APPENDIX to the National Consumer Survey of Driving Safety Technologies
Correspondence should be directed to:
Daniel V. McGehee, PhD, Principal Investigator Transportation and Vehicle Safety Research Program University of Iowa, Public Policy Center 205 South Quad, Iowa City, Iowa 52245 Tel. (319) 335-6819 Email: [email protected] Table of Contents
APPENDIX A 1 Expert Questions Compiled – National Driver Safety Survey – Anonymous Version
APPENDIX B 30 Consumer Workshop - Cognitive Interview Script
APPENDIX C 56 Survey Instrument APPENDIX D 89 GfK National Survey Project Survey Report
APPENDIX E 201 National Survey Preliminary Findings Appendix A: National Consumer Survey of Driving Safety Technologies
Expert Questions Compiled – Anonymous Version
1 Introduction
In preparation of the National Survey of Consumer Driving Safety (National Survey), the University of Iowa and consultants collected information from a diverse group of national experts in vehicle safety and driver behaviors. The collective group represents individuals from academia, industry and governmental organizations to assist in defining the broader survey questions for the National Survey. This document includes anonymous content from our academic, industry and government experts.
The National Survey seeks to: • Identify critical gaps in public awareness of vehicle safety systems • Gain knowledge regarding defensive driving skills currently used by drivers • Pinpoint the most effective messages and techniques for encouraging safer driver behavior • Improve awareness and use of active safety technologies
Academic experts were invited to serve on an “Academic Panel of Expert” consultants focused on the topic of how drivers understand active safety systems in their vehicles – and how to provide education that may help them more effectively use these systems. Academics experts were offered an honorarium for submitting a paper with survey question recommendations along with their rationale for their formulated questions. In addition, the Academic Panel was also tasked with providing a short overview of the key issues related to driver understanding of safety technologies, particularly gaps in consumer understanding that might be addressed through an educational approach. Participation in the effort was completely voluntary.
The document below includes the compilation of expert formulated questions for the National Survey. The questions represent expert responses in raw and unedited form. In effort to begin organizing and developing survey themes, the questions were grouped around 4 naturally occurring categories:
1. General understanding of vehicle safety system technologies 2. Car versus driver relationship 3. How are consumers informing themselves about their vehicle and how are they learning about their vehicle 4. Driver/Respondent demographics
These groupings do not define the survey topics or survey flow, more so just supplied the ability to think about these questions collectively and how they may or may not connect to one another.
2 General understanding of vehicle safety system technologies
Perception of the technologies vs how technology is actually used a. Models about potential and profiles of safety technologies by the consumer. Understanding system capabilities and limits. Some drivers make false assumptions about the technologies i. “Imaging how they would react to a product b. Unjustified expectations about technologies and “automation” i. IE – need for driver to be engaged and FULL attention ii. Idea of “unintended safety consequences” if drivers overestimate their capabilities or do not understand what the systems are intended to do
Question Examples provided by experts Question 1 Some vehicles are available today that take active control of the vehicle from the driver in certain situations for a period of time, combining – for example – adaptive cruise control with a function that automatically keeps the vehicle centered in the driving lane. With such systems, what is your understanding of the need for the driver to continue to pay attention to the roadway and the driving environment while such a system is engaged? 1. The driver should always pay full attention to the roadway and the driving environment, even though the automated system is temporarily doing the driving. 2. It might be necessary for the driver to occasionally pay attention to the roadway and the driving environment, but the system is designed to ensure safe operation and the driver can engage in some non-driving activities, like checking e-mail or reading a book 3. When the automated system is engaged, it is completely safe and the driver is free to pay full attention to non-driving activities, like checking e-mail or reading a book. 4. I don’t know
Without some context or a specific example, I’m not sure if most drivers would really understand this question. This question might be enhanced by playing a short video or two describing an existing automated system and how it would work (for a video of the Mercedes Benz 2014 S-Class Distronic Plus system, see http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-pWRV7YaxnM)
3 Question 2 What information do you wish you had known about [the system] when you first started using it; things that you have since found out about the “hard way” after using the system for awhile? a) Situations or conditions where the system does not work b) Limitations in the system’s ability to respond c) Options for making adjustments to the system (configuring it) d) Interpreting or understanding the system’s displays, including sounds issued by the device or other messages or signals e) Nothing – I understood most all of what I needed to know soon after using the system
Alternative Phrasing or Approaches: § Has the system every confused or surprised you; has it reacted in unusual or unexpected ways? (possible response options are listed in the system-specific question #1) § Has this feature lived up to your expectations in terms of how it works and performs? ( Yes/ No) If not, how has it fallen short; what were the biggest misconceptions you had about the feature? (possible response options are listed in the system-specific question #1) § Pretend you were writing a manual on “lessons learned” about this system, what are two or three things you would want others to know about? (possible response options are listed in the system- specific question #1)
Question 3 Do you think that knowing the underlying technologies or sensors used to achieve the system’s functions would help you to better understand the system’s capabilities and limitations? Yes/ No If yes, what types of information do you feel would help you to better understand the system’s performance capabilities and limitations? (Check all that apply)? a) Non-technical description of the types of sensors used (cameras, radar, GPS, roadway-based sensors, communication between vehicles, combination, etc) b) Location of the sensors c) Number of sensors
4 d) Pictures showing the operating range, or field of view, of the sensors e) Description of the Conditions likely to interfere with the sensors to degrade it performance f) In-vehicle displays that show sensor status information g) Other (please specify):
Alternative Phrasing or Approach: Do you think that you would be able to understand the system better if the system displayed information about the reliability of the information being received by the sensors – a type of confidence level display? Yes/No
Question 4 (Target Area: Perceived Usefulness, Effectiveness, and Acceptance) What is your general impression of the following types of vehicle-based advanced safety systems? Please assign a rating that best describes your attitude towards each general type of system. [After Rating Is Assigned] Do you own or have you experienced this type of system? System Type or Class Rating Own or Experience
Systems that provide drivers with information to aid Yes/No in making decisions, such as rear vision cameras, or parking aids. (Information–Only systems)
Systems that warn or alert drivers to the presence of Yes/No hazards typically through some type of sound, such as forward collision warnings, pedestrian warnings, backing warnings, or lane departure warnings. (Warning-based systems)
Systems that momentarily assume control over the Yes/No vehicle to avoid a crash or reduce the severity of a crash by braking and/or steering. (Intervention- based systems)
Systems that automatically drive such as self-parking Yes/No cars or cars that are able to automatically drive on freeways (Automation)
Ratings:
5 1. I am Very Comfortable with this type of system (Openly Welcome and Would Use) 2. I am Comfortable with this type of system (Generally Positive About Their Use) 3. I am Neutral with this type of system 4. I am Uncomfortable with this type of system (Have Some Reservations About Their Use) 5. I am Very Uncomfortable with this type of system (Have Great Concern Over Such Systems) Question 5 What are your primary concerns, if any, for systems that automatically drive such as self-parking cars or cars that are able to automatically drive on freeways (Check all that apply) a) General concern with the concept of handing control over to the car for extended periods, or applications b) Concern over the types of environments and situations it can handle c) Concern that it may not be able to recognize or respond to a variety of hazards or obstacles d) Knowing who is responsible for what; which tasks can be handed over to the system and which remain with the driver e) Anxiety and uncertainty about whether or not the system will be able to respond, or whether I need to intervene (should I take over or will the system kick-in?) f) Concern over its reliability g) Fear that it may malfunction leading to a loss of vehicle control resulting in a crash or near crash h) Concern that the system may not be able to recognize that it is failing i) Concern that these types of system would cause drivers to mentally “check-out” and stop paying attention to the road or fall asleep j) Nothing – I have no great concerns over systems that automatically drive the car
Question 6 Have you ever been surprised or startled by how your car responded?” a) Yes b) No
6 c) If Yes “Please describe the event.” Provide the option to describe several events (OPEN END)
Question 7 Has your car ever responded in a way that prevented an accident? (OPEN END??) – no responses provided
Question 8 Given an example of a vehicle technology that “surprised” you by doing something you did not expect. How did it surprise you? What had you expected to behave differently? How would you recommend this technology be designed to work better based on this experience?
Question 9
Rate your level of agreement with the following statement: “Technology has an important role in making life better, including improved safety on our roadways” (Check only one). p Strongly Disagree p Disagree p Undecided/Neutral p Agree p Strongly Agree
Question 10 The safety systems in my vehicle do which of the following?
a. Improve my visibility behind the vehicle b. Improve my seeing distance at night c. Help maintain a safe distance to a vehicle ahead of mine d. Automatically brake hard to avoid a collision with a vehicle ahead e. Warn me of a potential crash but do not brake f. Warn me of that I may be drifting off the road g. Automatically steer the vehicle to avoid drifting off the road h. Automatically brake the vehicle to avoid a pedestrian i. Warn me that a vehicle is in the adjacent lane in my blind spot j. I’m not really sure if my car has any of these features Explanation: If you are not selecting drivers to survey based on specific make/model vehicles that have particular CAST of interest, a question like this would help to identify what technologies drivers are using.
7 Question 11 Advances in automotive safety continue to enter the automobile marketplace. However, the general driving population operates vehicles with a wide range of manufacture dates. On average, young drivers operate older vehicles than more experienced drivers. Please select the figure that you think best matches the average age of the vehicle driving by drivers that are 17 18 years old:
a. 4 years old b. 7 years old c. 10 years old d. 13 years old e. 15 years old
Question 12 (Industry experts input) How do consumers define safety technologies? How do they think about them? What is it the consumers think they do to improve safety? No answer choices provided
Question 13 (Industry experts input) How many times has your
Question 14 (Industry experts input) Have you ever experienced
Question 15 (Industry experts input) Do you have
Question 16 (Industry experts input) How do you turn it on? No answer choices provided
8 Specific Safety Technology Questions provided by experts
Question 1 System (function) Response Options
ACC (including I wish I had known or understood that the system…(check all that Stop & Go ACC) apply) - Does not respond to slow moving or stopped vehicles ahead of me in my lane (ACC) - May suddenly re-accelerate on curves if loses the vehicle ahead of me (ACC) - May suddenly and unexpectedly brake for no apparent reason - Does not brake to a complete stop (ACC) - Will not work under adverse weather conditions such as rain - Does not automatically change the set speed (programmed speed) when the external speed limit changes - May not respond to abrupt merging vehicles, or close-in merges - May cut-out or simply stop working, particularly when making lane changes (Stop & Go) - Will not automatically re-accelerate after stopping (Stop & Go) - May not be able to track or detect motorcycles - Other, please specify: (open ended) Parking Assist and I wish I had known or understood that the system…(check all that Backing Warning apply) - Is not intended to function above certain speeds (Park Assist) - Does not always provide sufficient advance notice to allow me to react. (Or) Is not really intended as a warning device since it does not adjust the timing of alerts based on my backing speed (Park Assist) - Provides a predictive display to help me see my projected backing path (Park Assist) - May completely fail to detect an obstacle in my path - May issue unnecessary alerts or warnings when nothing is actually behind me (prone to false alarms and missed detections) - May fail to detect objects to the sides of the vehicle Automatic Braking I wish I had known or understood that the system…(check all that (for Backing and/or apply) - Is subject to false alarms and may suddenly and
9 Forward Crash unexpectedly brake hard for no reason Avoidance or - May fail to brake in time to avoid hitting an obstacle Mitigation) - May not brake or respond to certain types of hazards such as pedestrians or children - May not keep the car stopped indefinitely, releasing the brakes after a set time interval - Releases the brakes once I depress the brake pedal, or if I accelerate (knowing how to override the braking) - Has an operational speed range where the system is capable of operating Forward Collision I wish I had known or understood that the system…(check all that Warning apply) - Is subject to false alarms and may suddenly and unexpectedly issue a warning for no apparent reason - May fail to warn me in time to avoid hitting an obstacle - May not reliably respond or warn me under certain conditions of threats (pedestrians or children, etc) - Allows me to adjust the timing or sensitivity of the system Speed and Curve I wish I had known or understood that the system…(check all that Warning/Advisor apply) - May provide inaccurate or missing speed limit information - May provide conflicting information relative to the posted external signs (may post speed limits for nearby parallel roadways) - May use generic curve graphics such that the actual direction of the curve may not be represented in the displayed graphic - Can indicate the presence of multiple curves – back to back curves - Does not provide curve details (e.g., how sharp the curve is) - Does not update the speed limits information until actually reaching the location of the external posted sign Rear Cross Traffic I wish I had known or understood that the system…(check all that Alert (for detecting apply) cross traffic when - Provides information as to the direction of the approaching cross-traffic backing) - Shares a common display format with other features (park assist), yet has unique audible and visual warning indicators - May respond to objects other than vehicles such as pedestrians, but is not designed to serve as a pedestrian warning system
10 Side Blind Zone I wish I had known or understood that the system…(check all that (includes sensors apply) and camera-based - Only serves as an information aid, and does not intervene to prevent me from changing lanes applications) - Only detects the presence of cars currently in my blind spot Systems useful for areas, and not fast approaching vehicles Aiding Lane - Only issues a warning [audible/visual] if I use my turn signal Change Decisions when a vehicle is occupying that lane - I can disable the system (turn it off) - Provides a distorted image of the areas surrounding my car [for camera-based versions] - Provides color-coded areas to help me judge distances and make go/no go lane change decisions [for camera-based versions] Lane Departure I wish I had known or understood that the system…(check all that Warning apply) - Only serves as an information aid, and does not intervene to prevent me from departing the lane - I can adjust the sensitivity of the system to warn me earlier or later - Is only active when the vehicle is traveling over a given speed threshold - I can disable the system (turn it off); either temporarily or permanently Autonomous Self- [Note: these are evolving quickly, so features may vary widely] Parking I wish I had known or understood that the system…(check all that apply) - The system only steers - I need to operate the controls (accelerator, and brake; gear shift to start) - Is capable of parking in parallel and perpendicular spaces - Can automatically detect and respond to hazards when parking - May straddle two open parking spots - Does not know if the open parking spot is a legal space - Stops if I grab the steering wheel Lane Keeping (Lane [Note: To my knowledge this feature is not currently production in Centering) the US, but is expected to be within the next few years]. Some “theoretical” operational issues are detailed below; however, there are too many variations in designs right now to define a concrete set of system-specific questions. I wish I had known or understood that the system…(check all that apply) - Does not steer to avoid obstacles in my lane such as stopped vehicles, road debris, or animals
11 - Does not automatically change lanes; lane changes be accomplished manually - Only operates when the vehicle is traveling above a certain speed - Does not work in city or urban environments [some systems] - Only operates in freeway environments [some systems] - Only works on roadways that have painted lane striping - Requires me to hold the steering wheel [some systems] - Does not automatically adjust my lane position when driving next to a large truck or tractor trailer - May loose tracking and veer off the roadway unexpectedly Note that individual OEM’s may have different system feature implementations – not all of the response options may apply.
Alternative Formats/Phrasing The above information in the table (question responses) can be used to draft alternate questions, as shown below. Has the Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) system lived up to your expectations in terms of how it works? (Yes/No). If not, how has it fallen short: what were the biggest misconceptions you had about the feature? - Expected it to respond to slow moving or stopped vehicles ahead of me in my lane - Did not expect it to suddenly re-accelerate on curves if loses the vehicle ahead of me - Unexpectedly braked for no apparent reason - Expected it would brake to a complete stop - Expected it would work under adverse weather conditions such as rain - Expected it would automatically change the set speed (programmed speed) when the external speed limit changes - Expected it would respond to abrupt merging vehicles, or close-in merges - Expected it would be able to track or detect motorcycles - Other, please specify: (open ended)
Question 2
System (function) Response Options
ACC (including Stop - Programming the set speed & Go ACC) - Programming the headway or spacing level to forward vehicles - Identifying if the system has detected a lead vehicle - Deciding when to use the system; system doesn’t seem to work well under certain roadway situations (hilly or curvy
12 roadways) or environmental conditions (rain). - Knowing how to switch between conventional cruise and ACC - System sometime sounds an audible chime, but unsure of the reason [braking insufficient, intervention needed] - Why system does not respond to slow moving or stopped cars - Inability to set closer following distances to lead vehicles - Other, please specify: (open ended) Parking Assist and - Learning to disable or turn off the system Backing Warning - Mapping the timing of the audible sounds to actual distances to external objects - Detecting the sounds or alerts – too soft - Alerts were hard to distinguish from other system warnings [applies to cases where the vehicle is equipped with multiple systems] - Location of the visual displays - Other, please specify: (open ended) Automatic Braking - How to override the automatic braking (accelerator pedal (for Backing and/or override) Forward Crash - Determining the amount of force required to override braking Avoidance or - How to assume control back from the system Mitigation) - Other, please specify: (open ended) Forward Collision - Timing of the warnings were too: a) early, b) late Warning - Alerting sound was too loud or annoying
Speed and Curve - Timing of the messages were too: a) early, b) late Warning/Advisor - Curve symbols were confusing and ambiguous - System messages were not noticeable - Presentation of new information (change in speed limit) was not clearly signaled Rear Cross Traffic - Alerts were not attention getting Alert (for detecting - Alerts were hard to distinguish from other system cross traffic when warnings [applies to cases where the vehicle is equipped with multiple systems] backing) - Location of the display was not compatible with where I normally look when I back - Cues used to indicate the direction of the approaching vehicle were not intuitive making it hard to quickly judge the direction of the threat - Displays were cluttered making it hard to identify hazards (too many things to look at)
13 Side Blind Zone - Location of the display was not compatible with where I (includes sensors normally look when making lane changes, making it hard and camera-based to use - Passing traffic constantly triggered the display making it applications) annoying and distracting Systems useful for - Display too bright at night making it annoying Aiding Lane Change - Sometimes the display was not easy to see (glare, bright Decisions ambient daylight) which caused me to failed to detect the presence of a vehicle Lane Departure - Audible alert is annoying and intrusive particularly when Warning traveling with passengers - System sensitivity is annoying: a) warns too early, b) warns too late - Learning when the system is active or not Autonomous Self- - Learning how to activate the system Parking - Using the display to learn what to do - Confirming that the system has acquired the correct space - Coordinating activities between myself and the system, especially under time pressure - Aborting or stopping the car once the maneuver has started - Getting feedback that the system has or has not detected a hazard or potential threat Lane Keeping (Lane [Note: To my knowledge this feature is not currently production Centering) in the US, but is expected to be within the next few years]. Some “theoretical” operational issues are detailed below; however, there are too many variations in designs right now to define a concrete set of system-specific questions. - Activating the system can be frustrating; it can only be activated when a defined set of conditions are met and can be hard to achieve. - Can’t always rely on the displays to provide accurate information – sometimes the system is not able to recognize that it is failing - Handing control back to the system after overriding it can be difficult; hard to know when the system has assumed control Note that individual OEM’s may have different system feature implementations – not all of the response options may apply.
Question 3 Sometimes different vehicles have very similar safety systems that go by different names. Sometimes the function of a safety system is not clear from the name.
14 Sometimes the vehicle displays use abbreviations or icons to denote the function. In the table below, we have listed descriptions of a number of different safety functions that may be in vehicles. Please fill in this table to tell us what you think the safety system should be called. Also tell us how you think it might be shortened by abbreviation or an acronym so that it can fit on a vehicle control or in a small display panel. If you have an idea of how it may be shown with an icon, please sketch that in or describe it. Description of the What name would How would you Describe how an safety function you give this safety abbreviate this icon might identify function? safety function? this safety function The vehicle gives you a warning sound when you are closing in on an obstacle in front of you This system keeps you from skidding during hard braking on slippery roads; you can stop faster and also steer while you are stopping When a vehicle several cars in front of you in a line of traffic brakes suddenly, you get an immediate warning, even if you cannot see the braking vehicle Etc Etc
Question 4
Some new vehicles are equipped with lane departure warning systems that provide you with an alert under certain circumstances – for example, if the vehicle crosses a lane boundary when your turn signal is not on. If you frequently drive a vehicle with such a system, how often do you turn the system off so that you are not provided with alerts?
a. I don’t frequently drive a car with a lane departure warning system.
15 b. I never turn the lane departure warning system off. c. I occasionally turn the lane departure warning system off. d. I almost always or always turn the lane departure warning system off. e. I don’t know.
Question 5
Many new vehicles are equipped with a built-in navigation system. When using a navigation aid for directions, how often do you use a smartphone or other electronic system (Garmin, etc.) instead of the vehicle manufacturer built-in system?
a. I don’t use a vehicle with a manufacturer-equipped navigation system. b. I never use a smartphone-based application or other electronic system (always use the manufacturer system) for directions. c. I occasionally use a smartphone-based application or other electronic system (occasionally use the manufacturer system) for directions. d. I almost always or always use a smartphone-based application or other electronic system (never use the manufacturer system) for directions. e. I don’t know.
Question 6
Many new vehicles are equipped with voice command interfaces. When making calls while driving, how often do you use the vehicle manufacturer equipped voice command interface to dial phone numbers?
a. I don’t use a vehicle with a voice command interface. b. I don’t make phone calls while driving. c. I never use the vehicle’s voice command interface when dialing phone numbers. d. I occasionally use the vehicle’s voice command interface when dialing phone numbers. e. I almost always or always use the vehicle’s voice command interface when dialing phone numbers. f. I don’t know.
Question 7 For drivers who have purchased a vehicle with a CAST, does your system automatically activate when you start your vehicle?
16 YES, NO, Not Sure
Question 8 If you have to activate it, do you know how to do it? YES, NO, Not sure
Question 9 Do you know how to turn the system off? a. YES, b. NO, Not sure If YES, How often do you turn it off? a. Never b. Seldom c. Occasionally d. Frequently e. Always
Question 10 What is the primary reason you turn it off? a. I thought it had unnecessary warnings b. I thought it was annoying c. I thought it interfered with my driving d. I thought it was distracting e. I thought it interfered with other vehicle systems Question 11 For your (lane keeping system; blind spot warning system; forward crash prevention system, …) Were there any features that you did not understand? a) Yes b) No If Yes, what were they?
Question 12 Have you encountered any driving situations where the safety feature operated in a surprising way to you? (For example, did it do something that you would not have predicted it would do? Or were you surprised that there were situations where it should have warned you or braked, but it did not?) a) Yes b) No If Yes, what were the surprising situations? ______
17 Comment: The questions in the Cahour study had a continuous response option, to develop a Likert scale. I think for the DUCAST, it would be more helpful if you could get a yes/no answer and obtain the specific features or circumstances that drivers did not understand
If YES, after experiencing these surprising or unexpected situations, what did you do? Check all that apply: a. Turned the system off b. Looked in the owner’s manual for an explanation of what happened c. Took the car in to the dealer or mechanic to check it out d. Tried to looked up the problem on line e. Sent in or call in my concern to the Government safety agcncy f. Sent in or called in my concern to the manufacturer g. Other ______
Question 13 Based on the actions you took (as indicated by your response to the question above) and what you learned, how has your use of the CAST changed? Check all that apply. a. It has not changed, I still do not use it b. I am still trying to figure out how the system is supposed to work and how to operate it c. I use the system, but do not think it will give me any safety benefits d. I use the system. I am comfortable that I understand how to use the system, what to expect, and how it will improve my safety Question 14 (NW) For this questionnaire, we would like you to focus on your experience with the
Effectiveness Please us this rating scale to indicate your level of agreement Sure Note
with these statements about the effectiveness of this vehicle Agree Agree Strongly Strongly technology. Disagree Disagree 1. This technology helps me enjoy driving. 2. This technology helps me get to my destination. 3. This technology helps me avoid traffic hazards. 4. This technology prevents crashes. 5. This technology reduces the risk of injury if there is a
1 Insert the name and description of any technology.
18 crash. 6. This technology benefits my passengers. 7. This technology benefits me as a driver. 8. This technology makes me drive at safe speeds. 9. This technology makes me keep a safe following distance. 10. This technology makes me wear my seatbelt.
Question 15 Efficiency
Please us this rating scale to indicate your level of agreement Agree Strongly Disagree Disagree with these statements about the efficiency of this vehicle Note Sure technology. Agree Strongly 11. It is easy to learn how to use this technology. 12. This technology is easy to operate. 13. I can always remember how to use this technology. 14. This technology is always works reliably. 15. This technology behaves the way I expect it to 16. This technology does not require lots of my attention. 17. This technology communicates in a way I understand. 18. This technology has an interface that does not distract me. 19. This technology lets me know when it is not working properly 20. I can end my interaction with this technology whenever I want.
Question 16 Satisfaction
Please us this rating scale to indicate your level of agreement Agree Strongly Disagree Disagree with these statements about the efficiency of this vehicle Note Sure technology. Agree Strongly 21. I enjoy this technology. 22. I trust this technology. 23. I rely on this technology. 24. I want this technology in my own car. 25. I would pay extra to have this technology. 26. I look forward to using this technology. 27. I am satisfied with this technology. 28. I am never stressed by this technology. 29. I think the interface of this technology is attractive. 30. I would recommend this technology to my friends.
19 Question 17 Finally, please answer these questions about your experience with this technology: Describe what you liked most about the
Describe what you disliked most about the
Describe your most frustrating experience when using the
Describe how you would recommend changing the
How much would you be willing to pay to have this technology in your vehicle? $ ______
Car vs Driver Relationship Question Examples provided by Experts Question 1
“The driver is the most important component for safe driving.” (Check only one). p Strongly Disagree p Disagree p Undecided/Neutral p Agree p Strongly Agree
Question 2
“The vehicle is the most important component for safe driving.” (Check only one). p Strongly Disagree p Disagree
2 Insert name of technology.
20 p Undecided/Neutral p Agree p Strongly Agree
Question 3 Please describe your cell phone use while driving: a. Never use b. Rarely use c. Sometimes use d. Often use e. Regularly use Explanation: This question might be an indicator of driver risk taking level and how much the driver might even pay attention to safety information. The high phone users might be the very drivers who would benefit most from some type of educational campaign to encourage their proper use of these anti-distraction technologies. How are consumers informing themselves about their vehicle and how are they learning about their vehicle
Sources of information a. How and where are going people, data are they using to inform themselves about their vehicle. What sources of information do they immediately go to? How do they learn about their car when they have questions? b. Different subgroups of drivers prefer to learn the technology differently
Question Examples provided by the experts
Question 1 When you drive a car with an unfamiliar technology or new safety feature, what steps do you generally take to learn the features or capabilities of this new technology or safety feature? 1. I learn by experience – I drive the car and learn how the new technology or safety feature works over time. 2. I read the Owner’s Manual very carefully to see how the system works 3. I ask someone (e.g., a salesperson at the dealership or a friend) to explain how the new technology or safety feature works 4. I research the new technology or safety feature using the internet or other means
21 5. I use some combination of 1-4 (if so, which ones?): Other (describe):
Question 2 Which sources of information would you likely access to learn about how a particular advanced safety system works? Please rank order the following sources from most likely (1) to least likely (7) Vehicle Owners Manual
Brochures
Dealership staff
Demonstrations
DVD supplied with the vehicle
Internet (including videos)
Embedded Tutorials
Other (please specify):
Question 3 Assume you are planning to drive a vehicle that you are unfamiliar with, such as a new vehicle or a rental car. How would you go about determining what safety technologies are in this vehicle? Select your most likely action. • Ask someone at the provider (car dealer, rental agent) • Look in an owner’s manual • Go on line • Study the vehicle controls and displays • Other (specify) ______• I would not be interested enough to find this out
Question 4 Assume you have just purchased a new car with a number of advanced safety features. What would be your preferred way of learning about what those features are, how they work, and how to use them? • Have the dealer go through them and explain how they work • Written material, such as the Owner’s Manual or quick guides • Video
22 • Web site • Trying things out on my own
Question 5 Assume that one year from now you get into a new mid-priced car. What would be your best assumption about whether that car has the following safety features?
Safety Feature Almost Probably About equal Probably Almost certainly has this likelihood it does not certainly has this feature does or have this does not feature does not feature have this have this feature feature Adaptive cruise control Blind spot alert Forward collision warning Automatic braking Out-of-lane warning Anti-lock brakes Low tire pressure alert Etc. Etc. Etc.
Question 6 What resource did you use to learn about using these technologies? p Cars salesman p Manual p Trial and error p Internet ….
23 Question 7 For drivers who have purchased a vehicle with a CAST (crash avoidance safety technology), How did you primarily learn about using the system and how it operates? Check no more than the 2 most useful sources. a. Help from the sales staff at the dealership b. Test drives at dealerships c. Reviews from professional testers in consumer or automobile magazines or websites d. Information from Government safety agencies e. Friends or relatives f. Consumer reviews on the Internet g. The owners manual h. A DVD that came with the vehicle i. An online tutorial provided by the manufacturer
Question 8 Have you ever had concern or question about your CAST (Forward Crash Warning, lane departure warning, etc) that caused you to look in your owner’s manual for an explanation? a. YES b. NO; If YES, what was your question? ______;
Question 9 Did the owner’s manual give you a satisfactory explanation? a. YES b. NO; If NO, what did you do to find the answer?
24 Respondent/Consumer demographic related
Question Examples provided by Experts Question 1 What safety systems does your vehicle include? No responses provided by expert
Question 2
Which of the following technologies do you have in your current vehicle (check each)? p Forward collision avoidance warning p Lane departure warning system. ….
Question 3
Which of the following technologies do you rely on (use) regularly in your current vehicle (check each)? p Forward collision avoidance warning p Lane departure warning system. ….
Question 4
Which of the following technologies helped you to decide to buy your current vehicle (check each)? p Forward collision avoidance warning p Lane departure warning system. ….
Question 5
Which of the following technologies do you want to have on your next vehicle (check each)?
25 p Forward collision avoidance warning p Lane departure warning system. ….
Question 6
2. For drivers who are looking to buy a new vehicle: a. Have you been looking to buy a vehicle with a safety feature that may help you avoid crashes, such as one that helps prevent lane change crashes, rear end crashes, or run off road crashes or …? YES, NO 3. If YES, what top two sources are you most likely to use to learn how these systems work and differ from one manufacturer to another? a. Reviews from professional testers in consumer or automobile magazines or websites b. Information from Government safety agencies c. Friends or relatives d. Consumer reviews on the Internet e. Test drives at dealerships f. Information from sales staff Question 7
What are you most hoping to learn about this safety feature to help you make your decision? Choose no more than 2. (or possibly ask them to rank order choices) g. Cost differences h. Reliability—the extent to which they need repair i. Reputation of manufacturer j. How easy it is to understand how they work k. How easy they are to operate l. How it will enhance my driving m. What research has found about the actual safety benefits n. How many years the system has been for sale (i.e., is it a proven and tested technology) o. Other ______Question 8 Let’s assume your daughter is 17 years and 6 months old. She has a large network of girl friends that all drive and are all within 6 months of the same age as your daughter. Everything being equal, approximately how big would her group of friends have to be in order to expect one of them to be involved in a fatal motor vehicle crash during the next year? b. 25 friends
26 c. 50 friends d. 500 friends e. 1000 friends f. 2500 friends
Answer: 2500 friends
Question 9 You and your spouse are very special. You are biologically about 33 years old, never age, have unlimited wealth and have a new baby boy every January 1st. When a son turns 16, you provide them with an average vehicle and send them on their way in a manner that matches all other parents with newly licensed 16 year-old drivers. How many years, on average, do you think must pass between fatal crashes of your sons during their 16th year? a. 60 years b. 600 years c. 1200 years d. 6000 years
Answer: 1200 years
Question 10 Under the same circumstances as the previous question, how many years should you expect to wait between police reported or property damage crashes? a. 5 years b. 15 years c. 50 years d. 100 years e. 500 years
Answer: 15 years
Question 11
Review the list of actions a parent might take to reduce the chance of their newly licensed teen driver being involved in a motor vehicle crash. Select “1” next to the action you think has the best potential to prevent the teen’s involvement in a crash.
27 Then rank the remaining list with 5 assigned to the action with the least potential. The numbers 1 through 5 may only be used once in your rankings.
1 2 3 4 5 Completing the minimum number of practice hours of driving prior to licensing 1 2 3 4 5 Purchasing a vehicle for the teen that has front and side airbags 1 2 3 4 5 Enrolling in a performance monitoring and video feedback program 1 2 3 4 5 Utilizing a GPS program that includes speed monitoring 1 2 3 4 5 Adhering Graduated Licensing guidelines and restrictions in effect for the teen
Question 12 Select the statement that best matches your beliefs about motor vehicle crashes: a. Motor vehicle crashes are most often accidents that can’t be prevented. b. Motor vehicle crashes are most often NOT accidents as they can be prevented through safe driving habits. c. Motor vehicle crashes are about an equal mix of crashes that could and couldn’t be avoided.
Question 13 Select the statement that best matches your opinion about your current or future teen driver: a. The behaviors and attitudes I see when I’m supervising my teen’s driving likely match their behaviors and attitudes when I’m not in the car. b. The behaviors and attitudes I see when I’m supervising my teen’s driving probably don’t match their behaviors and attitudes when I’m not in the car with my teen. c. I really don’t know if the behaviors and attitudes I see when I’m supervising my teen’s driving are the same when I’m not in the car.
Observations by Experts • To understand the educational need of drivers and driver approaches to inform them, the survey should include drivers who are also PLANNING to buy a new car as well as drivers who already have vehicle w/ CAST (MP)
• Industry à Understanding people’s experience w/ control systems (those that change what the car is doing – braking, steering, gas) – hearing about people’s experiences with automatic braking or experience w/ lane keeping control – did it do the right thing?
28 • People “turn off” lane departure warning as an annoyance – add that into the matrix of technologies. Extent to which people are leaving these systems on; also measure their tolerance thresholds for turning them off/on (RK, GM)
• Do people understand what the camera can see (e.g. – a skid can look like a lane marking). Should we get an idea of how they believe the technologies intercepts the driving environment?
• Do people know where their technology systems are located w/in the vehicle – ie, where the camera is?
• Get an idea of what systems consumers are finding helpful, which ones they are not and what they would want in their next vehicle (e.g. – airbags – I want them but I’ve never experienced them)
• Likert scale of happiness for how the information is communicated to the driver (alerts, warnings, meeting expectations)
• Be really careful to find out what systems respondents ACTUALLY have on their vehicles (vs. what they may say they have on their vehicles). They are often not aware of what they have on their vehicle – and this may influence what they say about how their system acts. For example, blind spot, cross-traffic alert, and emergency-braking are all systems that consumers may have misunderstandings about whether they have or don’t have – or which type of these systems they have on their cars.
29 Appendix B: National Consumer Survey of Driving Safety Technologies
Consumer Workshop - Cognitive Interview Script
30 Please record the time the respondent starts the SELF – ADMINISTERED survey on their own.
Date: ______
Respondent #______
Interviewer ______Time Started: ______
Time Ended: ______
Interviewer notes taken while the respondent is taking their survey. Please note any questions the respondent brings to you during their self-administered survey on the attached blank page. Please use discretion when writing notes.
Interviewer Instructions – Below is the word script to the online survey. The respondent will have the iPad in front of them and you and the respondent will walk through the instrument again. You will also have a Word Document (without skip patterns) of the survey available to the respondent in case they do not want to use the iPad again. Some of the questions do include a skip pattern, so if they did not answer the question, you will not need to ask them the INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS. Please just ask the respondent if they recall answering the question.
Please feel free to take some notes during the interviewer, however we will transcribe the interview later on, so please LISTEN to the respondent. • Please note any questions that the respondent seems to be agitated, frustrated, upset or eludes to not understanding a particular question. Things to look for: long pauses, confused looks, spending way too long or way too short a time on a question.
• Please note if the respondent says they would now change their answer after re-reading the question with you.
Instructions to respondent: Thank you for agreeing to participant in this interview. The purpose of this interview is to develop questions about people’s understanding of safety systems in their vehicle. Your feedback will help us learn how to better develop our survey questions, prior to the national survey that will take place this fall. The purpose of this interview is to find out what you think about the questions and how you interpret them. For this project, we need to find out if the questions make sense to everyone and if everyone understands the questions in the same way. Your interview will help us find out how the questions are working. This interview will last approximately an hour. Some of the questions may seem repetitive and even somewhat strange. This is because we are testing the questions, and we need to understand what people are considering when they form an answer. Please do your best to answer the question as you understand them.
Everything you tell me is confidential and will be kept private and will not be included in any reports or publications. There are no right or wrong answers. If you do not want to answer a question, please tell me and I will move to the next question. Before we begin, do you have any questions?
Before we go into the survey, I’d like to do a warm-up to get you thinking out-loud. This exercise is to get you in the frame of mind to talk out loud about what you’re currently thinking, imaging or processing. For this exercise, I’d like you to describe the vehicle you own, or the vehicle you drive most often. Please tell me all about the vehicle, make, model, color, year, where you drive it, anything that comes to mind.
Great, we can now get started! I know you just took the survey yourself. We will go through the survey again, and this time, I’d like you to answer questions about what you were thinking when you were going through the survey on your own. You do not need to tell me your answer. I’m just looking to know how you interpreted the question. I have a paper copy of the survey here for you to reference to try to remember what you originally answered when you took the first on the iPad.
31 Basic Driving Habits/Your Vehicle
DO NOT NEED TO READ AGAIN Welcome to the National Survey of Consumer Driving Safety! This survey will take approximately 20 minutes of your time. We will ask you questions about vehicle safety features and skills you use to stay safe on the road.
This survey is not a test. Your responses are completely confidential and there are no right or wrong answers.
Q1 Do you have a valid driver's license? NO INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS
Yes
No
Q2 Approximately how many miles per week do you drive?
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • When you answered this question, how did you arrive at the number of miles you drive a week?
• What time period were you thinking about when you answered this question?
• Did you try to count each time you drove, or did you make a general estimate?
• How accurate would you say your answer is?
Q3 How often do you drive a motor vehicle, regardless of whether it is for work or other personal use? Please select the best option:
Every day
3 to 5 days a week
Once a week or less
Only certain times a year
Never
Don't know 32 INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • Are there any answer choices we might be missing?
Q4 Have you purchased a brand new vehicle within the last year?
Yes
No
Don't know
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • If your own words, what does “Brand new vehicle” mean to you?
• PROBE – if they do not clearly define “brand new” as no MILES or less than a certain amount of miles.
Q5 What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive? If you do not know, please write 'DK' in the answer box.
Make: (for example, Chevrolet, Volvo, Toyota, Volkswagen, etc:
Model: (for example, Impala, S50, Camry, Passat, etc) Specific Model Type: (for example. Ford Focus SE, Chrevolet Malibu Class, Toyota Corolla Sport) Year: (1999, 2005, etc)
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • Where you able to recall your make, model and specific model type of your car?
• Are the provided examples clear and help you to understand what each item means?
33 Q6 To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have? Click on the ? symbol to view a basic definition of the technology.
About equal likelihood it does Almost certainly Does have this Almost certainly or does not have does not have this Does not have this feature has this feature this feature feature feature
Cruise Control ?
Anti-lock brakes ? Back-up/rear-
view camera ? Back-up warning
system ?
Blind spot alert system ?
Adaptive cruise control ?
Forward collision warning ?
Lane departure warning ?
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • When you considered each technology of this question, what came to mind?
• Did you have any difficulty with any of these technologies?
• How accurate would you say your answer is for having the technology in your car? Why?
• Are there any categories missing from the options provided or do they cover everything? What is missing?
• I also have provided a copy of the definitions, that you should have seen displayed in the survey by the ? (question mark). Was it easy to click on the definition to see the survey? Do the definitions seem clear and make sense to you?
• Are there any technologies you have not heard of on this list before this survey?
34 Knowledge Questions about Driving Safety
Q7 Looking at the list of technologies below, please answer if you’ve ever interacted with the technologies and your understanding of the technologies.
I have NOT interacted with this I have interacted with this technology, and… t echnology, and…
I do not I do not I do understand I do understand understand how it understand how how it works. how it works. works. it works.
Cruise Control
Anti-lock braking system
Traction control Back-up/rear view camera
Back-up warning system
Adaptive cruise control
Forward collision warning
Lane departure warning
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS
• What do you think the table above is asking you about?
• Are there any categories missing from the options provided or do they cover everything?
35 We would like you to tell us how comfortable you would be driving a vehicle with the safety systems we list below. Some of these systems are only in the design stage and are not widely available. We are interested in your answers regardless of whether you own or have driven a vehicle with these features. Please answer the questions based on your comfort of using the technologies while driving a vehicle. If you are unsure or don’t know, please answer "Don't know".
Please indicate your level of comfort with each of the following types of vehicle safety technology. Click on the ? symbol to view a basic definition of the technology.
Q8 Technologies that provide drivers with information for making decisions, such as rear vision cameras or parking aids
Very comfortable 2 3 4 Very uncomfortable Don't know 1 5
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • In your own words, what does “technologies that provide drivers with information for making decisions,” mean to you?
• Was it easy or difficult to choose which box to select? Why?
36 Q9 Technologies that automatically drive the vehicle on the roads.
Very comfortable Very uncomfortable 1 2 3 4 5 Don't know
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • In your own words, what does “technologies that automatically drive the vehicle,” mean to you?
• Was it easy or difficult to choose which box to select? Why?
Q10 Technologies that automatically park the vehicle.
Very comfortable Very uncomfortable 1 2 3 4 5 Don't know
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • In your own words, what does “technologies that automatically park the vehicle,” mean to you?
• Was it easy or difficult to choose which box to select? Why?
Q11 Technologies that warn or alert you to hazards using sound (beeps or bells, for example) – forward collision warnings?, pedestrian warnings?, backing warnings? or lane departure warnings
Very comfortable Very uncomfortable 1 2 3 4 5 Don't know
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • In your own words, what does “technologies that warn or alert you to hazards using sound (beeps or bells, for example,” mean to you?
• Was it easy or difficult to choose which box to tick? Why?
37 Q12 Technologies that take control of the vehicle to avoid a crash by braking or steering
Very comfortable Very uncomfortable 1 2 3 4 5 Don't know
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • In your own words, what does “technologies that take control of the vehicle,” mean to you?
• Was it easy or difficult to choose which box to tick? Why?
NOTE TO INTERVIEWER -- The next few questions asked of the respondent to descript their discomfort with any of the technologies if they noted a 4 or 5, so we will not ask any cognitive questions since these were open ended questions. Q13 You indicated you were uncomfortable with technologies that provide drivers with information for making decisions, such as rear vision cameras or parking aids, do you have any concerns you would like to share regarding this vehicle safety technology? If you do not know, please write 'DK' in the answer box.
Q14 You indicated you were uncomfortable with technologies that automatically drive the vehicle, park themselves, or automatically drive on freeways, do you have any concerns you would like to share regarding this vehicle safety technology? If you do not know, please write 'DK' in the answer box.
Q15 You indicated you were uncomfortable with technologies that warn or alert you to hazards using sound (beeps or bells, for example) – forward collision warnings, pedestrian warnings, backing warnings or lane departure warnings, do you have any concerns you would like to share regarding this vehicle safety technology? If you do not know, please write 'DK' in the answer box.
Q16 You indicated you were uncomfortable with technologies that take control of the vehicle to avoid a crash by braking or steering, do you have any concerns you would like to share regarding this vehicle safety technology? If you do not know, please write 'DK' in the answer box. 38 Understanding of Vehicle Safety Technologies
The next items ask you for your understanding of how recent vehicle safety technologies work. Please check the response that comes closest to your understanding. If you don’t know or are unsure, please answer "Don't know".
Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:
Q17 Cruise control:
Can be turned on by touching the gas pedal
Can be turned off by touching the brake pedal
Will turn itself off when you get too close to a slower moving car
Don't know INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS
• How did you arrive at your answer?
• Was this question easy or difficult to answer? Why?
• How sure of your answer are you?
• What did you think about when deciding how to answer this question?
• How did you feel about this question?
Q18 Anti-lock brakes:
Work best when you pump the brakes
Work best when you steadily apply the brakes
Provide mechanical noises and pulsations to know the anti-lock braking system is NOT working
Don't know
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS
• How did you arrive at your answer?
• Was this question easy or difficult to answer? Why?
• How sure of your answer are you? 39 • What did you think about when deciding how to answer this question?
• How did you feel about this question?
Q19 What does this symbol mean if you see it lit up on your dashboard?
You need an oil change
One of your tires needs air A headlight is burned out
Don't know
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS
• How did you arrive at your answer?
• Was this question easy or difficult to answer? Why?
• How sure of your answer are you?
• What did you think about when deciding how to answer this question?
• How did you feel about this question?
40 Q20 A back-up or rear vision camera:
Provides a view of the area behind the car so the driver doesn't have to check their surroundings
Works especially well at night
Provides a view of the area behind them through a video display in the vehicle
Don't know INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS
• How did you arrive at your answer?
• Was this question easy or difficult to answer? Why?
• How sure of your answer are you?
• What did you think about when deciding how to answer this question?
• How did you feel about this question?
Q21 Back-up or rear obstacle detection alert sensors (without a camera view):
Accurately warn a driver of all obstacles located behind them so the driver doesn't have to check their surroundings
Alerts the driver there are possible objects located behind the vehicle
Will sound an alert every time an object is located behind the vehicle, even when the vehicle is not in reverse
Don't know INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS
• How did you arrive at your answer?
• Was this question easy or difficult to answer? Why?
• How sure of your answer are you?
• What did you think about when deciding how to answer this question?
• How did you feel about this question?
Q22 Adaptive cruise control:
Requires the driver to turn on the system and define the desired following distance to vehicles in front 41 Adapts the preferred set speed of the cruise control based on driver information stored in the key fob
Requires the driver to turn the GPS system on so that the cruise control system knows what the speed limit is
Don't know
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS
• How did you arrive at your answer?
• Was this question easy or difficult to answer? Why?
• How sure of your answer are you?
• What did you think about when deciding how to answer this question?
• How did you feel about this question?
• Do you think of ACC as its own separate technology or as an enhancement of regular cruise control?
Q23 Blind spot alert systems:
Sounds an alert to the driver there are children or other objects located behind the vehicle
Provides the driver with an alarm alert every time a passing vehicle is located in the blind spot on the side of their vehicle
Only provides this alert to the driver when the turn signal is on
Don't know
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS
• How did you arrive at your answer?
• Was this question easy or difficult to answer? Why?
• How sure of your answer are you?
• What did you think about when deciding how to answer this question?
• When you answered this question, did you think of blind spot alert system as alerting you when you are parking or backing up or when the vehicle is in motion and someone enters your blind spot? 42 Q24 Forward collision warning systems
Provides an alert whenever the car gets close to another vehicle or object, such as when you pull up behind someone in a drive thru lane
Will only work when a car in front of you is stopped, not if it is moving
Provides an alert to the driver when the system detects a stopped or moving object ahead that will be hit if the driver does not slow down
Don't know INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS
• How did you arrive at your answer?
• Was this question easy or difficult to answer? Why?
• How sure of your answer are you?
• What did you think about when deciding how to answer this question?
• How did you feel about this question?
Q25 Lane departure warning systems:
Warn you when you are taking a curve too fast and are about to go off the road
Warn you when you drift out of your lane in either direction
Warn you that a car next to you is drifting out of their lane and may hit you
Don't know
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS
• How did you arrive at your answer?
• Was this question easy or difficult to answer? Why?
• How sure of your answer are you?
• What did you think about when deciding how to answer this question?
• How did you feel about this question? 43 Q26 How much would you be in favor of using each of the following?
Very Fairly Not much Not at all Don't know
A “black box” located in vehicles that would be able to identify what caused a crash Drowsy driver detection devices that warn the driver to stop if he/she was too tired to drive
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • What went on in your mind when you were asked these questions?
• How accurate would you say your answer is for each of the technologies above? Why?
• Are there any categories missing from the options provided or do they cover everything? What is missing?
Q27 Below are several statements regarding your beliefs about technology. For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.
Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree
Science and technology make our way of life change too fast.
Scientists can be trusted to make the right decisions.
Technology, in general, can make this place a safer place.
I would describe myself as someone that embraces new technology.
I frequently purchase the newest types of technology available.
I find working with computers very easy.
I always try to understand how a technology works that I use in my daily life.
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS
• What went on in your mind when you were asked these questions?
• How easy or difficult was it to select an answer from the options provided? Why?
• Are there any categories missing from the options provided or do they cover everything? What is missing? 44 Q28 How often do you think each of the following factors are the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?
Never Rarely Sometimes Often Very often Always Don't know
Driving when tired
Drinking and driving
Taking illegal drugs and driving
Driving under the impairment of prescription drugs (drugs that were prescribed to the driver) Make/answer a call with handheld phone Texting and driving or using the phone for other than making a call Bad weather conditions
Inexperience (less than 3 years driving)
Aged people driving (65 and over) Vehicle malfunction
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS
• What went on in your mind when you were asked these questions?
• What type of malfunction do you think of when you hear “Vehicle malfunction” – the last answer choice.
• How easy or difficult was it to select an answer from the options provided? Why?
• Are there any categories missing from the options provided or do they cover everything? What is missing?
• Do you think your friends might answer this question honestly regarding their behavior?
45 Driving Behaviors and Beliefs
Q29 Do you think of your vehicle as a means of transportation, or as something special–more than just a way to get around?
I think of my vehicle simply as transportation
I think of my vehicle as more than just a way to get around
Don't know INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS
• In your own words, what you believe the question is asking?
• Was it easy or difficult to choose which box to tick? Why?
Q30 Do you spend your personal time working on a vehicle or restoring older vehicles?
Yes
No
Don't know No interviewing questions
Q31 Do you like to keep up on the latest types of vehicle trends including new vehicle features, technologies, and other new market vehicle trends?
Yes
No
Don't know
NTERVIEWER QUESTIONS
• In your own words, what you believe the question is asking?
• Was it easy or difficult for you to answer this question? Why?
• What first comes to mind when you hear “new vehicle features, technologies or other market vehicle trends?”
46 Q32 Please read the statements below and select the best answer that describes you.
All of the time Most of the time Some of the time Rarely Never
I send and receive text messages while driving a vehicle. I talk on a cell phone while driving a vehicle. I frequently drive over the speed limit. I believe the driver is the most important component of safe driving. I believe the vehicle is the most important component of safe driving.
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • What went on in your mind when you were asked these questions?
• How easy or difficult was it to select an answer from the options provided? Why?
• Are there any categories missing from the options provided or do they cover everything? What is missing?
Q33 How much would you agree that our roads have become safer over the past 10 years?
Very Fairly Not much Not at all Don't know
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • In your own words, what do you believe this question is asking you?
• Are there any categories missing from the options provided or do they cover everything? What do you believe is missing?
47 Q34 The statements presented below are regarding motor vehicle crashes. Please read the statements below and rate how strongly you agree or disagree.
Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree
Motor vehicle crashes are often accidents that cannot be prevented. Motor vehicle crashes are most often NOT accidents as they can be prevented through safe driving habits.
Motor vehicle crashes are about an equal mix of crashes that could and could not be avoided. Motor vehicle crashes can be less severe with safety systems in your vehicle.
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • What went on in your mind when you were asked these questions?
• Why did you choose a particular answer, rather than one of the others?
• Was it easy or difficult to select an answer?
Seeking Information
Q35 Have you ever driven a vehicle (whether you personally owned the vehicle or not) that acted in a way that startled you?
Yes
No
Don't know INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • What first comes to mind when you were asked this question? PROBE – allow the respondent to come up with an answer. If they have trouble, probe to try to find out if it was a specific event that occurred while they were driving or in some other occurrence. The next few questions below will ask you how you seek information regarding concerns about your vehicle. Please select the option that best describes you. If you are unsure you may answer "Don't know".
Q36 Did you seek information to understand why your vehicle behaved the way it did?
Yes
No
Don't know
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • What first comes to mind when you read “seek information”? 48 • PROBE – trying to see if they think collecting information/gathering information or if they are looking into sources, etc?
Q37 In the past, when your vehicle has responded in a way you did not understand, did you use any resources below to seek information? Please select all that apply:
Internet - Google or other type of search
Online video (YouTube, Google Video, etc)
Online forums
Contacted my local mechanic
Visited my local mechanic
Contacted dealership I purchased the vehicle from
Visited the dealership
Visited a dealership of my car's brand
Contacted the manufacturer
Checked the manufacturer's website
Books
Brochures, pamphlets
Used social media (Facebook, Twitter, etc)
Read the owner's manual
Asked friends or family
I just learned by trial and error
None of the above
Other, specify:
Don't know
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS
• In your own words, what do you believe this question is asking you about?
• How easy or difficult was it to select an answer from the options provided? Why?
• Are there any categories missing from the options provided or do they cover everything? What is missing?
Q38 Of the resources you checked above, please rank those as the most helpful in assisting you to understand the problem with your vehicle. INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS If they answered this question, ask them how they were able to interface with the ranking system. Did it make sense, what the question was asking them to do? Did they know to rank 1 as the most helpful?
» Internet - Google or other type of search 49 » Online video (YouTube, Google Video, etc)
» Online forums
» Contacted my local mechanic
» Visited my local mechanic
» Contacted dealership I purchased the vehicle from
» Visited the dealership
50 » Visited a dealership of my car's brand
» Contacted the manufacturer
» Checked the manufacturer's website
» Books
» Brochures, pamphlets
» Used social media (Facebook, Twitter, etc)
» Read the owner's manual
» Asked friends or family
» I just learned by trial and error
» None of the above
» Other, specify:
» Don't know
Q39 In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any of the sources below would you access to understand the problem?
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS
• In your own words, what do you believe this question is asking about? (NOTE TO INTERVIEWERS – want to make sure that respondents are noticing the difference between this question and Q37. NOTE – respondents receive Q37, if they reported their vehicle acting in a surprising manner. However, ALL respondents receive Q39).
• How easy or difficult was it to select an answer from the options provided? Why?
• Are there any categories missing from the options provided or do they cover everything? What is missing?
Internet - Google or other type of search
Online video (YouTube, Google Video, etc)
Online forums
Contacted my local mechanic
Contacted dealership I purchased the vehicle from
Visited the dealership
Visited a dealership of my car's brand
Contacted the manufacturer
Checked the manufacturer's website
Books 51 Brochures, pamphlets
Used social media (Facebook, Twitter, etc)
Read the owner's manual
Asked friends or family
I just learned by trial and error
None of the above
Other, specify:
52 Q40 Below are symbols that you have may seen displayed in the dashboard of your vehicle. If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the option that best represents when you contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol:
Less than a Longer than Same day 2-3 days week 2 Weeks 1 month a month Don't know
53 INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • Did you recognize these symbols?
• For those that you did not recognize did you just answer ‘Don’t Know’
• Did this chart make sense to you?
• Were there any choices missing? Was it easy to select an answer choice?
Q41 Have you ever checked the owner's manual for any problems you were having with your vehicle?
No interviewer questions Yes
No
Don't know
Q42 When you used the owner's manual for a problem, can you briefly describe the problem? If you do not know, please write 'DK' in the answer box.
Q43 If you were to purchase a new vehicle and the below technologies were available at an additional cost, please indicate the amount you add onto the purchase price to have the below technologies.
I would not pay additional for this technology $500 $1,000 $1,500 $2,500 >$5,000 Don't Know
Adaptive Cruise Control
Anti-lock brakes (ABS)
Blind Spot Detection
Forward Collision Warning
Lane Departure Warning
Back-up/rear-view camera
Back-up warning system (does not have a camera)
INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS
• In your own words, what do you believe this question is asking about? 54 • Was it easy for you to select an answer choice?
DEMOGRAPHICS – No interviewer questions – skip to end Interviewers- Thank you for going through the questions with me and providing your feedback. I just have a few more general questions to ask you regarding the survey. I have a copy of the entire survey available, if you want to flip back through it to recall anything.
• Before you took the survey did you have a different idea of “vehicle safety systems” versus after taking the survey?
• Do you think of your vehicle safety systems individually or as a component of the car?
• In general, were the section headings clear to you? Did they adequately describe what each section’s questions were about?
• Did any of the sections seem redundant?
• What sections of the survey did you really enjoy?
• What sections did you not enjoy and/or understand what the question was asking?
• Is there anything else regarding vehicle safety systems that you believe was not included in this survey that you believe should be included?
Thank you again for answering our questions. The interview is now complete! You may now check in with Ashley McDonald to receive your gift card.
Interviewer De-brief Please fill in the interviewer report regarding your interview with the respondent.
• Overall how did the survey go?
• Did the respondent seem frustrated or agitated throughout the survey or during particular questions? Things to look for: long pauses, confused looks, spending way too long or way too short a time on a question. Please elaborate
55 Appendix C: National Consumer Survey of Driving Safety Technologies
Survey Instrument
56 National Survey of Driving Safety: Online Survey Screenshots Sample Questions presented in the same order as questionnaire (no logic filters in the following presentation).
Consent.
Q1.
57 Q2.
Q2A.
58 Q3.
Q4.
59 Q5.
Q6.
60 Q7.
Q8.
61 Q11.
Q12.
62 Q13.
Q14.
63 Q16.
Q90.
64 Q17.
Q18.
65 Q19.
Q20-Q21
66 Q22.
Q23.
67 Q24.
Q25.
68 Q26.
Q27.
69 Q28.
Q29.
70 Q30.
Q31.
71 Q32.
Q33.
72 Q34.
Q35.
73 Q36.
Q37.
74 Q38.
Q39.
75 Q40.
76 Q41.
77 Q84.
Q85.
78 Q86.
Q87.
79 Q88.
Q89.
80 Q42.
Q43.
81 Q44
Q45.
82 Q46.
Q47.
83 Q48.
Q49.
84 Q50.
85 Q51.
86 Q52.
Q53.
87 Q54.
Q60.
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Appendix D: National Consumer Survey of Driving Safety Technologies
GfK National Survey Project Report
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The GfK Group Project Report for the National Consumer Driver Safety Survey
Submitted to: Ashley B. McDonald University of Iowa
Date submitted: October 23, 2014
GfK PROJECT DIRECTOR: Poom Nukulkij GfK ACCOUNT EXECUTIVE: Wendy Mansfield GfK PROJECT NUMBER: 310.111.00287.1
90 GfK Deliverable Authorization Printed Name Signature Date Title VP, Government and Sergei Rodkin, Ph.D. 10/23/2014 Academic Research
91 Study Design & Documentation
Introduction
The GfK Group (GfK) conducted the National Consumer Driver Safety survey behalf of the University of Iowa. Specifically, the study examined the experiences and knowledge about driving and automobiles in a national sample of adult respondents with driver’s licenses who drove at least 90 minutes per week.
Sample Definition, Field Period and Survey Length
The study was conducted on KnowledgePanel®, a probability-based web panel designed to be representative of the United States. The sample for this survey consisted of non- institutionalized general population adults (18+ year olds) who were screened in-field to determine whether they had a valid driver’s license and whether they drove at least 90 minutes per week. Those who did not meet both criteria were terminated from the study.
The survey was fielded in English in two stages: A Pretest survey and a Main survey. For each survey, GfK sampled randomly age eligible adults. Selected panel members for each survey received an email invitation to complete the survey and were asked to do so at their earliest convenience.
The Pretest survey was designed to test the functionality and length of the instrument in a small sample of approximately 25 panel members. The median completion time of the Pretest survey was 22 minutes. Upon review of the Pretest results, the Main survey was programmed using the Pretest as a basis. The median completion time of the Main survey was 24 minutes.
Upon completion of the survey, qualified members received a post-survey incentive worth a cash-equivalent of $5.
The final programmed Main survey instrument is shown in Appendix A.
The field periods, completion and qualification rates for the Pretest and Main surveys are presented below.
N Completion N Qualification Field Start Field End N Fielded Completed Rate Qualified* Rate Pretest 9/5/2014 9/10/2014 79 41 51.8% 28* 68.2% Main 9/12/2014 9/28/2014 4,278 2,772 64.8% 2,015 72.3%
92 * 27 qualified cases were delivered in the Pretest dataset. The remaining case completed after this data delivery.
Survey Cooperation Enhancements
Email reminders to non-responders were sent on day three of the field period for the Main survey. For the Main sample, two additional email reminders were sent, one at day 11 and another at day 14 prior to the end of data collection.
Data File Deliverables and Descriptions
For each survey, GfK prepared and delivered fully-formatted datasets containing the survey and demographic data with the appropriate variable and value labels. The table below shows the final Pretest and Main survey files delivered:
Inclusion of N Delivery Standard File Type File Name File Size Record Date Background s Demographics UnivofIowa_DriverSafety_Pretest_ 9/10/2014 SPSS SAV 410kb 27 Yes Client.sav UnivofIowa_DriverSafety_Main_Cl 5/27/2014 SPSS SAV 11.9Mb 2,015 Yes ient.sav
In addition to the survey variables from the Main interview, GfK’s standard profile variables, a set of additional profile variables, and a series of data processing variables created by GfK were provided in the data file. The following table shows the name and description of all variables included in the Main survey dataset.
Name Label CaseID Case ID tm_start Interview start time (GMT) tm_finish Interview finish time (GMT) duration Interview duration in minutes weight Post-Stratification weight QFLAG DOV: Qualification Flag Q2 Do you have a valid driver's license? Q2A Do you drive 90 minutes or more per week? In the last 7 days, how much time do you think you spent driving a vehicle, Q3 including trips on the weekend? Q4 Have you purchased or leased a brand new vehicle within the last year? Q5_1 [Make] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive? Q5_2 [Model] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive?
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Q5_3 [Specific Model Type] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive? Q5_4 [Year] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive? Q5_1_Refused [Refused - Make] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive? Q5_2_Refused [Refused - Model] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive? [Refused - Specific Model Type] What make and model of vehicle do you usually Q5_3_Refused drive? Q5_4_Refused [Refused - Year] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive? [Cruise Control] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features Q6_1 does your vehicle have? [Anti-lock braking system (ABS)] To the best of your knowledge, which of the Q6_2 following features does your vehicle have? [Traction control] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features Q6_3 does your vehicle have? [Back-up camera] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features Q6_4 does your vehicle have? [Back-up warning system (without camera view)] To the best of your knowledge, Q6_5 which of the following features does your vehicle have? [Blind spot alert system] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following Q6_6 features does your vehicle have? [Adaptive cruise control] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following Q6_7 features does your vehicle have? [Forward collision warning] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following Q6_8 features does your vehicle have? [Lane departure warning] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following Q6_9 features does your vehicle have? [Cruise Control] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard Q7_1 of. [Anti-lock braking system (ABS)] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that Q7_2 you have heard of. [Traction control] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard Q7_3 of. [Back-up camera] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard Q7_4 of. [Back-up warning system (without camera view)] Please check all vehicle safety Q7_5 technologies that you have heard of. [Blind spot alert system] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have Q7_6 heard of. [Adaptive cruise control] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have Q7_7 heard of. [Forward collision warning] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you Q7_8 have heard of.
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[Lane departure warning] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you Q7_9 have heard of. [None of the above] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have Q7_10 heard of. Q7_Refused [Refused] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of. Q11 Technologies that automatically drive the vehicle. Q12 Technologies that automatically park the vehicle. Technologies that warn or alert the driver to hazards using sound (beeps or bells,
for example). These types of systems include – forward collision warnings, Q13 pedestrian warnings, back-up cameras, back-up warning systems or lane departure warnings. Technologies that take control of the vehicle to avoid a crash by braking or Q14 steering. What concerns might you have about technologies that automatically drive the Q16 vehicle on the road? [Refused/DK] What concerns might you have about technologies that Q16_Refused automatically drive the vehicle on the road? What concerns might you have about technologies that automatically park the Q90 vehicle? [Refused/DK] What concerns might you have about technologies that Q90_Refused automatically park the vehicle? What concerns might you have about technologies that warn or alert you to Q17 hazards using sound (beeps or bells, for example)? [Refused/DK] What concerns might you have about technologies that warn or Q17_Refused alert you to hazards using sound (beeps or bells, for example)? What concerns might you have about technologies that take control of the vehicle Q18 to avoid a crash by braking or steering? [Refused/DK] What concerns might you have about technologies that take Q18_Refused control of the vehicle to avoid a crash by braking or steering? [Cruise control] Please check the response that reflects your understanding about Q21 the following vehicle safety technologies: Q22 [Cruise control] How confident are you that your answer is correct? [Anti-lock braking system (ABS)] Please check the response that reflects your Q23 understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies: [Anti-lock braking system (ABS)] How confident are you that your answer is Q24 correct? Q25 What does this symbol mean if you see it lit up on the dashboard? Q26 [Symbol on dashboard] How confident are you that your answer is correct?
[Back-up warning system (without a camera view)] Please check the response that Q27 reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:
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[Back-up warning system (without a camera view)] How confident are you that Q28 your answer is correct? [Back-up camera] Please check the response that reflects your understanding Q29 about the following vehicle safety technologies: Q30 [Back-up camera] How confident are you that your answer is correct? [Adaptive cruise control] Please check the response that reflects your Q31 understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies: Q32 [Adaptive cruise control] How confident are you that your answer is correct? [Blind spot alert system] Please check the response that reflects your Q33 understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies: Q34 [Blind spot alert system] How confident are you that your answer is correct? [Forward collision warning system] Please check the response that reflects your Q35 understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies: [Forward collision warning system] How confident are you that your answer is Q36 correct? [Lane departure warning system] Please check the response that reflects your Q37 understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies: [Lane departure warning system] How confident are you that your answer is Q38 correct? [A black box located in vehicles that would be able to identify what caused a crash] Q39_1 How much would you be interested in using each of the following? [Drowsiness and attention-assist technologies that warn the driver to stop if Q39_2 he/she is too tired to drive] How much would you be interested in using each of the following? [Science and technology make our way of life change too fast.] For each one, Q40_1 please rate how strongly you agree or disagree. [Scientists can be trusted to make the right decisions.] For each one, please rate Q40_2 how strongly you agree or disagree. [Technology, in general, can make the world a safer place.] For each one, please Q40_3 rate how strongly you agree or disagree. [I would describe myself as someone who embraces new technology.] For each Q40_4 one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree. [I frequently purchase the newest types of technology available.] For each one, Q40_5 please rate how strongly you agree or disagree. [I find working with computers very easy.] For each one, please rate how strongly Q40_6 you agree or disagree. [I always try to understand how a technology, that I use in my daily life works.] For Q40_7 each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree. [Driving when tired] How often do you think each of the following factors is the Q41_1 cause of drivers being involved in road crashes? [Drinking and driving] How often do you think each of the following factors is the Q41_2 cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?
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[Taking illegal drugs and driving] How often do you think each of the following Q41_3 factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes? [Driving while impaired by prescription drugs (drugs that were prescribed to the
driver, but with labels advising one should not drive while taking them)] How often Q41_4 do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road c [Driving while impaired by prescription drugs (drugs that were NOT prescribed to Q41_5 the driver)] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes? [Making/answering a call with handheld phone] How often do you think each of Q41_6 the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?
[Making/answering a call using hands-free technology] How often do you think Q41_7 each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?
[Texting and driving or using the phone for a purpose other than making a call] Q41_8 How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes? [Bad weather conditions] How often do you think each of the following factors is Q41_9 the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes? [Inexperience (less than 3 years driving)] How often do you think each of the Q41_10 following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes? [Teen drivers] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of Q41_11 drivers being involved in road crashes? [Drivers aged 65 - 79] How often do you think each of the following factors is the Q41_12 cause of drivers being involved in road crashes? [Drivers aged 80 and older] How often do you think each of the following factors is Q41_13 the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes? [Other drivers] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of Q41_14 drivers being involved in road crashes? [Vehicle malfunction] How often do you think each of the following factors is the Q41_15 cause of drivers being involved in road crashes? [Bad roadways (potholes, cracks, etc.)] How often do you think each of the Q41_16 following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes? What would happen to your vehicle if you were driving down the road and you Q84 shifted your vehicle into Park while the engine was on and in Drive?
[Refused/DK] What would happen to your vehicle if you were driving down the Q84_Refused road and you shifted your vehicle into Park while the engine was on and in Drive?
What would happen to your vehicle if you were driving down the road and you Q85 shifted your vehicle into Neutral while the engine was on and in Drive?
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[Refused/DK] What would happen to your vehicle if you were driving down the Q85_Refused road and you shifted your vehicle into Neutral while the engine was on and in Drive? Q86 The vehicle I drive most often has: What would happen to your vehicle if while the vehicle was in Drive, you pushed Q87 the button to turn off the engine? [Refused/DK] What would happen to your vehicle if while the vehicle was in Drive, Q87_Refused you pushed the button to turn off the engine? What would happen to your vehicle if while the vehicle was in Drive, you turned Q88 the key to turn off the engine? [Refused/DK] What would happen to your vehicle if while the vehicle was in Drive, Q88_Refused you turned the key to turn off the engine?
[Gas pedal] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems Q89_1 you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
[Brakes] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you Q89_2 believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off. [Anti-lock braking system] Referring to the situation we just described, please Q89_3 check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off. [Ignition (Push button/key ignition)] Referring to the situation we just described, Q89_4 please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off. [Gears (will still shift)] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all Q89_5 systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off. [Emergency brake] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all Q89_6 systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off. [Power steering] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all Q89_7 systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
[Headlights] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems Q89_8 you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
[Interior lights] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all Q89_9 systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off. [Emergency hazard lights (flashers)] Referring to the situation we just described, Q89_10 please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
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[Airbags] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you Q89_11 believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off. [Seatbelts (will still tighten)] Referring to the situation we just described, please Q89_12 check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
[Don't know] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems Q89_13 you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
[Refused] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you Q89_Refused believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
Do you think of your vehicle as a means of transportation, or as something Q42 special–more than just a way to get around? Q43 Do you spend your personal time working on or restoring older vehicles? Do you like to keep up on the latest types of vehicle trends including new vehicle Q44 features, technologies, and other new market trends? [I type and read text messages while driving a vehicle.] Please read the statements Q45_1 below and select the answer that best describes you. [I talk on a cell phone (NOT hands-free) while driving a vehicle.] Please read the Q45_2 statements below and select the answer that best describes you. [I talk on a cell phone (hands-free) while driving a vehicle.] Please read the Q45_3 statements below and select the answer that best describes you. [I drive over the speed limit.] Please read the statements below and select the Q45_4 answer that best describes you. [I believe the driver is the most important component of safe driving.] Please read Q45_5 the statements below and select the answer that best describes you. [I believe the vehicle is the most important component of safe driving.] Please Q45_6 read the statements below and select the answer that best describes you. Please rate how strongly you agree or disagree with the following statement. In Q46 general, over the past 10 years, the number of people killed in car crashes in the United States has been declining. [Motor vehicle crashes are often accidents that cannot be avoided.] Please read Q47_1 the statements and rate how strongly you agree or disagree. [Motor vehicle crashes can often be avoided through safe driving habits.] Please Q47_2 read the statements and rate how strongly you agree or disagree. [Motor vehicle crashes are about an equal mix of crashes that could and could not Q47_3 be avoided.] Please read the statements and rate how strongly you agree or disagree. [Motor vehicle crashes can be less severe with safety systems in your vehicle.] Q47_4 Please read the statements and rate how strongly you agree or disagree. Have you ever driven a vehicle (whether you personally owned it or not) that acted Q48 in a way that startled you or that you did not expect?
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Q49 Did you seek information to understand why the vehicle behaved the way it did?
[Internet - Google or other type of search] In the future, if you found yourself in a
situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, Q50_1 if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem? [Online video (YouTube, Car company video, etc.)] In the future, if you found
yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not Q50_2 understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the proble [Online forums] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your Q50_3 vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
[Contact my local mechanic] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation Q50_4 where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
[Contact dealership I purchased the vehicle from] In the future, if you found
yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not Q50_5 understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the proble [Visit the dealership] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your Q50_6 vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem? [Visit a dealership of my vehicle's brand] In the future, if you found yourself in a
situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, Q50_7 if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
[Contact the manufacturer] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where Q50_8 your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
[Check the manufacturer's website] In the future, if you found yourself in a
situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, Q50_9 if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem? [Government safety website (i.e. - National Transportation Safety Board,
safercar.gov, etc.)] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your Q50_10 vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below
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[Books] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle Q50_11 reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
[Brochures, pamphlets] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where Q50_12 your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
[Social media (Facebook, Twitter, etc.)] In the future, if you found yourself in a
situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, Q50_13 if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
[Read the owner's manual] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where Q50_14 your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
[Ask friends or family] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your Q50_15 vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
[Learn by trial and error] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where Q50_16 your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
[None of the above] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your Q50_17 vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem? [Other, specify] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your Q50_18 vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem? [Refused] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle Q50_Refused reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem? [Text] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted Q50_Text in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem? [ABS symbol] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the option Q51_ABS that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol: [Airbag symbol] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the Q51_Airbag option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol:
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[Check enginne light] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select Q51_Engine the option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol: [Check oil light] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the Q51_Oil option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol: [Tire pressure] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the Q51_Tire option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol: [Traction control] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the Q51_Traction option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol: Have you ever checked the owner's manual for any problems you were having Q52 with your vehicle? When you used the owner's manual for a problem, can you briefly describe the Q53 problem? [Refused/DK] When you used the owner's manual for a problem, can you briefly Q53_Refused describe the problem? Q54_1 [Adaptive cruise control] Adaptive cruise control Q54_2 [Blind spot detection] Blind spot detection Q54_3 [Forward collision warning] Forward collision warning Q54_4 [Lane departure warning] Lane departure warning [Drowsiness and attention-assist technologies] Drowsiness and attention-assist Q54_5 technologies Q54_6 [Back-up warning system] Back-up warning system Q54_7 [Back-up camera] Back-up camera Q60 What is the population of the metropolitan area you live in? PPAGE Age ppagecat Age - 7 Categories ppagect4 Age - 4 Categories PPEDUC Education (Highest Degree Received) PPEDUCAT Education (Categorical) PPETHM Race / Ethnicity PPGENDER Gender PPHHHEAD Household Head PPHHSIZE Household Size PPHOUSE Housing Type PPINCIMP Household Income PPMARIT Marital Status PPMSACAT MSA Status PPREG4 Region 4 - Based on State of Residence ppreg9 Region 9 - Based on State of Residence
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PPRENT Ownership Status of Living Quarters PPSTATEN State PPT01 Presence of Household Members - Children 0-1 PPT25 Presence of Household Members - Children 2-5 PPT612 Presence of Household Members - Children 6-12 PPT1317 Presence of Household Members - Children 13-17 PPT18OV Presence of Household Members - Adults 18+ PPWORK Current Employment Status PPNET HH Internet Access
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Key Personnel
Key personnel on the study include:
Wendy Mansfield – Vice President, Research Development. W. Mansfield is based in Washington, D.C. Phone number: (202) 686-0933 Email: [email protected]
Poom Nukulkij – Senior Research Director, Government & Academic Research. P. Nukulkij is based in Chicago, IL. Phone number: (312) 281-2473 Email: [email protected]
Ying Wang – Senior Research Associate, Government & Academic Research. Y. Wang is based in Palo Alto, CA. Phone number: (650) 285-6610 Email: [email protected]
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GfK Methodology
Introduction
The GfK Group (formerly Knowledge Networks) is passionate about research in marketing, media, health, and social policy. We collaborate closely with client teams throughout the research process, while applying rigor in everything we do. We specialize in innovative online research that consistently gives leaders in business, government, and academia the confidence to make important decisions. GfK delivers affordable, statistically valid online research through KnowledgePanel® and leverages a variety of other assets, such as world-class advanced analytics, an industry-leading physician panel, an innovative platform for measuring online ad effectiveness, and a research-ready behavioral database of frequent supermarket and drug store shoppers.
GfK has recruited the first online research panel that is representative of the entire U.S. population. Panel members are randomly recruited through probability-based sampling, and households are provided with access to the Internet and hardware if needed.
GfK recruits panel members by using address-based sampling methods [formerly GfK relied on random-digit dialing methods]. Once household members are recruited for the panel and assigned to a study sample, they are notified by email for survey taking, or panelists can visit their online member page for survey taking (instead of being contacted by telephone or postal mail). This allows surveys to be fielded very quickly and economically. In addition, this approach reduces the burden placed on respondents, since email notification is less intrusive than telephone calls, and most respondents find answering Web questionnaires more interesting and engaging than being questioned by a telephone interviewer. Furthermore, respondents have the convenience to choose what time of day to complete their assigned survey.
Documentation regarding KnowledgePanel sampling, data collection procedures, weighting, and IRB-bearing issues are available at the below online resources. • http://www.knowledgenetworks.com/ganp/reviewer-info.html • http://www.knowledgenetworks.com/knpanel/index.html • http://www.knowledgenetworks.com/ganp/irbsupport/
The GfK Group The GfK Group has a strong tradition in working with sophisticated academic, government, and commercial researchers to provide high quality research, samples, and analyses. The larger GfK Group offers the fundamental knowledge for governmental agencies, academics, industries, industry, retailers, services companies and the media need to provide exceptional quality in research to make effective decisions. It delivers a comprehensive range of information and consultancy services. GfK is one of the leading survey research organizations worldwide, operating in more than 100 countries with over 12,000 research staff. In 2012, the GfK Group’s sales amounted to EUR 1.51 billion.
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For further information, visit our website: www.gfk.com.
KnowledgePanel Methodology Information Complete and current information about KnowledgePanel sampling and recruitment methodology and design is available at http://marketing.gfkamerica.com/knowledgenetworks/knpanel/docs/KnowledgePanel(R)- Design-Summary-Description.pdf
KnowledgePanel’s probability-based recruitment was originally based exclusively on a national RDD frame. In April 2009, in response to the growing number of cellphone-only households that are outside of the RDD frame, GfK migrated to using an ABS frame for selecting panel members. This probability-based methodology improves population coverage. Currently, approximately 40% of panel members were recruited through RDD, while 60% were recruited using ABS. For both ABS and RDD recruitment, households without an Internet connection were provided with a web-enabled device and free Internet service. After initially accepting the invitation to join the panel, participants are asked to complete a short demographic survey (the initial profile survey); answers to these questions allow efficient panel sampling and weighting for surveys. Completion of the profile survey allows participants to become panel members. These procedures were established for the RDD-recruited panel members and continued with ABS recruited panel members. Respondents sampled from the RDD and ABS frames are provided the same privacy terms and confidentiality protections.
ABS Recruitment.
ABS involves probability-based sampling of addresses from the U.S. Postal Service’s Delivery Sequence File. The key advantage of the ABS sample frame is that it allows sampling of almost all U.S. households. An estimated 97% of households are “covered” in sampling nomenclature. Regardless of household telephone status, those households can be reached and contacted through postal mail. In late 2009 the ABS sample began incorporating a geographic stratification design. Census blocks with high density minority communities were oversampled (Stratum 1), and the balance of the census blocks (Stratum 2) were relatively under-sampled. The definition of high density and minority community and the relative proportion between strata differed among specific ABS samples. In 2010, the two strata were redefined to target high density Hispanic areas in Stratum 1 and all else in Stratum 2. In 2011, pre-identified ancillary information, rather than census block data, were used to construct and target four strata as follows: Hispanic ages 18-24, non-Hispanic ages 18-24, Hispanic ages 25+, and non- Hispanic ages 25+. Also in 2011, a separate sample targeting only persons ages 18-24 was fielded across the year, again using predictive ancillary information. Combined with the four- stratum sample, the base weight adjustment compensates for cases from this unique young adult oversample. In 2012, a similar four-stratum design was implemented, with the ages changed to 18-29 and 30+ for both the Hispanic and non-Hispanic strata. For every survey
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sample, an appropriate base weight adjustment is applied to each relevant sample to correct for these stratified designs.
Randomly sampled addresses are invited to join KnowledgePanel through a series of mailings, including an initial invitation letter, a reminder postcard, and a subsequent follow-up letter. Approximately 45% of the physical addresses selected for the sample can be matched to a corresponding valid telephone number. About 5 weeks after the initial mailing, telephone refusal-conversion calls are made to households for whom a telephone number was matched to the sampled address. Invited households can join the panel by:
• Completing and mailing back a paper form in a postage-paid envelope • Calling a toll-free hotline phone number maintained by GfK • Going to a designated GfK website and completing the recruitment form at the website
RDD Recruitment.
For panel members who were recruited using RDD-based sampling (pre-April 2009), list-assisted RDD sampling techniques were used on the sample frame consisting of the entire U.S. residential telephone population. Only banks of telephone numbers (each consisting of 100 telephone numbers) that had zero or one directory-listed phone numbers were excluded. Two strata were defined using 2000 Census Decennial Census data which were appended to all telephone exchanges. The first stratum had a higher concentration of Black and Hispanic households, and the second stratum had a lower concentration of these groups relative to the national estimates. Telephone numbers were selected with equal probability of selection for each number within each of the two strata, with the higher concentration Black and Hispanic stratum being sampled at approximately twice the rate of the other stratum. The sampling was done without replacement to ensure that numbers already fielded would not be fielded again.
A valid postal address was recovered for about 60%-70% of all telephone numbers in the selected samples. The telephone numbers for which an address was recovered were selected with certainty. Until May 2007, between one-half and one-third of the remainder was subsampled randomly, depending on the recruitment period. From May 2007 to March 2009, subsampling was done at a rate of 75% for those households without a physical address. The households for which there was an address-matched telephone number received an advance mailing, typically 7 to 9 days before the recruitment telephone call. The letter informed them that they had been selected to participate in KnowledgePanel®.
Following the advance letter, the telephone recruitment process began ford all sample phone numbers. Cases sent to telephone interviewers were dialed for up to 90 days, with at least 10 dial attempts when no one answered the phone and when phone numbers were known to be associated with households. Extensive refusal conversion was also performed. Experienced interviewers conducted all recruitment interviews. The recruitment interview, which typically
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required about 10 minutes, began with the interviewer informing the household member that they had been selected to join KnowledgePanel.
Household Member Recruitment.
For all recruitment efforts, during the initial recruitment survey, all household members are enumerated. Following enumeration, attempts are made to recruit every household member who is at least 13 years old to participate in KnowledgePanel surveys. For household members aged 13 to 17, consent is collected from the parents or the legal guardian during the initial recruitment interview (detailed in section below - Procedures for Obtaining Consent for Surveys with Minors). If no consent is given, no further direct communication with the teenagers is attempted.
Survey Sampling from KnowledgePanel Once panel members are recruited and profiled, they become eligible for selection for client surveys. In most cases, the specific survey sample represents a simple random sample from the panel, for example, a general population survey. Customized stratified random sampling based on profile data can also be conducted as required by the study design.
The general sampling rule is to assign no more than one survey per week to individual members. Allowing for rare exceptions during some weeks, this limits a member’s total assignments per month to four or six surveys. In certain cases, a survey sample calls for pre- screening, that is, members are drawn from a subsample of the panel (such as females, Republicans, grocery shoppers, etc.). In such cases, care is taken to ensure that all subsequent survey samples drawn that week are selected in such a way as to result in a sample that remains representative of the panel distributions.
Survey Administration Once assigned to a survey, members receive a notification email letting them know there is a new survey available for them to take. This email notification contains a link that sends them to the survey questionnaire. No login name or password is required. The field period depends on the client’s needs and can range anywhere from a few hours to several weeks.
After three days, automatic email reminders are sent to all non-responding panel members in the sample. If email reminders do not generate a sufficient response, an automated telephone reminder call can be initiated. The usual protocol is to wait at least three to four days after the email reminder before calling. To assist panel members with their survey taking, each individual has a personalized “home page” that lists all the surveys that were assigned to that member and have yet to be completed.
GfK also operates an ongoing modest incentive program to encourage participation and create member loyalty. Members can enter special raffles or can be entered into special sweepstakes with both cash rewards and other prizes to be won.
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The typical survey commitment for panel members is one survey per week or four per month with duration of 10 to 15 minutes per survey. In the case of longer surveys, an additional incentive is typically provided.
Sample Weighting Significant resources and infrastructure are devoted to the recruitment process for KnowledgePanel so that the resulting panel can properly represent the adult population of the United States. This representation is not only achieved with respect to a broad set of geodemographic distributions, but also hard-to-reach adults – such as those without landline telephone or Spanish language dominant individuals – are recruited in proper proportions as well. Consequently, the raw distribution of KnowledgePanel mirrors that of the U.S. adults fairly closely, baring occasional disparities that may emerge for certain subgroups due to differential attrition rates among recruited panel members.
For the selection of general population samples from KnowledgePanel, however, a patented methodology has been developed that ensures the resulting samples behave as EPSEM (equal probability selection method). Briefly, this methodology starts by weighting the entire KnowledgePanel to the benchmarks secured from the latest March supplement of the Current Population Survey (CPS) along several dimensions. This way, the weighted distribution of KnowledgePanel perfectly matches that of the U.S. adults – even with respect to the above mentioned few dimensions where minor misalignments may result due to differential attrition rates. The geodemographic dimensions used for weighting the entire KnowledgePanel include:
• Gender (Male/Female) • Age (18–29, 30–44, 45–59, and 60+) • Race/Hispanic ethnicity (White/Non-Hispanic, Black/Non-Hispanic, Other/Non-Hispanic, 2+ Races/Non-Hispanic, Hispanic) • Education (Less than High School, High School, Some College, Bachelor and beyond) • Census Region (Northeast, Midwest, South, West) • Household income (under $10k, $10K to <$25k, $25K to <$50k, $50K to <$75k, $75K to <$100k, $100K+) • Home ownership status (Own, Rent/Other) • Metropolitan Area (Yes, No) • Internet Access (Yes, No)
Using the above weights as the measure of size (MOS) for each panel member, in the next step a PPS (probability proportional to size) procedure is used to select study specific samples. It is the application of this PPS methodology with the above MOS values that produces fully self- weighing samples from KnowledgePanel, for which each sample member can carry a design weight of unity. Moreover, in instances where the study design has required any form of oversampling of specific subgroups, such departures from an EPSEM design are corrected by
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adjusting the corresponding design weights accordingly with the CPS benchmarks serving as reference points.
Study-Specific Final Weights
Once the study sample has been selected and fielded, and all the survey data are edited and made final, design weights are adjusted for any survey nonresponse as well as any under- or over-coverage imposed by the study-specific sample design. Depending on the specific target population for a given study, geodemographic distributions for the corresponding population are obtained from the Current Population Survey, American Community Survey, or in certain instances from the weighted KnowledgePanel profile data. For this purpose an iterative proportional fitting (raking) procedure is used to produce final weights that will be aligned with respect to all study benchmark distributions simultaneously.
For this study, the following benchmark distributions were used for the raking adjustment of weights for adults:
• Gender (Male/Female) by Age (18–29, 30–44, 45–59, and 60+) • Race/Hispanic ethnicity (White/Non-Hispanic, Black/Non-Hispanic, Other/Non-Hispanic, Hispanic) • Education (High School or less, Some College, Bachelors and higher) • Household income (under <$25k, $25K to <$50k, $50K to <$75k, $75K+) • Census Region (Northeast, Midwest, South, West) by Metropolitan Status (Metro, Nonmetro) • Household internet access (Yes, No)
In the final step, calculated weights were examined to identify and, if necessary, trim outliers at the extreme upper and lower tails of the weight distribution. The resulting weights are then scaled to the sum of the total sample size of all eligible (qualified) respondents.
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Appendix A: Final Programmed Questionnaire
National Consumer Driver Safety. August, 2014 - Study Details -
Note: This page may be removed when the questionnaire is sent to the client. However, it must exist in the version sent to OSD.
SNO S18998 Survey Name National Consumer Survey of Driving Safety Client Name University of Iowa G&A WBS 310.111.00287.1 Project Director Name Poom Nukulkij Team/Area Name G&A
Samvar (Include name, type and response values. “None” means none. Blank means standard demos. This must match SurveyMan.) Specified Pre-coding Required Timing Template Required (y/n) Enabled by default Multi-Media
Important: Do not change Question numbers after Version 1; to add a new question, use alpha characters (e.g., 3a, 3b, 3c.) Changing question numbers will cause delays and potentially errors in the program.
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National Consumer Survey of Driving Safety. August, 2014 - Questionnaire -
[DISPLAY] Thank you for continuing to be a part of the KnowledgePanel®. We invite you to participate in a research study being conducted by investigators from the University of Iowa, Public Policy Center. The purpose of the study is to understand how you think about vehicle safety features and skills you use to stay safe on the road.
If you agree to participate, we would like you to complete the online questionnaire. As with all KnowledgePanel® surveys, your response to this survey, or any individual question on the survey, is completely voluntary. It will take approximately 20 minutes of your time.
You will be compensated 5,000 bonus points worth $5.00 as a token of appreciation for your time.
We will not collect your name or any identifying information about you. It will not be possible to link you to your responses on the survey.
Taking part in this research study is completely voluntary. If you do not wish to participate in this study, you may simply exit out of your Internet browser.
If you have questions about your rights as a participant in this survey, or are dissatisfied at any time with any aspect of the survey, you may contact the KnowledgePanel Panel Member Support at 800-782-6899.
If you have any questions about the rights of research subjects, please contact the Human Subjects Office, 105 Hardin Library for the Health Sciences, 600 Newton Rd, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1098, (319) 335-6564 or email [email protected].
Thank you very much for your consideration of this research study.
[DISPLAY] Q1. Welcome to the National Survey of Consumer Driving Safety! This survey will take approximately 20 minutes of your time. We will ask you questions about vehicle safety features and skills you use to stay safe on the road. This survey is not a test. Your responses are completely confidential and there are no right or wrong answers.
[SP] Q2. Do you have a valid driver's license?
Yes ...... 1 No ...... 2
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[IF Q2=2 OR REFUSED TERMINATE]
[SP] Q2A. Do you drive 90 minutes or more per week?
Yes ...... 1 No ...... 2
[IF Q2=2 OR REFUSED TERMINATE]
[SP] Q3. In the last 7 days, how much time do you think you spent driving a vehicle, including trips on the weekend?
Less than an hour ...... 1 1-2 hours ...... 2 2-3 hours ...... 3 3-4 hours ...... 4 Over 4 hours ...... 5 Don't know ...... 6
[SP] Q4. Have you purchased or leased a brand new vehicle within the last year?
Yes ...... 1 No ...... 2 Don't know ...... 3
[GRID, TEXT BOX] Q5. What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive? If you do not know, please write 'Don't know' in the answer box.
1. Make: (for example, Chevrolet, Volvo, Toyota, GM, Ford, Volkswagen, [TEXT BOX] etc.) 2. Model: (for example, Impala, XC70, Camry, Passat, etc.) [TEXT BOX] 3. Specific Model Type: (for example, Ford Focus SE, Chevrolet Malibu [TEXT BOX] Class, Toyota Corolla Sport) 4. Year: (1999, 2005, etc.) [NUMBER BOX, RANGE 1900-2014]
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[GRID, SP SCROSS] [SHOW EACH DEFINITION IN THE RESPONSE OPTIONS AS A MOUSEOVER (IN THE APPENDIX).] Q6. To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have? Move your mouse cursor over the word to view a basic definition of the technology.
About equal Almost Almost likelihood it Does not Does have certainly does certainly has does or does have this this feature not have this this feature not have this feature feature feature 1 2 3 4 5
1. Cruise Control 2. Anti-lock braking system (ABS) 3. Traction control 4. Back-up camera 5. Back-up warning system (without camera view) 6. Blind spot alert system 7. Adaptive cruise control 8. Forward collision warning 9. Lane departure warning
[MP] Q7. Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of (including those you've interacted with, experienced as a passenger, seen on a commercial or heard about elsewhere).
Cruise control ...... 1 Anti-lock braking system (ABS) ...... 2 Back-up camera ...... 3 Back-up warning system (without camera view) ...... 4 Blind spot alert system ...... 5 Adaptive cruise control ...... 6 Forward collision warning ...... 7 Lane departure warning ...... 8 None of the above [SP] ...... 9
[DISPLAY] Q8. On the next page are statements regarding your general level of comfort with several technologies. Some of these systems are only in the design stage and are not widely available. We are interested in your answers regardless of whether or not you own or
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have driven a vehicle with these features. If you are unsure or don't know, please answer, 'Don't know'.
[DISPLAY] Q9. Please indicate your general level of comfort with each of the following types of vehicle safety technologies.
[SP, SHOW Q9 AND Q11 ON THE SAME PAGE] Q11. Technologies that automatically drive the vehicle.
1 Very comfortable ...... 1 2 ...... 2 3 ...... 3 4 ...... 4 5 Very uncomfortable ...... 5 Don't know ...... 6
[SP] Q12. Technologies that automatically park the vehicle.
1 Very comfortable ...... 1 2 ...... 2 3 ...... 3 4 ...... 4 5 Very uncomfortable ...... 5 Don't know ...... 6
[SP] Q13. Technologies that warn or alert the driver to hazards using sound (beeps or bells, for example). These types of systems include – forward collision warnings, pedestrian warnings, back-up cameras, back-up warning systems or lane departure warnings.
1 Very comfortable ...... 1 2 ...... 2 3 ...... 3 4 ...... 4 5 Very uncomfortable ...... 5 Don't know ...... 6
[SP] Q14. Technologies that take control of the vehicle to avoid a crash by braking or steering.
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1 Very comfortable ...... 1 2 ...... 2 3 ...... 3 4 ...... 4 5 Very uncomfortable ...... 5 Don't know ...... 6
[IF Q11=4 OR 5] [LARGE TEXT BOX] Q16. What concerns might you have about technologies that automatically drive the vehicle on the road? If you do not know, please click 'Don't know' below the answer box.
[IF Q12=4 OR 5] [LARGE TEXT BOX] Q90. What concerns might you have about technologies that automatically park the vehicle? If you do not know, please click 'Don't know' below the answer box.
[IF Q13=4 OR 5] [LARGE TEXT BOX] Q17. What concerns might you have about technologies that warn or alert you to hazards using sound (beeps or bells, for example). These types of systems include – forward collision warnings, pedestrian warnings, back-up cameras, back-up warnings or lane departure warnings? If you do not know, please click 'Don't know' below the answer box.
[IF Q14=4 OR 5] [LARGE TEXT BOX] Q18. What concerns might you have about technologies that take control of the vehicle to avoid a crash by braking or steering? If you do not know, please click 'Don't know' below the answer box.
[DISPLAY] Q19. The next items ask you for your understanding of how vehicle safety technologies work. Please check the response that comes closest to your understanding. If you don’t know or are unsure, please answer "I am unsure of the correct response".
[DISPLAY] Q20. Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:
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[SP, SHOW Q20 AND Q21 ON THE SAME SCREEN] Q21. Cruise control:
Can be turned on by touching the gas pedal ...... 1 Can be turned off by touching the brake pedal ...... 2 Will turn itself off when the vehicle gets too close to a slower moving vehicle ...... 3 I am unsure of the correct response ...... 4
[IF Q21=1-3] [GRID, SP ACROSS] Q22. How confident are you that your answer is correct?
Not confident 1 2 3 4 Extremely at all/ confident/ Totally Answered guessing based on 0 experience 5 0 1 2 3 4 5
1. Cruise control
[SP] Q23. Anti-lock braking system (ABS):
Works best when the driver pumps the brakes ...... 1 Works best when the driver firmly applies and holds the brakes ...... 2 Provides mechanical noises and pulsations to alert the driver the anti-lock braking system is NOT working ...... 3 I am unsure of the correct response ...... 4
[IF Q23=1-3] [GRID, SP ACROSS] Q24. How confident are you that your answer is correct?
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Not confident 1 2 3 4 Extremely at all/ confident/ Totally Answered guessing based on 0 experience 5 0 1 2 3 4 5
1. Anti-lock braking system (ABS)
[SHOW TIRE PRESSURE IMAGE ABOVE THE QUESTION] [SP] Q25. What does this symbol mean if you see it lit up on the dashboard?
The vehicle needs an oil change ...... 1 One of the tires needs air ...... 2 A headlight is burned out ...... 3 I am unsure of the correct response ...... 4
[IF Q25=1-3] [GRID, SP ACROSS] Q26. How confident are you that your answer is correct?
Not confident 1 2 3 4 Extremely at all/ confident/ Totally Answered guessing based on 0 experience 5 0 1 2 3 4 5
1. Symbol on dashboard
[SP] Q27. Back-up warning system (without a camera view):
Alerts the driver there are possible metal objects located behind the vehicle ...... 1 Alerts the driver there are possible objects located behind the vehicle ...... 2 Alerts the driver every time an object is located behind the vehicle when the vehicle is in drive ...... 3
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I am unsure of the correct response ...... 4
[IF Q27=1-3] [GRID, SP ACROSS] Q28. How confident are you that your answer is correct?
Not confident 1 2 3 4 Extremely at all/ confident/ Totally Answered guessing based on 0 experience 5 0 1 2 3 4 5
1. Back-up warning system (without camera view)
[SP] Q29. Back-up camera:
Alerts the driver every time an object is located behind the vehicle when the vehicle is in drive ...... 1 Only works during the day light hours ...... 2 Provides a view of the area behind the vehicle through a video display in the vehicle ...... 3 I am unsure of the correct response ...... 4
[IF Q29=1-3] [GRID, SP ACROSS] Q30. How confident are you that your answer is correct?
Not confident 1 2 3 4 Extremely at all/ confident/ Totally Answered guessing based on 0 experience 5 0 1 2 3 4 5
1. Back-up camera
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[SP] Q31. Adaptive cruise control:
Adjusts the speed of the vehicle based on weather conditions ...... 1 Requires the driver to turn on the system and set the desired following distance to vehicles ahead ...... 2 Adjusts the speed of the vehicle by using the navigation system to know the roadway speed limit ...... 3 I am unsure of the correct response ...... 4
[IF Q31=1-3] [GRID, SP ACROSS] Q32. How confident are you that your answer is correct?
Not confident 1 2 3 4 Extremely at all/ confident/ Totally Answered guessing based on 0 experience 5 0 1 2 3 4 5
Adaptive cruise control
[SP] Q33. Blind spot alert system:
Alerts the driver there are objects located behind the vehicle ...... 1 Alerts the driver they are located in the blind spot of another vehicle ...... 2 Alerts the driver every time a passing vehicle is located in the blind spot of their vehicle ...... 3 I am unsure of the correct response ...... 4
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[IF Q33=1-3] [GRID, SP ACROSS] Q34. How confident are you that your answer is correct?
Not confident 1 2 3 4 Extremely at all/ confident/ Totally Answered guessing based on 0 experience 5 0 1 2 3 4 5
Blind spot alert system
[SP] Q35. Forward collision warning system:
Alerts the driver whenever the vehicle gets close to another vehicle or object, such as when you pull up behind someone in a drive-through lane ...... 1 Alerts the driver when a vehicle in front of you is stopped ...... 2 Alerts the driver when the system detects a stopped vehicle or object moving more slowly than their vehicle ...... 3 I am unsure of the correct response ...... 4
[IF Q35=1-3] [GRID, SP ACROSS] Q36. How confident are you that your answer is correct?
Not confident 1 2 3 4 Extremely at all/ confident/ Totally Answered guessing based on 0 experience 5 0 1 2 3 4 5
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1. Forward collision warning system
[SP] Q37. Lane departure warning system:
Alerts the driver when they are taking a curve too fast and are about to go off the road ...... 1 Alerts the driver when they are about to drift out of their lane in either direction ...... 2 Alerts the driver the vehicle alongside them is drifting out of their lane ...... 3 I am unsure of the correct response ...... 4
[IF Q37=1-3]
[GRID, SP ACROSS] Q38. How confident are you that your answer is correct?
Not confident 1 2 3 4 Extremely at all/ confident/ Totally Answered guessing based on 0 experience 5 0 1 2 3 4 5
1. Lane departure warning
[GRID, SP ACROSS] Q39. How much would you be interested in using each of the following?
Very Somewhat Not very Not at all Neutral Don't know interested interested interested interested 1 2 3 4 5 6
1. A “black box” located in vehicles that would be able to identify what caused a crash 2. Drowsiness and attention-assist technologies that warn the driver to stop if he/she is too tired to drive
[GRID, SP ACROSS] Q40. Below are several statements regarding your beliefs about technology. For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.
Strongly Somewhat Somewhat Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Agree Agree Disagree Disagree
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1. Science and technology make our way of life change too fast. 2. Scientists can be trusted to make the right decisions. 3. Technology, in general, can make the world a safer place. 4. I would describe myself as someone who embraces new technology. 5. I frequently purchase the newest types of technology available. 6. I find working with computers very easy. 7. I always try to understand how a technology, that I use in my daily life works.
[GRID, SP ACROSS]
Q41. How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes? Please answer for all crashes in general, not necessarily crashes you may have been involved in.
Never Sometimes Often Very often Don't know 1 2 3 4 5
1. Driving when tired 2. Drinking and driving 3. Taking illegal drugs and driving 4. Driving while impaired by prescription drugs (drugs that were prescribed to the driver, but with labels advising one should not drive while taking them) 5. Driving while impaired by prescription drugs (drugs that were NOT prescribed to the driver) 6. Making/answering a call with handheld phone 7. Making/answering a call using hands-free technology 8. Texting and driving or using the phone for a purpose other than making a call 9. Bad weather conditions 10. Inexperience (less than 3 years driving) 11. Teen drivers 12. Drivers aged 65 - 79 13. Drivers aged 80 and older 14. Other drivers 15. Vehicle malfunction 16. Bad roadways (potholes, cracks, etc.)
[LARGE TEXT BOX] Q84. The next few questions will ask what you would do if you were to find yourself in a particular type of situation.
What would happen to your vehicle if you were driving down the road and you shifted your vehicle into Park while the engine was on and in Drive? (If you are unsure, please click 'Prefer not to answer'.)
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[LARGE TEXT BOX] Q85. What would happen to your vehicle if you were driving down the road and you shifted your vehicle into Neutral while the engine was on and in Drive? (If you are unsure, please click 'Prefer not to answer’.)
[SP] Q86. The next few questions ask you about the type of ignition start you have in your vehicle or the vehicle you drive most often.
The vehicle I drive most often has:
Push button start ...... 1 Key ignition start ...... 2 Prefer not to answer ...... 3
[IF Q86=1] [LARGE TEXT BOX] Q87. You indicated you have a push button start. What would happen to your vehicle if while the vehicle was in Drive, you pushed the button to turn off the engine? (If you are unsure, please click 'Prefer not to answer'.)
[IF Q86=2] [LARGE TEXT BOX] Q88. You indicated you have a key ignition start. What would happen to your vehicle if while the vehicle was in Drive, you turned the key to turn off the engine? (If you are unsure, please click 'Prefer not to answer'.)
[MP] Q89. Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
Gas pedal ...... 1 Brakes ...... 2 Anti-lock braking system ...... 3 Ignition (Push button/key ignition) ...... 4 Gears (will still shift) ...... 5 Emergency brake ...... 6 Power steering ...... 7 Headlights ...... 8 Interior lights ...... 9 Emergency hazard lights (flashers) ...... 10 Airbags ...... 11 Seatbelts (will still tighten) ...... 12 Don't know [SP] ...... 13
[SP] Q42. Do you think of your vehicle as a means of transportation, or as something special–more than just a way to get around?
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I think of my vehicle simply as transportation ...... 1 I think of my vehicle as more than just a way to get around ...... 2 Don't know ...... 3
[SP] Q43. Do you spend your personal time working on or restoring older vehicles?
Yes ...... 1 No ...... 2 Don't know ...... 3
[SP] Q44. Do you like to keep up on the latest types of vehicle trends including new vehicle features, technologies, and other new market trends?
Yes ...... 1 No ...... 2 Don't know ...... 3
[GRID, SP ACROSS] Q45. Please read the statements below and select the answer that best describes you. Most of the Some of the All of the time Rarely Never time time 1 2 3 4 5
1. I type and read text messages while driving a vehicle. 2. I talk on a cell phone (NOT hands-free) while driving a vehicle. 3. I talk on a cell phone (hands-free) while driving a vehicle. 4. I drive over the speed limit. 5. I believe the driver is the most important component of safe driving. 6. I believe the vehicle is the most important component of safe driving.
[SP] Q46. Please rate how strongly you agree or disagree with the following statement.
In general, over the past 10 years, the number of people killed in car crashes in the United States has been declining.
Strongly agree ...... 1 Agree ...... 2 Neutral ...... 3 Disagree ...... 4 Strongly agree ...... 5 Don't know ...... 6
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[GRID, SP ACROSS] Q47. The statements below are about motor vehicle crashes. Please read the statements and rate how strongly you agree or disagree.
Strongly Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Agree Disagree 1 2 3 4 5
1. Motor vehicle crashes are often accidents that cannot be avoided. 2. Motor vehicle crashes can often be avoided through safe driving habits. 3. Motor vehicle crashes are about an equal mix of crashes that could and could not be avoided. 4. Motor vehicle crashes can be less severe with safety systems in your vehicle.
[SP] Q48. Have you ever driven a vehicle (whether you personally owned it or not) that acted in a way that startled you or that you did not expect?
Yes ...... 1 No ...... 2 Don't know ...... 3
[IF Q48=1, 3 OR REFUSED] [SP] Q49. Did you seek information to understand why the vehicle behaved the way it did?
Yes ...... 1 No ...... 2 Don't know ...... 3
[MP] Q50. In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
Internet - Google or other type of search ...... 1 Online video (YouTube, Car company video, etc.) ...... 2 Online forums ...... 3 Contact my local mechanic ...... 4 Contact dealership I purchased the vehicle from ...... 5
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Visit the dealership ...... 6 Visit a dealership of my vehicle’s brand ...... 7 Contact the manufacturer ...... 8 Check the manufacturer's website ...... 9 Government safety website (i.e. - National Transportation Safety Board, safercar.gov, etc.) ...... 10 Books ...... 11 Brochures, pamphlets ...... 12 Social media (Facebook, Twitter, etc.) ...... 13 Read the owner's manual ...... 14 Ask friends or family ...... 15 Learn by trial and error ...... 16 None of the above ...... 17 Other, specify: [TEXT BOX] ...... 18
[GRID, SP ACROSS] Q51. Below are symbols that you may have seen displayed on the dashboard of your vehicle. If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol:
Same 2-3 Less 2 1 month Longer Don't I would day days than a Weeks than a know figure week month out and resolve the issue myself 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1. [INSERT IMAGE:IMAGE002] 2. [INSERT IMAGE:IMAGE004] 3. [INSERT IMAGE:IMAGE005] 4. [INSERT IMAGE:IMAGE007] 5. [INSERT IMAGE:IMAGE009] 6. [INSERT IMAGE:IMAGE011] 7. [INSERT IMAGE:IMAGE013]
[SP] Q52. Have you ever checked the owner's manual for any problems you were having with your vehicle?
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Yes ...... 1 No ...... 2 Don't know ...... 3
[IF Q52=1, 3 OR REFUSED] [LARGE TEXT BOX] Q53. When you used the owner's manual for a problem, can you briefly describe the problem? If you do not know, please click 'Don't know' below the answer box.
[RANK, RANGE 1-7] Q54. If you were to purchase a new vehicle and the technologies listed below were available for an additional $500.00 cost, please rank the technologies that you would be most likely to pay the additional cost per technology to have in your vehicle. With 1 being the first technology you would want added and 7 is the last technology you would want added to the vehicle.
1. Adaptive cruise control 2. Blind spot detection 3. Forward collision warning 4. Lane departure warning 5. Drowsiness and attention-assist technologies 6. Back-up warning system 7. Back-up camera
[SP] Q60. What is the population of the metropolitan area you live in?
A population of greater than 3,000,000 people ...... 1 A population of between 1,000,000 and 2,999,999 people ...... 2 A population between 500,000 and 999,999 people ...... 3 A population between 100,000 and 499,999 people ...... 4 A population between 50,000 and 99,999 people ...... 5 A population between 15,000 and 50,000 people ...... 6 A population less than 14,999 people ...... 7
128
[STANDARD CLOSE]
APPENDIX:
Cruise control A system that automatically controls the speed of a vehicle. The driver sets a desired speed. The system then takes over control of the gas pedal to maintain that speed. Cruise control has the ability to accelerate and coast.
Adaptive cruise control Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) is an enhanced cruise control system that tracks the vehicle directly in front of the driver and slows down or speeds up based on the driver’s preselected speed and following distance preferences. Enhanced versions of ACC may completely stop the vehicle if it becomes too close to the vehicle in front of it.
Anti-lock braking system (ABS) A safety system designed to prevent skidding and help maintain control of the vehicle when the driver applies the brakes suddenly or with heavy pressure. When the system engages, the brake pedal may push back or pulse and make a thumping sound.
Blind spot detection and/or warning A system that uses sensors to warn drivers when a vehicle is traveling in their blind spot. The warning may be a sound or an indicator light that appears in the side-view mirror, or both.
Forward collision warning A system that warns drivers that they are about to hit the vehicle ahead of them. Drivers are warned by a sound, vibration or both; or, by a visual indicator that is accompanied by a sound, vibration or both.
Lane departure warning This system is designed to warn a driver with sound, vibration or indicator lights if the vehicle begins to drift out of its lane.
Back-up camera A system that uses a camera and video screen to show drivers what is behind their vehicle when they are in reverse and backing up. The video screen typically appears on the dashboard or in the rear-view mirror.
Back-up warning system This system - which does not use a video screen - detects objects behind the vehicle and alerts the driver with a warning by sound, vibration or both.
Traction control This technology restores traction to individual tires if they spin uncontrollably on icy or slippery surfaces.
129
Appendix B: Codebook with Unweighted Values
CASEID: Case ID TM_START: Interview start time (GMT) TM_FINISH: Interview finish time (GMT) DURATION: Interview duration in minutes WEIGHT: Post-Stratification weight
QFLAG DOV: Qualification Flag
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 1 Qualified 2015 100.0 100.0 100.0
Q2 Do you have a valid driver's license?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 1 Yes 2015 100.0 100.0 100.0
Q2A Do you drive 90 minutes or more per week?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 1 Yes 2015 100.0 100.0 100.0
Q3 In the last 7 days, how much time do you think you spent driving a vehicle, including trips on the weekend?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 6 .3 .3 .3
1 Less than an hour 38 1.9 1.9 2.2
2 1-2 hours 239 11.9 11.9 14.0
3 2-3 hours 341 16.9 16.9 31.0
4 3-4 hours 331 16.4 16.4 47.4
5 Over 4 hours 1038 51.5 51.5 98.9
130
6 Don't know 22 1.1 1.1 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q4 Have you purchased or leased a brand new vehicle within the last year?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 5 .2 .2 .2
1 Yes 297 14.7 14.7 15.0
2 No 1706 84.7 84.7 99.7
3 Don't know 7 .3 .3 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
[Make] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive? [Model] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive? [Specific Model Type] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive?
Q5_4 [Year] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive?
Cumulative
Frequency Percen t Valid Percen t Percent
Valid 90 4.5 4.5 4.5
1960 1 .0 .0 4.5
1970 1 .0 .0 4.6
1979 2 .1 .1 4.7
1984 1 .0 .0 4.7
1985 3 .1 .1 4.9
1986 3 .1 .1 5.0
1987 2 .1 .1 5.1
1988 5 .2 .2 5.4
1989 4 .2 .2 5.6
1990 6 .3 .3 5.9
1991 7 .3 .3 6.2
1992 9 .4 .4 6.7
1993 12 .6 .6 7.2
1994 16 .8 .8 8.0
131
1995 18 .9 .9 8.9 1996 20 1.0 1.0 9.9
1997 29 1.4 1.4 11.4
1998 42 2.1 2.1 13.4
1999 59 2.9 2.9 16.4
2000 63 3.1 3.1 19.5
2001 80 4.0 4.0 23.5
2002 87 4.3 4.3 27.8
2003 94 4.7 4.7 32.5
2004 102 5.1 5.1 37.5
2005 140 6.9 6.9 44.5
2006 132 6.6 6.6 51.0
2007 106 5.3 5.3 56.3
2008 113 5.6 5.6 61.9
2009 92 4.6 4.6 66.5
2010 115 5.7 5.7 72.2
2011 106 5.3 5.3 77.4
2012 140 6.9 6.9 84.4
2013 171 8.5 8.5 92.9
2014 144 7.1 7.1 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q5_1_Refused [Refused - Make] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 41 2.0 100.0 100.0 Missing System 1974 98.0 Total 2015 100.0
Q5_2_Refused [Refused - Model] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
132
Valid -1 Refused 98 4.9 100.0 100.0 Missing System 1917 95.1 Total 2015 100.0
Q5_3_Refused [Refused - Specific Model Type] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 557 27.6 100.0 100.0 Missing System 1458 72.4 Total 2015 100.0
Q5_4_Refused [Refused - Year] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 90 4.5 100.0 100.0 Missing System 1925 95.5 Total 2015 100.0
Q6_1 [Cruise Control] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 13 .6 .6 .6
1 Does have this feature 1693 84.0 84.0 84.7 2 Almost certainly has this 78 3.9 3.9 88.5 feature
3 About equal likelihood it
does or does not have this 25 1.2 1.2 89.8 feature
4 Almost certainly does not 13 .6 .6 90.4 have this feature
5 Does not have this feature 193 9.6 9.6 100.0
133
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q6_2 [Anti-lock braking system (ABS)] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 19 .9 .9 .9
1 Does have this feature 1644 81.6 81.6 82.5
2 Almost certainly has this 139 6.9 6.9 89.4 feature
3 About equal likelihood it
does or does not have this 71 3.5 3.5 93.0 feature 4 Almost certainly does not 36 1.8 1.8 94.7 have this feature
5 Does not have this feature 106 5.3 5.3 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q6_3 [Traction control] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 24 1.2 1.2 1.2
1 Does have this feature 1094 54.3 54.3 55.5
2 Almost certainly has this 158 7.8 7.8 63.3 feature
3 About equal likelihood it
does or does not have this 269 13.3 13.3 76.7 feature
4 Almost certainly does not 114 5.7 5.7 82.3 have this feature 5 Does not have this feature 356 17.7 17.7 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
134
Q6_4 [Back-up camera] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 31 1.5 1.5 1.5
1 Does have this feature 368 18.3 18.3 19.8
2 Almost certainly has this 17 .8 .8 20.6 feature
3 About equal likelihood it
does or does not have this 28 1.4 1.4 22.0 feature
4 Almost certainly does not 39 1.9 1.9 24.0 have this feature
5 Does not have this feature 1532 76.0 76.0 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q6_5 [Back-up warning system (without camera view)] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 38 1.9 1.9 1.9
1 Does have this feature 227 11.3 11.3 13.2
2 Almost certainly has this 18 .9 .9 14.0 feature
3 About equal likelihood it
does or does not have this 37 1.8 1.8 15.9 feature
4 Almost certainly does not 48 2.4 2.4 18.3 have this feature
5 Does not have this feature 1647 81.7 81.7 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q6_6 [Blind spot alert system] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have?
135
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 37 1.8 1.8 1.8
1 Does have this feature 142 7.0 7.0 8.9
2 Almost certainly has this 15 .7 .7 9.6 feature
3 About equal likelihood it
does or does not have this 42 2.1 2.1 11.7 feature
4 Almost certainly does not 59 2.9 2.9 14.6 have this feature
5 Does not have this feature 1720 85.4 85.4 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q6_7 [Adaptive cruise control] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 30 1.5 1.5 1.5
1 Does have this feature 272 13.5 13.5 15.0
2 Almost certainly has this 71 3.5 3.5 18.5 feature
3 About equal likelihood it
does or does not have this 190 9.4 9.4 27.9 feature
4 Almost certainly does not 99 4.9 4.9 32.9 have this feature 5 Does not have this feature 1353 67.1 67.1 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q6_8 [Forward collision warning] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
136
Valid -1 Refused 36 1.8 1.8 1.8
1 Does have this feature 86 4.3 4.3 6.1
2 Almost certainly has this 21 1.0 1.0 7.1 feature
3 About equal likelihood it
does or does not have this 68 3.4 3.4 10.5 feature 4 Almost certainly does not 72 3.6 3.6 14.0 have this feature
5 Does not have this feature 1732 86.0 86.0 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q6_9 [Lane departure warning] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 38 1.9 1.9 1.9
1 Does have this feature 85 4.2 4.2 6.1
2 Almost certainly has this 14 .7 .7 6.8 feature
3 About equal likelihood it
does or does not have this 62 3.1 3.1 9.9 feature
4 Almost certainly does not 62 3.1 3.1 13.0 have this feature
5 Does not have this feature 1754 87.0 87.0 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q7_1 [Cruise Control] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 93 4.6 4.6 4.6
1 Yes 1922 95.4 95.4 100.0
137
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q7_2 [Anti-lock braking system (ABS)] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 118 5.9 5.9 5.9
1 Yes 1897 94.1 94.1 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q7_3 [Traction control] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 509 25.3 25.3 25.3
1 Yes 1506 74.7 74.7 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q7_4 [Back-up camera] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 246 12.2 12.2 12.2
1 Yes 1769 87.8 87.8 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q7_5 [Back-up warning system (without camera view)] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 538 26.7 26.7 26.7
138
1 Yes 1477 73.3 73.3 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q7_6 [Blind spot alert system] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 728 36.1 36.1 36.1
1 Yes 1287 63.9 63.9 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q7_7 [Adaptive cruise control] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 0 No 1310 65.0 65.0 65.0
1 Yes 705 35.0 35.0 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q7_8 [Forward collision warning] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 0 No 857 42.5 42.5 42.5
1 Yes 1158 57.5 57.5 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q7_9 [Lane departure warning] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
139
Valid 0 No 919 45.6 45.6 45.6
1 Yes 1096 54.4 54.4 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q7_10 [None of the above] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 1986 98.6 98.6 98.6
1 Yes 29 1.4 1.4 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q7_Refused [Refused] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 0 No 2001 99.3 99.3 99.3
1 Yes 14 .7 .7 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q11 Technologies that automatically drive the vehicle.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 11 .5 .5 .5
1 1 Very comfortable 170 8.4 8.4 9.0
2 2 163 8.1 8.1 17.1
3 3 448 22.2 22.2 39.3
4 4 434 21.5 21.5 60.8
5 5 Very uncomfortable 530 26.3 26.3 87.1
6 Don't know 259 12.9 12.9 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
140
Q12 Technologies that automatically park the vehicle.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 16 .8 .8 .8
1 1 Very comfortable 201 10.0 10.0 10.8
2 2 289 14.3 14.3 25.1
3 3 557 27.6 27.6 52.8
4 4 343 17.0 17.0 69.8
5 5 Very uncomfortable 353 17.5 17.5 87.3
6 Don't know 256 12.7 12.7 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q13 Technologies that warn or alert the driver to hazards using sound (beeps or bells, for example). These types of systems include – forward collision warnings, pedestrian warnings, back-up cameras, back-up warning systems or lane departure warnings.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 17 .8 .8 .8
1 1 Very comfortable 759 37.7 37.7 38.5
2 2 552 27.4 27.4 65.9
3 3 414 20.5 20.5 86.5
4 4 87 4.3 4.3 90.8
5 5 Very uncomfortable 67 3.3 3.3 94.1
6 Don't know 119 5.9 5.9 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q14 Technologies that take control of the vehicle to avoid a crash by braking or steering.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 12 .6 .6 .6
1 1 Very comfortable 238 11.8 11.8 12.4
2 2 348 17.3 17.3 29.7
3 3 566 28.1 28.1 57.8
141
4 4 315 15.6 15.6 73.4 5 5 Very uncomfortable 278 13.8 13.8 87.2
6 Don't know 258 12.8 12.8 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q16: What concerns might you have about technologies that automatically drive the vehicle on the road?
Q16_Refused [Refused/DK] What concerns might you have about technologies that automatically drive the vehicle on the road?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 41 2.0 16.8 16.8
1 Don't know 203 10.1 83.2 100.0
Total 244 12.1 100.0 Missing System 1771 87.9 Total 2015 100.0
Q90: What concerns might you have about technologies that automatically park the vehicle?
Q90_Refused [Refused/DK] What concerns might you have about technologies that automatically park the vehicle?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 32 1.6 12.9 12.9
1 Don't know 217 10.8 87.1 100.0
Total 249 12.4 100.0 Missing System 1766 87.6 Total 2015 100.0
Q17: What concerns might you have about technologies that warn or alert you to hazards using sound (beeps or bells, for example)?
142
Q17_Refused [Refused/DK] What concerns might you have about technologies that warn or alert you to hazards using sound (beeps or bells, for example)?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 7 .3 12.3 12.3
1 Don't know 50 2.5 87.7 100.0
Total 57 2.8 100.0 Missing System 1958 97.2 Total 2015 100.0
Q18: What concerns might you have about technologies that take control of the vehicle to avoid a crash by braking or steering?
Q18_Refused [Refused/DK] What concerns might you have about technologies that take control of the vehicle to avoid a crash by braking or steering?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 18 .9 10.4 10.4
1 Don't know 155 7.7 89.6 100.0
Total 173 8.6 100.0 Missing System 1842 91.4 Total 2015 100.0
Q21 [Cruise control] Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 13 .6 .6 .6 1 Can be turned on by 63 3.1 3.1 3.8 touching the gas pedal 2 Can be turned off by 1597 79.3 79.3 83.0 touching the brake pedal
3 Will turn itself off when the
vehicle gets too close to a 67 3.3 3.3 86.4 slower moving vehicle
143
4 I am unsure of the correct 275 13.6 13.6 100.0 response Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q22 [Cruise control] How confident are you that your answer is correct?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 5 .2 .3 .3
0 Not confident at all/Totally 19 .9 1.1 1.4 guessing 0
1 1 25 1.2 1.4 2.8
2 2 64 3.2 3.7 6.5
3 3 122 6.1 7.1 13.6
4 4 264 13.1 15.3 28.9
5 Extremely confident/Answered based 1228 60.9 71.1 100.0 on experience 5
Total 1727 85.7 100.0 Missing System 288 14.3 Total 2015 100.0
Q23 [Anti-lock braking system (ABS)] Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 18 .9 .9 .9 1 Works best when the 195 9.7 9.7 10.6 driver pumps the brakes
2 Works best when the
driver firmly applies and 1288 63.9 63.9 74.5 holds the brakes
144
3 Provides mechanical noises and pulsations to alert the driver the anti-lock 33 1.6 1.6 76.1 braking system is NOT working 4 I am unsure of the correct 481 23.9 23.9 100.0 response
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q24 [Anti-lock braking system (ABS)] How confident are you that your answer is correct?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 1 .0 .1 .1
0 Not confident at all/Totally 22 1.1 1.5 1.5 guessing 0
1 1 26 1.3 1.7 3.2
2 2 76 3.8 5.0 8.2
3 3 285 14.1 18.8 27.0
4 4 335 16.6 22.1 49.1
5 Extremely confident/Answered based 771 38.3 50.9 100.0 on experience 5
Total 1516 75.2 100.0 Missing System 499 24.8 Total 2015 100.0
Q25 What does this symbol mean if you see it lit up on the dashboard?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 33 1.6 1.6 1.6 1 The vehicle needs an oil 78 3.9 3.9 5.5 change
2 One of the tires needs air 941 46.7 46.7 52.2
3 A headlight is burned out 50 2.5 2.5 54.7
145
4 I am unsure of the correct 913 45.3 45.3 100.0 response Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q26 [Symbol on dashboard] How confident are you that your answer is correct?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 4 .2 .4 .4
0 Not confident at all/Totally 36 1.8 3.4 3.7 guessing 0
1 1 23 1.1 2.2 5.9
2 2 57 2.8 5.3 11.2
3 3 132 6.6 12.3 23.6
4 4 161 8.0 15.1 38.6
5 Extremely confident/Answered based 656 32.6 61.4 100.0 on experience 5
Total 1069 53.1 100.0 Missing System 946 46.9 Total 2015 100.0
Q27 [Back-up warning system (without a camera view)] Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 17 .8 .8 .8
1 Alerts the driver there are
possible metal objects 33 1.6 1.6 2.5 located behind the vehicle
2 Alerts the driver there are
possible objects located 1353 67.1 67.1 69.6 behind the vehicle
146
3 Alerts the driver every time an object is located behind 213 10.6 10.6 80.2 the vehicle when the vehicle is in drive 4 I am unsure of the correct 399 19.8 19.8 100.0 response
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q28 [Back-up warning system (without a camera view)] How confident are you that your answer is correct?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 2 .1 .1 .1
0 Not confident at all/Totally 40 2.0 2.5 2.6 guessing 0
1 1 50 2.5 3.1 5.8
2 2 142 7.0 8.9 14.6
3 3 391 19.4 24.5 39.1
4 4 463 23.0 29.0 68.0
5 Extremely
confident/Answered based 511 25.4 32.0 100.0 on experience 5
Total 1599 79.4 100.0 Missing System 416 20.6 Total 2015 100.0
Q29 [Back-up camera] Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 23 1.1 1.1 1.1
1 Alerts the driver every time
an object is located behind 74 3.7 3.7 4.8 the vehicle when the vehicle is in drive
147
2 Only works during the day 11 .5 .5 5.4 light hours
3 Provides a view of the
area behind the vehicle 1701 84.4 84.4 89.8 through a video display in the vehicle
4 I am unsure of the correct 206 10.2 10.2 100.0 response
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q30 [Back-up camera] How confident are you that your answer is correct?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 10 .5 .6 .6
0 Not confident at all/Totally 19 .9 1.1 1.6 guessing 0
1 1 21 1.0 1.2 2.8
2 2 59 2.9 3.3 6.1
3 3 190 9.4 10.6 16.7
4 4 417 20.7 23.3 40.1
5 Extremely confident/Answered based 1070 53.1 59.9 100.0 on experience 5
Total 1786 88.6 100.0 Missing System 229 11.4 Total 2015 100.0
Q31 [Adaptive cruise control] Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 22 1.1 1.1 1.1
1 Adjusts the speed of the
vehicle based on weather 98 4.9 4.9 6.0 conditions
148
2 Requires the driver to turn on the system and set the 339 16.8 16.8 22.8 desired following distance to vehicles ahead
3 Adjusts the speed of the
vehicle by using the 210 10.4 10.4 33.2 navigation system to know the roadway speed limit 4 I am unsure of the correct 1346 66.8 66.8 100.0 response
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q32 [Adaptive cruise control] How confident are you that your answer is correct?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 Not confident at all/Totally 34 1.7 5.3 5.3 guessing 0
1 1 49 2.4 7.6 12.8
2 2 120 6.0 18.5 31.4
3 3 189 9.4 29.2 60.6
4 4 136 6.7 21.0 81.6
5 Extremely confident/Answered based 119 5.9 18.4 100.0 on experience 5
Total 647 32.1 100.0 Missing System 1368 67.9 Total 2015 100.0
Q33 [Blind spot alert system] Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 24 1.2 1.2 1.2
149
1 Alerts the driver there are objects located behind the 46 2.3 2.3 3.5 vehicle
2 Alerts the driver they are
located in the blind spot of 140 6.9 6.9 10.4 another vehicle
3 Alerts the driver every time
a passing vehicle is located 1151 57.1 57.1 67.5 in the blind spot of their vehicle
4 I am unsure of the correct 654 32.5 32.5 100.0 response
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q34 [Blind spot alert system] How confident are you that your answer is correct?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 6 .3 .4 .4
0 Not confident at all/Totally 39 1.9 2.9 3.4 guessing 0
1 1 50 2.5 3.7 7.1
2 2 128 6.4 9.6 16.7
3 3 329 16.3 24.6 41.3
4 4 402 20.0 30.1 71.4
5 Extremely confident/Answered based 383 19.0 28.6 100.0 on experience 5
Total 1337 66.4 100.0 Missing System 678 33.6 Total 2015 100.0
Q35 [Forward collision warning system] Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
150
Valid -1 Refused 25 1.2 1.2 1.2
1 Alerts the driver whenever
the vehicle gets close to another vehicle or object, 232 11.5 11.5 12.8 such as when you pull up behind someone
2 Alerts the driver when a
vehicle in front of you is 129 6.4 6.4 19.2 stopped
3 Alerts the driver when the
system detects a stopped vehicle or object moving 796 39.5 39.5 58.7 more slowly than their vehicle
4 I am unsure of the correct 833 41.3 41.3 100.0 response
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q36 [Forward collision warning system] How confident are you that your answer is correct?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 2 .1 .2 .2
0 Not confident at all/Totally 48 2.4 4.1 4.3 guessing 0
1 1 76 3.8 6.6 10.9
2 2 176 8.7 15.2 26.1
3 3 404 20.0 34.9 61.0
4 4 293 14.5 25.3 86.3
5 Extremely confident/Answered based 158 7.8 13.7 100.0 on experience 5
Total 1157 57.4 100.0 Missing System 858 42.6 Total 2015 100.0
151
Q37 [Lane departure warning system] Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 25 1.2 1.2 1.2
1 Alerts the driver when they
are taking a curve too fast 19 .9 .9 2.2 and are about to go off the
road
2 Alerts the driver when they
are about to drift out of their 1208 60.0 60.0 62.1 lane in either direction
3 Alerts the driver the
vehicle alongside them is 57 2.8 2.8 65.0
drifting out of their lane
4 I am unsure of the correct 706 35.0 35.0 100.0 response
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q38 [Lane departure warning system] How confident are you that your answer is correct?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 5 .2 .4 .4
0 Not confident at all/Totally 36 1.8 2.8 3.2 guessing 0
1 1 59 2.9 4.6 7.8
2 2 125 6.2 9.7 17.5
3 3 347 17.2 27.0 44.5
4 4 428 21.2 33.3 77.9
5 Extremely confident/Answered based 284 14.1 22.1 100.0 on experience 5
Total 1284 63.7 100.0 Missing System 731 36.3 Total 2015 100.0
152
Q39_1 [A black box located in vehicles that would be able to identify what caused a crash] How much would you be interested in using each of the following?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 22 1.1 1.1 1.1
1 Very interested 388 19.3 19.3 20.3
2 Somewhat interested 602 29.9 29.9 50.2
3 Neutral 531 26.4 26.4 76.6
4 Not very interested 201 10.0 10.0 86.6
5 Not at all interested 204 10.1 10.1 96.7
6 Don't know 67 3.3 3.3 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q39_2 [Drowsiness and attention-assist technologies that warn the driver to stop if he/she is too tired to drive] How much would you be interested in using each of the following?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 22 1.1 1.1 1.1
1 Very interested 601 29.8 29.8 30.9
2 Somewhat interested 726 36.0 36.0 66.9
3 Neutral 360 17.9 17.9 84.8
4 Not very interested 132 6.6 6.6 91.4
5 Not at all interested 108 5.4 5.4 96.7
6 Don't know 66 3.3 3.3 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q40_1 [Science and technology make our way of life change too fast.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 19 .9 .9 .9
1 Strongly Agree 118 5.9 5.9 6.8
2 Agree 271 13.4 13.4 20.2
153
3 Somewhat Agree 541 26.8 26.8 47.1 4 Neutral 440 21.8 21.8 68.9
5 Somewhat Disagree 267 13.3 13.3 82.2
6 Disagree 265 13.2 13.2 95.3
7 Strongly Disagree 94 4.7 4.7 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q40_2 [Scientists can be trusted to make the right decisions.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 21 1.0 1.0 1.0
1 Strongly Agree 56 2.8 2.8 3.8
2 Agree 177 8.8 8.8 12.6
3 Somewhat Agree 455 22.6 22.6 35.2
4 Neutral 704 34.9 34.9 70.1
5 Somewhat Disagree 394 19.6 19.6 89.7
6 Disagree 152 7.5 7.5 97.2
7 Strongly Disagree 56 2.8 2.8 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q40_3 [Technology, in general, can make the world a safer place.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 24 1.2 1.2 1.2
1 Strongly Agree 220 10.9 10.9 12.1
2 Agree 522 25.9 25.9 38.0
3 Somewhat Agree 689 34.2 34.2 72.2
4 Neutral 391 19.4 19.4 91.6
5 Somewhat Disagree 117 5.8 5.8 97.4
6 Disagree 39 1.9 1.9 99.4
7 Strongly Disagree 13 .6 .6 100.0
154
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q40_4 [I would describe myself as someone who embraces new technology.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 20 1.0 1.0 1.0
1 Strongly Agree 205 10.2 10.2 11.2
2 Agree 443 22.0 22.0 33.2
3 Somewhat Agree 618 30.7 30.7 63.8
4 Neutral 429 21.3 21.3 85.1
5 Somewhat Disagree 188 9.3 9.3 94.4
6 Disagree 84 4.2 4.2 98.6
7 Strongly Disagree 28 1.4 1.4 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q40_5 [I frequently purchase the newest types of technology available.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 21 1.0 1.0 1.0
1 Strongly Agree 84 4.2 4.2 5.2
2 Agree 191 9.5 9.5 14.7
3 Somewhat Agree 338 16.8 16.8 31.5
4 Neutral 491 24.4 24.4 55.8
5 Somewhat Disagree 391 19.4 19.4 75.2
6 Disagree 331 16.4 16.4 91.7
7 Strongly Disagree 168 8.3 8.3 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q40_6 [I find working with computers very easy.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.
155
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 26 1.3 1.3 1.3
1 Strongly Agree 339 16.8 16.8 18.1
2 Agree 476 23.6 23.6 41.7
3 Somewhat Agree 461 22.9 22.9 64.6
4 Neutral 384 19.1 19.1 83.7
5 Somewhat Disagree 193 9.6 9.6 93.3
6 Disagree 100 5.0 5.0 98.2
7 Strongly Disagree 36 1.8 1.8 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q40_7 [I always try to understand how a technology, that I use in my daily life works.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 23 1.1 1.1 1.1
1 Strongly Agree 262 13.0 13.0 14.1
2 Agree 524 26.0 26.0 40.1
3 Somewhat Agree 540 26.8 26.8 66.9
4 Neutral 378 18.8 18.8 85.7
5 Somewhat Disagree 162 8.0 8.0 93.7
6 Disagree 92 4.6 4.6 98.3
7 Strongly Disagree 34 1.7 1.7 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q41_1 [Driving when tired] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 21 1.0 1.0 1.0
1 Never 61 3.0 3.0 4.1
2 Sometimes 453 22.5 22.5 26.6
3 Often 744 36.9 36.9 63.5
156
4 Very often 709 35.2 35.2 98.7 5 Don't know 27 1.3 1.3 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q41_2 [Drinking and driving] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 23 1.1 1.1 1.1
1 Never 130 6.5 6.5 7.6
2 Sometimes 185 9.2 9.2 16.8
3 Often 441 21.9 21.9 38.7
4 Very often 1210 60.0 60.0 98.7
5 Don't know 26 1.3 1.3 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q41_3 [Taking illegal drugs and driving] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 28 1.4 1.4 1.4
1 Never 142 7.0 7.0 8.4 2 Sometimes 339 16.8 16.8 25.3
3 Often 535 26.6 26.6 51.8 4 Very often 931 46.2 46.2 98.0
5 Don't know 40 2.0 2.0 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q41_4 [Driving while impaired by prescription drugs (drugs that were prescribed to the driver, but with labels advising one should not drive while taking them)] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road c
157
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 24 1.2 1.2 1.2
1 Never 136 6.7 6.7 7.9
2 Sometimes 643 31.9 31.9 39.9
3 Often 590 29.3 29.3 69.1
4 Very often 578 28.7 28.7 97.8
5 Don't know 44 2.2 2.2 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q41_5 [Driving while impaired by prescription drugs (drugs that were NOT prescribed to the driver)] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 24 1.2 1.2 1.2
1 Never 139 6.9 6.9 8.1
2 Sometimes 623 30.9 30.9 39.0
3 Often 563 27.9 27.9 66.9
4 Very often 593 29.4 29.4 96.4
5 Don't know 73 3.6 3.6 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q41_6 [Making/answering a call with handheld phone] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 23 1.1 1.1 1.1
1 Never 84 4.2 4.2 5.3
2 Sometimes 358 17.8 17.8 23.1
3 Often 570 28.3 28.3 51.4
4 Very often 947 47.0 47.0 98.4
5 Don't know 33 1.6 1.6 100.0
158
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q41_7 [Making/answering a call using hands-free technology] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 31 1.5 1.5 1.5
1 Never 146 7.2 7.2 8.8
2 Sometimes 1004 49.8 49.8 58.6
3 Often 500 24.8 24.8 83.4
4 Very often 273 13.5 13.5 97.0
5 Don't know 61 3.0 3.0 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q41_8 [Texting and driving or using the phone for a purpose other than making a call] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 32 1.6 1.6 1.6
1 Never 118 5.9 5.9 7.4
2 Sometimes 167 8.3 8.3 15.7
3 Often 396 19.7 19.7 35.4
4 Very often 1253 62.2 62.2 97.6
5 Don't know 49 2.4 2.4 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q41_9 [Bad weather conditions] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 26 1.3 1.3 1.3
159
1 Never 30 1.5 1.5 2.8 2 Sometimes 526 26.1 26.1 28.9
3 Often 833 41.3 41.3 70.2
4 Very often 578 28.7 28.7 98.9
5 Don't know 22 1.1 1.1 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q41_10 [Inexperience (less than 3 years driving)] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 31 1.5 1.5 1.5
1 Never 120 6.0 6.0 7.5
2 Sometimes 599 29.7 29.7 37.2
3 Often 759 37.7 37.7 74.9
4 Very often 462 22.9 22.9 97.8
5 Don't know 44 2.2 2.2 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q41_11 [Teen drivers] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 30 1.5 1.5 1.5
1 Never 109 5.4 5.4 6.9
2 Sometimes 572 28.4 28.4 35.3
3 Often 774 38.4 38.4 73.7
4 Very often 494 24.5 24.5 98.2
5 Don't know 36 1.8 1.8 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
160
Q41_12 [Drivers aged 65 - 79] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 30 1.5 1.5 1.5
1 Never 103 5.1 5.1 6.6
2 Sometimes 978 48.5 48.5 55.1
3 Often 621 30.8 30.8 86.0
4 Very often 226 11.2 11.2 97.2
5 Don't know 57 2.8 2.8 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q41_13 [Drivers aged 80 and older] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 35 1.7 1.7 1.7
1 Never 104 5.2 5.2 6.9
2 Sometimes 627 31.1 31.1 38.0
3 Often 640 31.8 31.8 69.8
4 Very often 538 26.7 26.7 96.5
5 Don't know 71 3.5 3.5 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q41_14 [Other drivers] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 34 1.7 1.7 1.7
1 Never 81 4.0 4.0 5.7
2 Sometimes 766 38.0 38.0 43.7
3 Often 692 34.3 34.3 78.1
4 Very often 261 13.0 13.0 91.0
5 Don't know 181 9.0 9.0 100.0
161
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q41_15 [Vehicle malfunction] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 29 1.4 1.4 1.4
1 Never 99 4.9 4.9 6.4
2 Sometimes 1433 71.1 71.1 77.5
3 Often 292 14.5 14.5 92.0
4 Very often 96 4.8 4.8 96.7
5 Don't know 66 3.3 3.3 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q41_16 [Bad roadways (potholes, cracks, etc.)] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 31 1.5 1.5 1.5
1 Never 72 3.6 3.6 5.1
2 Sometimes 1284 63.7 63.7 68.8
3 Often 422 20.9 20.9 89.8
4 Very often 150 7.4 7.4 97.2
5 Don't know 56 2.8 2.8 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q84: What would happen to your vehicle if you were driving down the road and you shifted your vehicle into Park while the engine was on and in Drive?
Q84_Refused [Refused/DK] What would happen to your vehicle if you were driving down the road and you shifted your vehicle into Park while the engine was on and in Drive?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
162
Valid -1 Refused 109 5.4 14.1 14.1
1 Prefer not to answer 662 32.9 85.9 100.0
Total 771 38.3 100.0 Missing System 1244 61.7 Total 2015 100.0
Q85: What would happen to your vehicle if you were driving down the road and you shifted your vehicle into Neutral while the engine was on and in Drive?
Q85_Refused [Refused/DK] What would happen to your vehicle if you were driving down the road and you shifted your vehicle into Neutral while the engine was on and in Drive?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 66 3.3 13.8 13.8
1 Prefer not to answer 412 20.4 86.2 100.0
Total 478 23.7 100.0 Missing System 1537 76.3 Total 2015 100.0
Q86 The vehicle I drive most often has:
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 11 .5 .5 .5
1 Push button start 254 12.6 12.6 13.2
2 Key ignition start 1720 85.4 85.4 98.5
3 Prefer not to answer 30 1.5 1.5 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q87: What would happen to your vehicle if while the vehicle was in Drive, you pushed the button to turn off the engine?
Q87_Refused [Refused/DK] What would happen to your vehicle if while the vehicle was in Drive, you pushed the button to turn off the engine?
163
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 5 .2 3.8 3.8
1 Prefer not to answer 127 6.3 96.2 100.0
Total 132 6.6 100.0 Missing System 1883 93.4 Total 2015 100.0
Q88: What would happen to your vehicle if while the vehicle was in Drive, you turned the key to turn off the engine?
Q88_Refused [Refused/DK] What would happen to your vehicle if while the vehicle was in Drive, you turned the key to turn off the engine?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 40 2.0 6.8 6.8
1 Prefer not to answer 550 27.3 93.2 100.0
Total 590 29.3 100.0 Missing System 1425 70.7 Total 2015 100.0
Q89_1 [Gas pedal] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 0 No 1866 92.6 92.6 92.6
1 Yes 149 7.4 7.4 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q89_2 [Brakes] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
164
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 0 No 1004 49.8 49.8 49.8
1 Yes 1011 50.2 50.2 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q89_3 [Anti-lock braking system] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 1731 85.9 85.9 85.9
1 Yes 284 14.1 14.1 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q89_4 [Ignition (Push button/key ignition)] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 1604 79.6 79.6 79.6
1 Yes 411 20.4 20.4 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q89_5 [Gears (will still shift)] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 0 No 1625 80.6 80.6 80.6
1 Yes 390 19.4 19.4 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
165
Q89_6 [Emergency brake] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 0 No 646 32.1 32.1 32.1
1 Yes 1369 67.9 67.9 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q89_7 [Power steering] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 1878 93.2 93.2 93.2
1 Yes 137 6.8 6.8 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q89_8 [Headlights] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 0 No 747 37.1 37.1 37.1
1 Yes 1268 62.9 62.9 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q89_9 [Interior lights] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
166
Valid 0 No 813 40.3 40.3 40.3
1 Yes 1202 59.7 59.7 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q89_10 [Emergency hazard lights (flashers)] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 0 No 649 32.2 32.2 32.2
1 Yes 1366 67.8 67.8 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q89_11 [Airbags] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 1207 59.9 59.9 59.9
1 Yes 808 40.1 40.1 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q89_12 [Seatbelts (will still tighten)] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 832 41.3 41.3 41.3
1 Yes 1183 58.7 58.7 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
167
Q89_13 [Don't know] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 0 No 1712 85.0 85.0 85.0
1 Yes 303 15.0 15.0 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q89_Refused [Refused] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 1990 98.8 98.8 98.8
1 Yes 25 1.2 1.2 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q42 Do you think of your vehicle as a means of transportation, or as something special–more than just a way to get around?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 18 .9 .9 .9
1 I think of my vehicle simply 1222 60.6 60.6 61.5 as transportation
2 I think of my vehicle as
more than just a way to get 710 35.2 35.2 96.8 around
3 Don't know 65 3.2 3.2 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q43 Do you spend your personal time working on or restoring older vehicles?
168
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 12 .6 .6 .6
1 Yes 125 6.2 6.2 6.8
2 No 1846 91.6 91.6 98.4
3 Don't know 32 1.6 1.6 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q44 Do you like to keep up on the latest types of vehicle trends including new vehicle features, technologies, and other new market trends?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 18 .9 .9 .9
1 Yes 537 26.7 26.7 27.5 2 No 1332 66.1 66.1 93.6
3 Don't know 128 6.4 6.4 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q45_1 [I type and read text messages while driving a vehicle.] Please read the statements below and select the answer that best describes you.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 21 1.0 1.0 1.0
1 All of the time 10 .5 .5 1.5 2 Most of the time 19 .9 .9 2.5
3 Some of the time 186 9.2 9.2 11.7 4 Rarely 536 26.6 26.6 38.3
5 Never 1243 61.7 61.7 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q45_2 [I talk on a cell phone (NOT hands-free) while driving a vehicle.] Please read the statements below and select the answer that best describes you.
169
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 22 1.1 1.1 1.1
1 All of the time 21 1.0 1.0 2.1
2 Most of the time 68 3.4 3.4 5.5
3 Some of the time 489 24.3 24.3 29.8
4 Rarely 671 33.3 33.3 63.1
5 Never 744 36.9 36.9 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q45_3 [I talk on a cell phone (hands-free) while driving a vehicle.] Please read the statements below and select the answer that best describes you.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 25 1.2 1.2 1.2
1 All of the time 78 3.9 3.9 5.1 2 Most of the time 145 7.2 7.2 12.3
3 Some of the time 505 25.1 25.1 37.4 4 Rarely 333 16.5 16.5 53.9
5 Never 929 46.1 46.1 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q45_4 [I drive over the speed limit.] Please read the statements below and select the answer that best describes you.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 27 1.3 1.3 1.3
1 All of the time 41 2.0 2.0 3.4
2 Most of the time 283 14.0 14.0 17.4
3 Some of the time 848 42.1 42.1 59.5
4 Rarely 623 30.9 30.9 90.4
5 Never 193 9.6 9.6 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
170
Q45_5 [I believe the driver is the most important component of safe driving.] Please read the statements below and select the answer that best describes you.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 24 1.2 1.2 1.2
1 All of the time 1208 60.0 60.0 61.1
2 Most of the time 592 29.4 29.4 90.5
3 Some of the time 127 6.3 6.3 96.8
4 Rarely 16 .8 .8 97.6
5 Never 48 2.4 2.4 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q45_6 [I believe the vehicle is the most important component of safe driving.] Please read the statements below and select the answer that best describes you.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 25 1.2 1.2 1.2
1 All of the time 199 9.9 9.9 11.1
2 Most of the time 463 23.0 23.0 34.1
3 Some of the time 923 45.8 45.8 79.9
4 Rarely 279 13.8 13.8 93.7
5 Never 126 6.3 6.3 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q46 Please rate how strongly you agree or disagree with the following statement. In general, over the past 10 years, the number of people killed in car crashes in the United States has been declining.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 16 .8 .8 .8
1 Strongly Agree 82 4.1 4.1 4.9
2 Agree 472 23.4 23.4 28.3
171
3 Neutral 347 17.2 17.2 45.5 4 Disagree 598 29.7 29.7 75.2
5 Strongly Disagree 175 8.7 8.7 83.9
6 Don't know 325 16.1 16.1 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q47_1 [Motor vehicle crashes are often accidents that cannot be avoided.] Please read the statements and rate how strongly you agree or disagree.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 29 1.4 1.4 1.4
1 Strongly Agree 45 2.2 2.2 3.7
2 Agree 217 10.8 10.8 14.4
3 Neutral 408 20.2 20.2 34.7
4 Disagree 1080 53.6 53.6 88.3
5 Strongly Disagree 236 11.7 11.7 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q47_2 [Motor vehicle crashes can often be avoided through safe driving habits.] Please read the statements and rate how strongly you agree or disagree.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 27 1.3 1.3 1.3
1 Strongly Agree 542 26.9 26.9 28.2
2 Agree 1238 61.4 61.4 89.7
3 Neutral 176 8.7 8.7 98.4
4 Disagree 21 1.0 1.0 99.5
5 Strongly Disagree 11 .5 .5 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q47_3 [Motor vehicle crashes are about an equal mix of crashes that could and could not be avoided.] Please read the statements and rate how strongly you agree or disagree.
172
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 29 1.4 1.4 1.4
1 Strongly Agree 52 2.6 2.6 4.0
2 Agree 487 24.2 24.2 28.2
3 Neutral 701 34.8 34.8 63.0
4 Disagree 642 31.9 31.9 94.8
5 Strongly Disagree 104 5.2 5.2 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q47_4 [Motor vehicle crashes can be less severe with safety systems in your vehicle.] Please read the statements and rate how strongly you agree or disagree.
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 24 1.2 1.2 1.2
1 Strongly Agree 434 21.5 21.5 22.7
2 Agree 1065 52.9 52.9 75.6
3 Neutral 421 20.9 20.9 96.5
4 Disagree 61 3.0 3.0 99.5
5 Strongly Disagree 10 .5 .5 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q48 Have you ever driven a vehicle (whether you personally owned it or not) that acted in a way that startled you or that you did not expect?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 17 .8 .8 .8
1 Yes 830 41.2 41.2 42.0
2 No 1039 51.6 51.6 93.6
3 Don't know 129 6.4 6.4 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
173
Q49 Did you seek information to understand why the vehicle behaved the way it did?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 13 .6 1.3 1.3
1 Yes 663 32.9 67.9 69.3
2 No 196 9.7 20.1 89.3
3 Don't know 104 5.2 10.7 100.0
Total 976 48.4 100.0 Missing System 1039 51.6 Total 2015 100.0
Q50_1 [Internet - Google or other type of search] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 846 42.0 42.0 42.0
1 Yes 1169 58.0 58.0 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q50_2 [Online video (YouTube, Car company video, etc.)] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the proble
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 1573 78.1 78.1 78.1
1 Yes 442 21.9 21.9 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
174
Q50_3 [Online forums] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 1692 84.0 84.0 84.0
1 Yes 323 16.0 16.0 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q50_4 [Contact my local mechanic] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 942 46.7 46.7 46.7
1 Yes 1073 53.3 53.3 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q50_5 [Contact dealership I purchased the vehicle from] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the proble
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 990 49.1 49.1 49.1
1 Yes 1025 50.9 50.9 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q50_6 [Visit the dealership] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
175
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 0 No 1474 73.2 73.2 73.2
1 Yes 541 26.8 26.8 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q50_7 [Visit a dealership of my vehicle's brand] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 0 No 1442 71.6 71.6 71.6
1 Yes 573 28.4 28.4 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q50_8 [Contact the manufacturer] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 1697 84.2 84.2 84.2
1 Yes 318 15.8 15.8 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q50_9 [Check the manufacturer's website] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 0 No 1455 72.2 72.2 72.2
176
1 Yes 560 27.8 27.8 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q50_10 [Government safety website (i.e. - National Transportation Safety Board, safercar.gov, etc.)] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 1677 83.2 83.2 83.2
1 Yes 338 16.8 16.8 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q50_11 [Books] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 1861 92.4 92.4 92.4
1 Yes 154 7.6 7.6 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q50_12 [Brochures, pamphlets] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 1915 95.0 95.0 95.0
1 Yes 100 5.0 5.0 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
177
Q50_13 [Social media (Facebook, Twitter, etc.)] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 0 No 1915 95.0 95.0 95.0
1 Yes 100 5.0 5.0 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q50_14 [Read the owner's manual] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 0 No 955 47.4 47.4 47.4
1 Yes 1060 52.6 52.6 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q50_15 [Ask friends or family] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 0 No 1175 58.3 58.3 58.3
1 Yes 840 41.7 41.7 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
178
Q50_16 [Learn by trial and error] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 1847 91.7 91.7 91.7
1 Yes 168 8.3 8.3 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q50_17 [None of the above] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 1946 96.6 96.6 96.6
1 Yes 69 3.4 3.4 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q50_18 [Other, specify] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 1989 98.7 98.7 98.7
1 Yes 26 1.3 1.3 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q50_Refused [Refused] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
179
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 0 No 1995 99.0 99.0 99.0
1 Yes 20 1.0 1.0 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q50_Text [Text] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 1990 98.8 98.8 98.8
AAA 1 .0 .0 98.8
ask a good mechanic friend 1 .0 .0 98.9
ask my husband 1 .0 .0 98.9
car manual 1 .0 .0 99.0
Check with people who have 1 .0 .0 99.0 the same model as mine
diagnose the car and fix it 1 .0 .0 99.1
Go to a Tire Co 1 .0 .0 99.1
husband 1 .0 .0 99.2
husband would fix it 1 .0 .0 99.2
i have had many recalls on
my car and problems the
chrysler m manufactuera did not want to help untill i and the dealership called over 65 1 .0 .0 99.3 times ever all the problems with my car have not been rectified. chrysler cars especially town and country have many accidents.
libary 1 .0 .0 99.3
look at everything, get under
the car, see if something is 1 .0 .0 99.4 broke, or loss
180
my spouse/a mechanic 1 .0 .0 99.4 n/a 1 .0 .0 99.5
Read the shop manual. 1 .0 .0 99.5
repair manual 1 .0 .0 99.6
take it apart and see whats 1 .0 .0 99.6 up
Take it back to the dealer 1 .0 .0 99.7
talk with a mechaniic 1 .0 .0 99.7
teck manuals 1 .0 .0 99.8
troubleshoot w/partner 1 .0 .0 99.8
Use OnStar service 1 .0 .0 99.9
visit the Library or an auto 1 .0 .0 99.9 museum
work on problem and 1 .0 .0 100.0 investigate myself y husband...he 1 .0 .0 100.0 builds/restores cars :)
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q51_ABS [ABS symbol] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol:
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 88 4.4 4.4 4.4
1 Same day 592 29.4 29.4 33.7
2 2-3 days 362 18.0 18.0 51.7
3 Less than a week 234 11.6 11.6 63.3
4 2 Weeks 74 3.7 3.7 67.0
5 1 month 38 1.9 1.9 68.9
6 Longer than a month 44 2.2 2.2 71.1
7 Don't know 327 16.2 16.2 87.3
8 I would figure out and 256 12.7 12.7 100.0 resolve the issue myself
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
181
Q51_Airbag [Airbag symbol] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol:
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 97 4.8 4.8 4.8
1 Same day 535 26.6 26.6 31.4
2 2-3 days 340 16.9 16.9 48.2
3 Less than a week 236 11.7 11.7 60.0
4 2 Weeks 78 3.9 3.9 63.8
5 1 month 40 2.0 2.0 65.8
6 Longer than a month 42 2.1 2.1 67.9
7 Don't know 412 20.4 20.4 88.3
8 I would figure out and 235 11.7 11.7 100.0 resolve the issue myself Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q51_Engine [Check enginne light] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol:
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 87 4.3 4.3 4.3
1 Same day 806 40.0 40.0 44.3
2 2-3 days 391 19.4 19.4 63.7
3 Less than a week 220 10.9 10.9 74.6
4 2 Weeks 72 3.6 3.6 78.2
5 1 month 45 2.2 2.2 80.4
6 Longer than a month 37 1.8 1.8 82.3
7 Don't know 146 7.2 7.2 89.5
8 I would figure out and 211 10.5 10.5 100.0 resolve the issue myself
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
182
Q51_Oil [Check oil light] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol:
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 89 4.4 4.4 4.4
1 Same day 830 41.2 41.2 45.6
2 2-3 days 286 14.2 14.2 59.8
3 Less than a week 152 7.5 7.5 67.3
4 2 Weeks 57 2.8 2.8 70.2
5 1 month 20 1.0 1.0 71.2
6 Longer than a month 11 .5 .5 71.7
7 Don't know 147 7.3 7.3 79.0
8 I would figure out and 423 21.0 21.0 100.0 resolve the issue myself Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q51_Tire [Tire pressure] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol:
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 92 4.6 4.6 4.6
1 Same day 556 27.6 27.6 32.2
2 2-3 days 260 12.9 12.9 45.1
3 Less than a week 146 7.2 7.2 52.3
4 2 Weeks 59 2.9 2.9 55.2
5 1 month 26 1.3 1.3 56.5
6 Longer than a month 26 1.3 1.3 57.8
7 Don't know 319 15.8 15.8 73.6
8 I would figure out and 531 26.4 26.4 100.0 resolve the issue myself
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
183
Q51_Traction [Traction control] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol:
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 96 4.8 4.8 4.8
1 Same day 348 17.3 17.3 22.0
2 2-3 days 313 15.5 15.5 37.6
3 Less than a week 209 10.4 10.4 47.9
4 2 Weeks 87 4.3 4.3 52.3
5 1 month 44 2.2 2.2 54.4
6 Longer than a month 44 2.2 2.2 56.6
7 Don't know 377 18.7 18.7 75.3
8 I would figure out and 497 24.7 24.7 100.0 resolve the issue myself Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q52 Have you ever checked the owner's manual for any problems you were having with your vehicle?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 15 .7 .7 .7
1 Yes 1613 80.0 80.0 80.8 2 No 340 16.9 16.9 97.7
3 Don't know 47 2.3 2.3 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q53: When you used the owner's manual for a problem, can you briefly describe the problem?
Q53_Refused [Refused/DK] When you used the owner's manual for a problem, can you briefly describe the problem?
184
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 58 2.9 8.5 8.5
1 Don't know 621 30.8 91.5 100.0
Total 679 33.7 100.0 Missing System 1336 66.3 Total 2015 100.0
Q54_1 [Adaptive cruise control] Adaptive cruise control
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 25 1.2 1.2 1.2
1 201 10.0 10.0 11.2
2 104 5.2 5.2 16.4
3 137 6.8 6.8 23.2
4 162 8.0 8.0 31.2
5 228 11.3 11.3 42.5
6 326 16.2 16.2 58.7
7 832 41.3 41.3 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q54_2 [Blind spot detection] Blind spot detection
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 26 1.3 1.3 1.3
1 400 19.9 19.9 21.1
2 423 21.0 21.0 42.1
3 431 21.4 21.4 63.5
4 322 16.0 16.0 79.5
5 223 11.1 11.1 90.6
6 151 7.5 7.5 98.1
7 39 1.9 1.9 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
185
Q54_3 [Forward collision warning] Forward collision warning
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 28 1.4 1.4 1.4
1 219 10.9 10.9 12.3
2 251 12.5 12.5 24.7
3 310 15.4 15.4 40.1
4 399 19.8 19.8 59.9
5 398 19.8 19.8 79.7
6 306 15.2 15.2 94.8
7 104 5.2 5.2 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q54_4 [Lane departure warning] Lane departure warning
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 29 1.4 1.4 1.4
1 55 2.7 2.7 4.2
2 173 8.6 8.6 12.8
3 316 15.7 15.7 28.4
4 491 24.4 24.4 52.8
5 417 20.7 20.7 73.5
6 372 18.5 18.5 92.0
7 162 8.0 8.0 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q54_5 [Drowsiness and attention-assist technologies] Drowsiness and attention-assist technologies
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 26 1.3 1.3 1.3
186
1 247 12.3 12.3 13.5 2 160 7.9 7.9 21.5
3 237 11.8 11.8 33.3
4 216 10.7 10.7 44.0
5 288 14.3 14.3 58.3
6 356 17.7 17.7 75.9
7 485 24.1 24.1 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q54_6 [Back-up warning system] Back-up warning system
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 27 1.3 1.3 1.3
1 245 12.2 12.2 13.5
2 557 27.6 27.6 41.1
3 304 15.1 15.1 56.2
4 217 10.8 10.8 67.0
5 252 12.5 12.5 79.5
6 248 12.3 12.3 91.8
7 165 8.2 8.2 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q54_7 [Back-up camera] Back-up camera
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid -1 Refused 25 1.2 1.2 1.2
1 683 33.9 33.9 35.1
2 301 14.9 14.9 50.1
3 233 11.6 11.6 61.6
4 163 8.1 8.1 69.7
5 165 8.2 8.2 77.9
6 210 10.4 10.4 88.3
7 235 11.7 11.7 100.0
187
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
Q60 What is the population of the metropolitan area you live in?
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid -1 Refused 31 1.5 1.5 1.5
1 A population of greater 264 13.1 13.1 14.6 than 3,000,000 people
2 A population of between
1,000,000 and 2,999,999 304 15.1 15.1 29.7 people
3 A population between 233 11.6 11.6 41.3 500,000 and 999,999 people
4 A population between 354 17.6 17.6 58.9 100,000 and 499,999 people
5 A population between 253 12.6 12.6 71.4 50,000 and 99,999 people
6 A population between 268 13.3 13.3 84.7 15,000 and 50,000 people
7 A population less than 308 15.3 15.3 100.0 14,999 people
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
PPAGE Age
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 18 12 .6 .6 .6
19 12 .6 .6 1.2
20 15 .7 .7 1.9
21 15 .7 .7 2.7
22 33 1.6 1.6 4.3
23 33 1.6 1.6 6.0
24 27 1.3 1.3 7.3
25 28 1.4 1.4 8.7
188
26 27 1.3 1.3 10.0
27 29 1.4 1.4 11.5
28 31 1.5 1.5 13.0
29 25 1.2 1.2 14.2
30 32 1.6 1.6 15.8
31 31 1.5 1.5 17.4
32 29 1.4 1.4 18.8
33 27 1.3 1.3 20.1
34 34 1.7 1.7 21.8
35 34 1.7 1.7 23.5
36 33 1.6 1.6 25.2
37 40 2.0 2.0 27.1
38 29 1.4 1.4 28.6
39 38 1.9 1.9 30.5
40 34 1.7 1.7 32.2
41 34 1.7 1.7 33.8
42 28 1.4 1.4 35.2
43 35 1.7 1.7 37.0
44 44 2.2 2.2 39.2
45 31 1.5 1.5 40.7
46 18 .9 .9 41.6
47 29 1.4 1.4 43.0
48 35 1.7 1.7 44.8
49 42 2.1 2.1 46.8
50 41 2.0 2.0 48.9
51 42 2.1 2.1 51.0
52 54 2.7 2.7 53.6
53 53 2.6 2.6 56.3
54 45 2.2 2.2 58.5
55 50 2.5 2.5 61.0
56 44 2.2 2.2 63.2
57 53 2.6 2.6 65.8
58 46 2.3 2.3 68.1
59 51 2.5 2.5 70.6
60 47 2.3 2.3 73.0
189
61 45 2.2 2.2 75.2 62 27 1.3 1.3 76.5
63 40 2.0 2.0 78.5
64 42 2.1 2.1 80.6
65 36 1.8 1.8 82.4
66 44 2.2 2.2 84.6
67 50 2.5 2.5 87.0
68 28 1.4 1.4 88.4
69 27 1.3 1.3 89.8
70 21 1.0 1.0 90.8
71 24 1.2 1.2 92.0
72 19 .9 .9 93.0
73 13 .6 .6 93.6
74 22 1.1 1.1 94.7
75 12 .6 .6 95.3
76 18 .9 .9 96.2
77 9 .4 .4 96.6
78 11 .5 .5 97.2
79 7 .3 .3 97.5
80 12 .6 .6 98.1
81 6 .3 .3 98.4
82 8 .4 .4 98.8
83 4 .2 .2 99.0
84 4 .2 .2 99.2
85 2 .1 .1 99.3
86 6 .3 .3 99.6
87 3 .1 .1 99.8
88 3 .1 .1 99.9
90 1 .0 .0 100.0
92 1 .0 .0 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
ppagecat Age - 7 Categories
190
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 1 18-24 147 7.3 7.3 7.3
2 25-34 293 14.5 14.5 21.8
3 35-44 349 17.3 17.3 39.2
4 45-54 390 19.4 19.4 58.5
5 55-64 445 22.1 22.1 80.6
6 65-74 284 14.1 14.1 94.7
7 75+ 107 5.3 5.3 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
ppagect4 Age - 4 Categories
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 1 18-29 287 14.2 14.2 14.2
2 30-44 502 24.9 24.9 39.2
3 45-59 634 31.5 31.5 70.6
4 60+ 592 29.4 29.4 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
PPEDUC Education (Highest Degree Received)
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 1 No formal education 4 .2 .2 .2
2 1st, 2nd, 3rd, or 4th grade 2 .1 .1 .3
3 5th or 6th grade 4 .2 .2 .5
4 7th or 8th grade 8 .4 .4 .9
5 9th grade 13 .6 .6 1.5
6 10th grade 30 1.5 1.5 3.0 7 11th grade 27 1.3 1.3 4.4
8 12th grade NO DIPLOMA 49 2.4 2.4 6.8
191
9 HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATE - high school 559 27.7 27.7 34.5 DIPLOMA or the equivalent (GED) 10 Some college, no degree 367 18.2 18.2 52.8
11 Associate degree 223 11.1 11.1 63.8
12 Bachelors degree 410 20.3 20.3 84.2
13 Masters degree 231 11.5 11.5 95.6
14 Professional or Doctorate 88 4.4 4.4 100.0 degree
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
PPEDUCAT Education (Categorical)
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 1 Less than high school 137 6.8 6.8 6.8
2 High school 559 27.7 27.7 34.5
3 Some college 590 29.3 29.3 63.8
4 Bachelor's degree or 729 36.2 36.2 100.0 higher
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
PPETHM Race / Ethnicity
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 1 White, Non-Hispanic 1553 77.1 77.1 77.1
2 Black, Non-Hispanic 161 8.0 8.0 85.1
3 Other, Non-Hispanic 63 3.1 3.1 88.2
4 Hispanic 187 9.3 9.3 97.5
5 2+ Races, Non-Hispanic 51 2.5 2.5 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
PPGENDER Gender
192
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 1 Male 1024 50.8 50.8 50.8
2 Female 991 49.2 49.2 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
PPHHHEAD Household Head
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 333 16.5 16.5 16.5
1 Yes 1682 83.5 83.5 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
PPHHSIZE Household Size
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 1 330 16.4 16.4 16.4
2 803 39.9 39.9 56.2
3 339 16.8 16.8 73.1
4 307 15.2 15.2 88.3
5 133 6.6 6.6 94.9
6 66 3.3 3.3 98.2
7 16 .8 .8 99.0
8 9 .4 .4 99.4
9 10 .5 .5 99.9
10 2 .1 .1 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
PPHOUSE Housing Type
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
193
Valid 1 A one-family house
detached from any other 1508 74.8 74.8 74.8 house
2 A one-family house
attached to one or more 147 7.3 7.3 82.1 houses
3 A building with 2 or more 271 13.4 13.4 95.6 apartments
4 A mobile home 87 4.3 4.3 99.9
5 Boat, RV, van, etc. 2 .1 .1 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
PPINCIMP Household Income
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 1 Less than $5,000 22 1.1 1.1 1.1
2 $5,000 to $7,499 15 .7 .7 1.8
3 $7,500 to $9,999 16 .8 .8 2.6
4 $10,000 to $12,499 33 1.6 1.6 4.3
5 $12,500 to $14,999 34 1.7 1.7 6.0
6 $15,000 to $19,999 52 2.6 2.6 8.5
7 $20,000 to $24,999 69 3.4 3.4 12.0
8 $25,000 to $29,999 89 4.4 4.4 16.4
9 $30,000 to $34,999 103 5.1 5.1 21.5
10 $35,000 to $39,999 102 5.1 5.1 26.6
11 $40,000 to $49,999 148 7.3 7.3 33.9
12 $50,000 to $59,999 178 8.8 8.8 42.7
13 $60,000 to $74,999 216 10.7 10.7 53.4
14 $75,000 to $84,999 142 7.0 7.0 60.5
15 $85,000 to $99,999 140 6.9 6.9 67.4
16 $100,000 to $124,999 302 15.0 15.0 82.4
17 $125,000 to $149,999 141 7.0 7.0 89.4
18 $150,000 to $174,999 84 4.2 4.2 93.6
19 $175,000 or more 129 6.4 6.4 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
194
PPMARIT Marital Status
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 1 Married 1246 61.8 61.8 61.8
2 Widowed 84 4.2 4.2 66.0
3 Divorced 183 9.1 9.1 75.1
4 Separated 27 1.3 1.3 76.4
5 Never married 325 16.1 16.1 92.6
6 Living with partner 150 7.4 7.4 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
PPMSACAT MSA Status
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 0 Non-Metro 312 15.5 15.5 15.5
1 Metro 1703 84.5 84.5 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
PPREG4 Region 4 - Based on State of Residence
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 1 Northeast 358 17.8 17.8 17.8
2 Midwest 456 22.6 22.6 40.4
3 South 773 38.4 38.4 78.8
4 West 428 21.2 21.2 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
ppreg9 Region 9 - Based on State of Residence
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
195
Valid 1 New England 111 5.5 5.5 5.5
2 Mid-Atlantic 247 12.3 12.3 17.8
3 East-North Central 317 15.7 15.7 33.5
4 West-North Central 139 6.9 6.9 40.4
5 South Atlantic 432 21.4 21.4 61.8
6 East-South Central 108 5.4 5.4 67.2
7 West-South Central 233 11.6 11.6 78.8
8 Mountain 138 6.8 6.8 85.6
9 Pacific 290 14.4 14.4 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
PPRENT Ownership Status of Living Quarters
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 1 Owned or being bought by
you or someone in your 1552 77.0 77.0 77.0 household
2 Rented for cash 412 20.4 20.4 97.5
3 Occupied without payment 51 2.5 2.5 100.0 of cash rent
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
PPSTATEN State
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 11 ME 13 .6 .6 .6
12 NH 6 .3 .3 .9
13 VT 5 .2 .2 1.2
14 MA 56 2.8 2.8 4.0
15 RI 4 .2 .2 4.2
16 CT 27 1.3 1.3 5.5
21 NY 75 3.7 3.7 9.2
22 NJ 54 2.7 2.7 11.9
23 PA 118 5.9 5.9 17.8
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31 OH 86 4.3 4.3 22.0
32 IN 44 2.2 2.2 24.2
33 IL 75 3.7 3.7 27.9
34 MI 59 2.9 2.9 30.9
35 WI 53 2.6 2.6 33.5
41 MN 41 2.0 2.0 35.5
42 IA 21 1.0 1.0 36.6
43 MO 37 1.8 1.8 38.4
44 ND 3 .1 .1 38.6
45 SD 8 .4 .4 39.0
46 NE 15 .7 .7 39.7
47 KS 14 .7 .7 40.4
51 DE 10 .5 .5 40.9
52 MD 40 2.0 2.0 42.9
53 DC 2 .1 .1 43.0
54 VA 59 2.9 2.9 45.9
55 WV 16 .8 .8 46.7
56 NC 68 3.4 3.4 50.1
57 SC 34 1.7 1.7 51.8
58 GA 50 2.5 2.5 54.2
59 FL 153 7.6 7.6 61.8
61 KY 28 1.4 1.4 63.2
62 TN 38 1.9 1.9 65.1
63 AL 27 1.3 1.3 66.5
64 MS 15 .7 .7 67.2
71 AR 21 1.0 1.0 68.2
72 LA 31 1.5 1.5 69.8
73 OK 24 1.2 1.2 71.0
74 TX 157 7.8 7.8 78.8
81 MT 6 .3 .3 79.1
82 ID 10 .5 .5 79.6
83 WY 3 .1 .1 79.7
84 CO 27 1.3 1.3 81.0
85 NM 12 .6 .6 81.6
86 AZ 39 1.9 1.9 83.6
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87 UT 22 1.1 1.1 84.7 88 NV 19 .9 .9 85.6
91 WA 49 2.4 2.4 88.0
92 OR 22 1.1 1.1 89.1
93 CA 205 10.2 10.2 99.3
94 AK 5 .2 .2 99.6
95 HI 9 .4 .4 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
PPT01 Presence of Household Members - Children 0-1
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 1942 96.4 96.4 96.4
1 71 3.5 3.5 99.9
2 1 .0 .0 100.0
3 1 .0 .0 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
PPT25 Presence of Household Members - Children 2-5
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 0 1816 90.1 90.1 90.1
1 163 8.1 8.1 98.2
2 34 1.7 1.7 99.9
3 2 .1 .1 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
PPT612 Presence of Household Members - Children 6-12
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 1722 85.5 85.5 85.5
1 184 9.1 9.1 94.6
198
2 80 4.0 4.0 98.6 3 19 .9 .9 99.5
4 9 .4 .4 100.0
5 1 .0 .0 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
PPT1317 Presence of Household Members - Children 13-17
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 1731 85.9 85.9 85.9
1 222 11.0 11.0 96.9
2 53 2.6 2.6 99.6
3 8 .4 .4 100.0
4 1 .0 .0 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
PPT18OV Presence of Household Members - Adults 18+
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 1 370 18.4 18.4 18.4
2 1151 57.1 57.1 75.5
3 305 15.1 15.1 90.6
4 135 6.7 6.7 97.3
5 37 1.8 1.8 99.2
6 10 .5 .5 99.7
7 4 .2 .2 99.9
8 2 .1 .1 100.0
9 1 .0 .0 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
PPWORK Current Employment Status
199
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 1 Working - as a paid 1107 54.9 54.9 54.9 employee
2 Working - self-employed 154 7.6 7.6 62.6
3 Not working - on 12 .6 .6 63.2 temporary layoff from a job 4 Not working - looking for 92 4.6 4.6 67.7 work
5 Not working - retired 382 19.0 19.0 86.7
6 Not working - disabled 111 5.5 5.5 92.2
7 Not working - other 157 7.8 7.8 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
PPNET HH Internet Access
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 0 No 292 14.5 14.5 14.5
1 Yes 1723 85.5 85.5 100.0
Total 2015 100.0 100.0
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Appendix E: National Consumer Survey of Driving Safety Technologies
National Survey Preliminary Findings
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National Survey of Consumer Driving Safety Dataset Preliminary Findings
Demographics (all demographic data is panel data that was not asked to the respondent, rather the contractor had the data previously available)
• Data collection took place in September 2014, for approximately 14 days • Total respondents = 2,015 respondents
Gender Frequency Percent Male 1025 50.9 Female 990 49.1 Total 2015 100.0
Age Frequency Percent Frequency Percent 18-29 386 19.2 18-24 203 10.1 30-44 535 26.6 25-34 346 17.2 45-59 595 29.5 35-44 373 18.5 60+ 499 24.8 45-54 368 18.3 Total 2015 100 55-64 401 19.9 65-74 234 11.6 75+ 90 4.5 Total 2015 100
Cross tab: Gender and Age (4 Categories) Age - 4 Categories Total 18-29 30-44 45-59 60+ Male 204 273 305 243 1025 Female 183 262 289 256 990 Total 387 (14.2%) 535 594 499 2015
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Region – Based on State of Residence Frequency Percent Northeast 355 17.6 Midwest 419 20.8 South 788 39.1 West 454 22.5 Total 2015 100
Education (Categories) Frequency Percent Less than high school 199 9.9 High school 565 28 Some college 592 29.4 Bachelor's degree or higher 660 32.7 Total 2015 100
Race/Ethnicity Frequency Percent White, Non-Hispanic 1388 68.9 Black, Non-Hispanic 198 9.8 Other, Non-Hispanic 115 5.7 Hispanic 290 14.4 2+ Races, Non-Hispanic 23 1.1 Total 2015 100
Metropolitan Status Frequency Percent Non-Metro 310 15.4 Metro 1705 84.6 Total 2015 100
Respondents Vehicle Demographics • Average age of the vehicle reported by respondents was a 2006 (slightly newer than the average age of vehicles in the U.S. fleet according to IHS Polk. IHS reports the average age of vehicles in the U.S. fleet to be 11 years old)
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• 1,904 respondents reported the year of their vehicle (Q5)
Year Frequency Percent 1960 - 1980 4 0.2 1981 - 1990 26 1.4 1991 - 2004 647 34.0 2005 - 2010 675 35.5 2011 - 2013 418 22.0 2014 134 7.0 Total 1904 100.0
• Q43 – 6.7% of respondents reported that they spend personal time working on or restoring older vehicles (all respondents were given this question) • Q42 - When respondents were asked how they thought of their vehicle: o 58.5% think of their vehicle simply as transportation o 36.3% reported that they think of their vehicle as something than just a way to get around
Q3 – In the last 7 days, how often do you think you drove a vehicle, including trips on the weekend? Frequency Percent Refused 8 0.4 Less than an hour 44 2.2 1-2 hours 237 11.8 2-3 hours 336 16.7 3-4 hours 327 16.2 Over 4 hours 1042 51.7 Don't know 22 1.1 Total 2015 100 • Recall, that approximately 85% of respondents identified as living in a “metropolitan area”
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Technology understanding by 2014 owners *denotes correct response
20 - Cruise Control Frequency Percent Refused - - Can be turned on by touching the gas pedal 2 1.3 Can be turned off by touching the brake pedal* 106 79.2 Will turn itself off when the vehicle gets too close to a slower 8 5.9 moving vehicle I am unsure of the correct response 18 13.6 Total 134 100.0
Q23 - Anti-lock braking system Frequency Percent Refused 1 .7 Works best when the driver pumps the brakes 7 5.3 Works best when the driver firmly applies and holds the 98 73.2 brakes* Provides mechanical noises and pulsations to alert the driver 1 .9 the anti-lock braking system is NOT working I am unsure of the correct response 27 19.9 Total 134 100.0
Q25 - Tire pressure symbol on dashboard Frequency Percent Refused 3 2.6 The vehicle needs an oil change 5 3.8 One of the tires needs air* 72 53.6 A headlight is burned out 3 2.3 I am unsure of the correct response 50 37.7 Total 134 100.0
Q27 - Back-up warning system (without camera view) Frequency Percent Refused - - Alerts the driver there are possible metal objects located 1 .5
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behind the vehicle Alerts the driver there are possible objects located behind the 92 68.8 vehicle* Alerts the driver every time an object is located behind the 20 15.3 vehicle when the vehicle is in drive I am unsure of the correct response 21 15.5 Total 134 100.0 Q29 - Back-up camera Frequency Percent Refused 1 >1% Alerts the driver every time an object is located behind the 3 .6 vehicle when the vehicle is in drive Only works during the day light hours - - Provides a view of the area behind the vehicle through a 127 94.4 video display in the vehicle* I am unsure of the correct response 4 2.8 Total 134 100.0 Approximately 95% of respondents rated their confidence as a 4 or 5. Q31 - Adaptive cruise control Frequency Percent Refused - - Adjusts the speed of the vehicle based on weather conditions 6 4.8 Requires the driver to turn on the system and set the desired 27 20.4 following distance to vehicles ahead* Adjusts the speed of the vehicle by using the navigation 17 12.8 system to know the roadway speed limit I am unsure of the correct response 83 62.0 Total 134 100.0
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Q33 - Blind spot alert system Frequency Percent Refused 1 >1% Alerts the driver there are objects located behind the vehicle - - Alerts the driver they are located in the blind spot of another 13 9.4 vehicle Alerts the driver every time a passing vehicle is located in the 84 62.6 blind spot of their vehicle* I am unsure of the correct response 37 27.4 Total 134 100.0
Q35 - Forward collision warning system Frequency Percent Refused 1 >1% Alerts the driver whenever the vehicle gets close to another 13 9.8 vehicle or object, such as when you pull up behind someone Alerts the driver when a vehicle in front of you is stopped 7 5.0 Alerts the driver when the system detects a stopped vehicle 51 38.3 or object moving more slowly than their vehicle* I am unsure of the correct response 62 46.3 Total 134 100.0
Q37 - Lane departure warning system Frequency Percent Refused 5 3.7 Alerts the driver when they are taking a curve too fast and are - - about to go off the road Alerts the driver when they are about to drift out of their lane 83 61.6 in either direction* Alerts the driver the vehicle alongside them is drifting out of 5 4.0 their lane I am unsure of the correct response 41 30.6 Total 134 100.0
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Knowledge of systems (ALL RESPONDENTS)
Q7 (All Respondents)- Respondents were asked if they had heard of (interacted with, seen on a commercial or heard elsewhere)
Yes No Cruise Control 94.1% 5.9% Anti-lock braking system 92.5% 7.5% Traction Control 73.1% 26.9% Back-up Camera 85.9% 14.1% Back-up warning system (without camera view) 71.5% 28.5% Blind spot alert system 62.9% 37.4% Adaptive Cruise Control 35% 65% Forward Collision Warning 55.5% 44.5% Lane Departure Warning 52.5% 47.5%
Q11 – Technologies that automatically drive the vehicle: Frequency Percent 1 Very comfortable 14 0.7 2 196 9.7 3 162 8 4 460 22.8 5 Very uncomfortable 411 20.4 Don't know 507 25.1 Total 2015 100.0
Q12 – Technologies that automatically park the vehicle: Frequency Percent 1 Very comfortable 22 1.1 2 212 10.5 3 275 13.7 4 554 27.5 5 Very uncomfortable 338 16.8 Don't know 351 17.4 Total 2015 100.0
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Q13 – Technologies that alert the driver using sound Frequency Percent Refused 22 1.1 1 Very comfortable 753 37.4 2 534 26.5 3 416 20.7 4 489 4.4 5 Very uncomfortable 75 3.7 Don't know 125 6.2 Total 2015 100.0
Q14 – Technologies that take control of the vehicle to avoid a crash by braking or steering Frequency Percent Refused 15 0.7 1 Very comfortable 253 12.6 2 346 17.2 3 558 27.7 4 304 15.1 5 Very uncomfortable 279 13.8 Don't know 259 12.8 Total 2015 100
Respondents were asked to select the response that best reflected their understanding of each system. Q21 - Cruise Control Frequency Percent Refused 18 0.9 Can be turned on by touching the gas pedal 83 4.1 Can be turned off by touching the brake pedal* 1541 76.5 Will turn itself off when the vehicle gets too close to a slower moving vehicle 75 3.7 I am unsure of the correct response 299 14.8 Total 2015 100 Approximately 71% of people rated their confidence as a 4 or 5.
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Q23 - Anti-lock braking system Frequency Percent Refused 23 1.2 Works best when the driver pumps the brakes 203 10.1 Works best when the driver firmly applies and holds the brakes* 1234 61.2 Provides mechanical noises and pulsations to alert the driver the anti-lock braking system is NOT working 40 2 I am unsure of the correct response 514 25.5 Total 2015 100 Approximately 52% rated their confidence as a 4 or 5. Q25 - Tire pressure symbol on dashboard Frequency Percent Refused 36 1.8 The vehicle needs an oil change 88 4.4 One of the tires needs air* 921 45.7 A headlight is burned out 57 2.9 I am unsure of the correct response 913 45.3 Total 2015 100 Approximately 40% of respondents rated their confidence as a 4 or 5.
Q27 - Back-up warning system (without camera view) Frequency Percent Refused 21 1 Alerts the driver there are possible metal objects located behind the vehicle 45 2.3 Alerts the driver there are possible objects located behind the vehicle* 1317 65.4 Alerts the driver every time an object is located behind the vehicle when the vehicle is in drive 231 11.4 I am unsure of the correct response 401 19.9 Total 2015 100 Approximately 47% of respondents rated their confidence as a 4 or 5.
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Q29 - Back-up camera Frequency Percent Refused 25 1.2 Alerts the driver every time an object is located behind the vehicle when the vehicle is in drive 83 4.1 Only works during the day light hours 16 0.8 Provides a view of the area behind the vehicle through a video display in the vehicle* 1669 82.8 I am unsure of the correct response 222 11 Total 2015 100 Approximately 72% of respondents rated their confidence as a 4 or 5. Q31 - Adaptive cruise control Frequency Percent Refused 28 1.4 Adjusts the speed of the vehicle based on weather conditions 101 5 Requires the driver to turn on the system and set the desired following distance to vehicles ahead* 341 16.9 Adjusts the speed of the vehicle by using the navigation system to know the roadway speed limit 231 11.5 I am unsure of the correct response 1313 65.2 Total 2015 100 Approximately 13% of respondents rated their confidence as 4 or 5. Q33 - Blind spot alert system Frequency Percent Refused 26 1.3 Alerts the driver there are objects located behind the vehicle 47 2.3 Alerts the driver they are located in the blind spot of another vehicle 146 7.2 Alerts the driver every time a passing vehicle is located in the blind spot of their vehicle* 1147 56.9 I am unsure of the correct response 648 32.2 Total 2015 100 Approximately 38% of respondents rated their confidence as a 4 or 5.
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Q35 - Forward collision warning system Frequency Percent Refused 30 1.5 Alerts the driver whenever the vehicle gets close to another vehicle or object, such as when you pull up behind someone 241 12 Alerts the driver when a vehicle in front of you is stopped 144 7.2 Alerts the driver when the system detects a stopped vehicle or object moving more slowly than their vehicle* 760 37.7 I am unsure of the correct response 840 41.7 Total 2015 100 Approximately 22% of respondents rated their confidence as a 4 or 5. Q37 - Lane departure warning system Frequency Percent Refused 27 1.4 Alerts the driver when they are taking a curve too fast and are about to go off the road 25 1.2 Alerts the driver when they are about to drift out of their lane in either direction* 1176 58.3 Alerts the driver the vehicle alongside them is drifting out of their lane 70 3.5 I am unsure of the correct response 718 35.6 Total 2015 100 Approximately 34% of respondents rated their confidence as 4 or 5.
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Factors contributing to crashes Q41 – All respondents were asked to rate how often they believed to be the cause of crashes Never Sometimes Often Very Don’t often know Driving when tired 3.7% 22.4% 35.8% 34.9% 1.7% Drinking and driving 7.8% 9.3% 21.0% 57.8% 1.6% Taking illegal drugs and driving 8.4% 17% 25.1% 45.5% 2.3% Driving while impaired by 8.2% 30.8% 28.2% 28.7% 2.5% prescription drugs (were prescribed to the driver but advised not) Driving while impaired by 8.2% 30.2% 27% 29.4% 3.6% prescription drugs (were NOT prescribed to the driver) Making/answering a call with 4.9% 18.2% 27.4% 46.1% 1.8% handheld phone Making/answering a call using 8.5% 48% 24.2% 14.2% 3.1% hands-free technology Texting and driving or using 6.9 % 8.7% 19.4% 60.3% 2.8% the for a purpose other than making a call Bad weather 2.1% 26.5% 40% 28.3% 1.3% Inexperience (less than 3 years 7.2% 30% 35.9% 22.3% 2.5% driving) Teen drivers 6.6% 28.7% 37% 23.9% 2% Drivers aged 65-79 6.2% 45.8% 30.8% 12.1% 3.1% Drivers aged 80 and older 6.3% 30.4% 30.6% 26.7% 3.9% Other drivers 5% 37.4% 33% 13.4% 9.1% Vehicle malfunction 5.8% 68.7% 14.6% 5.4% 3.5% Bad roadways (potholes, 4.4% 61.9% 20.7% 8% 3.1% cracks, etc)
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Interested in attention assist and black box (all respondents) Q39 – “Black box” locate din the vehicles that would be able to identify what caused a crash Frequency Percent
Refused 27 1.3 Very interested 412 20.4 Somewhat interested 594 29.5 Neutral 519 25.7 Not very interested 191 9.5 Not at all interested 194 9.6 Don't know 79 3.9 Total 2015 100
Q39- Drowsiness and attention-assist technologies that warn the driver to stop if he/she is too tired to drive Frequency Percent
Refused 28 1.4 Very interested 611 30.3 Somewhat interested 702 34.8 Neutral 365 18.1 Not very interested 128 6.3 Not at all interested 108 5.4 Don't know 74 3.7 Total 2015 100
Beliefs of science and technology (all respondents) Frequency Percent Refused 27 1.4 Strongly Agree 72 3.6 Agree 179 8.9 Somewhat Agree 454 22.5 Neutral 705 35 Somewhat Disagree 378 18.8 Disagree 147 7.3 Strongly Disagree 53 2.6 Total 2015 100
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Q40 - [Technology, in general, can make the world a safer place.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.
Frequency Percent Refused 31 1.5 Strongly Agree 236 11.7 Agree 496 24.6 Somewhat Agree 657 32.6 Neutral 417 20.7 Somewhat Disagree 126 6.2 Disagree 39 1.9 Strongly Disagree 14 0.7 Total 2015 100
Q40 - [I would describe myself as someone who embraces new technology.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.
Frequency Percent Refused 26 1.3 Strongly Agree 223 11.1 Agree 446 22.1 Somewhat Agree 597 29.6 Neutral 433 21.5 Somewhat Disagree 181 9 Disagree 82 4.1 Strongly Disagree 27 1.3 Total 2015 100
215
Q40 - [I frequently purchase the newest types of technology available.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.
Frequency Percent Refused 27 1.3 Strongly Agree 95 4.7 Agree 207 10.3 Somewhat Agree 342 17 Neutral 500 24.8 Somewhat Disagree 370 18.4 Disagree 314 15.6 Strongly Disagree 159 7.9 Total 2015 100
Q40 - [I find working with computers very easy.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.
Frequency Percent Refused 34 1.7 Strongly Agree 350 17.4 Agree 479 23.8 Somewhat Agree 448 22.3 Neutral 397 19.7 Somewhat Disagree 176 8.7 Disagree 95 4.7 Strongly Disagree 35 1.7 Total 2015 100
216
Q40 - [I always try to understand how a technology, that I use in my daily life works.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.
Frequency Percent Refused 30 1.5 Strongly Agree 278 13.8 Agree 520 25.8 Somewhat Agree 519 25.8 Neutral 393 19.5 Somewhat Disagree 155 7.7 Disagree 88 4.4 Strongly Disagree 32 1.6 Total 2015 100
Q47 - Respondent beliefs of driving All of Most of Some of Rarely Never the the time the time time … the driver is the most important 59.3% 28.6% 6.8% .8% 3.0% component of safe driving … the vehicle is the most important 10.9% 23% 43.9% 13.6% 7% component of safe driving
Emergency Situation Q89 – Please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off. Yes No Gas pedal 7.6% 92.4% Brakes 51.1% 48.9% Anti-lock braking system 14.3% 85.7% Ignition 19.9% 80.1% Gears (will still shift) 19 % 80.1% Emergency brake 66.4% 33.6% Power steering 7.3% 92.7% Headlights 61.7% 38.3% Interior lights 58.5% 41.5% Emergency hazard lights 66.7% 33.3% Airbags 39% 61% Seatbelts (will still tighten) 57.1% 42.9% Don’t know 15.4% 84.6%
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Seeking Information Q48 – Have you ever driven a vehicle (whether you personally owned it or not) that acted in a way that startled you or that you did not expect? Frequency Percent Refused 21 1.1 Yes 813 40.3 No 1038 51.5 Don't know 143 7.1 Total 2015 100
Q49 – Seek information to understand why the vehicle behaved the way it did? (those that answered ‘NO’ to Q48 did not receive this question) Frequency Percent
Refused 18 0.9 Yes 652 32.4 No 194 9.6 Don't know 113 5.6 Total 977 48.5 Missing System 18 0.9 Total 2015 652
218
Q50 – In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?
Frequency Yes Internet 1147 56.9% Online Video 425 21.1% Online forums 314 15.6% Contact local mechanic 1046 51.9% Contact dealership of purchase 969 48.1% Visit the dealership 519 25.8% Visit a dealership of the vehicle’s brand 547 27.2% Contact the manufacturer 310 15.4% Check the manufacturer’s website 532 26.4% Government safety website 318 15.8% Books 154 7.6% Brochures, pamphlets 104 5.2% Read the owner’s manual 991 49.2% Social media (Facebook, twitter) 95 4.7% Ask friends or family 834 41.4% Learn by trial and error 179 8.9% None of the above 80 4% Other, please specify 24 1.2%
By gender: Internet – Google Search Total No Yes Gender Male 408 617 1025 Female 461 529 990 Total 869 1146 2015 • Men slightly preferred the online videos and online forums • Females slightly preferred to contact their local mechanic, contact the dealership, but men were slightly more likely to visit a dealership or contact the manufacturer
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• Females were more likely to ask friends or family and men were nearly double as likely to learn by trial and error By age: Count Internet - Google search Total No Yes Age - 4 Categories 18-29 112 256 387 30-44 128 375 535 45-59 80 496 594 60+ 60 428 499 Total 3800 1555 2015 • Age groups 18-29 and 30-44 were more likely than the other age groups to use online videos and online forums • Age groups 45-59 and 60+ reported more preference to visiting the dealership or contacting the dealership or their local mechanic and read the owner’s manual Q52 – Have you ever checked the owner’s manual for information? Read the owner’s manual (for information) No Yes Age - 4 Categories 18-29 112 256 30-44 128 128 45-59 80 496 60+ 60 428 Total 380 1555
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Q54 - Technologies likely to purchase (if buying a new vehicle) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ACC 11.4% 5.6% 6.8% 7.5% 11.3% 15.5% 40.3% Blind Spot 19.6% 21.2% 21.2% 15.7% 10.9% 7.3% 2.1% Warning Forward 11% 12.6% 16.1% 19.6% 19.1% 14.5% 5.2% Collision Warning Lane 2.6% 8.6% 15.5% 24.6% 20.1% 18.5% 8% Departure Warning Drowsiness 12.6% 7.8% 11.5% 10.2% 15.1% 17.5% 23.5% and attention alert
Back up 11.5% 27% 14.7% 11.2% 12.6% 13.4% 7.9% warning system Back up 32.9% 14.5% 11.5% 8.2% 8.2% 10.5% 12.6% camera
Crosstab: Age group and Back up camera purchase preference [Back-up camera] Back-up camera 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Age 18-29 139 52 40 29 29 33 54 30-44 192 81 60 46 27 45 75 45-59 190 92 70 49 53 65 65 60+ 142 66 63 41 56 68 61
Crosstab: Gender and Back up camera purchase preference [Back-up camera] Back-up camera 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Age Male 324 137 109 85 92 113 146
Female 338 154 124 81 73 98 108
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Crosstab: Age group and Blind spot warning preference [Blind spot detection] Blind spot detection 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Age 18-29 62 99 98 49 36 19 9
30-44 95 108 104 97 62 44 14 45-59 117 118 120 102 71 45 11 60+ 121 103 106 69 50 40 9
Crosstab: Gender and Blind spot warning purchase preference [Blind spot detection] Blind spot detection 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Gender Male 176 218 214 169 113 81 27 Female 218 210 213 147 107 67 15
222