Mexican species of Lathrolestes Förster (: ; ), with descriptions of four new species and an identification key

Alexey V. Reshchikov

The Mexican species of Lathrolestes Förster, 1869 are revised for the first time. Four species are described as new: Lathrolestes xochiquetzalis sp. n., L. quetzalcoatlus sp. n., L. tepeyollotlis sp. n. and L. kukulcanis sp. n. An illustrated key to the Mexican species is provided. Department of Entomology, St. Petersburg State University, Mendeleevskaya liniya, 7, St. Petersburg, Russia, 19903, e-mail: [email protected]

Introduction Gauld and two Nearctic species, Lathrolestes asperatus The Mexican fauna of the large subfamily Cten- Barron, 1994 and L. erugatus Barron, 1994 as they opelmatinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) is have white median bands on the antennal flagellum very poorly known – there are currently only seven (excluding L. haroldi Gauld, 1997) (Figs 1–6), a species known from Mexico (Cresson 1868, 1874; reddish-yellow body (Figs 2, 5) or a reddish-yellow Townes and Townes 1966; Barron 1992, 1994). body with black and yellow marks (Figs 1, 3, 4, 6), The Lathrolestes Förster, 1869 (Hymenoptera, strongly raised propodeal carinae (Figs 15–18) and a Ichneumonidae), mostly of tenthredi- complete occipital carina. A key to Mexican species nid , is a large, mainly Holarctic genus with of Lathrolestes is provided. Six closely related species 75 described species (Yu et al. 2005; Reshchikov from the adjacent territories (two reported from the et al., 2010). Of these, 37 species occur in the Nearc- South of the USA and four from Costa Rica) are also tic region (Barron 1994; Reshchikov et al., 2010), included in the key. All the species were examined 26 species in the Palearctic region, predominantly from available material. Europe (Yu et al. 2005), one species in the Afrotropi- cal region, Congo (Benoit 1955), four species in the Neotropics, Costa Rica (Gauld et al. 1997), and four Materials and methods species in the Oriental region (Uchida 1932, 1940; This work is based on the material of the Universi- Reshchikov, 2010) dad Autónoma de Tamaulipas in Ciudad Victoria, No species of Lathrolestes have been recorded in México. Taxonomy is accepted as in the software Mexico before this work. In the most recent work program TaxaPad (Yu et al. 2005). Morphological on neotropical ctenopelmatines, Gauld (in Gauld terminology used in the study largely follows that et al. 1997) described four species from Costa Rica. of Gauld (1997). Specimens of Lathrolestes aspera- Seven Nearctic species have been recorded from the tus Barron, 1994, L. erugatus Barron, 1994 (the southern states of the USA (Barron 1994). Four spe- Canadian National Collection, Ottawa, Ontario, cies are described in this paper as new: Lathrolestes Canada), L. haroldi Gauld, 1997, and L. irenea xochiquetzalis sp. n., L. quetzalcoatlus sp. n., L. tepe- Gauld, 1997 (the American Entomological Institute, yollotlis sp. n. and L. kukulcanis sp. n.. These spe- Gainesville, Florida, USA,) were examined. The key cies resemble the Costa Rican species described by and descriptions are illustrated with photographs

Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 154: 15–24, Figs 1–29. [ISSN 0040–7496]. http://www.nev.nl/tve © 2011 Nederlandse Entomologische Vereniging. Published 1 June 2011.

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1 2

3 4

5 6

Figs 1–6. Habitus views of Mexican and Costa Rican Lathrolestes. – 1, L. xochiquetzalis; 2, L. quetzalcoatlus; 3, L. irenea; 4, L. kukulcanis; 5, L. tepeyollotlis; 6, L. haroldi.

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7 8

9 10

Figs 7–10. Heads of Mexican species of Lathrolestes. – 7, L. xochiquetzalis; 8, L. quetzalcoatlus; 9, L. tepeyollotlis; 10, L. kukulcanis.

(Figs 1–29). Photos were taken with a Leica MZ6 Taxonomy stereomicroscope attached to a Qimaging digital camera, combined using Auto-Montage®, and edited Key to species of Mexican Lathrolestes in Adobe Photoshop CS3 in the Academy of Natu- ral Sciences of Philadelphia. The holotypes of the 1. Metasoma black except basal part of first new species were obtained from Dr. Enrique Ruíz- tergite. Mesosoma mostly black ...... Cancino (División de Estudios de Postgrado e Inves- ...... L. karenae Gauld, 1997 tigación, UAM Agronomía y Ciencias, Universidad – Metasoma not black ...... 2 Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Cd. Victoria, México) 2. Tergites of metasoma uniformly reddish- and are deposited at the Universidad Autónoma de yellow (Figs 2, 5) ...... 3 Tamaulipas, Cd. Victoria, México. – Tergites of metasoma black and yellow or only some tergites reddish-yellow (Figs 1, 3, 4, 6) ...... 6

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3. Fore wing hyaline at apex (Fig. 5). First with strong longitudinal dorsal carinae. Pro- tergite of metasoma short, 1.25 times as long podeum with apical transverse carina con- as wide (Fig. 13) ...... 4 cave (Fig. 29). Hind coxa yellow, ventrally – Fore wing infuscate at apex (Fig. 2). First black, hind femur yellow, externally black . . tergite of metasoma longer (Fig. 12) ...... 5 ...... L. jennyae Gauld, 1997 4. Area superomedia 1.4 times as long as wide. Costula arises from dorsal longitudinal ca- Lathrolestes xochiquetzalis sp. n. rina at the middle of area superomedia. Figs 1, 7, 11, 15, 19, 23 White ring of antenna wide, approximately 11–27th article . . . . . L. asperatus Barron, 1994 Type material. Holotype: /, Mexico, Tamaulipas, – Area superomedia 1.8 times as long as wide; G. Farias, Los Cedros. Malaise Trap, 29 June 1999, costula arises from dorsal longitudinal carina S. Hernandez A. Paratypes: /, Mexico, Tama- at upper part of area superomedia (Fig. 17). ulipas, G. Farias, Altas Cimas. 2 November 1990, White ring of antenna narrower, approxi- E. Ruiz C.; 2 ?, Mexico, Tamaulipas, G. Farias, mately 11–18 (Fig. 5) . . . . . L. tepeyollotlis sp. n. Altas Cimas. Malaise Trap, 5–12 June 1999, S. Her- 5. Area superomedia twice as long as wide. Cos- nandez A.; 4 ?, Mexico, Tamaulipas, G. Farias, tula absent. First tergite of metasoma with- Altas Cimas. Malaise Trap, 12–19 June 1999, out dorsal longitudinal carinae ...... S. Hernandez A.; ?, Mexico, Tamaulipas, G. Farias, ...... L. erugatus Barron, 1994 Altas Cimas. Malaise Trap, 19–26 June 1999, – Area superomedia as long as wide. Costula S. Hernandez A.; ?, Mexico, Tamaulipas, present (Fig. 16). First tergite of metasoma G. Farias, Altas Cimas. Malaise Trap, 17–24 July with dorsal longitudinal carinae (Fig. 12) . . 1999, S. Hernandez A.; ?, Mexico, Tamaulipas, ...... L. quetzalcoatlus sp. n. G. Farias, Altas Cimas. Malaise Trap, 10–17 August 6. Antennal flagellum orange-brown basally 1999, S. Hernandez A.; ?, Mexico, Tamaulipas, (Fig. 6). Pterostigma translucent golden. G. Farias, Altas Cimas. Malaise Trap, 21–28 Aug Area superomedia 1.5 times as long as wide . ust 1999, S. Hernandez A.; 4 ?, Mexico, Tama- ...... L. haroldi Gauld, 1997 ulipas, G. Farias, Altas Cimas. Malaise Trap, 12– – Antennal flagellum black basally (Figs 1–5). 19 June 2000, D. Kasparyan. Pterostigma dark brown or black (Figs 1–5). Area superomedia shorter, 1.1–1.4 times as Description long as wide (Fig. 15) or longer, 1.6 times as Body length 7–10 mm. Antennal flagellum with long as wide (Fig. 18) ...... 7 34–41 segments. Scape 0.72 times as long as wide. 7. Middle of face black (Fig. 10). Last tergites Head not narrowed behind eyes, temple rounded. of metasoma reddish-yellow (Fig. 4). Area Maximum length of temple 0.8 transverse eye superomedia 1.6 times as long as wide diameter; minimum length 0.6 transverse eye (Fig. 18). Transverse carina bordering area diameter. Face 0.95 height of eye, moderately petiolaris straight (Fig. 18). First tergite of convex, bulging centrally, shining. Clypeus separated metasoma twice as long as wide, with weak from face by shallow impression; apical margin of longitudinal carina (Fig. 14) ...... clypeus moderately obtuse, with dense long white ...... L. kukulcanis sp. n. hairs. Posterior ocellus separated from eye by 1.5 – Face entirely yellow (Fig. 7). Area superome- times its maximum diameter. Clypeal foveae large dia 1.1–1.4 times as long as wide (Fig. 15). (Fig. 7). Malar space as wide as 0.23 of basal mandi- First tergite of metasoma 1.6–1.9 times as ble width. Lower mandible tooth longer than upper. long as wide (Fig. 11) ...... 8 Occipital carina complete, not intercepting hypos- 8. Propodeum with apical transverse carina for- tomal carina. micate (Figs 15, 27). Area superomedia 1.1 Mesosoma slightly shining, punctate, bearing white times as long as wide . . . L. xochiquetzalis sp. n. hairs. Fore margin of collar with shallow notch, col- – Propodeum with apical transverse carina lar with weak longitudinal carina. Notaulus shallowly concave or straight ...... 9 impressed anteriorly. Epicnemial carina strongly 9. Propleuron yellow. First tergite of metasoma raised at lower part of mesopleuron, not reaching with weak longitudinal dorsal carinae. Pro- pronotum. Mesopleuron shining, punctate (Fig. 19). podeum with apical transverse carina straight Fore tibia with apical, distal tooth. Tarsal claws pecti- (Fig. 28). Hind coxa and femur entirely yel- nate with teeth of uneven height (Fig. 23). Fore wing low (Fig. 3) ...... L. irenea Gauld, 1997 with areolet petiolate. Radius intercepting stigma at – Propleuron black. First tergite of metasoma its middle. Second recurrent vein with single bulla.

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Nervellus intercepted below middle. Nervulus inter- minimal length of temple to transverse eye diameter stitial. Propodeal carinae complete, strongly raised; ratio 0.57. Face wide to longitudinal eye diameter apical transverse carina formicate (Figs 15, 27); area ratio 0.97; moderately convex, with bulge; shining. superomedia 1.1 times as long as wide (Fig. 15). Clypeus separated from face by shallow impres- Metasoma matt, sparsely setose, granulate. First sion; apical margin of clypeus moderately obtuse; metasomal tergum 0.64 as long as apically wide; apical part of clypeus with dense long hairs. Pos- prominent dorsally in profile; without shallow terior ocellus separated from eye by 1.8 times its median longitudinal impression, bordered by lateral own maximum diameter. Clypeal foveae not large and median longitudinal carinae (Fig. 11). Second (Fig. 8). Malar space as wide as 0.33 of basal mandi- metasomal tergum transverse. Apical metasomal ble width. Lower mandible tooth longer than upper. segments compressed laterally. Ovipositor straight, The occipital carina complete, not intercepting the 0.7 height of last tergite, without notch or nodus hypostomal carina. at apex, swollen at base. Parameres wide basally, Mesosoma shining, punctate, bearing scarce hairs. longer than aedeagus, evenly rounded. Fore margin of collar with shallow notch; collar Color. Body yellow with black marks (Fig. 1). Man- with weak longitudinal carina. Notaulus distinctly dible black apically. Antenna black with white band impressed at base. The epicnemial carina raised at on segments 10–18. Apical part of clypeus black. lower part of mesopleuron, not reaching the pro- Face black dorsally, medially, between antennal notum. Mesopleuron shining, punctate (Fig. 20). bases, and around occeli, occiput black. Pronotum First tibia with an apical, distal tooth. Tarsal claws and propleuron black with roundish yellow spot. pectinate with high teeth (Fig. 24). Forewing with Mesoscutum with three black longitudinal bands. areolet not petiolate. Radius intercepting stigma Upper part of mesopleuron black (Fig. 19). Hind just before its middle. Second recurrent vein with part of metasomal tergites except first tergite black. a single bulla. Nervellus intercepted just below Stigma brown. Fore wing infuscate at apex. ?. Api- middle. Nervulus interstitial. Propodeal carinae cal part of clypeus and last segments of metasoma complete, strongly raised; apical transverse carina yellow, otherwise as in /. straight (Fig. 16); area superomedia as long as wide (Fig. 16). Comments Metasoma matt, sparsely setose, punctate on granu- This species differs from the closely related L. irenea late surface. First metasomal tergum width to length and L. jennyae by the apical transverse carina formi- ratio 0.58; prominent dorsally in profile; without cate (Figs 15, 27); the area superomedia is 1.1 times shallow median longitudinal impression; bordered as long as wide (Figs 15); the first tergite of the meta- by lateral and medial longitudinal carinae. Second soma is 1.6 times as long as wide (Fig. 11) as distinct metasomal tergum transverse. Apical metasomal seg- from the Yucatan L. kukulcanis. ments cylindrical. Ovipositor straight, as long as 0.8 of height of last tergite, without notch and nodus at Distribution apex, swollen at base. Parameres wide basally, longer Mexico. than aedeagus. Color. Body reddish-yellow (Fig. 2). Mandible black Etymology apically. Antenna black, with segments 12–19 white. The species epithet refers to the Aztec goddess Face, scapus and malar spece yellow. Stigma black. Xochiquetzal. Forewing at apex infuscate. Comments. The species differs from the closely Lathrolestes quetzalcoatlus sp. n. related L. erugatus Barron, 1994 by the presence of a costula, short area superomedia (Fig. 16), and dor- Figs 2, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24. sal longitudinal carinae of first tergite of metasoma Type material. Holotype. /, Mexico, Tamaulipas, (Fig. 12). G. Farias, Alta Cima, Malaise Trap, 4–12 August 2000, D. Kasparyan. Paratype: ?, Mexico, exact Distribution locality unknown. Mexico.

Description Etymology Body length 7–9 mm. Antennal flagellum with The species epithet refers to Aztec god Quetzalcoatl. 38–39 segments. Width to length ratio of scapus 0.8. Head narrowed behind the eyes. Maximal length of temple to transverse eye diameter ratio 0.8;

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15 11

12

16

13 17

14 18 Figs 11–14. First metasomal tergites of Mexican species of Lathrolestes. – 11, L. xochiquetzalis; 12, L. quetzalcoatlus; 13, L. tepeyollotlis; 14, L. kukulcanis Figs 15–18. Propodeum of Mexican Lathrolestes. – 15, L. xochiquetzalis; 16, L. quetzalcoatlus; 17, L. tepeyollotlis; 18, L. kukulcanis.

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19 20

21 22 Figs 19–22. Mesopleuron of Mexican Lathrolestes. – 19, L. xochiquetzalis; 20, L. quetzalcoatlus; 21, L. tepeyollotlis; 22, L. kukulcanis.

sp. n. Lathrolestes tepeyollotlis Description Figs 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25 Body length 7 mm. Antennal flagellum with 39 seg- Type material. Holotype. /, Mexico, Coahuila, ments. Width to length ratio of scapus 0.8. Head not Arteaga, Ranc. Rincon de los Pinos (Huerta de narrowed behind the eyes. Maximal length of temple Marzano), 8 July 2000, S. Hernandez A.; Paratype. to transverse eye diameter ratio 0.68; minimal length ?, Mexico, Coahuila, Arteaga, Jame, 7 km W Lirios, of temple to transverse eye diameter ratio 0.54. 2300m, 11 July 2000, D. Kasparyan. Face wide to longitudinal eye diameter ratio 0.89;

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moderately convex, with bulge; shining. Clypeus Description separated from face by shallow impression; apical Body length 6 mm. Antennal flagellum with 34 seg- margin of clypeus moderately obtuse. Posterior ocel- ments. Width to length ratio of scapus 0.7. Head lus separated from eye by 2 times its own maximum very slightly narrowed behind the eyes, temple diameter. Clypeal foveae not large (Fig. 9). Width rounded. Maximal length of temple to transverse of malar space 0.5 of basal mandible width. Lower eye diameter ratio 0.67; minimal length of temple mandible tooth longer than upper. The occipital to transverse eye diameter ratio 0.44. Face as wide carina complete, not intercepting the hypostomal as longitudinal eye diameter; moderately convex, carina. with bulge; shining. Clypeus separated from face by Mesosoma shining, punctate, bearing scarce hairs. shallow impression; apical margin of clypeus moder- Notaulus not impressed. The epicnemial carina ately obtuse; apical part of clypeus with dense long raised at lower part of mesopleuron, not reaching the yellow hairs. Posterior ocellus separated from eye pronotum. Mesopleuron shining, punctate (Fig. 21). by 1.6 times its maximum diameter. Clypeal foveae First tibia with an apical, distal tooth. Tarsal claws large (Fig. 10). Width of malar space 0.3 of basal pectinate with not height teeth (Fig. 25). Forewing mandible width. Lower mandible tooth longer than with areolet petiolate. Radius intercepting stigma at upper. Occipital carina complete, not intercepting its middle. Second recurrent vein with a single bulla. the hypostomal carina. Nervellus intercepted just below middle. Nervulus Mesosoma shining, punctate, bearing sparse yellow- interstitial. Propodeal carinae complete; apical trans- ish hairs. Fore margin of collar with shallow notch; verse carina formicate (Fig. 17); area superomedia collar with weak longitudinal carina. Notaulus not 1.8 times as long as wide; costula cross dorsal lon- impressed. The epicnemial carina raised at lower part gitudinal carina at upper part of area superomedia of mesopleuron, not reaching the pronotum. Meso- (Fig. 17). pleuron shining, coriaceous, punctate (Fig. 22). First Metasoma matt, punctate. First metasomal tergum tibia with an apical, distal tooth. Tarsal claws pecti- width to length ratio 0.78; not prominent dorsally nate with not height teeth (Fig. 26). Forewing with in profile; without shallow median longitudinal areolet petiolate. Radius intercepting stigma at its impression; bordered only by lateral longitudinal middle. Second recurrent vein with a single bulla. carinae. Second metasomal tergum transverse. Apical Nervellus intercepted below middle. Nervulus inter- metasomal segments cylindrical. Ovipositor straight, stitial. Propodeal carinae complete, strongly raised; as long as 0.8 of height of last tergite, without notch apical transverse carina straight (Fig 18); area supero- and nodus at apex, swollen at base. Parameres wide media 1.6 times as long as wide; transverse carina basally, longer than aedeagus. bordering area petiolaris straight (Fig. 18). Color. / and ?. Body reddish-yellow (Fig. 5). Man- Metasoma matt, granulate. First metasomal tergum dible black apically. Antenna black, with segments width to length ratio 0.53 (Fig. 14); slightly promi- 11–18 white. Face, scapus and malar space yellow. nent dorsally in profile; with shallow median lon- Stigma black. Forewing clear. gitudinal impression; bordered by lateral longitudi- nal carinae only basally. Second metasomal tergum Comments transverse. Apical metasomal segments compressed The species differs from the closely related L. aspera- laterally. Ovipositor straight, as long as 0.8 of height tus Barron, 1994 by elongate area superomedia, posi- of last tergite, without notch and nodus at apex, tion of costula, (Fig. 17), and lower number of white swollen at base. antennal segments (Fig. 5). Color. /. Body yellow with black marks (Fig. 4). Mandible black apically. Antenna black, with seg- Distribution ments 10–18 white. Apical part of clypeus, middle Mexico. part of face, space between antennae and around acceli, occiput black. Pronotum and propleuron Etymology black without roundish yellow spot. Mesoscutum The species epithet refers to Aztec god Tepeyollotl. with three black longitudinal bands. Upper part of mesopleuron black (Fig. 22). Basal part of pro- Lathrolestes kukulcanis sp. n. podeum black. Middle part of first tergite of meta- soma and fore part of second and 3rd tergites black. Figs 4, 10, 14, 18, 22, 26 Hind part of three first tergites of metasoma yellow. Type material. Holotype. /, Mexico, Yucatan, Sud- Otherwise metasoma reddish-yellow. Stigma brown. zal Chico (SMSP), XI.1999, H. Delfin. Forewing at apex infuscate.

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23 24 25 26 Figs 23–26. Tarsal claws of Mexican Lathrolestes. – 23, L. xochiquetzalis; 24, L. quetzalcoatlus; 25, L. tepeyollotlis; 26, L. kukulcanis

27 28 29 Figs 27–29. Shape of area superomedia and apical transverse carina of Mexican and Costa Rican Lathrolestes. – 27, L. xochiquetzalis; 28, L. irenea; 29, L. jennyae.

Comments References The species differs from the closely related L. xochi- Barron, J.R., 1992. The Nearctic species of Perilissus (Hy- quetzalis sp. nov., L. irenea Gauld, 1997 and L. jen- menoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ctenopelmatinae). – Ca- nyae Gauld, 1997 by coloration of face (Fig. 10) nadian Entomologist 124: 211–272. and last tergites of metasoma (Fig. 4), shape of area Barron, J.R., 1994. The Nearctic species of Lathrolestes superomedia (Fig. 18), and weak longitudinal carina (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ctenopelmatinae). (Fig. 14). – Contributions of the American Entomological Institute 28(3): 1–135. Benoit, P.L.G., 1955. Contributions a l’étude des Ich- Distribution neumonidae africains (Hymenoptera). I. Annales du Mexico. Musée Royal du Congo Belge. – Sciences Zoologiques 38: 1–55. Etymology Cresson, E.T., 1868. Catalogue of a collection of Hy- The species epithet refers to Mayan god Kukulcán. menoptera made by Prof. F. Sumichrast near Cordova, Mexico. – Transactions of the American Entomologi- cal Society 2: 1–38. Acknowledgements Cresson, E.T., 1874. Descriptions of Mexican Ichneumo- I would like to thank Dr. Enrique Ruíz-Cancino nidae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences (División de Estudios de Postgrado e Investi- of Philadelphia 1873: 374–413. gación, UAM Agronomía y Ciencias, Universidad Gauld, I.D., D. Wahl, K. Bradshaw, P.E. Hanson & Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Cd. Victoria, México) S. Ward, 1997. The Ichneumonidae of Costa Rica, 2. and Dr. Andrey Khalaim (Zoological Institute, Rus- Introduction and keys to species of the smaller sub- families, Anomaloninae, Ctenopelmatinae, Diplazon- sian Academy of Sciences, St.Petersburg, Russia) for tinae, Lycorininae, Phrudinae, (exclud- their help in providing material, Gavin Broad and ing ) and Xoridinae, with an appendices on the other reviewers for their amendments and useful Rhyssinae. – Memoirs of the American Entomological comments. This article was prepared at the Entomol- Institute 57: 1–485. ogy Department of the Academy of Natural Sciences Reshchikov, A., 2010. Two new species of Lathrolestes of Philadelphia during my work as a Jessup Fellow. Förster (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) from Tai-

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wan and Japan. – Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 153: Uchida, T., 1940. Die von Herrn O. Piel gesammelten 197–202. chinesischen Ichneumonidenarten (Fortsetzung). Reshchikov, A.V., A. Soper & R.G. Van Driesche, 2010. – Insecta Matsumurana 14: 115–131. Review and key to Nearctic Lathrolestes Förster (Hy- Yu, D.S., K. van Achterberg & K. Horstmann, 2005. menoptera: Ichneumonidae), with special reference to World Ichneumonoidea 2004. Taxonomy, Biology, species attacking leaf mining tenthredinid sawflies in Morphology and Distribution. CD/DVD. – Taxapad, Betula Linnaeus (Betulaceae). – Zootaxa 2614: 1–17. Vancouver, Canada. http://www.taxapad.com/ [visited Townes, H.K. & M. Townes, 1966. A catalogue and reclas- on 14 February 2011] sification of the Neotropic Ichneumonidae. – Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 8: 1–367. Uchida, T., 1932. Sauter‘s Formosa-Ausbeute. Ichneumo- nidae (Hym.). – Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Received: 26 August 2010 Hokkaido University 33: 133–222. Accepted: 7 February 2011

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