Ballast-Mediated Introductions in Port Valdez/Prince William Sound, Alask
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Onchidoris Bilamellata Class: Gastropoda, Opisthobranchia Order: Nudibranchia Many-Gilled Onchidoris Nudibranch Family: Onchidoridae
Phylum: Mollusca Onchidoris bilamellata Class: Gastropoda, Opisthobranchia Order: Nudibranchia Many-gilled onchidoris nudibranch Family: Onchidoridae Description Papillae: Mushroom-shaped, with protruding Size: Usual length 15 mm (McDonald 1980); spicules (Fig. 3). Numerous club-like this specimen 15.5 mm long, 11 mm wide, 6 tubercles of unequal size with a slight convex mm high. Far northern and Atlantic specimens top. 10-15 spicules covered with epithelium can reach 31 mm length (Marcus 1961). project out over the surface. Spicules are Color: Translucent brownish-white with thick with blunt tips and are centrally bent, irregular dark or rusty brown splotches, sloping obliquely toward the base of the sometimes as irregular longitudinal stripes. tubercle (Kress 1981). Spicules support the Commonly a light spot between the dark body and make it unpalatable (Potts 1981). rhinophores; gills dull white, underside a dull Eggs: Type A, defined as an egg mass in white (Marcus 1961). No yellow pigment, but ribbon form, attached along the length of one some specimens without brown color (Kozloff edge, with capsules occurring throughout 1974). Cryptic coloration (Potts 1981). (Hurst 1967). With a short, stout spiral ribbon Body Shape: Doridiform: oval; slightly attached along one edge, flaring out on the broadened towards front. With a broad flat other (O’Donoghue and O’Donoghue 1922) foot, thick fleshy mantle, and conspicuous (Fig. 5); capsules have a smooth wall and double circlet of gills dorsally (Figs. 1, 2). contain 1-3 eggs; 60,000 eggs in a ribbon 4 Dorsum covered with many large round cm long (Hadfield 1963). Eggs 100µm. Eggs papillae, becoming smaller at edges. -
Diaphorodoris Luteocincta (Sars, 1870): ¿Dos “Variedades” O Especies Diferentes?
Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales Departamento de Biología Trabajo Fin de Grado Grado en Ciencias del Mar Diaphorodoris luteocincta (Sars, 1870): ¿dos “variedades” o especies diferentes? Fernando Cortés Fossati Tutores: Pr. Dr. D. Juan Lucas Cervera Currado, Pr. Dra. Dña. Marta Pola Pérez Por ada: Fotografía modificada de Marta Pola Diaphorodoris luteocincta (Sars, 1870): ¿dos “variedades” o especies diferentes? Memoria presentada por Fernando Cortés Fossati para optar al Grado de Ciencias del Mar por la Universidad de Cádiz. Fdo.: Fernando Cortés Fossati Puerto Real, 16 de Septiembre de 2016 LA PRESENTE MEMORIA DE TRABAJO FIN DE GRADO HA SIDO TUTORIZADA POR EL PR. DR. JUAN LUCAS CERVERA CURRADO, DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE CÁDIZ Y POR LA PR. DRA. MARTA POLA PÉREZ, DE LA UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE MADRID Los tutores: Fdo.: Juan Lucas Cervera Currado Fdo.: Marta Pola Pérez Puerto Real, 16 de Septiembre de 2016 ÍNDICE AGRADECIMIENTOS ...................................................................................................... 3 RESUMEN ........................................................................................................................... 7 ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................... 7 1. INTRODUCCIÓN ........................................................................................................... 9 1.1 Sobre la Biodiversidad de los “Invertebrados” en el Medio Marino ................. 9 1.2 El debate acerca de la identidad -
Down Effects of a Native Crab on a System of Native and Introduced Prey Emilyw
OPENQ ACCESS Freely available online e pLOSl- Preference Alters Consumptive Effects of Predators: Top- Down Effects of a Native Crab on a System of Native and Introduced Prey EmilyW. Grason"'', BenjaminG. Miner"' 1 WesternWashington University, Biology Department, Bellingham, Washington, United States of America,zshannon Point MarineCenter, Anacortes, Washington, UnitedStates of America Abstract Top-down effects of predators in systems depend on the rate at which predators consume prey, and on predator preferences among available prey. In invaded communities, these parameters might be difficult to predict because ecological relationships are typically evolutionarily novel. We examined feeding rates and preferences of a crab native to the Pacific Northwest, Cancer productus, among four prey items: two invasive species of oyster drill the marine whelks Urosaipinx cinerea and Ocenebra inornata! and two species of oyster Crassostrea gigas and Ostrea iurida! that are also consumed by U. cinerea and O. inornata. This system is also characterized by intraguild predation because crabs are predators of drills and compete with them for prey oysters!. When only the oysters were offered, crabs did not express a preferenceand consumedapproximately 9 juvenileoysters crab " day ". Wethen testedwhether crabs preferred adult drills of either U. cinerea or O. inornata, or juvenile oysters C. gigas!. While crabs consumed drills and oysters at approximately the same rate when only one type of prey was offered, they expressed a strong preference for juvenile oysters over drills when they were allowed to choose among the three prey items. This preference for oysters might negate the positive indirect effects that crabs have on oysters by crabs consuming drills trophic cascade! because crabs have a large negative direct effect on oysters when crabs, oysters, and drills co-occur. -
Diversity of Norwegian Sea Slugs (Nudibranchia): New Species to Norwegian Coastal Waters and New Data on Distribution of Rare Species
Fauna norvegica 2013 Vol. 32: 45-52. ISSN: 1502-4873 Diversity of Norwegian sea slugs (Nudibranchia): new species to Norwegian coastal waters and new data on distribution of rare species Jussi Evertsen1 and Torkild Bakken1 Evertsen J, Bakken T. 2013. Diversity of Norwegian sea slugs (Nudibranchia): new species to Norwegian coastal waters and new data on distribution of rare species. Fauna norvegica 32: 45-52. A total of 5 nudibranch species are reported from the Norwegian coast for the first time (Doridoxa ingolfiana, Goniodoris castanea, Onchidoris sparsa, Eubranchus rupium and Proctonotus mucro- niferus). In addition 10 species that can be considered rare in Norwegian waters are presented with new information (Lophodoris danielsseni, Onchidoris depressa, Palio nothus, Tritonia griegi, Tritonia lineata, Hero formosa, Janolus cristatus, Cumanotus beaumonti, Berghia norvegica and Calma glau- coides), in some cases with considerable changes to their distribution. These new results present an update to our previous extensive investigation of the nudibranch fauna of the Norwegian coast from 2005, which now totals 87 species. An increase in several new species to the Norwegian fauna and new records of rare species, some with considerable updates, in relatively few years results mainly from sampling effort and contributions by specialists on samples from poorly sampled areas. doi: 10.5324/fn.v31i0.1576. Received: 2012-12-02. Accepted: 2012-12-20. Published on paper and online: 2013-02-13. Keywords: Nudibranchia, Gastropoda, taxonomy, biogeography 1. Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway Corresponding author: Jussi Evertsen E-mail: [email protected] IntRODUCTION the main aims. -
Biodiversity, Habitats, Flora and Fauna
1 North East inshore Biodiversity, Habitats, Flora and Fauna - Protected Sites and Species 2 North East offshore 3 East Inshore Baseline/issues: North West Plan Areas 10 11 Baseline/issues: North East Plan Areas 1 2 4 East Offshore (Please note that the figures in brackets refer to the SA scoping database. This is • SACs: There are two SACs in the plan area – the Berwickshire and North available on the MMO website) Northumberland Coast SAC, and the Flamborough Head SAC (Biodiv_334) 5 South East inshore • Special Areas of Conservation (SACs): There are five SACs in the plan area • The Southern North Sea pSAC for harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) 6 South inshore – Solway Firth SAC, Drigg Coast SAC, Morecambe Bay SAC, Shell Flat and is currently undergoing public consultation (until 3 May 2016). Part of Lune Deep SAC and Dee Estuary SAC (Biodiv_372). The Sefton Coast the pSAC is in the offshore plan area. The pSAC stretches across the 7 South offshore SAC is a terrestrial site, mainly for designated for dune features. Although North East offshore, East inshore and offshore and South East plan areas not within the inshore marine plan area, the development of the marine plan (Biodiv_595) 8 South West inshore could affect the SAC (Biodiv_665) • SPAs: There are six SPAs in the plan area - Teesmouth and Cleveland 9 South west offshore • Special protection Areas (SPAs): There are eight SPAs in the plan area - Coast SPA, Coquet Island SPA, Lindisfarne SPA, St Abbs Head to Fast Dee Estuary SPA, Liverpool Bay SPA, Mersey Estuary SPA, Ribble and Castle SPA and the Farne Islands SPA, Flamborough Head and Bempton 10 North West inshore Alt Estuaries SPA, Mersey Narrows and North Wirral Foreshore SPA, Cliffs SPA (Biodiv_335) Morecambe Bay SPA, Duddon Estuary SPA and Upper Solway Flats and • The Northumberland Marine pSPA is currently undergoing public 11 North West offshore Marshes SPA (Biodiv_371) consultation (until 21 April 2016). -
Mitochondrial Genomes of Two Polydora
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Mitochondrial genomes of two Polydora (Spionidae) species provide further evidence that mitochondrial architecture in the Sedentaria (Annelida) is not conserved Lingtong Ye1*, Tuo Yao1, Jie Lu1, Jingzhe Jiang1 & Changming Bai2 Contrary to the early evidence, which indicated that the mitochondrial architecture in one of the two major annelida clades, Sedentaria, is relatively conserved, a handful of relatively recent studies found evidence that some species exhibit elevated rates of mitochondrial architecture evolution. We sequenced complete mitogenomes belonging to two congeneric shell-boring Spionidae species that cause considerable economic losses in the commercial marine mollusk aquaculture: Polydora brevipalpa and Polydora websteri. The two mitogenomes exhibited very similar architecture. In comparison to other sedentarians, they exhibited some standard features, including all genes encoded on the same strand, uncommon but not unique duplicated trnM gene, as well as a number of unique features. Their comparatively large size (17,673 bp) can be attributed to four non-coding regions larger than 500 bp. We identifed an unusually large (putative) overlap of 14 bases between nad2 and cox1 genes in both species. Importantly, the two species exhibited completely rearranged gene orders in comparison to all other available mitogenomes. Along with Serpulidae and Sabellidae, Polydora is the third identifed sedentarian lineage that exhibits disproportionally elevated rates of mitogenomic architecture rearrangements. Selection analyses indicate that these three lineages also exhibited relaxed purifying selection pressures. Abbreviations NCR Non-coding region PCG Protein-coding gene Metazoan mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) usually encode the set of 37 genes, comprising 2 rRNAs, 22 tRNAs, and 13 proteins, encoded on both genomic strands. -
Morphology, 18S Rrna Gene Sequence and Life History of a New Polydora Species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) from Northeastern Japan
Vol. 18: 31–45, 2013 AQUATIC BIOLOGY Published online January 23 doi: 10.3354/ab00485 Aquat Biol Morphology, 18S rRNA gene sequence and life history of a new Polydora species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) from northeastern Japan Wataru Teramoto*, Waka Sato-Okoshi, Hirokazu Abe, Goh Nishitani, Yoshinari Endo Laboratory of Biological Oceanography, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan ABSTRACT: A new species of spionid polychaete, Polydora onagawaensis, is described from mol- lusk shells in Pacific waters of northeastern Japan. Its nuclear 18S rRNA gene sequence as well as its morphology, reproductive features, life history and infestation characteristics are reported. Polydora onagawaensis sp. nov. belongs to the Polydora ciliata/websteri group and has a moder- ate size and variable black pigmentation on the palps and body. Up to 115 worms were found bor- ing in a single scallop shell from suspended cultures in Onagawa Bay, with significantly higher numbers in the right than in the left valve. Females repeatedly deposited a string of egg capsules from around October to June (seawater temperature was below 15°C). The larvae developed inside the egg capsules for 2 wk (10°C, laboratory conditions), until the 3-chaetiger stage, before being released as planktonic larvae. The main spawning occurred in December, recruitment onto the shells increased after January, and most large worms disappeared between July and October. Thus, the estimated life span is around 1.5 yr after settlement. Details on biology and gene infor- mation not only contribute to distinguishing the species from other polydorids similar in morpho- logy, but also allow control of polydorid infestation in mollusk aquaculture. -
Download English Translation of Meyer, A. 1913. Das
The Renogenital System of Puncturella noachina L. By Anna Meyer (of the Zoological Museum, University of Kasan) with 10 text figures The study of the excretory and genital organs of the lower Diotocardia is of significant interest because one can expect in this organ system (in its composition of the heart and gills, but perhaps only as traces) the same parity and symmetry as must have theoretically been present in the Urgastropod. Haller believed he actually had discovered such a paired and symmetrical composition of the aforementioned organs in the extant species Puncturella (Cemoria) noachina L. in the Family Fissurellidae. However, later studies provoked considerable controversy among the admittedly few researchers who re-examined the renogenital system of this species and the controversy remained undecided. I therefore eagerly followed the suggestion of my father, Professor Eduard Meyer, to undertake a detailed study of the renogenital system of Puncturella and to examine the claims of the earlier workers. However, before I go to the account of my observations, I wish to briefly present the results of earlier studies. The first information on the renogenital system of Puncturella comes from v. Erlanger in 1892 in his work “On the Paired Nephridia of Prosobranchs”1, where he detected the existence of two nephridia and pointed out their strongly asymmetrical development. He observed that the right organ was extraordinarily well developed and extended almost through the entire body cavity of the animal, while the left kidney was greatly reduced. Both nephridia open through separate papilla into the mantle cavity to either side of the anus; the left papilla being weakly developed and having a far smaller opening. -
OREGON ESTUARINE INVERTEBRATES an Illustrated Guide to the Common and Important Invertebrate Animals
OREGON ESTUARINE INVERTEBRATES An Illustrated Guide to the Common and Important Invertebrate Animals By Paul Rudy, Jr. Lynn Hay Rudy Oregon Institute of Marine Biology University of Oregon Charleston, Oregon 97420 Contract No. 79-111 Project Officer Jay F. Watson U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 500 N.E. Multnomah Street Portland, Oregon 97232 Performed for National Coastal Ecosystems Team Office of Biological Services Fish and Wildlife Service U.S. Department of Interior Washington, D.C. 20240 Table of Contents Introduction CNIDARIA Hydrozoa Aequorea aequorea ................................................................ 6 Obelia longissima .................................................................. 8 Polyorchis penicillatus 10 Tubularia crocea ................................................................. 12 Anthozoa Anthopleura artemisia ................................. 14 Anthopleura elegantissima .................................................. 16 Haliplanella luciae .................................................................. 18 Nematostella vectensis ......................................................... 20 Metridium senile .................................................................... 22 NEMERTEA Amphiporus imparispinosus ................................................ 24 Carinoma mutabilis ................................................................ 26 Cerebratulus californiensis .................................................. 28 Lineus ruber ......................................................................... -
Download Full Article 1.6MB .Pdf File
Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.1962.25.10 ADDITIONS TO MARINE MOLLUSCA 177 1 May 1962 ADDITIONS TO THE MARINE MOLLUSCAN FAUNA OF SOUTH EASTERN AUSTRALIA INCLUDING DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW GENUS PILLARGINELLA, SIX NEW SPECIES AND TWO SUBSPECIES. Charles J. Gabriel, Honorary Associate in Gonchology, National Museum of Victoria. Introduction. It has always been my conviction that the spasmodic and haphazard collecting so far undertaken has not exhausted the molluscan species to be found in the deeper waters of South- eastern Australia. Only two large single collections have been made; first by the vessel " Challenger " in 1874 at Station 162 off East Moncoeur Island in 38 fathoms. These collections were described in the " Challenger " reports by Rev. Boog. Watson (Gastropoda) and E. A. Smith (Pelecypoda). In the latter was included a description of a shell Thracia watsoni not since taken in Victoria though dredged by Mr. David Howlett off St. Francis Island, South Australia. In 1910 the F. I. S. " Endeavour " made a number of hauls both north and south of Gabo Island and off Cape Everard. The u results of this collecting can be found in the Endeavour " reports. T. Iredale, 1924, published the results of shore and dredging collections made by Roy Bell. Since this time continued haphazard collecting has been carried out mostly as a hobby by trawler fishermen either for their own interest or on behalf of interested friends. Although some of this material has reached the hands of competent workers, over the years the recording of new species has probably been delayed. -
Are the Traditional Medical Uses of Muricidae Molluscs Substantiated by Their Pharmacological Properties and Bioactive Compounds?
Mar. Drugs 2015, 13, 5237-5275; doi:10.3390/md13085237 OPEN ACCESS marine drugs ISSN 1660-3397 www.mdpi.com/journal/marinedrugs Review Are the Traditional Medical Uses of Muricidae Molluscs Substantiated by Their Pharmacological Properties and Bioactive Compounds? Kirsten Benkendorff 1,*, David Rudd 2, Bijayalakshmi Devi Nongmaithem 1, Lei Liu 3, Fiona Young 4,5, Vicki Edwards 4,5, Cathy Avila 6 and Catherine A. Abbott 2,5 1 Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, G.P.O. Box 157, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia; E-Mail: [email protected] 2 School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, G.P.O. Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, Australia; E-Mails: [email protected] (D.R.); [email protected] (C.A.A.) 3 Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, G.P.O. Box 157, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia; E-Mail: [email protected] 4 Medical Biotechnology, Flinders University, G.P.O. Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, Australia; E-Mails: [email protected] (F.Y.); [email protected] (V.E.) 5 Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University, G.P.O. Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, Australia 6 School of Health Science, Southern Cross University, G.P.O. Box 157, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +61-2-8201-3577. Academic Editor: Peer B. Jacobson Received: 2 July 2015 / Accepted: 7 August 2015 / Published: 18 August 2015 Abstract: Marine molluscs from the family Muricidae hold great potential for development as a source of therapeutically useful compounds. -
Proceedings of the United States National Museum
PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL 109 WMhington : 1959 No. 3412 MARINE MOLLUSCA OF POINT BARROW, ALASKA Bv Nettie MacGinitie Introduction The material upon which this study is based was collected by G. E. MacGinitie in the vicinity of Point Barrow, Alaska. His work on the invertebrates of the region (see G. E. MacGinitie, 1955j was spon- sored by contracts (N6-0NR 243-16) between the OfRce of Naval Research and the California Institute of Technology (1948) and The Johns Hopkins L^niversity (1949-1950). The writer, who served as research associate under this project, spent the. periods from July 10 to Oct. 10, 1948, and from June 1949 to August 1950 at the Arctic Research Laboratory, which is located at Point Barrow base at ap- proximately long. 156°41' W. and lat. 71°20' N. As the northernmost point in Alaska, and representing as it does a point about midway between the waters of northwest Greenland and the Kara Sea, where collections of polar fauna have been made. Point Barrow should be of particular interest to students of Arctic forms. Although the dredge hauls made during the collection of these speci- mens number in the hundreds and, compared with most "expedition standards," would be called fairly intensive, the area of the ocean ' Kerckhofl Marine Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. 473771—59 1 59 — 60 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. los bottom touched by the dredge is actually small in comparison with the total area involved in the investigation. Such dredge hauls can yield nothing comparable to what can be obtained from a mudflat at low tide, for instance.