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Industrial Graphical Terminal Based on Linux

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Industrial Graphical Terminal Based on Linux Czech Technical University in Prague Faculty of Electrical Engineering Department of Control Engineering Master’s Thesis Industrial graphical terminal based on Linux Bc. Jiří Matěják Supervisor: Ing. Michal Sojka, Ph.D. Study Programme: Otevřená informatika Field of Study: Počítačové inženýrství 25th May 2018 ZADÁNÍ DIPLOMOVÉ PRÁCE I. OSOBNÍ A STUDIJNÍ ÚDAJE Příjmení: Matěják JiříJméno: 420215Osobníčíslo: Fakulta/ústav: Fakulta elektrotechnická Zadávající katedra/ústav: Katedrařídicí techniky Studijní program: Otevřená informatika Studijní obor: Počítačové inženýrství II. ÚDAJE K DIPLOMOVÉ PRÁCI Název diplomové práce: Průmyslový grafický terminál založený na OS Linux Název diplomové práce anglicky: Idustrial graphical terminal based on Linux Pokyny pro vypracování: Cílem této práce je vytvořit grafický terminál pro vestavné průmyslové aplikace. Předpokládá se nasazení ve výrobních závodech, kde bude terminál sloužit k monitorováníči ovládání různých zařízení a jejich napojení na cloudové služby. 1. Vyberte vhodný hardware dle následujících požadavků: Dotykový full HD displej s úhlopříčkou cca 10',čtečka RFID čipů, CPU a GPU s dobrou podporou Linuxu, rozmanité možnosti vstupů a výstupů (Ethernet, Wi-Fi, RS232, SPI, I2C, GPIO, USB). 2. Sestavte Linuxový systém (jádro, uživatelské prostředí) pro vybraný hardware. Sledujte následující cíle: a) na terminálu bude běžet webový prohlížeč s HW akcelerovanou grafikou, b) výsledný systém bude flexibilní kvůli potřebě nasazování do různých aplikací a c) systém bude možné snadno a vzdáleně aktualizovat, zejména kvůli aplikaci bezpečnostních záplat. 3. Systém otestuje na aplikaci, ve které bude terminál připojen ke kávovaru, bude ukládat data o jeho provozu a umožní zobrazovat grafické statistiky jeho používání jednotlivými uživateli. 4. Výsledek pečlivě zdokumentujte a zdůvodněte rozhodnutíčiněná při návrhu. Seznam doporučené literatury: https://buildroot.org/downloads/manual/manual.html https://www.yoctoproject.org/ Jméno a pracoviště vedoucí(ho) diplomové práce: Ing. Michal Sojka, Ph.D., katedrařídicí techniky FEL Jméno a pracoviště druhé(ho) vedoucí(ho) nebo konzultanta(ky) diplomové práce: Datum zadání diplomové práce: 30.01.2018 Termín odevzdání diplomové práce: _____________ Platnost zadání diplomové práce: 30.09.2019 ___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________ Ing. Michal Sojka, Ph.D. prof. Ing. Michael Šebek, DrSc. prof. Ing. Pavel Ripka, CSc. podpis vedoucí(ho) práce podpis vedoucí(ho) ústavu/katedry podpis děkana(ky) III. PŘEVZETÍ ZADÁNÍ Diplomant bere na vědomí, že je povinen vypracovat diplomovou práci samostatně, bez cizí pomoci, s výjimkou poskytnutých konzultací. Seznam použité literatury, jiných pramenů a jmen konzultantů je třeba uvést v diplomové práci. Datum převzetí zadání Podpis studenta iii Aknowledgements I thank prof. Dr. Ing. Zdeněk Hanzálek for providing advice and a nice working environment. I thank Ing. Jan Dvořák from Vozerovice for making me the first debugging cable, Bc. Pavel Bezstarosti for insights into hardware, Ing. Martin Vajnar for laser-cutting and Ing. Martin Gurtner for 3D-printing. I thank my supervisor, Ing. Michal Sojka, Ph.D., for advice and guidance throughout the project. iv Declaration I declare that I elaborated this thesis on my own and that I mentioned all the information sources and literature that have been used in accordance with the Guideline for adhering to ethical principles in the course of elaborating an academic final thesis. In Prague on 25th May 2018 ............................................................................................... v Abstract This thesis presents a prototype of an industrial graphical terminal and describes its development. The terminal consists of a WUXGA touchscreen display, an RFID reader and a single-board computer featuring the i.MX 6Quad processor. It runs a GPU-accelerated web browser on a Linux operating system. The browser receives and displays data from the RFID reader and GPIO pins through an application developed specifically for the terminal. If connected to a network (e.g. via WiFi),the browser can send the data to the cloud and download remote content. The functions are demonstrated in a testing scenario with the terminal connected to a coffee machine. Abstrakt Tato práce představuje prototyp průmyslového grafického terminálu a popisuje jeho vývoj. Terminál se skládá z dotykového WUXGA displeje, RFID čtečky a jednodeskového počítače s procesorem i.MX 6Quad. Na terminálu běží pod operačním systémem Linux webový prohlížeč s hardwarově akcelerovanou grafikou. Prohlížeč přijímá a zobrazuje data z RFID čtečky a GPIO pinů skrz aplikaci vyvinutou speciálně pro tento terminál. Pokud je připojen k síti (třeba pomocí WiFi), může prohlížeč odesílat tato data do cloudu a stahovat vzdálený obsah. Funkce jsou demonstrovány na testovacím scénáři s terminálem připojeným ke kávovaru. vi Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Hardware 2 2.1 Processor board . 2 2.1.1 i.MX 6Quad processor . 3 2.1.2 Candidates . 4 2.1.3 Advantech RSB-4411 . 4 2.2 Display . 6 2.2.1 Display interfaces . 6 2.2.2 Candidates . 7 2.2.3 AUO B101UAN02.1 set . 7 2.3 RFID reader . 8 2.3.1 Technology and standards . 8 2.3.2 Digital Logic µFR Nano . 9 2.4 Accessories . 9 2.4.1 WiFi card . 9 2.4.2 Level shifter . 10 2.4.3 Cables . 10 2.5 Body . 11 3 Software 15 3.1 Linux system . 15 3.1.1 Buildroot . 15 3.1.2 Boot loader . 18 3.1.3 Kernel . 20 3.1.4 Bottom line . 21 3.2 Peripherals . 22 3.2.1 RFID . 23 3.2.2 GPIO . 25 3.2.3 WebSocket . 27 3.2.4 All in one . 30 3.3 Networking . 31 3.3.1 WiFi . 32 3.4 Graphics . 33 3.4.1 Hardwre acceleration . 33 3.4.2 Candidates . 34 3.4.3 Qt . 35 vii 3.4.4 Touchscreen . 36 3.4.5 Web browser . 36 3.4.6 LVDS configuration . 37 4 Testing 40 4.1 Remote server . 40 4.1.1 Database . 41 4.1.2 Graphs . 42 4.1.3 Flask . 42 4.2 Final test . 43 5 Results 46 References 47 Acronyms 49 A CD contents 51 viii List of Figures 2.1 Simplified schemes of the i.MX 6Quad Video-Graphics Subsystem and the LDB .4 2.2 Advantech RSB-4411 . 6 2.3 AUO B101UAN02.1 . 7 2.4 Display timings . 8 2.5 Digital Logic µFR Nano . 9 2.6 PCIe extending bracket in the making . 10 2.7 Level shifter circuit diagram . 11 2.8 Cables . 12 2.9 Display connector pinout . 13 2.10Drawing of the terminal’s body . 14 3.1 Buildroot configuration menu . 16 3.2 SD-card boot process of RSB-4411 . 19 3.3 Linux kernel forks . 20 3.4 Rufus . 22 3.5 Scheme of the complete I/O handler . 23 3.6 Scheme of the RFID handler . 25 3.7 Scheme of the GPIO handler . 27 3.8 Scheme of the WebSocket server . 31 3.9 Screenshots of the web browser . 39 4.1 Control board of the coffee machine . 40 4.2 Scheme of the remote server . 41 4.3 Test scenario . 43 4.4 Final test . 45 ix List of Tables 2.1 List of lesser-known connectors on RSB-4411 including mating parts . 5 2.2 Scheme of the GPIO pin header on RSB-4411 including chip and line numbers . 5 2.3 USB cable scheme . 10 2.4 GPIO cable scheme . 11 2.5 LVDS cable scheme . 11 3.1 Frame buffer devices on RSB-4411 . 33 1 Chapter 1 Introduction In the age of Industry 4.0, when automation of manufacturing technologies spreads, it is desirable to have a central point for controlling and monitoring production. Moreover, as cloud computing becomes more and more common, this point should be accessible remotely from the cloud. A graphical terminal, connected to the factory network, is an elegant solution to the problem. Imagine a device that collects data from all manufacturing machines and immediately uploads them to the cloud, while allowing factory personnel to monitor and control the machines on-site. I was tasked to develop a prototype of such a terminal for Merica s.r.o., a company that specializes in production optimization and embedded systems. According to our plan, the terminal would be light, portable and yet capable of displaying high-resolution graphics. It would feature a touchscreen display, provide a variety of connector interfaces and enable users to log in using RFID tags. All components of the terminal would have to be able to endure possibly harsh conditions of an industrial environment. The terminal would run a GPU-accelerated web browser on a Linux operating system. It would utilize cloud services but work off-line as well. Data from peripherals would be sent to the browser, displayed and possibly uploaded to the cloud. The browser would download and display remote content from the cloud, too. This thesis describes the prototype terminal and its.
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