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1 Dear Christian Leader, You Are Receiving This Research Brief Dear Christian Leader, You are receiving this research brief because you have signed up for free leader equipping ministry resources at markdriscoll.org. I want to personally thank you for loving Jesus and serving his people. I also want to thank you for allowing me the honor of helping you lead and feed God’s people. This research brief is a gift from Mark Driscoll Ministries. It was prepared for me a few years ago by a professional research team. I am happy to make it available to you, and I would request that you not post it online. If you know of other Christian leaders who would like to receive it, they can do so by signing up for for free leadership resources at markdriscoll.org. It’s a great joy helping people learn about Jesus from the Bible, so thank you for allowing me to serve you. If you would be willing to support our ministry with an ongoing or one- time gift of any amount, we would be grateful for your partnership. A Nobody Trying to Tell Everybody About Somebody, Pastor Mark Driscoll 21001 NORTH TATUM BLVD | STE 1630-527 | PHOENIX, AZ 85050 | [email protected] 1 MARKDRISCOLL.ORG How did people know Jesus was coming? From Mark Driscoll and Gerry Breshears “. everything written about me in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms must be fulfilled.” — Jesus (Luke 24:44) Usually a good story has a cliffhanger, but for this chapter we will spare the suspense and answer the question right up front. How did people know Jesus was coming? They read the Old Testament Bible. Jesus’ entrance into history was eagerly awaited for over a millennium through prophecy. Those prophecies were fulfilled and give us the privilege of seeing God’s Word proven true. Roughly a quarter of the Bible was prophetic at the time it was written. Many of those prophecies specifically pointed to the coming of Jesus Christ as the Messiah, or “anointed one.” Jesus’ own words on this point are even more important. Jesus himself repeatedly said that he was the thread that wove together the entire Old Testament. Practically, this means that Scripture is not rightly understood or taught unless the person and work of Jesus are the central truth being revealed. Jesus summarized the purpose of his entire ministry as fulfilling every aspect of the Old Testament laws and prophecies.1 In an argument with some of the most devoutly religious and biblically literate people who have ever lived, Jesus made some astonishing claims.2 He accused Bible scholars who had given their life to memorizing entire books of the Old Testament of not knowing their Bibles at all. In all of their studies, they had failed to see that he alone was the central theme of Scripture and they refused to trust in him alone for salvation. Specifically, their hopes rested on the Laws of Moses; they trusted that, through their own pious obedience to God’s commands, they could obtain their own salvation through their own righteousness. Yet Jesus said that Moses, who penned the first five books of the Old Testament, was writing about him.3 By saying this, Jesus was showing that even the commands of the Old Testament served to reveal how sinful we are because we continually fail to obey both the spirit and the letter of the law. They also reveal that the sinless Jesus is our only hope. Sadly, as religious people often do, they read the Bible looking for ways to be the hero of their own life rather than reading it to see themselves as villains and Jesus as their hero. Jesus also models for us a proper use of the Old Testament, by which he alone is the hero and theme. Following his resurrection from death, Jesus showed how all that was written by Moses, the Prophets, and the Psalms was ultimately fulfilled in him alone.4 According to Rabbi Jesus, the greatest teacher who has ever lived, the key to understanding the Old Testament is to connect each of its points to his person and work. Therefore, in this chapter we will follow both the instruction and example of Jesus 1 Matt. 5:17–18 2 John 5:36–40 3 John 5:39–47 4 Luke 24:27, 44–45 2 by examining twenty-five Old Testament prophetic promises given hundreds and thousands of years before their fulfillment in Jesus. Each prophecy reveals how God clearly prepared his people for the coming of Jesus. By comparing each Old Testament promise to its corresponding New Testament fulfillment, we can see that the New Testament is built upon the Old Testament. Further evidence is the fact that there are more than three hundred quotes and thousands of references and inferences to the Old Testament in the New Testament. Most of this chapter will simply be the reading of Scripture. We are trusting God the Holy Spirit who inspired the writing of Scripture to also illuminate your understanding so that your trust in both Scripture and Jesus are increased. One final note: the authors listed are those the Bible credits. The dates are approximate but accurate according to timelines taught by scholars who honor God's Word. 1. 4000 BC: Adam and Eve receive the prophecy that the Messiah (Jesus) would be born of a woman. Promise: Genesis 3:15 – “’I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and her offspring; he shall bruise your head, and you shall bruise his heel.’” Fulfillment: Galatians 4:4 – “But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law . .” 2. 2000 BC: Abraham receives the promise that the Messiah (Jesus) would descend from Abraham, through his son Isaac (not Ishmael), Isaac’s son Jacob (not Esau), and Jacob’s son Judah (not any of the other eleven brothers) Promise: Genesis 12:3 – “’. in you [Abraham] all the families of the earth shall be blessed.’” Genesis 17:19 – “God said, ‘No, but Sarah your wife shall bear you a son, and you shall call his name Isaac. I will establish my covenant with him as an everlasting covenant for his offspring after him.’” Numbers 24:17 – “’I see him, but not now; I behold him, but not near: a star shall come out of Jacob, and a scepter will rise out of Israel . .’” Genesis 49:10 – “’The scepter shall not depart from Judah, nor the ruler's staff from between his feet, until tribute comes to him; and to him shall be the obedience of the peoples.’” Fulfillment: Matthew 1:1–2 “The book of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham. Abraham was the father of Isaac, and Isaac the father of Jacob, and Jacob the father of Judah and his brothers . .” 3. 700 BC: Isaiah prophesies that Jesus’ mother would be a virgin who conceived by a miracle and that Jesus would be God who became a man. Promise: Isaiah 7:14 – “’Therefore the Lord himself will give you a sign. Behold, the virgin shall conceive and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel.’” Fulfillment: Matthew 1:18–23 – “Now the birth of Jesus Christ took place in this way. When his mother Mary had been betrothed to Joseph, before they came together she was found to be with child from the Holy Spirit. And her husband 3 Joseph, being a just man and unwilling to put her to shame, resolved to divorce her quietly. But as he considered these things, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream, saying, ‘Joseph, son of David, do not fear to take Mary as your wife, for that which is conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit. She will bear a son, and you shall call his name Jesus, for he will save his people from their sins.’ All this took place to fulfill what the Lord had spoken by the prophet: ‘Behold, the virgin shall conceive and bear a son, and they shall call his name Immanuel’ (which means, God with us).” 4. 700 BC: Micah prophesies that Jesus would be born in the town of Bethlehem. Promise: Micah 5:2 – “But you, O Bethlehem Ephrathah, who are too little to be among the clans of Judah, from you shall come forth for me one who is to be ruler in Israel, whose origin is from of old, from ancient days [eternity].” Fulfillment: Luke 2:1–7 – “In those days a decree went out from Caesar Augustus that all the world should be registered. This was the first registration when Quirinius was governor of Syria. And Joseph also went up from Galilee, from the town of Nazareth, to Judea, to the city of David, which is called Bethlehem, because he was of the house and lineage of David, to be registered with Mary, his betrothed, who was with child. And while they were there, the time came for her to give birth. And she gave birth to her firstborn son and wrapped him in swaddling cloths and laid him in a manger, because there was no place for them in the inn.” 5. 700 BC: Isaiah prophesies that Jesus would live his life without committing any sins. Promise: Isaiah 53:9 – “. he had done no violence, and there was no deceit in his mouth.” Fulfillment: 1 Peter 2:21–22 – “For to this you have been called, because Christ also suffered for you, leaving you an example, so that you might follow in his steps.
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