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Big Secrets in Small Genes the Brain, Inflammation, Cancer, And
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH • OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR | VOLUME 25 ISSUE 6 • NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2017 Big Secrets in Small The Brain, Inflammation, Cancer, and More Genes Report from the 2017 NIH Research Festival The Work of Gisela Storz, Ph.D. BY JENNIFER PATTERSON-WEST, NIDDK Her colleagues laughed at her “crazy idea” when she was a graduate student at the University of California, Berkeley, in the 1980s. Gisela Storz had predicted that a single protein (OxyR) could sense a destructive oxidant, hydro- gen peroxide, bind to DNA, and turn on genes that would neutralize the threat. But Storz has gotten the last laugh. Turns D. NEMECEK, J.B. HEYMANN, A.C. STEVEN, NIAMS out that her hypothesis was correct. Storz, now a distinguished investigator at the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and a member of the National Academy of Sciences, continued to study OxyR throughout her training and later as an investigator at NIH. For many years, her lab studied redox-sensitive transcription factors and the bacterial and yeast responses to oxidative stress. Her group discovered that the activity of the Escherichia coli transcription factor You guessed right: The bacteriophage Phi-6, which serves as a model system for rotavirus, the most common cause of diarrheal disease among infants and young children. Shown here, a cryo-electron microscopy image of Phi-6‘s protein shell, OxyR is regulated by a reversible disulfide- or procapsid, cut open to show the different types of protein: P1 (blue), P4 (red), P7, yellow, and P2 (purple). bond formation (Science 279:1718–1721, 1998). -
Dsra RNA Regulates Translation of Rpos Message by an Anti-Antisense Mechanism, Independent of Its Action As an Antisilencer of Transcription
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 95, pp. 12462–12467, October 1998 Genetics DsrA RNA regulates translation of RpoS message by an anti-antisense mechanism, independent of its action as an antisilencer of transcription NADIM MAJDALANI†,CHRISTOFER CUNNING‡,DARREN SLEDJESKI§,TOM ELLIOTT‡, AND SUSAN GOTTESMAN†¶ †Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; §Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, OH 43614; and ‡Department of Microbiology and Immunology, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV 26506 Contributed by Susan Gottesman, August 19, 1998 ABSTRACT DsrA RNA regulates both transcription, by MATERIALS AND METHODS overcoming transcriptional silencing by the nucleoid- Bacterial Strains. Unless otherwise noted, strains were associated H-NS protein, and translation, by promoting effi- 1 D cient translation of the stress s factor, RpoS. These two derivatives of either NM22180 (dsrA ) or NM22181 ( dsrA). activities of DsrA can be separated by mutation: the first of These isogenic strains, derived by P1 transduction from three stem-loops of the 85 nucleotide RNA is necessary for SG20250 (3), carry deletions of the lac operon and of the ara RpoS translation but not for anti-H-NS action, while the region, introduced from LMG194 (4). The dsrA deletion was introduced by P1 transduction from strain DDS719, selecting second stem-loop is essential for antisilencing and less critical R for RpoS translation. The third stem-loop, which behaves as for the linked Tet marker and screened by PCR as described a transcription terminator, can be substituted by the trp previously (2). The various rpoS-lac fusions were constructed transcription terminator without loss of either DsrA function. -
Curriculum Vitae
Robin W. Morgan, Ph.D. Professor, Department of Animal and Food Sciences Delaware Biotechnology Institute 15 Innovation Way University of Delaware Newark, DE 19716-2103 (302) 383-4806 (phone) Email: [email protected] EDUCATION • Meredith College, Raleigh, North Carolina, B.S., Biology, 1977 • The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, Ph.D., Biology, 1982 • University of California, Berkeley, California, Post-doctoral fellow, Biochemistry, 1982-1985 PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE • Dean and Director of the Agricultural Experiment Station, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, July 2002-July 2012 • Acting Dean, Director of the Agricultural Experiment Station, and Director of Cooperative Extension, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, July 2001-June 2002 • Associate Dean for Research and Associate Director of the Agricultural Experiment Station, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, 2000- 2001 • Professor, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE; 1996-present • Joint appointment in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 1993-present • Joint appointment in the Department of Biology, University of Delaware, 1990- present • Assistant Department Chairperson, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 1992-2000 • Associate Professor, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 1991-1996 • Assistant Professor, Department -
The Science of Stress
The Scientist : The Science of Stress http://www.the-scientist.com/article/print/55118/ The Scientist Volume 22 | Issue 11 | Page 54 By Karen Hopkin The Science of Stress NIH's Gisela Storz has spent her career drilling down to the core of questions such as how bacteria respond to oxidants - work that has taken her in some unexpected directions. Her initial model was deceptively simple. As a graduate student exploring Escherichia coli's response to oxidative stress, Gisela "Gigi" Storz proposed that a protein called OxyR interacts directly with potentially destructive oxidants, such as hydrogen peroxide, and then switches on the genes needed to neutralize the threat. However, her colleagues were not impressed. "We thought her hypothesis was naïve," says James Imlay of the University of Illinois, who was a fellow student at the University of California, Berkeley at the time. "She was suggesting that this protein could directly © Jason Varney | Varneyphoto.com sense hydrogen peroxide and then bind to DNA and act as a transcriptional regulator―that a single protein did the whole job. There was just no precedent." At a practice run of the talk that Storz was to present to her thesis committee as part of her preliminary exam, Imlay says, "we just tore her apart. In the time-honored, senior grad-student style, we criticized her up one side and down the other." 1 of 5 11/26/08 8:24 AM The Scientist : The Science of Stress http://www.the-scientist.com/article/print/55118/ Related Articles Making Pretty Pictures 2008 Lasker Awards announced MicroRNAs: An emerging portrait Of course, "Gigi passed her exam," he says.