, and by using technology to better manage records and share information with other police agencies and the courts, instead of using reams of paper — “the way it was 100 years ago.” http://o.canada.com/news/turn-over-some-police-jobs-to-civilians-cost-cutting-report-urges/

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Victim Services conference to focus on ‘Taking Action’

Michael Erskine The Manitoulin Expositor April 2, 2014

LITTLE CURRENT—The annual Northern Victim Services Conference is being hosted at the new Manitoulin Hotel and Conference Centre in Little Current this year and the focus is on raising awareness and taking action.

“This year we are hosting the Northern Victim Services Conference,” said Manitoulin North Shore Victim Services Executive Director Ashley Jewell. “This is a three-day event entitled ‘Taking Action – Victim Services Conference 2014.’

Ms. Jewell explained that the conference is hosted by a different site each year and volunteers and staff from across Northern Ontario are invited to attend. “This is an opportunity for training specific to how to better serve victims of crime and tragic circumstances,” she said. “We receive funding from the Government of Canada for National Victims of Crime Awareness Week to make this event possible. It is also a great networking opportunity and gives us the opportunity to share best practices and ideas from across the province.”

National Victims of Crime Awareness Week (Victims Week) is held in April every year. The goal of Victims Week is to raise awareness about issues facing victims of crime and the services, programs and laws in place to help victims and their families.

Victims Week 2014 takes place from April 6 to 12, explained Ms. Jewell. “The theme Taking Action recognizes that throughout Canada, countless dedicated professionals and volunteers are taking action to better serve victims of crime every day. Criminal justice service providers give information and meaningful support to victims and their families at the community, provincial, territorial and federal levels.”

“Over the past three decades,” reads a statement from the federal government, “Canada has made significant advances towards giving victims a more effective voice in the criminal justice system. By working together collaboratively, all levels of government are taking action on issues important to victims of crime. The Government of Canada will continue to build on this momentum to make meaningful change for victims of crime in Canada.”

The first level of support for many victims of crime is family and friends, notes the statement. All Canadians can be taking action by helping victims of crime access the services available to them. Victims Week 2014 provides a backdrop for a national discussion about the laws, services and programs available for victims of crime at the community, provincial, territorial and federal level. “We have also put out a call for nominations to appreciate community members who are making a difference in people’s lives,” said Ms. Jewell. “We will be celebrating the accomplishments of these individuals on April 12. This day is also open to the public and we strongly encourage anyone to attend. We will be showcasing a variety of speakers who not only fit with our theme of ‘Taking Action’ but are truly inspirational. Julie Lalonde and Heather Imming are two of these speakers. Julie is an Ottawa-based social justice advocate and public educator who works with various women’s organizations on the issues of sexual violence, bystander intervention and reproductive justice. Heather is an outspoken advocate and

42 educator on issues of violence against women, she was a subcontracts manager working in the aerospace industry before a series of brutal attacks by her estranged husband changed her life forever.”

“We are pretty excited about the new complex,” said Victim Services program coordinator Kristin Bickell. “It is such a beautiful building, it will be a great way to showcase Manitoulin.” The Victim Services conference was held in Espanola last year and attracted over 80 participants, noted Ms. Bickell. “This year we are hoping for over 100.”

Two days of the conference (Friday and Sunday) are dedicated to providing workshops and training for the Victim Services volunteers across the Northern region, but the Saturday seminars featuring the two keynote speakers are open for the general public to attend.

For more information or for those interested in attending the conference, please contact Victim Services at 705-859-3378 or by email at [email protected]. Deadline to register for the conference is April 4. There is a $50 per person fee to attend the day. http://www.manitoulin.ca/victim-services-conference-to-focus-on-taking-action/

Conservatives to roll out Victims Bill of Rights within “next few days,” MacKay

Murray Brewster The Canadian Press March 30, 2014

OTTAWA – A long-promised victim’s bill of rights is about to be introduced in Parliament, The Canadian Press has learned.

The arrival of the legislation is bound to drive another political lightning rod into the already fractured ground in the House of Commons.

Justice Minister Peter MacKay, in a letter to the Conservative caucus on Sunday, said he looks forward to delivering on the throne speech commitment “over the next few days.”

The letter was obtained by The Canadian Press and the introduction of the legislation is bound to turn up the heat with the Opposition, which has been consumed by the fight against the Harper government’s proposed electoral reforms.

“As we have stated countless times, we are committed to introducing a comprehensive package of legislative reforms never before seen in our country’s history,” said the letter. “Victims of crime deserve to be treated with courtesy, compassion, inclusion and respect. It is important their rights be considered throughout the criminal justice system.”

MacKay, in an interview last fall, said the government’s intention is to extend the involvement of victims “from the time of the offence to the final disposition of the sentence.―

He said the government doesn’t want them to be just another Crown witness, but an effective voice.

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The plan builds on other Conservative measures in what they’ve dubbed their “tough on crime agenda.”

Last year, the country’s ombudsman for victims of crime recommended giving victims the right to speaking during the plea-bargaining process – something already established in some U.S. states.

The watchdog also wants to see victims have the right to a review a decision of the Crown not to prosecute a suspect, and a right to restitution with orders that are enforceable by the courts.

“We have an opportunity with the upcoming bill of rights to rebalance the system for victims of crime in Canada”, said ombudsman Sue O’Sullivan in a statement on Nov. 19, 2013.

When the proposal appeared in last fall’s throne speech opening the new session of Parliament, it drew a swift response from legal advocates, notably the John Howard Society which described the notion as a return to “medieval” justice and a distraction from the real problems facing the system.

Catherine Latimer, writing in The Toronto Star, said the real crisis lies in clogged and delayed courts, as well as overcrowding in prisons and remand centres.

She warned that the way the government is casting its plans, the Conservatives are threatening to “roll back more than 500 years of progress in criminal justice” by creating a system based on vengeance, the way it was in medieval Europe.

For centuries the system has worked to exorcise the notion that crime is personal affront that must be answered in a personal manner and replace it the notion that an offence against an individual is offence against society.

“The present government’s plans for victim-centred justice forgets this lesson of history and threatens a slide back into a new dark age where victims’ vengeance poses as justice,” Latimer wrote on Oct. 27, 2013.

She pointed out, in addition to advocating for the rights of prisoners, her society also provides victims services and restorative justice programs, and it believes they should have access to trauma counselling and compensation. http://lethbridgeherald.com/news/national-news/2014/03/30/conservatives-to-roll-out- victims-bill-of-rights-within-next-few-days-mackay/

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Feds appeal ruling that gives medical marijuana growers a temporary reprieve

Jim Bronskill The Canadian Press April 1, 2014

OTTAWA - The federal government will contest an injunction that allows people to continue to grow medical marijuana while a full legal challenge plays out in the courts.

It is the latest salvo in a series of legal actions over how the government administers its medical pot program.

Earlier this month, Federal Court Judge Michael Manson ruled that patients currently licensed to grow their own marijuana would be permitted to produce the drug even after new regulations banning the practice take effect Tuesday.

The judge granted an application from medical marijuana patients seeking a temporary injunction to preserve the status quo until their constitutional challenge of the new system could be heard.

The government said Monday it will ask the Federal Court of Appeal to overturn the injunction.

Under the existing federal program, thousands of people have licences to cultivate marijuana for personal use to help ease painful symptoms of conditions such as diabetes and multiple sclerosis.

The government says growing marijuana at home poses hazards including mould, fire, toxic chemicals and the threat of home invasion by criminals.

It plans to allow only select commercial producers to grow marijuana under "secure and sanitary conditions" for distribution through the mail, in dried form, to medically approved patients.

Health Minister Rona Ambrose made it clear in a statement Monday that the only reason her department administers a program is a 14-year-old court ruling that said there must be reasonable access to a legal source of marijuana for medical purposes.

"I want to emphasize that marijuana is not an approved drug or medicine in Canada," Ambrose said.

However, the injunction stands for the moment, meaning patients can continue to grow pot — at least until the next ruling.

It is unclear when the federal appeal of the injunction will be heard.

If the government ultimately fails to overturn Manson's decision, it will leave the path clear for the patients' constitutional challenge of the planned new system.

As a result, the matter could be tied up in the courts for many months to come.

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The number of people authorized to possess — and frequently grow — marijuana under the old federal program climbed to 37,000 this year from fewer than 100 in 2001.

Several patients permitted to cultivate their own pot — or serve as a designated grower for someone else — argue the planned new system denies ill Canadians a safe, affordable supply of medical marijuana.

Some say they can grow at home for pennies a gram, while official suppliers licensed by Health Canada charge anywhere from a discounted price of $3 a gram to as much as $13.50.

Denying people the right to produce their own pot would violate their Charter of Rights guarantee of "security of the person," the patients say.

The government rejects the constitutional argument, saying the charter does not ensure the right to produce one's own medication.

Ambrose said she continues to hear concerns from health professional organizations about prescribing marijuana.

Health Canada's statement also said Ambrose has been working with the department in recent months to address concerns about marijuana as a treatment, including the lack of dosage guidelines and appropriate health cautions.

Ambrose has also asked her officials to produce a document on marijuana for medical purposes — in consultation with the medical and scientific community — to help doctors and nurses make decisions, the department said.

"We expect these new measures, including information on dosage guidelines, educational material and increased oversight, will decrease the potential for over-prescribing and negative health impacts."

Several opponents of the planned federal changes — including lead counsel John Conroy — plan to talk about the case in Ottawa on Tuesday and hold a rally on Parliament Hill. http://www.calgaryherald.com/news/national/Feds+appeal+ruling+that+gives+medical+marijua na+growers/9681496/story.html

The CPC Discussion Paper Series: Vol. 1 - Série de documents de réflexion du CCP : Vol. 1

The Canadian Police College is pleased to announce the formation of a Discussion Paper Series designed to explore thoughts, ideas and developing practices under the theme of "Change and Innovation in Canadian Policing". Leading experts have been commissioned to introduce readers to the latest thinking and research on a number of current policing issues and innovations in order to inform and stimulate further discourse on the future of policing and public safety in Canada.

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Publication of The CPC Discussion Paper Series Vol. 1: “The Prince Albert Hub, and the emergence of collaborative risk- driven community safety”- McPhee and Taylor, April 2014 The Canadian Police College (CPC) and its partners are pleased to announce the official release of the first in a series of Discussion Papers on Change and Innovation in Canadian Policing. “The Prince Albert Hub, and the emergence of collaborative risk driven community safety” by former police chief Dale Mc Fee and management consultant Norman Taylor, is an informative description of the philosophy, process and structure of an innovative multi-agency community problem-solving model successfully pioneered by the authors in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan. The paper provides readers with an accessible and timely overview of this promising new evidence-based approach to preventative policing and community safety that is currently being introduced by a number of Canadian police services.

The CPC discussion paper series was developed in response to the challenges facing contemporary Canadian policing and the lack of accessible knowledge and research on relevant policing change and innovation issues and strategies. To address this, subject area experts were invited to summarize the latest thinking, research and innovative practice on selected change and innovation topics of particular relevance to Canadian policing. The discussions papers will provide the Canadian public safety community with useful information, and will hopefully stimulate further discussion and interest in exploring issues relevant to the future of policing and public safety.

In the coming months a series of discussion papers will be released on topics such as: tiered policing models, the economics of policing in Canada and sustainable policing options, historical patterns of economy and policing change and the evolution of Canadian policing and progressive change. More information and copies of the discussion papers are available at www.cpc-ccp.gc.ca/en/cpclibrary/Discussion

------Publication de la série de documents de réflexion du CCP Vol. 1 : Le carrefour de Prince Albert et la transition vers une stratégie de sécurité communautaire axée sur la collaboration et la détermination des risques, McPhee et Taylor, avril 2014

Le Collège canadien de police (CCP) et ses partenaires sont fiers d’annoncer la publication officielle du premier d’une série de documents de réflexion sur le changement et l’innovation dans les services de police canadiens. Écrit par l’ancien chef de police Dale Mc Fee et l’expert- conseil en gestion Norman Taylor, le premier document intitulé Le carrefour de Prince Albert et la transition vers une stratégie de sécurité communautaire axée sur la collaboration et la détermination des risques est une description instructive de la philosophie, du processus et de la structure d’un modèle novateur de résolution de problèmes communautaire multiorganisationnel mis en place avec succès par les auteurs à Prince Albert, en Saskatchewan. Le document arrive à point pour offrir aux lecteurs un aperçu accessible de cette nouvelle approche prometteuse des services de police de prévention et de la sécurité communautaire axée sur les éléments de preuve qu’un certain nombre de services de police canadiens commencent à adopter.

La série de documents de réflexion du CCP a été conçue pour répondre aux défis des services de police contemporains au Canada et au manque de connaissances et de travaux de recherche accessibles sur les questions et les stratégies pertinentes de changement et d’innovation dans le domaine des services de police. C’est ainsi que des experts en la matière ont été invités à résumer les courants de pensée et les travaux de recherche récents ainsi que les pratiques novatrices sur des sujets choisis se rapportant au changement et à l’innovation particulièrement

47 pertinents pour les service de police canadiens. Les documents de réflexion donneront également à la communauté canadienne de la sécurité publique des renseignements utiles, et il est à espérer qu’ils stimuleront la poursuite des échanges et l’intérêt pour les enjeux se rapportant à l’avenir des services de police et de la sécurité publique.

Au cours des prochains mois, une série de documents de réflexion sur des sujets seront publiés, portant notamment sur les modèles de services de police à plusieurs niveaux, l’économie des services de police au Canada et les façons d’offrir des services de police viables, les caractéristiques historiques des changements de l’économie et des services de police ainsi que l’évolution et les changements progressifs des services de police canadiens. Des renseignements supplémentaires et le texte des documents de réflexion sont accessibles à l’adresse http://www.cpc-ccp.gc.ca/fr/cpclibrary/Discussion

Prostitution law consultations find little consensus among police

Alison Crawford CBC News April 02, 2014

There's no consensus among Canada's police chiefs on what the federal government should do now that the Supreme Court of Canada has struck down three of the country's prostitution laws.

The top court gave Justice Minister Peter MacKay until the end of December to draft new legislation. In addition to online consultations with the public, the department asked for input from police. The Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police initially tried to come up with a common position paper but found members had too many points of view.

Calgary Police Chief Rick Hanson puts it this way, "The law enforcement community ranges from 'legalize it all, they're all Julia Roberts from Pretty Women' to those who agree with us and everything in between."

In his submission to government, Hanson told the government to outlaw prostitution altogether. However, Hanson doesn't actually want his officers to charge sex workers. "I think that you can create a series of laws where you can come down hard on the user and that you look at the provider as a victim," he says.

If that sounds like the so-called Nordic model of regulating prostitution, where selling sex is legal but buying it is not, Hanson makes it clear that it isn't.

Hanson says officers need the law as a tool to give them access to victimized men and women who were coerced into sex work. "Then you have courses of action to move that person towards treatment or counselling or getting them out of that lifestyle."

York Regional Police Chief Eric Jolliffe says that's exactly how his officers had used the laws until the Supreme Court struck them down: "We take a very victim-centred approach. We haven't, in fact, charged a prostitute here in five years. But we have been able to extract, using the authorities that are given to us today, over 110 people over the last several years."

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Jolliffe says having the power to arrest someone for prostitution, even if officers don't use it, helps police get behind the closed doors where the mentally ill, abused and those addicted to drugs have been forced into sex work.

Criminalization's risks

Ottawa University law Prof. Carissima Mathen says it's commendable that police chiefs are thinking this way. However, she says criminalizing prostitution on the promise of enforcing it in a one-sided matter is risky. She says there's no way to guarantee officers would apply the law in the same manner across the country.

"The problem with keeping the law on the books is that they essentially are asking for the discretion to use the law as they see fit," she says. "But as long as the law is on the books it will have an impact on at least some of the women. And the Supreme Court has ruled that unacceptable because it makes their lives more unsafe."

According to Mathen, there are steps the government can take, just short of an absolute prohibition on prostitution, to ensure the safety of prostitutes and help prevent their exploitation, such as restricting where and how sex work is carried out.

"But all of these require essentially accepting that some sex work is going to happen and that there are ways it can be done that don't lead to the harms that clearly concern some of these people, including the chiefs of police," she says.

Durham Regional Police Chief Mike Ewles didn't send a position paper to the government because he says he doesn't have a clearly defined opinion on how the government should regulate prostitution.

When it comes to the proposal to outlaw it though, "I think it really poses a significant risk. It's something we would have to think about very, very carefully."

Like his colleagues in York and Calgary, Ewles is also focused on helping the exploited and prosecuting abusive johns and pimps. He just doesn't think criminalization is the answer.

"We might drive it under into a subculture there that is so difficult for us to investigation and infiltrate and deal with," he says.

Ewles has also given considerable thought to the consenting adults who want to run regulated businesses.

"I really struggle with the notion of the individual's right to freely engage in what is essentially the second-oldest profession. We're not going to eliminate it."

He says he doesn't necessarily have a problem with people such as Terri-Jean Bedford, the Toronto dominatrix who led the challenge against Canada's prostitution laws.

"Bedford is an entrepreneur who wants to ply her trade and do her trade. She's a willing participant. I don't necessarily have a problem with that. Where I have a problem is for those people who are being extorted, assaulted, coerced into it."

49 http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/prostitution-law-consultations-find-little-consensus-among- police-1.2595728

Today on the Hill: Conservatives put victims of crime in Commons spotlight

The Canadian Press April 3, 2014

OTTAWA - The Conservative government is introducing a long-awaited victims' bill of rights in the House of Commons today, hoping to burnish its reputation as tough-on-crime Tories.

Prime Minister Stephen Harper is marking the occasion at an event in Mississauga, Ont., alongside Justice Minister Peter MacKay and Public Safety Minister Steven Blaney.

And with Harper out of town, the House of Commons committees will get a share of the spotlight today as they tackle key issues on Parliament Hill.

Executives from the Railway Association of Canada, Canadian Pacific Railway Ltd. and Canadian National will be before the Commons transportation committee talking about hauling dangerous goods.

Meanwhile, the Commons house affairs committee will continue hearings on Bill C-23, the government's controversial effort to change election rules.

The committee is hearing witnesses from the Assembly of First Nations, the National Pensioners Federation and the Native Women's Association of Canada.

Also giving testimony before the Commons defence committee are Defence Minister Rob Nicholson and John Forster, head of Communications Security Establishment Canada, the country's secretive electronic spy agency.

The Commons access to information, privacy and ethics committee will hear senior Mounties discuss identity theft.

In other Ottawa events:

— Statistics Canada releases international merchandise trade figures for February.

— Vadym Prystaiko, Ukrainian ambassador to Canada, gives an address at Carleton University entitled "Ukrainian Renaissance: Another Chance?"

— The Supreme Court will release its decisions on a variety of leave-to-appeal applications. http://www.montrealgazette.com/news/national/Today+Hill+Conservatives+victims+crime+Co mmons+spotlight/9694550/story.html

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INTERNATIONAL NEWS

New watchdog named to oversee NYPD

Matthew Chayes Newsday March 28, 2014

The de Blasio administration Friday named the city's first-ever inspector general to oversee the police department, a post created over the veto of the former mayor but embraced by the current one.

Philip K. Eure, who starts May 27, helped establish a similar watchdog office to monitor Washington, D.C.'s police force -- a job he's held for nearly 14 years. The 52-year-old Harvard- trained lawyer and former federal civil rights attorney is the past president of the National Association for Civilian Oversight of Law Enforcement. Eure said he sees his task as "enhancing police accountability, building confidence of the police and respecting civil rights." While much of what he tackles will be broad NYPD policies -- "stop- and-frisk is going to be on the radar screen," Eure said -- he didn't rule out investigating individual cases of police misconduct.

The NYPD inspector general's office was created last year by the City Council amid complaints over the force's stop-and-frisk practice and surveillance of Muslims. Former Mayor Michael Bloomberg bitterly opposed the office.

Police unions also objected. Most were quiet on Eure's appointment. But the head of the Captains Endowment Association, Roy Richter, said he isn't opposed to the office so long as it doesn't interfere with officers' crime-fighting mission.

"The police department has some failings, and that's the reason why this position has been created," Richter said.

Niaz Kasravi, the NAACP's national criminal justice director, hailed the appointment. "Creating greater accountability, rebuilding the public's trust and improving relations between communities and law enforcement is long overdue after decades of stop-and-frisk abuses and other forms of racial profiling in New York City," Kasravi said.

Eure has studied the phenomenon of "contempt of cop" -- an officer's misusing laws such as disorderly conduct not to combat illegal conduct but to punish only perceived disrespect. In the nation's capital, Eure sometimes butted heads with police and union officials, and he accused that department of refusing to discipline officers uncooperative with his probes. Former D.C. Police Chief Charles H. Ramsey once said: "I'm not going to have my officers railroaded." Eure received a warmer reception from NYPD Commissioner William Bratton, who interviewed him for the job, as did Department of Investigation Commissioner Mark Peters, to whom the inspector general reports.

"I am sure we will have a collegial and collaborative relationship going forward," Bratton told reporters. "I think he will hit the ground in a very informed way."

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Peters rebutted criticism voiced last year by people who said that the existence of the inspector general's office would confuse the rank-and-file over who's in charge.

"I don't think there's any confusion as to whose orders to be taking," Peters said. http://www.newsday.com/news/new-york/new-watchdog-named-to-oversee-nypd-1.7539107

Police deployment of Tasers reaches record levels as use climbs for fifth year

Richard Wheatstone Manchester Evening News March 28, 2014

Tasers are being fired by Greater Manchester Police more than ever before according to new government figures.

The force’s use of stun guns increased by four per cent in 2013 - with officers opening fire 219 times.

The Home Office figures place GMP third in the national table of police forces discharging the weapons, behind the Metropolitan Police (247) and West Midlands Police (221).

The trio are shown to fire Tasers far more often than any other force - with Staffordshire Police the next most frequent on 71.

GMP was involved in a number of high-profile Taser incidents last year.

Factory worker Jordan Begley, 23, died after being shot inside his home on Beard Road, Gorton, in July after police were called to reports of a domestic incident.

Officers at Manchester Airport also deployed a stun gun on naked passenger Robert Scheer, who stripped off on the runway and challenged the captain of the plane to a fight.

Chief Superintendent John O’Hare from GMP’s Specialist Operations Branch said: “The Taser continues to be a valuable and effective option for police officers dealing with potentially volatile situations where its use is necessary to protect the public, police or the individual themselves.

“In recent years, more officers have been trained to use Tasers, and in the majority of cases where it is deployed, the presence of the Taser alone can have an effect, without the need for officers to actually use it.

“These figures reflect these developments and are, in the main, comparable with forces of a similar size.”

In total, GMP officers withdrew stun guns 816 times during 2013.

In almost half of cases officers trained the ‘red dot’ on their target without activating the charge.

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GMP first issued tasers to specialist firearms officers in 2004 and their use was extended to other trained officers in 2009.

The guns deliver a charge of 50,000 volts along copper wires fired into the target.

They were also used 61 times in ‘drive-stun’ mode, where it is thrust into the side of a target without firing wires - causing pain without incapicitating.

The guns were drawn without being aimed 89 times, and aimed without being charged 54 times. On a further seven occasions a gun was ‘arced’ - making a noisy strip of charge appear to threaten the use of the weapon. http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/greater- manchester-police-taser-use-6886382

Police use of Tasers up by a third

The Belfast Telegraph 27 March 2014

The use of stun guns by police officers in England and Wales surged by nearly a third to more than 10,000 deployments last year.

Taser use rose from a combined 8,161 in 2012 to 10,380 in 2013, Home Office figures reveal.

However, the proportion of cases when the Taser was fully fired dropped between 2012 and 2013 from 21% to 17%.

The most common use of a Taser in each of the last two years was so-called "red dot" use, accounting for 51% of use, which is when the weapon is not fired but aimed and partially activated so a laser red dot is placed on the suspect.

National policing lead for Taser, Commander Neil Basu, said: " When police officers use force there is no such thing as a 100% risk-free option. All options carry some form of risk.

"Taser is a less lethal weapon. It poses significantly less risk than other tactical options used by the police such as a metal baton, police dog and CS spray.

"Officers are trained to use Taser to deal with violence or threats of violence and they are individually accountable in law for the amount of force they use.

"Taser has safely resolved situations where a person has been intent on serious self-harm. Officers are trained to consider the vulnerability of the person and factors such as age and stature form part of this assessment."

Police officers are selected for the role and subjected to comprehensive training before being handed a Taser and around 12% carry a Taser.

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Training covers handling and using the device and circumstances under which it can be lawfully used.

The Independent Police Complaints Commission announced in December that it is to supervise an investigation into the Tasering by police of three teenagers with complex learning difficulties.

Devon and Cornwall Police deployed the Taser on the boys, all aged 14 or 15, after being called to Chelfham Senior School, near Plymouth, following reports of an alleged assault on a teacher.

Devon and Cornwall Police are also being investigated by the watchdog over an incident in which a man who doused himself in petrol burst into flames when he was shot with a Taser.

Sophie Khan, legal director of Police Action Centre: " The statistics show that there is an ongoing issue with the use of Tasers by police, especially as the statistics suggest that the Taser is being used as a compliance tool which is in direct contravention of the Taser Policy and Guidance.

"Now that up-to-date figures have been released the Home Office must take steps to address the concerns that have been repeatedly raised about Taser use to ensure we have policing by consent and not policing by compliance." http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/local-national/uk/police-use-of-tasers-up-by-a-third- 30131759.html

TEDx Birmingham: Call the police on cybercrime

Michael Kassner Tech Republic April 1, 2014

At TEDx Birmingham 2014, one of the presenters asked the audience, "Why is it called cybercrime, but we don't call the police?" An interesting question -- one that begs further investigation.

The person making the inquiry was Gary Warner. I wrote a previous TechRepublic article about his work at the University of Alabama, Birmingham (UAB), and his company Malcovery Security. Warner has this thing about cybercrime, as in, he wants to wipe it out.

During his TEDx talk, Warner refers to a time when his boss was upset that he was spending too much time chasing digital bad guys and that it should not be his concern. Warner's response:

"The hell it's not! Computer scientists like me invented the internet and gave it to the world as a gift. Now somebody's out there trying to destroy what we built, by using the internet to steal our money, our passwords, our secrets, and our documents."

Shares the pain Warner, who lives in Alabama, has firsthand experience with cybercrime because someone used his credit card to charge $1,800 at Wal-Mart in California. When Warner found out, he called the police:

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"And the official said, 'Oh, would you like me to do a police report so we can have the bank give your money back?' No. We want you to take my statement so someone will investigate the crime, catch the criminals, and put them in jail. The official chuckling said, 'That's not how it works.'"

Warner then called the San Diego Sheriff's Department explaining the situation. The person at the sheriff's office responded:

"We'd be happy to investigate this crime for you Mr. Warner. Tell you what, send me an affidavit saying you or your wife will fly to San Diego at your expense, stay in a hotel for a week, and pay for your own meals if we catch the criminal; because without a witness in the stand, it's not going to do us any good."

Warner told the official that would cost more than the $1,800 they originally lost. The official replied, "Right, call your bank. Get the money back."

That experience solidified Warner's understanding of why bad guys feel they are immune to any consequences of their crime. Nick Selby of PCWorld interviewed Ed Gibson, former Chief Security Advisor for Microsoft in the UK, about this subject. Gibson offered the following insight:

"If you commit a cybercrime there's almost no chance you'll get caught; if caught there's almost no chance you'll get prosecuted; get prosecuted and there's slim chance you'll get time; get time and there's no chance you'll serve anything like the whole ride. Under those conditions, what possible reason would there be not to commit cybercrime?"

Warner agrees: "We built the response to cybercrime where we punish the victim rather than punish the criminal, and we need to change that."

Do not give up Warner is not giving up. Between his work at Malcovery Security and at UAB, Warner feels they are making headway:

"We have former students who joined the FBI and the CIA. We have former students employed at Microsoft and PayPal. We've got former students all over the world who are fighting cybercrime."

Warner also put onus on those who use the internet, saying: "It's your internet too." To that end, I wanted to repost information introduced in this article about pertinent laws and where to report cybercrimes.

Laws covering cybercrimes UK: Computer Misuse Act 1990, Communications Act 2003, and Fraud Act 2006

USA: Title 18, United States Code (USC) Section 1030 (Fraud and related activity in connection with computers)

Canada: Criminal Code of Canada, specifically Section 342.1 (Unauthorized Use of a Computer) and Section 430.1 (Mischief in Relation to Data)

Australia: Summary Offences Act, 1953 and Criminal Law Consolidation Act, 1935.

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Reporting the crime UK: In the UK, when a crime occurs, it should be reported to the police. If the crime is serious enough, it may be referred to the Police Central e-Crime Unit.

US: The Department of Justice website contains a contact page for reporting incidents to local, state or federal law enforcement agencies.

Canada: The Royal Canadian Mounted Police is the main agency when it comes to investigating federal statutes, so it is best to start with them.

Australia: The Australian Federal Police website provides advice on whether the Australian State or Territory Police should be contacted. http://www.techrepublic.com/article/tedx-birmingham-call-the-police-on-cybercrime/

NOPD body cam training begins

March 31, 2014

NEW ORLEANS —The next time a person is stopped by a New Orleans Police Department officer, or an officer responds to a

Monday, the NOPD turned the first page in the department's newest chapter -- body-worn cameras.

Soon every officer on the streets of New Orleans will have the capability to record what happens around them.

The city budgeted $295,000 a year to operate and maintain the 420 body cameras.

Hundreds of officers of the NOPD will soon have new partners joining them on the streets -- one that NOPD Superintendent Ronal Serpas called "unbiased witnesses."

Monday afternoon, officers learned how to operate state-of-the-art body cams to be worn on the uniforms of officers responding to calls and crime scenes.

In January, Serpas called the cameras "a game changer in American and international policing."

Serpas says the 420 state-of-the art cameras will be worn by every officer who's working the street.

Cameras won't record 24 hours but instead they'll be manually activated by the officer.

"Overall, it's got to be good for the system because the camera doesn't lie," said attorney Pat Fanning.

Fanning said often times when body cam footage becomes evidence in a courtroom, there's dispute of over what the video shows.

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"You can show the video to the jurors, and you'll have the prosecutor getting up and say, 'It's clear that it shows this,' and the defense will say, 'No, it's not. It's clear that it doesn't show that.' And so it will all be subject to interpretation," Fanning said.

"What it does, is it puts everyone on a level playing field. That way when the officers get out of their vehicle, or when they go to handle a situation, it's all documented on exactly what's going on," said security expert and retired NOPD Officer Mike Cahn.

Cahn calls the cameras a great tool in modern day policing.

"Cameras help a lot of situations. ... They help the police officers, they help them act appropriately on scene and they also help the civilians when they're going to those scenes to know that whatever they're doing is going to be documented and you can't change to story later," Cahn said.

The training is expected to last three weeks. https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/policeoversight/conversations/messages/10442;_ylc=X3 oDMTJyMW9mNWJlBF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzE0NDE0MzEyBGdycHNwSWQDMTcwNTA1 OTQxOARtc2dJZAMxMDQ0MgRzZWMDZnRyBHNsawNycGx5BHN0aW1lAzEzOTYzNzIyMTI- ?act=reply&messageNum=10442

To Prevent Crime, Walk the Dog on At-Risk Blocks

Conor Friedersdorf The Atlantic Cities March 28, 2014

Last summer, the press began reporting on a new law enforcement tactic, "predictive policing." A computer program analyzes all crime that occurs in an area and produces a map with boxes drawn around blocks where future crime is most likely.

"Cops working with predictive systems respond to call-outs as usual, but when they are free, they return to the spots which the computer suggests," The Economist noted. "Officers may talk to locals or report problems, like broken lights or unsecured properties, that could encourage crime." The tactic coincided with a 12 percent reduction in property crime in one Los Angeles neighborhood.

The program is now coming to the Pacific Division, also known as my area of the city. And in an innovative twist, the LAPD has asked me to help out in problem spots.

The same request went out to all my neighbors.

"LAPD Pacific Division wants to enhance the results of Predictive Policing to drive crime as low as possible," it stated:

In an effort to do this we are deploying as many resources as possible to the box areas. To further increase the effectiveness of Predictive Policing we are asking the public to spend any free time that you may have in these areas too. You can simply walk with a neighbor, exercise,

57 or walk your dog in these areas and your presence alone can assist in deterring would be criminals from committing crime in your neighborhood. Every day, they're going to release a new map via social media with an updated boxes so people know which cross-streets in their neighborhood need the most attention.

This is a worthy experiment.

Lots of Los Angeles is built in a way that reduces the presence of what Jane Jacobs would call "eyes on the street." Can this disadvantage be overcome with crowdsourcing?

I'd change the route I take on dog walks to help out. And if lots of my neighbors do the same, it'll be a sign of civic health. We're all responsible for safeguarding our neighborhoods.

The Los Angeles Police Department is often less transparent than it ought to be, as evidenced by its refusal to turn over information about its license plate scanner program. Angelenos would be furious if they knew how pervasively their vehicular comings and goings are recorded and stored by law enforcement. But the LAPD does praiseworthy things too. This latest example is a good illustration of how transparency can help law enforcement to improve public safety. And if the experiment works, needed eyeballs will be dispersed to at-risk areas without the use of Orwellian surveillance cameras being installed all over the neighborhood. http://www.theatlanticcities.com/technology/2014/03/prevent-crime-walk-dog-risk- blocks/8748/

Police Shootings of Mentally Ill Suspects Are on the Upswing

New York Times April 1, 2014

In towns and cities across the United States, police officers find themselves playing dual roles as law enforcers and psychiatric social workers.

ALBUQUERQUE — James Boyd, a homeless man camping in the Sandia Foothills here, could hear the commands of the police officers who were trying to move him out.

The problem was that Mr. Boyd, 38, had a history of mental illness, and so was living in a different reality, one in which he was a federal agent and not someone to be bossed around.

“Don’t attempt to give me, the Department of Defense, another directive,” he told the officers. A short while later, the police shot and killed him, saying he had pulled out two knives and threatened their lives.

The March 16 shooting, captured in a video taken with an officer’s helmet camera and released by the Albuquerque Police Department, has stirred protests and some violence in Albuquerque and prompted the Federal Bureau of Investigation to begin an inquiry into the death. But it has also focused attention on the growing number of people with severe mental disorders who, in

58 the absence of adequate mental health services, are coming in contact with the criminal justice system, sometimes with deadly consequences.

In towns and cities across the United States, police officers find themselves playing dual roles as law enforcers and psychiatric social workers. County jails and state prisons have become de facto mental institutions; in New York, for instance, a surge of stabbings, beatings and other violence at Rikers Island has been attributed in part to an influx of mentally ill inmates, who respond erratically to discipline and are vulnerable targets for other prisoners.

“Frequent fliers,” as mentally ill inmates who have repeated arrests are known in law enforcement circles, cycle from jail cells to halfway houses to the streets and back.

The problem has gotten worse in recent years, according to mental health and criminal justice experts, as state and local governments have cut back on mental health services for financial reasons. And with the ubiquity of video cameras — both in ordinary citizens’ hands and on police officer’s helmets and in cruisers — the public can more readily see what is going on and respond.

“I think that this issue hits every city, every part of the country where you have people who are walking on the street who normally would have been under some kind of treatment or institutionalized,” said Chuck Wexler, executive director of the Police Executive Research Forum, a Washington-based nonprofit that in 2012 released a report calling for minimizing the use of force by the police in situations involving mental illness.

Dr. E. Fuller Torrey, a psychiatrist and the founder of the Treatment Advocacy Center, a nonprofit group in Arlington, Va., that promotes access to mental health care, said police officers had by default become “the first line of contact” for severely troubled people who once might have gone to a community clinic or mental health crisis center.

Dr. Torrey pointed to San Diego, where calls to the sheriff’s office involving mentally ill people nearly doubled from 2009 to 2011, and to Medford, Ore., where, he said, the police in 2011 reported “an alarming spike in the number of mentally ill people coming in contact with the police on an almost daily basis.”

Many police departments have put in place training for officers in how to deal with mentally ill people, teaching them to defuse potentially volatile situations and to treat people who suffer from psychiatric illnesses with respect. But officers can sometimes make a crisis worse, either out of fear or in a reflexive effort to control the situation and enforce compliance.

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Although no agency or organization tracks the number of police shootings nationally that involve people with mental illnesses, a report by the Treatment Advocacy Center and the National Sheriff’s Association, based on informal studies and accounts, estimated that half the number of people shot and killed by the police have mental health problems.

That number is higher in Albuquerque, where since 2010, 37 people have been shot by the police, 23 of them fatally. According to a report by the New Mexico Public Defender Department, which offers free legal services to indigent clients, nearly 75 percent of those shot in 2010 and 2011 suffered from mental illness. In one case, in July 2010, police officers responding to a domestic violence call shot a man suffering from schizophrenia who had threatened them with a knife. In April 2011, another schizophrenic man was killed in a scuffle with plainclothes detectives, who had entered his home to serve a warrant.

The Justice Department has been investigating whether the Albuquerque Police Department has a pattern and practice of using excessive force. In its guidelines for dealing with mentally ill people, the department includes examples of delusional statements — like “Everyone is out to get me” — and the potential risks posed by ill people, like a loss of emotional control. The guidelines also tell officers to “move slowly, being careful not to excite the subject” and to “provide reassurance that the police are there to help.”

Like an increasing number of police departments across the country, Albuquerque’s uses a crisis intervention team model, in which specially trained officers are dispatched to a scene when a mentally ill person is involved. Currently, about 25 percent of officers in the department are certified for the crisis teams.

Shaun Willoughby, vice president of the Albuquerque Police Officers Association, said the Police Department got its first crisis intervention teams in the 1990s and had since made de-escalation techniques part of the training for recruits as well as officers.

But the reality on the street is more complicated.

“Our reactions are based on the actions of people,” Mr. Willoughby said, setting up a dynamic that often leaves the officer no alternative but to use “a strong hand.”

The department does not pair officers with mental health workers, as some cities do. The Los Angeles Police Department’s specialized mental evaluation unit, for example, has a staff of 60, with 30 mental health clinicians, according to Detective Charles Dempsey.

The New York Police Department has not adopted the crisis intervention team model, which was developed by the Memphis Police Department, but has opted instead for its own protocols and training for handling mentally ill people, who are known as emotionally disturbed persons, or E.D.P.s in the department’s jargon.

All officers in New York receive basic training for handling such calls, said Stephen Davis, the Police Department’s top spokesman, but the rule is to bring in the Emergency Service Unit,

60 whose officers have specialized training in this and other areas. The unit also tracks mentally ill people who have had contact with the police over time, trying to make sure they receive appropriate treatment.

People with mental illness are often minor crimes like disorderly conduct or trespassing. Mr. Boyd, whom the Albuquerque police said had a history of violence and who appeared to be turning away from the officers when he was shot, attracted law enforcement attention for camping illegally.

About 6 percent of the population, or one in 17 Americans, suffer from a serious mental illness, according to the National Institute of Mental Health. Studies suggest that the mentally ill are involved in only about 4 percent of violent crimes. But when untreated, severe mental illness is associated with higher rate of violence, researchers have found.

The lack of adequate mental health services for the severely ill, which began during the years of deinstitutionalization in the 1960s and has worsened in the ensuing decades, increases the chance of a crisis escalating into violence.

“It’s like if we stopped treating heart disease until people had heart attacks,” said Ronald S. Honberg, director of policy and legal affairs at the National Alliance on Mental Illness. “We’d be seeing lots of people having heart attacks in the street. That’s what’s happened in our mental health system. Once people get to the point of crisis, that’s a difficult time to start treatment.”

Mr. Willoughby, for his part, said that for Albuquerque officers, “more training is a great thing, but to say you’re going to train this problem away is ridiculous.” He said that people with mental illness tended to go “through the revolving door of jails” without getting the help they need, then go back on the streets “to be dealt with by the police time and time again, which only contributes to the problem.”

The mayor of Albuquerque, Richard J. Berry, defended the police force, saying in an interview on Monday that during a demonstration on Sunday, “I saw the department act with professionalism and restraint throughout the day.”

But the police officers get little sympathy from people whose lives have been touched by the shootings.

“They don’t seem to learn from their past mistakes, and that troubles me,” said Stephen Torres, the father of the man who was killed by plainclothes officers in April 2011.

The Albuquerque police have “very well-drafted, very well-thought-out” procedures on dealing with mentally ill individuals, but he believes “the officers don’t follow them, and they don’t get disciplined” for not following them, he said.

“If they did,” said Mr. Torres, a family lawyer, “my son would still be alive.”

Fernanda Santos reported from Albuquerque, and Erica Goode from New York. J. David Goodman contributed reporting from New York. http://nyti.ms/1pGVG4C

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St. Louis program helps police and public smooth over minor conflicts

Joel Currier April 04, 2014

If you think a city cop was rude, cursed at you or treated you unfairly, you might have a chance to hammer out your differences in a face-to-face chat.

St. Louis police are running a pilot program aimed at resolving bitter but relatively minor conflicts between citizens and officers. So far, the department has resolved 15 complaints through mediation since the program started in October 2011, said Lt. Scott Gardner, an internal affairs commander.

In a sense, it’s a grown-up version of settling fights on the school playground.

“The main goal is to improve the relationship between the community and our policemen,” said Gardner, who decides which complaints go to mediation. “It brings people to the table.”

Issues resolved through mediation have included officers accused of screaming at people, having a bad attitude or speeding, Gardner said. Cases settled through mediation represent just a fraction of allegations made against city police. Most are handled through internal affairs investigations.

John Doggette, director of MediationSTL, a service offered by the Mennonite Peace Center of St. Louis, says the goal is to provide a safe and confidential alternative to formal inquiries.

“It’s an opportunity for them to have a conversation they would never have had in any other situation,” Doggette said.

He said he is not aware of any other such programs in the St. Louis area.

For the public, it offers people a chance to explain why they are angry. For police, it allows officers to resolve complaints quietly and keep them off their personnel records.

Both sides must consent to resolving complaints with a meeting, understanding that neither side “wins.” Rather, the officer and accuser talk through their differences, monitored by a mediator. Anything more serious — such as accusations of police brutality or racial discrimination — is handled as before.

St. Louis’ program, which began under former Chief Dan Isom, has never received funding to become a permanent process. But Doggette says he hopes city leaders consider establishing a formal program in the future.

“The potential is phenomenal,” Doggette said. “People need an opportunity to have a civil discourse instead of getting upset.”

On Monday, the University of Missouri-St. Louis, where Isom is now a faculty criminologist, hosted a panel that runs a bigger program in Denver. There, more than 360 conflicts have been resolved through mediation since 2006. Denver’s program is a collaboration involving its city

62 police, county sheriff and the nonprofit Community Mediation Concepts, which is based in Colorado.

“The officers really appreciate the chance to sit down and explain themselves rather than getting tagged with a complaint,” said Steve Charbonneau, executive director of Community Mediation, which provides services to several Colorado departments under contract.

Denver police Sgt. John Bronson, a union representative, said Monday that mediation has allowed officers to avoid internal investigations and trim the department’s estimated $50,000 in monthly legal bills.

PEOPLE, NOT STEREOTYPES

Samuel Walker, a retired University of Nebraska-Omaha criminal justice professor who co- authored a 2002 study for the Justice Department, said most cases referred to mediation are those that usually cannot be proved through internal affairs. He said mediation for minor complaints is cheaper because it doesn’t take up as much time conducting interviews or collecting evidence.

“The standard complaint-investigating process typically leaves both sides unhappy, especially because of the delays, and both sides think the whole process is stacked against them,” he said. “It tends to be dysfunctional.”

Cities with established programs include New York, San Francisco, Kansas City, Washington, Denver, Portland, Ore., and Austin, Texas. Walker said a “startling few” departments in large cities have established programs; he urges more to invest in it.

“A lot of victims just want to express their point of view to tell (police) how upset they are,” Walker said. “People who have done mediation say it’s just magic. The two sides get to see each other as people, rather than stereotypes.”

St. Louis Circuit Attorney Jennifer Joyce said she was unaware of the program but supports any effort that fosters communication between police and residents. She said it is particularly important to build police confidence with people who one day may be jurors deciding drug cases in which officers are often the only witnesses.

“Police credibility is the whole thing,” Joyce said. “St. Louis has a ways to go with citizen respect for the police. The more positive view that the public has of the police, the more they’re going to be receptive to what the police say on the witness stand.”

Joel Currier is a breaking news reporter for STLtoday.com and the St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Follow him onTwitter here: @joelcurrier http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/st-louis-program-helps-police-and- public-smooth-over-minor/article_e5340c70-95dc-50de-ae96-d6efcf366846.html

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What I Learned About Stop-and-Frisk From Watching My Black Son

Christopher E. Smith

When I heard that my 21-year-old son, a student at Harvard, had been stopped by New York City police on more than one occasion during the brief summer he spent as a Wall Street intern, I was angry. On one occasion, while wearing his best business suit, he was forced to lie face-down on a filthy sidewalk because—well, let’s be honest about it, because of the color of his skin. As an attorney and a college professor who teaches criminal justice classes, I knew that his constitutional rights had been violated. As a parent, I feared for his safety at the hands of the police—a fear that I feel every single day, whether he is in New York or elsewhere.

Moreover, as the white father of an African-American son, I am keenly aware that I never face the suspicion and indignities that my son continuously confronts. In fact, all of the men among my African-American in-laws—and I literally mean every single one of them—can tell multiple stories of unjustified investigatory police stops of the sort that not a single one of my white male relatives has ever experienced.

In The Atlantic’s April feature story “Is Stop-and-Frisk Worth It?” author Daniel Bergner cited Professor Frank Zimring’s notion that stop-and-frisk is “a special tax on minority males.” I cannot endorse the conclusion that this “special tax” actually helps make communities safer. As indicated by the competing perspectives in Atlantic essays by Donald Braman and Paul Larkin, scholars disagree on whether crime rate data actually substantiate the claims of stop-and-frisk advocates. Either way, I do believe that the concept of a “special tax” deserves closer examination.

Proponents of stop-and-frisk often suggest that the hardships suffered by young men of color might be tolerable if officers were trained to be polite rather than aggressive and authoritarian. We need to remember, however, that we are talking about imposing an additional burden on a demographic that already experiences a set of alienating “taxes” not shared by the rest of society.

I can tell myriad stories about the ways my son is treated with suspicion and negative presumptions in nearly every arena of his life. I can describe the terrorized look on his face when, as a 7-year-old trying to learn how to ride a bicycle on the sidewalk in front of our suburban house, he was followed at 2-miles-per-hour from a few feet away by a police patrol car—a car that sped away when I came out of the front door to see what was going on. I can tell stories of teachers, coaches, and employers who have forced my son to overcome a presumption that he will cause behavior problems or that he lacks intellectual capability. I can tell you about U.S. Customs officials inexplicably ordering both of us to exit our vehicle and enter a building at the Canadian border crossing so that a team of officers could search our car without our watching—an event that never occurs when I am driving back from Canada by myself.

If I hadn’t witnessed all this so closely, I never would have fully recognized the extent of the indignities African-American boys and men face. Moreover, as indicated by research recently published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, the cumulative physical toll this treatment takes on African-American men can accelerate the aging process and cause early

64 death. Thus, no “special tax” on this population can be understood without recognizing that it does not exist as a small, isolated element in people’s lives.

It’s equally important to recognize the more acute dangers posed by these encounters. When my son was walking home one night during his summer in New York City, two men jumped out of the shadows and grabbed him. Any reasonable person would instantly have been jolted into wondering, “Am I being robbed?” That question demands quick decision-making: “Do I defend myself? Do I break free and try to run away?”

However, because cautious African-American men know that they are frequent targets of sudden and unexplained police stops, they must suppress their rational defensive reactions with self-imposed docility. What if these were plainclothes police officers? Any resistance could have led to my son’s being tasered or even shot. And if the police were to shoot him in this context— all alone in the shadows on an empty street late at night—that act would likely have been judged as a justifiable homicide. In my son’s case, it turned out that they were plainclothes police officers who failed to identify themselves until the encounter was well underway.

This example is by no means unique. My African-American brother-in-law, a white-collar professional, was driving to my house on Thanksgiving Day with his 20-something son when their car was stopped and surrounded by multiple police vehicles. The police officers immediately pointed guns at my relatives’ heads. If my brother-in-law or nephew—or one of the officers—had sneezed, there could have been a terribly tragic police shooting. After the officers looked them over and told them they could go, my relatives asked why they had been stopped. The officers hemmed and hawed for a moment before saying, “You fit the description of some robbery suspects—one was wearing a Houston Astros jersey just like the one your son is wearing.”

In reality, if my in-laws had fit the description of the robbery suspects so well, there is no way the police could have ruled them out as the robbers without searching their car. Sadly, it seems likely that the police were stopping—and presumably pointing guns at—every African-American male driver who happened by. I have heard similar stories from other African-American friends—and never from any white friend or relative.

Many have noted that stop-and-frisk practices hinder important constitutional values: the liberty to walk freely down the street; the reasonable expectation of privacy against unjustified invasion of one’s person by government officials; and the equal protection of the laws. But even the best-intentioned white writers often gloss over the actual human impacts of these encounters. Now and again, an individual white elite will have an experience that personalizes this principle of individualized suspicion.

For example, Linda Greenhouse, the Yale Law School Research Scholar and New York Times columnist, once wrote about the “unnerving” experience of being “unaccountably pulled over by a police officer” in a quiet, residential neighborhood in Washington, D.C. at night. As Greenhouse wrote, “My blood pressure goes up as I recall it years later.” Michael Powell, another New York Times columnist, learned from his two 20-something sons that they had never been stopped by police despite traveling regularly all over New York City, while eight male African-American college students told him they’d cumulatively been stopped a total of 92 times—in encounters that included rough physical treatment. Neither of these writers lacked knowledge about these issues, but their experiences obviously humanized and heightened their awareness.

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My son’s experiences aside, I can only call on one personal reference when the issue of stop- and-frisk is raised. As a graduate student in April 1981, I spent a spring break traveling around Europe. When I visited Germany, I decided to spend one afternoon walking around Communist East Berlin. I quickly found myself being stopped at every single street corner by police officers whose suspicions were undoubtedly raised by my American clothing. Because of my limited knowledge of German, every encounter involved emphatic demands and raised voices, accompanied by threatening hand-slapping gestures. While Linda Greenhouse described her one-time experience with a police officer as “unnerving,” my encounter with a Communist police state would be better described as “suffocating.” I had the sense of being helplessly trapped, aware that no matter which direction I chose to walk, I would find more police waiting for me on the next block. I often wonder whether suspicionless stop-and-frisk searches regularly force African-American males into an East Berlin-esque sense of oppression—while the rest of us go our merry ways without noticing.

I understand the necessity and inevitability of police discretion. I also understand the pressures we place on law enforcement agencies to prevent and control crime. However, stop-and-frisk practices frequently disregard the basic requirements laid out in the seminal 1968 Supreme Court case Terry v. Ohio. The Court ruled that an officer performing a stop should note “unusual conduct which leads him reasonably to conclude in light of his experience that criminal activity may be afoot and that the persons with whom he is dealing may be armed and presently dangerous.” By contrast, in their reports on stop-and-frisk encounters, contemporary New York City police officers can merely check a box that says “furtive movements” or one that implausibly just says “other.”

If we truly believe that a tax must be imposed in order to control crime, then we should all share in the burden of that tax. We should not take the easy and unfair route of imposing the tax on someone else—especially when that someone else is already overburdened. As an intellectual exercise, why don’t we envision matching the application of stop-and-frisk to the demographic composition of a city? In New York City, if officers wanted to stop-and-frisk three African- American men on their shift, they’d also have to stop-and-frisk five white women and five white men—and proportionately equivalent numbers of Latinos and Asian-Americans. Some might say, “Wait, it’s a waste of the officers’ time to impose these searches on innocent people instead of searching people who might actually be criminals.” But the evidence shows that New York City police were already imposing stop-and-frisk searches on innocent people nearly 90 percent of the time—it is just that the burden of those stops and searches was endured almost exclusively by young men of color.

Moreover, if police start stopping and frisking hundreds of thousands of white women and men in the manner they’ve been searching young men of color, they will undoubtedly issue some summonses and make some arrests. There are middle-class white people in possession of illegal guns—not to mention heroin, illegal prescription painkillers, and marijuana. The success rates may not be high. But this shouldn’t deter police officials. After all, low success rates haven’t dissuaded them from searching young men of color for contraband and firearms.

This suggestion isn’t entirely tongue-in-cheek. If police were to actually apply it, even for a short while, it would test society’s disregard for individualized suspicion and force us to think more deeply about what it means to impose stop-and-frisk on large numbers of innocent people. It is easy enough to rationalize away a “special tax” when we apply it to “them.” But how will we feel about that burden once it’s shared by all of us?

66 https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/policeoversight/conversations/messages/10454;_ylc=X3 oDMTJyMGRicWxmBF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzE0NDE0MzEyBGdycHNwSWQDMTcwNTA1O TQxOARtc2dJZAMxMDQ1NARzZWMDZnRyBHNsawNycGx5BHN0aW1lAzEzOTY0NzEyNzM- ?act=reply&messageNum=10454

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