3238 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 1, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

MPLA MILITARY OFFENSIVE IN ly depicts what is currently happening in In addition, the Angolan leader said re­ ANGOLA Angola. cently that "a multi-party system is unac­ ceptable" and that "perestroika does not [From Inform Africa, Feb. 10, 1990] apply to Angola." In a interview he gave to HON. LAWRENCE J. SMITH ANGOLA: WOLVES AMONG SHEEP Cape Verdian television on his return from OF FLORIDA The hard line wing of the MPLA, made up Cuba, dos Santos affirmed: "It is not the mostly of historical members who want to principles of socialism which are in question IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES preserve the party's power at all costs, has but the methods of applying these princi­ Thursday, March 1, 1990 regained the upper hand in internal politics ples." His recent statements in Luanda have in Luanda. The moderates, who are open to carried the same overtones. Mr. SMITH of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I want political compromise with UNITA and While in Cuba, dos Santos met with 6000 to speak today about the escalation of the favour a rehaul of the system, are finding Angolan students who clearly looked to him war in Angola and the destruction such mili­ themselves increasingly isolated and power­ for help in resolving some of the problems tary actions are creating. Deciding to reject less to intervene. President Jose Eduardo they face living in Cuba. But dos Santos dis­ the peace process, the MPLA regime has en­ dos Santos has begun to align himself with appointed them by saying merely they must the radicals. He is now known in political make sacrifices just as the Cuban interna­ gaged in an increasing number of military of­ circles in Luanda as the "balancer". tionalists made sacrifices in Angola. fensives that have reached alarmingly unprec­ Until October and November last year, dos Feelings of discontent and frustration edented levels. Santos generally supported the moderate have begun to become apparent among offi­ On June 22, 1989, in Zaire, MPLA President wing of the MPLA, although this was not cials in Luanda, mainly due to the lack of J6se Eduardo dos Santo and UNITA President always consistent or apparent. The ambigu­ peace prospects and the timid attempts at Jonas Savimbi, before 18 African heads-of ities which have generally characterized his reform. Some were also uneasy over the so­ state, agreed to a formal cease-fire and prom­ leadership spared him from having to break called "television trials" of Transport and ised to open talks on a government of nation­ openly with the hardliners. The president is Communications Minister Carlos Ant6nio also more ideologically compatible with Fernandes and Construction Minister Joao al reconciliation. However, in December the some of the radicals and shares with them Garcia Cabelo Branco. Cabelo Branco, for MPLA continued its bloody combats against all the strong desire to preserve MPLA he­ example, was publicly humiliated when dos UNITA, causing heavy casualties on both gemony. Santos said on Angola television that he was sides. With Soviet and Cuban support, as well The impasse in the peace process, which not a dynamic minister. Cabelo Branco re­ as massive heavy artillery, tanks and military was largely engineered by the hardliners, al­ torted by saying later that Angola itself warplanes, the MPLA's military offensive has lowed them to reap political and psychologi­ could use "a more dynamic boss." escalated into one of the largest offensives of cal dividends. After a phase of great inter­ Given dos Santos present position and his the 15-year civil war. nal tension (see no. 10, p. 1), in which a real difference to the radical wing, the commit­ showdown seemed imminent and the scales tee preparing the next MPLA congress has As a means to retain their power and domi­ ready to tip in the moderates favour (and been dominated by the hardliners. The nance in Angola, the MPLA's continued war­ thus lead to renewed peace efforts), it was choice of issues for internal situation. It also fare against UNIT A has only caused the loss the orthodox wing which emerged with the coincided with the hardline "declaration of of hundreds of innocent lives, the destruction upper hand. . faith" in a military defeat of UNITA which of cities, and a suffering economy in a country This development reversed the logical evo­ came out of the Cafundo meeting (see no. rich with resources. Whether you are support­ lution of the orthodox ideologue, Kito Ro­ 11, p. 4). At this meeting, where the military ive of or against the MPLA, we all can agree drigues believes for exemple that rebel thrust on Mavinga and ultimately Jamba that the fighting must stop and peace must be leader Jonas Savimbi should be neutralized. was agreed, the moderates suggestion that established. His political rehabilitation was so complete the war be ended by political means was that at the last Central committee meeting shot down. It is not until the people are given the free­ in mid-January, an agenda item to discuss a Turnaround-While euphoria reigned over dom to choose their own government that true report on alleged illegalities which led to his the perceived infallibility of a military democracy can begin in Angola. If the South sacking as interior minister was ignored. option to weaken UNITA and deny the rebel Africans and the ANC can negotiate after Kito Rodrigues' political rise has been ac­ movement political status in any solution to years of bitter struggle, why can't the MPLA companied by the apparent decline of his the war, dos Santos political line shifted. negotiate with UNITA to end the civil war? most direct rival and one of the leading Some of the signs of this were the following: From South Africa to Poland, from Nicaragua moderates of the regime, Foreign Minister Dos Santos drew closer to some of the to even the Soviet Union, opposing parties are Pedro Van Dunem

• This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor...... -.. - v ...... ;- ~·

March 1, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3239 "Peta Comunista". or "Communist Lies") is Savimbi met Mario Pinto de Andrade, a The group has also made contacts outside a continual source of discussion. Despite the former president of the MPLA, Gentil Angola, such as with Portuguese President scorn the acronym has attracted, the hard­ Viana and Adolfo Maria, who were both Mario Soares and Portugal's Socialist Party. liners insist it must remain and that the former MPLA members with leading roles It would like to expand links to all parties in people would misunderstand or misinterpret in party structure and political activities, in Lisbon, including the Communists. its removal. Lisbon. Another member of this group, The group feels one of the first steps in In his opening speech at January's Cen­ Maria do Ceu Reis, who lives in Maputo, ending the war is to bring together the dis­ tral Committee meeting, which coincided was unable to attend. puting parties, MPLA and UNITA, in a con­ with one of the most intense phases of the Their common link is that all broke off text which is genuinely Angolan. The idea is military offensive against UNITA, dos from the MPLA under Agostinho Neto's to allow both sides to voice all their con­ Santos encouraged some, although limited, leadership in 1974 and formed along with cerns without inhibitions in an atmosphere political reforms. But during the actual about 20 others . some who have remained in the country, agreement among Angolans themselves. which states textually that the president is have been involved. It argues that outsiders will eventually "surrounded by the wrong people". They MEDIATION understand that Angolans can best resolve also vehemently opposed Dos Santos' their problems among themselves and defend better their legitimate in­ begging from imperialists." The trip was plete, that Andrade, Viana and Maria had terests themselves, notably economic. Con­ postponed. begun low-key initiatives to present new tacts are envisaged with the United States, In his comments to the Central Commit­ ideas to resolve the Angolan conflict. the Soviet Union, South Africa, and Cupa. tee on the peace process, dos Santos took up Further investigations revealed that the the old theme of amnesty for UNITA mem­ fundamental proposal of the group is that bers. He also insisted on exile for Savimbi, mediation in the conflict must be ensured TRIBUTE TO DR. HOWARD although now with the nuance that the by Angolans, who would intervene within GARBER exile could be internal. certain limits, have moral credibility and Paulo Jorge, one of the older orthodox promote national reconciliation and recon­ members of the MPLA, was also promoted struction. HON. WILLIAM E. DANNEMEYER to active member of the Central Committee. It was this essential idea that the group OF CALIFORNIA Cease-fire-Final convincing proof of dos presented to Savimbi, as it had done earlier IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Santos' new alignment with the radicals was with President Jose Eduardo dos Santos and his total opposition to the cease-fire propos­ other leading MPLA figures such as Lopo do Thursday, March 1, 1990 al of Zairean President Mobutu Sese Seku, Nascimento. In the case of dos Santos, the Mr. DANNEMEYER. Mr. Speaker, 1990 rep­ group's proposals were delivered through the mediator in the Angolan conflict. resents the 30th anniversary of an article pub­ Mobutu's proposal is based on the princi­ the Cape Verdian president. Their message was apparently well-received, although dos lished in Popular Mechanics by an Anaheim, ple that both belligerents should be treated CA, optometrist Dr. Howard Garber. equally. Dos Santos' counterproposal, how­ Santos' expressions of willingness to meet ever, puts the MPLA clearly in a position of the group have not yet borne fruit. The subject had a little to do with eyes and superiority. In general, it allows only "social The group's proposals also enjoyed a fa­ sight. Although, it had more to do with auto­ integration of UNITA members, and insists vourable reception from Savimbi, who even mobiles. Dr. Garber helped pioneer what we that UNITA suspend its military activities pledged to set up a contact group to work consumers now know as a third tail light on and dismantle its bases. towards concretising the plan. The meeting most models of cars made after 1986. with Savimbi was in accordance with the While Mobutu's plan would place monitor­ On May 20, 1987, the Los Angeles Times ing and control of a cease-fire in the hands group's commitment to talk with both sides equally yet remain equally-distant from the ran an editorial commending the idea and re­ of five countries . appears to cused of having. In elaborating their ideas, particularly on Dr. Howard Garber is one pioneer who de­ begin to be rejected by dos Santos himself. serves recognition for pursuing an idea that Mobutu lamented privately that the Ango­ the urgency of finding a balanced solution lan leader had "allowed the peace process to to the Angolan war, the members main­ touches nearly all of our lives and probably sink into such an impasse". tained that a continuation of the civil war has served many as well. Dos Santos has fallen into some discredit could lead to a Balkanisation of the country among international observers given his new or even a "Lebanonisation". Two years ago, alliance with the hardliners. Whether this when circumstances were critical, they BLACK . HISTORY MONTH-RE­ approximation is merely a tactic, only time issued a document warning of the dangers MEMBER ING FREDERICK will tell. Despite his past political cleverness of splitting the country. DOUGLASS and manoeuverability, opinion is growing They also believe that the changes in that dos Santos may have irreparably jeo­ Eastern Europe and the West's response to HON. ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN pardised his role in bringing peace to these changes show that Angolans must Angola. stop destroying themselves and their coun­ OF FLORIDA try before the damage is irreversible and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES reconciliation and recovery are impossible. ANGOLAN MEDIATION IN THE ANGOLAN The potential mediators distributed a note Thursday, March 1, 1990 CONFLICT? explaining their ideas to the presidents of Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, the his­ One of the highlights of UNITA leader the five Portuguese-speaking African coun­ tory of African Americans in our country dates Jonas Savimbi's visit last month to Portugal tries at the summit in December in Cabo back to 1619, with the arrival of the first ship­ was a meeting with a group of highly re­ Verde. Already after the Gbadolite summit spected Angolans, who have put themselves last summer, they sent a memorandum to load of slaves arriving in Virginia. Beginning forward as possible mediators in the civil both dos Santos and Savimbi defending the with this event, and the other acts of oppres­ war and who appear to enjoy a favourable advantages of purely Angolan intermediar­ sion to follow, a racist scar has been left on reception on both sides. ies. our Nation's history. One of the first cam- 3240 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 1, 1990 paigner against slavery and its racist founda­ TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY INTRODUCTION OF THE HUMAN tion in the United States was Frederick Doug­ TEACHERS ACT SERVICES REAUTHORIZATION lass. Mr. Douglass will be remembered forever ACT OF 1990 as the foremost black abolitionist in antebel­ HON. WILLIAM F. GOODLING lum America, who took the initial steps in HON. DALE E. KILDEE ending this hypocrisy. OF PENNSYLVANIA OF MICHIGAN Frederick Douglass was born in February IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1817 on the Eastern Shore of Maryland. His Thursday, March 1, 1990 mother, from whom he was separated at an Thursday, March 1, 1990 Mr. GOODLING. Mr. Speaker, yesterday early age, was a slave named Harriet Bailey. Mr. KILDEE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to joined with several of my colleagues in intro­ Douglass, who never knew or saw his father, introduce today with several of my colleagues, ducing a bill, H.R. 4130, the Twenty-First Cen­ had a childhood which was extraordinarily de­ the Human Services Reauthorization Act of prived of personal warmth. On the main plan­ tury Teachers Act. This bill recognizes that we 1990. This legislation will reauthorize the tation of Col. Edward Lloyd, the text of his are facing a serious shortage of teachers, es­ Head Start Act, the Child Development Asso­ early remembrances were filled with lack of pecially if we look at the number of teachers ciate Scholarship Assistance Act, the State familial attachments, hard work, and sights of retiring and the increases in students that we Dependent Care Development Grants Act, the incredible inhumanity. With his younger years have had due to the baby boomlet. We could Follow Through Act, the Community Services spent in oppression, Douglass rose above be seeing a situation regarding our need for Block Grant Act, and the Low-Income Home those who enslaved him through self-educa­ teachers similar to that which we had after Energy Assistance Act of 1981. tion, which enabled him to become a passion­ World War II. Project Head Start was launched in 1965 as ate campaigner for the abolitionist movement. These shortages become even more critical part of the war on poverty to help ensure that In 1838, he escaped to New York and mar­ when we examine the numbers of teachers economcially disadvantaged children begin ried a free black woman from the South and we will need in certain discipline areas such school on an equal basis with their more ad­ settled in New Bedford, MA. From there, as mathematics and the sciences. The data vantaged peers. At the time, Head Start was a Douglass quickly became involved in the anti­ indicate that this scenario will get worse pioneer in a unique approach to helping chil­ dren, emphasizing strong parental involve­ slavery movement which was gaining impetus before it gets better. As a result, our students, ment, and comprehensive service delivery. in the North. After delivering a moving speech and ultimately this Nation, will suffer the con­ sequences. The seriousness of this overall This approach is reflected in the program's in Nantucket, MA, about his experiences as a broad set of objectives. These include working slave, Douglass was hired as a lecturer by the teacher shortage, coupled with the need to at­ tract high achieving and minority students into to improve children's health; aiding their emo­ Massachusetts Antislavery Society. Douglass tional, social, and motivational development; was a forceful and eloquent speaker; his self­ teaching, led to my introducing H.R. 3909, the Augustus F. Hawkins' Early Childhood and El­ improving and expanding their ability to think, taught prose and manner of speaking so in­ reason, and speak clearly; and helping both ementary Teach er Preparation and Retraining spired some Harvard students that they per­ children and their families to gain greater con­ Act. suaded him to write his autobiography. fidence, self-respect, and dignity. With the Civil War beginning in 1861, sever­ Despite my agreement with the chairman as The Follow Through Act authorizes grants al issues were raised, not the least of which to the general goals and purposes of the to public schools to provide children from low­ was what role the black man would play in his Twenty-First Century Teachers Act, I have income families, coming from Head Start, with own liberation-since one of the main objec­ some reservations about a few provisions in the extra support they need to succeed in pri­ tives of the war was emancipation of the the bill. Whatever we accomplish in a bill such mary school. These grants support high qual­ slaves. As a result of his continued insistence, as this one, we must first assure that the in­ ity, comprehensive programs in kindergarten President Abraham Lincoln asked him to re­ centives we provide encourage students to through third grade which include: A full-day cruit black soldiers for the Union Army. As the enter teaching. We should not place such rigid classroom program covering basic skills, war proceeded, Douglass had two meetings requirements on the loan incentives, that in­ social studies, arts, and sciences; access to with Lincoln to discuss the use and treatment stead of encouraging students, we actually social health, nutritional, and psychological of black soldiers by the Union forces. In con­ discourage students from taking advantage of services; and activities that encourage and sequence, the role of black soldiers was up­ them. I cannot deny that I believe that we enable parents to take part in their child's graded each time and their military effective­ must look for ways to encourage teachers to education as well as decisions about the local ness increased also. work in economically disadvantaged and rural program. Follow Through is distinctive among Douglass was delegated many responsibil­ areas, and that we must give priority to minori­ Federal education programs because it is pre­ ities, among these was to settle disputes ty and high achieving students, but I do not ventive and its students are subsequently less among politicians who differed on the ques­ want to do this to the detriment of attracting likely to need remedial services. tion of race and its corresponding problems, as many individuals as possible into teaching. The Child Development Associate Scholar­ as well as giving advice during the legislative Additionally, as in my bill, H.R. 3909, I think ship Assistance Act was created in 1986 to battles which were waged to establish the that we must find a way to emphasize profes­ provide needed financial assistance to low­ income individuals who otherwise would be constitutional integrity of the slave's emanci­ sional development and inservice activities for unable to afford the cost of the child develop­ pation. those who are teaching in preschool and ele­ ment associate credential [CDA] application As we look back at the important contribu­ mentary grades. I believe that much of what and assessment. The CDA is a performance­ tions made by Frederick Douglass in the aboli­ forms the basis of our students ability to read, based, professional credential awarded to tionist movement, we can clearly say that men write, and compute occurs early in the educa­ people with demonstrated ability to work with such as himself have enabled our Nation to tional process. If we do not provide the means young children. The credential serves not only overcome seemingly insurmountable odds to to revitalize and upgrade the skills of those as a recognition of an individual's skills in establish themselves at the leading edge of teachers in the early grades, we will miss an working with children, but often is the first change and progress in American society. important opportunity. step to further educational achievement. Black Americans have clearly played a vital I hope to be able to work with the chairman The State Dependent Care Development role in our Nation's development-socially, to resolve these concerns as the bill is con­ Grants Act authorizes funds to States for the politically, economically, and religiously. Black sidered in committee. I commend the chair­ planning, establishment, expansion, or im­ History Month allows all Americans to learn man's efforts in the introduction of this bill, a provement of resource and referral programs from past injustices to further ourselves as a bill that can ultimately make a real difference and before and after school child care serv­ Nation; through this valuable history lesson, in the education our children receive. ices for school-aged children. It enjoyed bipar­ we can look confidently into the future with a tisan support at the time of its enactment in commitment to perpetual harmony between 1984 and continues to play an important role races. in expanding the availability of resource and March 1, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3241 referral services and school-aged child care THE FAIR SITE SELECTION ACT future military threats. I question whether programs. mothballing battleships adheres to that neces­ The Community Services Block Grant HON. PETER J. VISCLOSKY sary logic. [CSBG] is designed to provide funding to OF INDIANA I was heartened to see that the Navy was States for a range of services and activities IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES least impacted in Secretary Cheney's pro­ having measurable and potentially major posed 1991 defense budget. As our Nation's Thursday, March 1, 1990 impact on the causes of poverty. CSBG sup­ historical defender, the Navy has consistently ports the operation of nearly 900 community Mr. VISCLOSKY. Mr. Speaker, approximate­ sailed in harm's way, resisting unjust aggres­ action agencies [CAA's] which serve low­ ly 5 years ago, a process was begun to sion and promoting democracy around the income families in 98 percent of the Nation's choose a site in the Midwest for the location world. We are a maritime power, do not counties. The CAA's, based upon assess­ of an airport to relieve the ever-increasing forget. Our future lies in freedom of the seas, ments of local needs, provide short-term congestion experienced at the area's major and control of those same seas if the need direct assistance such as emergency food and airports and to meet the future needs of the should arise. As world trade becomes a great­ shelter, job banks and counseling, and serv­ Nation's air travelers. Thousands of hours er and greater share of our Gross National ices leading to economic self-sufficiency, from have gone into evaluative studies and millions Product, our reliance on the Navy to protect literacy training and budget counseling to the of taxpayer dollars have been expended. Over this country's economic integrity will grow. We time, different phases of the site selection creation of new jobs. also primarily rely upon the Navy to project study have been completed and the number The Low-Income Home Energy Assistance power onshore. Between the years 1945 and of potential locations to be examined has now 1990 we used our naval power 187 times. The Program [LIH~AP] provides block grants to been narrowed to four-three in Illinois and States, territories, and Indian tribes to help question for the future is then one of how do one in northwest Indiana. A final recommen­ we maintain those forces that are most capa­ low-income families meet their energy costs. dation is expected by September 1991. ble and most likely to successfully fulfill our Formula grants are made to States and to While I wish the study had proceeded in a worldwide commitments, responsibilities and Indian tribes to provide low-income house­ more timely manner and a final decision had needs. I point to our battleships as uniquely holds with financial assistance for heating and been rendered by now, I have been confident qualified for that mission. cooling costs, energy-related crisis interven­ that, for the most part, the study was being As evidence I would like to quote from Sen­ tion aid, and low-cost weatherization. The criti­ conducted in a fair and unbiased manner by ator McCAIN'S insightful article entitled, "The cal need for LIHEAP assistance was made all those concerned. Regretfully, recent Need for Strategy in the New Postwar Era," even more evident late last year when the events have caused me to revise my assess­ as appeared in the January 1990 Armed cost of home heating fuels rose dramatically ment. Through actions and words, key nation­ Forces International Journal. He writes, "We as a result of the severe cold weather experi­ al decisonmakers have tainted the process. must be cautious, however, about cutting our enced by most of the country in December. Efforts to address this situation directly have four battleships. They cannot simply be dis­ There are a number of important issues been rebuffed and I now believe that the work missed as outdated weapons. They can deliv­ which need to be addressed in the Head Start of all those who have participated in the proc­ er far more firepower with far more security reauthorization concerning the expansion and ess and the millions of tax dollars spent may along most of the world's coast than an air quality of the Head Start Program. For this have been wasted. Therefore, today I am in­ wing. In fact, one battleship can deliver reason, I am also introducing the Head Start troducting legislation whose purpose is to 40,500 pounds of ordnance at ranges up to Expansion and Quality Improvements Act of ensure that the study proceeds in a proper 23 miles in one minute. Each battleship also 1990 today with Congressman HAWKINS and manner and that outside influences are mini­ has eight quadruple launchers for Tomahawk Senators DODD and KENNEDY which address­ mized. cruise missiles. This gives it the ability to hit es these critical issues. My bill, the Fair Site Selection Act simply fixed targets with incredible precision at The National Governors' Association, a bi­ precludes the Secretary of Transportation ranges of up to 700 miles. The battleshp has partisan report by former Presidents Carter from funding any new airport development an almost ideal surgical strike capability for and Ford, the Committee for Economic Devel­ study for the third major airport in the region. low-intensity war and is the natural partner of opment, the American Academy of Pediatrics, The legislation would also preclude the addi­ fixed-wing air power because it can use its as well as other child advocate and educa­ tion of any new sites for consideration in the cruise missiles and guns to suppress air de­ tional organizations, have all called upon Con­ ongoing study. fense sites. It is also important to note that a gress to fully fund Head Start. The Head Start In conclusion, I must stress that this legisla­ battleship costs only $45 million a year in op­ Expansion and Quality Improvements Act of tion is not intended to promote any parochial erating and maintenance funds. This is less 1990 proposes to fully fund Head Start within interest. Of the four sites being reviewed by than the $48 million per year for a nuclear 4 years. the site selection committee, three are in Illi­ cruiser and about one-third of the $124 million nois and only one is in Indiana. Indeed, the As noted in the February 12, 1990, issue of cost of a conventional carrier." I would further Fair Site Selection Act is meant to protect all Time magazine, there is a critical need to look add that our battleships represent a very large the sites and ensure the impartiality of the at building upon the current effective system percentage of the Navy's gunnery support and process. to enhance the quality of the Head Start Pro­ also carry Harpoon anti-ship missiles. gram. Without addressing quality, a Head Start I found this article, written by a highly deco­ spokesman said: THE NEED FOR OUR rated Navy veteran and a distinguished We could end up like the Savings and BATTLESHIPS member of the Senate Armed Services Com­ Loans. By functioning on the cheap, we will mittee, to be greatly informative. I think it puts eventually so severely underfund Head to rest many questions concerning the cost, Start's ability to deliver quality care that we HON.GLENNM.ANDERSON OF CALIFORNIA capability, and strategic mission of our battle­ will be forced to spend even more to fix the ships. I would just like to add that there is no problems shortsightedness created. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES other type of ship in our fleet so ideally suited The Head Start Expansion and Quality Im­ Thursday, March 1, 1990 to playing the crucial deterrent role of "show­ provements Act of 1990 addresses this issue Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. Speaker, the Navy re­ ing the flag." Speaking softly and carrying a by targeting funds to quality improvement ac­ cently announced its intention to mothball two big stick is easily demonstrated with a fleet of tivities such as teacher salaries and training. battleships, the U.S.S. Missouri and the U.S.S. battleships on your side. Finally, when many We must make an investment both in the ex­ New Jersey. I have made my position known have called into question the survivability of pansion and the quality of the Head Start Pro­ on the need for "reasonable" cuts in our our carriers, I would like to remind all that gram. armed services. As much as anyone, I would there is no ship harder to sink than a battle­ I urge my colleagues to support the Human like to see this nation prudently trim our mili­ ship. Services Reauthorization Act of 1990 and the tary expenditures, as long as that trimming With these facts in mind, t hope that we will Head Start Expansion and Quality Improve­ process is done with our strategic needs in all think long and hard before we decide to ment Act of 1990. mind and adequately accounts for present and mothball these two fine and proud ships. 3242 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 1, 1990 AMERICANS SKATING ON least 75 percent of the acquired companies Target companies reduce their liquidity ECONOMIC THIN ICE were damaged or destroyed. by various devices: purchase of their own Why? A very basic and simple reason. stock with borrowed money, exchanging Businesses are people. Businesses that stock for debt instruments, or leveraged HON. HARRY A. JOHNSTON II become successful invariably have a vital in­ buyouts by management. OF FLORIDA tangible asset: People who are dedicated and Moreover, the ever-increasing concentra­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES hard-working. That fragile asset is usually tion-more 20 percent of the companies in lost or damaged because of inability to mesh Fortune's 500 have disappeared in the past Thursday, March 1, 1990 with the bureaucracy or corporate culture five years-has dangerous consequences. Mr. JOHNSTON of Florida. Mr. Speaker, of the acquirer, especially when a big com­ With lax antitrust enforcement, monopoly what follows is an article written by one of my pany is the buyer. We know it is hard tendencies are emerging in some industries, constituents, Mr. Arthur Burck. This article is enough for two people to stay married; just such as airlines. imagine when two huge corporate families All of this could easily be stopped by Con­ entitled "Americans Skating on Economic are involved. gress withdrawing the tax breaks that fuel Thin Ice." It was published in the Palm Beach We must remember that the giants for the giant mergers. But it will not happen. I Post last October. I believe that Mr. Burck several decades have been beating the say this from having for several decades re­ raises many interesting points, and h.is article bushes to find the most tempting takeover peatedly explored the subject with govern­ certainly deserves widespread reading. targets, the cream of the crop of emerging ment leaders and legislators, including four [From the Palm Beach Post, Oct. 22, 19891 growth companies and leading indepden­ appearances before Senate and House dents. In other words, we have undermined groups in 1977-78. AMERICANS SKATING ON ECONOMIC THIN lcE a generation of our most promising compa­ Indeed, an apt description for today's eco­ (By Arthur Burck) nies, the industrial future of America. nomic scene is "skating on thin ice." At the RoME.-lt takes a stock-market collapse to Nobody has said it better than Japan's national level, our foreign trade balance re­ remind one of how small and interrelated Akio Morita, chairman of Sony Corp.: "Un­ mains at troubling levels; our commercial today's world is. fortunately, America's brightest managerial real estate industry is in recession; our The bleak news of Friday the 13th quickly talent is engaged in takeover moves and banking system is burdened with bad for­ reached me at the Giulio Romano festivai empire-building, in which profits are made eign and domestic loans, ominous in view of amid the medieval castles of Mantua in not by manufacturing and selling goods." the current patchwork in the savings-and­ northern Italy, where it took more than Few today realize how extensive were the loans sector; and a recession lurks at a time four centuries for the message to arrive that abuses and excesses that have endured for when inflation is also a prospect. Romano 0497-1543> should be included decades. To be sure, there are counter-balancing among the world's all-time greats in the art The success of the grand acquisitors has reasons for optimism. We should never world. created a fad atmosphere that encourages forget the tremendous strength of our Then, on the following Monday, the stock normally sound businessmen to join the nation, especially at a time when our com­ markets of Italy and other major countries crowd bent on fast-moving growth. munist rivals already face an economic twi­ plummeted even more-7 percent to 11 per­ Apart from the erosion of our business light. But couldn't we do with less skating cent-than did ours on Friday, just as after structure, we are imperiled by the many on thin ice? Black Monday two years ago when many worst-case scenarios that lurk in the risky foreign markets sank 30 percent to 40 per­ practices that have infiltrated our financial cent. The grave lesson is that when America community. Wall Street was never a place HOUSE CONCURRENT RESOLU­ sneezes, the rest of the world catches a cold. where the public or the national welfare re­ TION 87: PERSECUTION OF THE In Rome, businessmen are not very happy ceived priority consideration, indeed, there BAHA'I about such disruptive consequences. For ex­ has always been a tendency to ignore the ample, Count Eolo Poll Sandri, a noted fin­ supplication of the Lord's Prayer: "And lead ancier, lamented: "By hard work, since the us not unto temptation." SPEECH OF ruins of World War II, we have pulled up The excesses of mergermania and today's our economy to become second in Europe casinolike atmosphere are reminiscent of HON. DOUG BEREUTER and fifth in the world. Now, because of some the free and easy 1920s. OF NEBRASKA takeover problems about which we know The business casualties of the Great De­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nothing, we see our economy threatened pression were often caused by speculative just as it was two years ago." practices of the 1920s that nowadays are Tuesday, February 27, 1990 Mergers, of course, are indispensable to an again rife in, our financial community ex­ Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, according to effective free economy. But for decades we cessive debt, "junk bonds" the right to travel, the ability to Thursday, March 1, 1990 inherit property, and even on occasion the HON. WILLIAM F. GOODLING right to purchase food. OF PENNSYLVANIA Mr. SCHEUER. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong This resolution demonstrates the continuing IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES support of the bill introduced today by my dis­ commitment of the U.S. Congress to press for Thursday, March 1, 1990 tinguished colleague from Michigan, Mr. KILDEE, together with myself and several other respect of religious minorities in Iran. Resolu­ Mr. GOODLING. Mr. Speaker, since tions concerning the Baha'is have been colleagues, to provide for full funding of the became the ranking Republican member on Head Start early-education program by 1994. passed by both Houses of the Congress in the Education and Labor Committee, the 1982, 1986, and again in 1988. The resolution Mr. Speaker, the proposed budget recently question unrelated to education which is most submitted to Congress by the President would we are considering today has 139 cospon­ often asked of me is, what is Congress going sors, demonstrating the overwhelming support increase Head Start funding by $500 million in to do about the 31 million uninsured Ameri­ fiscal year 1991 to a level just under $1.9 bil­ of this resolution: cans? Mr. Speaker, this member would bring to lion. This 35-percent increase in Head Start is While I, too, have many questions about our commendable, but it is only a small step in your attention the gentleman from Pennsylva­ health insurance system, I do not have all of the right direction. nia [Mr. YATRON] whose tireless efforts on the the answers. I do, however, feel strongly that Under current funding levels, only one in behalf of the Baha'i have made this resolution we must do something and that we must pro­ every six poor children in America who need a possible. I also would like to voice my appre­ ceed in a deliberative fashion-studying all Head Start education is able to get pne. The ciation to Chairman LEE HAMIL TON of the Sub­ the problems, and looking at the Canadian President's proposal would increase that committee on Europe and the Middle East, system to fully understand why it cannot be figure to one in five needy children. That still and ranking member GILMAN of that subcom­ transplanted wholesale as a solution to the leaves almost 2 million disadvantaged 3- to 5- mittee, for acting in a timely and expeditious problems being experienced in the United year-olds deprived of a vitally important Head manner on this important resolution, and for States. Let us not rush into adopting legisla­ Start experience. In other words, the adminis­ the distinguished chairman and ranking tion that could cost billions of tax dollars yet tration proposal ignores the needs of 80 per­ member of the Foreign Affairs Committee, Mr. fail to help those we intend to serve, the Na­ FASCELL and Mr. BROOMFIELD. Truly, Mr. tion's uninsured. cent of our kids at greatest risk of education Speaker, this is a bipartisan effort that enjoys I was pleased to learn that my colleague failure. That is not nearly good enough. overwhelming support. FRED GRANDY was working on legislation. In At last September's education summit, the As an original cosponsor of this resolution, fact, I cosponsored his bill, H.R. 4070, entitled participants-who included numerous State along with the gentleman from Pennsylvania "Healthcare Empowerment and Access Legis­ Governors-issued a list of national education Chairman YATRON, this Member would urge lation." I did so not because I believe that it goals. The No. 1 educational priority identified adoption of this resolution. contains all of the answers or the only an­ at the education summit was to improve "the swers to solve the problems of our Nation's readiness of children to start school." Addi­ uninsured but because I strongly believe that, tional priorities included: THE SIMON WIESENTHAL in a matter as important as this, it would be Reducing the dropout rate and increasing CENTER beneficial to have several alternatives for dis­ academic performance, particularly for at-risk cussion purposes. students; HON. ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN H.R. 4070 provides incentives for private Improving the functional literacy of adult OF FLORIDA and public-private partnership arrangements Americans; IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to be established to simultaneously address Achieving a level of training necessary to guarantee a competitive work force; and Thursday, March 1, 1990 the issues of access to health-care coverage and the affordability of such coverage, with an Establishing safe, disciplined and drug-free Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, on emphasis on improving the quality of health schools. Thursday, March 15, 1990, the Simon Wie­ care. The ERISA preemption of State health All of these goals need the help of Head senthal Center, in its Southern Regional Trib­ benefit mandates will encourage insurers to Start. The Head Start Program works. It was ute Dinner, will honor Sol A. Shenk and Ted offer more affordable group plans to unin­ the pearl of the 1960's antipoverty program, Turner. The evening will feature a tribute to sured employers. The preemption of State with perhaps the greatest return on invest­ Holocaust remembrance through the perform­ barriers to managed care options will encour­ ment of any U.S. social program. It has made ing arts organized by honorary chairmen, age competition and initiatives in approaches a critical difference in the educational success Harry Gampel and Robert Marlin and cochair­ to cost control and quality review. of a generation of disadvantaged children. men, Sol Taplin and Rita Schwartz. I bring this This issue is a priority. This year we can The President knows this. He stated clearly activity to your attention because it represents expect reports from the U.S. Bipartisan Com­ in the text of his recent budget submission: the day to day seeking of justice that the mission on Health Care-the Pepper Commis­ "Research shows that Head Start children ex­ Simon Wiesenthal Center is committed to. sion-the Advisory Council on Social Security, perience substantial immediate gains in cogni­ The Simon Wiesenthal Center was estab­ and an independent task force on the health­ tive growth, school readiness and achieve­ lished in 1977 as an institution dedicated to care system led by the Undersecretary of the ment." the study of the Holocaust and other human Department of Health and Human Services, And in the 1990 Economic Report of the rights issues. Constance Horner. President Bush in his State President, the President praised the program's The Wiesenthal Center was founded to pre­ of the Union Address has weighed into this virtues, stating that Head Start "significantly serve the memory of the Holocaust such that, debate by directing the Secretary of Health improves children's subsequent school per­ no other people shall ever fall victim to geno­ and Human Services, Dr. Louis Sullivan, to formance." cide-the crime of hate. The center is spon­ lead the White House Domestic Policy Council But when it came time for the President to soring innovative education and awareness review of health care in America. translate his words into action in this year's programs in the areas of Holocaust studies, I would hope that, when legislation in this budget, the proposed funding did not match and educational outreach to schools and the area is considered, the committees of jurisdic­ the rhetoric. An additional $500 million for media. The center maintains many dynamic tion will give serious consideration to the Head Start is welcome, but it is nowhere near relationships with public and private agencies. Grandy proposal, H.R. 4070, in addition to the the "full funding" that is needed so desperate­ It corresponds with officials informing them of recommendations contained in the various re­ ly. Indeed, according to the analysis of the contemporary situations of intolerance and ports that I just mentioned. Joint Economic Committee, even with the pro- ( 3244 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 1, 1990 posed funding increase, only 20 percent of of Head Start is estimated to cost between $5 public housing, health care, and teenage preg­ needy 3-, 4- and 5-year-olds in America will be and $1 O billion annually. The administration, nancy. able to find an opening in a Head Start Pro­ rather than make this investment in future Another recent study by Bill Beuchner, gram. economic security, instead plans to continue senior economist of the Joint Economic Com­ Just this week, at a hearing of the Educa­ spending our tax dollars on budget-busting mittee, demonstrates that an earlier U.S. pro­ tion and Health Subcommittee of the Joint strategic nuclear programs, despite the virtual gram-the World War II GI bill of rights-real­ Economic Committee, a panel of two highly­ withering away of the Soviet threat. In reality, ized an enormous payback from its invest­ respected American business leaders-Frank in the 1990's, the threat to our national securi­ ment in education. According to the study, Doyle, vice president of General Electric, and ty from an emerging underclass and an illiter­ every $1 of U.S. investment in the GI bill re­ William Kolberg, president of the National Alli­ ate workforce is far greater than any Soviet turned between $5 and $12 in increased eco­ ance of Business-testified strongly in favor of threat. nomic output by World War II veterans, over full funding of Head Start. Their statements Yet, the President's budget spends $5.5 bil­ the course of their lives. were testament to the fact that Head Start is lion for the B-2 bomber; $4. 7 billion for Star It is abundantly clear that, for the very same not only important for reasons of justice, Wars. And $2.2 billion for putting MX missiles reasons, a small investment in Head Start equality, and compassion, but also for bottom­ on trains, despite the fact that, unanimously now will return many times that investment in line economic reasons: American industry ur­ this month, the three past chairmen of the the future. gently needs an educated work force. Indeed, Joint Chiefs of Staff testified that the mobile I congratulate my colleague from Michigan Head Start is a front-side investment that ac­ MX program is a dinosaur. These programs on his leadership on this vitally important initi­ tually will save money in the long run. are relics of a bygone era, yet the administra­ ative, and I look forward to working closely And the truth of the matter is that we can tion insists on throwing good money after bad. with him toward its successful passage and afford to fund fully the Head Start Program. Cutting just these three Pentagon budget enactment. The United States has a $5 trillion economy­ busters would free up more than enough by far the largest in the world. It is a matter of funds to provide a Head Start experience to choosing more intelligently our national prior­ CORPORATE PENSIONS every 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old, underprivileged ities: child in America. The administration clearly It is time we started facing our real HON. PHILIP M. CRANE choices. We have to stop saying that we needs to revise its definition of "national secu­ rity" for the 1990's and the next century. OF ILLINOIS cannot afford to do this or that, when all we IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mean is that we cannot afford it within the In economic terms, Head Start is one of the rules of the game we have arbitrarily estab­ best investments we can make in the future of Thursday, March 1; 1990 lished and agreed to play. What we should this country. According to the Bureau of Labor Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, as we enter the mean when we say that we cannot afford to Statistics, the fastest growth in jobs between second session of the 101 st Congress, I want spend a certain amount of money for drug now and the year 2000 will be in highly skilled control, or for education or for assistance to to urge my colleagues to resist efforts that poor people or for national security is that white-collar occupations, where 97 percent of may be made to forbid pension asset rever­ we prefer to spend the money on something workers have high school diplomas and 57 sions on over-funded pension plans. else. percent have college degrees. James A. Stover, who is chairman of the Mr. Speaker, these are not my words. They At the very same time, however, there is Board of Eaton Corp. which is one of the are those of Herb Stein-a conservative, Re­ projected to be a scarcity of young people en­ larger corporations in my district, recently de­ publican economist, who headed President tering the labor force. And among those who livered a speech to the American Society of Nixon's Council of Economic Advisers-in do, there will be a growing percentage of mi­ Corporate Executives. In his address, Mr. recent congressional testimony. As Stein bril­ norities-including African-Americans and His­ Stover makes some very insightful comments liantly argues, it is ludicrous to say that this panics-who currently have higher-than-aver­ with respect to a number of pension-related great Nation cannot afford to provide an early age drop-out rates and lower-than-average issues and the ill-advised proposals that are education to every disadvantaged child who educational attainment. Unless we invest in being considered by some in Congress. I be­ needs it. Of course we can * * * If only we our children now, they will enter the workforce lieve we can all benefit from Mr. Stover's re­ have the political will, the foresight, the cour­ in 15 years with very little hope of qualifying marks, and I highly recommend his address to age, and the enlightened self-interest. for the jobs that then will be available, and my colleagues. On May 1 of last year, the Education and which our society will need urgently to be REMARKS BY JAMES R. STOVER Health Subcommittee, which I chair, conduct­ filled. One of our topics for this session was in ed a hearing in New York City that document­ The U.S. simply cannot be competitive in the employee benefits area ... health care. ed the economic and social benefits of early the world economy in the century ahead if a It's an interesting topic and more needs to pre-school education. When former Head large chunk of our work force is grossly un­ be heard on it. I'm going to talk about an Start participants were compared to a control dereducated. It is beyond belief that this area that's closely related. group that had not had the benefits of pre­ Nation is willing to borrow over $100 billion a My subject is pensions. What I see coming out of Washington these days just doesn't school education, the Head Start group had year to buy consumer electronics and cars smell right. When that happens, it's time to fewer dropouts from high school, fewer who from abroad and yet refuses to invest a frac­ start making noise & yelling! were ever arrested, fewer on welfare, and tion of that amount in a proven program to Where am I coming from? Let me say that many more who were fully literate, employed, rescue children at desperate risk of educa­ it suddenly seems appropriate to note that and in college. tional failure, with all of its attendant costs to yesterday was the 97th anniversary of the In light of these numerous, documented, society. day that the Dalton Gang simultaneously cost-effective benefits from Head Start, one is The economic cost of denying a Head Start robbed two banks.... The federal govern­ perforce moved to ask a very simple question: experience to 80 percent of needy children­ ment is not, of course, literally robbing the pension system. But the trend of pension "Why hasn't the administration requested full as we would do under the President's pro­ laws and regulations is downright scary. So funding for Head Start, to allow every Ameri­ posal-is enormous. Two recent studies shed much of what is going on has a pious and can child who needs it to have access to this light on the long-term damage we are inflicting sanctimonious ring to it. Every change, of invaluable and enriching pre-school experi­ on our society. course, is designed to "help" the retirees. ence?" One, a study at Stanford University, found But if it continues, the pensioners will be The only possible answer is that the admin­ that the loss to the U.S. economy from the "helped" the same way depositors of those istation views Head Start funding as an ex­ dropouts in a single year's high school class two banks were "helped" in Coffeyville, penditure and not an investment. That is nationally-just in terms of lost economic Kansas back in 1897. There may not be any "wanted" posters around of guys with ban­ shortsighted, both in economic and national output-is $228 billion over their lifetimes. danas, but maybe there ought to be. security terms. This study did not even examine the billions of The general idea of pensions is, of course, In national-security terms, the President's dollars in additional costs that result from in­ simple. But the specifics of pensions gets budget priorities indicate the administration is creased law enforcement, incarceration, wel­ complicated in a hurry, so I'm going to over­ still mired in a Cold War mindset. Full funding fare payments, unemployment compensation; simplify and take a few liberties in the in- ..-._-..r- ___ ....., -~- ,-.. _ .,.-- • ,._ • -- ~ •I - .. - - I .. TI • • 1 -- --- ~·· ·-~ ----~·,.,.----

March 1, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3245 terest of time and clarity ... and besides, Companies are cancelling or suspending tra­ simply be passed out to employees and retir­ I'm no pension expert. It's the trends that ditional pension plans in record numbers. ees in a pension windfall. Oh, and by the bother me, and that's what I want to bring From all quarters, the government seems way, the government takes a 15% cut of the out. to be taking aim at defined benefit pension excess assets in the form of an excise tax, so Twenty or so years ago, it was big news plans. Like always, their motives are pure as there isn't a tax holiday on reversionary when a few private pension plans failed. We Snow White. Most proposals are designed to excess. all remember those sad stories back in the achieve some quote, "good," quote, purpose. Metzenbaum and Clay have confused this late 60's and early 70's. Studebaker was one But the regulations are generally so awful issue in the public's mind. They project the case that got a lot of attention. The Stude­ that the patient is going to leave the hospi­ view that employers are raiding the emplo­ baker pension plan was grossly under­ tal rather than swallow the medicine. It's yee-pension cookie jar, rather than taking a funded when the company went belly up. A time we stood back and looked at what's surplus that they put in there in the first lot of employees who thought they had pen­ going on. place! sions learned they were out of luck. Since 1982, ERISA has been amended no Just last week, another proposal was Back in 1974, Congress stepped in to less than seven times. Each change brought beaten back. This one was proposed by Rep­ strengthen the private pension system with new and sweeping requirements on employ­ resentative Peter Visclosky of Indiana. the law we know as ERISA. It stands for ers. The focus has been in such areas as Under the Visclosky proposal employers Employee Retirement Income Security Act, funding, contributions, vesting and non-dis­ would have been required to share control although people at the time said it stood for crimination rules. One way or another, of investment decisions for pension plan "Every Ridiculous Idea Since Adam." We these changes forced employers to spend assets with employees ... in the form of a complained about ERISA, but most of us more money. Some regulations required em­ board. The legislation envisioned a board of yearn for those simpler days of yesteryear ployers to pour more soup into the pot. trustees made up of both employee and em­ back in 1974. In the 15 years since, ERISA Others required employers to use a larger ployer representatives. regulations have got a lot worse and great ladle in dishing out the soup. Still others In fact, no employer will accept a struc­ deal more costly. said that more people should be in the soup ture that gives investment control to others Let's talk a little bit about the "kinds" of line, or required that more empty bowls be while it stays completely on the hook for pension plans. Being a "lifer" with Eaton, given out. any fund shortfalls. The employer still has all I ever knew was the "defined benefit" Having done that, Congress also enlarged to keep his promise even if the investment is type that provides a specific amount of the size of its own ladle and its own soup a poor one. income after you retire. There is a formula bowl ... a lot! Legislation in recent years Fortunately, the Visclosky proposal failed based on years of service and salary, of has meant bigger tax bites. The "driver" has last week in a 250 to 173 vote in the House. course, but the focus is on how much you been the need for federal revenue, not the But we shouldn't be too encouraged. The get. It's up to the company to do enough health of pensions. Tax law changes have issue may be dead for this year, but it is funding to see that happens. The company dramatically reduced the tax incentives for likely we will see some variation of this takes the risk. As we know, that's the kind retirement savings. This has made it unlike­ theme in the future. of pension commitment that ERISA was ly that employers will fund their retirement The Congress, under pressure from primarily aimed at regulating. programs at anything other than the mini­ Gramm-Rudman, can no longer find the But companies aren't required to make mum possible levels. That's the irony. These funds to continue its social agenda. So they that type of benefit commitment, and today changes encourage only minimum funding. are shifting gears. The focus to legislate to many companies provide another kind-a Congress is setting all the rules for private force the private sector to fund the social "defined contribution" plan. In a defined pensions so they can minimize responsibil­ programs the Congress wants to accomplish, contribution plan, the company generally ities under Social Security. It's a different but which it lacks the tax revenues to makes a contribution of up to 10% of an em­ way to spend other peoples' money without achieve. ployees wages into an investment fund. Or, having to call it taxes. Pension funds are an attractive target. in many cases, the level of contribution is The key issue these days is who owns the The nation's private pension plans have $1.7 tied to profits of the company. No profits, excess money in defined benefit plans-em­ trillion dollars. It is that huge pool of cap­ no contribution-or perhaps a limited con­ ployers or employees? ital that is whetting the appetite of a Con­ tribution. That provides a real profit incen­ Under both ERISA and earlier pension tive for the employees and the company. legislation there was no doubt. Excess fund­ gress that thinks it is starved for funds. What is the advantage of the contribution ing for defined benefit plans belonged to All the do-gooder legislation is putting type? The company simply agrees to the employers. The surplus is defined as the government hands on pension funds-par­ amount of money it will put IN to the fund. amount left over after the employer meets ticularly defined benefit pension funds­ There is no promise of the earning rate on ALL obligations to participants-current em­ under the guise of "protecting the pension­ the money put into the fund, and no prom­ ployees and retirees. Under new legislative er." But all these efforts will have the oppo­ ise of how much money will be available at proposals employers who generously funded site effect-causing employers to minimize the end of the trail. defined benefit plans would be penalized for funding. Suffice it to say that we're in for Also, the contribution plans are not sub­ their conservative practices. Proposed legis­ more governmental pressure on private pen­ ject to nearly as many onerous ERISA regu­ lation is now saying that the reward for sion assets, not less. lations. They are much simpler to report on over-funding will be that you can't get the In the interest of truth-in-labeling-which and administer. The company in effect is excess money back! is always big with Congress-we should saying to employees, "we'll put up to a given Earlier this year Senator Howard Metz­ insist that the current body of legislative amount of money away for you each year. enbaum of Ohio and Representative Wil­ proposals on pensions be called, "The Living The money will be invested, and your pen­ liam Clay of Missouri introduced the Em­ Tribute to the Dalton Gang!" sion at retirement will be based on your in­ ployee Pension Protection Act of 1989. It vestment balance at that time." Clean. was aimed at companies who wanted to re­ Simple. Like making repeated deposits in a capture excess funding from defined benefit SOVIET-AMERICAN EFFORT TO bank account. A variation to this approach pension funds-a process known as "rever­ CURB HARMFUL IMPACT OF allows employees to kick in some of their sions." Since 1980, about 1,900 defined bene­ WATER PROJECTS own money, but not more than 10% of the fit pension plans have gone through this re­ pay according to ERISA rules, or the plan version process. After fully paying off the loses its tax advantages. Admittedly, some 2.1 million workers and retirees under the HON. GEORGE MILLER employees-particularly very young ones­ plans, the companies recovered about $20 prefer the defined contribution approach billion in surplus assets they put in. OF CALIFORNIA and the fact that contribution plans are Metzenbaum's and Clay's legislation IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "portable" after vesting. would require companies involved in rever­ Most pension experts agree that this first sions-that is, the cancelling of their exist­ Thursday, March 1, 1990 type-the defined benefit plan-is the most ing defined benefit plan-to set up new, re­ Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, glas­ worry-free for the employee. But because of placement pension plans. Employers who nost has led to a number of remarkable the burden of ERISA and the IRS code, and failed to do so would lose control of the sur­ changes in the Soviet Union. One of the most under the threat of still more negative legis­ plus funds. The replacement pension plans important has been the increased exchange lation, no one is creating new defined bene­ would be required to provide a 125% or fit plans anymore. At one time three times 135% cushion against projected liabilities. of Soviet citizens to visit the United States. as many Americans were in defined benefit The employer also would have to provide a In mid-February, a unique conference was plans as were in defined contribution plans. cost-of-living increase to retirees. If there is held in Washington, DC, between activists Today, the ratio is getting close to 50/50. no replacement plan, all excess assets would from several major American environmental 3246 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 1, 1990 organizations and the Soviet Association for and that large projects invariably involve Gary Hart campaign for Congress. In addition, Ecology and Peace [Ekologie y Mir]. great cost and environmental damage. she is a member of the Democratic State The focus of this conference was to share February 16, 1990 Central Committee, the L.A. County Democrat­ information on efforts by all the participants to BRENT BLACKWELDER, ic Central Committee, the JFK Democratic Vice President, Friends of the Earth. save rivers and to stop environmentally de­ ALEXANDER MISCHENKO, Forum, a member and participant in Califor­ structive large dam and water diversion Deputy Chairman, Ekologia y Mir (Ecol­ nia's 58th Assembly District, and of course, a projects. ogy & Peace). member of the Long Beach Democratic The conference has led to an important EDWARD 0SANN, Women Study Club, the organization that is statement of cooperation between the organi­ Director, Water Resources Program, Na­ honoring her as the "Democratic Woman of zations involved. In the joint statement, the tional Wildlife Federation. the Year." Soviets have pledged to assist the Americans SUPPORTING ORGANIZATIONS My wife, Lee, joins me in extending our con­ in efforts to protect the Platte River. The Kevin Coyle, Acting President, American gratulations to Betty Whitaker. She is truly a Platte provides essential habitat for sandhill Rivers, Inc. remarkable individual who has devoted her cranes which nest in Canada and the Soviet Bruce Rich, Director of International Pro­ talents and energies to enriching the lives of Union. grams, Environmental Defense Fund. so many other people. We wish Betty, her The American organizations agreed to pro­ Philip Williams, President, International Rivers Network. sons, George and Steve, all the best in the vide assistance in efforts to halt construction Ed Pembleton, Director, Water Resources, years to come. of large water projects on the Volga and National Audubon Society. Katun Rivers and to assist in forming an Inter­ Cathy Fogel, Associate International Rep­ national Coalition to Save the Aral Sea. resentative, Sierra Club. HONORING THE OLDER Mr. Speaker, the Soviet and American envi­ AMERICANS ACT ronmental organizations are to be congratulat­ ed for undertaking this unique cooperative A CONGRESSIONAL. SALUTE TO effort. Let us hope that it is the first of many BETTY WHITEKER IN HONOR HON. DALE E. KILDEE such efforts. OF HER SELECTION AS DEMO­ OF MICHIGAN Mr. Speaker, I insert a statement outlining CRATIC WOMAN OF THE YEAR IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Soviet-American effort to save rivers at Thursday, March 1, 1990 this point in the RECORD: HON.GLENNM.ANDERSON Mr. KILDEE. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support STATEMENT OF JOINT U.S.-SOVIET OF CALIFORNIA COOPERATION TO SAVE RIVERS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the resolution introduced by my colleague, Mr. DOWNEY, honoring the Older Americans The undersigned U.S. and Soviet organiza­ Thursday, March 1, 1990 tions announced that they will work to sup­ Act on its 25th year of successful operation. port each others' efforts to save rivers and Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise. to pay Long viewed as the major vehicle for the or­ to stop environmentally destructive large tribute to an outstanding individual who has ganization and delivery of social services to dam and water diversion projects and to devoted so many years of her life to the bet­ the elderly, the Older Americans Act and the modify existing projects which are causing terment of Long Beach and the surrounding programs it authorizes are among the most environmental damage. community. Betty Whitaker will be honored by popular operating in the Federal Government The organizations announced four specific the Long Beach Democratic Women Study today. Whether it be through a congregate or actions being taken this week to implement this broad and ambitious objective. Club on March 2, 1990, as their "Democratic home-delivered meal, participating in senior First, the Soviet Association for Ecology Woman of the Year." This occasion gives me center activities, receiving nonmedical in­ and Peace (Ekologie y Mir> will support U.S. the opportunity to express my sincere appre­ home assistance, or finding a job through the environmental organizations in their efforts ciation for her many years of hard work and Senior Community Service Employment Pro­ to save the Platte River in Nebraska. The unending commitment. gram, the Older Americans Act has been suc­ Platte River provides essential habitat for Betty was born on July 20, 1923, in Ana­ cessful in helping elderly persons remain hundreds of thousands of migratory birds, heim, CA. However, she received most of her active and independent participants in their including sandhill cranes which nest in formal education in Long Beach. During her own communities. Canada and in Siberia. Second, the undersigned U.S. environmen­ earlier years, she attended Willard Elementary This silver anniversary celebration not only tal organizations will assist the Soviet Asso­ School, and St. Mathews Catholic School. marks the completion of 25 years of success­ ciation for Ecology and Peace and the Com­ Later, after graduating from Wilson High ful operation, but serves as a new beginning. mittee to Save the Volga and other Soviet School, she attended Long Beach City Col­ Meeting the social service needs of a greatly organizations in their efforts to save the lege, and UCLA, where she received her nurs­ increasing aging population is the challenge Volga River. Intensive damming and water ing degree. for the future and the Older Americans Act, diversions in the Volga River Basin, togeth­ Throughout her life, Betty has been known through its wide array of authorized services, er with intensive industrialization became active in the Democratic Party during and demonstration grants, has not only served and its majestic valley from a gigantic dam. Ted Kennedy's Presidential campaign, phon­ to greatly expand our base of knowledge on The organizations believe that the effi­ ing, fund raising, and walking the precincts. the aging process, but has provided detailed cient use of water and energy should be the Betty also worked on Bob Fronke's State information on issues affecting the elderly cornerstone of water policy for our nations senate campaign, and was local chair for the such as employment, health, and housing _-'T""", ...... ,...... -.-- .. .---- ,.-- • ...,,_,.. --..... -.--.....-,-:-- ._...... _ __ .., -=---·· .. --~.

March 1, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3247 issues. Many individuals have also received I just feel it's taking too long to do this. I Law in 1961 and became president of Ben­ training in the field of aging through this title. don't drink the water. I'm paying $14 a week nington College in 1965, a post he held until Title V supports almost 64,000 positions to for six gallons of bottled water. I wash in coming to Rutgers. my well water, sometimes. I used to use it to The Bloustein years at Rutgers were a provide low-income elderly with meaningful water my flowers, but my African violets employment opportunities. These seniors, period of phenomenal growth. Enrollment didn't bloom. So I started using the bottled increased from 36,869 to more than 47 ,000. many working with other older individuals, are water for that and they started to bloom More than 60 percent of all Rutgers degrees able to supplement their incomes while provid­ again. ever awarded bear Dr. Bloustein's signature. ing important services to the communities in Mr. Speaker, it is now March 1990 and He took great pride in the significant in­ which they live. water main construction at Lake Sandy Jo has crease in minority graduates and the growth 1991 will be an important year for the Older barely started. Various Federal agencies hag­ of opportunities for women during his Americans Act. Scheduled for reauthorization, tenure. gled for almost 3 years about who was going One of Dr. Baloustein's highest priorities we will work diligently to tailor the act to the to pay this Federal tax. Ironically, most of it needs of a changing aging population. was to raise the national stature of both will be paid for by the Federal Government. Rutgers and New Jersey. Under his guid­ In conclusion, the problems experienced by ance, the number of Rutgers faculty in the THE RIGHT TO SAFE DRINKING those who live near Lake Sandy Jo and the national academies soared from three to WATER ACT OF 1990 countless others like them throughout the nineteen. country deserve to be able to drink, bathe, Colleges and schools established during and cook in water that is safe and clean. his tenure include Cook College; the Mason HON. PETER J. VISCLOSKY Gross School of the Arts; the Schools of OF INDIANA Business in Camden and New Brunswick; IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES TRIBUTE TO THE LATE DR. the Graduate School of Applied and Profes­ Thursday, March 1, 1990 EDWARD J. BLOUSTEIN, DIS­ sional Psychology; the School of Communi­ cation, Information and Library Studies; Mr. VISCLOSKY. Mr. Speaker, there is TINGUISHED PRESIDENT OF RUTGERS UNIVERSITY the School of Criminal Justice in Newark; something fundamentally wrong when a coun­ and the Graduate Schools in Newark and try's Tax Code is structured so as to force Camden. people to drink contaminated water when HON. ROBERT A. ROE With the opening of the Rutgers Athletic other options exist. OF NEW JERSEY Center in 1977, Dr. Blaustein began efforts There is something fundamentally wrong IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to develop Rutgers as a national competitor in intercollegiate athletics. when a country's Tax Code penalizes utilities Thursday, March 1, 1990 for extending safe water services to areas In 1979, he initiated the reorganization of Mr. ROE. Mr. Speaker, it is with the greatest the facilities of the New Brunswick liberal threatened by ground water contamination. solemnity and admiration that I rise today on arts colleges. The resulting plan established There is something fundamentally wrong behalf of the entire New Jersey Congressional a single Faculty of Arts and Sciences while when a country's Tax Code forces Federal Delegation to pay tribute to a truly great, an preserving the ·undergraduate colleges. agencies to use Federal funds to pay Federal A 1983 study of the future financing needs taxes. outstanding administrator and a true visionary of Rutgers paved the way for creation of of higher education who was taken from our Today I have introduced legislation to the Fund for Distinction, a financial strate­ change this fundamental problem with our Tax midst late last year. gy for implementing a development pro­ Code. My legislation, the Right to Safe Drink­ I am speaking of the late Dr. Edward J. gram that now includes more than $600 mil­ ing Water Act of 1990, will allow a utility to ex­ Bloustein who served with the highest distinc­ lion in capital projects. Passage of the 1984 tion as president of Rutgers, the State univer­ state bond issue provided funds for five ad­ clude from its gross income, for Federal vanced technology centers while the 1988 income tax purposes, a contribution received sity of New Jersey, from 1971 until his death on December 9, 1989. During his long and bond issue provided more than $100 million to aid construction for water main extensions for a variety of educational projects. One of in cases where public health is threatened by outstanding tenure, Dr. Edward J. Bloustein the most effective fund raisers in higher ground water contamination. These contribu­ helped make Rutgers one of our Nation's truly education, Dr. Blaustein announced in June tions are now taxable under section 118 of preeminent universities. 1989 that the $125 million Campaign for the Internal Revenue Code. Recently, Mr. Speaker, we honored the Rutgers had exceeded its financial goal a The exemption will only apply in cases memory and the lasting and profound accom­ year ahead of schedule. plishments of this great man at a truly moving Despite the demands on his time, Dr. where the donation of dollars or property is Blaustein continued to teach and do re­ received from a governmental entity. Under university memorial convocation in Dr. Blous­ tein's honor at Rutgers. For the RECORD, Mr. search. He wrote extensively on the law, and the current system, utilities pass the tax on to his article on privacy is often cited. He was the public body which must use tax dollars to Speaker, I would like to insert the text of the the author of the books The University and pay taxes. In addition, the legislation will only Memorial Convocation Program, which gives a the Counterculture and Freedom of Expres­ apply to circumstances where wells already in comprehensive overview of Dr. Bloustein's sion, and was writing a book on the First existence have become contaminated, there­ great accomplishments, and all that he has Amendment at the time of his death. by preventing developer abuse. meant to Rutgers University, to the State of Throughout his tenure, Dr. Blaustein ex­ While this legislation addresses a growing New Jersey, and to our Nation: pressed his moral, ethical, and educational philosophies openly and clearly. He took EDWARD J. BLOUSTEIN, 1925- 89 nationwide problem, I am aware of a situation part in the public protests against the Viet­ in northwest Indiana that painfully illustrates Dr. Edward J. Blaustein, the seventeenth nam War and South African apartheid. the effects section 118 can have on communi­ president of Rutgers, left an indelible mark More recently, he worked as a volunteer in a ties and their residents. upon New Jersey and its State University. New Brunswick soup kitchen. His passion The Lake Sandy Jo Superfund site is locat­ A philosopher and lawyer, he was presi­ for the principles he believed in led him to ed in the center of a small northwest Indiana dent of Rutgers from 1971 until his death call in 1988 for a community service require­ December 9. Under his guidance, Rutgers neighborhood. The solid wastes that accumu­ ment for all Rutgers undergraduates to became one of the nation's leading state "help educate our students to the world of lated in this one-time landfill have seeped into universities, and was recently selected to the surrounding environs-contaminating the sick and the aged, the world of the de­ join the prestigious Association of American prived and dispossessed, a world which nearby ground water and threatening the Universities. looms before us and which we can no longer health of nearby residents. Born of immigrant parents in New York continue to neglect except at our moral and The Environmental Protection Agency [EPA] City in 1925, Dr. Bloustein served in the political peril." determined that it was necessary to bring United States Army from 1943 to 1946. He His beloved wife of thirty-seven years, water mains to the neighborhood, however, graduated Phi Beta Kappa from New York Ruth Ellen, died in October 1988. He is sur­ problems with section 118 of the Tax Code University in 1948 and later received a bach­ vived by two daughters, Elise and Lori, elor of philosophy degree from Oxford. He t hree sisters, and a brother. have blocked progress for almost 3 years. married Dr. Ruth Ellen Steinman in 1951. In June 1988, a widow who lives next to He attended Cornell, earning a doctorate in Mr. Speaker, on behalf of the entire New Lake Sandy Jo was quoted in a local newspa­ philosophy in 1954 and a law degree in 1959. Jersey Congressional Delegation, I appreciate per: He joined the faculty of the NYU School of the opportunity to present this brief profile of a 3248 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 1, 1990 truly great man, and an outstanding educator, end the ignorance of all racial prejudices considering whether to grant most-favored­ administrator, leader, and visionary whose which scar our Nation's past. I wish Mr. nation [MFN] trade status to the Soviets. The work has made Rutgers University one of the Morley the best of luck in his endeavors. Congress will have the opportunity to decide great universities of our Nation, and whose whether to approve a waiver of the Jackson­ work has made New Jersey, our Nation, and Vanik amendment which bars MFN status for the world a better place to live. ANTI-SEMITISM IN THE SOVIET any Communist nation that restricts emigration UNION of religious minorities. I welcome these trade initiatives because I believe they will promote BLACK HISTORY MONTH­ HON. JOHN M. SPRATT, JR. economic and political stability for these new HONORING WAYMON MORLEY OF SOUTH CAROLINA governments. At the same time, we must tell IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES these governments that they must demon­ HON. ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN Thursday, March 1, 1990 strate a commitment and ability to safeguard­ OF FLORIDA ing their Jewish minority in order for these IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. SPRATI. Mr. Speaker, I am deeply con­ barriers to be removed. We must also contin­ cerned by reports about significant increases ue our pressure on the Soviet Government to Thursday, March 1, 1990 in the level of anti-Semitism in the Soviet permit direct flights between Moscow and Tel Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, I rise Union and many parts of Eastern Europe. It is Aviv so that Soviet Jews who wish to emigrate today, the final day of Black History Month, to tragic and ironic that during this euphoric will be able to leave the Soviet Union. pay tribute to a figure who is inspirational to period of freedom which has swept the Soviet The small number of Eastern European the black community in Miami, Mr. Waymon bloc, some people are exploiting their new Jews who survived Hitler's final solution and Morley. Black history is full of inspirational sto­ found liberty to raise the old canard of anti­ have remained in Eastern Europe have the ries of people who have made invaluable con­ semitism. This pattern is being witnessed in right to live in dignity, free of persecution. We tributions to unite our racially divided society. several Eastern European nations including must make clear to the relevant European People such as Frederick Douglass, Dr. Martin Hungary and East Germany but it has taken governments that we believe they have a Luther King, Dr. Carter G. Woodson, Jackie on its most dfisturbing aspects in the Soviet solemn duty to protect their Jewish minority Robinson, Dr. Charles Drew, and many others Union. I would like to insert into the RECORD and we will consider their record in achieving have been instrumental in making these con­ an article which appeared last week in the that goal when we determine the future of our tributions. Often, people fail to remember that Washington Post and was written by Vitalii economc and political relations with them. history is not something always confined to Goldanskii, a senior Soviet official. Mr. Gol­ The article follows: the past, it is a continually evolving facet of danskii lays out in great detail the ways in our society; Mr. Morley is an example of histo­ which anti-Semitism is manifesting itself. ANTI-SEMITISM: THE RETURN OF A RUSSIAN ry in the making in my home district of Miami. I find it incredible that only 45 years after NIGHTMARE Because of the racial hatred and oppression Hitler's Holocaust, which wiped out most of in our country, black Americans had to strug­ Europe's Jews, some Europeans are still Supporters of President Gorbachev's per­ gle against the odds in order to achieve suc­ blaming the Jews for the world's problems. In estroika are increasingly alarmed by the cess. Ladies and gentlemen, Mr. Morley is a the U.S.S.R., members of an anti-Semitic possibility that this program of restructur­ shining example of how success is no longer Soviet organization called Pamyat have stated ing and reforms may collapse. Should this determined by the color of one's skin, and it is time to "finish the job" which Hitler start­ occur-and it cannot be ruled out even in the near future-it would be a disaster not serves as an example of how unlimited suc­ ed by killing the world's surviving Jews. Scat­ only for the Soviet Union but for all hu­ cess is available in our great nation through tered reports have reached the West of Jews mankind. dedication and hard work. who have been physically beaten on the Many of the difficulties being encoun­ Born in Miami, Morley graduated from North streets of Soviet cities because of their reli­ tered by perestroika are well known outside Miami Beach High School, then went to gious background. Rumors abound throughout the Soviet Union, as are some of the poten­ Howard University, receiving a degree in fi­ the Soviet Union about upcoming pogroms or tial consequences if perestroika fails. But nance. At age 21, Mr. Morley had a booth in a mass attacks against Jewish homes, syna­ too little attention has been given, until flea market on Seventh Avenue in Miami; gogues and Jewish cemeteries. A few weeks now, to the special dangers posed by the growing aggressiveness in the Soviet Union there, he sold magazines, clothing, and gift ago, in Leipzig, East Germany scores of so­ of extreme right-wing, virulently anti-semit­ items. In 1987, he received his M.B.A. from called skinheads held a demonstration where ic groups that seek to subvert perestroika, the University of Miami, and then began work­ they shouted anti-Jewish slogans and blamed to blame the country's past and present ing as a business development specialist with Jews for Germany's economic problems. Anti­ problems on the Jews, and Russia." I prefer to call them Rus­ tremendous achievements for the black com­ organize and speak out. But we must make sian monarcho-Nazis

March 1, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3249 against the Russian people in the form of bloody ethnic conflicts and intensifying sep­ will lead to a mass exodus of Jews, people of the millions of Russian deaths in civil war, aratist movements in nearly all of the outly­ partly Jewish extraction and "racially pure" collectivization and various purges; destruc­ ing districts of the Soviet Union. liberal intelligentsia. This new wave of emi­ tion of tens of thousands of Russian church­ Specifically, this situation offers the mon­ grants-refugees from monarcho-Nazi es and historical monuments; and spirtual archo-Nazis considerable opportunities for power-could reach several millions and poisoning of the people through the intro­ blackmail and intimidation of Gorbachev would represent a serious brain-drain from duction ·of decadent and corrupt Western and his closest advisers, through the claim the U .S.S.R. culture alien to Russian tradition. They that, in conditions of the "decline of As for the possibility of another Holo­ even accuse the Jews of ritual murders and empire," the Russian heartland and her caust, it certainly could not reach the scale a worldwide conspiracy against humankind, "genuine sons" constitute the only reliable of earlier Nazi crimes: The world has making reference to the disgraceful hoax, basis for preservation of Gorbachev's power. changed too drastically in the last half cen­ "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion." Such arguments are being used to push tury for that. But a wave of pogroms more There is striking similarity, in fact, be­ Gorbachev toward the right and to divide or less along the lines of the infamous tween the views, programs and intentions of him from his true supporters on the left­ "Kristallnact" cannot be ruled out-weaker the Russian monarcho-Nazis and the origi­ the liberal intelligentsia. The result could if a government like the present one tries to nal Nazi platform as laid out in Hilter's be a repetition of the circumstances that oppose them, stronger if a successor govern­ "Mein Kampf" and other infamous docu­ produced the downfall of Khrushchev in ment of the monarcho-Nazi stripe sympa­ ments of the German Nazi period. This sim­ 1964. thizes with the pogrom lust. ilarity, and the resemblance of the general In parallel with their attempts to intimi­ What should be done? As a start, the situation in the Soviet Union in 1988-90 to date Gorbachev, the monarcho-Nazis have world public should be informed of the ac­ that in Germnay in 1931-33, have been pub­ been openly attacking his foreign policy. tivities and intentions of the new followers licized by progressive Soviet mass media. They even have accused Gorbachev of being of Hitler in the Soviet Union and should be The newspaper Soviet Circus, for example, an agent in the service of the CIA and the told their names. The famous "Brown has printed a point-by-point comparison of Israeli intelligence service, the Mossad. Book" published by anti-fascists in 1933, Pamyat's manifesto with the program of With this two-pronged strategy of intimida­ after all, was the first important step in the the Nazi Party of the 1930s. tion and direct attack, the Russian monar­ exposure of the Nazi crimes of that era. The main organization servipg as a coordi­ cho-Nazis hope to attain either a decisive in­ Clearly, the publishers of newpapers, jour­ nator of the monarcho-Nazi forces is the fluence over Gorbachev's policies or his re­ nals and books, and producers of electronic Union of Writers of the Russian Federation moval and replacement at the seat of power media, have an important role to play. racism, the results (Literary Russia), "Nash Sovremennik" ty of the monarcho-Nazis' program to that are likely to include not only a rapidly grow­ ; about the anti-semitic campaign against so­ and these are also the targets of pogrom the Chabad-Lubavitch movement, and as such called cosmopolites <1949), the shooting of propaganda. has had a profound effect on all who have leading Jewish writers and artists <1952), or The brazenness of monarcho-Nazi threats known him. Indeed, in recognition of his ac­ the disgraceful "Doctor's plot." (1953), against Soviet Jewry has been increasing. In complishments, President Bush issued a proc­ while many other Stalin-era crimes against addition to anti-semitic rallies and the dese­ lamation, which was introduced by myself and various nationalities of the Soviet people cration of Jewish cemeteries around the the distinguished majority leader at that time, were scrupulously mentioned. country, which have been going on for some Similarly, an appeal by more than 200 the Honorable TOM FOLEY, dedicating Educa­ time, it now seems that meetings of liberal tion Day U.S.A. for 1989 and 1990 to Rabbi people's deputies of the U.S.S.R. to the Pre­ intellectuals are no longer safe from disrup­ sidium of the First Session of the Congress tion by Pamyat thugs. Schneerson. of People's Deputies in June 1989, express­ On the evening of Jan. 18 of this year, for I urge my colleagues to read this article to ing concern about the "growing wave of example, a meeting of the progressive gain a better appreciation of a truly great and anti-semitic activities, including open calls "April" group of writers at the Central fascinating man. for violence that could lead to irretrievable House of Writers in Moscow was invaded by A RABBIS' RABBI SEEKS THE ESSENCE OF consequences," went unanswered. That was some dozens of Pamyat monarcho-Nazis JUDAISM also the fate of a letter written to Gorba­ with megaphones. They roughed up some of chev on this subject by 10 distinguished sci­ the writers, forcibly ejected others from the and wearing, bound to pearance-black hats, black coats, long Jewish organizations thought he was crazy. his forehead and left upper arm, the tefillin, beards. ... He suggested building facilities to care a pair of leather boxes containing four seg­ But at a time when other branches of the for these people when the Soviet Union ments of the Torah. Jewish tradition appear to be losing adher­ began to collapse." "In Jewish scripture, it says that you shall ents, Lubavitch appears to be prospering. The Lubavitchers did, and went on to bind the holy words against your hand, Best estimates suggest a worldwide follow- build Satec, a research facility in Jerusalem, which refers to the heart, and between your March 1, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3251 eyes, which means against the head," ex­ I appreciate very much the patience and TRIBUTE TO MARVIN plains Rabbi Krinsky. professionalism of our reporters and printers ALTENBURG The rebbe prays for 40 minutes, then moves out to a vestibule to greet visitors. who work so diligently each day to provide Though they pass quickly, he says some­ what I consider the most comprehensive and HON. DENNIS M. HERTEL accurate accounting of our proceedings each thing to everyone, blessing them and pre­ OF MICHIGAN senting each with a crisp $1 bill "so that day we are in session. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES they may go out into the world and use it Mr. Speaker, I also want to add for the for tzedaka, or charity," says Rabbi RECORD a statement from my dear friend and Thursday, March 1, 1990 Krinsky. On his feet for six to eight hours straight, colleague, the gentleman from Hawaii [Mr. Mr. HERTEL. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Rabbi Schneerson's stamina wears out his AKAKA] for his support and willingness to honor an outstanding man, Mr. Marvin Alten­ entourage. Each passerby exchanges words assist me with whatever Samoa may need as burg, who has been named "Lutheran Layman and a glance, transfixed by his electric blue a result of the devastation caused by Hurri­ of the Year" by the Lutheran Luncheon Club eyes. cane Ofa. of Metropolitan Detroit. He is a member of St. On a typical Sunday, as many as 5,000 Mr. Speaker, thank you for your attention to Thomas Lutheran Church in east Detroit and people pass through between 11 a.m. and 3 will be honored at a special ceremony on p.m. On his 40th anniversary, the number this matter. exceeds 10,000, the queue lasting past dark March 6, 1990. and including New York Mayor David N. Marvin has displayed tremendous dedica­ Dinkins and state Attorney General Robert HURRICANE OFA tion to the Lutheran community all of his life. Abrams, Marvin is currently a member of the St. The dignitaries gone, chaos resumes as SPEECH OF Thomas Senior Choir and Men's Chorus. In thousands of men, women and children the past he served as the president and vice press forward to greet Rabbi Schneerson. HON. DANIEL K. AKAKA president of the congregation and was the "You are a doctor? Yeah? Good luck for you Sunday School superintendent for 15 years. and all your patients." OF HAWAII He also took an. interest in athletics; coaching IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES DYNASTY'S FUTURE? and playing on the church baseball team and The rebbe will turn 88 in April. He has no Wednesday, February 28, 1990 serving as treasurer for the bowling team. children, though so far the dynasty has fol­ Outside of the St. Thomas community lowed, primarily, patrilineal descent. Mr. AKAKA. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to join I He has lived alone for the past two years, my dear friend and colleague, Congressman Marvin has also displayed deep commitment to other activities in the area. He was past since the death of his wife of 60 years. This ENI FALEOMAVAEGA of American Samoa, to president of the Greater Detroit Sunday prompts varied reactions: For some, it is a call the attention of Congress to the devastat­ School Association, and was past president of source of concern; for others, curiosity or in­ ing hurricane, Hurricane Ofa, which hit Ameri­ difference or even relief. the Lutheran Luncheon Club, and is currently A decision has not been made as to who can Samoa and Western Samoa on February a member of the Lutheran Layman's League will succeed Rabbi Schneerson. Some people 2. I do so to ask the support of my colleagues and is involved in the Luthern East High believe the dynasty, and perhaps the move­ to provide additional resources if that be­ School Booster Club. ment, will end with him. Others argue that comes necessary. I also wish to extend my Marvin has also been a man who is dedicat­ the situation will provide an opportunity to deepest sympathy to the families of those begin a new dynasty. ed to his job. He worked at Michigan Bell for who died in Western Samoa, and commiser­ "They seem to be one of the few groups in over 42 years as a staff manager and retired the Jewish community that takes seriously ate with my Pacific Island friends in the in 1983. He has continued to be involved with the Jewish value that one soul is the equiva­ Samoas. his former job through the Pioneers of Amer­ lent of an entire world," Mr. Bayme says. The immediate effects of Hurrican Ofa were ica, an industrial volunteer organization which devastating to say the least, and its continuing is sponsored by the Bell Co. He has been a impact grave. Fortunately, though damage member for 26 years and served as president PERSONAL EXPLANATION and destruction of property was extensive, of the Southfield Council and even served as there were no deaths in American Samoa. president of the Wolverine Chapter for 1984- HON. ENI F.H. FALEOMAVAEGA However, hundreds were injured, some seri­ 85. OF AM. SAMOA ously. Twelve died in Western Samoa. We in Marvin is an individual who is dedicated to his religion and helping those in the Lutheran IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Hawaii, especially the Samoan community, have risen to the emergency with food and community in the Metropolitan Detroit area. Thursday, March 1, 1990 clothing drives. However, the devastation is so My dear colleagues please join me in honor­ ing Mr. Marvin Altenburg as he is honored as Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA. Mr. Speaker, I just great that volunteer action alone will not meet the "Lutheran Layman of the Year." want to inform my colleagues concerning cer­ the crisis of food, clothing and housing, and tain names that were not included in yester­ power shortages. Immediate congressional day's CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. I certainly do action may become necessary after a more THE SHORT-TERM EXTENSION not fault the recorders and reporting staff, be­ complete posthurricane assessment is com­ cause some of these names are in the OF THE ENERGY POLICY AND pleted, and I urge my colleague to rise to the Samoan language, and as such they were just CONSERVATION ACT occasion. not able to correctly spell the names of those individuals whom I mentioned in my statement Under the proven and forceful leadership of HON. PHILIP R. SHARP Congressman FALEOMAVAEGA, the administra­ yesterday. OF INDIANA tion acted with alacrity to come to the assist­ Mr. Speaker, for the record, I made refer­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ence to the honorable president of the senate ance of American Samoa. Once requested by who is Paramount Chief Letuli T oloa, and also Governor Coleman for a declaration of emer­ Thursday, March 1, 1990 our speaker of the house, High Chief Tuana'i­ gency on February 9, the President declared Mr. SHARP. Mr. Speaker, today, Congress­ tau Tuia. American Samoa to be a major disaster area man MOORHEAD and I are introducing a bill to Additionally Mr. Speaker, I made reference within 3 days, thus setting the stage for imme­ extend the Energy Policy and Conservation to Lt. Gov. Galea'i Poumele, who is presently date action by the Federal Emergency Man­ Act [EPCA] from April 1 through August 15, in charge of our overall territorial disaster task agement Agency which I'm advised is doing a 1990. Unless EPCA is extended before April force to address the problems caused by Hur­ splendid job with the resources available to it. 1, 1990, the Department of Energy may not ricane Ofa. I want to assure Congressman FALEOMA­ have sufficient authority to draw down the Mr. Speaker, I want to note the names of VAEGA that he and the people of Samoa have strategic petroleum reserve [SPA] in response the above gentlemen as it should have been my full support. to an oil shortage. printed on page H 555 of the CONGRESSIONAL The bill is a 4%-month extension of title I RECORD dated February 28, 1990. and a 2V2-month extension of title II. Title I 3252 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 1, 1990 contains authority to fill and use the SPR; title wick case in 1986, questions have been terest. 5 In practice, this is a very difficult II contains an antitrust exemption for the raised about the crime known as sodomy. standard to meet. major oil companies which would allow them Indeed, particularly within the District of Co­ Is it true that sodomy, like other so-called to coordinate use of oil supplies during times lumbia, there seems to be quite a bit of confu­ victimless crimes which occur in private, are of oil shortages. Part of the function of this bill sion regarding the crime and its enforce­ rarely if every prosecuted? is to put the expiration of title I and title II on ment-or lack thereof. Sodomy, like other crimes which occur the same schedule. Although sodomy is a crime in 24 States as strictly in private and do not have immediate This short-term extension of title I is the well ·as in the District of Columbia, the District identifiable victims, is usually not prosecuted second recent short-term extension. A previ­ is unique in that Congress rejected a recent in the absence of aggravating circumstances. 6 ous extension had extended title I of EPCA attempt by the DC City Council to abolish the However, this is not always true, and such from June 30, 1989 to April 1, 1990. An im­ crime, see United States v. Langley, 112 WLR cases are frequently punished where one or portant feature of this extension was a re­ 801 (Sup. Ct.). For this reason, and because more of a large number of aggravating circum­ quirement for the administration to complete a Congress has both a particular interest and stances are present. This section compares study of alternative financing mechanisms for specific constitutional responsibility with sodomy with other so-called victimless crimes. the SPR. regard to crimes committed in the Nation's (1) prostitution: Mistresses who are kept by This study was completed on February 1: It Capital, it seems appropriate to try to put men, and compensated for providing sex are contained a recommendation that the Con­ some of the confusion to rest. usually not prosecuted-nor are the men-if gress consider legislative language that This memo, therefore, attempts to briefly the activity is done strictly in private and in a allows, but does not require, the Department address some of the most common questions discreet manner. This is true even if someone of Energy to lease oil for storage in the SPR. and misconceptions related to the crime of else-for example, the man's jealous wife­ The legislative language is unusually complex sodomy in the District of Columbia. 1 The issue finds out and seeks prosecution. and will require detailed review to assure it is addressed generally, and the memo does Indeed, even escort and outcall services are provides appropriate oversight safeguards as not expressly or by implication refer to any not often prosecuted because the sexual acts well as giving DOE sufficient latitude to credi­ particular Member of Congress. As the at­ are kept secret. Notorious cases, in which the bly sit at a bargaining table with potential les­ sors of oil. tached article indicates, sodomy and solicita­ matter creates a public scandal like the "May­ With their study, the Department submitted tion for sodomy remain serious problems in flower Madam" case in New York City, are the a recommendation not to expand the SPR the District, and interfere with education at the exception which tends to prove the rule. beyond 750 million barrels. These two issues District's major universities, including George­ (2) illicit drug use: The use of illicit drugs in 2 alone are of sufficient importance and com­ town and George Washington. private between consenting adults is rarely the plexity that it will be impossible to adequately Is a law prohibiting sodomy in private be­ basis for prosecution by itself. Where drug-re­ consider them before the current expiration of tween consenting adults constitutional, or lated prosecutions occur they are more likely EPCA. does it violate fundamental rights? to involve selling or attempts to sell, attempts In addition to these two issues, there are In a case with the ironic name of "Hard­ to use or acquire the drugs in a public place, other unresolved issues related to the SPR. wick," the U.S. Supreme Court made it clear or where drug possession is uncovered as a These include increased flexibility in Presiden­ in 1986 that there was no fundamental right result of an investigation into something more tial authority to draw down the SPR; the desir­ for homosexuals to engage in sodomy, even serious. However, vigorous prosecution efforts ability of some refined product storage in the in private, and that it was not constitutional for are frequently employed where the perpetrator SPR; authority to allow the SPR to be used to States to make homosexual sodomy a crime, 3 is a politician, sports celebrity, or other public respond to domestic shortage; currently its even when committed in private and between figure. use is restricted to shortage in oil imports, and consenting adults. See Bowers v. Hardwick, (3) gambling: Gambling which occurs in pri­ authority to conduct test drawdowns of the 106 Sup. Ct. 2841 (1986). vate is almost never prosecuted, even where SPR. The court based its decision on the fact it is illegal. However, where aggravating cir­ Therefore we are recommending this short­ that: cumstances are present-such as where it term extension to allow proper and deliberate (1) sodomy had been a crime ever since the occurs in public, involves cheating, result in consideration of the reports, the energy policy Nation began, and that it remained one in 24 fights, has connections to organized crime, issues, and the implications they raise. States and the District of Columbia at the time and so forth-it may be. The Subcommittee on Energy and Power of the decision; (4) miscellaneous: Telling fortunes, even for will move expeditiously to consider these (2) sodomy had been universally con­ money, incest when it occurs between two issues and recommend a bill to improve the demned throughout most of history; and mature consenting adults, charging excessive way we use the SPR, our first line of defense (3) a contrary holding with regard to sodomy rates of interest for noncommercial loans, and against an energy emergency. would probably mean that other sexual acts other so-called victimless crimes are also H.R. 4167 committed in private-that is, incest between rarely prosecuted except where aggravating Be it enacted by the Senate and House of consenting adults-would probably also have circumstances are present. Representatives of the United States of to receive constitutional protection. What types of aggravating circumstances A m,erica in Congress assembled, Not specifically mentioned, but certainly not are likely to result in a prosecution for sodomy SECTION I. EXTENSION. far from the minds of the Justices, was the ar­ or other victimless sex crimes? The Energy Policy and Conservation Act gument that making homosexual sodomy a It appears that while people are usually not <42 U.S.C. 6201 et seq.) is amended- fundamental constitutional right would make it charged with the crime of sodomy unless (1) sections 171 and 104(b)(l), by striking very difficult if not impossible to adopt laws, out "April 1, 1990" each place it appears and there are aggravating circumstances, prosecu­ inserting in lieu thereof "August 15, 1990"; regulations, and even enforcement policies tions are frequently brought where there are and aimed at controlling the spread of AIDS aggravating circumstances. These aggravating 4 (2) in section 281, by striking out "June through anal intercourse. circumstances for sodomy include: 30, 1990" each place it appears and inserting To justify actions closing down bath houses (1) when it occurs during the course of rob­ in lieu thereof "August 15, 1990". and other places where homosexuals fre­ bery, rape, or some other crime involving vio­ quently practice anonymous sodomy, restrict­ lence; SODOMY ing male-male escort services which often (2) when one of the parties claims that vio­ serve as a cover for prostitution, keeping ho­ lence or the threat of violence was used, even HON. WILLIAM E. DANNEMEYER mosexuals out of the Army and so forth would if the evidence is not strong enough to sup­ have required a showing that there was a port a conviction; OF CALIFORNIA compelling governmental interest, and that the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (3) when minors are involved, as was appar­ Government had taken the narrowest, weak­ ently true in the Gobie case; Thursday, March 1, 1990 est possible action which could protect that in- (4) when it occurs in public or in a public Mr. DANNEMEYER. Mr. Speaker, ever place, or where the solicitation is occurring in since the Supreme Court decided the Hard- Footnotes at end of article. a public place. From time to time one reads .... ,.,.,. _, .... ~----...... ~ .... - • -.-,,....'f'l=--·'Jll"r :r--...... -'T""'""•.,....- ..--,rr .. ..,._,.,, ,- .. -• 1 .. •r--r, .... ·---.r ~-----~rr-"'' ~- -~-.~.,,_ • .._..--;-..,...-r•------.------...,~~ r'"" ,,...~1""'""~~-_...... ,.-...- - 1

March 1, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3253 about situations where restrooms known to be Court of Appeals, the District's highest court, Ms. Gatta said most of the "cruisy areas" listed concern men's bathrooms, and said the homosex­ used for casual homosexual sodomy are put during the year 1989, and were the subject of uals use restrooms in order to protect themselves. under surveillance, and those engaged in the a written opinion. Most were affirmed, and "You can't be that blatant," she said. "You can't act are arrested; where they were not it was on some technical just get down and do it in the hallway." (5) where it occurs as part of an act of "The problem needs to be handled on the societal or evidentiary basis having nothing to do with level," said Marcel Prather, president of GW's Les­ prostitution, or in connection with other crimes the nature of the crime. This number does not bian and Gay People's Alliance. "When there is less such as drug dealing; include those convictions for sodomy which homophobia, there will be a decrease" in such inci­ (6) when charging the perpetrator may help were appealed and did not result in a written dents. persuade him to confess to other crimes, or to However, Mr. Prather said that because of the opinion. It also appears that during the 1980's, burgeoning problem in the GW student center, "I otherwise assist the police by providing infor­ approximately 60 sodomy cases were decided personally don't feel comfortable using the bath­ mation, cooperating in a setup, and so forth; by the same court. rooms." . Recent reports of homosexual activity and inde­ (7) where it involves a prominent person It is also generally true that for every con­ and/or becomes known to the public in such cent exposure in Georgetown University's Lauinger viction of a crime which is reviewed by a juris­ Library included the drilling of holes in the parti­ a way that law enforcement authorities cannot diction's highest court, there are dozens if not tions separating stalls in the men's rooms which, ignore it. 7 .hundreds of convictions which are not ap­ according to the university security director, could Does the public's knowledge of a crime be used for peep holes or for anonymous sex. pealed, and a much larger number of situa­ constitute an aggravating circumstance justify­ " If there is a hole, it can be used for any pur­ tions in which the crime was charged, but the pose," said Georgetown security director William ing prosecution? person was allowed to plead guilty to a lesser Tucker . . . Indeed, there appear to be many circum­ "They are seeking quick, anonymous, furtive stances where an action which would not ori­ offense, or was found not guilty. Thus it would sex," Whitman-Walker health educator Joe Izzo dinarily be prosecuted as a crime is treated in appear that sodomy is still prosecuted with said. "It's been going on for centuries, and I don't some frequency in the District. believe it's going to stop." this way because of the need to make an ex­ 3 The U.S. Supreme Court specifically limited its ample and to avoid giving the public the To see what the pattern was in other decision to acts of sodomy between homosexuals. wrong impression that persons escape pros­ States, the WEST LAW service was asked to Most experts seem to agree that it would be uncon­ ecution because of their station in life. The fol­ determine how many cases there were in stitutional to make heterosexual sodomy illegal, es­ other States decided during the year 1989 pecially between married people, since it falls lowing are recent examples. within the zone of privacy which applies to acts re­ (1) It is not unusual for prosecutorial au­ which had the word "sodomy" in them. The lated to procreation and reproduction. thorities to fail to prosecute for a variety of answer was over 500. While not all of these • According to the most recent report from the reasons, but to be forced to change their cases involve convictions of the crime, and Center for Disease Control dated January 26, 1990, 115, 786 cases of AIDS in adults and adolescents minds by public pressure which results from may use the word only incidentally in connec­ have been reported. Of these 70,093 <60.5%> were an exposure of the situation on television or in tion with other matters, it does suggest that reported among homosexual or bisexual males, a newspaper article. there are a significant number of sodomy 24,212 (20.9) among intravenous drug abusers, and an additional 8,117 <07%> among homosexual males (2) Persons who violate the income tax law prosecutions in other States also. who were also drug abusers. In contrast, the total are generally dealt with in civil proceedings, In addition, the NEXIS service was asked to number of reported cases among both heterosexual However, in the case of prominent people see how many news and magazine stories in men <2,308, 02%> and women (3,322, 2.9%> who are such as Mrs. Helmsley, or tax protesters who not drug abusers was less than 5% of the total. It is its database written during 1989 mentioned also relevant to note that Washington D.C. had publicly boast about their activities, prosecu­ the word "sodomy," and also used in the more reported cases than all but five cities: New tion may be seen as warranted so as to deter same article any one or more of the following York, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Houston, and others from engaging in similar acts. Other­ words: "convict," "conviction," "charge," Newark, N.J. •Within the past several days the U.S. Supreme wise, prominent people seem to be getting "charged," or "appeal." The answer was that Court rejected arguments that barring homosex­ away with it, and this harms public confidence far more than 500 did. uals from the armed forces violated either the First in the fair enforcement of the law. When the same search was narrowed to Amendment of Equal Protection rights of homosex­ (3) Situations in which an innocent person uals. In doing so the Court held that the govern­ the period of the last 3 % months-after Octo­ ment need only show a rational basis, not a compel­ uses deadly force to defend against a threat ber 1989-the number was still over 200. ling state interest. See Ben-Shaiom v. Marsh, 58 are usually not made the basis for prosecu­ While some of these stories may likewise only U.S.L.W. 2118 0990>. tion. New York City subway shooter Bernhard a In other words, homosexuals who engage in acts mention sodomy in some other context, this of sodomy in strictest privacy with lovers with Goetz appears to have been an exception be­ research also indicates that the term is alive whom they have a long-term commitment and a cause of the massive publicity and public and well in the news media as well as the lasting and loving relationship probably have little outcry, even though persons involved in simi­ courts, and that prosecutions in other States worry about prosecution, see, e.g., Hardwick. How­ lar situations occurring at the same time were ever, they engage in random acts of sodomy with with similar statutes occur frequently. prostitutes, or with casual strangers in semi-public never even charged. places, prosecution is much more likely, and also (4) Mayor Barry is of course a prime exam­ FOOTNOTES much more justified. See note 2. ple of this general principle. Certainly the U.S. ' As it is most states where it is illegal, sodomy is 7 For example, several months ago the National attorney would not have conducted a lengthy a very serious crime in the District of Columbia. Law Journal reported on a male state senator who Prohibited by § 22-3502, it is a felony punishable by apparently let a call girl perform oral sodomy on and very expensive investigation resulting in 10 years in jail. It has also been held in the District him at a party, and who was then charged and • for various reasons and all time has come for Congress to complete the center, "I personally don't feel comfortable should be visited strictly at your own risk. job it began and eliminate the last remnant of using the bathrooms." Play safe." the S&L crisis, the Office of Thrift Supervision. Recent reports of homosexual activity and "P Street Beach," 23rd and P streets NW The Bank and Thrift Regulatory Agency indecent exposure in Georgetown Universi­ . Merger Act accomplishes that goal by elimi­ ty's Lauinger Library included the drilling "Rest Stop," on I-95 South, between Bal­ nating the OTS, which will: of holes in the partitions separating stalls in timore and Washington. the men's rooms which, according the uni­ Provide the thrift industry with a stable, versity security director, could be used for "The Block," from 30th to 31st streets proven and permanent regulatory that can peep holes or for anonymous sex. NW between 0 and Dumbarton streets properly guide it over the long road to recov­ "If there is a hole, it can be used for an y (Late). ery. The current chaos and paralysis at the purpose," said Georgetown security director Ninth Street NW from E to H streets. OTS guarantees future problems if not imme­ William Tucker. George Washington University student diately corrected. A number of "suspicious" sexual activities center. Maintain consistency between the stand­ have been reported so far this year at the Georgetown University-G.T. Walsh Marvin Center on 21st Street NW, prompt­ Building, Gym and Nevis Hall. ards that apply to S&L's and the correspond­ ing campus security to increase patrols in Park Avenue, bounded by New York ing standards that apply to their competitors, the building. Avenue, 12th, 11th and I streets NE. the banks. At this time, the rules are being in­ The director of the Marvin Center, LeNor­ The woods surrounding P Street

March 1, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3255 financial institutions. Disorder, negative publici­ As Congressman OWENS has pointed out, tors, the television industry, and consumers ty, and a shrinking industry have made the television has become a central part of our who back this bill. Mr. Speaker, I urge my col­ OTS a less attractive place to work, causing society in gaining access to entertainment, leagues to support this legislation to provide key people to resign and discouraging pro­ news, and education. Unfortunately, many decoder technology for the millions of Ameri­ spective employees. The administration's in­ Americans with a hearing loss are denied full cans who can benefit from it. ability to find someone willing to serve as the and equal access to this vital source of infor­ new director of the OTS has highlighted this mation, now taken for granted by the hearing critical problem. population. Until the 1970's, deaf and hard of WEIR FARM, CONNECTICUT'S Currently, the OTS supervises both Federal hearing persons had no access to television. FIRST NATIONAL PARK and State savings and loans as well as the The development of closed-captioned televi­ savings and loans holding companies. Under sion programming has made it possible for HON. BARBARA B. KENNELLY this act, the OTS would be dissolved and its deaf and hard of hearing persons to see what supervisory duties would be delegated to the television has to say. Through the years, I OF CONNECTICUT Office of the Comptroller of the Currency have been proud to play a role in Federal IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES [OCC] and the Federal Reserve Board. As a funding initiatives to start and expand closed­ Thursday, March 1, 1990 result, the OCC would be responsible for over­ captioning services. Currently, the Federal seeing Federal and State S&L's as well as na­ Government funds about 40 percent of Mrs. KENNELLY. Mr. Speaker, Connecticut tional banks, which it currently supervises. closed-captioning services. may be a small State, but it certainly has The Federal Reserve would assume responsi­ Since 1979, the amount of closed-captioned many great treasures. Today I joined my Con­ bility for the S&L holding companies, consist­ programming has dramatically increased. The necticut colleagues in introducing legislation ent with its authority over bank holding com­ Commission on the Education of the Deaf re­ which would make one of those treasures­ panies. ported that by the end of 1987, there were the J. Alden Weir Farm of Wilton and Ridge­ It is important to note that this act would more than 125 hours of closed-captioned pro­ field, CT -my State's first national park. not eliminate the separate thrift industry, nor gramming per week. This year, 100 percent of Weir Farm is more than just a beautiful would it even change the laws, regulations or prime-time shows will be captioned. In order estate. Since its acquisition by artist J. Alden rules under which S&L's or their holding com­ to provide economic incentives for the contin­ Weir in 1882, Weir Farm has served as both a panies are currently operating. Indeed, all laws ued growth of closed-captioning, more homes retreat and inspiration for great American art­ and regulations that affect S&L's, including need to be provided with decoders. ists. With over 200 acres of meadows, wood­ those mandated by FIRREA, would remain The National Captioning Institute estimates lands and wetlands, the Farm's landscapes intact and unchanged. All this legislation pro­ that at least 1 million homes need to receive and pastoral setting have inspired many won­ poses to do is to eliminate an agency that is closed-captioning in order to make the cap­ derful works, including those of its owner, J. unable to fulfill its mandate and is not neces­ tioned service economically viable and inde­ Alden Weir, considered by many to be the sary in the long run. pendent of Federal funding. However, since leader of the American Impressionist Move­ The current situation at the OTS is abysmal. 1979, decoder sales have been far below that ment. At Weir Farm, every rock, tree field, M. Danny Wall, Director of OTS, announced figure. Many senior citizens simply cannot barn and house on the land has been record­ his resignation months ago. With no replace­ afford to purchase a separate decoder and ed and explored in paintings. They offer a ment forthcoming from the administration, the are reluctant to do so because of the stigma glimpse of the beauty of the land at the turn agency is rudderless. And the confidence attached to it. of the century-and they remind us of the im­ among his subordinates necessary to make To many deaf and disabled people, pur­ portance of preserving that land for the enjoy­ important and difficult decisions is nonexist­ chase of a separate decoder is an economic ment of generations ahead. ent. The result is arbitrary regulation which hardship. A Lou Harris survey found that two­ Weir Farm has also became the gathering damages healthy S&L's and pushes marginal thirds of all disabled Americans between the place for some of the best American artists of S&L's needlessly toward insolvency. At this age of 16 and 64 are not working. Those dis­ the era, including Childe Hassam, J.H. critical juncture, Congress must act to ensure abled people who are working are often in Twachtman, and Albert Pinkham Ryder. Fol­ that all S&L's are supervised by a strong regu­ low-paying jobs with little opportunity for ad­ lowing Weir's death in 1919, his son-in-law lator. vancement. Mahonri Mackintosh Young-a grandson of Mr. Speaker, the OTS is a redundant Technological advances now make it possi­ Brigham Young and a gifted artist in his own agency, and its removal will end needless and ble for manufacturers to include built-in de­ right-sculpted many of his finest works at the costly duplication and confusion. Moreover, coder circuitry at a nominal cost. By requiring farm, including monuments to the Mormon tra­ eliminating this agency will save the taxpayers the installation of decoder circuitry on new dition now installed in Salt Lake City and money. This act will finish what FIRREA start­ televisions with screens 13 inches or larger, throughout Utah. Many of Young's works have ed and help end the national embarrassment closed-captioning will soon reach all 24 million been left in the house at Weir Farm. Today, that has been the savings and loan scandal. deaf or hearing impaired Americans. artists Sperry and Doris Andrews live and In addition, studies show that closed-cap­ work at Weir Farm, making them the third tioned television facilitates the teaching of lit­ consecutive American artists to have occupied ACCESSIBLE TELEVISION FOR eracy skills. It is a national tragedy that an es­ and cared for Weir Farm since Mr. Weir first ALL AMERICANS timated 23 to 27 million American adults are acquired this property. functionally illiterate. Another 3 to 4 million Many have worked to preserve the farm. HON. DAVID E. BONIOR Americans learning English as a second lan­ Trust for public land, cooperating with the An­ OF MICHIGAN guage will benefit from built-in decoders. drews family and descendants of Mr. Weir and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Television Decoder Circuitry Act of Mr. Young, bought back what they could of 1990 is supported by a number of leading or­ the original property. Simultaneously, the Weir Thursday, March 1, 1990 ganizations representing deaf and hard of Farm Heritage trust was formed by local resi­ Mr. BONIOR. Mr. Speaker, I am proud to hearing people, including Gallaudet University, dents, selectmen, State legislators, conserva­ support the Television Decoder Circuitry Act the National Association of the Deaf, the Alex­ tionists, and art enthusiasts to raise money for of 1990 introduced by my colleague Repre­ ander Graham Bell Association for the Deaf, the protection of the farm and to manage it sentative MAJOR OWENS today. Over the the National Center for Law and the Deaf, the until the Park Service could participate. years, much progress has been made in ex­ American Speech-Language-Hearing Associa­ In 1984 Weir Farm was listed on the Nation­ panding closed-captioned television program­ tion, the American Society for Deaf Children al Register of Historic Places. The Connecti­ ming. By requiring new television sets to be and Self-Help for the Hard of Hearing, the cut State Legislature voted just this past year equipped with built-in decoder circuitry, this Conference of Educational Administrators to bond $4.25 million dollars to purchase the legislation represents the next step toward Serving the Deaf, and the Conference of 60 acres of the original Weir Farm. In addition, equal access to television for deaf and hard American Instructors of the Deaf. last week a coalition of 20 national conserva­ of hearing Americans and establishing a self­ Congressman OWEN'S statement notes the tion groups issued a report calling on Con­ sustaining captioning service. many other organizations representing educa- gress to fund land acquisition at Weir Farm. 3256 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 1, 1990 For an amount not to exceed $1 million, the Bill Nelson was born in Galveston, TX. He al education-FAA member the opportunity to Park Service can acquire what is left-the 2- earned bachelor's and master's degrees from participate and receive recognition. acre core parcel of land which includes the Southern Methodist University in Dallas. He During the past year there were 11,917 FFA houses, barns, studios, with original furnish­ taught literature and humanities courses at members in 147 chapters in my home State of ings intact-a seemingly small price to pay for W.T. White High School for 1O years before Kentucky. Over 1,000 FFA members and an investment that will so greatly enrich the opening the Crossroads Market antique store. teachers attended one week of FFA leader­ State of Connecticut, and add to the cumula­ Bill Nelson leaves a legacy of compassion, ship development at the Kentucky FF A Lead­ tive value of these United States. dedication, and strength that transcends ership Training Center in Hardinsburg, KY last As the first national park paying tribute to human boundaries. He and his valuable work year. an American Painter, Weir Farm would en­ will be missed. The FF A Chapters, and individual members, hance public awareness and appreciation of in the Second Congressional District of Ken­ history; the arts and the environment. tucky, which I have the privilege of represent­ RECOGNITION OF WALTER L. "MICKEY" CORBAN'S INDUC­ ing in the Congress, received many awards at TRIBUTE TO AN UNSELFISH TION INTO "WHO'S WHO IN the State and national levels in 1989. COMMUNITY LEADER: BILL MISSISSIPPI'' Timmy Herndon (Spencer County)-Agricul­ NELSON tural Sales and/ or Service; Greg Willoughby (Allen County)-Dairy Production; Daniel HON. MIKE PARKER Fisher (Allen County)-Diversified Crop Pro­ HON. JOHN BRYANT OF MISSISSIPPI duction; Timmy Lee (LaRue County)-Floricul­ OF TEXAS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ture; Tim Powell (Breckinridge County)­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, March 1, 1990 Forest Management; Scott Elliott (Daviess Thursday, March 1, 1990 County)-Oil Crop Production; Mason Craw­ Mr. PARKER. Mr. Speaker, today I stand in ford (LaRue County)-Poultry Production; Mr. BRYANT. Mr. Speaker, I take this op­ the Halls of Congress, in the people's Cham­ portunity to acknowledge and honor the un­ David Pace (Warren Central)-Extemporane­ ber, to speak in honor of a great citizen of my ous Speaking; Jon Ragan (Warren Central)­ selfish dedication and caring contributions of a district, Walter L. "Mickey" Corban. man who devoted the last few years to caring Public Speaking; Jim O'Donoghue (Breckin­ Mickey Corban has been selected for induc­ ridge County)-lmpromptu Speaking-Beef; for AIDS patients, before the disease claimed tion into the recognition publication, Who's Mark Ballman (Breckinridge County)-lm­ his own life. Who in Mississippi. Only those Mississippians promptu Speaking-Swine; and David Booher Bill Nelson, 40, was one of Dallas' most that are noteworthy of success in their fields (Franklin-Simpson)-lmpromptu Speaking­ prominent and active leaders in the fight for of endeavor are chosen to appear in the publi­ Horse, were recognized at the State level. human rights for all people. His compassion cation annually. Greg Willoughby also was recognized in the for people in humble circumstances, for Mickey Corban and his family are former Computers in Agriculture category and repre­ people discriminated against regardless of the Franklin County residents. He and wife Pau­ sented Kentucky at the National Convention. reason, for people felled by disease or ig­ line now reside in Pearl, MS. Eric Lawson (Franklin-Simpson), Eric nored by insensitive bureaucrats, guided his "The professional achievements and serv­ Sweazy (Spencer County), Tommy Bartley public life. ice in the fields of education and business (Barren County), Cindy Leachey (Washington He stood up for homeowners against the have distinguished Mickey Corban as a pre­ County), and Debbie Winchell (Breckinridge encroachment of commercial . development dominant figure in Mississippi. The entire advi­ and devastating traffic patterns. He stood up sory board of Who's Who in Mississippi joins County) were members of the Reporter Corps for the rights of all minority citizens. He stood the family, friends, and associates of Mr. at the State Meeting. up for the needs of AIDS victims with a Corban in extending our heartfelt congratula­ The following chapters were also recog­ strength that belied his own disease. tions and thanks for his unselfish devotion to nized at the State level: Barren-Treasurer's "Even in his death, he was a role model in making Mississippi a wonderful place to live, Book Award, Secretary's Book Award, and fighting this disease," said William Waybourn, work, and play," stated Chuck Lambert, chair­ Chapter Safety (2d place); Breckinridge­ a successor of Bill Nelson as president of the man of the advisory board. Chapter Meeting Award, and Farm Business Dallas Gay Alliance. "He didn't give up; his Mr. Speaker, I am glad to have Mickey Management; Apollo-Record Keeping; Spen­ body did." Corban as my friend and to commend him on cer-Treasurer's Book, and Farm Business Bill Nelson cofounded Dallas' AIDS Re­ his noteworthy achievements and service in Management; and East Hardin-Farm Busi­ source Center to help those with the disease the fields of education and business in the ness Management. and educate those most at risk. Under his di­ State of tJlississippi. The Spencer County and Barren County rection, the center became perhaps the most Chapters placed first and second in the Chap­ effective AIDS education and service provider ter Safety Program at the State level and re­ in Texas. NATIONAL FFA/HERO WEEK ceived gold and bronze awards at the national After two Dallas residents with AIDS were contest. The Apollo, Daviess County, Barren discovered without food, he also started the HON. WILLIAM H. NATCHER County, Breckinridge County, East Hardin, and AIDS Food Pantry, which now feeds more OF KENTUCKY Spencer County Chapters were recognized as Superior Chapters in the Chapter Safety Pro­ than 400 families each month. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Venturing into the elective political arena, gram at the State level. Bill Nelson ran for the Dallas City Council in Thursday, March 1, 1990 The Spencer County Chapter participated in 1985 and 1987. Although he did not win, he Mr. NATCHER. Mr. Speaker, the members the Building Our American Communities Pro­ captured more than 23,000 votes in his of the Future Farmers of America celebrated gram at the State and national levels. At the second citywide contest, and he succeeded in National FFA Week with the theme "FFA­ national level the chapter received a bronze bringing a challenging new perspective to Leading the Challenge." award and at the State level the chapter re­ local political debate. The Future Farmers of America is a voca- · ceived a gold award. Also receiving awards at At the time, Bill Nelson was director of the tional education organization for high school the State level were the Warren East (silver), Dallas Homeowners League and president of students who are enrolled in vocational agri­ Breckinridge (bronze), Franklin-Simpson the Vickery Place Homeowners Association in culture classes in public high schools or area (bronze), and Warren Central (bronze) Chap­ East Dallas. He was a community activist in vocational education centers. ters. every sense of the term. Each chapter is encouraged to participate in National Chapter Awards were presented to His work earned him a citation by the Texas at least one community service activity during chapters that had proven their excellence in State Senate last year. He was also a recipi­ the school year. The Future Farmers of Amer­ carrying out a program of activities. Chapters ent of the Texas Human Rights Foundation's ica gives recognition to members for achieve­ were dE:signated as gold, silver, or bronze win­ Robert Schwab Award for community service ments at the chapter, district or area, State, ners. The following chapters from the Second and the United Our Way Humanitarian Award. and national levels. This allows each vocation- Congressional District were recognized; March 1, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3257 Apollo, Breckinridge County, and Spencer approach most of us wish to encourage. Sev­ Mr. Speaker, Congress can assist America's County-silver; Barren County, Daviess enty-five percent of these individuals can stay families without this sort of Federal intrusion, County High, and East Hardin-bronze. at home because they have a caregiver, usu­ by voting against H.R. 770 and supporting Marty A. Chandler (Franklin), Timmy Hern­ ally a spouse or son or daughter, who pro­ H.R. 1141, the Family Leave Benefits Assist­ don (Mt. Eden), Scott D. Jernigan (Franklin), vides virtually all of their care. ance Act of 1989. H.R. 114 r is a better alter­ Paul A. Miles (Owensboro), Shannon Morgan We should note that most of the elderly and native. It offers incentives, helping employers (Alvaton), and Kimberly L. Tooley (Utica) were disabled are institutionalized not because of a and private organizations to meet the needs recognized at the National Convention for at­ breakdown in health, but because of the of working men and women and their families. taining degree requirements and outstanding breakdown of supports-illness or death of a performance in the Future Farmers of Amer­ spouse, change in living arrangement, the ab­ ica, and received American Farmer Degree. sence of anyone to take care of them. By pre­ THE TELEVISION DECODER Danny Oliver of Scottsville was a member venting institutionalization, we can reduce CIRCUITRY ACT OF 1990 of the National Band and Beth Henderson of costs to the Medicaid Program or other ex­ Irvington was a member of the National pensive institutional costs. More important, we HON. MAJOR R. OWENS Chorus. can keep people at home where they want to OF NEW YORK The Apollo Chapter was 1 of 33 affiliates be. recognized as Outstanding FFA Alumni Affili­ I hope the Congress can reexamine the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ates at the National Convention. gaps in Medicare coverage and find the re­ Thursday, March 1, 1990 I know of no group of young people who sources and will to add a good respite and other benefits to the program. Mr. OWENS of New York. Mr. Speaker, are accomplishing more in the area of agricul­ today, along with Congressmen GUNDERSON, ture than the members of the Future Farmers BONIOR, BERMAN, LLOYD, SLATTERY, SYNAR, of America. At this time I would like to com­ IN SUPPORT OF H.R. 1141, WYDEN, BILIRAKIS, and CHANDLER, I am intro­ mend all of those associated with the FF A for FAMILY LEAVE BENEFITS ACT ducing the Television Decorder Circuitry Act of their achievements, and I wish them continued OF 1989 1990 which promises to ensure full and equal success in all their future endeavors. access to television for all Americans, includ­ HON. LARRY E. CRAIG ing 24 million Americans who are deaf or hard A MEDICARE RESPITE BENEFIT: OF IDAHO of hearing. This legislation will also help in the KEEPING PEOPLE IN THE HOME IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fight to combat illiteracy which can benefit 23 Thursday, March 1, 1990 to 27 million American adults who are func­ HON. DOUG WALGREN tionally illiterate, 3 million Americans learning Mr. CRAIG. Mr. Speaker, once again Con­ English as a second language, and millions of OF PENNSYLVANIA gress is hearing rumors that H.R. 770, the deaf, learning disabled and hearing children. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Family and Medical Leave Act, is coming to In a letter of support, the Bill Cosby Show Thursday, March 1, 1990 the floor. Proponents of the bill often mislead­ stated that "it becomes clear that very few ingly refer to it as a "parental leave" bill, or Mr. WALGREN. Mr. Speaker, today I am in­ families in the United States will not be "family legislation." In fact, this bill is just an­ touched by this bill in a positive way." troducing a bill to add to the Medicare Pro­ other attempt by big government to interfere gram a respite benefit for in-home care of the Today, we all take television for granted. It with families and private initiatives by imposing has become much more than a medium of en­ chronically ill. I was able to incorporate a simi­ Federal mandates. lar benefit in the Medicare Catastrophic Pro­ tertainment. It provides a crucial link to the Yes, there have been great changes in the world with news and has become the central gram in 1988, but it was eliminated when Con­ family structure, and many employers have re­ gress repealed the Medicare Catastrophic way we share information in our society. How­ sponded on their own accord, without Govern­ ever, the benefits of television are not fully ac­ Program last year. ment prompting. Unfortunately, H.R. 770 will Under my bill, a chronically dependent cessible to all Americans. Millions of deaf and only serve to disrupt this trend and create hard of hearing citizens are still denied full person could receive up to 1 20 hours of some unwanted side effects. care-homemaker/home health, personal access to television. While the technology of Women and men of childbearing years will closed-captioning has opened the door to tel­ care, or nursing care services-during a year. be confronted with subtle discrimination. An evision viewing, the cost of separate decoders Respite care is intended to give relief and as­ employer faced with two equally qualified can­ and the lack of incentive to close caption all sistance to the caregiver, usually a spouse or didates-one likely to take leave and the programs has denied many Americans the full other family member. My bill is intended to other not likely to take it-probably will hire view of what television offers. provide a limited in-home benefit to supple­ the one less likely to take leave because that In a letter to the Commission on the Educa­ ment current Medicare home health benefits person offers more stability and a lower price tion of the Deaf, ABC noted: and to allow the individual to remain in the tag. home and avoid institutionalization in a nurs­ Mr. Speaker, this legislation is counterpro­ . . . [if] decoders were more widely used and viewership to grow, the marketplace ing home. ductive to the interest of employees and em­ The majority of elders being cared for by can be relied upon to increase captioning be­ ployers alike. It is simply a fact of life that cause more viewers would be reached at a family are 80 years of age or older and have many small businesses have limited re­ decreased per capita cost. Increased decoder multiple impairments-people needing a high sources, which restricts the amount available ownership-not just more captioning-is re­ level of care. Caring for a chronically ill or dis­ for benefits. A Federal mandate dictating what quired for a strong, selfsustaining caption­ abled elderly person is more than a full-time type of benefits must be provided only reallo­ ing service. responsibility. Most families want to keep the cates portions of the benefit budget, disre­ The National Captioning Institute [NCI] con­ person at home and provide a loving environ­ garding the employee's choice of benefits. curs that the future of closed captioned televi­ ment. Respite care gives the caregiver limited Some small businesses, unable to absorb the sion service is: relief-under my bill, 10 hours a week. Even cost, would be forced to close their doors. Inextricably tied to the number of house­ the most heroic caregivers become tired and This could have drastic effects on our eco­ holds who access it. In order to eliminate overwhelmed. They are better caregivers nomic growth, and unemployment. Let us not the need for ongoing federal funds and to when they get a little help. forget, Mr. Speaker, that small business has make the captioned service economically Among the Nation's elderly, 3.6 million live fueled the recent U.S. economic expansion. viable and self-sustaining, captioning must in the community and are disabled in some Workers who typically would not use the reach into at lea.st 500,000 homes and ideal­ activities of daily living, such as eating, toilet­ mandated leave in H.R. 770, will also be dis­ ly 1,000,000 by 1990. ing, and moving. Most of these people require criminated against. They will see the scope of The Commission on the Education of the help to remain at home and many cannot be benefits available to them reduced, as busi­ Deaf [COED] cited that the low number of de­ left alone. nesses are forced to adjust their compensa­ coders purchased by consumers resulted in a Eighty percent of the most chronically de­ tion packages to reflect federally mandated lack of commerical incentives for private fund­ pendent elderly live in a community setting, an priorities. ing of captioning services and was one of the 3258 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 1, 1990 main impediments to a self-sustaining caption­ WGBH, Boston, Massachusetts . LEGISLATION TO BENEFIT THE ing service. Since 1979, only 170,000 decod­ EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS TAXPAYER AND LAW EN­ ers have been sold according to the COED National PTA. FORCEMENT COMMUNITY report. National Education Association. Technology offers an alternative solution to American Federation of Teachers. HON. HARLEY 0. STAGGERS, JR. the survival of closed-captioned programming. Laubach Literacy International. Companies are currently working on this tech­ Literacy Volunteers of America-Barbara OF WEST VIRGINIA nology, and have indicated that by the end of Bush, Honorary Chair. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1991, a built-in decoder circuitry chip can be Council for Exceptional Children. Thursday, March 1, 1990 built right into new television sets at a nominal Gallaudet University. cost. This will greatly increase the audience Gallaudet University Alumni Association. Mr. STAGGERS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today that can be served by closed-captioned televi­ Conference of Educational Administrators to introduce legislation that will be of benefit sion. It will reach more than 24 million deaf Serving the Deaf. to the taxpayer and the law enforcement com­ and hard of hearing Americans, including 38 Convention of American Instructors of munity. This legislation will provide full law en­ percent of senior citizens. the Deaf. forcement authority to all criminal investigators Closed-captioned programming has also International Reading Association. in the offices of inspectors general [OIG]. At been shown to have tremendous benefits for National Association of State Directors of the present time a system of confusion exists. teaching literacy skills. Several studies have Special Education. This legislation would confer full law enforce­ indicated that exposure to closed-captioned NATIONAL DISABILITY ORGANIZATIONS AND ment authority including making arrests, issu­ television improves students' word recogni­ OTHER NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ing search warrants, and carrying firearms. tion, reading comprehension, and language re­ Learning Disabilities Association of Amer­ Let me take a few moments to explain the tention skills and is a motivational tool for ica. present state of disconnection within the law learning. The U.S. Department of Education, Alexander Graham Bell Association for enforcement component of the offices of in­ on the basis of a Census Bureau test, stated the Deaf. spectors general. By statute, OIG's are that 13 percent of the adult population are American Association of Retired Persons. charged with the responsibility of conducting unable to read other tests have found 20 per­ American Association of the Deaf-Blind. investigations of programs and operations in cent of them to be "functionally incompetent." American Civil Liberties Union. their agency. Although the statutory law en­ Jonathan Kozol, in his book, "Illiterate Amer­ American Council of the Blind. forcement responsibilities of all OIG's are American Deafness and Rehabilitation As- ica," indicates an even more deplorable situa­ sociation. identical, they do not have uniform authority to tion. He states that 45 percent of the adult American Foundation for the Blind. exercise law enforcement functions. At the population do not read a daily newspaper-1 o American Society for Deaf Children. present time there are more than 1,900 crimi­ percent by choice; the remainder because American Speech-Language-Hearing Asso- nal investigators-GS-1811 's. Less than half they are functionally illiterate. A study by the ciation. of these special agents exercise some limited National Assessment of Educational Progress Association for Education and Rehabilita­ form of enforcement powers through existing estimates that 23 to 27 million American tion of the Blind and Visually Impaired. or delegated authority. adults are functionally illiterate. Another 3 to 4 Association for the Retarded Citizens of Like their traditional law enforcement breth­ million are learning English as a second lan­ the United States. ren in the FBI, DEA, IRS, Customs, and guage according to the "Final Report on the Council of State Administrators of Voca­ Secret Service, these agents conduct investi­ Project of Adult Literacy" by Forest Chisman. tional Rehabilitation. gations through the use of review of records, In order to reach this potential audience Disability Rights Education and Defense use of informants, surveillance, undercover and ensure a strong, self-sustaining captioning Fund. operations, approved electronic monitoring, service, we need to pass this legislation man­ Disabled But Able to Vote. and interviews with witnesses and subjects of Epilepsy Foundation of America. dating built in decoder circuitry. This bill would Mental Health Law Project. investigation who are hostile. Many of the wit­ require that all new televisions with screens National Association of Developmental nesses these investigators come in contact 13 inches or larger, whether manufactured in Disabilities Councils. with are involved in substantial criminal activity the United States or imported for use in the National Association of the Deaf. including numerous types of violent crimes. United States, be equipped with built in de­ National Association of Protection and However, unlike traditional law enforcement coder circuitry designed to display closed-cap­ Advocacy Systems. agents, OIG special agents must frequently tioned television transmissions. The bill would National Center for Law and the Deaf. enter high crime areas to gather information, further require the FCC to promulgate rules National Council on Independent Living. or serve subpoenas without the protection of providing performance and display standards National Council on Rehabilitation Edu- firearms. There are numerous examples for built in decoder circuitry. Such rules shall cation. where this lack of firearms have placed many require that all built in circuitry receive and dis­ National Council of Senior Citizens. of these agents in undue danger and have play closed-captioning by October 1, 1992. National Easter Seal Society. contributed to felons remaining unapprehend­ Mr. Speaker, this bill is designed to support National Fraternal Society of the Deaf. ed. a strong, self-sustaining captioning service National Head Injury Foundation. I will not use this time to detail many of the National Network of Learning Disabled that will reach the millions of Americans who Adults. incidents that have come to my attention re­ will benefit from this technology. I urge my National Rehabilitation Association. garding the need for this legislation. It is suffi­ colleagues to join me in supporting this legis­ National Shorthand Reporters Associa- cient to say that every agency that has crimi­ lation to provide full and equal access to tele­ tion. nal investigators can detail examples of vision for all Americans. Paralyzed Veterans of America. agents being placed at risk or suspects or in­ ORGANIZATIONS ENDORSING THIS LEGISLATION Registry of Interpreters of the Deaf, Inc. vestigations that have been hampered by this TELEVISION INDUSTRY Self Help for Hard of Hearing People, Inc. lack of full law enforcement. Sanyo Fisher Corporation. Spina Bifada Association of America. Special agents of the OIG's currently meet The Corporation for Public Broadcasting. Telecommunications for the Deaf, Inc. the same experience and training require­ The National Association of Public Televi- United Cerebral Palsy Association. ments as agents in other Federal agencies sion Stations. World Institute on Disability. having full law enforcement authority. All OIG The Cosby Show. agents must pass the criminal investigators National Captioning Institute. course at the Federal Law Enforcement Train­ The Captioning Center. Caption America. ing Center [FLETCC] or similar training such KCNC-TV, Denver, Colorado . as courses at the FBI Academy. WRKR, Rochester, New York. Two-thirds of OIG special agents have pre­ KAET, Tempe, Arizona. viously been employed by traditional law en­ WRGB, Schenectady, New York . forcement agencies. Information given to me WJLA, Washington, D.C. . shows that 84 percent hold college degrees, March 1, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3259 in comparison to 77 percent in the other law History Month and the work of Carter Wood­ accessible by the hearing world. Presently, enforcement agencies. Of that 84 percent, 18 son help us to focus on the past, present, and low decoder ownership and a lack of incentive percent had advanced degrees in comparison future of the fight for social justice in our soci­ for captioning services serve to prohibit viable to only 8 percent in other law enforcement ety. We must recognize that the struggle is and independent captioning. This bill, howev­ agencies. still far from being over. Yet this year we er, provides an answer. I am sure that some will tell you that these should be encouraged by the progress we In essence, the TV Decoder Circuitry Act agents can go through a process in the Fed­ have made. Not long ago freedom for Nelson would require that televisions with screens 13 eral courts and be deputized, or call on the Mandela seemed unlikely and an end to apart­ inches or larger be equipped with a decoder assistance of other law enforcement agencies heid appeared impossible. circuit chip which display CC television trans­ to assist them. They already do both. The I am proud to represent an area where we missions. The cost is nominal, estimated to be problem remains that at time and places enjoy an abundance of creativity and innova­ $5 to $1 O dollars per TV and it has received where the assistance is needed it may not be tion within our African-American community. broad industry support. available. Deputation is a complex process With the help of the Glide Memorial Church, I strongly support this legislation and would that may take months. No less than three dif­ St. Paul of the Shipwreck, the Third Baptist urge my colleagues to consider its enormous ferent units within the Department of Justice Church, the Washington Senators, and the potential and join with me to support the Tele­ must approve these requests for deputation. Omega Boys Club, we will find solutions to the vision Decoder Circuitry Act. Mr. Speaker, there is no additional cost to crises in education and drugs. I am encour­ the taxpayers to provide full law enforcement aged by the work of these groups within our powers to these agents. These agents are al­ community and I commend them for their cre­ RECOGNITION OF NAIA DIVI­ ready trained to use firearms. In fact, it has ativity and achievements. SION II NATIONAL CHAMPIONS been estimated that if this legislation would I look forward to continuing my involvement WESTMINSTER COLLEGE free up 100 FBI agents and/or deputy mar­ as an associate member of the Black Caucus shals from having to assist OIG criminal inves­ to ensure job opportunities, affordable hous­ HON. THOMAS J. RIDGE tigators over the course of a year, it is be­ ing, health care, and drug treatment and reha­ OF PENNSYLVANIA lieved that a savings of more than $4 million bilitation services for all Americans. Again I IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES could be achieved. would like to thank the gentleman from Ohio Thursday, March 1, 1990 This legislation has the full support of the for calling this important special order. Thank Association of Federal Investigators. I urge my you. Mr. RIDGE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today, as I colleagues to support this legislation. did last March, to speak of a group of young men that deserve special recognition. In ath­ THE TELEVISION DECODER letic competition, it is extremely difficult for in­ BLACK HISTORY MONTH CIRCUITRY ACT dividuals or teams to repeat as champions in consecutive years. As good as Notre Dame SPEECH OF HON. STEVE GUNDERSON played in 1989, they could not duplicate their HON. NANCY PELOSI OF WISCONSIN 1988 national championship. The student ath­ OF CALIFORNIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES letes at Westminster College, a prestigious lib­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES eral arts school of 1,300 students, in New Wil­ Thursday, March 1, 1990 mington, PA, were asked to repeat as Division Tuesday, February 27, 1990 Mr. GUNDERSON. Mr. Speaker, throughout 11 champions and deserve special recognition Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Speaker, I thank my distin­ my years in Congress I have often remarked for their incredible effort and untiring excel­ guished colleague from Ohio, Mr. STOKES, for that one of my most rewarding experiences lence. calling this special order on Black History has been to serve on the Gallaudet University Led by their coach, Joe Fusco, the West­ Month. It is especially fitting that this year's Board of Trustees and encounter a silent cul­ minster Titans obtained their second consecu­ theme is "The Father of Black History, Carter ture of profound dimensions. This interaction, tive and a record fifth overall NAIA-National G. Woodson: A Living Legacy" as we wit­ coupled with frequent interaction with deaf Association of Intercollegiate Athletics-Divi­ nessed in 1989 the removal of long estab­ members of my staff, has opened my ears to sion II football championship. The team also lished racial barriers with the elections of their needs and inspired my action. I can hon­ extended their Nation-high winning streak to David Dinkins, Norman Rice, and L. Douglas estly say, Mr. Speaker, spending time with my 27 games, while posting the first ever back-to­ Wilder; and 1990 has already proven to be a deaf and hearing-impaired friends is like going back, unbeaten, untied seasons in Westmin­ watershed in black history throughout the home. It is a challenging pursuit and I cherish ster history. The team won the championship world with the release of Nelson Mandela. I it. game in competition with an outstanding team am proud to take part in this special order to For these reasons and because of these from the University of Wisconsin-Lacrosse by celebrate the significant contributions of Afri­ experiences, I am happy to join several of my a score of 51 to 30. The Titans exemplified can-Americans to our society. colleagues in sponsoring the Television De­ their championship spirit, when they fought to The work of Carter Woodson has enabled coder Circuitry Act of 1990. This bill, like many · victory after being down by two touchdowns. all of us as a nation to study the history of Af­ others this body has considered in recent One hero, among the game's many stars, rican-Americans. His work has opened new years, holds great potential benefit for millions and most valuable offensive player, was quar­ frontiers for scholars. Mr. Woodson's publica­ of Americans. It will provide the 24 million terback Joe Micchia. Even though Micchia tions have been used as the standard text in deaf and hearing-impaired Americans univer­ was playing with stretched ligaments on his the study of black history in this country. His sal access to television broadcast program­ throwing hand, he still completed 18-of-33 life was dedicated to chronicling the achieve­ ming and it will provide our literacy organiza­ passes for 219 yards and 4 touchdowns. An­ ments of the African-American community tions and volunteers with yet another source other hero and most valuable defense player with the belief that if a race has no recorded to which they can turn to help empower the was corner Lou Berry, whose interception of a history then its achievements will be forgotten. 23 million functionally illiterate Americans. 2-point conversion and subsequent 100-yard As an accomplished historian, Carter Wood­ Rarely, does a day go by, Mr. Speaker, return with 5 minutes left in the game gave son recognized the need to celebrate the when you or I or any other Member of this Westminster a comfortable lead and confi­ achievements and contributions of blacks House does not watch TV. In fact, I would be dence that victory was theirs. worldwide. Most of the resources on black hard pressed to imagine our world without it: Many players on this championship team history available today can be traced back to Financial shows, news broadcasts, talk shows, also received individual honors. Joe Micchia Carter Woodson. His work serves as an inspi­ sitcoms, sporting events, the list of television was named Kodak College Division II All­ ration to all of us. broadcast programming is endless. We watch America, second-team NAIA Division II All­ I believe that Mr. Woodson's work serves a because we hear. And while I applaud those America, and third-team quarterback on the significant function in our society. It is critically in the industry who have made a conscien­ Associated Press Little All-America Tearn. important to educate our children to the 300 tious attempt at closed captioning [CC] pro­ Brad Tokar was named second-team NAIA Di­ years of struggle of African-Americans. Black grams, many hours of television are still only vision II All-America, while Kevin Blazer, Andre 3260 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 1, 1990 Borowicz, Jeff Catanzarite, Pat Shannon, and than before. Today I would like to say a few sources of energy and reduce U.S. consump­ Dan Shorts received honorable mention to the words about H.R. 3714, legislation to make tion of oil. Finally, becau-;e it reduces the use NAIA Division II All-Americans. Not only were the wheel obsolete. of gasoline and aviation fuel, Maglev can con­ the players honored, but head coach Joe This legislation is the companion bill to S. tribute to efforts to clean the air. Fusco was voted the area coach of the year. 221, introduced in the first session of this All of these benefits make construction of Jeff Catanzarite, Pat Shannon, Rob Kokor, Congress by Senator MOYNIHAN. It would au­ Maglev systems attractive. Because the Frank Mantinaos, Craig Schweiger, and Brad thorize the use of rights-of-way along Federal­ United States has already fallen 15 years Tokar were all named Academic All-Ameri­ aid highways for the construction of transpor­ behind in the development of Maglev systems, cans. This particular honor attests to the fact tation systems that will be part of the Federal­ the first generation of systems both in the aid highway system. The main provision of that the Westminster Titans are not only United States and abroad are likely to be con­ strong competitors on the football field, but this legislation would amend chapter 1 of title structed by foreign-owned firms. However, the also in the classroom. The team began prac­ 23 of the United States Code by adding at the United States has the ability and the re­ tice 2 weeks before the start of the semester end of that chapter a new section. This sec­ and were taking finals the same week as the tion would direct the Secretary of Transporta­ sources to retake the lead in this technology. championship game. Even with the tremen­ tion to prescribe regulations under which Once we have done this, Maglev systems can dous athletic demands placed on all members States will be allowed to use rights-of-way also play a role in reducing our foreign trade of this championship team, the 91-member along Federal-aid highways for the construc­ deficit. squad was able to finish the semester with a tion of magnetic levitation systems. Maglev is not a "sci-fi" technology beyond 2.8 grade average, which was the highest in Magnetic Levitation [Maglev] trains are our reach. Maglev works using either electro­ Westminster's history. transportation systems which travel on a mag­ magnets or superconducting magnets current­ I would like to join the family of the players netic cushion generated between magnets lo­ ly available. In fact, West Germany and Japan and the many loyal fans of the Westminster cated in the vehicles and metal guideways. have each had operating prototypes for a Titans to congratulate them on this spectacu­ Speed and direction of Maglev systems are number of years and are now beginning to lar season and historic accomplishment, both controlled by the spacing of the magnets and construct commercial Maglev systems. on and off the field. the power of the electric current. The trains H.R. 3714 has been introduced to hasten have no physical contact with the guideway. the creation of a viable domestic Maglev in­ This allows the attainment of greater speeds HOME OF THE INFANTRY dustry. I hope that my colleagues will join me with a much smaller expenditure of energy in supporting this legislation and the develop­ and virtually eliminates roadbed maintenance. ment of a U.S. industry. HON. BILL RICHARDSON Maglev was invented at Brookhaven Nation­ OF NEW MEXICO al Laboratory, in my district, over 20 years IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ago. Research on this technology was con­ NATIONAL QUARTER HORSE Thursday, March 1, 1990 ducted in the United States until 1975. While WEEK research has since come to a halt in the Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, I recently United States, Japan and West Germany have had the opportunity to visit Fort Benning, moved full speed ahead in developing this HON. DON RITTER GA-the "Home of the Infantry." It is an out­ technology. Each of these countries has spent OF PENNSYLVANIA standing training facility operated by the U.S. over a billion dollars developing working Army. Maglev systems. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES With the infantry school as its primary activi­ Florida, Ohio, Nevada, Pennsylvania, and Thursday, March 1, 1990 ty, Fort Benning is regarded by many as the California are all currently considering the con­ Mr. RITTER. Mr. Speaker, yesterday morn­ world's most influential military center, having struction of Maglev systems. Unfortunately, ing, President Bush signed Senate Joint Reso­ produced some of our country's most promi­ the companies most likely to be awarded con­ nent leaders and innovative combat doctrine. tracts for these projects are from West Ger­ lution 186 into law. This resolution designates During my stay at Fort Benning I was im­ many or Japan, because the United States the week of March 1 through March 7. 1990 pressed with not only the physical facilities at has not to date produced the economic envi­ as National Quarter Horse Week. the military post and the school, but was most ronment necessary for the development of a There are 2.8 million registered quarter overwhelmed by the outstanding men and domestic Maglev industry. horses in every State of the Union and in 62 women who serve and work at Fort Benning. This legislation will help to produce a do­ countries in the world. President Bush, upon Fort Benning has a proud heritage encom­ mestic Maglev industry without spending any signing the resolution said that "This horse is passing some 72 years. Its mission is the Federal money. Land acquisition costs are, by uniquely ours, having been developed in colo­ same today as it was back in 1918: "to a factor of 10, the most expensive component nial America and bred for speed. No other produce the world's finest combat infantry­ of the construction of this system of transpor­ horse is a greater part of Western folklore, men." As evidenced during my visit, Fort Ben­ tation. By using the rights-of-way along the and none has contributed more to our nation's ning is not only living up to its mission, but the Federal highway system, we can eliminate or development and cultural heritage." facility stands ready for the challenges of the greatly reduce the land acquisition costs and The American Quarter Horse Association, 20th century and beyond. make the construction of Maglev systems founded on March 15, 1940, is celebrating its I ask my colleagues to join me in honoring economically possible. Fort Benning as the men and women there 50th anniversary this year. The American Maglev is a technology that makes sense Quarter Horse Association has grown to more form a strong team, dedicated, able and will­ for the conditions we will face as we enter the ing to go the extra distance. than 200,000 members; its registry which 21st century. Maglev can travel at speeds up began with 556 horses is now the largest to 300 miles per hour. With this speed, equine registry in the world. INTRODUCTION OF MAGLEV Maglev is a competitive alternate to short-dis­ Mr. Speaker, I am proud to say that my tance airline flights. It can reduce the prob­ RIGHTS-OF-WAY BILL friend and constituent, Mr. C. Thomas Fuller, lems of airport overcrowding, airport noise, air of Catasauqua, PA, is an honorary vice presi­ pollution, and the consumption of aviation HON. GEORGEJ.HOCHBRUECKNER dent of the American Quarter Horse Associa­ fuel. As Maglev would parallel our highway OF NEW YORK tion. It gives me great personal pleasure not IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES system, it can reduce gasoline consumption and reduce the burden and deterioration of only to recognize the quarter horse for its Thursday, March 1, 1990 our roads and bridges. Because there is no unique place in our Nation's history but to rec­ Mr. HOCHBRUECKNER. Mr. Speaker, few friction involved, Maglev is quieter and easier ognize Tom Fuller and the American Quarter inventions in the world surpass the importance to maintain than other forms of transportation. Horse Association on its 50th anniversary. of the wheel in contributing to the progress of Because Maglev uses electricity generated humanity. The wheel allowed the world's first from central power stations and does not burn travelers to move quicker, easier, and further fuel, it can make use of the cleanest available ,_,___._,,,.. T. ,.,..-": ~.-.- ,..,.,-.,, ""•'"-- ~ - J. -ir;-• -

March 1, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3261 ST. PATRICK'S DAY 1990 Mr. Speaker, let us take advantage of this age of malting barley in 1988 the price of that St. Patrick's Day to reflect on the marvelous particular type of grain skyrocketed, with the HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN events now taking place throughout the world, result that the traditional method of computing OF NEW YORK and to resolve to work toward a just and long­ the year-end payment was seriously skewed IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lasting peace for the too long embattled island to the disadvantage of feed barley producers. of Ireland so that they too may enjoy the fruits The final result showed that, because of the Thursday, March 1, 1990 of liberty, justice and freedom: disproportionately high prices received by Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to THE MACBRIDE PRINCIPLES malting barley growers, all producers would be rise again this year to call the attention of our 1. Increasing the representation of individ­ required to refund to the Commodity Credit colleagues to the fact that St. Patrick's Day is uals from under-represented religious Corporation their entire advance deficiency again upon us. This feast is not only the na­ groups in the workforce including manageri­ payment of 30.4 cents per bushel. This was tional holiday of the Republic of Ireland; it is al, supervisory, administrative, clerical and grossly unfair to the feed barley folks who did also a special day for the Irish, and the Irish at technical jobs. not benefit from similar increases in the heart throughout the world. 2. Adequate security for the protection of market price for their product. minority employees both at the workplace Fifteen hundred years have gone by since Our legislation today simply directs the Sec­ St. Patrick drove the snakes from the Emerald and while travelling to and from work. 3. The banning of provocative sectarian or retary of Agriculture to recompute the refund Isle and converted that land to Christianity. It political emblems from the workplace. owned by producers of feed barley for 1988 is altogether fitting and proper that St. Patrick 4. All job openings should be publicly ad­ and 1989 using the average market prices re­ be remembered on this day, for he has served vertised; and special recruitment efforts ceived for feed barley sales only. This re­ as a constant inspiration to the Irish for the should be made to attract applicants from moves the distortion created by the extremely past 15 centuries. underrepresented religious groups. high malting barley sales, and allows a reduc­ With the light of democracy and freedom 5. Layoff, recall, and termination proce­ tion in the amount of refund owed by feed now shining forth from the darkest points, it is dures should not in practice favor particular religious groupings. barley growers down from 30.4 cents per inspiration, faith, and perseverance that is bushel to about 6.4 cents per bushel. These needed in Northern Ireland. Tragically, the 6. The abolition of job reservations, ap­ prenticeship restrictions, and differential growers are still required to refund a portion of fundamental problems in Northern Ireland employment criteria, which discriminate on the advance payments they received, but the remain the same, despite the overwhelming the basis of religion or ethnic origin. amount is in keeping with the intent of the worldwide changes. 7. The development of training programs original formula Congress established in the Unemployment in Northern Ireland remains that will prepare substantial numbers of mi­ 1985 farm bill legislation. the highest in all of Western Europe. And, nority employees for skilled jobs, including I hope many of our colleagues will see fit to while changes have been made in the Fair the expansion of existing programs and the creation of new programs to train, upgrade, help us correct this serious situation, and that Employment Act, we must make certain that we can expedite enactment of the bill we the deep-rooted economic discrimination is and improve the skills of all categories of minority employees. have introduced today. ended. 8. The establishment of procedures to For this reason, I continue to heartily sup­ assess, identify, and actively recruit minori­ port the MacBride principles for American ty employees. with potential for further ad­ TRIBUTE TO MARDI firms doing business in Northern Ireland. vancement. WORMHOUDT These principles of fair employment and anti­ 9. The appointment of a senior manage­ discrimination serve as a model for a future ment staff member to oversee the Compa­ HON. LEON E. PANETTA ny's affirmative action efforts and the set­ generation of employment opportunities. OF CALIFORNiA Further, since American companies provide ting up of timetables to carry out affirma­ tive action principles. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for over 1O percent of employment in North­ ern Ireland, we have the opportunity and Thursday, March 1, 1990 moral obligation to fight against the discrimi­ LEGISLATION FOR DISADVAN­ Mr. PANETTA. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to nation in Northern Ireland. TAGED FEED BARLEY GROW­ pay tribute to an outstanding leader and tire­ Mr. Speaker, I request that the full text of ERS less public servant of the people of Califor­ the MacBride principles be inserted at this nia's 16th Congressional District, mayor of point in the RECORD, and I invite my col­ HON.RONMARLENEE Santa Cruz Mardi Wormhoudt. I am pleased to leagues to join in support of H.R. 725, legisla­ OF MONTANA have this opportunity to express my sincere tion espousing the MacBride principles. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES appreciation to Mardi for her tireless work for On a positive note, I am encouraged by the the people of Santa Cruz, and especially for recent interest in reviewing the Birmingham Thursday, March 1, 1990 her efforts in the wake of the Loma Prieta Six and Maguire Seven cases as indicated in Mr. MARLENEE. Mr. Speaker, today we are earthquake. the human rights report of the U.S. Depart­ introducing legislation which will correct a Mardi Wormhoudt has served the Santa ment of State. Further, the U.N. Human Rights small, yet serious problem which often hap­ Cruz community for over a decade. She has Commission in Geneva will soon hear a full pens when well-intentioned government pro­ been a member of the Santa Cruz City Coun­ outline of the Birmingham Six case. grams encounter unforeseen circumstances. I cil since 1981 and is an active member of the With the recent revelations in the Guilford am happy to have Mr. Boe SMITH of Oregon, County Transportation Commission, the City Four case, and the doubt surrounding the fo­ and Mr. CRAIG join with me in this effort to · Housing Task Force, the University of Califor­ rensic tests which implicated the Birmingham rectify one remaining "glitch" resulting from nia at Santa Cruz Long-Range Planning Com­ Six, it has become increasingly apparent that the adverse weather conditions in 1988 and mittee, and the Performing Arts Facility Task an investigation into the Birmingham Six case 1989 which so drastically and severely impact­ Force. These are but a few examples of the is proper and would result in freedom for the ed agricultural producers throughout the coun­ resolve Mardi has demonstrated for the bet­ six. try. terment of the Santa Cruz community. Regretfully, Joe Doherty must continue his .In this particular instance, one of the exist­ I have rarely encountered a public servant struggle for freedom. On several occasions ing farm programs which seemed to work so selflessly devoted to the community which since his imprisonment in 1983, judgment has pretty well during ordinary times went haywire she serves. Through her efforts with the Fed­ been rendered in favor of Joe Doherty in court during that 2-year period of drought-induced eral Emergency Management Agency and the hearings in the United States, yet he still re­ short supply. The farm program for farmers Santa Cruz community, the devastating effects mains at the metropolitan correction center in who produce barley contains a feature which of the earthquake were quelled and remedial New York. His case is expected to go before uses both the average price of feed barley action was swiftly undertaken. Mardi was the highest court in the land, our Supreme and the average price of malting barley in a there to consult with President Bush and Vice Court. It is hoped that the facts will triumph formula to determine the year-end price sup­ President Ou AYLE as they examined the de­ and after 7 years of imprisonment, Joe Do­ port payment. Unfortunately for producers of struction resulting from the disaster and herty will finally be free. feed barley, when the drought created a short- brought national attention to the area. She is

39-059 0-91-7 (Pt. 3) 3262 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 1, 1990 continuing her leadership role by heading the must be considered depleting a nonrenewable bly workers at Rockwell and Messerschmitt­ planning group for the rebuilding of Santa resource for current generations of Ameri­ Bolkow-Blohm on a job well done. The tech­ Cruz following the tragedy of October 17. cans. nology you are pioneering here will have a sig­ 1989. Mardi has been truly instrumental in the Mr. Speaker, I am introducing legislation nificant influence on aviation for years to recovery of the community. which would impose a Federal severance tax come. I am sure my colleagues are pleased to join on the cutting of old-growth redwood. The m·e. and the people of Santa Cruz, in recogni­ severance tax would be 35 percent of the tion of Mardi's public service and expression value of the tree that is cut. This severance TRIBUTE TO BLACK HISTORY of gratitude for her continued efforts. It is with tax should change the economics of cutting MONTH great respect and pride that I salute the these old giants and encourage the substitu­ achievements of Mardi Wormhoudt. tion of quicker growing, more traditional SPEECH OF lumber sources. HON. JULIAN C. DIXON THE U.S.S. "SIMPSON" Those who benefit from the mining of old growth redwoods should pay the societal OF CALIFORNIA HON. RONALD K. MACHTLEY costs for removing nonrenewable resources. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES A severence tax is a common way that the Tuesday, February 27, 1990 OF RHODE ISLAND public benefits from the use of a nonrenewa­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ble resource. Redwoods should not be treated Mr. DIXON. Mr. Speaker, well over a half­ Thursday, March 1, 1990 differently. century ago, historian Carter G. Woodson pos­ I do not believe that many of the old-growth ited that a people whose history and achieve­ Mr. MACHTLEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today ments go unrecorded "becomes a negligible to pay tribute to the brave sailors of the U.S.S. redwoods that are being cut today should be cut. It is a true desecration of a symbol that is factor in the thought of the world and stands Simpson, a guided missile frigate homeported the danger of being exterminated." Motivated in Newport, RI, in my congressional district. uniquely both Californian and American. The cutting down of old-growth redwood forests is by his own foreboding, Carter G. Woodson set Last week, the Simpson rescued crewmen out to document the experience of black from the Surf City, a Persian Gulf petroleum a national issue. But if they are going to be cut down, society should benefit. women and men in Africa and the "New tanker which had suffered an explosion and World," and to record the tremendous contri­ was burning out of control. butions of African-Americans to the Nation in As part of her Persian Gulf duty, the Simp­ IN COMMEMORATION OF THE which they toiled for three centuries as slaves. son had been monitoring the progress of the ROLL-OUT OF THE X-31 Woodson's scholarship brought new integri­ Surf City, a tanker carrying 25 million gallons ty to the study of black history and culture and of naptha and gasoline. The Simpson's re­ HON. DENNY SMITH earned him the title, "Father of Black History." sponse immediately after the explosion was Woodson believed that "the achievements of swift, and, according to the U.S. Navy, actually OF OREGON IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Negro properly set forth will crown him as saved lives. Commander James McTigue and a factor in early human progress and a maker his entire crew deserve our highest recogni­ Thursday, March 1, 1990 of modern· civilization." Africans, he wrote, tion for their bravery during a situation involv­ Mr. DENNY SMITH. Mr. Speaker, the roll­ "produced in ancient times a civilization ing extreme danger. out of a new airplane always makes us think [which] influenced the [Mediterranean] I have visited and toured the U.S.S. Simp­ about the possibilities for the future, and the cultures * * * and taught the modern world son, and am extremely proud that she was latest entry in our long line of distinguished X­ trial by jury, music by stringed instruments, the able to serve her country in this manner. series aircraft, the X-31, is no exception. No domestication of sheep, goat, and cow and This latest incident reminds us just how di­ aviation program in history has had more suc­ the use of iron by which science and invention verse the missions of today's U.S. Navy are. cess leading us into the future than the X­ have remade the universe. Must we let this Because we assign the Navy so many tasks, series program. Today, the X-31 continues generation continue ignorant of these elo­ we must ensure that they are given proper re­ that proud tradition. quent facts?" Sadly, generations do, still, con­ sources to carry them out. As such, I urge my We build experimental aircraft like this to tinue ignorant of these eloquent facts, despite colleagues to recognize the diversity of the push the limits of aircraft technology, so that the efforts of Dr. Woodson and his proteges. modern U.S. Navy as we consider this year's our pilots and our industry will have the best. Subsequent research has revealed volumes Defense budget. Our X-series program has a long and illustri­ more about the centrality of black Africa in the ous history of breaking new ground in aviation spawning of modern civilization and about the OLD GROWTH REDWOODS- development, and the X-31 promises to be no central role of African-Americans in building, LET'S STOP THE MINING OF less revolutionary. literally and figuratively, this great Nation. Yet, THEM From my own days as a fighter pilot, I can mournful are the voices which attest, in swell­ say that getting in close and shooting has ing choruses, to a dearth of positive black role HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK been and will remain the staple of aerial models for today's African-American youth. I OF CALIFORNIA combat. The X-31 will teach us vital lessons believe that there is, in fact, a wealth of posi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES about · maneuverability we can apply to the tive African-American role models whose ex­ design or modification of future aircraft. Test­ amples beg exposure and emulation. Thursday, March 1, 1990 ing our ideas in the air is the only way to I rise today to recognize a number of Afri­ Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, many people ensure our future aircraft can out-turn and out­ can-Americans from the Los Angeles area would be surprised to know that ancient red­ shoot anything thrown their way, just as our who have made noteworthy contributions to wood trees are being chain sawed every current aircraft do. the advancement of their respective profes­ working day. Even more disturbing is the fact An additional benefit of the X-31 research sions and from whose pioneering work the Af­ that these trees are being cut as fast as pos­ program has been the unprecedented partici­ rican-American community derives significant sible on a junk-bond repayment schedule. pation of our German allies. By sharing fund­ benefit. A common definition of old growth is 150 ing and expertise, we have been able to push Leroy Weekes, M.D., is a prominent Los An­ years. However, many of these trees have back the frontiers of aircraft performance at a geles obstetrician with an established record been around for an astounding 1,000 or more modest cost to both countries. We have also of community service and leadership in the years. fostered international cooperation at a time medical profession which spans over 40 The cutting of old-growth redwood is, in es­ when it is clear that foreign markets and op­ years. He continues to practice in my district sence, tree mining. Old growth redwoods are portunities are becoming increasingly impor­ at the · Julian Ross Medical Center, which Dr. not a renewable resource in a 100-year time­ tant. Weekes named for his mentor at Howard Uni­ span. Anything that can take a millennium to Let me take the occasion of this momen­ versity Medical School where he trained. regenerate should hardly be considered re­ tous roll-out to personally congratulate the Throughout his career, Dr. Weekes has been newable. The cutting of old-growth redwood managers, engineers, technicians, and assem- active in community affairs. Dr. Weekes initiat- March 1, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3263 ed efforts to establish a Martin Luther King, Jr. Angeles city's top high school basketball TRIBUTE TO GEORGE FURGALA Medical Center to serve residents of the honors, garnering an incredible 11 city cham­ ON HIS 105TH BIRTHDAY South-Central Los Angeles area. pionships and 4 State championships. The L. Julian Haywood, M.D., is professor of Cougars have amassed a total of 433 victo­ HON. WILLIAM 0. LIPINSKI medicine and director of the Coronary Care ries against 48 losses overall for an amazing OF ILLINOIS Unit at LAC/USC Medical Center. He is vice winning percentage of 90 percent against all IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES president, cofounder and former president of opponents-giving West one of the highest the Sickle Cell Disease Research Foundation winning percentages among high school bas­ Thursday, March 1, 1990 and former president of the American Heart ketball coaches in the Nation. Association's Los Angeles affiliate. Dr. Hay­ Mr. LIPINSKI. Mr. Speaker, it gives me a Astronaut Ron McNair was one of four Afri­ wood has published scores of articles in nu­ great deal of pleasure to pay tribute to an ex­ merous scientific journals and serves on sev­ can-Americans participating in the American emplary member of my Fifth Congressional eral medical review boards. He has conducted space program at the time of his death. District in Illinois, Mr. George Furgala. On pioneering research in the areas of hyperten­ McNair was a trained physicist and a mission March 12, 1990, Mr. Furgala will turn 105 sion, sickle cell disease, and computer appli­ specialist on the ill-fated 1986 space shuttle years old, an accomplishment worthy of spe­ cations in cardiology, and has been committed Challenger mission. A graduate of North Caro­ cial recognition. to addressing the medical and health care lina State A& T University, McNair received his A longtime resident of this great country, needs of the African-American and disadvan­ Ph.D. in philosophy and physics from MIT. Mr. Furgala came to this great Nation in the taged communities. McNair was an enthusiastic individual whose early wave of immigrants in the 1900's. Arriv­ My esteemed colleague and friend, U.S. love of science and discovery was an inspira­ ing from what is now Poland, he later became Congressman AUGUSTUS "Gus" HAWKINS, tion to the African-American youth whose in­ an American citizen. Mr. Furgala spent 70 whose district includes Watts, South Central terest he encouraged in the sciences. years of study and preaching the Good Word, the Bible. On top of the usual difficulties, he Los Angeles and Huntington Park, will retire Dr. Mae Jemison is the first black woman raised a family of four lovely children while this year from over a half century in elected accepted to participate in NASA's Astronaut working to overcome the difficulties of a lan­ office. Representative HAWKINS served for 28 Corps Training Program. A graduate of Stan­ years in the California Assembly before being guage barrier. ford University and Cornell University School George Furgala's commitment to his com­ elected the first African American Representa­ of Medicine, Jemison worked as a Peace tive from a Western State in 1962. In 28 years munity and family is impressive and deserving Corp medical officer in Sierra Leone and Libe­ in Congress, Gus HAWKINS has compiled a of special recognition and honor. I am sure ria before applying to NASA in 1986. Dr. Je­ distinguished record at the national level as a that my colleagues will join me in expressing staunch advocate of the poor, minorities, and mison now awaits her opportunity to become congratulations to George Furgala for his the disadvantaged, and he is responsible for America's first black woman in space, as a many years of selfless dedication, loyalty, pro­ important legislation in the areas of civil rights, mission specialist on an upcoming space shut­ fessionalism, and priceless contributions to his employment, and education. He is responsible tle mission. community. I wish him well on his 105th birth­ for the creation of the Equal Employment Op­ Beyond Los Angeles, African-Americans day and hope his life continues to be an ad­ portunity Commission [EEOC] under title VII of can take pride in the steady rise in the venture full of pleasant memories. the 1964 Civil Rights Act and is currently number of black officials elected and appoint­ chairman of the House Committee on Educa­ ed to high office. Speaker of the California As­ tion and Labor. sembly Hon. Willie Brown, majority whip of the AFFORDABLE MODULAR Rev. James Lawson has contributed to the U.S. House of Representatives, Hon. BILL HOUSING human community as a spiritual leader, civil GRAY, Virginia Governor Douglas Wilder, New rights activist, and peacemaker. As president York City Mayor David Dinkins, Commander in HON. BEN ERDREICH of the United Methodist Youth Fellowship, Chie'f of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General Colin OF ALABAMA Reverend Lawson spent over a year in Feder­ Powell, and Secretary of Health Dr. Louis Sul­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES al prison as a conscientious objector. As a livan have all attained positions of leadership Thursday, March 1, 1990 close associate of Rev. Martin Luther King, never before occupied by blacks. Jr., Lawson trained freedom riders and Clearly, the recent ascension of African­ Mr. ERDREICH. Mr. Speaker, today I am in­ became one of the preeminient voices for Americans to key posts in government and troducing legislation to increase the availability nonviolent direct action. Today Reverend the professions has not and will not, by itself, of affordable modular housing. Modular hous­ Lawson focuses his energies on the problems ing, which is produced in a factory and then eradicate the range of problems plaguing the of the urban poor in Los Angeles, as president assembled or installed on the building site, is African-American community. Nevertheless, it of the Southern Christian Leadership Confer­ constructed in compliance with State and is important that African-American youth take ence/Greater Los Angeles and vice president local building codes, as is "stick-built" hous­ of the SCLC national board. Additionally, he is note of the despite-the-odds accomplishments ing. pastor of Holman United Methodist Church of the black men and women I have men­ The major problem affecting modular hous­ and president of the Peace with Justice Lead­ tioned. Each one of them has overcome im­ ing is the lack of uniformity in administrative ership Conference, a coalition of 60 denomi­ posing obstacles to reach their respective po­ rules and regulations at the State level, and national and religious groups. sition, and all have given generously to the Af­ the enforcement process affecting housing Herbert L. Carter is executive vice chancel­ rican-American community that is their shipped from State to State. Houses being lor of California State University and the first common base. Thus, it is in the spirit of Carter shipped in this manner are subject to duplica­ black chairman of the board of the United G. Woodson, and with the hope that the black tive regulation, which adds to their cost and Way of Greater Los Angeles. Carter earned youth of today will be inspired to heighten inhibits the use of new technologies and con­ his doctorate in education administration, and their own aspirations, that I recognize these struction materials. is responsible for guiding, coordinating, and in­ contemporary African-American role models My bill is based on a proposal supported by tegrating policy formulation and program plan­ whose lives comprise a significant part of the the National Association of Home Builders, ning for the entire California State University ever-expanding body of eloquent African­ the Council of American Building Officials system. A longtime volunteer, Mr. Carter has American historical facts. [CABO] and other model code organizations. held numerous positions with the United Way It would preempt State and local building and is responsible for the creation of the codes for those modular houses which are to United Way's Black Partnership Development be shipped from one State to another, and Council. would establish a system for inspecting and F:or 20 years, Willie West has taught class­ certifying the safety of those houses. The Na­ es and coached the basketball team at Cren­ tional Evaluation Service [NES], part of CABO, shaw High School. During that time, Crenshaw would administer and enforce the program has maintained a virtual stranglehold on Los under the direction of the Modular Construe- 3264 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 1, 1990 tion Commission established in the act. NES HEAD START AMENDMENTS OF gram administration, the bill calls for renewal already performs this type of evaluation and 1990 of funding for current Head Start grantees to be conditioned on a favorable finding by the certification in some areas. The Modular Con­ Secretary. In order for this provision to be car­ struction Commission, a consensus body of HON.THOMASJ.TAUKE ried out, the President has requested that 30 18 members will develop and oversee the pro­ OF IOWA percent of Head Start programs be monitored gram. The commission, representing Federal, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES on a yearly basis. He hopes that funds will be targeted for this purpose. State and local governments, consumers and Thursday, March 1, 1990 The National Head Start Association has modular home builders, would be appointed Mr. TAUKE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to said that the only thing worse than being eval­ by the President. This means of regulating introduce today the administration's Head uated is not being evaluated. I believe this modular housing shipped in interstate com­ Start Amendments of 1990. The President has change in the law will be a great deal of help demonstrated his support for this valuable to providers in giving direction to them as they merce was suggested in a study mandated by program by calling for an increase of $500 try to satisfy their performance objectives. the 1987 Housing Act and conducted by the million. This would bring the Head Start fiscal I am pleased that the President has sought National Institute of Building Sciences. year 1991 authorization level to specific language in the bill requiring Head $1,886,315,000. This represents the largest Start programs to coordinate with public In my community and many others across funding increase in the history of the Head schools and other social service agencies pro­ the country, modular housing is part of the so­ Start Program. viding services to Head Start children and lution for providing quality, affordable housing I wish to acknowledge and applaud the their families. This coordination requirement for those of low and moderate incomes. By President for his commitment to providing this will serve as a building block to a stronger extra assistance to our Nation's disadvan­ bridge between Head Start and the school removing existing barriers to interstate com­ taged children. system, so that we can have a greater oppor­ merce and retaining responsible regulation, The President's bill calls for some thought­ tunity to ensure that developmental gains ac­ we can in rease the availability of this afford­ ful and needed changes to the Head Start quired by children at Head Start, are main­ able housing for Americans. Act. In the area of service delivery and pro- tained throughout their academic careers.