© Entomologica Fennica. 31 May2011

Redescription of Anthrenus (s. str.) flavidulus Reitter, 1889, and a new synonym in Palaearctic Anthrenus Geoffroy, 1762 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)

Marcin Kadej* & Andreas Herrmann

Kadej, M. & Herrmann, A. 2011: Redescription of Anthrenus (s. str.) flavidulus Reitter, 1889, and a new synonym in Palaearctic Anthrenus Geoffroy, 1762 (Co- leoptera: Dermestidae). — Entomol. Fennica 22: 39–44. The comparison of the morphologyof the dorsal patterns, aedeagus, sternite IX and mouthparts of Anthrenus (s. str.) miniatulus Reitter, 1899 and Anthrenus (s. str.) flavidulus Reitter, 1889 proved that theybelong to the same species. A photo of each adult form and male genitalia is provided. The name Anthrenus miniatulus Reitter, 1899 is proposed to become a junior synonym of Anthrenus flavidulus Reitter, 1889. Since Anthrenus miniatulus have also been found in Syria, the country name is now added to the distribution list of Anthrenus flavidulus. M. Kadej, Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Taxonomy, University of Wroc³aw, ul. Przybyszewskiego 63/77, PL-51-148 Wroc³aw, Poland; *Corre- sponding author, e-mail:[email protected] A. Herrmann, Bremervörder Strasse 123, D – 21682 Stade, Germany; E-mail: [email protected]; http://www.dermestidae.com Received 5 November 2010, accepted 28 December 2010

2. Material and methods 1. Introduction The following abbreviations are used in the text: The genus Anthrenus is one of the commonly known genera of the beetle familyDermestidae – IZDBET – Institute of Zoology, Department and currentlycontains more than 200 species and of Biodiversityand EvolutionaryTaxonomy, subspecies worldwide; about a third of the spe- Wroc³aw, Poland. cies belongs to the nominative subgenus Anthre- – HMNH – Hungarian Natural HistoryMu - nus (s. str.) (Háva 2010). seum, Budapest, Hungary. Since the members of this subgenus often – MiIZ – Zoological Museum, Academyof Sci - look extremelysimilar to each other, and further - ences, Warszawa, Poland. more, show a wide range of variation in colour, – RK – Roman KRÓLIK, Private collection, the examination of their genitalia and dissection Kluczbork, Poland. of their mouthparts (especiallylacinia and galea) – ZIN – Zoological Museum, Academyof Sci - provides a reliable method of identifying them ences, St.-Petersburg, Russia. down to species level. – ZMAN – Zoologisch Museum, Amsterdam, Netherlands. 40 Kadej & Herrmann • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 22

Fig. 1. Anthrenus (Anthrenus) flavidulus: – a. Habitus, dorsal aspect (holotype, photo after Zoltán György). – b. Labels of the holotype (photo after Zoltán György). – c. Abdominal ventrites I–V. Anthrenus (Anthrenus) mini- atulus syn. n.: – d. Habitus, dorsal aspect (holotype). – e. Labels of the holotype (photo after Zoltán György). – f. Abdominal ventrites I–V.

The following abbreviations of measurements world catalogue of Háva (2007, 2010). The ter- were used: minologyfollows Beal (1998) and Lawrence & Œlipiñski (2010). – total length (TL) – linear distance from ante- Separate labels are indicated bya slash ( / ). rior margin of pronotum to apex of elytra. Author’s remarks are in square brackets [ ]. – total width (EW) – maximum linear trans- verse distance. – pronotal length (PL) – maximum length mea- 3. Taxonomy sured from anterior margin to posterior mar- gin. Megatominae Leach, 1815 – pronotal width (PW) – maximum linear trans- Anthrenini Casey, 1900 verse distance. Anthrenus Geoffroy, 1762 – sternite length (SL) – linear distance from an- Anthrenus flavidulus Reitter, 1889 (Figs. 1a–f, terior margin of visible sternites 1–5 to apex 2a–b, 3a–d, 4a–d) of sternite 5. Syn.: Anthrenus miniatulus Reitter, 1899 syn. – sternite width (SW) – maximum linear trans- nov. verse distance. Type material examined. HNHM: Holotype: The morphological structures were cleared in Caucasus. Araxesthal. Leder Reitter. / Holotypus boiling 10% KOH solution, rinsed in distilled wa- 1889. Anthrenus pimpinellae v. flavidulus Reitter ter, mounted in glycerin and exposed to transmit- [label with the red frame; the date and the species ted light, then examined, measured and illustrated name hand written] / Coll. Reitter / v. flavidulus under a Nikon Eclipse E 600 phase contrast mi- m. [hand written]; Paratypus: Caucasus. Arax- croscope with a drawing tube attached. External esthal. Leder Reitter. / Paratypus 1889. Anthre- structures were examined under Nikon SMZ-800 nus pimpinellae v. flavidulus Reitter [label with stereoscopic microscope. The aedeagus and asso- the red frame; the date and the species name hand ciated structures were placed in glycerol filled written] / Coll. Reitter (Fig. 1a); Holotypus plastic micro vials and attached to the pin of the Anthrenus miniatulus Reitter [label with the red corresponding specimen. Photos were taken with frame; the date and the species name hand writ- Nikon Coolpix 4500. ten] / miniatulus m. Akbes [hand written] / Akbes The distribution and classification follows the (Fig. 1e). ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 22 • Redescription of Anthrenus flavidulus 41

Fig. 3. Anthrenus (Anthrenus) flavidulus. – a. Pygidi- um. – b. Wing. – c–d. Scales.

parameres are longer and denser in A. p. pimpi- nellae, whereas theyare short and sparse in A. Anthrenus Anthrenus flavi- Fig. 2. – a. Aedeagus of ( ) flavidulus (Kadej et al. 2007). dulus. – b. Aedeagus of Anthrenus (Anthrenus) mini- atulus syn. n. Description of male. Bodyoval, with body length not exceeding 1.5 times maximum body width, covered byoval scales arranged in a co- Other material examined.MiIZ:Dzulfa, lourful pattern on crest (Fig. 1a, d). Scales with- Cauc. merid., 31.V.1914, Dr. W. Eichler (1 ex.); out ornamentation between linear ribs, their sur- ZMAN: Dzulfa, Cauc. Merid. 31.V.1914, Dr. W. face mostlywith 12–14 complete linear ribs, apex Eichler (4 exx.); ZIN: Taâðèçú , Ïepcia 5 V 1914 of the scale truncated or rounded and an apical Aíäðieâñêèé [leg.] (12 exx.); RK: Turkey(prov. lappet not present (Figs. 3c–d). Head character- Adiyaman) 37°54’N/ 38°48’E S of Karadut vill. ized by large convex eyes. Eye with median mar- 3–4.VI.2002, Roman Królik leg. (1 ex.); Turkey gin broadlyand deeplyemarginated at anterior 38°56’N/41°09’E BuðlanGeçidi,10kmEof 1/3. Space of frons covered with reddish (yellow- Solhan, prov. Muº., 10–12.VI.2004 h = 1,800 m, ish) and brown scales. Pronotum two times Roman Królik leg. (1 ex.). broader than its length; lateral margins distinctly Diagnosis. Anthrenus flavidulus Reitter, dilated above antennal fossa and slightlyvisible 1889 belongs to pimpinellae group together with from above. Length of antennal fossa almost 1/2 18 other species (Kadej et al. 2007). The main length of lateral margin of pronotum. Disc of pro- differentiator of pimpinellae group is found on notum covered with mixed dark brown, red (yel- the elytrae, especially, in a variation in colourful lowish) and white scales (Figs. 1a, d). Antennae spots placement on the band: generally, in pimpi- 11-segmented, with 3-segmented antennal club nellae species group the transversal band consists (Fig. 4a); antennal segments dark-brown. An- of onlywhite scales, while in A. flavidulus,the tenna occupies whole cavityof antennal fossa. band has a diagonal pattern of red (sometimes Antennal club occupies less than half length of yellow) scales. the antenna regardless of sex. The last antennal A. flavidulus Reitter, 1889 (Armenia, Turkey, segment rounded, and distinctlylonger than “Caucasus”, Iran, Jordania after Háva 2010) at length of two basal segments combined (Fig. 4a). first glance resembles cosmopolitan A. p. pimpi- Elytracoveredwithmixeddarkbrown,red(yel- nellae (Fabricius, 1775). Beyond the transversal lowish) and white scales (Figs. 1a, d). Subbasal band, these species differ also in structure of band of red scales extends across elytra, between aedeagus: in A. p. pimpinellae apical parts of the red scales 3–4 oblique spots of white scales parameres and base of aedeagus are narrow, present. The band much shorter at suture than at while in A. flavidulus theyare wide; setae on lateral margin, middle margins of subbasal band 42 Kadej & Herrmann • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 22

Fig. 4. Anthrenus (Anthrenus) flavidulus. – a. Male antenna (scale 0.1 mm). – b. Sternite IX (scale 0.1 mm). – c. Galea with lacinia (scale 0.01 mm). – d. Tarsal claw (scale 0.01 mm). resemble an inverted letter U. Suture with line of row at base but graduallywiden, covered with red scales extending from behind of subbasal few short setae on lateral margins as well as in band or at least from middle lateral margin. Red central and inner areas. Basal connection be- patches also present near humeri, in the central tween lateral lobes is narrow and interrupted. part of disc, close to suture, and in basal third, Bridge (lightlysclerotized ribbon) narrow, V- near the lateral margin. The remaining areas be- shaped, close to the base of penis (Figs. 2a–b). Pe- tween bands covered with dark brown scales nis with visible sclerotized rode; in lateral view mixed with single white scales, some of the white straight, with a distal end of aedeagus pointing scales create 4 spots in the lower half of the elytra. up; in frontal view, wider posteriorly, with long Humeral calli present but barelydistinguishable. and narrow apodemes which occupy1/3 of me - Ventral surface with all scales white except for dian lobe’s length. Sternite IX bottle-like, narrow legs, and visible ventrites I–V covered with mix on top, wide at base, with a choke-point in mid- of brown, black and white scales. First abdominal dle. Apex slightlyrounded. Setae present on top ventrite has stria. Dark brown and brown scales and lateral margins, but onlyin anterior part, ex - present especiallyon femora, and anterolateral tending onlyto half of total segment length. Lat - parts of the ventrites I–V, and in the center of eral margins of sternite IX as well as its upper half ventrite V (Figs. 1c, f). The light brown scales have more pigment and are more sclerotized (Fig. around the dark brown spots on the ventrites. Tar- 4b). Lacinia’s length exceeds ½ of galea’s length; sal claws of third pair of legs with three small ratio of lacinia’s length to galea’s length 4:5. Se- denticles on inner margin (Fig. 4d). Tibiae of first tae on apex of galea ended sharply(like spici - pair of legs without distinct teeth (tibial spines) on setae). Top of lacinia slightlycurved, ventral, lateral margin. Wing as in figure 3b. Pygidium with sclerotized, bubble-like enlargement at end with sub-basal, transverse, dark, carina-like line (Fig. 4c). (Fig. 3a). Aedeagus small as in Fig. 2a–b. Para- Observed variations. Bodymeasurements meres (basal lobes) U-shaped, with rounded varying from (mm): TL: 2.0–3.15, TW: 1.45–2.2, apex, and slightlycurved ventral. Parameres nar - PL: 0.65–0.9, PW: 1.25–1.85, SL: 1.05–1.45 and ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 22 • Redescription of Anthrenus flavidulus 43

SW: 1.5–2.1. Dorsal patterns varyin colour from References redtoyellow,whichiscommonformanyspecies of Anthrenus. Colour variations are often ob- Beal, R. S. 1998: Taxonomyand Biologyof Nearctic Spe - served in A. scrophulariae, for example: one cies of Anthrenus (Coleoptera: Dermestidae). — specimen might have red scales near the suture, Transactions of the American Entomological Society 124: 271–332. while another might have yellow ones. The col- Casey, T. L. 1900: Review of the American Corylophidae, our of scales might have also been affected bythe Cryptophagidae, Tritomidae and Dermestidae with age and storage conditions of the material. other studies. — Journal New York Entomological Distribution. EU: Armenia, Turkey; AS: Society8: 51–172. “Caucasus”, Iran, Jordania, Syria (new record) Dalla Torre, K. W. 1911: Coleopterorum Catalogus. Pars 33: Nosodendridae, Byrrhidae, Dermestidae. — In: (Reitter 1891, 1906, Dalla Torre 1911, Winkler Junk, W. & Schenkling, S. (eds.), Coleopterorum Ca- 1926, Mroczkowski 1968, Kadej & Háva 2007, talogus. Berlin: W. Junk, 96 pp. Háva 2007, 2010). Geoffroy, E. L. 1762: Histoire abrégée des Insectes qui se trouvent aux environs de Paris, dans laquelle ces ani- maux sont rangés suivant un ordre méthodique. 1. — 4. Discussion Durand, Paris. xxviii + 523 pp. + 10 pl. Gredler, V. P. 1878: Zur Käfer-Fauna Central-Afrikas. — Anthrenus flavidulus was described byReitter in Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoolo- 1889 as a colour variation of A. pimpinellae.In gisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 27 (1877): 501–522. his description, colour forms were compared with Háva, J. 2007: Dermestidae. — In: Löbl, I. & Smetana, A. A. delicatus delicatus Kiesenwetter, 1851 and A. (eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Volume cinnamomeus Gredler, 1878 (= Anthrenus flavi- 4. Elateroidea, Derodontoidea, Bostrichoidea, Ly- pes flavipes LeConte, 1854). This taxonomical mexyloidea, Cleroidea and Cucujoidea: 57, 299–320. status was sustained in literature for years to fol- Apollo Books Stenstrup. 935 pp. Háva, J. 2010: Dermestidae of the World (Coleoptera). — low. Zaitzev (1919) classified the taxon as en- [www document]. URL http://www.dermestidae. demic to “Caucasus”. Finally, Zhantiev (1976) wz.cz (Site visited on18 January, 2010) classified A. flavidulus as a separate species. Cur- Kadej, M. & Háva, J. 2007: Contribution to the Dermesti- rently, Anthrenus flavidulus together with 18 dae (Coleoptera) from Turkey. — Annals of the Upper other species is included in pimpinellae-group Silesian Museum (Entomology) 14–15: 67–80. (Kadej et al. 2007). Anthrenus miniatulus was de- Kadej, M., Háva, J. & Kalík, V. 2007: Review of the An- threnus pimpinellae species group from Palaearctic re- scribed 10 years later. In the original description, gion (Coleoptera: Dermestidae: Anthrenini). — Ge- Reitter (1899) stated that it is verysimilar to nus 18: 721–750. Anthrenus fasciatus Reitter, 1881 (= Anthrenus Kiesenwetter, E. A. H. 1851: Énumération des Coléop- flavipes flavipes LeConte, 1854) and Anthrenus tères trouvés dans le midi de la France et en Catalogne. fasciatus var. isabellae Reitter, 1899 (= Anthre- (Iie Partie 1). — Annales de la Societé Entomologique de France 9: 577–656. nus flavipes albopunctatus Pic, 1895). It is sur- Lawrence, J. F. & Œlipiñski, A. 2010: 6.1. Dermestidae La- prising that the new species was compared to var. treille, 1804. — In: Leschen, R. A. B., Beutel, R. G. & isabellae instead of previouslydescribed Anthre- Lawrence, J. F. (volume eds.), Coleoptera, beetles. nus flavidulus (Reitter 1889) since both taxa are Volume 2: Morphologyand systematics(Elateroidea, morphologicallyindistinguishable, as the above Bostrichiformia, Cucujiformia partim): 198–206. In: Kristensen, N. P. & Beutel, R. G. (eds.), Handbook of analysis proved. Therefore, A. miniatulus has zoology. A natural history of the phyla of the animal been classified as a junior synonym of A. flavi- kingdom. Volume IV. Arthropoda: Insecta. Part 38. dulus. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York. Leach, W. E. 1815: Entomology. — In: Brewster, D. (ed.): Acknowledgements. We would like to express our sincere The Edinburgh Encyclopedia: 57–172. Vol. IX, part 1. thanks to Michael Geisthardt and Mieczys³aw Stachowiak Balfour, Edinburgh. for valuable comments on the earlier version of this paper, LeConte, J. L. 1854: Synopsis of the Dermestidae of the Otto Merkl (HMNH) for lending the material of interest, United States. — Proceedings of the Academyof the and Zoltán György (HMNH) for providing some addi- Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 7: 106–113. tional photographs. This work was supported byfunding Mroczkowski, M. 1968: Distribution of the Dermestidae (1018/IZ/2011) from the Institute of Zoology, University (Coleoptera) of the world with a catalogue of all of Wroclaw, Poland (IZDBET). known species. — Annales Zoologici 26: 15–191. 44 Kadej & Herrmann • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 22

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