August 12, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27953 and interest of the United States in and to labels on all foods to disclose each of their the withdrawal of foreign troops from the a tract of land located in the Fairbanks ingredients; to the Committee on Interstate Republic of Cyprus; to the committee o:n Recording District, State of Alaska, to the and Foreign Commerce. Foreign Affairs. Fairbanks North Star Borough, and for other H.R. 16393. A bill to amend the Fisher­ By Mr. BRADEMAS (for himself, Mr. purposes; to the Committee on Interior and men's Protective Act of 1967 in order to KYROS, Mr. YATRON, Mr. SARBANES, Insular Affairs. strengthen the import restrictions which Mr. BAFALIS, Mr. STUDDS, Mr. HAR­ By Mr. BUCHANAN (for himself, Mr. may be imposed to deter foreign countries RINGTON, Mr. GUDE, Mr. STARK, Mr. BURGENER, Mr. CARNEY Of Ohio, Mr. from conducting fishing operations which EILBERG, and Mr. DERWINSKI): CASEY Of Texas, Mr. CLEVELAND, Mrs. adversely affect international fishery con­ H. Con. Res. 598. Concurrent resolution ex­ COLLINS of Illinois, Mr. DINGELL, Mr. servation programs; to the Committee on pressing the sense of Congress regarding the DuNCAN, Mr. DU PoNT, Mr. EscH, Merchant Marine and Fisheries. withdrawal of foreign troops from the Repub­ Mr. EVANS of Colorado, Mr. HUBER, H.R. 16394. A bill to amend title 38, United lic of Cyprus; to the Committee on Foreign Mr. LONG of Maryland, Mr. MOAKLEY, States Code, to increase the maximum Affairs. Mr. STEIGER of Arizona, Mr. STOKES, amount of the grant payable for specially By Mr. DERWINSKI (for himself, Mr. and Mr. THONE) : adapted housing for disabled veterans; to the CRANE, and Mr. FROEHLICH): H.R. 16386. A bill to amend title 39, United committee on Veterans' Affairs. H. Res. 1308. Resolution to affirm the for­ States Code, to strengthen the regulatory H.R. 16395. A bill to amend part B of title eign policy of the United States; to the Com­ authority of the Postal Rate Commission XI of the Social Security Act to provide a mittee on Foreign Affairs. with respect to the operation of the Postal more effective administration of professional By Mr. G~AY (for himself and Mr. Service, and for other purposes; to the Com­ standards review of health care services, to JoNES of North Carolina): mittee on Post Office aRd Civil Service. expand the Professional Standards Review H. Res. 1309. Resolution relating to officers By Mr. HOSMER (for himself, Mr. Organization activity to include review of and members of the U.S. Capitol Police un­ REGuLA, Mr. JoHNSON of California., services performed by or in federally operated der the House of Representatives; to the Mr. CRONIN, Mr. RUPPE, Mr. KET­ health care institutions, and to protect the Committee on House Administration. CHUM, Mr. LUJAN, and Mr. BAU­ confidentiality of medical records; to the MAN): Committtee on Ways and Means. H.R. 16387. A bill to designate certain lands H.R. 16396. A bill to amend section 214 of MEMORIALS as wilderness, and for other purposes; to the the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 to provide Commitee on Interior and Insular Affairs. a deduction for dependent care expenses of Under clause 4 of ru1e XXII, memorials By Mr. MOAKLEY: married taxpayers who are employed part were presented and referred as follows: H.R. 16388. A bill to provide for disclosure time, or who are students, and for other pur­ 518. By the SPEAKER; Memorial of the of information by executive departments to poses; to the Committee on Ways and Means. Legislature of the State of Illinois, relative committees of Congress; to the Committee By Mr. DERWINSKI: to no-fault insurance; to the Committee on on Armed Services. H.J. Res. 1108. Joint resolution designating Interstate and Foreign Commerce. H.R." 16389. A bill to establish a National the first full week in April 1975 as National 519. Also, memorial of the House of Rep­ Commission on Supplies and Shortages; to Shoppers' Newsletter week; to the Committee resentatives of the Commonwealth of Massa­ the Committee on Banking and Currency. on the Judiciary. chusetts, relative to making recipients of H.R. 16390. A blll to amend title 44, United By Mr. BRADEMAS (for himself, Mr. supplemental security income eligible for States Code, to redesignate the National KYROS, Mr. YATRON, Mr. SARBANES, food stamps; to the Committee on Ways and Historical Publications Commission as the Mr. BAFALIS, Mr. PODELL, Mr. BROWN National Historical Publications and Records of California, Mr. RoE, Mr. WHITE­ Means. Commission, to increase the membership of HURST, Mr. ADDABBO, Mr. NIX, Mr. such Commission, and to increase the au­ ANDERSON of Illinois, Mr. FASCELL, PETITIONS, ETC. thorization of appropriations for such Com­ Mr. HINSHAW, Mr. KING, Mrs. GRASSO, mission; to the Committee on Government Mr. YOUNG of Georgia, Mr. SEIBER­ Under clause 1 of rule XXII, Operations. LING, Mr. REES, Mr. CARNEY of Ohio, 470. The SPEAKER presented a petition of H.R. 16391. A bill to create a congressional Mr. RoSENTHAL, Mr. MOLLOHAN, Mr. tfle council of the city and county of Hono­ price ombudsman; to the Committee on FisH, Mr. MOAKLEY, and Mr. MOOR­ lulu, Hawaii, relative to Federal participation House Administration. HEAD of Pennsylvania): H.R. 16392. A bill to amend the Federal H. con. Res. 597. Concurrent resolution in the costs of educating immigrants; to the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to require the expressing the sense of Congress regarding committee on Education and Labor.

EX'TENSIONS OF REMARKS degree in elementary education from Arizona INDIAN TEACHERS FOR SCHOOLS The Arizona magazine of the Arizona State University in August. At age 47 she ON RESERVATIONS Republic carried an excellent article on returned to school after 30 years, three mar­ July 28, 1974, about an experimental pro­ riages, eight children and a bout with cancer. gram which appears to show some suc­ Each week, she drove 90 miles to attend HON. PAUL J. FANNIN cess. classes on the Gila River Indian Reservation. OF ARIZONA Mr. President, I believe my colleagues Mrs. rarlyle started working for the reser­ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES would be interested in reading about the vation's Headstart program as a cook. She worked as a volunteer because the program Monday, August 12, 1974 program and the remarkable determina­ tion of both those operating the program had no funds to pay her. After cooking for Mr. FANNIN. Mr. President, of all the school she worked from 2 p.m. until sun­ and the participants. I request unani­ down bunching vegetables. Eventually she the problems on our Indian reservations, mous consent that the article be printed was paid for cooking but she didn't give up one of the most perplexing is how to pro­ in the RECORD. her second job. vide a good educational system. We want There being no objection, the article "I was supporting my fam.tly alone then. a system which will provid0 Indians with was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, I got fifty dollars a week as a cook and after the education which they need to com­ as follows: taxes I got about forty-seven dollars a week. pete in and share in what is frequently A SPECIAL KIND OF TEACHER FOR THE I had to raise five boys and I guess I was too referred to as the mainstream of Ameri­ RESERVATION proud to go on welfare," she said. One of her can life. Yet we also want a system which sons, Paul Smith, is president of the Salt (By Robert Barrett) River Indian tribe. will enable Indians to maintain their rich In 115-degree heat, Mrs. Selma Elizabeth "All my children have scattered to the traditions, language, and cultural her­ Carlyle was hoeing a small canal in the sandy winds except for two," she said. Tony works itage. ground so water could reach a newly planted as a hospital orderly and her thirteen-year­ One of the major obstacles is the lack palm tree. She motioned the visitors to the old, Deke, keeps house while she's at ASU. of teachers who speak Indian languages shade of a thatched ramada in front of her "He brushes dirt under the chairs," Mrs. and understand the various cultures. An home that stands by itself off a dirt road on Carlyle said. obvious answer to this is to train Indians the reservation southwest of Laveen. Her children are the product of three mar­ "I've been here in this little shack, oh boy, riages. She dropped out of the ninth grade to become teachers, but this involves about fourteen years. I raised all my boys when she married at age 17. Her first husband unique problems because of the remote­ here. My boy (Deke) is not wild. He stays died, she divorced her second and she's sep­ ness of some reservations, because of eco­ close to home and that's the only way I get arated from her third husband. nomic barriers, and because in the past through school," she said. Mrs. Carlyle advanced from cook to teacher Indians simply have not been motivated Mrs. Carlyle ls one of 36 American Indians aide while working at the Gila Crossing Day to get a college education. scheduled to graduate with a bachelor's School. Then she entered an experimental 27954 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 12, 1974 project called the Career Opportunities Pro­ feel good that this time I'll be working with Tl'.,e caption read: "The past is only a gram (COP). It is federally funded to pro­ a certificate. I won't let it go to my head. beginning." duce Indian teachers for the schools on the I'm still the same person." "You know," he said, "they have another reservations in Arizona. It is directed at ASU She already has become a role model. She advantage over the Angla teachers. They're by Dr. John Sullivan. Mrs. Carlyle worked as said some of her neighbors cor~1e to her and receiving dual certlficatio~ •. They can teach a teacher aide during the school year but one ask her what school is llke. elementary school and they are trained in day each week she attended classes on the "I encourage them to start. They say they special education. That means they can tell reservation instead of working. The classes can't because they're twenty or t:_irty. I say who is exceptional and then give that child were held at the most central point on the I started older than that. I think they're the opportunity to advance without leaving reservation and she drove 45 miles each way ashamed to say they're going to high school. the reservation." to attend. I tell the younger ones to go to either college Mrs. Carlyle reallzed the need for special "Some drive sixty miles each way to at­ or vocational school. They sa:· yes, they'll education when her son, Tony, had problems tend the classes on the reservation," Sul­ think about it. Some do, sorr_e don't. It at South Mountain High. livan said. The students earn nine hours per depends on the family situation. My children "My nineteen-year-old had trouble with semester on the reservation and attend sum­ say, 'How 'bout that? Mom's going to get a a black teacher. In one of his classes the mer sessions on campus to accumulate twelve degree.' And I'm proud," she said. teacher used him as an example of someone more each summer. They may commute to The COP at ASU began in 1970 with 60 who gets everything free, books free, tuition ASU or they may live on campus. "As a result students. It now has 51, the best retention free. My son said no, it wasn't so. It wasn't. I they can finish in four calendar years and rate of 131 COP projects around the country. worked to give him what he had. He en'tled one summer. That compares favorably with Of the 51 students at ASU, 36 will graduate up in the counseling department and they going off to college," he said. this year and the remaining 15 are expected sent him back to class. He's heavy, you know. Speaking of the Indian teachers, Sullivan to graduate next year. He walks heavy. The teacher said he said, "They will serve as a communications Sullivan said, "That {the 51 students) is stumped into class and he said no. They bridge in their communities. School is alien a track record that is unique. The dropout argued and they sent him home," Mrs. to the Indian community and they will serve rate of minority students is very high.'' He Carlyle said. as a bridge by playing at or being role models paused to light his pipe. "I'd say fifty per­ After a few weeks she took Tony back to for others." cent is almost normal and ninety is high.'' school and they met the assistant principal. Mrs. Carlyle is half Hopi and half Pima. It will be the largest group of American According to Mrs. Carlyle, Tony lost his While working as a teacher aide she found Indians ever to graduate at one time from temper when the assistant principal wouldn't the children trusted her more because she an Arizona university, Su111van said. let him explain his side of the story. Tony speaks Pima. "We have a more mature group," Sullivan quit school but plans to return. "Children in the first grade don't have said. "The ages range from twenty-two or "Maybe I should specialize in special edu­ strong Engllsh vocabulary. I explain some­ three to fifty-eight. We weren't taking kids cation because they need more understanding thing in Pima then speak in English. This just graduated from high school. We drew people there. When we're not teaching we helps them build a strong Engllsh vocabulary from adults. At eighteen you have a lot of can see the need that teachers need instruc­ faster," she said. distractions. I know I did. But these peo­ tion, too." she said. "For example, someone was talking about ple, they know what they want and they are Mrs. Carlyle is one of the few who will be a gopher but one girl asked me what a willing to work for it. allowed to continue in a master's program. gopher was. I explained in Pima so she "They all have the initial problem of any Sullivan said the funding for COP ends in could understand, then repeated it in Eng..: adult in going back to the books as well as August, 1975 and that w111 allow her and lish. When I said the Pima word for gopher, trying to raise a family, but that is the only others to work one year on their master's she understood and added a new word to her real handicap.'' program. He hopes to get a similar project English vocabulary." Sullivan said the federal regulations state started until Title 4, Part E of the Indian As a teacher aide, she prepared lessons and that to qualify for COP the student must Education Act. If he does, Mrs. Carlyle w111 acted as a teacher. work for one of the schools fulltime. Because be able to complete her master's work and "I started with an advanced group in the school jobs only last nine months and others may enter the program. reading. I worked on one side of the Cl8j!S funding for the job is usually uncertain, "I'm scared (of the master's program)," and the teacher worked on the other. I was most of the workers are women. This has Mrs. Carlyle said. "Anything I start out I told I was a second teacher," she said proud­ caused some trouble. always start out scared. I threaten to drop ly. Sometimes the problem is simple jealousy. Last spring she began working with the out every year but I keep going. I guess if The husband resents his wife getting a bet­ cancer didn't kUl me education won't either." slower learning group, still as a teacher aide. ter education which w111 result in better pay. She realized then the value of knowing her Some resent the wife being away from the native language because she did more trans­ family. lating. Sullivan said one student's home had only "I don't know how many of them are kerosene lamps but that wasn't the prob­ WARDELL V. STANSBURY, FIRST held back because of the language barri­ lem. The children wanted to play when he BLACK CITY COUNCIL PRESIDENT er." she said. came home from classes. He played with OF HAVRE DE GRACE, MD. Most of the children speak Pima now but them and had to do his homework late at the trend is often to use English in the night. homes to the extent that some fami11es don't HON. ROBERT E. BAUMAN teach their children their language. Mrs. "One of the major problems is the lack of Carlyle feels that while English is a neces­ involvement in the schools. What we need OF MARYLAND sity, the lack of Pima is a tragedy. Her grand­ is to bind the schools and thle commtmity IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES daughter isn't being taught Pima by her together. This is particularly true on the In­ son. dian reservation," Sullivan said. "The (non­ Monday, August 12, 1974 "I tell him, don't ever deprive her of her Indian) teachers aren't indigenous to the Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, there is a Indian language. You see, younger people community. They're not native to the area. tendency to forget how much race rela­ feel if you don't teach the child Pima, they All our students have some knowledge of tions have improved in recent years, but are better off. Sometimes it is, sometimes it school, they work there. They know what it isn't. The non-speakers lose ur..derstanding is like and they all know they want to a good example of this improvement oc­ of the legends and songs of the Pima. That's teach." curred recently when the Honorable not good. Our legends are partly spoken and The turnover rates for non-Indian teach­ Wardell V. Stansbury was elected the partly sung. The fiavor is gone from the leg­ ers on the reservation is 20 to 50 percent first black city council president of ends when they're translated because they're with an average stay of two years, according Havre de Grace, Md., in my congressional a little on the risque side. to a Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) study. district. "Our legends are dying out because the The programs those teachers might start Mr. Stansbury comes from a distin­ old folks aren't speaking the lai:.~"Uage . . ." don't have continuity. There is no follow­ guished family of community leaders in She paused and frowned. "It's just not good." through. Mrs. ('!arlyle is looking forward to working Part of the difficulty is the language. The Harford County, Md., and also serves in classrooms as a teacher instead of a teach­ non-Indian teachers don't speak the lan­ as director of family services for the er aide. She almost didn't make it. From guage. The teachers don't have a choice of Maryland Department of Social Services June 4 to July 30, 1972, she was in the housing and must live in a small group of in Bel Air. Phoenix Indian Medical Center with breast apartments. And most feel there really isn't I include an article from the Record cancer. During the five weeks of cobalt ra­ much to do on a reservation. of Havre de Grace which details the diation treatment she still commuted to ASU The graduating Indians don't have to admirable career of this young man: to attend classes and work with the children remain on the reservation but Sullivan feels as a student teacher. sure they will. "Every one of the thirty-six IF You DoN'T HOPE . . . "I was working with the children and foil­ has job offerings in their own areas. That's (By Mike Norris) got my problems. I think it helped keep me where they have their home, their roots and "Wardell V. Stansbury, May 20, 1974: First going," she explained. "Teaching won't be their children. I'm sure most will stay." Black City Council President-Havre de new, so I'm not excited. I'll ha...--, more re­ He leaned back and gazed at a photograph Grace" reads a shining new plaque hanging sponsibi11ty and more money. It makes me of two Indians, one very old and one young. amldst dozens of family mementoes, athletic August 12, 1971, EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27955 trophies and other memorabiUa recalUng this incident to the Texaco Corporation, digit number and I include it in the some of the pa.st successes-and tribula­ which he said sent him a letter of apology. RECORD for the Members' information: tions-of the life-time resident of 400 But the passage of 14 years has apparently (From the Chicago Tribune, Aug. 4, 1974] Stokes St. given him a new perspective. He looks back HOW EMERGENCY NUMBER 911 SAVED WOMAN "You lose a few, but when you win one on the Texaco encounter as a "good experi­ WrrH A KNIFE AT HER THROAT you're happy. And l! you don't have hope, ence," suggesting that it was an excellent you have nothing," said the 39-year-old lesson in maintaining one's self-discipline (By Frank Zahour) Stansbury, city councilman and new city and composure. Mrs. carrie Newman, 83, sat on the edge of council president. He recalled the days since Armed with a masters degree, Stansbury her bed, her hands and feet bound, while June, 1953 when he graduated with the last began as a social worker in Philadelphia, the young man held a foot-long knife inches class to attend t.he Havre de Grace Colored where his sister Carrie Stansbury Gordon, 47 !rom her throat. Suddenly police !rom out­ High School at the corner of Alliance and lives. Shortly thereafter, he applied for the side fired two shots thru a window, wounding Stokes streets--a school whose now crum­ same work in both Elkton and Bel Air. the man; then they rushed in to her rescue. bling masonry and shattered windows are "We'd like to have you aboard," said a Minutes earlier, the intruder had appeared perhaps symbolic of the ideas and institu­ Social Services representative in Cecil at the front door of Mrs. Newman's Forest tions which began disintegrating after that County, "but the town's just not ready for a Park home. She was alone and had thought commencement 21 years ago. Negro." That was in 1963. Harford County, he looked suspicious; so she had slammed Primarily due to the influence of his late however, proved more receptive, and Stans­ the door in his face and rushed to telephone father, Clayton S. Stansbury, Sr., Stansbury bury became the first black hired by the De­ the pollee. said he abandoned his intention to go partment of Social Services. Just as he broke thru the door, she reached straight from high school into the Air "There have been no incidents," Stansbury the Forest Park pollee on the 911 emergency Force-"! was impressed with veterans"­ said, during the entire eleven years he has number. But she had had only enough time and in the fall of 1953 entered Morgan State worked in Bel Air, starting with the prepara­ to give her address before the man had torn College, to study biology and physical educa­ tion of medical certificates and moving up the phone from her hands and had ripped tion and continue an athletic cMeer which its wires !rom the wall. to his present position as director of family "I wouldn't be alive today l! it weren't for began 1n Havre de Grace. services. He also joined the Reserve Officers Train­ chat emergency number," Mrs. Newman s<.ld, Although Havre de Grace Mayor Frank J. recalllng the incident last April. She credits ing Corps at Morgan, where he found the first Hutchins said this week that he is "leaning year away from home "tough," like most new the three-digit number with helping bring toward" completing the nearly one year of the swift pollee action that probably saved college students. his current term. Stansbury as council Pres­ Going to Morgan, Stansbury continued a her life and led to the intruder's arrest. ident would automatically replace him as "Every town ought to have that number," long-standing academic tradition in his Mayor should he decide to step down to run family, which began years earlier when his Mrs. Newman said. As someone who could for another office. have been seven digits away from death, she oldest brother Marcus, attended Howard Stansbury has said that while he is inter­ University in Washington, D.C. Marcus knows that all towns do not have the three­ ested in becoming Mayor, the demands of his digit emergency line. Stansbury, now 54, is a lay minister and an work with the Harford County Department of The three-digit number in theory is easy electrical engineer at the Aberdeen Proving Social Services may preclude his taking the to remember and to dial or touch-phone as Ground. job. compared to a seven-digit figure. This would George T. Stansbury, 52, studied at Morgan "I have nothing but glorious adjectives for help cut down the time it takes a person to and Howard, interned at Freedman's Hospital Wardell," said Lehman Spry, a Havre de respond to the emergency being reported. and has since continued his medical prac­ Grace dentist, Democratic office-seeker and And since the three-digit number is re­ tice in Havre de Grace. His younger brother, long associate of the new City Council Presi­ served for emergencies, police or fire phone Russell, 49, graduated from Maryland State dent. "His only weakness," Spry continued, lines are less likely to be clogged with routine College and now teaches industrial arts at "is that he can never say 'no'. People lean calls when the cry for help comes, according the Aberdeen Middle School. on him for too much sometimes." to spokesmen !or Illinois Bell. The new City Council President ran track "Reliable, innovative-and ambitious" are More than 300 telephone systems across at Morgan-the quarter- and half-mile among the words Spry used to describe the nation, serving about 27 million persons, races---along with his brother Clayton T. Stansbury, who will be Spry's campaign man­ use the three-digit number. New York, Se­ Stansbury, 41. The latter earned his doc­ ager in the upcoming contest for the Fifth attle, Denver, Detroit, and Birmingham, Ala., torate at the University of Maryland and District seat on the Harford County Council are among them. currently heads the Department of Psychol­ member of numerous local organizations, in­ Chicago does not have the system and that ogy at Morgan State. cluding the National Association for the situation has become a point of controversy. Stansbury points with prlde to the worn Advancement of Colored People and the When two children were killed and 11 others blue and white track spikes that rest along Democratic Party, Stansbury was nurtured injured in a school van accident last week, with a host of plaques and other awards, on in the activist tradition, the most notable the city's response time to the accident was a nearby shelf. He was an All-American while example being his sister-in-law Mildred L. criticized. at Morgan. Stansbury who served on the Havre de Grace Critics such as Ald. William Singer [43d], "Lt. Stansbury conducted himself and car­ City Council during the mid-1960's. candidate for mayor, urged the city to adopt ried out hls duties in the best traditions of Stansbury still lives at 400 South Stoeks­ the 911 system. Several suburbs have used it the Artlllery and the U.S. Army. His first where a flaming cross planted by the Ku Klux successfully, critics pointed out. Chicago offi­ consideration, at all times was the welfare Klan once burned outside-with his wife, cials said the idea is being studied. of the enlisted men under his supervision," Cassie, a supervisor of nurses at Perry Point In Illlnois, a total of 10 communities use says a letter from Capt. Francis R. Beckman, Veterans Hospital; his daughter Laurie the system. Eight of them are Dllnois Bell praising Stansbury's formance in the 2nd Lynne, 7; and his niece, Shella, 8. systems and four of the eight are in the Chi­ Guided Missile Battalion--of which he was And what makes him tick? It is a credo cago area. In addition to Forest Park, 911 sys­ the only black member. handed down by his father years ago: "I'll tems are used in Evanston, Oak Park and However, the mllltary years weren't en­ never ask you to do anything, son, that I River Forest. tirely a bed of roses for the man who man­ would not do myself." "We were the first in COok County to have aged, while stationed at El Paso, to earn a it," Evanston Pollee Chief William McHugh master's degree in community relations from said. the University of Texas. The brushes with If the city does approve a 911 plan, there racism, may have been occasional, Stansbury probably won't be a problem learning the said, but he can recall them all. WOMAN'S LIFE SAVED BY SHORT new number, Mrs. Newman said. "It's one There was the Green Frog, a night club EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBER number that you'll never forget," she said. in El Paso, where Stansbury and his class­ mates-all white-had gone to celebrate the forthcoming graduation. It was a bitter­ HON. J. EDWARD ROUSH POSTAL SERVICE REFORM ACT OF sweet experience when Stansbury was refused OF INDIANA 1974 service, and the entire company rose and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES left their reserved seats. But the "worst experience," Stansbury Monday, August 12, 1974 HON. FRANK E. EVANS said, occurred after he finished his regular Mr. ROUSH. Mr. Speaker, many times OF COLORADO milltary obligation, but only one year before he would be re-called to serve during the before I have called attention to the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Berlin Crisis in 1960. emergency "911" telephone number Monday, August 12, 1974 "No Dogs or Niggers" read the sign hang­ which is being made available all over ing on a Texaco service station in Southern the United States through the coopera­ Mr. EVANS of Colorado. Mr. Speaker, Maryland, where Stansbury said he stopped tion of the telephone companies and today I am joining with Mr. BucHANAN of on his way home from El Paso, "Can't you Alabama and other Members in cospon­ read?" asked the attendant. local officials. I have received a news­ "Yes, but I don't consider myself either paper article vividly describing the ad­ soring the Postal Services Reform Act of one," Stansbury replied. He later recounted vantages of having this simple, three- 1974. 27956 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 12, 1974 This bill will amend the Postal Reor­ Job for years--until Lyndon Baines Johnson the Presidency-and I am sure all of us was thrust into the Presidency Nov. 22, 1963. ganization Act of 1970 by strengthening join the Banner in wishing him every Since then, the Vice President has re­ the overnight functions of the Postal success as he confronts the challenges mained close to the President, sharing views Rate Commission and the Congress over facing our Nation. in domestic issues, foreign affairs, national the Postal Service. Because of the interest of my col­ defense a.nd hundreds of issues dealt with This matter of postal reform is of vital leagues and the American people in this daily by the Chief Executive. importance to the people of my district. most important matter, I place the edi­ Mr. Ford said Thursday night he would In many instances recently mail service torial from the Banner in the RECORD continue the foreign policies of the Nixon has been curtailed, employees trans­ Administration and that Dr. Henry Kissinger herewith. will rema.in a.s secretary of state, underlin­ ferred, retired, or cut back, lives and The editorial follows: ing Mr. Ford's concern for and interest in businesses disrupted oftentimes in the TO GERALD FORD THE NATION LOOKS FOR world peace. name of increased efficiency. LEADERSHIP The nation is looking to Mr. P'ord a.c a Surveys have been conducted by the .Today Gerald R. Ford becomes the 38th healer for the country--one who understands Po~tal Service throughout my district, President in this nation's 198-year history the congressional process, the necessity of which have resulted in an areawide reor­ and the first not elected by popular vote. main ta1n1ng the American system of checks ganization of the system. He is taking the scarred reins of govern­ and balances, and one who can unite this The responses of my constituents to ment from Richard M. Nixon, the ultimate nation and its political parties for a common casualty of the Watergate scandal, in a time goal, the revitalization of a society mired in the changes thus instituted are vocal and of deep national trauma rooted in two years Watergate aftermath and political apathy. clear: We want adequate not inadequate of waning trust in the executive branch and As Vice President Ford becomes President postal service; increased postal rates culminating tragically in Mr. Nixon's resig­ Ford, we a.s a nation should pledge to him our should not result in later delivery time nation last night. cooperation, our friendship and our prayers. sometimes by hours or days; cutbacks i~ It is the fourth time in Mr. Ford's career His task is difficult at best and he above postal employees should not be made un­ that he has been given a swift, surprising most others, believes that "united we stand, til all the ramifications of such a move boost in his career as a public servant. divided we fall." have been considered in light of the com­ He rose out of the ranks of House Republi­ munities needs. cans 11 years ago in a sudden crop that in­ stalled him as chairman of the Republican It is clear that if these changes had Party caucus. CORRECTING THE RECORD ON been submitted to the Postal Rate Com­ Two years later he was vaulted into the HERBERT HOOVER mission before being implemented as party leadership post and remained there would be provided for by these amend­ until picked last Oct. 12 by Mr. Nixon as ments, and interested parties had been Spiro Agnew's replacement as vice president HON. EARL F. LANDGREBE afforded an opportunity to express their at a time Mr. Ford was considering retire­ OF INDIANA ment at the end of his House term. views on the proposals, the situation we Mr. Ford claimed then he had no further IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES find today in southern Colorado and political ambitions, but his confirmation as Monday, August 12, 1974 other areas of the country would in all this nation's 40th vice president stamped likelihood not have occurred. him clearly as a presidential prospect in Mr. LANDGREBE. Mr. Speaker, back There has been some success in getting 1976. in the year 1932, when I was just 16 years the Postal Service to reconsider their Then came Mr. Nixon's devastating ad­ of age, my father and mother kept my actions in connection with my district. mission of omission and suddenly Mr. Ford brothers, sister, and me out of school for again was being called upon by his party However, I feel this does not in any way and his country for leadership. a few hours so that we could drive to alleviate the need for the change pro­ When he announced the nomination of Woodville Junction, to greet our great vided for in these amendments. Mr. Ford for the vice presidency, Mr. Nixon Republican President seeking reelection In conclusion, I want to express on my described him as a man "qualified to be that year. colleagu~s the feeling of helplessness, President." It was a chilly, rainy, late October day frustratiOn, and anger that many of my At a commencement address at Utah State when the Presidential special rolled to cons.tituents have expressed to me. I have University in June, Mr. Ford said he would a stop on the main line of the B. & 0. received thousands of letters, telegrams, "remain my own man, fiy my own course Railroad. Only moments later, President and phone calls requesting action to and speak my own convictions" in answer Herbert Hoover and his wife appeared to criticism of his extensive traveling and rectify this situation. My cosponsoring of speaking schedule. on the platform to speak briefly to the these amendments is only one of the ways Perhaps a preview of Mr. Ford's future may sparse· group of loyal Republicans who I am responding to this plea. I want to be glimpsed with his leadership efforts and had ventured out to pay tribute to our urge each of you to support these amend­ personal campaigning, credited with being President. As the train moved slowly ments and help to return a degree of the important ingredients in bringing the away, my father and mother shed real !!leaning to the word "service" as used in Republican Party back from a crisis nearly tears, knowing full well that this great "Postal Service.'' as great as the Watergate-Agnew scandals to statesman had not one chance of being a sweeping mid-term House Republican vic­ reelected. The opposition and mischief tory in 1966 and a presidential win for the of the Democrat 72d Congress had frus­ party in 1968. Now Mr. Ford's leadership abilities will trated his programs and brought him TO PRESIDENT FORD THE NATION face their greatest test--the reuniting of a down. LOOKS FOR LEADERSHIP nation's political process ripped by rumor Now 38 years later I am privileged to and scarred by scandal held together by the place in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD the United States Constitution but divisive in following tribute to Herbert Hoover as HON. JOE L. EVINS application. published in the August 10 issue of Hu­ OF TENNESSEE The nation of which Mr. Ford assumes man Events, in recognition of the 100th IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES leadership today is one thrashing in the aiiiilversary of the birth of this great throes of infl.atlon, and other domestic Monday, August 12, 1974 American. doubts; seeking to maintain world leader­ How many years will pass before the Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, ship in efforts of peace and security; and trying hard to reestablish fat th and trust in American people realize and acknowl­ as the Nation heaves a collective sigh of government and its functions. edge the tremendous achievements made relief over the successful resolution of Thursday night Mr. Ford told the nation in their behalf by another great Repub­ the recent constitutional crisis, the peo­ in a statement from his home: lican President, Richard M. Nixon? ple turn to the new President Gerald "To work on the problems, serious ones, The article follows: R. Ford for sound and stable leadership. which we have at home, in the spirit o! co­ CORRECTING THE RECORD ON HERBERT HOOVER The Nashville Banner in a recent edi­ operation which I believe will be exhibited (By Eugene Lyons) torial pointed out that President Ford with the Congress and the new president The great majority of Americans, because hopefully will emerge as a healer, a and the new problems overseas and the prob­ they still cherish the "old-fashioned" vir­ binder of wounds, an instrument of re­ lems at home will be beneficial not only to tues and decencies now in sadly short sup­ 211 million Americans but to the world as a ply, have reason this month to commemorate vitalization of, and rededication to, the whole." the 100th birthday of a great American American system. As has been demonstrated before, the vice whose life embodied these values. Herbert President Ford has been swept by his presidency, often described as a heartbeat Clark Hoover was born on Aug. 10, 1874, in ability and the fioodtide of events into away from the Presidency, was a purely titled the Quaker hamlet of West Branch, Cedar August 12, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27957 County, Iowa, in the primitive cottage of MEETS FUTURE WIFE One of the conditions he made in accept­ Jeese Hoover, the village blacksmith, and Despite these and other economic activi­ ing the task was that he be allowed to serve Huldah, an eloquent "witness" greatly in de­ ties, and despite his self-effacing shyness, he without remuneration. From that day in mand at Quaker meetings. emerged as organizer and coordinator of all 1914 forward, Hoover never accepted a dollar He was doubly orphaned by the age of athletic and many other student enter­ for his private use from his manifold public eight, but did not lack affectionate homes prises-unpaid, on his own insistence. (He services, not even from his salaries as secre­ with relatives. Though he spent only his first was supremely fortunate, Stanford being co­ tary of commerce and then President. Asso­ 10 years in his birthplace, it was always close educational, in meeting the attractive and ciates of his new course, if they had the to his heart. He rose to the summit of his brilliant Lou Henry-majoring in geology means, followed his example, living by his profession, which was the mining of metals; like himself-whose love was to be his great­ Quaker dictum that public service is a priv­ to the pinnacle of his true vocation, which est possession forever after.) ilege, not a business. was humanitarian service; to the presidency Graduating in May 1895, with only $40 in Hugh Gibson, secretary of the American of our Republic. But always he returned, as his pocket, he took the first job he could legation in Brussels while the United States if for spiritual refreshment, to West Branch. find-as an underground "mucker" at a gold was still neutral, called the Belgian Relief And there he was laid to rest on Oct. 25, mine in the Sierras, at $2 for a 10-hour night "Without doubt the greatest humanitarian 1964, at a site he had himself selected-a shift. Before long he risked a trip to San effort in history." Greater ones were to come knoll overlooking the cottage, by then a na­ Francisco to seek work With Louis Janin, the but always led by Hoover. The Great En~ tional shrine-in which he first saw the reigning mining expert of that period. Janin gineer was replaced by the Great Humani­ light 90 years before. had no need for a fledgling geologist, but tarian. CENTENNIAL COMMITTEE hired him as typist and copyist. It was the When America entered the war, Hoover last time Hoover ever applied for a job; there­ headed up a Food Administration, so bril­ A Hoover Centennial Committee has or­ after the jobs applied for Hoover. liantly conducted that neither soldiers nor ganizd a week-long birthday celebration in Little of these humble beginnings were re­ civilians on the Allied side had to go on West Branch, climaxed by formal cere­ membered after he became President and the short rations for a single day. His agency monies on August 10. A large assemblage scapegoat for a great depression. In part this offered the largest and most successful test of admirers is expected from all parts of the public amnesia was due to the fact that, hav­ of voluntary cooperation in modern times. At country. Commemorations are also sched­ ing succeeded early and spectacularly in his the war's end it had some 8,000 full-time and uled in other places. No doubt he will be profession, he was a wealthy man (though 750,000 part-time volunteers, With only a eulogized in the press throughout the coun­ not remotely as rich as people supposed) by minuscle contingent of paid employes. Hoo­ try. Yet many survivors of the thinning the time the country at large became aware ver believed then, as he did a dozen years ranks of his close friends and associates feel of him. But chiefly it was a result of pound­ later in setting up successful relief during that the occasion merits far more attention ing propaganda linking him, falsely and with the Depression, that a paid bureaucracy is than it is getting. It is an opportunity missed, intent to defame, to such symbols of pre­ a self-perpetuating blight on any such under­ as they see it, to acquaint our children, in sumptive inequity as "Wall Street" and "eco­ taking. p.articular, with Hoover's inspiring life. nomic royalists." With the Armistice, the fOod agency was The centennial comes in an era when moral WESTERN BACKGROUND converted into the American Relief Adminis­ standards are crumbling, in a year when tration. During the war he had shocked of­ ambiguous conduct in high places, dominates Space here is too limited to deal even with ficial and even popular opinion, as he would the news. Against this background, Hoover's the highlights of Hoover's achievements and again in World War II, by trying in vain to career, for those who know it, has a special personality. relax the Allied blockade enough to allow the luster and signlftcance. To put it crudely, Physically his life was rooted in the pio­ feeding of children in enemy and enemy­ "Watergates" could not have happened in the neer West. He was destined to become the occupied countries. Now Europe was in chaos, Hoover Administration or in any of the great first President born and raised west of the ravaged by hunger, epidemics and civil dis­ enterprises in which he was engaged. Mississippi. He did not set foot east of that orders. Hoover fought for and won from the river until he was 23 and on his way to Aus­ Supreme War Council in Paris the right to Intellectual and moral integrity were the tralia, via London, to explore and manage hallmarks of his character. Hoover never once organize the salvage of life and economic re­ large gold-mining properties. Spiritually it habilitation of an entire continent-a put expediency above honesty, honor and was rooted in the soli of his God-fearing unabashed patriotism. The austerity of his colossal operation dwarfing even the Belgian Quaker forebears. He could remember few of Relief. ethical commitments both baffled and awed his mother's words, but their purport, love the moral relativists and jugglers of ex­ and charity, remained indelibly on his mind He returned home in 1919 With some idea pediency who for the most part were running of resuming private business. His instincts and spirit. for public service would not permit it. He his world. Long after he had left his profession, polit­ In Hoover's half-century of practical could and did reject offers of fabulous ·rea~th ical slander put an accent of irony on the in business, but not appeals to his con­ benevolence, from the Belgian Relief when phrase, but Herbert Hoover was in literal fact he was 40 until the last year of his life, science. Although he had been a registered a Great Engineer. Australia, China, South Republican since 1895, many Democrats too, concern for the young always held first place. Africa, Russia, Burma, wherever the old He brought tremendous gifts to hundreds of ignoring his refusal to run, pressed for his bones of his planet were picked for metals. nomination for President. Franklin D. Roose­ millions of children on all continents, in Hoover had for some 17 years directed some bread and milk and new hope. But the great­ velt wrote to Josephus Daniels, "Herbert of the work. He was basically a "doctor of sick Hoover is certainly a wonder, and I wish we est gift was the example of his own career and· mines," transforming abandoned or low-grade conscience and compassion. That is the gift could make him President. There could not mines into profit makers. be a better one." which should not be denied today to the new Far from being the "promoter" later in­ generation. vented by detractors, he constantly warned As Secretary of Commerce in the Harding Youth craves heroes to admire and emu­ the industry against the speculative booms and Coolidge Cabinets, Hoover fought an of­ late. Those of us who care must find ways to associated with mine financing. fensive against waste in economy and gov­ make young Americans aware of the true Hoover had often confided his hope of giv­ ernment, in which he scored some historic story of the 31st President. Among the tow­ ing up business for public service. When the successes. His parallel agitation for reform in ering figures of our century there are few First World War erupted in 1914, destiny banking and financing, however, was stymied whose qualities are so directly pertinent to by Congress, the business community, and their needs. In him American youth could· see caught up with him. While he was in London the passivity of Coolidge. preparing to take his wife and two sons to as in a mirror, the best in its own character From 1921 forward, Hoover repeatedly and in the national heritage. America, a delegation of Americans and Bel­ gians arrived to urge him to assume there­ urged curbs on the orgy of "cheap money" Hoover's life was a "success story" in the and speculation. They coUld lead, he warned, traditional American pattern that used to be lief of civilians in German-occupied Bel­ gium and northern France, already threaten­ to "inevitable collapse that will bring the so attractive to young people-and should be greatest calamities upon our farmers, our again. The generation that grew up to the ed by famine. DECISION MADE workers and legitimate business." The coun­ 11 Depression years, three under Hoover and try, on it get-rich-quick binge, dismissed eight under Roosevelt, was hardly allowed Because of his inside track in the race for to know that Hoover came up from poverty metals like zinc and lead, desperately needed such fears as "spoilsport" and "crepe hang­ and knew the ache of hard labor. by all belligerents, he was in an ideal posi­ ing." As the 1928 Republican convention ap­ His basic elementary schooling at a Quaker tion to make himself one of the world's proached, the forces broadly referred to as school in Newberg, Ore., endtng at 15, when he richest men. He asked the delegation for a "Wall Street," appalled by his refusal to go moved to Salem. There, except for a short few days to decide, but the decision was along with their illusions of perpetual pros­ break when he drove that town's first horse­ already made in his heart. "Well," he said perity, tried to prevent his nomin81tion. He car, he worked as an office boy in a business calmly to Wlll Irwin, a war correspondent was chosen on the first ballot, however, and started by a maternal uncle. Largely self­ then his house guest, "let fortunes go to elected by a landslide. taught, he qualified at 17 for enrollment in hell." His family sailed to America without His first chore as President was to arrest the newly founded Leland Stanford Univer­ him. Soon enough the world was witnessing the runaway stock gambling. He failed, of sity. He earned his way by organizing a cam­ a miracle of organization and emciency, not­ course. The public was being assured daily pus newspaper route, a laundry service, a co­ withstanding suspicions and obstruction that the zooming common stocks would keep operative student residence. by both the Germans and the Al11es. on zooming, and legal authority to curb the 27958 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 12, 1974 stock market rested in New York, where Gov. later, "but the election of the New Deal re­ whole world." Others have expressed the Roosevelt saw everything "in a healthy and versed the trend and perpetuated the Depres­ same insight. For nearly half a century prosperous state." sion." The climactic hurricane of fear was Hoover's historical role was as the most ef­ The disaster Hoover had cautioned against let loose by Roosevelt's refusal to disown the fective instrument of America's idealistic struck the nation eight months after his in­ reckless talk of panacea-peddlers around conscience and humane instincts. auguration. He began that long regimen of him. On July 16, 1934, the New York Times Such ls the man to whom so many unstinting exertions for which he was re­ would attest that "the change for the better throughout the free world pay homage on his warded with the infamous myth that he in the last half of 1932 is beyond dispute." centennial. He belongs to all generations. "caused" the Depression, then "did nothing" The idea that the New Deal "ended" the to mitigate its miseries. For already, months Depression is, of course, as spurious as the before the market crash, a unique smear fac­ idea that Hoover "caused" it. One still finds tory was operating in the Democratic party, some innocents shocked to learn that the H.R. • 13377 fueled with millions provided by anti-Hoover Great Depression dragged on for eight years financiers, gee.red to one job, the defamation under Roosevelt and ended only with the of a President. advent of war in Europe. The 1930s wound up HON. HENRY HELSTOSKI Far from subsiding after the victim had with some 11 million unemployed (aside OF NEW JERSEY been ousted from the White House, the def­ from millions "employed" on make-believe amation was expanded. New lies and libels work life leaf-raking) and 20 million on IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES were constantly added to the piled-up in­ relief. Mondq,y, August 5, 1974 sults. "We'll hang Herbert Hoover on a sour There was something pathologically venge­ apple tree,'' the radicals were singing gaily, ful and petty in Roosevelt's relentless perse­ Mr. HELSTOSKI. Mr. Speaker, it is a "when the revolutions comes!" cution of his predecessor. Hoover had opposed great joy to me to see that an inequity of The New Deal soon had thousands, then intervention in World War II, .but when the many years has finally been corrected by tens of thousands, of "information" person­ die was cast he immediately-pledged his loy­ this House through the passage of H.R. nel in its teeming agencies, all zealously alty. Most of Roosevelt's own official family 13377, a bill which would provide certain vilifying the ex-President. John Spargo, were among the prominent Americans who hospital and domiciliary care and medi­ liberal and Socialist, called it "the most pledged that Hoover's talents be used in the shamefully scurrilous machine for discredit­ war effort. FOR adamantly barred him from cal services to persons who served as ing a public man that this or any other na­ even a token participation. members of the Polish and Czech Armed tion has known in my time." Only after Roosevelt's death in April 1945 Forces during World War I and II and The unprecedented tragedy of Hoover's did the government's 12-year ostracism of have been citizens of the United States martyrdom, his long years 1n the valley of Hoover end. President Truman, who deeply for at least 10 years. shadows, mocked and mauled, is too immense admired him, at once invited Hoover to the I have been a sponsor of this legisla­ and complex to be treated here. Fortu­ White House. In 1946, as head of the Pres­ nately-for the country more than for the tion ever since I came to Congress in ident's Famine Emergency Commission, 1965 and this legislation was before the man-it had a happy ending: He lived to see Hoover, already in his 70s, made an epic almost complete vindication, with his amaz­ 35,000-mlle fact-finding journey through Congress long before I came as a member ing ab1llties and energies undiminished, to Europe and Asia, then another to Latin Amer­ of this honorable body. carry out more enterprises of services to the ica, as prelude to another post-war relief and I am sure that the Members of the nat10n and the world. rehabilltation program. House understood the problem quite well When Hoover announced from the White It marked the beginning of the end of and joined in passing this legislation as House that in any major economic break­ his long martyrdom. The tides of slander a just and fair action to create equity down the federal government must assume rapidly receded. In August 1957, HuMAN responsib111ty, he was establishing a new and for those people who fought in the same EvENTS published my article, "Herbert cause in the Allied Army along our u.s. audacious principle. All previous depressions Hoover: Triumph of Integrity." Actually the had been allowed to run their course. steep spiral of his revived popularity began Forces. It is my feeling that we should Spokesmen for political and economic ortho­ many years earlier. His 75th birthday, in 1949, take nothing away from these brave sol­ doxy assailed him bitterly not for the Depres­ saw a remarkable nationwide outpouring of diers that is available to our own U.S. sion but for initiating what would later be praise and affection, mixed with guilt andre­ veterans. called the New Deal. The "nothing" he did as President in­ pentance for the cruelties he had suffered. The people who this legislation will cluded memorable political and economic in­ It was repeated every August thereafter. On greatly assist are those who volunteered novations: the Reconstruction Finance Cor­ his 85th birthday, an editorial in the Satur­ to fight for the cause of freedom although poration, Mortgage Discount and Loan day Evening Post was captioned: "Herbert not required to serve. These volunteers Banks, a score more that could be listed. Hoover's Service to the Nation Shames Those trained on their own time, formed their Many others would be adopted and hailed as Who 'Smeared' Him." It was said, inevitably, that the ex-Presi­ own fighting units and went into battle. proof of New Deal wisdom by the very men The passage of this legislation gives us who had prevented their passage when Hoo­ dent had made a "comeback." Not so. It was ver first proposed them. For his job-making the country that came back and found an opportunity to express our thanks for construction projects he was denounced as a Hoover where he had always been, too se­ their willingness to fight for the ideals spendthrift. "Throw the spenders out!" was curely planted in his moral soil to be up­ of liberty so deeply cherished by all men a Democratic slogan in 1932, and Roosevelt rooted by the cyclones of abuse. and women. solemnly promised to reduce the budget by True, he had mellowed with age so that Mr. Speaker, the people who will be, "not less than 25 per cent." the American people now could see more of affected have fought bravely on our side Failure to provide federal handouts, the the warm, whimiscal Hoover always known in two different wars. They have been so-called "dole,'' would in time rank near the to his loyal friends, the very human and pro­ top among Hoover's alleged sins of hard­ foundly humane Quaker behind his austere strong allies. Today they are citizens of heartedness. Actually a hostile Congress, facade. our great country, but have unfortunate­ Gov. Roosevelt and most other Democratic More and more of his countrymen, includ­ ly, not received the same kind of vet­ leaders--virtually everyone, indeed, but a few ing outstanding New Dealers, came to think eran benefits as others who fought along­ wild men on the left-had also opposed the of him primarily not as a President, however side have received. By means of this leg­ dole, and so did the Democratic 1932 plat­ rated, but a man whose compassion reached islation we are paying proper honor to form. out to embrace all mankind. He had not their service and extending our appre­ It was continually charged that in the lived with an eye on opinion polls and in­ Hoover years millions of families were starv­ tellectual fashions. He had not patience with ciation for their contribution to the com­ ing. Had that been true, Hoover would write, those who consider it broad-minded to steer mon cause through providing these nor­ surely Roosevelt "would not have failed to a middle course between truth and falsehood. mal benefits that are rightfully due to say so during the presidential campaign. It On fundamental issues of good and evil­ these veterans. would have been the best vote-getter." But such as the challenge of communism, for in­ Now, that this legislation is before in the Democratic campaign literature one stance-his innermost commitments shielded the Veterans Committee of the Senate, finds few traces of the fairy tale of mass him from the confusions that undermined I hope that the committee, and the Sen­ starvation. the self-confidence of many free men, in­ ate itself, will .expedite its passage so Five times Hoover had turned back panic. cluding statesmen. Hoover, thank God, It finally came-in his last months, when hadn't the "fiexibllity" of a Nehru or a Nixon. that these men will finally become eligi­ the President-elect had the real power and Dr. Alvin Johnson, a ranking liberal, in an ble for the benefits provided for in this jovially refused to cooperate with the lame­ open letter to the ex-President in June 1947, legislation. These men are examples of duck incumbent. "We definitely had the declared: "Among Americans of my time you spirited individuals who were, and are Depression licked in the summer and early have been the greatest, by virtue of your ex­ yet, determined that freedom is the most autumn of 1932," Hoover would say years tending the concern of Americans for the prized possession of any people. August 12, 1974 EXTENSION-S OF REMARI(S 27959 TERRORISM AND COUNTERTER­ potential danger to the stability of the Mid­ most meaningful recognition that can RORISM IN THE MIDDLE EAST dle East. In June we witnessed further acts come to any man or woman is to have of Violence across this border. If continued, the cycle of violence could undermine the your talents and leadership ability rec­ HON. LEE H. HAMILTON progress we have already made in our Middle ognized by your peers. Such an honor OF INDIANA East peace initiative and make further ad­ has come to Bill Cockerill in his selec­ vances much more difficult. tion as the new president of the Penn­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES We have tried to contain this violence by sylvania State Council of Machinists. Monday, August 12, 1974 diplomatic means, and the relative quiet that His selection as president at the State has prevailed along the border more recently Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, the con­ convention recently held in Lancaster, shows that we have had some success. None­ Pa., came from all local district lodge tinuing cycle of terrorism and counter­ theless, we realize that this calm is precar­ terrorism in the Middle East threatens ious, and we have been examining other delegates representing more than 65,000 the structure of peace to which some means for stabilizing the situation . We rec­ !.A.M. members ir. Pennsylvania. As new States in the area have made a commit­ ognize the presence of UN peacekeeping ma­ president of the State council, Bill ment and to which the United States chinery has proven helpful in many conflict Cockerill succeeds another distinguished has committed so much prestige. situations around the world. The idea of a Pennsylvania labor leader, Arthur B. United Nations force along the border has White of Warren, Pa., who has held the One focal point of trouble in this cycle come up a number of times in recent years of violence is the Lebanese-Israel border post of president since 1947. In addition when there has been serious trouble along to his full time duties as business man­ across which Palestinian guerrillas travel the Lebanese/ Israeli border. Unfortunately, to attack sites and people in Israel and there are serious questions about the practi­ ager for !.A.M. Local 128, Bill Cockerill across which the Israel Army retaliates cal feasib111ty of this idea. One problem is also serves as a member of the Machinists and tries to destroy the bases of the that the area involved, in addition to being National Planning Committee. guerrillas. extensive, is mountainous and in many Next year, the members of District 128 places heavily wooded, so that a large force and affiliated members will host the 1975 I recently wrote the Department of would be required even to attempt to seal State expressing my concern over the State convention in Scranton. the border. Another is that such a force, if Mr. Speaker, I know all of the Mem­ deteriorating situation on the Lebanese­ effective, would be vulnerable to attack by Israel border and asked about the pos­ terrorist elements not under the control of bers of the House will want to join me in sibility of trying to station a United the Lebanese Government. In saying the congratulating Bill Cockerill upon re­ Nations force along that frontier in the foregoing, we are not ruling out the possi­ ceipt of his newest accolade. He is a good hope of trying to deter raids. bility of a UN force along the Lebanese­ friend of mine, a fine gentleman, a com­ Since the time my letter was written, Israeli border at some stage, although it is munity leader, and a champion of the not something that either side is presently cause of working men all across this things have improved along that border proposing. country. and the situation is calmer, but basic There are now thirty-five United Nations problems remain. observers along the Lebanese side of the The Department of State's reply to border. They have no police authority; their my letter describes well the intricate mandate is to report any violations of the HON! ROBERT H. MICHEL problems involved and I would like to Israeli-Lebanese Armistic Agreement of 1949, MAN IS NOT PERFECT bring the letter to the attention of my including illegal crossings by regular or ir­ colleagues. regular forces. Israel has not accepted UN observers along its side of the Lebanese OF ILLINOIS My letter to State and State's reply border. follow: Our hope is that continued progress in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAmS, Middle East negotiations toward an equit­ Monday, August 12, 1974 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, able, permanent settlement will in the end Washington, D.C., June 25,1974. resolve the problem of violence across the Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, after one Hon. HENRY A. KISSINGER, Lebanese-Israeli border. It is possible that of the most traumatic weeks in the his­ Secretary of State, these negotiations might bring about agree­ tory of our country and with the nation­ Washington, D.C. ment on an augmentation of the current al media filled with all sorts of comment DEAR MR. SECRETARY: The continuing cycle United Nations presence along the border, and speculation as to whether or not of terrorism and counter-terrorism in the but of course such a step would have to be there should be additional action against Middle East has the potential of destroying weighed very carefully and would require the former President Nixon, I was struck by the foundations of a structure of peace in agreement of the parties. the message conveyed in an editorial ap­ the region that you have worked so hard to The Secretary very much appreciates your pearing in the July 27, 1974, edition of build and Members of Congress are anxious concern, as well as that of other members ot to see this cycle curbed as soon as possible Congress, over this crucial issue. Please do the Peoria Journal Star entitled, "Man and as best we can. not hesitate to let me know if I may be of Isn't Perfect." I would like the Department of State's as­ further assistance. I insert the text of the editorial in the sessment of the idea of creating a United Cordially, RECORD and urge my colleagues to read Nations force to seal off the Lebanon-Israeli LINWOOD HOLTON, it carefully and thoughtfully: border. Assistant Secretary MAN Is NOT PERFECT I would appreciate an early response to for Congressional Relations. this matter. The greatest trouble with the visionary With best regards.' movements of this age is that they seem Sincerely yours, more and more to be based on something that LEE H. HAMILTON, MR. BILL COCKERILL is simply, utterly false. Chairman, Subcommittee on the Near If there is anything demonstrated by com­ East and South Asia. mon experience, history, and religious thought over the millenia, it is the simple DEPARTMENT OF STATE, HON. JOSEPH M. McDADE reality that man is imperfect and of very Washington, D.C., August 6, 1974. OP PENNSYLVANIA dubious perfectabllity. Hon. LEE H. HAMILTON, No logical process ever conceived w111 an­ Chairman, Subcommittee on the Near East IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ticipate perfect institutions constructed by and South Asia, Committee on Foreign Monday, August 12, 1974 imperfect men in the first place and ex­ Affairs, House of Representatives, Wash­ ecuted by other imperfect men. ington, D.C. Mr. McDADE. Mr. Speaker, for many It is beyond reason, and it can't happen. DEAR MR. CHAmMAN: The Secretary has years, Mr. Bill Cockerill has been one Yet when any imperfection occurs, we greet asked me to thank you for your letter of of nori;heastern Pennsylvania's leading it with a. kind of rage which presumes that June 25 in which you expressed concern over citizens. He has been a leader in the it ought to be perfect. That not only makes the cycle of terrorism and counter-terrorism struggle for more job opportunities, bet­ no sense, but it makes for dumber steps and 1n the Middle East and requested our assess­ ter health care, improved working condi­ actions in response than are necessary. ment of the possibility of establishing a The task of man, obviously, is not perfec­ United Nations force to seal off the Lebanese­ tions, and numerous other civic oppor­ tion and to make such our measuring stick is Israeli border. tunities. Such activity has won him the false doctrine and bad direction. You are quite right in pinpointing the admiration of all who know him in the The real task of man is to find ways to Lebanese-Israeli border as a source of serious Scranton area. However, the greatest and accomplish as much as possible with institu- 27960 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 12, 1974 tions and instruments and manpower that is from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers all the respect I am capable of that you do imperfect. Our schemes, our forms of or­ and his position as president of the not forget God or swerve from His command­ ganization, our laws and our rules have to be Mississippi River Commission. ments because of the cares and anxieties of designed to expect this imperfection and, to this world which you have to shoulder. For It has been my distinct pleasure to all who forget Him and turn away from His cope with it as effectively as possible. work with General Noble, both in my We need things that work as well as pos­ commandments (Ps. 118:21) shall be forgot­ sible even with imperfect people running capacity as a Member of Congress and ten by Him (Ez. 33:13). When the day of them and executing the details as well. as president of the Lower Mississippi death comes, all what they thought their You don't build the same kind of a ma­ Valley Flood Control Association. own will be taken away from them. The more chine to be run by a perfect person as you We are all aware of the devastating wisdom and power they enjoyed in this life, build for a fellow you know is going to make the greater the torments they will have to fiood of 1973. I think it fitting that we endure in hell. mistakes. give credit here today to the U.S. Army Indeed, you can't build the same kind of And so, my lords, this is my advice. Put Corps of Engineers and to General Noble away all worry and anxiety and receive the structure for the skilled engineer to oper­ who led last year's fiood fight. General ate in the factory as you build for the shift holy Body and Blood of our Lord Jesus Christ worker-or the housewife-to operate "in Noble's unerring decisions in this battle fervently in memory of him. See to it that against the ravages of floodwaters saved God 1s held in great reverence among your the field." It is vitally important that allowances be our Nation millions of dollars. Through subjects; every evening, at a signal given by made for our errors and ways provided to General Noble's leadership my State of a herald or in some other way, praise and work around them-and when we deny our thanks should be given to the Lord God Louisiana was spared from suffering far Almightly by all the people. If you refuse to imperfection we simply do not do that. worse than it incurred. It is self-defeating every time something see this, you can be sure that you wlll be held Yet, as magnificent as were General account for it on the day of judgment before falls short of perfection to look around in Noble's actions and deeds during the Jesus Christ, your Lord and God. frantic search for some dirty dog who vi­ perilous flooding of 1973, I believe the These who keep a copy of this letter and ciously and deliberately made the mess­ put its prescriptions into practice can rest whether it is an oil shortage or a flood condi- future will record that his greatest serv­ ice has been the paths and new directions assured that they have God's blessing. tion. Peace and blessings to all in God's Holy The first place to look is for the natural he carved for the betterment of water love. mistakes made in good conscience-usually resources throughout the Lower Missis­ while trying to solve some other problem sippi Valley. that seemed big at the time. The second thing to look at is whether From the time of his graduation from VIETNAM MISSING the remedy goes overboard based on tem­ the U.S. Military Academy at West Point porary circumstances and thus invites new in 1940 to this day, General Noble's rec­ and bigger errors to explode upon us later. ord has been one of distinction with one HON. ROBERT H. MOLLOHAN We have to build into every plan we make major accomplishment following an­ OF WEST VIRGINIA and everything we do a reasonable margin of other. His military awards include the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES error and that offends our aesthetic s~nsibili­ Distinguished Service Medal with Oak. Monday, August 12, 1974 ties. we like things to be very neat and tidy Leaf Cluster, the Legion of Merit with and complete-perfect. two Oak Leaf Clusters, the Bronze Star Mr. MOLLOHAN. Mr. Speaker, there We can achieve this in concept, in argu­ and the Army Commendation Medal. have been instances reported in the pub­ ment in theoretical exposition, in writing up lic press in which individuals running a "la~"-but the achievement is an illu­ General Noble, through his superb sion when translated into action. leadership and counsel, will leave a part for election have used the emotional It just isn't in us to be perfect. of himself and for that, we in the flood­ value of the men who still are missing in Hence, we have a good chance of producing prone Mississippi Valley will always re­ Southeast Asia in their political a "solution, for example, to the extraordinary member him. Thank you. campaign. high water in Lake Arlann at Pekin, now, The truth about the MIA problem is that will have the residents going wild 10 that our Government, to include both the years hence because the lake is drying up. administration and the Congress, is seri­ or we have a good chance of "reforming" ously concerned about our missing our political campaign practices in ways that ST. FRANCIS' LETTER will bring bigger scandals 10 years hence servicemen. This is not a political issue. than those merely suspected now. It does not divide people along partisan From one extreme to the other eternal HON. JOE MOAKLEY lines, and it must never be allowed to human capacity for honest error exists-and OF MASSACHUSETTS become a political issue. it is the first place to look when things go IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES There are 1,140 Americans who are wrong. Instead, emotionally, we look for a Monday, August 12, 1974 classified as missing in action and 1,266 "criminal" act. Meanwhile, the best and most who were killed in action whose bodies helpful institutions we are capable of creat­ Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, the Eng­ were never recovered. ing can be condemned and lost to us with lish Branch of the Third Order of St. Right now the efforts of the U.S. mili­ nothing half as good to follow if we pursue Francis located at St. Leonard's Church, tary teams in Southeast Asia to recover the course of some of our philosophic and Boston, has presented me with a copy some of our religious leaders of the day­ bodies or investigate crash sites and sus­ who insist that everything should be per­ "St. Francis' Letter to the Rulers." Miss pected burial locations have been sus­ fect and if it isn't it ought to be destroyed! Agnes Sharples, the order's prefect has pended. This is because on December 15 They aren't perfect, themselves. Whence informed me that the director, Fr. of last year the Communists murdered wlll this perfection come, then? Ubaldus DiPrizio OFM, offered a motion in cold blood, Captain Reece, a member The workable and beneficial approach to at a recent meeting that St. Francis' of an unarmed. U.S. identification team our problems has to be, "How can we do bet­ moving letter be forwarded to me for at a crash site in South Vietnam. ' ter recognizing our Umitations?" inclusion in the REcORD. We have three levers on the North And that has to be an art and not a St. Francis of Assisi laid aside both the science. Vietnamese, the Pathet Lao and the It has to ta.ke into consideration variables. riches and indeed the necessities of this Vietcong which are useful in gaining the life to more perfectly follow the example release of data on these missing men. of the Gospel. From his life comes a sim­ The first is mllitary pressure, and we ple and yet profound wisdom we would have abandoned this course of action A TRIBUTE TO MAJ. GEN. all do well to heed in these troubled as a matter of national policy. CHARLES C. NOBLE times. I am therefore honored to be able The second is public opinion. This is to join these dedicated lay people in the being used. Although not widely publi­ Third Order of St. Francis by sharing cized, I wrote a letter to Premier Phan HON. GILLIS W. LONG this letter with my colleagues: Van Dong of the Democratic Republic of OF LOUISIAN A ST. FRANCIS' LETTER TO THE RULERS Vietnam-North Vietnam-on February IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES To all Magistrates and Consuls, to all 20, 1974, urging his country and the Judges and Governors all over the world and to Monday, August 12, 1974 to everyone else who receive this letter, guerrilla forces who respond to it com­ Mr. LONG of Louisiana. Mr. Speaker, Brother Francis, your poor worthless servant ply with the agreements reached on miss­ I would like to call attention here today in the Lord God, sends greetings and peace. ing in action in the peace accords. Other to the dedicated work of Maj. Gen. Consider and realize that the day of death Members of Congress and administra­ Charles C. Noble, who will soon retire 1s approaching. I therefore beg of you with tion officials have taken similar actions. August 12, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27961 In June, the House passed a resolution nized by a single country--even its reluctant RHODESIAN CHROME AIDS GLOBE urging renewed efforts to clear up the de facto ally, South Africa-as a legitimate DURING TURMOIL ON CYPRUS sovereign state. Legally it is a colony of Great MIA issues. This legislation passed by a Britain, whose often halting efforts to effect vote of 374 to 0. There were no "sides" an orderly transition to majority rule were and no political or partisan differences. HON. JOHN H. DENT thwarted by an illegal unilateral declaration OF PENNSYLVANIA The third alternative is negotiation of independence in 1965. Nowhere is it men­ between China, the U.S.S.R., and the tioned that the African nationalist parties IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES United States to bring pressure on North for a decade prior to their banning and for Monday, August 12, 1974 many years thereafter, tried through gen­ Vietnam to stop the conflict in South­ Mr. DENT. Mr. Speaker, soon we will east Asia which is hampering resolution erally peaceful protest and petition to ef­ fect change before coming to the reluctant again be called upon to make a decision of these very serious problems. Such conclusion that violence is the only language in the area of U.N. sanctions against negotiations are a responsibility of the the white man seems to unders·tand. Nowhere products of Rhodesian origin. There are administration and involve sensitive in the article are their armed forces recog­ many charges and countercharges be­ diplomatic considerations. nized under their own term, liberation fight­ ing made in conjunction with the antici­ My purpose in making this statement ers, or even under the relatively neutral term, pated debate regarding specifically, the is to set right some misconceptions that guerrilla soldiers. Brown is not even content with the pejorative term terrorists, but re­ reimposition of an embargo on Rhode­ have been fostered on this matter and to sian chrome. attempt to take any further discussion of vels in the white Rhodesian slang phrase "terrs." I respect the moral arguments of my the missing-in-action problem out of Nowhere is it acknowledged that control of worthy opponents, the supporters of S. the political arena. the land was taken from its African occu­ 1868. The arguments are well made, but It is unconscionable for any candidate pants only in the 1890s by the same kind of they are also decidedly one-sided. I for political office to play on the fears violent warfare with which the Mricans are choose to believe that the important and hopes, particularly the hopes, of the now trying to regain it. Nowhere is mention points to be made in the chrome situation families of our military personnel who made of the continuing peaceful opposition are instead economic considerations. are missing in action in Southeast Asia. among Africans inside the country, led by the African National Council headed by The recent war on Cyprus between Nothing could be more cruel than to ex­ Bishop Abel Muzorewa. While generally sym­ Greek and Turkish forces served to un­ ploit an issue of this kind for political pathetic with the aims of the guerrillas, this derscore in a small scale the dangers in­ gain. group still seeks to flegotiate rapid peaceful herent in excluding Rhodesia from the The forces of the Congress, the ad­ change. The last effort at settlement with world chrome marketplace. Substitute ministration, and all Americans, as well Britain in 1971 produced convincing evidence Russia for Turkey in the current crisis as those of other countries, must be of the widespread popular support of the of several U.S. ferrochrome producers joined in this humanitarian effort. NAC's efforts. In short, the article reflects one perspective, that of the white European and the crisis indeed becomes much more settler within Rhodesia, representing less full blown. than 5 per cent of the population, and anyone The article follows: famUiar with the country must wonder if the (From the American Metal Market BROWN'S PERSPECTIVE ARTICLE author spoke to anyone at all from the black July 30, 1974] HARMFUL TO UNDERSTANDING 95 per cent. RHODESIAN CHROME AIDS GLOBE DURING TuR­ OF SOUTH AFRICA If Henry Kissinger, as Brown claims, does MOIL ON CYPRUS not regard Rhodesia as a "threat to world peace," that can only reflect the lack of at­ (By Jeff Wood) . tention the secretary of state has given to WASHINGTON.-The Rhodesian Govern­ HON. PATRICIA SCHROED-ER this part of the world in his preoccupation ment, currently under the threat of a re­ OF COLORADO with personal attention to the smallest de­ newed full United States economic embargo, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tails of relations with the macropowers and has come to the aid of the U.S. ferrochromi­ the Arab-Israeli conflict. um producer whose normal source of chrome Monday, August 12, 1974 In fact our government, with good reason, ore supply was interrupted by the war 1n Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, the has joined, at the recommendation of Great Cyprus. House will soon be considering S. 1868, a Britain, in just such a recognition of the Late last week Univex, the Rhodesian state gravity of Smith's Rhodesian rebel11on, and corporate which manages the country's bill to restore the United States to full voted in 1967 to apply mandatory U.N. sanc­ chrome properties, made an exception to its compliance with United Nations sanc­ tions in an effort to bring about relatively policy of not exporting chrome ore and agreed tions against Southern Rhodesia. peaceful change. In 1971, against the advice to ship Globe Metallurgical division of Inter­ I am glad that Congress will have this of our State Department, the U.S. Congress lake, Inc., 8,000 tons of ore. opportunity to realine U.S. policy with made us the only nation in the world openly As a result of the Rhodesian action, cou­ the rest of the nations of this world in to defy this "mandatory" U.N. action when pled with help from a U.S. competitor and it passed the so called "Byrd Amendment" to an indicated restoration of the interrupted the quest for a satisfactory government the m111tary procurement bill. This amend­ in Southern Rhodesia. Our national in­ ore shipment from Turkey, Globe won't have ment permits open 1:mportation into the to halt production of high carbon ferrochro­ terest will be best served by the recogni­ United States of chrome and other products mium beginning Aug. 1 after all. tion that Rhodesia is not important to from Rhodesia, even though ample supplies "It looks like we'll be able to continue high our economy-last year only 11.2 per­ are available from other sources. carbon ferrochrome production at a curtailed cent of our chrome imports came from A new blll (S. 1868) has now passed the rate until the ore arrives and then we'll go Rhodesia-and that support of human Senate and has been reported out of the back into full production," Alfred D. Gate, rights and liberties is important for House Foreign Affairs Committee with a sub­ assistant manager, Globe Metallurgical, said stantial favorable vote that wm again put yesterday. democracy. us in compliance with our U.N. commit­ In this regard, I would like to share ments. It wm be a tragedy if, when this vote "We're thankful to all those who have with my colleagues the following comes to the full House in the next few helped, particularly the Rhodesians," Gate weeks, biased viewpoints like that of Robert added. "I think this makes a good point thoughtful letter published in the Den­ about the value of having Rhodesia as an ver Post on August 4: K. Brown are allowed to prevail, and our credib111ty with most of black Africa and alternate source of ore." BROWN'S PERSPECTIVE ARTICLE HARMFUL TO the Third World again damaged by a failure Up until late last week it appeared that UNDERSTANDING OF SOUTH AFRICA to pass this important legislation. Globe Metallurgical, which depends on Tur­ To the Denver Post: ROBERT C. Goon, key for its chrome ore supply, would have There is a great need for more background Dean, Graduate School of Interna­ to halt high carbon ferrochromium produc­ articles on Southern Africa in the U.S. press, tional Studies, University of Denver. tion. The firm was advised early last week but the article by Robert K. Brown in the EDWARD A. HAWLEY, that a ship which was to have delivered 8,000 Perspective section of The Sunday Post of Editor, Africa Today. tons oif ore to the U.S. was commandeered July 2'1 is less than helpful in this regard. GEORGE W. SHEPHERD, Jr., by the Turkish government because of the Coming as it does, when the House of Repre­ Professor, University of Denver. state of emergency caused by the conflict 1n sentatives will shortly face a crucial vote on J. LEO CEFKIN, Cyprus. U.S. compliance with U.N. sanctions against Professor, Colorado State University. Globe contacted its competitors and asked Rhodesia, it is positively harmful. BARRY M. ScHUTZ, for help and also asked for aid from the Nowhere in the article is it even mentioned Professor, Fort Lewis College. General Services Administration, but to no that the present minority government in JAMES ScARRITT, avau. The firm advised its customers it Rhodesia is a rebel government, unrecog- Professor, University of Colorado. wouldn't be able to meet its commitments. CX:X--1763-Part 21 27962 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 12, 1974 Meanwhile, Univex, which had heard about ers." Such a request is basic to the ten­ appreciate the record for integrity and the halted shipment, contacted Globe and ets of this God-fearing leader who has ability of men like Jim Farley. said it would watch the shipment held up been elevated to the Presidency. Mr. Speaker, I commend the follow­ in Turkey. Because there will be a dependence ing article to my colleagues in the Con­ Subsequently, a Globe competitor, Chrome gress. I include this article in the RECORD Mining Co., got back to the firm and agreed upon divine guidance as President Focd to furnish it with some ore until normal carries out his multifarious duties, I which reads as follows: shipments were restored. Then at the week­ have today recommended to the Presi­ JAMES A. FARLEY: ELDER STATESMAN end, the Turkish government contacted dent that he immediately proclaim aNa­ (By Joe Murphy) Globe and indioa.ted that the ship would be tional Day of Prayer so that all of our One o! the nicer tints brightening the released. citizens can participate in this act of political spectrum during recent years is the Gate said that Globe would stlll take ship­ supplication. universal admiration and affection exhibited ment on the Rhodesian ore. With the thought that many of my toward James A. Farley, a professional who Normally, the Globe executive said, an in­ colleagues would want to join me in rec­ bas been to the wars without losing his in­ terruption of one shipment of ore wouldn't tegrity or his self respect. Although he cause such disruptions in the firm's produc­ ommending a National Day of Prayer for scrupulously shuns donning the toga of an tion schedules. "Up until a year ago we al­ the benefit of the new administration, Elder Statesman, audiences, especially those ways maintained inventories of 6-12 months, I am inserting a copy of my letter to the ot a Democratic Party tinge, seem intent on but in the last year because of strong world­ President in the RECORD. I will be grate­ communicating their vast esteem for him at wide demand we've been living pretty much ful to all who support this proposal. The every opportunity. He is still much too vigor­ hand to mouth," he said. letter follows: ous to hold stlll for the wise man role, but Rhodesia, which has the world's largest re­ HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, people seem dedicated to placing him in a sources of high grade chrome ore, recently August 12, 1974. niche removed !rom the less seemly facets o! has exported very little ore. Instead it has Hon. GERALD R. FORD, public life. been refining its ore into higher value ferro­ President of the United States, The White James Aloysius Farley was born in Grassy chrome for exportation. House, Washington, D.O. Point, New York, in 1888. Jim recalls that The threatened interruption to Globe's fer­ DEAR PRESIDENT FORD: Your thoughtful, when he went to visit his father's people, in a rochrome production, though coincidental, sincere remarks at the time you were sworn town called Verplanck's Point, only a few couldn't have come at a more opportune time in as the 38th President of the United States miles away, he couldn't understand why all for opponents of the Congressional move to struck a responsive chord around the na­ the Irish there were Republicans. He said: "I repeal the current exemption for chrome tion. couldn't understand how an Irishman could from the U.S.-backed United Nations eco­ My constituents were particularly im­ be a Republican because in the community nomic sanctions of Rhodesia. pressed by your request to the people to where I was born and raised all the Catholics The House Rules Committee today is sched­ ". . . confirm you with their prayers.'' I feel were Democrats. As a matter' of fact, in uled to calendar for floor debate S. 1868, a confident, Mr. President, you are in the Grassy Point we had difficulty finding enough measure which would restore the U.S. block­ prayers of a majority of the citizens as you Republicans to man the election boards." ade of all Rhodesian imports, including take over the awesome responsibilities of the Jim says he eventually learned that a chrome. highest office in the land. Peeksklll politician was helping the Irish get U.S. specialty metals and ferroalloys inter­ Those who pr~y and seek divine guidance jobs in the loca.l brickyard and enrolling ests are expected to offer the Globe situa­ undergird the strength of America. They them in the Republican Party. As Jim says, tion as proof of their main argument against want you to succeed. They want you to heal the Irish largely voted as a bloc in the in­ cutting off Rhodesian chrome-that it would the wounds and move us out of the malaise terests o! self protection, but they also leave the U.S. with no alternate sources of which has dominated the mood of the coun­ sought the protective coloration o! the dom· chrome in emergency situations. try too long. They want to help you in ev­ inant party. "In Boston," Jim says, "they In addition to Rhodesia and Turkey the ery possible way. became Democra-ts because there were Demo­ other major U.S. source for chrome is the As you proceed toward the immediate de­ crats in Boston. But in Philadelphia politics Soviet Union, which has an exclusive supply cisions you must make to put the Ford ad­ was domiiUllted by the Republicans, and in a agreement with the Airco Alloys division of ministration on course-the selection of a large measure they became Republicans." Airco, Inc. Vice President, the solution of economic CAREER BEGINNINGS There is a substantial tonnage of high problems, the implementation of your for­ Jim began his political career by getting carbon metallurgical chrome in the national eign policy--divine guidance will be a dom­ himself elected district committeeman. Then, stockpile, but the GSA stlll needs the author­ inating force. It would appear, therefore, he wa.s elected chairman, secretary and ity from CongresS to release it. that a National Day of Prayer, immediately treasurer of the town committee, all three Passage of this and other stockpile release proclaimed, to offer thanks to God for seeing positions at once, when the other two mem­ bllls is being blocked by a House Armed Serv­ us through this crisis and for granting un­ bers of the committee were at odds and ices subcommittee which has demanded fur­ derstanding in the future, should be one of couldn't agree, he recalls. "So I started from ther White House justification for the ad­ your first proclamations. there and I was elected town clerk and ministration's proposed massive stockpile I respectfully and humbly offer this sug­ served eight years. Finally, supervisor. Went disposal plan. gestion. A National Day of Prayer at this time to the New York State Assembly one year, Meanwhile, in today's tight raw materials would be more than balm to heal the and now you know the rest of it." market, any dis:tuption to normal supply wounds; it would be the armor to protect "The rest of it" is one of America's great channels invites almost immediate scarcities. against now wounds as well. success stories: Jim became head of the New Opponents of the reimposition of the Sincerely, York State Democratic Committee in 1930, Rhodesian chrome embargo would like to LAMAR BAKER, and two years later successfully pushed the see a House vote on S. 1868 delayed. They Member of Congress. presidential nomination of Franklin Delano claim to have the votes to defeat the meas­ Roosevelt. Becoming chairman of the Nation­ ure, but fear that because of absenteeism it al Committee, Farley managed F.D.R.'s presi­ could be passed. dential campaign with equal success and S. 1868, previously approved by the Senate, THE HONORABLE JAMES ALOYSIUS landed up in the cabinet as Postmaster Gen­ was recently approved by the HouSe Foreign FARLEY-GIANT OF AMERICAN eral. He dropped out to mastermind Roose­ Relations committee. If the blll isn't de­ POLITICS velt's 1936 campaign after which he stepped bated in the House before the beginning of back into his old cabinet job. By 1940, Jim impeachment debate, action could be delayed had accumulated some presidential aspira­ until September, according to Capitol Hill HON. JOHN J. ROONEY tions of his own, and when Roosevelt decided sources. OF NEW YORK he wanted the job again, Farley dropped out of the cabinet and shed his party chairman­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ship. It took 20 years for someone else to A NATIONAL DAY OF PRAYER FOR Monday, August 12, 1974 bring to reality the dream Jim had nurtured: THE NEW ADMINISTRATION Mr. ROONEY of New York. Mr. to become the first Irish Catholic President. I count myself among the many privi­ Speaker, the July 27, 1974 issue of the leged to be a friend of Jim for quite a. few Irish Echo in New York City had a very years. Once, I wrote to him incorrectly ad­ HON. LAMAR BAKER fine article about a very good and long­ dressing his middle initial. In reply, he re­ OF TENNESSEE time friend, a man I have admired for minded me: "Joseph, my middle initial is not IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES many, many years, the Honorable James J. but A. I know James J. too, and you prob­ A. Farley. Through a long, successful, Monday, August 12, 1974 ably do too." Largely by coincidence, this and distinguished career "Big Jim" Far­ writer has many times been at affairs where Mr. BAKER. Mr. Speaker, President ley has always epitomized the best in the introduction of Jim Farley brought a Ford has asked the people of the United American politics. These are the days in heartfelt and spontaneous response. The States to "confirm him with their pray- which those of us in active politics fully standing ovation bit is the most overdone August 12, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27963 feature o! the banquet circuit, a claque of dress was delivered by Juanita Kidd Your entire lives have been lived in an era about three stands up and the rest of the Stout, judge on the Philadelphia Court of wars and rumors of wars ranging from room is ashamed not to follow suit. of Common Pleas. Judge Stout, the first the Korean confiict of 1950 to the senseless SINCERE TRIBUTE and protracted Vietnam War and the sporad­ elected Negro woman judge in the ic fighting of the Middle East. The ultimate But in the case of Big Jim the tribute United States served Rockford College in man's capacity to destroy himself, the strikes one as ema.nating from a deep desire as a trustee from 1967 to 1972. In 1966, hydrogen bomb, had its beginning in 1953, to convey the audience's high regard for the she was the recipient of the college's when some of you were infants and others man. Jane Addams Medal, awarded periodic­ were yet unborn. There is something heartening about all Your youth has protected most of you from this: A feeling of events coming full circle ally to a woman who has made a distin­ guished contribution to society through active participation in the physical violence to honor the man for his many contribu­ which has characterized the era in which you tions devoid of the snipping that marred her life and work. I found her address, have lived; however, because of your youth, the unhappy years. Deep down, I suspect Jim "It Is Not the Brains That Matter Most," you have been even more susceptible and Farley believes he has never been given well worth reading. vulnerable than older persons to the psy­ proper credit for the role he played in help­ I would like at this time to insert her ing enact President Roosevelt's New Deal into chological assaults which have resulted from law. Not too many years ago, critics dismissed remarks in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD the violence in which you have been im­ him as a "conservative." This was in the days and commend it to my colleagues: mersed. That you have come through this when one's attitude toward Soviet commu­ IT Is NOT THE BRAINS THAT MATTER MOST formative period of your life psychologically nism determined your classlftcation as a "lib­ (By Juanita Kidd Stout) unscathed and unalienated by this rapid change and discordant strife is a major eral" or a "conservative." Those who viewed This commencement speech is the last communism tolerantly and believed the U.S. achievement on which you are to be con­ lecture you are required to endure before re­ gratulated and of which, unfortunately, could accommodate itself to all things Rus­ ceiving your hard earned degree. It will be of sian automatically were designated "liberals." many of your contemporaries cannot boast. short duration. Moreover, like all graduation You have been told that your generation Others who, like Jim Farley, looked at Russia speeches, these few words ride on air of with suspicion, were branded "conservatives," is the smartest one to inhabit the earth­ fut111ty for I am confident you wm not long and that is true. You are the products of although their support of liberal welfare remember the details--and maybe not even measures had been a long standing commit­ better educated parents, better nutrition, the subject-of what is said here. Five times better medical care, better education and a ment. I have graduated, and the content of four The former Postmaster General does some higher standard of living than has been en­ speeches and even the identity of four speak­ joyed by any previous generation. As a re­ thinking about phoney liberalism. He said: ers I have long since forgotten. Oddly "Today we are engaged in a great struggle sult you rightly may lay claim to being the enough, the one I do remember is the speech smartest generation which has ever lived­ between the forces of freedom and the forces given at my very first graduation which was of totalitarianism. I hesitate to use the term to having the greatest brainpower. from the eighth grade. The theme of that For brainpower, there is no substitute. forces of democracy, just as I hesitate to use speech, which has been most helpful to me the term liberal because both terms have Knowledge is essential and excellence is a throughout my life, was repeated frequently goal much to be desired. Nevertheless, I want been distorted by callous malice so that the and with emphasis as the speaker admon­ most brutal of dictators claim to be the to leave you with just one thought which, ished us: "Don't get discouraged." That is hopefully, will be of value throughout your champions of democracy and the most in­ not my subject but it is advice worthy of tolerant of our fellowmen claim to be the recall even in the last third of the Twentieth life. That thought is derived from the words only true liberals. Let me, then, say we seek Century. of the Russian philosopher, Dostoyevski, who freedom through a democratic form of gov­ said in his novel, The Insulted and the In­ Before giving you the theme of my message jured: "It is not the brains that matter most, ernment. Many Americans have risked their today, I want to congratulate you on your lives and given their lives to keep words physical, psychological and educational sur­ but that which guides them-the character, like freedom and faith from being extin­ vival to the status of a college graduate. This the heart, generous qualities, progressive guished in a darkening world. And there are is an achievement in and of itself when you ideas." This thought I should like to illus­ others ready to take the risk. consider that the entirety of your short life­ trate with a very few examples and vignettes CANONS OF DECENCY span of some two decades has been 11 ved all of which happened within your lifetime. I'm not trying to adjust a. halo on Big through a period of rapid change, both posi­ Education has progressed from pre-1954 Jim's shiny pate, because he operated ac­ tive and negative in character; and through status, segregated in law and in fact, to post- cording to the rules of political warfare, a period of great instab111ty encompassing 1954 status, integrated in law and substan­ which can be pretty rugged at times. What some of the most violent and cataclysmic tially and increasingly integrated in fact. he has proven is that you can survive in this years known to mankind. In 1956, the Governor of Alabama stood rough game and stm abide by the canons of You were born just prior to the beginning in the doorway of the University of Alabama decency, respect for opponents and trust. of the Space Age which began in 1957 with to bar the entrance of a Negro coed who later He managed to do it, and it's a shame not the launching o! Sputnik I, and you saw was stoned and wrongfully expelled simply enough of the new breed have pondered his within a period of 12 short years the begin­ because she was a. Negro. In 1973, that same example. Now he has come into the years of ning of the Age of Moon Exploration when Governor, at that same University, crowned full recognition and his story reads very Neil A. Armstrong took "one great leap for another Negro coed as Miss Homecoming as pleasantly over the long haul. Prestige wise, mankind." You have seen a new concern for black football players scored for the mighty I would say he is ranked only by former Vice the environment born with the publication Crimson Tide. Throughout the 11 Southern President Humphrey in the Democratic Party. of Rachel Carson's Silent Spring in 1962, and States few Negro citizens were registered to Sen. Mansfield, Sen. Kennedy, Sen. Jackson you witnessed the advent of consumerism in vote before 1965, and black elected officials, and Sen. Byrd, to mention a few of the later 1965, when Ralph Nader directed our atten­ few of whom could be found anywhere before generation, have years to go before they tion to the fact that some of our sleekest 1965, now number over 2,000, many of whom accumulate the record of public service, ad­ vehicles were Unsafe at any Speed. Since you are in the South. herence to ideals and party loyalty built up entered college, America has taken a long, There was not a dearth of brains on the by Jim for more than 40 years. hard and constructive look at the rights of United States Supreme Court before Brown As I say, it's one of the nicer things I women; and you have become the first gen­ v. The Board of Education. As a matter of have seen recently, the spontaneous salute eration to vote as eighteen-year-olds. Even fact, all the Justices who decided Plessy v. of admira. tion and affection showered on since you began your senior year, America Ferguson were learned men. Neither was James A. Farley whenever people get the has become a land of shortages, real or con­ there a dearth of brains on the part o! the chance to demonstrate how they feel about trived. Governor of the State of Alabama, nor the him. During your short lifetime, explosions have administration and student body of the· occurred of knowledge, population and sub­ University when Autherine Lucy was denied cultures, some of the latter practicing com­ entrance and stoned. They all knew that IT IS NOT THE BRAINS THAT munal living and the use of narcotic and barring her entrance was a denial of equal MATTER MOST other destructive drugs. New and radical po­ protection of the law and that assault and litical forces advocating violent confronta­ battery was a crime. Even before the Voting tions, bombings, skyjackings and political Rights Act of 1965, the voting registrars un­ kidna.ppings have crossed the American derstood the Fifteenth Amendment guaran­ HON. JOHN B. ANDERSON scene. You have been awe-stricken as viol­ teed to every adult the right to vote. But it OF U..LINOIS ence has erupted in the most unexpected was not their brains which had mattered IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES places--on college campuses and at political most, but that which had guided them­ their character and heart, which were un­ Monday, August 12, 1974 conventions. You have shuddered at the charitable at best and hateful at worst; their violence which attended the Sit-Ins, Free­ qualities which were selfish and ungenerous, Mr. ANDERSON of Dlinois. Mr. dom Rides and church bombings of the early and their ideas which were provincial, un­ Speaker, this year marked the 120th and mid-60's. You have wept bitterly as the progressive and reactionary. commencement of Rockford College in assassin's bullet deprived the Nation of three You have seen the pervasion of business Rockford, Dl. The commencement ad- progressive leaders. and industry by immoral leadership. Only 27964 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 12, 1974 recently the Securities and Exchange Com­ binds them never to "seek to mislead . . . Dr. Jacqueline Verrett more recently found mission has charged the corporate leadership by any artifice or false statement of fact herself. She too is a scientist in the Food and of the nation's largest railroad not with in­ or law." In addition to the ethical stand­ Drug Administration and holds a doctorate competence but with authorizing "false and ards embodied in the lawyer's oath, these degree in biochemistry. Dr. Verrett investi­ misleading" financial statements which "im­ men also were bound by the Code of Ethics gated the toxic effects of materials involved properly inflated" the raUroad's stated earn­ for United States Government Service which in the food-processing industry by using the ings and with siphoning of millions of dol­ dictates that: "Any person in Government chick embryo technique. A large number of lars in Penn Central funds to a bank account service shall ... put loyalty to the highest the chick embryos injected with the artifi· in Liechtenstein. Similarly, insurance has moral principles and to country above loyalty cial sweetner cyclamate developed serious been shocked by the Equity Funding scandal to persons, party or Government Depart­ and grotesque deformities. For 18 months, which has resulted in the recent indictment ment." It also admonishes: "Expose corrup­ beginning in March 1968, Dr. Verrett re­ of a number of well-trained, professionally tion wherever discovered." Only belatedly has ported these disturbing findings to her competent executives for fraudulently writ­ one of the recently resigned government em­ superiors, including the Commissioner him­ ing some $2 billion worth of fictitious life ployees begun to articulate a proper sense of self. They did nothing. insurance policies, filing false death claims values. Egil Krogh, now confined in Allen­ In September 1969, Dr. Verrett was invited and selling counterfeit securities. wood Prison, wrote earlier this month: to appear on NBC-TV. When she advised her superiors of the invitation some 10 or 12 of You have seen peccadilloes in government. "I'm coming to the feeling that no mat­ them tried to dissuade her and admonished All too often, the lives of public officials have ter where one works, and regardless of the that she should say nothing of her scientific been sullied by influence peddling and pay­ sensitivity of his job, the enormity of the findings lest they lead to "undue public offs, wheeling and dealing, kick-backs and stakes involved in his decisions, or the num­ concern." bribes, conflicts of interest and cronyism, ber of people affected, he must always first -Dr. Verrett appeared on NBC-TV on Octo­ hypocrisy and credibility gaps. consider the moral question of what he is ber 1, 1969 and answered truthfully ques­ Despite his outstanding legislative record, about to do ... a person working in an tions concerning the results of her findings. one of the most brilliant members ever to sit organization has to feel free enough to be Thereafter, the Agency figuratively put her in the halls of Congress, the late Adam Clay­ unpopular, to dissent, and, perhaps to walk under "house arrest." For two weeks she was ton Powell, was eJCpelled, censured by his col­ away and leave if he can't square the orga­ allowed neither to communicate with the leagues and rejected at the polls by his con­ nization's views with his own ..." press nor to answer her office telephone. stituents for junketeering and other exploi­ Powell was, and Fortas, and that innu­ Seventeen days after her television appear­ tation of his official position. In the five years memble throng whioh euttently is making its ance, however, cyclamates were banned as that he was Chairman of the Education and exit from the executive branch of govern­ being unsafe for human consumption. In­ Labor Committee of the House of Represent­ ment, are brilliant, well-educated men, who stead of being commended as she should atives, he expedited the passage of 60 major admittedly made many positive changes in have been, Dr. Verrett was criticized by her laws from his Committee including some of American life and who, intellectually, still superiors for being unethical and over­ the most important legislation in the history had much to offer their Nation and the zealous. Of her experience, Dr. Verrett said, of America. Aid to Elementary and Secondary world. But, it was not their fertile and pro­ "Given the same circumstances, having ade­ Education, Assistance for Colleges and Uni­ ductive brains that mattered most but the quate data. in hand, if the occasion arose I versities, Manpower Development and Train­ greed of their hearts and the callousness and would not hesitate to discuss them openly." ing legislation, and legislation which in­ insensitivity with which they viewed their Lest you think I emphasize disproportion­ creased minimum wages, established the War public trust that brought them to shame, ately the candor and courage of women, con­ on Poverty, and legislation which aided the which deprived America of the continued sider the contribution of Frank Serpico, who School Lunch Program and Library services benefit of their expertise gained through was educated in police science at Brooklyn were part of his legislative output. long years of training and experience, and College and the Police Academy of New York, In 1968, you saw the resignation of a bril­ which has lessened public confidence in all and who surely was one of that City's finest liant member of the Supreme Court of the three branches of government. policemen. His unique contribution to law United States when disclosures were made Consider conversely, however, the equally enforcement did not arise from his educa­ that he had entered into a contractual rela­ brilliant Dr. Frances Oldham Kelsey and the tion, however, but from the steadfastness tionship with a foundation controlled by a situation in which she found herself a few with which he refused to participate in the disreputable person charged with crime and years ago. corruption with which the Department was that he had participated in drafting legisla­ As she performed her duties with the Food rife and in his five-year fight within the De­ tion and had acted as advisor to the Presi­ and Drug Administration, Dr. Kelsey, who is partment, and ultimately through the press dent while on the Supreme Court Bench, both a pharmacologist and a physician, re­ and the court, to expose the widespread sys­ both clearly in violation of the doctrine of ceived the application for licensing of a new tem of shakedowns, payoffs and graft within separation of powers. sleeping pill. it. He too suffered abuse and even violence Even before ascending the Supreme Court Under the Food and Drug Act which was to his person but his efforts were rewarded Bench, Abe Fortas was recognized as having then in effect, the application for a license directly by the Knapp Commission Report of one of the most precise and keen minds in to market a new drug was approved auto­ Police Corruption and a reorganization of the the legal profession. As a lawyer, one of his matically in 60 days unless the Commissioner Police Department of New York. His efforts many contributions was to establish, through of the Food and Drug Administration acted were rewarded more remotely by the same the landmark case of Gideon v. Wainwright, to prevent its sale. When the 60-day dead­ kind of investigation and exposure of police the right of indigent criminal defendants to line for action on the application presented corruption in Philadelphia and several have state appointed lawyers in all serious to Dr. Kelsey arrived, she wrote to the drug smaller cities and towns in America. Serpico criminal cases. Later, the incisive reasoning manufacturer that proof of safety of the was, in the words of Ralph Nader, a "whistle he displayed on the Supreme Oourt won for product was unsatisfactory. The manufac­ blower," one whose allegiance to society su­ turer telephoned, wrote and came to see her. perseded his allegiance to the organization's him the admiration of the Nation as per­ policies and one who had the courage to in­ haps the Court's most brilliant mind. He telephoned, wrote and went to see her form outsiders. You are witnessing currently the most superiors. He called Dr. Kelsey unreasonable Kelsey, Verrett, Serpico-their con.tr1bu­ distressing parade from government service and irresponsible and, in her own words, tions came partly because of their profes­ of brilliant, well-educated young men, and "most of the time they called me names you sional competence to be sure, but it was not a few older ones, who have been caught up could not print." An editorial in one of the their brains which mattered most but the in a whirlwind of greed, dirty tricks, perjury, trade papers said that such dilatory tactics tenacity of their character and loyalty to conspiracies, political espionage, income tax would cause a loss to the industry of millions moral principles, the courage of their con­ evasion and other crimes. There have been of dollars. As the Yuletide Season ap­ victions, the imperviousness with which they abuses of power in the improper use of proached, Dr. Kelsey was reminded by the withstood abuse because of those convictions prosecutoral discretion where Internal Rev­ manufacturer that if she did not hurry they and the priority which they placed on human enue, anti-trust and other laws have been would miss the Christmas market. values above avariciousness. used wrongfully and oppressively against Dr. Kelsey refused to hurry and as each The difference between the downfall of the those thought to be political enemies. 60-day period arrived, when inaction on her Powell-Fortas-Watergate group of public Most of these men are members of the part would have resulted in approval of the servants and the Penn Central-Equity people legal profession-a profession which pro­ drug, Dr. Kelsey wrote yet another letter in­ on the one hand and the success of the Kelsey-Serpico group on the other hand was fesses to play a major role in implementing dicating there still had been insufficient not a difference of brains· or education, of moral values in society. To these men, how­ proof of safety. For 19 long months, Dr. a.biUty or perception. It was simply a differ­ ever, the sacred words of the oath of admis­ Kelsey tenaciously refused approval of this ence in morallty; a difference in their private sion to the profession must have been empty drug. Finally, in Novemlber 1961, a German values which reflected the difference in their indeed, for they ignored that oath which physician announced that the drug which public performances. binds them not to "maintain any suit or Dr. Kelsey had withheld from the American I possess no gift of prophecy which enables proceeding which shall appear . . . to be market was the same drug which had been me to predict with any acceptable degree of unjust" and which implores them to "em­ responsible for the European epidemic of accuracy and precision the events and trends ploy . . . such means only as are consistent deformed babies. It was thalidomide. of future years. Neither have I had the priv­ with truth and honor." The oath further Consider also the circumstances in which ilege of formal training in :tuturistlcs. Those August 12, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27965 who are experts 1n the field, however, tell us grant Richard M. Nixon immunity from around the plant and consists of auto bodies, that change, which has been the hallma.rk of either State or Federal prosecution. I farm implements, industrial scrap, stamp­ your entire existence, wlll continue in greater have put this resolution before Congress ings and turnings from machine shops, etc. dimensions and at an even more accelerated, Approximately half of the scrap recycled is and often dizzying, pace. Accepting this pre­ not because I think Mr. Nixon may be junk automobile bodies, which is the equiv­ diction as true, the future before you looms found guilty of any crimes; on the con­ alent of approximately 50,000 automobile chaotic unless you chart that inevitable, trary, I think the country should be sat­ bodies recycled annually. larger and accelerated change in a positive isfied with his statement that maybe This clean air system has been installed at and constructive direction. some of his judgments were wrong, but a cost to Tennessee Forging Steel of nearly Alvin Tofll.er, an authority on the Sociology that he thought he acted in the best in­ a. million dollars. of the Future, after considering the many terests of the country. This type of installation at Tennessee changes which are avalanching upon our I am introducing this resolution in the Forging Steel is especially unique, in that it heads, wrote in Future Shock that: "Every establishes a precedent for the steel indus­ society faces not merely a succession of prob­ spirit of Mr. Nixon's speech announcing try for a clean air service contract. In effect, able futures, but an array of possible futures, his resignation, and that is what is in the the manufacturer of the clean air equipment and a confUct over preferable futures." country's best interest. Mr. Nixon's deci­ has been contracted to operate and maintain You, as members of the educated elite, sion was the first step in putting this the equipment over an extended period of have the responsibllity of continually choos­ tragedy behind us, and I think Congress time, and has guaranteed to Tennessee ing !rom the probable and possible futures should take the second step by formally Forging Steel clean air for the steel plant in the preferable ones. You will determine ending any further dispute or deadlock. compliance with all local, state and federal whether the future 1s one of hope or of hope­ I cannot overemphasize my concern laws. The Tennessee Forging Steel installa­ lessness, of confidence or lack thereof, of tions are the first such contracts in the steel public morality or immorality, for you wm about the divisive effects any further de­ industry and, although more expensive, are, be the policymakers, who wm sit in the bate would have on American life. in the opinion of Tennessee Forging man­ seats of power in governmental and non­ In conclusion, now is not the time for agement, the most sensible direction to fol­ governmental institutions. You w111 occupy petty jealousies and useless revenge. I low in assuring its employees and surround­ executive, legislative and judicial positions have introduced this resolution in the ing citizens of the finest possible environ­ from the precinct to the national level. You hope that it will signifly to the people ment. It is interesting to note that in the w111 participate in training the Nation's that Congress wants this case closed. event violation of a law should occur, the youth, 1n selecting its political leaders, in manufacturer of the eq•1ipment would have shaping its economic policies and in mold­ to pay any applicable fine levied against ing its social patterns. At many levels you Tennessee Forging. This, also, to the best wm determine preferences, articulate and of our knowledge, is a precedent setting ar­ implement them. In order to fashion for so­ TENNESSEE FORGING STEEL TAKES rangement. ciety and for yourself the best among all LEAD IN CLEAN Affi CONTROL Tennessee Forging has three plants in the possible futures, you must capture control steel division: Harriman, Tennessee; New­ of change, manage, direct and undergird it port; and the newly acquired Jones and with the appropriate moral qualities, for, in HON. BILL ALEXANDER McKnight Corporation in Kankakee, Illi­ Tofll.er's words: " ... change rampant, change nois. unguided and unrestrained, accelerated OF ARKANSAS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tennessee Forging also has two fabricat­ change overwhelming not only man's physi­ ing plants: Tennessee Forging Steel Serv­ cal defenses but his decisional processes­ Monday, August 12, 1974 such change is the enemy of life." ice, Inc., ln Hope, Arkansas, and Cahaba f'ou have brains enough and have acquired Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, on Steel Company, in Uniontown, Alabama. training enough to control, direct and man­ July 29, 1974, an event occurred in the The Newport plant has 250 employees with age that change in a positive and construc­ First Congressional District of Arkansas an approximate weekly payroll of $55,000. tive manner, but it will not be your brains An average of 345 tons of steel ls expected which may hold great significance as a daily in the melt shop. This amounts to ap­ which matter most in determining the direc­ model for some of the Nation's air qual­ tion or quality of that change but your proximately 9,000 tons monthly, and in the character which must be impeccably honest; ity improvement programs. On that date neighborhood of 112,000 tons annually. The your heart, which must be completely com­ the Arkansas Division of Tennessee roll1ng mill is expected to average 8,300 tons passionate and strongly courageous; your Forging Steel, a company that has shown of rolled product per month, and expected qualities which must be unselfishly gener­ its concern and compatibility with the to produce approximately 100,000 tons of ous and your ideas, which must be socially environment, dedicated a unique million finished product this year. imaginative and progressive. dollar air pollution control system at the I close with a short verse from Josiah Gil­ Newport, Ark., plant. I would like to bert Holland entitled: share with my colleagues some data con­ THE DAY'S DEMAND cerning this system: RUSSIAN AIMS IN SYRIA "God give us men! A time like this demands DATA SHEET Strong minds, great hearts, true faith, and The air pollution control system works on ready hands, the same principle as a vacuum cleaner. Two Men who the lust of office does not klll; HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN 600 H.P. motor driven fans, with a capacity OF MASSACHUSETTS Men who possess opinions and a wlli; of 264,000 cubic feet per minute, create a Men who have honor,-men who wm not lie; suction at the hood surrounding the roof IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Men who can stand before a demagogue, of the electric furnace. These fans pull the Monday, August 12, 1974 And damn his treacherous flatteries without dust laden smoke through a 96" diameter winking, duct or pipe to 14 modules or boxes which Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, I know Tall men, sun-crowned, who live above the contain 228 dacron bags (like vacuum cleaner that Members of Congress will be deeply fog bags) each. These dacron bags have a total In public duty, and in private thinking: interested in having firsthand informa­ cloth area of 75,802 square feet. The dust is For while the rabble, with their thumb-worn tion from Israel concering the massive creeds, collected in the dacron bags. Periodically, infusion of Russian arms into Syria. Their large professions and their little deeds, a shaking operation removes the dust from I append herewith a very informative Mingle in selfish strife, lo! Freedom weeps, the bags. The dust is collected and sold to a article from the July 30, 1974, issue of Wrong rules the land, and waiting Justice customer who can use this dust in his prod­ sleeps." uct. Thts dust amounts to: 8,625 pounds the Jerusalem Post. This extraordinary daily; 258,750 pounds monthly; 3,148,125 piece of journalism reveals that Premier pounds yearly. Rabin has warned that the Soviet Union IMMUNITY FOR RICHARD M. NIXON This dust comes from oxides escaping from is pouring new arms into Syria at un­ the scrap during the melting process and precedented volumes and speed. HON. W. S. (BILL) STUCKEY from grease and paint, etc., 1n the scrap. I append also an article from the Although this dust is a nuisance and a August 8 issue of the New York Times OF GEORGIA source of dirt in the environment, it is non­ toxic and is often used as an additive for which confirms the dire predictions of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Premier Rabin as reported in the Jeru­ Monday, August 12, 1974 fertilizer. Approximately 100,000 tons of iron and salem Post. The New York Times article Mr. STUCKEY. Mr. Speaker, I have steel scrap are recycled annually. The scrap indicates that Syria has received more introduced a concurrent resolution to comes principally from a 300 mile radius than $2 billion worth of modern weap- 27966 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 12, 1974 onry from the Soviet Union in the last senior official commented. "It changes much much more. We cannot afford to regard our 10 months. of what we have based our policies upon in enemy lightly and we must have confidence The Times article includes a very the past and is forcing us to come up with in our own strength, for 1f we are properly helpful graph of the relative military new ones.'' prepared then war can be avoided.'' Prior to the Soviet arms deliveries to Syria Rabin urged talks with the Arab states strengths of Syria and Egypt before and in recent months, Israel had devised strategy but not entertaining any llluslons about after the War of October 1973. on the assumption _that Egypt was the key quick results. He stressed the risks of not All officials in Israel recognize the fact to war and peace in the region. going ahead with talks were greater than t~at it is difficult to exaggerate the sig­ No Arab country had ever launched a war abstaining from them. Arms supplies must mficance for Israel of Syria's new mili­ against Israel without Egyptian participa­ be linked with diplomatic activity. tary capability. tion, the theory went, and none was thought Syria remained the most radical Arab coun­ likely to be capable of doing so in the fore­ try in its host111ty to Israel, and Lebanon These two significant articles follow: seeable future. Hence, as long as Egypt was (From the New York Times, Aug. 8, 1974] would only follow the leadership of the oth­ involved in negotiations rather than in prep­ ers. The prospect remained of talks with ISRAELIS SAY RUSSIAN ARMS GIVE SYRIA MIGHT arations for war, the prospect of serious new Egypt and Jordan. He had said in this con­ To STRIKE fighting was regarded as remote. nection on a number of occasions: "We have (By Terence Smith) Syria's new Soviet-supplied strength has to test any prospect of negotiations first and JERUSALEM, August 7 .-Syr1a has received changed all that. The Syrians now are re­ foremost with Egypt and perhaps with Jor· more than $2-b1111on worth of modern weap­ garded as capable of starting a full-scale war dan," adding: "After all, we do want a onry from the Soviet Union in the last 10 against Israel on their own. If they did so, settlement; if not full peace then at least months and is now capable of launching a they probably could expect to receive rein­ a state of no-war." full-scale war against Israel, independently forcements from Iraq and other mmtant Rabin highlighted the nuances in the Sa­ of Egypt, in the opinion of top Israeli leaders. Arab countries, as they did in the October dat-Hussein communique after their recent This new Syrian capab111ty, in the IsraeU fighting. meeting in Cairo which indicated certain 11ew, has caused a significant shift in the "If we were able to stop such a war 1n shifts away from the traditional Arab stand mllitary and political balance of power in four or five days, Egypt might be able to stay which had made for an unbridgeable gap the Middle East. out," a high Israeli official said. But 1f it went with Israel. Syria is seen here as a catalyst that re­ on longer than that, the Egyptians and pos­ The Prime Minister was anxious about the mains fundamentally hostile to Israel and sible even the Jordanians would be drawn prospect of the resurreotlon of the Arab is capable of setting off a new round of Mid­ in." eastern front. He noted Syrian President dle Eastern fighting that ultimately would In preparation for this possib111ty, Mr. Assad's switch in Hussein's favour, opting for draw in other Arab nations, such as Iraq, Peres said yesterday, Israel has embarked on the Hashemite king rather than the terrorist Egypt and possibly Jordan. a priority program to upgrade the training, leaders. As Assad favoured war rather than The massive rearmament of Syria--espe­ equipment and readiness of the Israeli diplomacy in treating with Israel, Rabin be­ cially the modernization of the Syrian Air armed forces. lieved the Syrian leader thought he could Force with two squadrons of swift MIG- He said that a new generation of officers best rely on Hussein in a future battle. 23's-is seen here as the keystone of a cal· was being promoted into key positions in the The Premier said Israel could take credit culated policy decision by the Soviet Union regular army to fill vacancies created by the for Jordan staying out of the Yom Kippur to solidify its position in the Arab world and casualties of the October war and that new War. However, he revealed, "the Americans to develop an alternative base of influence weapons systems were being introduced and told us that Jordan believes the other Arab in the region outside of Egypt. more reservists trained. The cease-fire lines countries that entered the fray benefited This sober view of new strategic realities are also being fortified with heavy fences and territorially in the disengagement talks while surrounding Israel has raised concern among forward positions linked by a new network of roads. it stayed out and lost out. They say that the leadership here about the possibility of a Jordan 1s now having second thoughts on war within six months to a year. It has In addition, several thousand key reservists have been called up in recent weeks to repair this score." prompted a series of public warnings to this The Premier said Israel must do its utmost effect during the last 10 days by Premier the weapons and vehicles damaged in Oc­ tober. To supplement its regular corps ot to avoid any moves likely to bring the east­ Yitzhak Rabin, Defense Minister Shimon ern front into being, "and we should not Peres and Lieut. Gen. Mordechai Gur, the mechanics, the army announced plans earlier this week to call up vocational training cause its formation by our own faults." In Chief of Staff. the Cairo communique, Sadat had empowered The most recent of these statements came school puplls from the lOth through 12th grades to work in m111tary repair shops dur­ Hussein to negotiate over Judea and Samar­ yesterday, when Mr. Peres asserted during a ia-a move which Rabin believed was aimed speech in Parliament that Syria was bent ing the next school year beginning in Sep· tember. at forming a unified Arab line, with Sadat upon a new war with Israel. thereby risking attacks from the terrorist "The stepped-up arms supplies, the accel· At a meeting today, General Gur, the chief of staff and representatives of the defense organizations who are his creatures. erated training of their troops, the constant Rabin pointed out that Israel faces "un­ threats, the stated deadlines-all these have ministry urged about 2,000 enlisted men to demonstrate their "volunteering spirit" by believably" bottomless Arab oil coffers. Saudi led us to express publicly what is apparent in Arabia now had a financial surplus of fact: that Syria has indeed harnessed her remaining at their technical jobs beyond the usual term of service. $17,000m. and had already granted much horses of war," he said. more in aid since the war to Egypt than the Describing the results of Soviet arms de· The combination of all these measures has brought a new tension to Israel, just ten U.S. had extended to Israel. llverles, Mr. Peres said that Syria's air force REVOLUTION was now 25 per cent stronger than it was on weeks after the signing of the troop separa­ the eve of the Arab-Israeli war last October tion agreement with Syria. Israelis who were This revolution in the post-war Middle and that the antiaircraft missile defense sys­ generally hopeful about the prospects for East situation meant that money was no tem was about 20 per cent larger. peace just two months ago seem now to re­ object when the Arabs wished to buy arms. "The Soviet Union has increased Syria's gard another round of fighting as likely If He warned of the Arab drlve to acquire po­ arsenal of heavy guns, including long-range not inevitable. litical pull through economic power in the 180-mm pieces, and supplied her with Scud "The future seems uncertain at best," an Western world by cleverly manipulated in­ ground-to-ground missiles," the Defense Israeli professor of political science observed vestment plans for their huge oil income. Minister said. earlier this week. If there was ever a time to Rabin told of Arab oil financiers having al­ The Scud 1s capable of reaching Israell get negotiations started, this is it." ready bought up complete series of U.S. population centers from Syrian territory. municipal bond issues, and reported that an [From the Jerusalem Post, July 30, 1974] A WARNING TO ARABS aide of U.S. Secretary of Treasury Simons RABIN: RUSSIAN ARMS POURING INTO SYRIA told him they were going to Jedda to per­ Mr. Peres conceded in his speech that the (By Mark Segal) suade the Saudis to invest $10,000m. in recent public statements by Israeli leaders American interests. Rabin warned that a about the Syrian build-up had been intended TEL Avrv.-Premler Yitzhak Rabin Thurs­ day warned that the Soviet Union was at race was on among Europe, the U.S. and the not only to inform the Israeli people but also Soviet Union for Arab oil money. to make the Arabs think twice about renew­ this moment pouring new arms into Syrian ing the fighting. arsenals at unprecedented volume and speed. In the face of this grim prospect, Israel Urging maximum alertness in view of likely must gird its economic loins and manpower Privately, top officials have also conceded resources. Israel must this year devote 30 that the statements are meant to underscore further Arab aggression, Rabin expressed his the urgency of Israel's requests to the United conviction that only a strong and alert Israel per cent of its GNP to defense spending, States for new arms supplies. A team of Is­ could deter the Arabs from going to war once double that of the pre-Yom Kippur War raell m111tary experts 1s in Washington work­ again. ratio. Despite the great aid extended by the ing out the details of arms deliveries that Addressing Labour Party leaders in the tJ.s. Israelis were now shouldering their were agreed upon in principle during Presi­ Moshav Movement at Belt Tabori here, the greatest burden ever. "People cannot carry dent Nixon's visit here in June. Prime Minister declared: "A future war wUl on as if nothing had changed since Yom Kip­ "It's hard to exaggerate the significance for be unlike past battles. Any future war wlll pur-I'm sorry but things are going to get Israel of Syria's new mlUtary capabllity," a be neither easy, nor short and wtll hurt tough," Mr. Rabin said. August 12, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF R£MARKS 27967 A BILL TO AUTHORIZE THE RECOM­ to have that retired pay recomputed on Mr. Speaker, on August 3, 1973, I PUTATION OF THE RETIRED PAY the basis of the rates of basic pay in ef­ introduced recomputation legislation OF MEMBERS AND FORMER MEM­ fect on the date on which the determina­ which authorized recomputation at age BERS OF THE UNIFORMED SERV­ tion of such disability is made. No mem­ 60 of the retired pay of members and ICES WHO ENTERED SERVICE BE­ ber or former member who elects to have former members of the uniformed serv­ FORE JULY 1, 1958, AND WHOSE his retired pay recomputed pursuant to ices whose retired pay is computed on RETIRED PAY IS COMPUTED ON this section is eligible to have his or her the basis of pay scales in effect prior to THE BASIS OF PAY SCALES IN EF­ retired pay recomputed under any other January 1, 1972. On April 9, 1974, I co­ FECT BEFORE THE DATE OF THE section of this act. sponsored identical legislation intro­ ENACTMENT OF THIS ACT, AND In section 4, there is a provision that duced by Representative BoB WILSON. FOR OTHER PURPOSES any member or former member of a uni­ This measure is similar to legislation formed service who was retired by rea­ previously introduced in the Senate son of physical disability and who is en­ which also was attached in the Senate HON. JOEL T. BROYHILL titled, in accordance with section 411 of as an amendment to the 1974 Military OF VIRGINIA the Career Compensation Act of 1949 Procurement Authorization Act, but was IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (63 Stat. 823), to retired pay computed deleted by the conferees in the House­ Monday, August 12, 1974 under provisions of law in effect on the Senate Conference. Similar action oc­ day before the date of enactment of such curred only recently when this same re­ Mr. BROYHILL of Virginia. Mr. act of 1949 may elect within the 1-year computation amendment was again St>eaker, I am introducing legislation period following the date of enactment struck from the annual Military Pro­ today which would authorize the recom­ of this act, to receive disability retire­ curement Authorization by the con­ putation of the retired pay of members ment pay computed under provisions of ferees. and former members of the uniformed law in effect on the date of the enact­ Mr. Speaker, for those who have services who entered service before July ment of this act, in lieu of the retired served their country honorably and 1, 1958, and whose retired pay is com­ pay to which he is otherwise entitled. faithfully and who looked upon merit puted on the basis of pay scales in effect Any member or former member of a and length of service as the primary fac­ before the date of the enactment of this uniformed service who is entitled to have tors in determining the compensation bill. his retired pay recomputed under the they would receive as retirees, it must Specifically, this bill provides that not­ first section of this act shall be entitled be discouraging and frustrating to wit­ withstanding any other provision of law, to retired pay based upon such recompu­ ness this annual spectacle of brinkman­ any member or former member of a uni­ tation effective on the first day of the ship by those opposing this issue in their formed service who is 60 years of age or first calendar month following the last-minute efforts to successfully defeat older on the date of enactment of this month in which he or she attains age recomputation. I suggest we not wait to act, is retired for reasons other than 60. Any member or former member of a witness the same cruel scenario next physical disability, and is entitled to uniformed service who is entitled to Congress, but that we face the issue on retired pay computed under the rates of make an election under section 3 or 4 its own merits now. This situation has basic pay in effect on the date of the of this act and elects to have his or her existed since the sudden suspension of enactment of this act; or who is en­ retired pay recomputed as authorized in the recomputation system in 1958 and titled to retired pay for physical dis­ such section shall be entitled to retired finally its repeal altogether in 1963. Re­ ability under title IV of the Career Com­ pay based upon such recomputation ef­ placed by a system of raises based upon pensation Act of 1949 (64 Stat. 816-825), fective on the first day of the first cal­ increases in the cost of living, the re­ or under chapter 61 of title 10, United endar month following the month in tiree now finds that in reviewing pay states Code, whose disability was finally which he or she makes such election. increases over the entire span from determined to be of permanent nature A safeguard in this bill for those who June 1, 1958 to January 1, 1974, an ever and at least 30 percent under the stand­ are entitled to retired pay for physical widening gap is developing, currently ard schedule of rating disabilities in disability provides that enactment of any 83.5 percent, between the pay received use by the Veterans' Administration at of the first three sections shall not re­ by retirees and their counterpart of the time of that determination, and duce the monthly retired pay to which equal grade and service. From this whose retired pay is computed under a member or former member of a uni­ data, it is now quite clear that the ac­ rates of basic pay in effect after Octo­ formed service was entitled on the day tions taken in 1958 and 1963 have pro­ ber 11, 1949, and before the date of the before the effective date of this act. vided a system which does not recognize enactment of this act is entitled to have Any member or former member of a merit and length of service in deter­ that retired pay recoq1puted on the basis uniformed service who is entitled t~ have mining compensation to the retiree but of the rates of basic pay in effect on the his or her retired pay recomputed under rather when he served and how success­ date of the enactment of this act. the first section of this act is entitled to fully he manipulated the retirement Section 2 of this bill specifies that not­ have that pay increased by any applica­ date. I submit that the moral obligation withstanding any other provisions of ble adjustments authorized by section of the U.S. Government dictates that law, any member or former member of a 1401a of title 10, United State-s Code, this very real inequity be corrected and uniformed service who has not attained which occur after the date of the enact­ that provisions be reinstated to protect age 60 before t{le date of the enactment ment of this act. Any member or for­ the equities of individuals adversely af­ of this act, is retired for reasons other mer member of a uniformed service who fected by these changes. In this regard, than physical disability, and is entitled is entitled to have his or her retired pay the legislation I propose today will pro­ to receive retired pay, is entitled to have computed under section 2 of this act is vide for the eventual total phase-out of that retired pay recomputed on the basis entitled to have that pay increased by recomputation by directly linking cur­ of the rates of basic pay in effect on the any applicable adjustments authorized rent active duty rates to the retired pay date on which such member attains age by section 1401a of title 10, United States of persons who entered the uniformed 60. Code, which occur after the date on services prior to July 1, 1958. I am con­ In section 3, the bill sets forth that which he or she attains age 60. Any mem­ vinced that er..actment of this legisla­ notwithstanding any other provision of ber or former member of a uniformed tion would restore the very important law, any member or former member of a service who is eligible to make an elec­ principle that our Government will uniformed service who has not attained tion under section 3 or 4 of this act and carry out its moral obligation which ex­ age 60 before the date of the enactment ists as the result of promises implied at of this act, is retired for reasons other elects to have his or her retired pay re­ the time the serviceman entered the than physical disability, is entitled tore­ computed as authorized in such section service. It must be recognized that mem­ ceive retired pay, and who, before at­ is entitled to have that pay increased by bers of the uniformed services who taining such age, is determined by the any applicable adjustments authorized started careers prior to June 1, 1958, Administrator of Veterans' Affairs, pur­ by section 1401a of title 10, United States performed under a legally guaranteed suant to chapter 11 of title 38, United Code, which occur after the date on formula but that through congressional States Code, to have a service-connected which he or she notifies the Secretary action this guarantee was reduced even disability of at least 30 percent which is concerned of his or her election to have after benefits had been fully or partly permanent in nature, is entitled to elect his or her retired pay recomputed. earned. 27968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 12, 1974 Mr. Speaker, I am aware of the heavY "Major expense items going into Missis­ before he gets home. A black liberal leaving legislative calendar confronting the sippi crop production are fertilizer, fuel and that meeting faces an even greater risk Congress. However, I submit that this chemicals for control of grass, weeds and of suffering a similar fate. insects," Arant said. Though crime has admittedly divided the Congress must make good to those who He said Mississippi Chemical Corp. at races, it has divided black unity even more. served their country so well. I strongly Yazoo City increased its price of ammonium One example of this division is the increase urge favorable consideration of this nitrate from $70 to $90 per ton July 1, yet 1n the number of blacks who have changed legislation and enactment into law at some farmers in the state had to pay as their opposition to capital punishment and the earliest possible date. high as $175 per ton for the fert111zer through now support it. independent dealers. Many blacks who favor capital punish· "Agricultural chemicals have been unavail­ ment belleve that when a person takes a life, able at any price in some areas of Missis­ justice demands that his life be taken. FARMERS REAP INFLATION'S sippi this crop season, while prices have Whether or not capital punishment deters CROP risen sharply when the products were avail­ other killings usually does not enter their able." He noted that there had been reports argument. They believe that if a k1ller is of chemical "rustling" in some areas of the executed, at least one person has been de­ HON. DAVID R. BOWEN state. terred from kUling again. OF MISSISSIPPI He said the high costs and lack of herbi­ Some citizens, black and white, base their IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cides have resulted in crops with more grass beliefs on the Bible, saying that God en­ and weeds than usual. He said farmers who dorsed capital punishment many times and Monday, August 12, 1974 were forced to resort to more hand labor that Jesus, in a parable, said that the man Mr. BOWEN. Mr. Speaker, often over­ were hit hard by the increase in the m1n1- of the house should not allow a thief to looked in the tumult of national events mum wage for agriculture from $1.30 to $1.60 enter. Those who don't rely on the Bible per hour. say some killers are so depraved that only here in Washington are the tragic events "Feed costs have especially been damaging execution can control them. "Show 'em of inflation which have been steadily to Mississippi poultry, hog and beef pro­ death!" they say. ,ravaging our middle-class families and ducers," Arant added. On the other side, those opposing capital ~working people. Of particular concern in He also pointed out that "the farm fuel punishment usually charge that most of the my home State of Mississippi is the dev­ factor is another example of questionable victims executed are black, and that racism asting effect inflation is having on our pricing practices in Mississippi. rather than justice has determined whether farmers and, because of the importance "In one area of the Delta, our farmers are or not a convicted man should live or die. of agriculture to the State, the local paying anywhere from 24 cents to 38 cents Even though blacks are the principal victims per gallon for diesel fuel for their tractors," of black criminals, most 1/lacks prefer life economics of practically every com­ Arant said. "This is a price spread that just imprisonment rather than the death sen­ munity. doesn't add up, except in excessive profits for tence, although this preference sometimes The following article by United Press somebody at the farmers' expense.'' wavers. International appeared in several news­ Because black-on-black crime seldom re­ papers recently, including the Memphis ceives the publicity that inter-racial crime Commercial Appeal, which has broad cir­ attracts, many whites believes that black criminals prefe·r white victims. Actually, by culation in the Midsouth area. SUPPORT FOR CAPITAL PUNISH­ the time a black criminal assaults a white I am anxious for my colleagues here MENT GROWS AMONG BLACKS person he has had much practice on blacks. in the Congress and other interested citi­ This attitude has caused the black victim to zens around the Nation to be aware of become ·a forgotten person who is frequently the serious economic situation facing us put in the same category as the criminal in Mississippi, which I feel is typical of HON. ROBERT J. HUBER hiinself. the crisis facing all of rural America. The OF MICHIGAN Nearly everyone agrees that blacks would IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES never have publlcly endorsed capital punish­ article reads as follows: ment had not dope become widespread and FARMERS REAP INFLATION'S CROP Monday, August 12, 1974 assault-s and murders phychotically vicious. JACKSON, Miss., August 1.-A state agricul­ Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, we have Therefore, the reduction of drug usage anti tural expert said Thursday inflation and the removal of addicts and habitual crim­ "black marketeering" were threatening to heard many arguments over the past few inals from the street would greatly undercut "swamp" Mississippi farmers. years over whether or not the death support for capital punishment. Mississippi Farm Bureau Federation Presi­ penalty should be reinstated. The Su­ Many citizens of both races feel that the dent Hugh M. Arant of Rulev1lle expressed preme Court ruling on the matter did demand for capital punishment is a reaction concern over a "wide disparity" in prices paid not specifically prohibit capital punish­ to the ineffective penal system we now have. by farmers for necessary production expense ment. Instead it pointed out that the The way justice is presently dispensed, items which he said "border on price goug­ way in which the death penalty was im­ everybody knows that a life sentence does ing and black marketeering." posed by the courts was inconsistent not necessarily m~an the convict will "Soaring farm production costs already are stay in jail for Ufe/ Famutes of victims are beyond the critical stage," he said, "made and arbitrary and that this constituted distressed to learn that a sentence of "five worse by a fioodtide of overall lnfiatlon in cruel and unusual punishment. to ten years" could mean only six months. the nation which is about to swamp Missis­ So the debate concerning capital The bitter lesson of modern justice has sippi's leading industry-agriculture." punishment continues. What is of in­ taught us that a person who k11ls in cold Arant said the problem affected all quar­ terest to me is that s,..me of those in­ blood not only can be freed, but may klll ters of the state and all agricultural enter­ dividuals who at first favored the aboli­ again-and be freed again. prises, and he predicted a "recession looms tion of the death penalty have, since the Capital punishment or not, what we need ahead for Mississippi" and other agricultural immediately is better rapport between the states if "economic factors are not put back Court decision, changed their minds. A parole board and the community. If parole in place soon." recent article in the July 14, 1974, Sun­ board members were elected otllcials respon­ He noted that state Agriculture Commis­ day Detroit News magazine tells the story sible to the community, men of violence sioner Jim Buck Ross told a Senate agri­ of how, and why, there is growing sup­ would not be routinely freed to commit cultural credit subcommittee recently that port for capital punishment among the more crimes. At present, the community many agricultural steel items have increased black people of our country. I think the thinks of members of the parole board as 100 per cent 1n price since price controls article might be of interest to those who faceless individuals who throw unrepentant were discontinued last year. are concerned about the problem of cr1m1nals back on society and assume no The farm leader also said "black market blame for their easily predictable crimes. offers" were being reported in the farm equip­ crime and punishment and I am there­ Those who favor capital punisl:lment de­ ment business, and both tractors and tires fore inserting it for their attention, as fend it against charges of racism, saying that for farm tractors were in short supply. well as the thoughtful consideration of since murders are committed mostly among "One delta farmer reported to the fed­ my colleagues: the black and poor, that is why those ex­ eration that recently a farmer in need of a SUPPORT FOR CAPrrAL PUNYSHMENT GROWS ecuted are mostly black and poor. large field tractor that lists for $19,000 re­ AMoNG BLACKS Those who oppose capital punishment say ceived a telephone call from another dealer that the rich can hire better attorneys, and offering him immediate delivery for $8,000 (By June Brown Garner) whether a convict lives or dies depends on above the list price," Arant said. Nearly everyone agrees that progress to­ how good his attorney is and how much He said a dairyman in Northeast Missis­ ward racial harmony will come a lot faster money he has. Wealthy killers, they say, are sippi reported in late July that the cost of as soon as crime is reduced. As it is now, a never executed. dairy feed was increasing while the prices white llberal leaving a meeting to increase Although most voters may not want capi­ the farmer received for grade A milk dropped. jobs for blacks may get beat up and robbed tal punishment, the mood of many people August 12, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27969 is getting tougher. Instead of immersing been largely responsible for, among other STATEMENT ON BERTIE themselves in protecting a killer's civil things, a depletion of the nation's energy INDUSTRIES rights, citizens now are more concerned with resources." 1 protecting their own lives and the lives of Last month, by a vote of 211 to 204, the their families. House of Representatives killed a piece of HON. WALTER B. JONES Citizens who see capital punishment as legislation that could have had enormous OF NORTH CAROLINA the only solution feel that criminals are implications for the future of the parking permitted to flourish because of judicial red industry and that of virtually every real IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tape. They have lost faith in the present estate-related interest. Monday, August 12, 1974 penal system, believing that it has not im­ The bill, H.R. 10294 by Rep. Morris K. Udall plemented new ideas fast enough for the (D-Ariz.), was called the "Land Use Planning Mr. JONES of North Carolina. Mr. public to feel the effect of them. Act of 1974." It would have allowed states Speaker, from time to time we hear Furthermore, citizens still can't decide to apply for $100 million in annual grants for much criticism of some of the govern­ what the purpose of the penal system really eight years to develop comprehensive land mental agencies which were created to is. Whether a prison should reform convicts use planning programs if they met certain improve the economy of some of our or merely contain them has not yet been criteria. It was supported by the NPA staff, citizens. I am sure you are aware of some clearly decided. Actually, the penal system the National Associa;tion of REALTORS, the recent criticism of the Small Business does not do either very well. Someti~es it International Council of Shopping Centers, merely holds the prisoner for a cooling off National Realty Committee, the Mortgage Administration and its activities. So, I period and then releases him. Bankers Association, American Retail Federa­ think it, therefore, appropriate to bring Other times it gives him the education tion, the National Governors Conference, Na­ to the attention of the House the suc­ public schools failed to give him or it pro­ tional League of Cities/Conference of Mayors cess story which has meant much to my vides the job training he never had. In this and the National Association of Counties. A own congressional district: area, some prisons do an excellent jdb. But similar bill had passed the Senate twice, most because there has often been no reshaping of STATEMENT ON BERTIE INDUSTRIES, recently by a vote of 64 to 21. WINDSOR, N.C. a man's moral values, what society gets back Opponents of the legislation charged that is the same old killer, only now he knows a H.R. 10294 provided for Federal control over On August 2, I had the occasion to return trade. private property. My analysis of the bill and to my district for a unique event-it was a Before endorsing or rejecting capital pun­ special ceremony to burn the bank note the concept behind it leads me to a much which had been paid off for the original loan ishment, citizens should first make the different conclusion. present penal system work. The communitt for $260,000.00 to a minority manufacturing Instead of "forcing" anything, the entirely firm, Bertie Industries, in Windsor, North has the right to be free from habitually vio­ voluntary program sets uniform criteria for lent lawbreakers, to be protected in their Carolina. the process of State land use planning. It Administrator of the U.S. Small Business homes, streets and business places against does NOT require that a specific policy come massive criminal activity. When these rights Administration, Thomas S. Kleppe, a former out of that process. Indeed, the House Inte­ colleague of ours in the House, that day are neglected or abused, the whole nation rior and Insular Affairs Committee report on and all its resources must work to restore described that after three years of successful them. the legislation states: operations and growth, Bertie Industries is In the end more emphasis should be on "In no case does H.R. 10294 permit the a good example of the potential benefits of establishing and maintaining security in Federal Government to control the use of pri­ SEA's programs for disadvantaged firms. the community rather than implementing vate or State land." With 8 (a) contracting assistance from changeable methods of dealing with killers. During debate, Rep. James G. Martin (R­ SBA, along with cooperation of the local N.C.) described the bill as a "cautiously banking community, Bertie Industries has drafed piece of legislation." He said the pro­ grown from a tiny firm to a viable manufac­ posal "should rank as a model of the New turing plant with about 150 employees. This Federalism." The bill would have granted minority owned firm has received about $5 NATIONAL LAND USE PLANNING? the states and local governments, Martin million in government contracts through the YES pointed out, the "wherewithal" to exercise 8 (a) program. authority they already have. Under the 8 (a) program, SBA serves a.s In reporting the bill, the House Commit­ prime contractor for Federal requirements HON. MORRIS K. UDALL tee found that local zoning had been uneven for supplies and services and then subcon­ or nonexistent. Martin said this was caused OF ARIZONA tracts to socially or economically disadvan­ by a "problem of jurisdiction" and a "lack taged firms. A large percentage of these are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of processes" for dealing with land use prob­ new or established firms that would have Monday, August 12, 1974 lems which had more than local impact. The had little chance to grow to the point where bill sought to correct these problems by set­ they could compete successfully without the Mr. UDALL. Mr. Speaker, on June 11 ting up methods for looking at a "bigger help of 8(a) subcontracting assistance. Com­ of this year the House rejected by a nar­ picture," Martin told the House. He said the panies operating under the program are sup­ row vote the rule to allow debate on H.R. work would be done by local govern...-nents ported by management and technical as­ 10294, the Land Use Planning Act. I 90 o/o of the time. The remainder would be sistance from SBA. think this was a serious mistake and that handled by the states. The company has progressed to the "grad­ In a letter to Udall, Norene Martin and uation" stage, which means they are now in this Congress should take the first step I said we believed the bill to be "the most the economic mainstream and able to com­ toward encouraging sensible land use effective and equitable approach to land use pete for regular government and commer­ planning in this country. A number of planning now available." We pointed out cial contracts without special help from SBA. citizens and organizations of the coun­ that most operating members would not be Recently, Bertie Industries completed try share this view and remain hopeful "directly affected ... immediately," but said 60,000 bathrobes for the Veterans Adminis­ that the House will reconsider that bill we believe "sound resource planning policies tration at $1 million, and is presently com­ o:.- some similar proposal this year. One will result in a better quality of life for NPA pleting a contract for 400,000 shirts for the members and the nation as a whole." I'm military at $1 million. such organization is the National Park­ still convinced of that. Presently, they have a regular bid gov­ ing Association. This association has ex­ The full impact of H.R. 10294 or simila! ernment contract for an additional 200,000 tensive experience in and is deeply in­ legislation wouldn't even be felt for a decade. military shirts, and 25,000 more VA bath­ volved with land use problems ir_ urban It's unfortunate that some Members of Con­ robes. They are negotiating for a commer­ America. I would like to include for the gress, some members of the administration cial contract with a food manufacturer for Members' attention a recent editorial and certain business groups were too short­ a large quantity of uniforms. from the July 1974 issue of their publica­ sighted to see the need for it. The company began this third year by pay­ Parking operators who conduct business ing $150,000 in federal income taxes. In fact, tion Parking: in more than one state should be particularly the company has progressed to the point NATIONAL LAND USE PLANNING? YES interested in seeing a similar bill get through where expansion of the facilities is needed, (By David L. Ivey) Congress not later than next year. The Fed­ and this would provide for employment for "Land use planning has been viewed as the eral criteria set in H.R. 10294 would have 150 more people in a persistent labor sur­ product of the environmental 'revolution'­ provided some degree of uniformity to the plus area. the need to bring the living habits of man already widely varying state land use laws. During the fiscal year of 1974, disadvan­ more into conformity with his diminishing The longer national land use planning leg­ taged contractors received 47 contracts natural habitat, the land. It is that. But what islation is delayed, the more confused the amounting to $9.5 million in North Caro­ we also have come to realize is that, in the situation Will become. lina, out of a total of 226 8(a) contracts for long term, land use planning is perhaps the $45.6 million in the Southeast. most significant public policy step that can 1 u.s. House of Representatives, Land Use It is to the credit for the able management be taken to influence burgeoning growth pat­ Planning Act of 1974: Report of the Commit­ of Thomas Kleppe and through his leader­ terns that since the end of World War II have tee on Interior and Insular Affairs, 1974, p. SL ship that SBA has gone forward With this CXX--1764-Part 21 27970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 12, 197'4 program and made it work. In conclusion, public mind with recent traumas to be long vatlons, improvements and more importantly the Southeast's Region IV anticipates the retained as White House chief of staff. Ron­ the appropriation of monies for new and graduation of 70 such 8(a) companies in a.ld L. Zeigler, who brought California press modern Veterans Administration Hospital fiscal year 1975. agentry into the new~ room of the White facUlties for general medical and hospital House, is already gone as press secretary. His ca.re: and replacement 1s Jerald F. terHorst, the re­ Whereas, none 01! these objectives have spected and experienced Washington bureau become a reality and require added urging, chief of the Detroit News. In other words, a. support and encouragement supported by PRESIDENT FORD-A MAN OF real journalist. This is a. welcome change, sound and factual evidence, THE HOUSE and if it is an example of how the character Be lt resolved, That The American Legion, of the White House gua.rd will cha.nge the Department of Connecticut in convention country should be reassured. assembled this 13th day of July 1974 does HON. ROBERT E. BAUMAN Although it is understandable that in hereby establish a committee of 7 members shaping his administration President Ford for the purpose of making a comprehensive OF MARYLAND will rely on one-time House colleagues, inevi­ study of the entire medical-hospital problem IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tably his new responsibility wm force him to as its affects veterans in Connecticut, and Monday, August 12, 1974 reach far beyond that circle. This is not only Be it further resolved, That the Depart­ inevitable; it is good. Yet in the process, we ment Commander shall appoint such com­ Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, today's hope the President wlll retain those quali­ mittee and direct it to make known its find­ Baltimore Sun editorially points up a ties often associateq with membership in the ings in a report to the 1975 Department matter in which all Members of the House. Among these we would Ust a. lack of Convention. House of Representatives can take pride pretension, a. receptivity to many views, an regarding our new President. The Sun openness with the press and a close attention RESOLUTION No. 43 not only to the broad sweep but to the nuts Concerning the immediate construction of a notes the long association President and bolts of the nation's business. If Presi­ new veterans' hospital in the State of Con­ Gerald Ford has had with the House of dent Ford continues to reflect these charac­ necticut and the upgrading of present vet­ Representatives as well as the prospect teristics as he has in the past, the House of erans' hospital fac111ties on behalf of of his good relationship with both Representatives wlll be honored and the na­ connecticut's 482,000 veterans Houses of Congress. tion well served. Whereas, there exists a. general hospital As one who has known President Ford consisting of two buildings in West Haven, for more than 20 years, it has been my Connecticut with hospital bed capacity of pleasure to work with him in various 815 beds, which faclllty is currently operating capacities. I suspect, however, that the HEALTH NEEDS OF CONNECTICUT at 650 beds with psychiatric, geriatric and coming years of Mr. Ford's Presidency VETERANS blind services currently being administered; and hold the greatest possibility for our re­ Whereas, there exists a forty year-old V.A. lationship, at a time when almost all Hospital in Newington, Connecticut which Members of Congress are willing to work HON. ELLA T. GRASSO provides general medical and surgical facili­ with him in bringing the country to­ OF CONNECTICUT ties for approximately 190 bed capacity and gether again. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES which fac111ty is, in fact, providing inade­ I include at this point ln the RECORD quate, sub-standard, medical and N.P. hos­ the editorial from the Sun: Monday, August 12, 1974 pital services; which fac111ty is in great need MR. FORD, A MAN OF THE HOUSE Mrs. GRASSO. Mr. Speaker, in May I of modernization and, in fact, should be re­ The House of Representatives will be par­ wrote to the President about the health placed with a. new faclUty. This conclusion doned a certain feeling of pride this eve­ needs of Connecticut's nearly half mil­ had been reached seven years ago when the ning when one of its own takes its rostrum lion veterans. Using information gath­ proposed merger with the Connecticut Medi­ to address a joint session as President of the ered by a special hearing of the Hospitals cal Center and Medical School in Farming­ United States. For oh so long the presidency ton, Connecticut was, in fact, contracted; has been the preserve of governors, generals Subcommittee of the Veterans' Affairs and and senators, with the House generally re­ Committee, I concluded that existing Whereas, the remaining hospital fac111ty garded as only a kindergarten at best for veterans' health facilities were inade­ in our region exists at Northampton, Massa­ future Chief Executives. Not since James A. quate to meet the needs of the State's chusetts and provides no medical services and Garfield's election in 1880 has a man of the large veteran population. Therefore, I is in worse condition than the fac111ty in House moved as directly to the White House asked the President to recommend the Newington, and this fac111ty could hardly as has Gerald R. Ford. construction of a new VA hospital at the qualify for accreditation as we have docu­ The new President's 25-year tour in the mented; and House is alrea.dy shaping the character of his University of Connecticut medical cen­ Whereas, it has been documented by the administration. Each member of his transi­ ter site in Farmington, and the renova­ Department of Connecticut, Veterans of For­ tion team-Donald M. Rumsfeld, Rogers C. tion of the existing Newington VA hos­ eign Wars before a U.S. Congressional Com­ B. Morton, William W. Scra.nton and John pital for use as an extended care facility. mittee and Sub-Committee on Veterans' Af­ 0. Marsh-was serving in the House when The health needs of Connecticut's vet­ fairs that the V.A. Hospital fac111ties in Con­ Mr. Ford was in or on his way to the Repub­ erans were the subjects of resolutions necticut are inadequate to the point of lican leadership. Charles Goodell, a liberal adopted by the Department of Connecti­ national scandal in the areas of psychiatric, GOP senator purged by the Nixonites, was alcoholic and drug dependence treatment, conspicuous by his presence at the Ford cut, VFW, and the American Legion, De­ and that over 90 percent of Veteran psychia­ swearing-ln. thus reminding onlookers that partment of Connecticut. tric patients must be treated out-of-state or he once was a member of the Ford inner cir­ For the benefit of my colleagues the in state-supported mental institutions, and cle in the House. Melvin R. Laird, who is sure resolutions follow: that V.A. Hospital fac111ties in Connecticut to hold an influential place in the adminis­ Whereas, The American Legion, Depart­ are up to 50 percent below the national aver­ tration if not the vice presidency itself, was ment of Connecticut has in convention as­ age of the patient-to-bed ratios of other Mr. Ford's chief lieutenant when Mr. Ford sembled expressed itself clearly in favor of States in the areas of domic111ary, nursing, won the GOP leader's post in the mid-1960's. action calling for the construction of ade­ and extended convalescent care and the re­ The new President has asked the cabinet quate hospital and clinical facll1ties for the jection rate for those seeking hospital treat­ and most White House functionaries to stay treatment of veterans disabled as result of ment is exceedingly high and unjustified, on for the sake of "continuity and stability." emotional and psychiatric Ulness: and and But this is-and should be--only a holding Whereas, we have similarly on more than Whereas, publtc and private hospital fac111- operation. None 01! the Nixon cabinet mem­ one occasion sought and pleaded for early ties, already overloaded, must take on addi­ bers is particularly controversial for the sim­ construction and staffing of fac111ties suitable tional burdens brought about by the increase ple reason that Mr. Nixon himself was light­ for the care of veterans requiring Nursing in sick and disabled veterans requring medi­ ning rod enough for animosities. But then, Home Care and/or Convalescent care; and cal attention after being turned away by V.A. again, no cabinet member is particularly out­ Whereas, The American Legion has spon­ Hospitals because there 1s no room for them; standing with the outstanding exception of sored and supported the proposals calling for and this increased load upon both public and Secretary of State Kissinger, who has prom­ the establlshment of full medical care facil­ private hospitals deprives the tax-paying citi­ ised to stay on. We would hope that in an at­ ities in the New London County area of Con­ zens of every community of their own right to mosphere of calm selection, Mr. Ford will re­ necticut; and seek hospital treatment, drives the hospital's shape his cabinet and give it a prestige and Whereas, having been pioneers in the calls cost of doing business to inflationary heights, authority the Nixon cabinet never had. for and aggressive pursuance of the location and destroys the public trust in the country's Quicker action is needed, in our view, in re­ and construction of Veterans Administration medical profession as a whole, and in the placing the Nixon White House staff. While Hospital at Newington; and government's ability to spend tax-dollars General Alexander Haig loyally served his Whereas, we have frequently made known wisely and for the betterment of all; and commander-in-chief as a. good soldier our support of plans and advanced plans on Whereas, we have approximately 482,000 should, he is too closely associated in the our own 1nlt1taive which called for reno- veterans in Connecticut with the number August 12, 197'4 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27971 growing daily in view of the Vietnam conflict in the historic East Room of the White is complete." She and all of us again became casualties being discharged from m1litary House said: students of our beginnings. Others of both hospitals, it becomes clearly apparent that a Mr. President, are you ready to take the parties on Judiciary saw their duty and ex­ redistribution is essential within the type oath? pounded it in a solemn and moving exercise of service rendered in the V.A. Hospital sys­ of deliberation as the whole nation watched. tem for Connecticut. The psychiatric prob­ After a brief recitation of the oath The framers had laid this responslbllity lem, for example, is not new and has existed administered to President George Wash­ squarely upon the House, and it was ready, for well over two decades; and ington and all other succeeding Presi­ in the end, for an overwhelming vote of im­ Whereas, the State of Connecticut, in con­ dents, the Chief Justice said: peachment, on the basis of overpowering junction with the University of Connecticut, Ladies and gentlemen, the President of the evidence. Beyond doubt, the first removal has completed construction of a new medical United States. of a president in history was assured, and and dental school 1n Farmington, Connecti­ prevented only by his removal of himself. cut, which center could be readily utllized This exemplified the swift and sure Of course this is no reason for joy in as a major source of trained personnel, let transition of power-and America from itself-only in its vindication of our systems alone the professional service and guidance that moment accepted the new President of justice and government. The experience proven advantageous in other areas; and and looked to him for leadership. has invigorated those systems and, we think, Whereas, Congress has repeatedly urged immeasurably elevated them in the public VA and Medical Center affiliation; and As the Washington Star-News in a esteem. Two mighty questions have been Whereas these inadequate and sub-stand­ Sunday editorial declared: answered at last: No president is above the ard V.A. Hospital facUlties will be allowed to (The) orderly and historic progression ot law, and, yes, a president can be removed continue in that the present Federal Admin­ justice to the highest summit, under the without disruption of the country. Many istration, through its Director of the Office Constitution, is testimony that the old foun­ citizens had feared that latter possibility, of Management and Budget, refuses to ap­ dation is strong as ever. but when the time came, the American people prove funds already appropriated by Con­ Because of the interest of my col­ showed a marvelous reslllency and maturi­ gress for the purpose of V.A. Hospital con­ ty-and abllity to stand, quite possibly, struction; and leagues and the American people in this against whatever shocks may come. Whereas, it has become obvious that the matter, I place the editorial from the At the White House fence Thursday eve­ present Federal Administration wlll not re­ Washington Star in the RECORD here­ ning, and in Lafayette Park, the partisans of lease the Congressionally approved funding with: both sides gathered to witness the downfall, for new V.A. Hospital facUlties in Connecti­ THE FmM FOUNDATION but without visible rancor, much less dis­ cut until pressure is brought to bear upon it It is time to reflect, with some sense of order. In how many national capitals on through the efforts of the major political national pride, upon the testing through earth, we wonder, would this be possible-­ parties and the news media; therefore which we've just passed as a. people. For this quiet but concerned public demeanor as Be it resolved, by the Department of Con­ this ordeal of deposing an errant president the elected national leader in effect is put necticut, Veterans of Foreign Wars in con­ could very well prove the means of regenera­ out of office. Yes, there is reason for pride. vention assembled this 7th day of July, 1974, tion-a revival of faith in the heritage and Nor can the tonic effect of applying the that we do hereby insist that the President promise of our country. rule of law to presidents and their subor­ of the United States, our Congressional rep­ The tumultuous decade behind us, and dinates be understimated. The dangerous resentatives, the Director of the Office of especially the past year, has been a time of inflation of presidential power has been well Management and Budget, and the Adminis­ growing skepticism about the strength of dramatized by all this, and dealt with in trator of Veterans• Affairs to take immediate American institutions and, indeed, the ability ways that should make all of us feel more action for the conversion of one of the build­ of Americans themselves to rise above cyni­ secure in our freedoms. Not soon again, we ings in West Haven into a 500 bed ps~chiatric cism and materialism in times of crisis. After expect, wlll lllegal assignments be performed unit and to bulld a new general service hos­ all, so much has changed. And did the found­ on behalf of the president, on the assump­ pital at the Farmington Medical Center site ers, with their quill pens and simple generali­ tion that the presidency is a law unto itself. to replace the Newington facUlty; and ties, really write a constitutional tune that Resolving the watergate mess has, true Be it further resolved, That copies of this could play through the age of technological enough, been a slow and difficult process, resolution shall be made available to the supremacy, with all its complexities of social because the crucial evidence was denied so aforementioned, all political office-holders change, its new concentra.tions of power? long. But the determination and courage of and office-seekers within the State, other We have seen the polls showing a loss of many people made the workings inexorable veterans and civic organizations, and to all optimism a.bout the American future, and in their many parts: the Senate Watergate directors of the State's news media. declining election turnouts that bespoke a Committee (which first met when few dared growing public disillusionment with gov­ whisper the dread word impeachment), the ernment. And we have heard all this, and special prosecutor, the courts (including more, cited as proof of a system in decUne the highest one, finally), the Judiciary Com­ SMOOTH, SWIFT PRESIDENTIAL toward obsolescence. The nation simply can­ mittee, and ultimately Congress itself in a not go forward, some have said, without virtual consensus for removal of the presi­ TRANSITION PROVES CONSTITU­ structural changes--perhaps a whole new dent. This orderly and historic progression TION STANDS ON FIRM FOUNDA­ modernized Constitution. But we should have of justice to the highest summit, under the TION remembered that it's all been said before, Constitution, is testimony that the old and much worse, for that matter. "Your foundation is strong as ever, the old ideals Constitution is all san and no anchor," are bright, as we approach the nation's HON. JOEL. EVINS sneered Lord Macaulay more than a century bicentennial. OF TENNESSEE ago, in a letter to America. And many Ameri­ When Benjamin Franklin left the Con­ cans believed him. stitutional Convention, a woman asked him IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Well, now we've seen the anchor. We have what kind of a government had been Monday, August 12, 1974 seen it hold in a hurricane. The highest law, wrought. "A republic, madam, if you can finally, needed no shining up, no dusting off; keep it," he replied. There should be some Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, it moved in majesty from 1787 to the pres­ thrlll for all of us in knowing that this there had been speculation by some ent to solve the greatest crisis of power­ generation is indeed keeping it, with all skeptics during the unfolding Watergate and confidence-in our times. Only the words freedoms intact. scandals that our Constitution lacked the that attended its formulation, such as those resilience and flexibility to cope with of Madison, needed reading again: "We want no king here. So, therefore, gentlemen, some REPEAL OF DAYLIGHT SAVING TIME this recent domestic crisis and turmoil. mode of displacing an unfit magistrate is However, when the chips were down indispensable." Reasons for displacement and the critical test came, our Constitu­ could include the negligence or perfidy" of tion met the challenge with flying colors the chief executive. HON. ROBERT PRICE and the smoothness and ease of the Vague terms, some said, but they came to OF TEXAS fit very well the situation of Richard M. Presidential transition under the Consti­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tution demonstrated once again the wis­ Nixon as the evidence unfolded. And Con­ gress, of which so many dispirited Ameri­ Monday, August 12, 1974 dom and foresight of our Founding cans expected so little in the way of cour­ Fathers and the soundness of the docu­ age or competence, suddenly began to act Mr. PRICE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, this ment they drafted and adopted. as if lt were performing in the presence morning I submitted the following testi­ There were no coups, no tanks, no of the founders--on trial itself before Madi­ mony to the Subcommittee on Commerce mobs---the democratic processes of our son and Franklin and the rest . A black con­ and Finance of the House Interstate and gresswoman from Houston sitting on the Republic worked easily and effectively House Judiciary Committee, would go to the Foreign Commerce Committee: without violence. Archives more than once to read the charter REPEAL OF DAYLIGHT SAVING TIME It was nevertheless a dramatic mo­ in its handwritten original, and proclaim, Mr. Chairman and Members of the Com­ ment when Chief Justice Warren Burger "My faith in the Constitution is wh~le, it mittee: I appreciate the opportunity to ·ap- 27972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 12, 1974 pear before you today to express my support cerns to help the farmer produce food more self. But, in turn, I demanded respect from for legislation to repeal daylight saving time. efficiently; daylight saving time does just the each and every player I ca.me across. And I During hearings before this Committee last opposite. got it." year, the National Rural Electric Coopera­ In short, Mr. Chairman, although I favor The brash Conlan, who stood only 5-7 tive Association testified that there was little complete repeal of d·aylight saving time, if and weighed 160 pounds, was the only Na­ documented evidence to suggest that much winter daylight saving time doesn't result in tional League umpire who wore the standard energy conservation Will be achieved in rural energy conservation and the people don't inflated American League chest protector America through the use of daylight saving want it, then let us at least follow the recom­ outside his jacket while his colleagues all time in the winter months. In my own dis­ mendations of the Department of Transpor­ used the smaller inside type. trict, little energy conservation has resulted. tation to observe standard time for four Conlan got into umpiring while playing For this reason and the inconvenience that months of the year. with the White Sox in 1935. Sidelined with winter daylight saving time has caused, it a broken finger, he offered his services when certainly is not justified. one of the umpires in a Chicago-St. LouiS The Southwestern Public Service Company, game was overcome by the heat. He did so which covers the Oklahoma and Texas Pan­ TRIBUTE TO JOCKO CONLAN well that the next year he began umpiring handles, the South Plains of Texas and East­ in the minors. ern New Mexico, recently notified me that At his retirement home in Paradise Valley, they support repeal of year round daylight Conlan described the honor "as the best saving time legislation. I would like to quote HON. WILMER MIZELL thing that's ever happened to me." from a letter which I received from the Vice OF NORTH CAROLINA "I got many letters from fans over the President of the company on this matter: years, saying I'd be in the Hall of Fame some "There is no significant change in total IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1 day, and that I deserved to be," Conlan re­ daily electric consumption. I checked one Monday, August 12, 1974 called. "They certainly made me feel good." Monday on standard time against anothes were unavailable. As said. "One of my employees was out back boldly declares that the card is "not for we climbed the steps of the eXit adjacent to and one of them said 'let's kill him.' An­ identification." When the social security our apartment building, I saw three youths other one said, 'No man, let's get the money slouched against the wan. "Get behind me " first, then we'll kill him.' " system was originally adopted there was I told my wife. ' Not too long ago the police used to warn a very real fear that the issuance of a One youngster moved in front of us "Hold merchants against arming themselves. They card to every American might result in it, Whitey," he sneered, "we got so~ething each citizen having an official number. to say to you." told the businessmen that shooting be left to police officers. But times have changed. As a result, it was clearly stated at that "So do I," I answered, and aimed the re­ Police officials are more likely to be non­ volver at his middle. All three fled down the time that the number was not to be used street. commital, neither approving nor disapprov­ for that purpose. ing, and the cop on the beat may pat the . We have come a long way from that Before that night, my wife had constantly back of the merchant who has won a shoot­ begged me not to carry the gun. She hasn't ~nne. ~oday the social security number since. out. Elwood Carter, a Queens grocer who shot 1s reqwred information to hold a job to and killed a holdup man in his store last file Federal income tax, collect Fed~ral [From the New York Times, July 20, 1974] month, reported, "The police said I did their retirement and survivor benefits, to buy URBAN MERCHANTS FIND GUNS VITAL, AND job for them." or transfer securities for U.S. savings MOST• POLICE UNITs Now AGREE In San Diego, a spokesman for the sheriff's bonds, to attend high school or college in "I'll be damned if anyone is going to come office said that "we neither encourage nor many areas and for a variety of other in here and put his hands on the money I discourage merchants from taking out a necessary activities. work hard for. I know how to use this thing permit for concealed weapons." A report issued in July 1973 by the Ad­ an~ I would use it and have no feeling of In New York, Deputy Inspector Peter J. gUilt about it." Maloney, who heaclB the department's license visory Committee on Automated Personal Henry Joseph, who operates a gasoline division, said that each merchant's gun ap­ Data Systems to the Secretary of Health ~tation in San Diego and keeps a .38 revolver plication "is individual and should be as­ Education, and Welfare declares tha~ handy at an times," seemed surprised that sessed on its own merits rather than by a In spite of practical ad vantages, the idea anyone would even ask him if he needed a general policy, but I can see the viewpoint of a Standard Universal Identifier is objec­ gun. of the storekeepers." tionable to many Americans . . . Many peo­ "Oh, I've got no beef about the police but Many merchants, in any case, are appar­ ple both feel a sense of alienation from their if I stand by like a tame pussy cat and let ently not w1lling to depend on the polica social institutions and resent the dehumaniz­ these punks take my money and then can alone for their safety. ing effects of a highly mechanized civiliza­ the police, what good is that going to do?" Edward S. McConnell, 73, owns a coin and tion. Every characteristic of the SUI height­ he said. "No sir, the Constitution says I c~n stamp collectors' store near the University ens such emotions. protect my property with a gun and that's of California's Berkeley campus, says: "I'm what I'm doing." my only protection. By the time the police Yet, the HEW Secretary's Advisory The armed merchant, interviews around respond, even if they come in a reasonable Committee continues to report that- the country show, has become a fact of life time, the robber would be gone." There is an increasing tendency for the in urban America. Some, like Mr. Joseph Mr. McConnell has been at the same loca­ Social Security number to be used as if It keep their guns defiantly; some keep the ' tion for 20 years and has been the victim were an SUI. The federal government has it­ relucantly or even fearfully. m of "four armed robberies, two burglaries and self been in the· forefront of expanding the But many small-businessmen-not just innumerable till taps.'' use of the Social Security number ... The t~v~rn owners or druggists, favorite targets He has "five handguns plus a shortgun national population register that an SUI im­ o oldup men, but boutique managers fast and an M-1 carbine" in his little store. plies could serve as the skeleton for a na­ food specialists and variety store o~ers_: Over the years he has shot two would­ tional dossier system to maintain informa­ are convinced that a gun and good aim are be holdup men. Neither died. tion on every citizen from cradle to grave. as important to staying in business as sales There are many other small-businessmen One man who has expressed concern know-how and good advertising. who have armed themselves to use their guns and who hope, somewhat nervously, over this invasion of privacy is Repre­ They want to protect their hard-earned they never do. sen~ativ~ BARRY M. GOLDWATER, JR. of money, but just as often, they say, they are Joseph O'Neill, 47, owns a drive-in in armed to protect their lives because they Callforma. In an article in Signature Detroit's west side. He purchased a Japanese magazine for June 1974, Mr. GoLDWATER think holdup men are just as likely to shoot made .38 pistol two years ago a.fter he had notes that: them wltether or not they give up their cash been held up. without a fight. Many abuses are not dramatic, but are "Since then I haven't had to use it and I very dangerous. For instance, the denial of And for the most part, police departments don't know if I ever wlll, but I keep it here and coxnmunity groups and trade associa­ under the counter," he said. "One of the an application for a job, loan or insurance tions no longer disagree. As Hugh Muncy younger guys owns a car wash down the because of mysterious "reports" locked 1n a head of the Dlinois RetaU Merchants Asso~ computer file. Many such cases involve the street. He shot and killed a man who held widespread use of the Social Security num­ elation, put it: "A person has to do what he him up last fall. I couldn't have that on my has to to protect his property." ber, which is fast becoming a standard uni­ conscience.'' versal identifier-the key that unlocks the The merchants' guns-some kept legally, There are some, too, who stlll refuse to computer. Using the Social Security number, some illegally-range from small one-shot keep a gun in their store. Peter Lazar, a person can be tracked from the cradle to Derringers to fast-firing M-1 carbines to owner of the Louis Shoe Service in Boston, grave-without his knowledge or consent. sawed-off 12-gauge shotguns. says: "You'd be apt to do a crazy thing. In Cyrll Zara, Jr., 24 years old, the owner of an outrage you Inight kill someone." Mr. GOLDWATER declares that- August 12, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27977 We have placed material security above buy or transfer securities for U.S. savings earlier bill, H.R. 6769, which I introduced on our right to privacy. In so doing, we have bonds; attend high school or college in many April 10, 1973. This bill amends title 38 of allowed big government to take over our areas; open a checking or savings account; the United States Code to provide a service personal responsibilities. We let the govern­ serve in the armed forces; receive Civil Serv­ pension to certain veterans of World War I ment educate us, house us and direct our ice annuities; obtain insurance in 'many and to the Widows of such veterans. cultural experience. Then we wonder about cases; collect state or federal medical as­ Each of us knows how hard infia tion has the collapse of our right to be left alone, sistance; open a charge account in many hit our senior citizens, many of whom are after we have permitted, even asked, the gov­ stores; receive a driver's license or obtain living on small fixed incomes. The prices of ernment to intervene for us. Government fishing and hunting licenses in some states, food, transportation, shelter and clothing has ordained that our Social Security num­ and register in a Veterans Administration has reached all-time highs and the meager bers be used for the sake of economy and hospital. income that many elderly citizens receive efficiency, but this orderliness is achieved at We have lost our sense of the true mean­ from Social Security, Railroad Retirement, the expense of personal freedom. ing of personal privacy, beyond keeping or from other pension programs is no longer. strangers out of our homes. What about the enough to provide the basic necessities of It is time that we in the Congress re­ strangers who poke around in the stored in­ life. As a result, many of these people have stored the original intent of the social formation about our lives? As a woman in been forced to seek welfare money in order security card and saw to it that this card Dallfornia told me, "Computers are machines to survive. was not used for identification purposes. that are writing books about people. We One specific group that has suffered great­ ought to know wha;t the robot authors are ly by the growing inflation is our World War I One place to start would be in the Con­ saying about us!" She's right, of course: we veterans, and their survivors. The average gress itself, where employee numbers and do not know what is recorded about us or age of the greater majority of World War I social security numbers are identical. where. veterans is now almost 80 years and since I wish to share with my colleagues the We have placed material security above our they cannot work, they must live by what article concerning the invasion of privacy right to privacy. In so donig, we have allowed they receive from Social Security or by some inherent in the use of social security big government to take over our personal re­ retirement pension plan that they may have. numbers for identification by Represent­ sponsibilities. We let the government edu­ Some never had the opportunity to build up ative BARRY M. GOLDWATER, JR., as it ap­ cate us, house us and direct our cultural ex­ the maximum in Social Security benefits be­ periences. Then we wonder about the collapse cause when the Social Security law became peared in the June 1974 issue of Signa­ in our right to be left alone, after we have effective, they were too old to do work for ture magazine, and insert it into the permitted, even asked, the government to the full entitlement period. The same condi­ RECORD at this time: intervene for us. Government has ordained tion applies also to their wives or their NUMBER PLEASE? that our Social Security numbers be used for widows. (By Barry Goldwater Jr.) the sake of economy and efficiency, but this For this reason I strongly support H.R. orderliness is achieved at the expense of 15720 and the establishment of a service The concept of personal privacy and indi­ personal freedom. pension plan for World War I veterans and vidual rights is as old and basic to the We should not halt necessary technical ad­ their widows. United States as our Constitution. Most vancement, but we must insure the superior­ Since we have been negligent in our re­ Americans accept it as the bedrock of their ity of men over machines. This is not a parti­ sponsibility to our World War I ve·tera.ns, we freedom, and give it little thought. Until, san issue anymore-it never should have been owe the responsibility now to show them the that is, an individual notices how insid­ one. The privacy blll now before Congress respect they deserve, not by charity, but by iously his privacy is being invaded and his would outlaw any personal data system whose legislating what they deserve. I know that rights ignored. existence is secret. It would allow any per­ they are not greedy and only want fair treat­ I am talking about tyranny. This is no son to find out what is recorded about him ment. I also know that with over a million alarmist's flight of fancy. We are fast becom­ and where. It requires data collectors to WW I veterans still alive, (plus their families ing slaves to technocracy. It is possible to­ notify the person about whom information is or survivors), the cost of any broad scope or day to build a computerized on-line file con­ collected, tell him how it will be used and unrestricted pension program estimated at a taining the compact equivalent of 20 pages allow him to check it for accuracy, timeliness starting cost of $1.9 Billion a year and pos­ of typed information about the history and and pertinence, and to challenge it if errone­ sibly going as high as $3 Billion for some activities of every man, woman or child in ous. Permission must be given by the person other bills, would probably not pass. I do the U.S. if his data is to be transferred anywhere. It hope, however, that this subcommittee wlll Some of the privacy abuses this occasions forbids the use of the Social Security number vote for as large an amount as is reasonably are chllling. For example, an incident in­ for any reason not specifically permitted by possible for a pension program that can be­ volving a California couple stopped by federal law. come a reality. county sheriff's deputies while on their way This action is far-reaching, complex and I hope that this subcommittee would agree home one night: Relying on information necessary. However, what is not complex is to raise the celling on the amount of annual from criminal justice data banks, the police what we should be fighting for: our right income a veteran can receive before he is dis­ handcuffed, held at gunpoint, and locked the to personal privacy. qualified for a service pension. Recent in­ couple up overnight on charges of auto theft. creases in the inflation rate have wiped out What the data banks did not show was that any gains the veteran derived from our rais­ the stolen car had been recovered by its ing of the annual income limite. tion rates rightful owners long before. The woman, who WORLD WAR I VETERANS PENSION several years ago. We need to establish rates was pregnant, and her husband were finally more realistic to the hardships imposed by released, 18 hours after their arrest. our rampanrt; inflation and today's cost of Other abuses are not so dramatic, but just HON. J. HERBERT BURKE living. as dangerous. For instance, the denial of an OF FLORIDA One way we can help the World War I application for a job, loan or insurance be­ veterans would be to not count retirement cause of mysterious "reports" locked in a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES income, such as Social Security, as income. computer file. Many such cases involve the Monday, August 12, 1974 We would thus give the veteran a chance· to widespread use of the Social Security num­ get all his allowed pension up to the annual ber, which is fast becoming a standard uni­ Mr. BURKE of Florida. Mr. Speaker, income limitation, plus whatever he would versal identifier-the key that unlocks the it was my pleasure to submit testimony get from any other retiremelllt income. This computer. Using the SS number, a person to the Subcommittee on Compensation would greatly help many of our veterans can be tracked from the cradle to grave­ and Pension of the Committee on Vet­ their families and :widows, and would, in all without his knowledge or consent. Americans erans Affairs in support of legislation probability, take many of them off the publ.ic are slowly beginning to catch on to this form assistance rolls. I proposed this in my It.R. of privacy invasion. A man in Virginia told which I have cosponsored to set up a 6769, which I introduced IRichard Nixon know that as set forth in the report of the Senate order to preserve and protect the presidency there was as much devotion and dedication Watergate Committee. of which they were a part and to maintain to public service in that butiding as there He makes the point that Watergate the power that they had acquired through has been in past administrations. And the that presidency. historical record would be more than in­ might never have occurred had there The Haldemans, Ehrlichmans, Mitchells, complete--it would be grossly distorted-if been more politics in the White House Deans and some of the others of the Water­ those guilty of the grossest arrogance and instead of less. gate era should not be considered typical of abuse of power in the Nixon White House In a column appearing in the August 9, politicians in general, or of Republican poli­ were allowed to stain the reputations of 1974, edition of the Washington Star- ticians in particular. There were and st111 are August 12, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27979 many good men in the administration and War II. I pointed out that the title was not mean that war is inevitable. While it may be they have done yeoman work in the service only appropriate-but that the term "brave in the nature of man to quarrel with his of their country. men"-summarized succinctly why we were neighbors-and to occasionally get into open One of the most serious mistakes that able to achieve a successful conclusion to conflict-it is also in the nature of man to voters could make, in the opinion of this the war. improve himself-and to solve his prob­ observer, would be to take Watergate out on And I pointed out that the value of the lems-including those that involve rela­ the Republican party. It would be even worse service-and the sacrifice of these men-had tionships-with his fellow human beings. to take Watergate out on politics as a whole. not diminished in the years since 1945. So let us be hopeful that the Vietnam war To say that Nixon and his administration All of these things are stlll true now-a will be our last conflict. And let us be were found wanting and, therefore, a pox year later-and they will be true next year dedicated to the proposition ... idealistic, on the house of politics, would be to deny . . . and the year after that. perhaps ... that we have it in our power to one's heritage. As long as our nation exists-we Will re­ handle our affairs-so that young Americans No one can deny that Watergate has been member that mill1ons of our young men are never called on again to fight and die. a staggering blow, but the American political were called to service-during the early and Today here in Seymour-we dedicate our system is cleansing itself. Constitutional middle 1940s . . . that they faced enemies observance to young Americans of a different processes are working. Those who broke the on both sides of the world-enemies who day. They were successful in bringing us law are having to answer in the courts, had sworn to eradicate our institutions--our peace-and we celebrate their success-with and Nixon himself was called to account in way of life . . . that they engaged those ene­ this event. the impeachment process and resigned when mies on a scale never before heard of . . . Regardless of what came later ... regard­ it became clear to him that he would be and that they were successful-in preserving less of what is yet to come ... there was vic­ removed from office in that process. our freedom and our founding principles. tory and there was peace in August 1945. The nation ought to heed the warning of It is inevitable that each year you hold I have special and personal feelings on the late Chief Justice Earl Warren and not this most laudable event--more and more this day ... as all of us-who can remember overreact to Watergate by tampering with of those attending it--have no personal rec· 29 years ago do. the Constitution. The lesson of Watergate ollectlon of World War II-or the glorious I have a feeling of sadness-that the years ought to be that citizens need to m~intain day when it all ended. cannot overcome-as I remember friends of a constant vigil over their freedoms, which It is inevitable that as August 1945 re­ my youth ... boys I grew up with and others means that they need to maintain a sus­ cedes into history-memories of that moment I met in the service . . . who did not return tained interest and involvement in politics. of victory Will dim. It is inevitable that such from World War II. Politics does not have to be the choice time is not thought of-in the same terms I have a feeling of appreciation for having of the lesser of evils; it becomes so only when as it was several years ago . . . that more been privileged to associate with fine and citizens turn off from the political system recent events tend to change our perspective. brave men-and to have been their friend. But this is not a day that relies on mem­ I am grateful that I was spared by the ories of personal activity-or personal ap­ fortunes of war-to celebrate the anniversary praisal-of what it all meant then and means of an event--that so many did not live to ROUDEBUSH SPEAKS ON V-J DAY now ... although it is pleasant to reminisce. see-although they helped make it possible. This is a day that is written in our history And I am proud of what we accomp­ books. lished ... the defeat of power mad dictators­ HON. LEE H. HAMILTON And-if Seymour, Indiana-becomes the the restoration of peace-the restoration of OF INDIANA only community in the United States to freedom. remember it . . . or even if you-the people IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATiVES I think we can all be proud of what the of Seymour forget ... it will always stand American people accomplished in the great Monday, August 12, 1974 as the day that America achieved its greatest crisis that ended with V-J day. I know you victory. are proud-because you continue to remem­ Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would November 11th is an important day in ber. like to bring to the attention of my col­ American history. It was celebrated as ar­ I would like to express my personal thanks leagues the fine speech that Richard mistice day for many years after World War to you-for making remembering-a tradi­ Roudebush, Deputy Administrator of the I. It later became Veterans Day ... and now­ tion in Seymour. I thank you as a veteran Veterans' Administration and former after a brief hiatus-it is Veterans Day again. of World War II-and as one who works colleague of ours from Indiana, gave on V-E Day is an important day. It marked closely with veterans. the occasion of the Augus,t 11, 1974, V-J the day that Germany surrendered in 1945 I thank you as a citizen of Ir..diana and . . . when the evil of Hitler finally came to of America ... as one who also remembers. Day Parade in Seymour, Ind. an end-and the oppressed people of Europe May this annual celebration long continue. Mr. Roudebush notes that we should be were able to start building new lives for "hopeful that the Vietnam war will be our themselves ... when Americans stopped dy­ last conflict. And let us be dedicated to ing in that part of the world. the proposition-idealistic perhaps­ But there is no day on the American cal­ BIDDING FAREWELL TO that we have it in our power to handle endar . . . except the day of our founding, July 4 ... that had the impact of V-J Day. NIXONOMICS our affairs so that young Americans are It was the end of a war in which more than never called on again to ft.ght and die." 16 million Americans had engaged-and 406,- The speech follows: 000 had lost their lives. HON. RICHARD BOLLING SPEECH BY RICHARD ROUDEBUSH More than 400,000 of those participants OF MISSOURI I am grateful to you for once again allow­ were from Indiana. Ten thousand of them IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing me to participate in this most patriotic did not return home. observance-that does such great honor to We all pray that tl.ere will never again Monday, August 12, 1974 Seymour and the surrounding community. be such war . . . that there will be no need Mr. BOLLING. Mr. Speaker, Hobart The fact that you do remember . . . and for future joyous occasions like V-J Day. Rowen's column which appeared in Sun­ have remembered for such a long time ..• And I think we must always be opti­ that great day 29 years ago-when we were mistic-that we can be ~ntelligent enough­ day's Washington Post is an excellent at last free of the suffering and the dying­ and dedicated enough-to the cause of just summary of the failures of the economic free of the threat presented by our enemies peace-that we can prevent future war. policies of the Federal Government in . . . free of war-is commendable and en­ Reviewing the history of America-and recent years. Our new President faces couraging. of the world for the first three-quarters of enormous difficulties in leading the Na­ I say-"encouraging"-because I think it this century-it would be easy to be cynical tion to restored economic health. Not the is in the interest of our future as a free on this matter. Four times young Americans least of those differences is the fact that society-that we remember the times when have been called on to die in major con­ important real difficulties exist between we have been threatened-and how many flicts. Countless other wars have occurred in­ brave Americans have fought and overcome volving other nations. Every week-it what can be loosely described as the those who would destroy us. If we do not seems-there is new fighting somewhere. "Republican" prescription and the remind ourselves-of these past times of V-J day-it can be pointed out-did not "Democratic" prescription for restoring danger periodically--we will forget that we end our fighting and our dying. Many of the our economic health. In a divided gov­ can be endangered again. same men who had a joyous homecoming ernment it wlll take statesmanship as When I spoke to you at this event last after that day-were soon fighting in Korea. well as highly sophisticated understand­ year-I said that this is a day that must be And some of them survived one war--only to dedicated to brave men . . . the meru who die in another. ing of the economic forces which exist to fought and died ... or fought and lived Then came the tragedy of Vietnam ... and devise policies which can be both pro­ . . . and made victory possible more young Americans were called into posed by a Republican President and im­ I cited the fact that--"brave men"-was combat--many of them not to return. plemented by a Democratic Congress so the title that Ernie Pyle chose for his famous But I think that the fact that the peace close to a congressional election. Neither book-about the G.I.s who served in World after World War II--did not last--does not the doctrinaire nor the solely self-inter- 27980 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 12, 197'4 ested will con tribute much to meeting program was the high-mark for good judg­ on a Treasury note, the highest coupon in the crisis which confronts us. ment, the January 1973 program was the low more than a century. Fed Chairman Burns point, a. bonehead move without parallel. (A admits that the Fed may have contributed After consultation with Mr. Rowen's close candidate-in which Congress shares to the mess by being too easy in credit exten­ office I have corrected a "typo" which the blame-is the total removal of controls in sion in 1972, with a. result that a lot of bank appeared in the fourth paragraph from April of this year, followed by reinvocation debt doesn't look as collectible as it did when the end of the article : of "the old-time religion" when infiationary the loans were made. The savings and loan BIDDING FAREWELL TO NIXONOMICS forces again proved stronger than adminis­ associations face massive withdrawals, and tration forecasters believed possible.) (By Hooort Rowen) housing is in its own depression. As the second term started, the adminis­ So--it's so long to Nixonomics with no re­ The Nixon years have been little short of tration misread the pressures that were de­ grets. The challenge to President Ford is a. disaster for the American economy, and the veloping on supplies. It waited a year too enormous, more than can be expected of shocking increase in the wholesale price in­ long to call Secretary of Agriculture Earl any man to handle quickly or completely. dex for July, reported the same day the Butz off his mad adventure in holding down We trust that we won't get the same dose of President announced his resignation, is but farm output. The Russ1a.n grain deal (the ineffective and unimaginative policies and a fitting symbol of the failure of Nixonomics. Capitalists "shnookered" by the Commu­ weak leadership under another name. But, The index jumped at an annU'al rate of 44.4 nists) made things worse. for the moment, the mere change provides per cent actually, more than 50 per cent if We know now, thanks to the transcripts, a sense of relief. compounded). that all during this period, Mr. Nixon was To be sure, there were many unhappy eco­ preoccupied with managing the Watergate nomic events out of Mr. Nixon's control, in­ cover-up. Moreover, as the June 23, 1972, cluding the worldwide commodities boom tape shows, he was bored with economic af­ that supported infiation, and crop failures fairs-and gave both the problems and his A TALK WITH GERALD FORD that helped to drive food prices up. own advisers, (even Shultz) short shrift. But the biggest weakness of Mr. Nixon's But in the perennial search for a quick fix economic regime was that it never had a gen­ and a. favorable headline, Mr. Nixon tried a. HON. LAMAR BAKER uine policy--or if it did, it was changeable second freeze, this time just on prices, in OF TENNESSEE over night. June 1973. IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES Thus, in 1969, when Mr. Nixon came into As soon as the 60-day freeze ended, prices office, the infiation rate was running around resumed a. rapid climb. Controls and oon­ Monday, August 12, 1974 5 per cent and the level of unemployment trollers were discredited, except for Cost of Mr. BAKER. Mr. Speaker, the August was 3.3 per cent. Under Economic Council Living Council Director John T. Dunlop, issue of DUN's carries an interesting Chairman Paul W. McCracken, a policy of who managed to keep wages from going interview with the Honorable Gerald "gradualism" was adopted to slow the econ­ through the roof. omy down. The four-fold increase in the price of oU, Ford on inflation, interest rates, tax re­ And, indeed, it slowed the economy down: and the oil embargo itself, of course, added form, and other economic issues. The We had a recession by the end of 1969 and to the problem--one of the external factors interview was made at a time when Mr. unemployment rose to 6 per cent, but so did aften cited as beyond the reach of domestic Ford was Vice President, but his answers the rate of infiation. And while Arthur Burns policy. But the administration since its in­ give an insight in to the manner in began to suspect that the "old-time reli­ ception had given first priority to protec­ which he will cope with these problems gion" of tight money and fiscal .austerity tion of domestic oil interests, rather than now that he is our President. I com­ might not be as effective as it once was, the the expansion of oil supplies, and rejected mend this interview to the attention of Nixon managers barreled ahead, anyway. a. Cabinet committee recommendation in The result, of course, was that Nixon, after February 1970 which foresaw the potential my colleagues. It provides some guide­ repeated assurances that he would never impact of a cutoff of oil, and which urged posts to the direction in which the new adopt controls, had to turn full cycle on Aug. Nixon to liberalize import quotas. administration will move in the days 15, 1971, slapping a wage and price freeze on In handling the oil crisis, Mr. Nixon took ahead. the economy to help brake infia.tion (and to the incredible step of boosting the domestic The article follows: give the dollar some additional credibility price of on although that merely enlarged A TALK WrrH GERALD FORD abroad, a. fact conveniently forgotten by oil company profits, not supply. This bo­ critics of controls). nanza surprised even the oU companies (Amid all the uncertainties in Washington In addition, Mr. Nixon abandoned fiscal who naturally didn't turn it down. and the economy these days, the views of austerity and began to pump up expendi­ Another "external" factor often cited for one key figure are particularly pertinent. He tures. The sluggish performance of the econ­ the miserable economic results of the Nixon is, of course, Vice President Gerald R. Ford. omy during the congressional elections of years is the impetus to infia.tion from two In the following interview, DUN's editors 1970 was not one that Mr. Nixon wanted re­ dollar devaluations. At the time of the first, conduct a far-ranging discussion with the peated during the presidential election year part of the December 1971 Smithsonian Vice Prestdent on infiation, the budget, in­ that lay ahead for 1972. Agreement--which Mr. Nixon called "the terest ratest and other vital issues.) So far as this observer is concerned, Mr. greatest monetary agreement in the history Mr. Vice President, tt•s quite obvious that Nixon's best economic performance came of the world"-administration officials fialtly our problem right now is inflation. with that decision of Aug. 15, 1971. Coupled denied that there would be an infia.tionary Number One, I couldn't agree with you with the breaking of the dollar's link with impact. But, of course, there was: The dollar more. Every poll I've seen--and I've seen a gold-which led eventually to dollar devalua­ prices of imported goods rose sharply and, good many of them in the last couple of tion-the freeze and the subsequent Phase since our goods appeared more attractive, weeks, both regional and national-indicates II of controls was a courageous program foreign buyers snapped them up with their that infiation is the Number One issue, sub­ which may have saved the U.S. and the more valuable currencies, exacerbating short­ stantively as well as politically. world economy from collapse. ages here. What can the government do about it? My Mr. Nixon's performance in the foreign Inasmuch as a trade deficit continued in thought is that the federal government---tn economic field was superior to what he did 1972, and the dollar continued to show weak­ the one area. where it can do something af­ at home. It was necessary to devalue the ness abroad, a second devaluation was needed firmatively, which is fiscal policy-has to dollar, although the strongarm methods he in February 1973. But one of the elements show some leadership. This leadership is es­ was encouraged to use by John Connally hurt that probably forced the second devaluation sential if you are gotng to ask labor to be the U.S. in the eyes of the rest of the world. was abandonment of the effective Phase II moderate, if you are going to ask manage­ George Shultz deserves to be remembered for of the wage-price program a. month earlier: ment to be statesmanlike. The federal gov­ recouping some of the damage of the Con­ the world calculated correctly that the en­ ernment has to set an example. If you are nally era., and for starting the world on the viable U.S. record of price stabilization had going to ask other people to tighten their road for fiexible exchange rates in the Fall been jettisoned by Mr. Nixon. belts, the federal government has to be in of 1972. The stock market made a comparable judg­ the forefront. It was also necessary to embark on wage­ ment. Having recovered from the first Nixon Which means? price controls, and the program can not bear market in 1970, stock prices touched a The President and the Congress have to be denied a share of the credit for a. drop in high point in January 1973, the day that really clamp down on anticipated expendi­ consumer prices from a. 5 per cent annual Phase II was junked. They have been de­ tures over and above this budget. That 1s rate in 1971 to less than 3.5 per cent in 1972, pressed ever since. where the real battle is going to come now. while wage increase slowed from 6.5 per cent Where does Mr. Nixon leave us? We are in So i! you can avoid the added expenditures to about 5.5 per cent--or to the level of the the second recession of his time of office, with over $305 billion and make some honest and famous guidepost. prices accelerating and wages threatening to realistic adjustments--a couple of bHlion But Mr. Nixon couldn't leave well enough take off with their own explosion as labor dollars below that level-! believe that this. alone. Exuberant after his re-election, he re­ attempts to recover what it lost in real wages is wha. t will be construed among Americans sponded to the ideological pressures of ad­ during the past year. The economy is stag­ as the kind of leadership that is necessary. visers like Herb Stein and Shultz, and mis­ nant, with fears spreading about the financial You think cuts can be made? takenly discarded effective controls in Jan­ system itself. Interest rates are so high that I can't believe ~hat out of $305 billion uary 1973 for a. new Phase III. I! the Aug. 15 the government was forced to offer 9 percent there can't be some slowdowns, there can't August 12, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF R·EMARKS 27981 be some eliminations. And, incidentally, I It has been said that one reason for in­ inflation-proof Congress and that will be the think the new budget reform bill gives to flation is that business is operating at ca­ issue in November. the President some authority that maybe pacity and the way to get it down is to build Many labor leaders argue that they need Congress didn't anticipate. more plants. Would you be in favor of in­ a 20% increase just to catch up. What is that? creasing the investment tax credit or offer­ I understand the logic and perhaps the It specifically provides two procedures: ing more rapid depreciation? justification. But if we don't ask them to One for deferrals and another for recision, I am more concerned about the tenden­ tighten their belts, there is going to be a and the net result is you get an item deferral cies in the Congress to reduce the invest­ snowballing effect. I think most of us rec­ potential. So the President can take some ment tax credit from 7% to some other fig­ ognize that some of the demands in 1966 action here, under the new blll, that he ure, and the possibility that the Congress and 1967 in the labor-management field couldn't have done previously wltnouli geli­ might try to cut back in one way or another really touched off the wage demands that tlng into a legal controversy. the more rapid amortization that we cur­ created much of the inflation in the Viet­ Now, in addition to the actions that I rently have. I don't think Congress w111 nam war period. If we go through that think will require vetoes and the sustaining achieve it, but there are strong elements in same cycle again, we are going to have a of vetoes and the possibility of using the new the Congress that are talking that way. I tough time. budget bill, I think the President has to com­ think it would be disastrous and firmly Would you advise corporations to take a mit himself right now-as he has, in effect-­ believe in the investment tax credit and in strike rather than accede to . . . to submit au honest-to-goodness balanced the rapid amortization programs that we I think they have got to be very realistic budget, not a full-employment balanced have now authorized by law. and recognize they are part of the big pic­ budget, for fiscal 1976. Would you change the capital gains tax? ture. I! management capitulates 1n toto to That will have a political effect I must say that after listening to the pros whatever the excessive demand, it has to I just talked to one of the top pollsters, and cons, I come to the conclusion we are on recognize that although it may save itself one who does a lot of, work for Republicans, about the right keel instead of taking dras­ momentarily, it is only adding a very un­ some for Democrats. And the pollster says tic action one way or another. fortunate part to a whole system. So it that polls are now showing, for the first time, So you would be pretty well satisfied to may be necessary for some segments of man­ that the public perceives a connection be­ leave the tax system as it is? agement to be very firm. tween the federal government's expenditures Well, I am against the tax increase. I am There have been quite a few price in­ and inflation. They have never really been against the tax decrease. Or changes in cor­ creases since controls went off. able to pin it down before, but now they porate income taxes. I think rather than The ones who have raised prices to please realize the federal government's handling of tinkering now in a period of uncertainty their constituencies, stockholders, or to im­ their money is related to problems of infla­ and in a period of perhaps hysteria in some prove their own economic situation, are ex­ tion. areas, it is better to keep a position of sta­ tremely shortsighted. Certain professions, Secretary Simon has been talking about bllity. once they were freed of wage and price con­ cutting as much as $20 billion from the The people know what they are dealing trols, have forgotten that they are a part of budget. Do you think that is unrealistic? with, even though there may be some in­ the whole system, and they are only leading I respectfully disagree with Bill Simon. equities. I think stab111ty at this point rather in the long run either to reimposition of Are you worried about interest rates-that than a tinkering is a better procedure. Sup­ controls or they are leading to an economy they could tip the economy into a really posing the Congress comes up in one blll or that is going to disintegrate, one way or the deep recession? another with some changes that would affect other. I am worried about interest rates. I hope people's investment policies or businessmen's One follow-up question to that: Do you that the Federal Reserve, once it sees that actions in the field of expansion or moderni­ see yourself filling the void that presently there is an honest-to-goodness effort being zation. The mere threat of some changes I exists, due to the President's preoccuaption made in fiscal policy, wm not be too tough think adds to uncertainty, and we have with foreign affairs, in the government's re­ too long. enough of it now. lationship with business and labor? There is, of course, the danger that it will How about the charges from various Now that some of our major international be too tough for too long? groups that the tax system has too many policies are in better shape than they were Yes, but I am optimistic once Arthur loopholes? maybe three or four months ago. I thin:&.. Burns and his associates are convinced that Well, I have listened to those arguments you will see the President taking command, fiscal policy is going to be a firm one, they on the floor of the House and read a lot and really actively participating in the domestic wm then relax their attitude on the supply you get right back to the old saying that problem of major importance, inflation. I saw of money. what is a loophole for one is a justifiable him six times last week. Do you have a rate of inflation in your own benefit for another. I think there's been a What did you talk about? mind that you think fs acceptable to the lot of demagoguery on this. In each instance, with one exception, it country? Are you at all concerneci that the policies was devoted to working with him at his When it was 4%, I thought it was too high. we are pursuing to slow down inflation request on the problems of the economy and But when you are dealing with 10% or 11 %, might push us into a recession? inflation and it was a two-way discussion. if at the end of this calendar year it is down All the economists I have listened to-and He asked me questions as to what my views to 7%, I think that is significant progress­ I have listened to many-discount any pos­ might be on this or that, and I wm be doing not acceptable, but significant, and ought to sibility of a depression. As I read various my utmost to assist in what I think is going lay the groundwork in 1975 for additional things and listen, I think we may have been to be a strong, firm policy. progress. If we can survive that and get down on the brink of a recession, but if we can Thank you, Mr. Vice President. to 7% by the end of the calendar year, I restore whatever confidence is needed in this think with increased production in many immediate crunch, I think any problems of fields-such as food and energy-1975 ought recession, if there were any, will evaporate. to be significantly better. You feel stability will restore that? THE GREAT "NONDEBATE" ON Are you at all bothered by the tact that Stabi11ty, and a firm feeling on the part of INFLATION so many banks are in dire straits at the the public that the federal government is present? going to be strong on fiscal policy. Nobody is proud of or happy with what Would you be concerned about the effect HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM happened to the Franklin Bank. Then the of a massive swing in Congress this fall? failure of the bank in Germany, Herstatt, I certainly would. As you know, the more OF NEW YORK probably had as big an impact in America liberal elements are talking about a net gain IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of fifty to 100 in the House and, in their as the Franklin because it scared a lot of Monday, August 12, 1974 American bankers who had gotten involved political efforts, they are talking about a with Eurodollars, and so on. I think the veto-proof Congress. I have tried to counter Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, the third banking industry has got to take a good hard that in the political arena by saying a veto­ and final article in the recent Bureau of look at some of the practices that it has been proof Congress leads to a legislative dictator­ National Affairs Daily Labor Report involved in over the last several years. ship. We have assembled some material that shows that if we had had a veto-proof Con­ study on price and wage stabilization You mean you think that some banks are presents some useful background for the a little bit overextended? gress over some previous Congresses, there No question about it. would have been $27 billion more in federal current debate on the Nation's economic What about Wall Street? spending available. So my feeling is that if policy. The article by Ben Rathbun, the public gets a veto-proof Congress, the called "The Great 'Nondebate' on I don't think you are going to get any public had better fasten its seat belts be­ change in that area until you get public con­ cause there wlll be massive increases in Stabilization Policy," follows: fidence that something is being done in the spending and that wlll just add fuel to the THE GREAT "NONDEBATE" ON INFLATION area of inflation and they see some material inflationary fire. After looking at various Among those interviewed in Congress, the progress. polls that show really serious, broad public Executive Branch, and in labor and business How about wage and price controls? Do concern with inflation, we will fight the for this report, there was broad agreement you see any chance ot returning to them? veto-proof Congress; we will fight for an in­ that 1973's unforeseen price explosions should I see no prospect either for the Administra­ flation-proof Congress. If the liberals want a have set the stage for a Great Debate on tion to ask for it or Congress to approve it. veto-proof Congress, we wm counter with an national economic policy before Congress 27982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 12, 1974 acted on the expiring Economic Stabilization do think it's amazing that for the first time, talk of gloom and doom." He added: "I buy Act in 1974. However, it is generally agreed I'm considering possib111ties that previously the gloom but not the doom." that the Great Debate failed to occur because I never dreamed I would have to consider." Nevertheless, there is little disposition to "the Watergate Syndrome" helped stifle the Ashby Bladen, a top financial man at the quarrel with the pointed warning by Arthur possibillties of rational discourse. Part of the Guardian Life Insurance Company, has said: Burns, Martin's successor at the Fed. It came, problem stemmed from the widespread view "A return to either price stability or financial not necessarily by happenstance, a day after at the Capitol that the central command post stab111ty without an intervening crash ap­ President Nixon assured the nation on May 25 in an economic crisis must be the White pears to me to be practically impossible . . ." that the economic news was bound to be House. On this point, a Joint Economic Com­ On a more private level, the tone of the improving. Burns asserted that the pro­ mittee spokesman said: "Proposal after pro­ debate in Washington was reflected in a tracted continuation of inflation rates com­ posal for a congressional initiative was widely-quoted magazine article by a respected parable to the 12 percent rate of May 1974 dashed on the rock of the lack of confidence British historian, Geoffrey Barraclough, as­ "would threaten the very foundation of our that the White House could or would carry serting, apropos of the U.S., that "the time society." out the policy." has come to stop talking about recession and So the public debate was "scrubbed" by to start talking about the awful word [de­ default. The House Banking Committee held pression] that the economists had shunned RESULTS OF DISTRICTWIDE desultory hearings and more purposeful hear­ like typhus since the 1930's. Barraclough, an SURVEY ings were held by the Johnston Subcommit­ expert on the U.S. economy, emphasized that tee of the Senate Banking Committee and by those who were harking back to the 1929 the Joint Economic Committee. But that was crash were bankers, international financial HON. PAUL W. CRONIN about all, exce:r.:>t for Senator Muskie's abor­ leaders, and respected economists, "not the OF MASSACHUSETTS tive end-of-April and early-May push for professional purveyors of Toynebeean gloom." standby controls and/or a monitoring blll. He quoted, for example, from the experts at IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The degree to which congressional debate the Institute of Applied Economics in Mel­ Monday, August 12, 1974 was restricted in its scope and terms, particu­ bourne, Australia, and from a senior Treasury larly in the House, was illustrated by the official in the British government who was Mr. CRONIN. Mr. Speaker. more than comment of a leading member of the House "backed by the authority of Lord Robbins 22,000 residents of my Fifth Congres­ Banking Committee: "Last spring, the coun­ and Roberthall," conservative economic sional District of Massachusetts re­ try had an ominous situation on prices and experts. sponded to a questionnaire which I re­ interest rates. The Economic Stabilization Act Taking note of swelling interest rates, cently mailed to them. Their answers was due to expire on April 30 and you would economist William Rickenbacker added a have thought that we would have had a boil­ ch111ing historical note: "Toward the end of confirm what I believe is a growing na­ ing debate. But what happened? Only the the inflationary boom of the 1920's, short­ tional trend: Inflation is their No. 1 insistence of Henry Reuss, the member with term money earned exactly 20 percent on concern; 47.9 percent of the responses the greatest expertise on domestic and inter­ Wall Street. Just before the end." Barra­ listed the rising cost of living as the most national financial matters, persuaded the clough capped his commentary with this ci­ pressing issue facing them. Chairman [Wright Patman of Texas] that the tation for a new book by economist Robert In related fiscal concerns, 71.9 percent committee should have an executive session Hellbroner called An Inquiry Into The Hu­ of the respondents favored removal of on the Act. Otherwise, the law would have man Prospect. HeUbroner foresees the Amer­ the earnings limitation on pay for social expired without the committee's holding a ican people some years hence sitting in the security recipients in order to allow re­ single meeting to consider its course." ruins of "the giant factory, the huge office," For the most part, the na tiona! dialogue on and "the urban complex," and finding "so­ lief to those living on ·a fixed income. inflation has either been conducted privately lace" in "tradition and ritual" and in our Military aid to Southeast Asia found op­ or in the papers and magazines. For the first "private beliefs." position from 62.4 percent of the people time in years, it was marked by a number of But even Barraclough indicated that he answering the questionnaire, and they fright words and flashbacks that had been was not talking about a depression this year ranked the expenditure of Federal funds out of style for years, except for the quad­ or next. Some Washington observers sug­ for energy programs as a top fiscal pri­ rennial Democratic attacks on Herbert Hoo­ gested that more credible counsel on the ority. The constituents also favored a ver. There was increasing talk within the threat of depression has come from Paul A. balanced budget and limited Federal financial community and among other eco­ Samuelson, MIT's Nobel laureate in eco­ spending. nomic specialists of "hyperinflation" (infia· nomics, who said in March that there was "no tion in its most fearful and rampant form), Another key issue for the district is depression, and references to the German cogent evidence" of an imminent worldwide confidence in government, ranked sec­ Weimar Republic's spectacular 1923 inflation depression. The talk of depression, said ond in significance among problems fac­ when wages were collected twice daily, some­ Samuelson, came largely !rom the "free-lance ing all Americans. Voters split on the times in wheelbarrows. journalists, the goldbugs and the financial sensationalists," a group whose forecasting question of Federal campaign funding Dirge-like noises about a possible business 41.7 percent favoring the concept for collapse have come from Henry Kaufman, record is "miserable". the chief economist for Salomon Brothers, Samuelson also was supported by William presidential and congressional cam­ one of the premier Wall Street bond houses, McChesney Martin, the former Federal Re­ paigns, while 42.7 percent are opposed to and from other conservative economists who serve Board chairman, now an active advisor it. prefer anonymity. One said: "I'm certainly to industry and to the financial community, The full results to the questionnaire not advertising the end of the world, but I who noted on July 22 that "there is a lot of are as follows:

Percentage Percentage Unde· No Unde· No Yes No cided response Yes No clded response

1. Environment: Should Federal environmental 9. Social securi~: Do you favor removal of the standards be relaxed during a national ear.ni!JgS lmitat!on for social security energy shortage?------___ • ______.------54.0 33.5 6.0 6.0 rec1p1ents? ___ •• _____ ---·-·· __ •••• ______• _ 71.9 15.7 6.3 5.8 2. Health msurance: Do you favor nationalized 10. Capital punishment: Do you favor capital health insurance? ______._. __ ------· 59.7 24.9 9.5 5.6 punishment?_------·------58.5 28.2 7.7 5.3 3. Jms,eachment: Given the evidence available to 11. Postal Service: Do you feel that you are re- ate, do you believe President Nixon should ceiving better service from the new Postal be impeached?_._ ••••• ___ ._. ___ • ______55.2 30.5 9.0 5.1 Service as opposed to the old Post Office 4. Control inflation: What action should Congress Department?------__ ---- 18.1 56.1 19.2 6. 3 take in the area of inflation? 12. School aid: Do fou favor Federal aid to private A. Selective controls on food and rent? ____ 41.6 25.3 7.5 24.9 and parochia schools? ______36.4 51.8 6.2 5.2 B. Firm wage and price controls across 13. Legislative service: Congress has established the board?. ___ •• __ • ____ • ______39.4 29.1 8. 7 22.2 an office to provide information on the status C. Limit Federal spending?------68.2 7.4 5.3 18.6 of legislation. If a toll-free telephone line D. Increase Federal taxes? ______7. 3 56.8 6.2 29.1 to this office were provided, how often would 1 1 57.7 9.1 9.6 23.0 you utilize this service?. ______22.7 54.2 14.9 7.0 s. camiai:Oa ~~~~dti~~f~dhe~~~ d b~~~:f~eiiiiiif ·arid- Congressional campaigns be financed by 14. Most critical: Which of the following do you consider the No. 1 problem you are Federal tax dollars?. ______41.4 42.7 8.6 7.0 facing?: Percent 6. Abortion: Do you favor a constitutional amend· Taxes. ______••••• ----·----.------··------10.8 ment to prohibit abortion?------21.4 67.5 5. 7 5.1 1nflation. ·•• _•.•. _. _•• ______•• ____ • ______• ______•• 47.9 7. Southeast Asia: Do you sup~ort continued Confidence in Government. ______.. ------___ • __ • __ ._------_ 18.6 militarb and econom1c aid to outheast Asia?_ 22.9 62.4 8. 7 5. 7 15. Priority spending: Of the categories listed below, which do you think are the 3 8. Busing: o you favor a constitutional amend- areas in which Congress should spend the most money? (1) Energy; (2) Defense; ment to prohibit busing of school-age children (3) Education. to attain racial balance?------· 56.5 30.7 7.1 5.5 August 12, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27'983 TAXPAYERS' MONEY SPENT do not have the goods and services to total American aid to Cambodia to $276 FOOLISHLY back, you are going to have an over­ million. My amendment would reimpose heated economy or, more simply, infla­ the now-dormant ceiling on such aid tion. As I pointed out earlier, we here in contained in section 655 of the Foreign HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO the Congress all hate to see this excessive Assistance Act, which covers all conceiv­ OF CALIFORNIA spending. But why then does it continue able forms of military and economic aid IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to occur? An incident which happened on to Cambodi~, . Aid to Cambodia is an im­ Monday, August 12, 1974 the floor of the House just the other day portant question of American foreign Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker as may give some insight into why this policy. It seems to me that the adminis­ we here in the Congress struggle to ftnd mysterious spending continues to occur. tration's present course of seemingly un­ solutions to end the crippling inflationary In considering a $145 million appro­ limited assistance to the Lon Nol regime spiral our economy is now experiencing priation bill, I, along with 126 of my col­ is a grave and dangerous mistake, and leagues, voted to lower the spending level that Congress should assert its responsi­ I hope the Members of this body will bility to rectify this situation. bear in mind one suggestion I have to of this measure to its year earlier total offer. That is, the need to end the present of $105,275,000. This represented a "cut" WEAKNESS OF THE LON NOL GOVERNMENT wanton amount of wasteful and unneces­ of $39,725,000 from the amount the spon­ The Lon Nol government took power in sary Government spending that has been sors of this bill wan ted. a 1970 coup, ousting Prince Norodom occurring over the last four decades and I did not support this reduction simply Sihanouk. Since then, there has been a which is one of the main causes of our out of blind opposition to any spending steady attempt by a collection of "insur­ financial difficulties today. increase. Instead, I felt this particular gent" forces, most notably those led by I know this is not a new solution. spending was wasteful and unnecessary. the Prince and the Khmer Rouge-the But it is one which has been frequently What particularly disturbed me was are­ Communist Party of Cambodia-to over­ courted by the Members of this body but cent study by the General Accounting turn the Lon Nol regime. As the conflict seldom have we fully embraced it in a Office of some of the projects funded in rages on, the insurgents are gaining long and lasting relationship of any sort. this budget in the past. Their report re­ strength. Estimates vary as to how much Usually the patronizing words and vealed frightening examples of waste and of the country they control, but 60 per­ phrases of "efficient government" echoed a flagrant disregard of the taxpayers of cent of the territory and 40 percent of for the folks back home give way to new this Nation. Among some of the ridicu­ the population seem to be minimum and even higher budget deficits. lous projects funded were the following: figures. Government spending has grown from $70,000 for the study of the smell of per­ This represents a significant advance spiration given off by the Australian since Lon Nol took power. The provincial about 10 percent of the national income aborigines; prior to 1929 to about 40 percent today. capitals still held by Lon Nol are sur­ $6,000 for a study of Polish frogs; rounded and can be supplied only by air. Over the same period, the relative role $71,000 to study the history of comic of the Federal Government and State and books; Highways leading to Phnom Penh are local governments has been reversed. In $121,000 for a study to learn why people also blocked, and should the insurgents 1929, State and local governments spent say "ain't"; cut off the Mekong River supply route, almost twice as much as the Federal $46,089 for an encyclopedia on witchcraft; as they have the potential for doing, Government; in 1970 the Federal Gov­ $5,000 to the poet who wrote the poem Phnom Penh too would be limited to air "LIGHGHT" (That is not the title but the transports for outside contact. ernment spent almost twice as much as content of the whole poem.) State and local governments. There is also the possibility that this This change is mostly a product of the On the very day this bill was passed, fall Lon Nol will be ejected from the past 40 years, dating from the onset of Democrats in the Congress emerged United Nations and a Communist dele­ the New Deal. For the first century and from their caucus pledging to "cut out gation seated in his place. a half of our Nation's existence, total waste and unnecessary expenditures As fighting continues, human suffer­ Government spending-so far as we can wherever found." They then proceeded Ing in Cambodia abounds. No one claims judge from the meager data available, to add $40 million to a budget which in to have reliable statistics on casualties never exceeded about 10 percent of na­ the past had been used to finance such due to the war in Cambodia, but Lon tional income except in time of major wasteful and unnecessary projects that Nol's Ambassador to the United States, war. And State and local spending was I have just mentioned. Mr. Urn Sim, estimates that casualties throughout that time roughly twice as If this is what they mean by cutting are running at about 150-200 per week- large as Federal spending. Total spend­ waste they must be operating under 8,000-10,000 per year. Other estimates ing as a percentage of national income some new principle. This new principle run higher-New York Times, July 10, nearly doubled in the decade after 1929, could be stated something like this: 1974. According to the Senate Subcom­ and then nearly doubled again in the When some agency demonstrates that it 1s mittee on Refugees and Escapees, al­ next three decades. not using the taxpayers money wisely, we most one half of Cambodia's entire popu­ Table I is as follows: wlll punish them by giving them more lation has been forced to move since the money to use wastefully. beginning of hostilities in 1970. At least TABLE I.-GOVERNMENT SPENDING AS PERCENTAGE half of the 2,000,000 people of Phnom OF NATIONAL INCOME With actions such as these, I can un­ derstand why our inflation rate is run­ Penh are refugees. And furthermore, the ning at 12 percent a year. I only dread war has inspired severe inflation: prices State and increased 472 percent between January 1, Year Federal local Total the thought of what our budget and economy will look like after this Novem­ 1972 and January 1, 1974. June 1974 staff 1900 ______study of House Foreign Affairs Commit­ 3.4 6. 1 9. 5 ber if an even bigger majority of like­ 3. 0 tee, "United States Aid to Indochina," 19401929______------8.9 11.9 minded Congressmen to apply their eco­ 12.3 10.4 22.7 nomics of waste. page 21. 1950_ ------16.9 8. 3 25.2 The extreme weakness of the Lon N ol 1960_ ------22.4 10.4 32.8 1970_ ------25.5 13.6 39.1 government is well recognized. Whatever constituency Lon Nol ever had-the ur­ Source: Economic Report of the President. LIMITING AID TO CAMBODIA ban elite and the students-has aban­ doned him by now; students in fact Much of this spending has been with staged protests against Lon Nol this money we do not even have in our Treas­ HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON spring-Philip A. McCombs, Washington ury. In the last 5 years this Nation has OF MASSACHUSETTS Post, June 6, 1974. Internally, the Lon spent more than it has taken in. Our IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Nol government is marked by repeated l!ational debt is approaching a half a shuffling and by an inability to deal with trillion dollars-five hundreds of bil­ Monday, August 12, 1974 the problems the country is facing. Lon lions-and the interest on that debt is Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, this Nol recently fired members of his cabi­ predicted to be $31 million for next year week, as the Foreign Affairs Committee net, whose original presence the United alone. continues mark-up of foreign aid legis­ States had cited as evidence that he was Now as any freshman in economics can lation requested by the President, I ex­ strengthening his government. And, in tell you, when you print money that you pect to offer an amendment limiting their July 1974 staff study, House For- 27984 EXTENSIONS OF R.£MARKS August 12, 1974 eign Affairs Committee staff members as far back as last spring ofticial sources er, is impeding that solution, doing the John Brady and John Sullivan state admitted there was no evidence of Viet­ opposite of what Secretary Kissinger that: namese troops performing combat roles states as our goal: Despite its perilous military and economic in Cambodia-Washington Star. April To help create stability in that country as situation, there is strikingly little sense of 12, 1973. The indigenous character of the a. part of our effort to encourage the de­ urgency evident in Phnom Penh. Reports of insurgent movement in Cambodia justi­ velopment of peace in the entire region. high living among top military and civilian fies the description of the conflict as a (CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, April 1, 1974, page officials are prevalent. Until quite recently, 9034). Mercedes automobiles, television sets, and civil war in the fullest sense of the term. delicacies such as canned asparagus and IS OUR CAMBODIA POLICY REALISTIC? Finally, any claim that it is neces­ Hennessy cognac continued to be imported. What, then, is the United States doing sary to U.S. interes-ts to maintain this WIDESPREAD CORRUPTION REPORTED ir.. Cambodia? Secretary of State Kissin­ support for Lon Nol must be challenged. The widespread corruption of this re­ ger, in a memo provided to Senator Ken­ Our original involvement in Cambodia gime is well reported. High-ranking of­ nedy on March 25, 1974, said that: stemmed from the connections between ficers of the Cambodian Army are known we are convinced that with United States Hanoi and the Khmer Rouge, but that is to profit heavily from the thriving black material and diplomatic support the Khmer no longer a legitimate claim. There are market-Sydney H. Schanberg, New Republic's demonstration of m111tary and traditional hostilities and cultural differ­ York Times, August 8, 1974. One of the economic viab111ty will persuade their now ences between Cambodians and Viet­ most alarming forms of corruption, intransigent opponents to move to a political namese, so that even if Communists con­ solutton of the Cambodian conflict." (CoN­ trolled Cambodia full cooperation be­ from the U.S. point of view, is the whole­ GRESSIONAL RECORD, April 1, 1974, page 9035.) sale diversion of U.S.-supplied military tween them and Hanoi would be unlike­ supplies for sale in Phnom Penh-or The hope is that a "Laos-type" agree­ ly. The weakness of the current govern­ through middlemen to the Khmer ment in which the Khmer Communists ment in Phnom Penh allows the North Rouge-Donald Kirk, Chicago Tribune, would form a coalition with GKR-Gov­ Vietnamese to pressure South Vietnam June 26, 1974. These sorts of practices ernment of the Khmer Republic-ofti­ on its western borders just as much as led Messrs. Brady and Sullivan to recog­ cials, in a government of national unity, would a Communist government with a would result. It seems to me that this viability of its own. nize that "there is no guarantee that But more fundamentally, the United U.S. aid will be used efticiently, effec­ hope is based on a false assessment of the Cambodian situation, particularly as States must recognize, along with the tively, and without corruption." spirit of detente, that it is not essential DEPENDENCY ON THE UNITED STATES it compares with that in Laos. In Laos, Souvanna Phouma, who formed the to American security in all cases to have With these sorts of characteristics, it coalition with the Communist Soupha­ foreign countries run by pro-U.S. govern­ is no wonder that, as Messrs. Brady and navong, was a respected leader, and the ments; that the United States can coexist Sullivan say, two sides were relatively even in strength. and even cooperate with other govern­ The Lon Nol government in Phnom Penh This bears no similarity to the situation ments, regardless of their ideology. The is fully dependent for its existence on the imperative is clear for the United States military and economic assistance of the in Cambodia. Lon Nol neither has any United States. real constituency nor commands any re­ to choose a rational course of action and spect from his opposition, which refuses curtail this wasteful investment of The U.S. role in maintaining this gov­ to negotiate with him. American dollars and sacrifice of Cam­ ernment far transcends the transfers of And the Lon Nol government's inferior bodian lives. goods and money. John Gunther Dean, military organization, institutionalized THE HARRINGTON AMENDMENT the American Ambassador to Cambodia, corruption, and narrow political base Section 655 of the Foreign Asssistance has made it clear that he believes he is, make it quite unlikely that it will be Act was first enacted in 1971, to apply to in effect, running the country-Philip A. capable of reaching even a stalemate. fiscal year 1972, at the request of Senator McCombs, Washington Post, June 6, 1974. Even Ambassador Dean's attempts to STUART SYMINGTON. It was not, however, He gives orders to certain politicians and, make it function effectively, while caus­ extended for either fiscal years 1973 or according to Messrs. Brady and Sullivan, ing some improvements-a reduction in 1974. The need for this ceiling, originally By his own admission he does not hesitate "phantom" soldiers on the payrolls, for set at $341 million, is apparent. American to give strategic mmtary advice to Lon Nol example-have resulted in much frus­ aid to Cambodia has increased remark­ or tactical adVice to subordinate mUltary commanders. tration, as its corrupt practices are ably in the past 2 years. In fiscal year deeply ingrained. The United States must 1973, the administration spent $251 mil­ There is also evidence, desp1te statu­ ask itself, then, whether its policy has lion in total assistance to Cambodia. This tory provisions prohibiting U.S. military any realistic prospects for success which assistance level grew to $710 million in advisers in Cambodia, that U.S. ofticials, would warrant the vast investment of fiscal year 1974, and this year the admin­ upon delivering equipment, have felt it resources we are now making. We must istration has proposed $580 million, with necessary to give the Cambodians con­ act wisely now to avert another drawn­ a cut-back in Public Law 480-food for siderable advice to make sure that it is out commitment to a futile cause. peace-funds-from $194 million in used properly. It is clear, then, that the It is hard to predict in an exact sense fiscal 1974 to $77 million in fiscal 1975- "Nixon Doctrine's" expectation that what would happen if the United States basically accounting for the reduction. American aid can function to enable reduced its commitment to Lon Nol. It This $580 million request, however, does other governments to defend themselves is difticult to imagine tha,.t he would stay not include the special authorities and 1s not entirely realistic, at least as it in his present position of power, al­ "loopholes" the administration can use applies to Cambodia; by giving aid, the though his ability to hang on has been to supplement the basic authorization. United States has made a commitment underestimated in the past: Secretary Last year, for example, the administra­ to the Khmer Republic which leads to . Kissinger predicted his fall upon the tion requested $167,194,000 for military our assisting it in additional ways­ bombing halt of August 16, 1973. There assistance program-MAP-funds to which could conceivably lead to direc~ is a possibility that more moderate poli­ Cambodia, but, by using section 506 U.S. military involvement. ticians would take over in Phnom Penh, "drawdown authority" ended up spend­ In looking at the Cambodian situation, and that the insurgents would be con­ it is important also to recognize that ing $375,012,000 for MAP. Public Law tent to negotiate with these people. An 480 expenditures in Cambodia were also North Vietnam. no longer aids the actual insurgent attack and takeover of Khmer Rouge. In fact, relations between Phnom Penh is far from a certainty, as jacked up. This sort of problem can only these two groups are reported to be an assault on a city requires large ex­ be solved by a legislative mechanism such strained. Press articles have suggested penditures of resources which the as section 655, which sets a ceiling on all instances of fighting betweer. the Khmer Khmer Rouge would not be likely to forms of aid to Cambodia, including Rouge and the North Vietnamese. The want to make. reprograming. administration originally claimed that At any rate, the solution of Cam­ Measures introduced in the Foreign American involvement in the Cambodian bodia's political problems will be a com­ Affairs Committee by two of my col­ conflict was necessary to make North plex process. The one thing that is clear leagues will have the effect of reducing Vietnam honor the Paris Agreements and is that the United States, by keeping the authorization for aid to Cambodia. I withdraw its troops from Cambodia, but Lon Nolin an artificial position of pow- am referring to Congressman WHALEN's August 12, 19'74 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27985 amendment dealing with Indochina Agriculture Appropriations Act, recently your testimony as assurance that exceptions Postwar Reconstruction, which passed passed by the Congress, which states that beyond. the ones you listed wUl not be made? Sincerely, the committee last Thursday, and to no more than 10 percent of Public Law LES ASPIN, Congressman HAMILTON's amendment 480 title I appropriated funds can ~ to Member of Congress. dealing with the military assistance pro­ any one country. And I would like to see gram-MAP-which is expected to pass the military assistance program cut to DEPARTMENT OF THE Am FORCE, the committee this week. The "Whalen $140 million, a level close to that spent Washington, D.O., August 6, 1974. amendment" reduced economic aid to in fiscal year 1973; this would amount Honorable LEs AsPIN, Cambodia by $35 million, and the to a further $75 million reduction in House of Representatives. DEAR MR. AsPIN: Thank you for your letter "Hamilton amendment" lowers military military aid from the "Hamilton­ of 29 July concerning the problem of pro­ aid by $160 million. I applaud these Whalen" levels. A table breaking down viding advance not1flcation of flying status measures, but believe that more cuts the fiscal year 1974 expenditures, the change to enlisted aircrew members. This can and should be made. administration's fiscal year 1975 request, detailed response is intended to clarify the The food for peace request should be the effect of the Whalen and Hamilton Air Force position with respect to procedures reduced from $77 million to $42 million, amendments, and my proposed $276 now in effect-and changes to law/executive 1n compliance with the amendment to the million figure follows: order which we recommend-to insure com­ pliance with the Congressional mandate. In addition, I would like to take this opportu­ Effect of nity to follow up on my commitment to you Fiscal year 1974 Whalen and during the 17 July hearing to advise whether expenditures Fiscal year 1975 Hamilton Harrington or not there would be any exceptions to the Program (estimate) request amendments proposal stated policy over and above those discussed during the hearing. · MAP ______$375, 000, 000 $362, 500, 000 $140, 000, 000 First, let me address what we have done $230, 000, 000 to ensure compliance with the Congressional 37,200,000 27,500,000 16,000,000 10,400,000 3, 200,000 3, 200,000 3, 000,000 mandate. The attachment to this letter con­ ~~~~~Ym~~~!~:i~~~======tains the detailed policy and procedural Total military ______------422, 600, 000 393, 200, 000 233, 000, 000 159, 000, 000 practices that have been placed into effect. You will note that, while rather complex, Indochina postwar reconstruction __ ------95,000,000 110, 000, 000 75,000,000 75,000,000 Public Law 480 (Food for Peace>------194, 200, 000 77,000,000 77,000,000 42,000,000 they are designed to tighten controls we had established earlier and to preclude a. recur­ Total economic_------__ 289, 200, 000 187, 000, 000 152, 000, 000 117, 000, 000 rence of the situation we had at McClellan Total ______711, 800, 000 580, 200, 000 385, 000, 000 276, 000, 000 AFB. Unfortunately, I cannot say that we "foresee no difficulty in meeting fully the 120 days' notice specified." There might be occa­ NOTICE ON LOSS OF FLIGHT PAY shall report on their answers when sional administrative foul-ups because of the FOR ENLISTED AIR FORCE PER­ received. complexity involved, but we should be able SONNEL JULY 29, 1974. to correct any such instances when and if Lt. General JOHN W. ROBERTS, USAF, they occur. Deputy Chief of Staff, Personnel, Headqua'l"­ Of greater concern is the fact that short ters, USAF, Washington, D.O. notice, unanticipated unit deactivations, HON. LES ASPIN DEAR GENERAL ROBERTS: Thank you for where all of the aircraft are removed from the OF WISCONSIN your prompt attention to the plight of the inventory at a given installation could create IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES enlisted crew members at McClellan AFB a situation where compliance with the ex­ who were grounded with no notice. I am ecutive order would be impossible. While Monday, August 12, 1974 pleased that the Air Force concluded it has such instances would be very rare, they could Mr. ASPIN. Mr. Speaker, to update sufficient management flexib111ty to guarantee occur. Moreover, as indicated in General the Armed Forces' progress toward ob­ the 120 days' notice before loss of flight pay Benade's letter of 26 July to you, the Comp­ troller General is being asked to comment on serving a congressionally imposed re­ as directed by Congress. Your new instruc­ tions to the field requiring notification of the legal ramifications of authorizing tem­ quirement that enlisted men be given 120 Headquarters, USAF, whenever local units porary overmanning under conditions where days notice before loss of flight pay, I am and major air commands cannot meet the enlisted crew members would otherwise have submitting for the record a letter from notice requirement should go far toward been removed from fl1ght duties. In this lat­ Lieutenant General Roberts explaining preventing future mistakes like the one I ter case, we feel we are on solid ground in how the Air Force will handle this brought to your attention. view of the statement of Congressional in­ As I understand your new system, you tent contained in the House Report. However, matter. You will recall my recent we must await the outcome of the Comptrol· announcement that 106 enlisted crew­ foresee no difficulty in meeting fully the 120 days' notice spec1fled by Congress. This ler General ruling before we are sure. members at McClellan Air Force Base, w111 be done for all enlisted crew members Because of these uncertainties, and in Calif., had been grounded without the with few exceptions. The exceptions you order to remove any question as to adequate notice required by Congress. In subse­ mentioned I believe are acceptable to the notification in all instances, we feel that the quent hearings before the Military Com­ members of the Mllitary Compensation Sub­ best course of action is to amend the execu­ pensation Subcommittee of the Armed committee. They are crew members grounded tive order which, as now written, constitutes Services Committee, General Roberts ad­ for cause or because of medical disqualifica­ the fundamental cause of the problem by tion. Further, there is no reason to treat non­ virtue of its definition of "frequent and mitted to an administrative foul up and crew members, who are assigned flight duties regular" flight. The Air Force General Coun­ promised to correct the wrong done to for a period or for a task specified in orders, sel's initial reaction is that this can be done, these men. He also assured the subcom­ differently than you always have. and the Comptroller General will be queried mittee that he had taken steps to prevent One other exception suggested in your toward this end as well. The proposed amend­ future mistakes by establishing strict testimony does not seem to be one with com­ ment would simply add a section which controls. mon application. It pertains to crew members would state that an enlisted aircrew member who is involuntarily removed from flight To insure the subcommittee's under­ prevented from performing "frequent and regular aerial flight" because aircraft are not status with less than the 120 days' notice standing of the Air Force's new system available. The "frequent and regular" criteria. may be deemed to have fulfilled all require­ was correct, I wrote to General Roberts are defined in an executive order. While ments for receipt of the pay for a period of asking for a verification of his promises. changing an executive order may be complex, up to 120 days from date of notification. His answer assures me that as far as would it not be an easier way of eliminating Should such an amendment not be possible, the Air Porce is concerned enlisted this exception than legislation? we will develop and propose through OSD Chairman Stratton has suggested legisla· a legislative solution that will provide re­ aviators will be given every protection tion might be the best way to insure enlisted course. possible. Copies of these letters follow. crew member save-pay for 120 days or some In the closing paragraph ·or your letter, Of course, a seemingly satisfactory Air other period. If you think the matter should you asked me to confirm that exceptions to Force system does not mean the issue be considered by Congress, I would like you the 120 days' notification rule beyond those identified in my testimony wi11 not be made. can be forgotten, and so far I have not to tell me what features you wish to see in an enlisted flight pay protection blll. Though all the points were covered at one heard from the Office of the Secretary of Would you please confirm my under­ place or another, let me expand upon them Defense nor the Secretaries of the Army standing of how you plan to meet the 120 here so there is no misunderstanding. and Navy whom I also asked to comment day requirement and the exceptions to it you First of all, I was addressing the involun­ on the Air Force's promised procedures. I wish to make? Am I correct in interpreting tary removal of crew members. Numerous 27986 August 12, 1974 instances will occur where a.n individual will tice. It was an even more difficult time members nationwide, over 6,000 of whom live volunteer for a. job that does not involve for President Nixon who, recognizing the in Virginia.. flight duties. This is especially true of those certainty of impeachment in the House The League strongly endorses H.R. 11120, members who a.re dual hatted, i.e., those which would designate the New River, from whose primary skills are ground oriented a.nd and~robability of ultimate conviction in its headwaters in North Carolina. to the vi­ who a.re on flying sta. tus by virtue of the the Senate, desided to resign from the cinity of Ga.la.x, Virginia., a.s a. potential addi­ need to apply that skill, on a. continuing highest office in our land, turning the re­ tion to the National Wild a.nd Scenic Rivers basis, on board a.n aircraft when it is in sponsibilities of the Chief Executive over System. We recognize that the river, the flight (ra.da.r repairman, for example). to Gerald Ford. a man in whom the h1lls that cradle it, a.nd the valleys through Those, who, for one reason or another volun­ American people have great faith and which it flows could be dedicated to a.ny ot tarily remove themselves (e.g., request sep­ trust. a number of competing uses. However, we aration in order to reenlist for a. base of are convinced that preservation of the river choice, elect to retire, or self-initiate a. re­ While historic perspective must be the in a. free-flowing condition constitutes the quest for removal from flight status for per­ ultimate judge of President Nixon's deci­ wisest use of the resource. sonal reasons) would be considered excep­ sion, his voluntary removal from office As you know, the Wild a.nd Scenic Rivers tions to the 120 days' notification require­ was in the best interests of our Nation. Act states that it is "the policy of the ment. Hopefully, it brings to a close the tragic United States that certain selected rivers Second, there is the "for cause" category. Watergate episode and all it represents. of the Nation which, with their immediate This would include members who a.re sepa­ It is time now for a reunited Nation to environments, possess outstandingly remark­ rated from the Air Force for cause, relieved able scenic, recreational, geologic, fish a.nd from flight duties for cause (e.g., drug usage, turn its attention to the pressing prob­ wildlife, historical, cultural or other similar failure to meet skill performance standards, lems at hand, both foreign and domestic, values shall be preserved in free-flowing con­ etc.), those who become AWOL or a.re con­ giving Watergate and all its related dition, a.nd ... protected for the benefit fined a.nd those who a.re removed for medical events the role it warrants-a memorable a.nd enjoyment of present a.nd future gen­ reasons. Incidentally, in this latter case lesson from which we all can learn. erations." there is a. clause written into the executive It is time now to foster in the hearts The New River scores high in each of order which authorizes continuation of pa.y and minds of all Americans an era of these categories. The scenery varies from for 90 da.ys in instances where a. member ls good will which has been so warmly dem­ wooded mountains to a. bucolic landscape of unable to meet performance requirements isolated farms along the bottom lands. because of a.n incapacitating aviation acci­ onstrated in -the first few days of the Blessed with water of unusually high quality, dent. It is partially because of this clause Ford administration. It is time, too, for the New is ideally suited to family canoeing that we think we have a. good case for the our Nation to respond affirmatively to a.nd float trips. The upper reaches of the amendment discussed earlier. President Ford's request for confirmation river have been said to offer the best small Finally, there is the category where the by prayers. mouth bass fishing in North Carolina.. The aircraft are simply not available in order for Accordingly, let us warmly greet this natural values of the New were well sum­ the member to perform "frequent and regu­ new era in our Nation's history with the marized by the Environmental Protection lar" flight at a given installation. This situ­ knowledge and confidence that our Con­ Agency when it stated that the river is a. ation could occur when the aircraft are "major environmental resource of marked grounded for safety reasons or the unit is stitution is, indeed, in working order; scenic, recreational, a.nd biological value." deactivated with a. less than 120 days• ad­ that we have an outstanding leader of The biological resource is said to include vance notice and all of the unit equipment solid strength in the White House and over 60 species of fish, of which some eleven 1s transferred elsewhere. These situations that our Nation can and will meet the a.re thought to be rare or endangered. The will be rare, but we cannot unequivocally challenges which lie ahead under the botanical province through which the river state they will not occur. capable leadership of our 38th President, d.ows displays a.n unusual variety of northern In closing, I wish to assure you that we our friend and former colleague, Gerald a.nd southern plants growing near the limits are doing everything possible, within the R. Ford. of their ranges. For example, according to constraints of la.w as we understand them, the Manual of Vascular Flora of the Caro­ to comply with the Congressional mandate linas, eight rare vascular plants a.re found in this matter. As noted in the insert for in Ashe a.nd Allegheny Counties, North Caro­ record contained on page 592, Transcript of IZAAK WALTON LEAGUE ENDORSES lina.. The extraordinary botanical diversity of Hearings (H.A.S.C. No. 93-20) a.nd in my re­ LEGISLATION TO SAVE NEW the area. constitutes a.n irreplaceable scien­ cent testimony, the Air Force is entirely in RIVER tific resource. accord with the policy. Hopefully, a. change The New also occupies a. special niche in to the executive order ca.n be obtained which the geological history. The Chairman of the Will obviate the need for a.ny involuntary HON. WILMER MIZELL Geology Department of Marshall University exceptions to .the 120 days' notification pol­ OF NORTH CAROLINA has claimed that the New is the oldest river in North America.-that it ha.s been flowing icy in the future. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Sincerely for over 100 mUllan years. Whether or not JOHN W. ROBERTS, Monday, August 12, 1974 that exact figure is correct, it is well estab­ lished that the New is a. very old a.nd geo­ Lieutenant General, USAF Deputy Mr. MIZELL. Mr. Speaker, I have al­ Chief of Staff, Personnel. logically significant drainage-a. remnant of ways admired the conscientious efforts the pre-glacial Teays River. of the Izaak Walton League of America Finally, the New River a.nd the valley thatt to conserve our Nation's precious natural it drains possess notable cultural a.nd histori­ A BEGINNING AND AN END resources. Its 55,000 members are a vital cal values. It 1s inha:bited by people who are force in promoting wise conservation pol­ deeply rooted in the land, people who a.re icies for our country. I am proud that the directly descended from the pioneers who settled the area. in the 18th Century. ]t is HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN Izaak Walton League supports legislation one of those rare places where the names on OF NEW YORK which would provide for the study of a the ma.tlboxes ca.n be matched with those on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES segment of the New River for possible the decaying gravestones. inclusion in the national wild and scenic The history o! the area is not one of great Monday, August 12, 1974 rivers system. events or outstanding structures. It is, Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, this eve­ I would like to insert into the RECORD rather, a. living, breathing history of every­ ning as Gerald R. Ford returns to the the remarks of Maitland S. Sharpe, en­ day life-a. continuous, unbroken thread of culture a.nd heritage that stretches through House of Representatives to address a vironmental affairs director for the more than two hundred years of American Joint Session of Congress as the 38th league, given before the House Interior history. President of the United States of Amer­ and Insular Affairs Subcommittee on Mr. Chairman, the biological, recreational, ica, it marks the beginning of a new era National Parks and Recreation: a.nd scenic values of the New River have been in our Nation's history, an era we all STATEMENT BY MAITLAND S. SHARPE examined in greB.~ter detail in the statement look forward to with optimism. Mr. Chairman and Members of the Com­ of Mr. Lorne Campbell, President of the Ne,w Last week brought an end to a trying, mittee: I a.m Maitland Sharpe, Environ­ River Chapter of the League. But we believe wrenching period for our Nation, as Rich­ mental Affairs Director for the Iza.a.k Walton that even this brief overview shows the New ard Nixon resigned from the Presidency. League of America. a.nd a. life-long resident River to be a. worthy addition to the Na­ It was a sad moment for me as I an­ o! the State of Virginia.. The League is a tional Wild a.nd Scenic Rivers System. membership organization dedicated to the The Iza.a.k Walton League of America. urges nounced my intention to support article conservation a.nd wise use of the nation's this committee to a.ct favorably on this pro­ I of the impeachment resolution, charg­ natural resources, our a.ir, soil, woods, waters, posal to insure for future generations the ing the President with obstruction of jus- and wildlife. We have more than 55,000 benefits o! a. natural, free-flowing New River. August 12, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27987 THE 15TH ANNIVERSARY OF STATE OF ILLINOIS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES share with them their aspiration for the re­ CAPTIVE NATIONS WEEK HOUSE RESOLUTION covery. of their freedom and independence." Whereas, In 1959 President Dwight D. Those words may seem to have a somewhat Eisenhower and the Congress of the United hollow ring in the light of all that has tran­ HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI States designated the third week in July spired. As the result of agreements reached OF ILLINOIS as Captive Nations week in order to focus during the era of detente, and of what has world attention on the plight of those na­ been called our "no-win" policy in Asia, the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tions who have lost their national independ­ captive nations are not only still captive but Monday, August 12, 1974 ence as the result of direct and indirect their captivity in some cases has been hard­ aggression of world communism; and ened and made permanent. Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, the Whereas, The National independence of Equally significant, as agreement follows observance of the 15th anniversary of Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Hungry, Poland, upon agreement between the West and its Captive Nations Week here and abroad Byelorussia, Rumania, Ukraine, Slovakia, avowed communist enemy, we and our lead­ well demonstrate the deep dedication Serbia., Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Bul­ ers, with good intentions in seeking a peace­ garia, mainland China, Armenia, Azerbaijan, ful world, tend to forget that many nations of countless Americans and friends to of the Red empire became captives as the principles of liberty, freedom, and fun­ North Korea, Croatia, !del-Ural and other result of previous good intentions culminat­ damental human rights. Despite the am­ nations has been suppressed by their com­ ing · in agreements with communists. This biguities of detente, evidence from all munist masters; and does not mean that there should never be sections of the country indicates a grow­ Whereas, 1974 ma.rks the 16th anniversary agreements. The West's basic fault seems to of Captive Nations Week, the observance of be in giving too much and getting very little ing doubt with respect to any policy that which will be marked by a series of special would mute these principles, so well in return, which steins from falling to under­ events throughout the United States; there­ stand communism's long-term alms. enunciated in the Captive Nations Week fore, be it Two years ago, following the first batch of Resolution (Public Law 86-90) , and Resolved, By the House of Representatives agreements in the current era of detente, would seek to operate in some void of the of the Seventy-Eight General Assembly of James Burnham, a foremost authority on basic reality of captive nations which ex­ the State of I111nols, that we support the communism, made some very prophetic com­ tend from Central Europe into the Soviet aims and aspirations of the people of these ments in National Review. He noted that captive nations; and that commend the Cap­ those agreements helped to reduce pressure Union, in Asia and to Cuba. Among tive Nations Committee for it's valiant ef­ other things, one of the major contribu­ on Soviet RuSSia in some areas so that she forts in behalf of the restoration of freedom could concentrate on activist policies else­ tions of the past observance was the and democracy in these communist domin­ where. Those agreements of two years ago, in maintenance of official awareness and ated countries; and be it further defiance of the Captive Nations Resolution, sufficient popular support of the captive Resolved, That a copy of this preamble seemed to accept and confirm Soviet domina­ nations and their fixed aspirations for and resolution be forwarded to Mr. Vlktors tion over Eastern Europe. Therefore, Mr. freedom and national independence. Vlksnins, Chairman of the Captive Nations Burnham said, Communist Russia could now As assembled by the National Captive Committee. use seemingly gentler touches to consolidate Nations Committee here in Washington, her position such as "European security con­ (From the Phoenix Gazette, July 16, 1974] ferences, mutual troop reductions, more dis­ further examples of the week's events armament talks, diplomatic recognition of and those leading into the observance REMEMBER CAPTIVE NATIONS WEEK This is Captive Nations Week. First pro­ East Germany and its UN admission, should be of considerable interest to our claimed 15 years ago, the week is intended to strengthening of Soviet industry through Members as well as our citizenry. I am serve as an annual reminder of some 25 peo­ trade with western nations.'' pleased to report the following: The ples or nations that have been swallowed by That, of course, is exactly what has tran­ proclamation of Gov. William G. Milli­ the Russian bear since 1920. pired as we in the West, ignoring the just ken of Michigan; the resolution of the Obeservance of Captive Nations Week is aspirations of the captive nations, continue Tilinois House of Representatives; an ed­ muted, to say the least. Detente is the big to seek peaceful agreements with a. regime thing now. And even those who are opposed to which peace means world domination by itorial on ''Remember Captive Nations communism. Week" in the July 16 issue of the Phoe­ to the idea of detente seem to show little nix Gazette; the extensive commentary concern for the Lithuanians, the Creations, ENORMITY AND MEANS the Czechs, the Slovaks or any of the other Perhaps it is natural, in this era of so­ in the periodical America's Future; and groups under the U.S.S.R.'s Red thumb. called detente, that not enough attention is the stirring address delivered by Hon. Most of the concern for Russian captives paid to the commemoration of Captive Na­ RoBERT J. HUBER concerning Ukraine: nowadays is focused on the plight of those tions Week and the continuing plight of WILLIAM G. MILLIKEN, GOVERNOR OF THE Jews who want to leave the U.S.S.R. A large the numerous peoples and nations enslaved STATE OF MICHIGAN, PRESENTS THIS Ex­ item in detente, whether the Soviet Union in the Russian and Chinese communist em­ ECUTIVE DECLARATION IN OBSERVANCE OF is to be awarded favored nation trade status, pires. But we in the West ignore at our peril JULY 14-20, 1974, AS CAPTIVE NATIONS is being tied to the Jewish emigrant issue. both the enormity of those empires and the WEEK Without taking anything away from the means by which their peoples became slaves Traditionally since 1959, the people of the plight of these Jews, it is important not to of communism. United States have joined with free people forget that many other peoples are the vic­ Therefore, a bit of history, particularly for throughout the world in expressing support tims of Communist persecution and exploi­ our younger citizens many of whom do not for the just aspirations of captive peoples tation because of race or religion. Captive get it in their schools, is in order. First, the through observance of the third week in July Nations Week, is, or should be more than names of the captive nations: Armenia., as Captive Nations Week. it is, a useful reminder of this. Azerbaijan, Byelorussia, Cossackia, Georgia, The desire for freedom and Uberty which Has the character of the U.S.S.R. changed? !del-Ural, North Caucasia, Ukraine, Far burns in the hearts of the people of the That is the fundamental question to be an­ Eastern Republic, Turkestan, Mongolian Albanian, Armenian, Bulgarian, Byelorus­ swered before President Nixon's policy of People's Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Lithua­ slan, Croatian, Czech, Estonian, Hungarian, opening relationships with Moscow should nia, Albania., Bulgaria, Yugoslavia ( compris­ Latvian, Lithuanian, PoUsh, Rumanian, be pushed too far. So far the proof of such ing Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia, etc.), Poland, Serbian, Slovak, Ukralnlan, and many other change seems thin indeed. Certainly it has Rumania, Czechoslovakia, North Korea, Hun­ nations dominated by the policies of Com­ not yet been enough to justify forgetting gary, East Germany, Mainland China, North munist Russia, is of particular concern to Captive Nations Week. Vietnam, and Cuba. the many people in America who trace their STILL CAPTIVE Nearly half these nations, now inside the Soviet Union, fell to communist aggression ancestry to these nations. With the hopes and fears of the free world Freedom-loving peoples of all Captive Na­ more than half a century ago. Others lost centered on the current era of so-called their independence and freedom a quarter tions look to the United States as the van­ detente and cooperation with communist re­ guard of human freedom, and to the people gimes, the 15th anniversary this month of a of a century ago following the Second World of our hatton as an aid and inspiration in special commemoration has a very definite War, and stm others more recently. De­ their pursuit of freedom and independence. connection with those hopes and fears. Tak­ tente or no detente, there are two reasons Therefore, I, Wllliam G. Milliken, Governor ing place from July 14 to 20, it is known as why we must not forget their fate. For one, of the State of Michigan, do hereby urge Captive Nations Week. It was so designated the United States, in her relatively brief his­ all citizens to join, through appropriate 15 years ago by the American Congress, its tory as a nation, always has been an example prayers, ceremonies and activities, in ex­ purpose being to let the peoples of the nu­ and a beacon for Uberty-loving peoples pressing hope and support for the people of merous nations which form the communist everywhere. For another, there are grave the Captive Nations, and to dedicate efforts slave empires of Soviet Russia and Red China lessons for us in the West in the manner in to the goal of freedom and liberty for all peo­ know, in the word of the congressional reso­ which some of these nations fell under the ple throughout the world. lution, "that the people of the United States iron heel of communism. 27988 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 12, 1974 The European phase of World War II, one Let us hope he is too pesSimistic, that we fairs" of the Soviet Union. One might then of the bloodiest wars in the history of man­ wm wake up before it is too late. Part of that ask, since when has the Soviet Union stopped kind, was set off because of combined com­ awakening is to understand not what we, but interfering in our "internal affairs"? Cer­ munist and Nazi aggression against Poland. what the communists mean by detente. The tainly, there is no evidence to indicate that It was in defense of her freedom and inde­ journal which speaks for communist parties the Soviets have dropped the Marxian con­ pendence that the West went to war. But all over the world, the World Marxist Review, cept of the "class struggle" nor their view Poland is now, and has been since the end sees detente as a "formalized acknowledge­ that there will never be a peaceful world of the war, one of the captive nations of the ment on the part of U.S. lmpertalism of the until all nations are Communist Nations. Red empire. She became so as the result of position of power occupied by the socialist A good Communist considers it his or her agreements reached between our leaders [that is, communist) community of states." duty to proselyte for Marxism-Leninism. We and the dictator of Soviet Russia at the war can and should do no less, indeed we should and post-war summit conferences in Tehe­ AnDRESS BY CONGRESSMAN BOB HUBER do more, in the cause of Ukrainian freedom ran and Yalta. That was also the fate of WASHINGTON, June 22.-Attached are re­ and freedom for all the captive nations. Czechoslovakia. As the war neared its end in marks prepared for delivery at 2:00p.m., Sat­ Again, another criticism that is heard says Europe, the allied armies under the famous urday, June 22, 1974, by Congressman Rob­ that declarations and speeches in the Con­ General George Patton were about to cap­ bert J. "Bob" Huber of Michigan's 18th Con­ gress as well as resolutions are not noticed ture its capital, Prague, from the Nazis. But gressional District who is representing the and do not affect the actions of the USSR. General Patton was ordered to hold back House of Representatives on the occasion of But they do and the case of Solzhenitsyn and let the Russians, then known as "our the tenth anniversary of the unve111ng of the proves it, in my view. The Soviets are very noble allies," take Prague. Taras Shevchenko monument in Washington, sensitive to these things. I know from per­ At the Yalta conference, Germany was D.C. sonal experience that a copy of my press carved up, the eastern part going to the "This monument, it will be recalled, was release discussing the resolution I introduced communists. In the case of Berlin, Ger­ unveiled by the former President Eisenhower to grant Solzhenitsyn and Sakharov honorary many's ancient capital, the allied armies and this occasion, during which his family is U.S. citizenship had not been on the United were stopped in their tracks from taking the to be represented, will again provide an oc­ Press International wire for more than an city so that the Russians could get their casion for articulating the cause of freedom hour before the number three man in the first. The city itself was subsequently cut Soviet Embassy here arrived at my office and in half, with free West Berlin left more than for the Ukrainians as well as for all captive nations everywhere in the name of this re­ asked for a copy of the resolution as well as 100 miles inside Communist East Germany. inquiring about the blll's prospects. Also at the Yalta conference, the ground­ nowned Ukrainian intellectual and freedom fighter," Huber stated. So, in my view, the gathering here today work was laid for the communist takeover is a re-dedication to the fight for freedom of mainland China and the communization SHEVCHENKO STATUE, SATURDAY, JUNE 22, 1974 by again honoring one who won his laurels of North Korea, which led to both the Distinguished guests, ladies and gentle­ in the struggle against Tsarist autocracy­ Korean and the Vietnam wars. The record men, I appreciate the opportunity to be pres­ Taras Shevchenko. I know that most of you of other post-World War Two captive na­ ent today and share this tenth anniversary are very active on this front and I know tions is a similar and a long one which we of the unveiling of this statue of the distin­ that sometimes you get discouraged, as I do, do not have space to detail. guished Ukrainian poet, Taras Shevchenko. about the tide of battle, but we cannot The answer frequently made to this sorry I will not, nor need I, recite what is going and will not give up. I pledge to you to con­ record is that the western leaders of the on in the Ukraine today. The Ukraine is, tinue .and intensify my efforts on behalf of time negotiated agreements with the Reds and continues to be, a prime center of unre­ the Ukraine and all captive nations and hope 1n good faith, which undoubtedly was true, pentant nationalism and cultural unrest you wlll join me in the redoubling of your and that all they really intended was that that struggles against Communist domina­ efforts. In this way, we can render the Soviet Russia exercise a certain degree of tion. It has nearly always been so, and this greatest honor possible to a great man whose leadership over Eastern Europe until and is not strange since the cradle of some of the statue looms over us-Taras Shevchenko. on the promise that free elections were held best in Slavic civilization and culture arose Thank you. in the various nations. The contention is from the so-called Kievan State. In the best that Soviet Russia broke the agreements by tradition of the area, dissent came and comes not holding free elections, which is also from the writers, the poets-the intellect­ MOBILE HOME POSTAL SERVICE true. But Soviet Russila always breaks agree­ uals. We all hear of the Solzhenitsyns and ments whenever it suits her purposes. And the Sakharovs, but every day in the Ukraine were western leaders really so unsophisti­ and in the other captive nations, hundreds­ cated that they believed Communist Russia perhaps thousands--of little people are HON. LES ASPIN would ever hold free elections anywhere? working to burst the Communist shackles, OF WISCONSIN SERIOUS LESSONS FOR THE WEST unbeknownst to many of us. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES There are very serious lessons in all this In the Congress, we have a special respon­ for the West, particularly for those beguiled sibility in this regard at the present time, Monday, August 12, 1974 by detente. Making agreements, concessions because we are living through a period of so­ Mr. ASPIN. Mr. Speaker, last week I and accommodations with communists, with called "Detente", during which our differ­ wrote to Postmaster General Klassen no quid pro quo or very weak ones !or the ences with the Communist Governments are West, does three things: (1) It helps en­ being muted by some in our government in concerning a serious problem that many trench in power the communist bosses, favor of trade and certain agreements such mobile home owners are experiencing­ whose economic system is so shaky it cannot as Salt I am.d Salt II, which we can all take the refusal of local post offices to accept function wtthout help from free nations. with just a grain of ---. Therefore, since change of address records from mobile (2) It convinces the Reds that the West is many of our spokesmen in the Executive home owners. weak, perhaps foolish, and can be had. (3) Branch now only speak of trade and detente, This situation has caused a great deal It weakens almost fatally the morale of the it falls to us in the Congress to speak of of inconvenience for many of our citi­ ground-down populations in the captive na­ freedom, human rights, and self-determina­ tions--indeed even inside Red Russia and tion for those living in the captive nations. zens who have chosen to live in mobile Red China--who hunger for freedom but It is we who have to assist persons like your· home parks. Very often their mail is not see the citadel of Uberty, the United States, selves in speaking out for human freedom forwarded properly after they move since to which they always have looked for inspira­ and dignity on both sides of the Iron and the change of address cards are held by tion, speaking and acting not for their just Bamboo Curtains. If no one appears to lis· the mobile home park operators and not and good cause but to shore up and help the ten, the Congress can and should write these the local postmaster. Of course, the park regime of their slave masters. matters into law and forbid the President operators have other concerns and keep­ There is another very dire consideration, from making trade concessions to the Soviet whlch we repeat because it was made by a Union until such time as we see real con­ ing track of address changes probably topflight expert on the captive nations, Dr. cessions to the Ukrainian people and others does not rate too high on the list of Lev E. Dobr1ansky of Georgetown University. indicating that a minimum of human rights, their priorities. He said: "National dishonor in Vietnam, such as freedom of emigration, as generally For this reason I have asked Post­ Moscow's attainment of m111tary supertority, conceived by most people of the world, are master General Klassen to initiate new economic regress in world markets, and fur­ being accorded persons behind the Iron and procedures in the Postal Service to in­ ther moral decline in our nation can easily Bamboo Curtains. sure that change of address cards are reduce us to a second-class power, and with Now there are those who say that the our striking incapacities in the art of politi­ Congress should not take these actions--that held at the local post offices, rather than cal warfare, it is no frightful exaggeration to we are usurping too many foreign policy at the mobile home park. state that we, too, would become a fitting prerogatives of the President and that we I think this change in policy would candidate for the captive nations list." should not interfere in the "internal af- make a great deal of sense because mo- August 13, 1974 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE' 27989 bile home owners should be receiving the PERSONAL EXPLANATION 14214, the Health Revenue Sharing and same kind of mail service that conven· Health Services Act of 1974. I would like tiona! home owners expect. From recent to take this opportunity to express my statistics we have learned that fully 50 HON. WILLIAMS. COHEN strong support for this measure, which percent of the new housing market in OF MAINE extends and improves several of our Na­ this country is in mobile home ownership. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion's most important health programs. To continue this kind of discrimination These efforts are vital to maintaining is neither equitable nor good postal pol· Monday, August 12, 1974 and strengthening the standard of icy. Mr. COHEN. Mr. Speaker, I greatly health in this country, and I am very I hope my colleagues will join me in regret that due to commitments in my pleased to note the overwhelming sup­ urging the Postmaster General to rectify State I was unable to return to Wash· port that this measure has been given this anachronistic practice. ington in time to vote in favor of H.R. today by my colleagues.

SENATE-Tuesday, August 13, 1974

The Senate met at 11 a.m. and was OFFICE OF THE MAJORITY LEADER, Mr. EAGLETON. Does the Senator called to order by the President pro tem· Washington, D.O. from Pennsylvania consider as a rele­ Dear----: This wlll acknowledge vant qualification past practice, however pore (Mr. EASTLAND). your communication regarding S. 3657, a tax reform measure Congressman Wilbur Mills brief, in aspiring to the office of the Vice PRAYER and I introduced in the 92nd Congress. President? The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward I have received a tremendous amount of Mr. HUGH SCOTT. I would be de­ L. R. Elson, D.D., offered the following mail on this proposal and I wish to take this lighted to consider past practice and ex­ opportunity to tell you that the bill has not pertise. In my judgment, the Senator prayer: been reintroduced in this 93rd Congress. from Missouri always has been a good Almighty God, our help in ages past, Therefore, the issue will not come up for Vice President. [Laughter.] our hope for years to come, we thank discussion. Mr. EAGLETON. Would the Senator The bill was introduced in 1972 in an ef­ Thee for the demonstrated durability of fort to bring about a review of all of our tax from Pennsylvania consider putting me our institutions and the dependability of laws. It would have required attention to on his list, at least as a footnote? our instruments of government. Make us each item under the law but in no way took Mr. HUGH SCOTT. I would be glad to good men for good times in a good land. a predetermined position as to whether or do so, as I have done with other Senators Manifest Thy presence and power in our not existing exemptions or benefits should be on the Democratic as well as the Repub­ daily work. Move us to a deeper dedica­ repealed, strengthened or maintained as they lican side of the aisle. tion to a high national purpose, to bind are. Mr. EAGLETON. I thank the Senator. up the Nation's wounds, to heal our divi­ As a matter of fact, the proposal relative Mr. HUGH SCOTT. I was about to say .sions, and to do what must be done for to churches would have been retained. That, certainly, was my intention and I have no that we have great talent in this body the moral and spiritual renewal of this doubt whatsoever but that that would have among Senators who are qualified to be Nation and for the coming day of justice been the case had the hearings been held on Vice President, talent in the other body, and peace among the nations of the the tax reform measure. talent among the Governors and former world. With best personal wishes, I am Governors, and in many other areas. We pray in His name who is King of Sincerely yours, Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, will Kings and Lord of Lords. Amen. MIKE MANSFIELD. the Senator yield? Mr. HUGH SCOTT. I yield. OFFICE OF THE MAJORITY LEADER, Washington, D.O. Mr. MANSFmLD. The attendance has THE JOURNAL Dear ----: This will acknowledge been so good this year, that I would hope receipt of your communication expressing the distinguished Republican leader Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask opposition to H.R. 636, the new Tax Policy would not push that idea too far. unanimous consent that the reading of Review Act introduced in the House of [Laughter.] the Journal of the proceedings of Mon­ Representatives. I also would hope that the Senator day, August 12, 1974, be dispensed with. This measure has not been introduced in from Pennsylvania would not forget to The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With­ the Senate and I want you to know that I mention the possibility of a woman Vice out objection, it is so ordered. am opposed to any change in the existing tax provisions which provide benefits for con­ President. Who knows more about in­ tributors to religious and charitable orga­ flation than women, and who could per­ nizations. haps do more to keep us out of war than COMMITTEE MEETINGS DURING With best personal wishes, I am they? SENATE SESSION Sincerely yours, Mr. HUGH SCOTT. Those are two ex­ Mr. MANSFmLD. Mr. President, I ask MIKE MANSFIELD. cellent points. unanimous consent that all committees I did discuss with the President, on may be authorized to meet during the Sunday, the qualifications of various THE SELECTION OF A women. Among those considered were session of the Senate today. VICE PRESIDENT The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With­ Anne Armstrong, of Texas; MARGARET Mr. HUGH SCOTT. Mr. President, HECKLER, Of Massachusets; MARJORIE out objection, it is so ordered. former Vice President Marshall used to HoLT, of Maryland. I discussed our Sen­ say that what this country needs is a ators. I could run the whol~ roster. good 5-cent cigar. What this country I discussed for example, Senator CooK, TAX REFORM does not need is a 5-cent Vice President. Senator STAFFORD, Senator TAFT, Senator Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask As the search goes on, I hope-in fact, BAKER, Senator BROCK-and if my time unanimous consent to have printed in the I am quite sure-that the President will were not limited, I would go all down RECORD copies of letters I have written consider the attributes of many men and the list. I particularly discussed Senator to constituents who have written to me women who are well fitted for this office. GOLDWATER. I WOUld like the RECORD to relative to S. 3657, a tax reform measure He will consider the Governors and for­ show that I discussed all Senators and which Representative WILBUR MILLS and mer Governors, men and women in civic discussed them all favorably, and I want I introduced in the 92d Congress but did life, in the ranks of labor, and people of them all to know it. [Laughter.] not reintroduce in the 93d Congress, and all colors and creeds. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. MET­ a letter relative to my position on H.R. Mr. EAGLETON. Mr. President, will ZENBAUM) . Without objection, the RECORD 636, the new Tax Policy Review Act, in­ the Senator yield on that point? will show that the Senator discussed all troduced in the House of Representatives. Mr. HUGH SCOTT. I am glad to yield. Senators. There being no objection, the letters As an expert on the Vice-Presidency, I Mr. HUGH SCOTT. I thank the Pre­ were ordered to be printed in the RECORD, yield to the Senator from Missouri. siding Officer. as follows: [Laughter.] I want the RECORD to show that I am