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Appendix ImagineSydney Create | 2017

Appendix A: measuring innovation activity

Our ability to come up with and implement As such, it is important to consider not just In 1990, Michael Porter’s Competitive new ideas can be measured at a range of how innovation occurs within a given category, Advantage of Nations defined clusters as levels. An individual may be relatively strong but how ideas are created and spread across “groups of interconnected firms, suppliers, at entrepreneurship compared to peers. a broader innovation system. related industries and specialised One organisation may be more willing to institutions in particular fields that explore and implement process improvements When we think of innovation success stories are present in particular locations.” than others in its industry. Expenditure on globally, we point to not just individual research and development may vary by organisations, but increasingly more to places. And these interconnected networks can business sizes and industries. Beyond Silicon Valley, hubs in Singapore, stimulate the development and adoption Israel, Europe, the United Kingdom, India and of new ideas. Each of these is a valid lens for Korea have all illustrated the value of co-location. analysing activity. Starting with Marshall’s economies of “Clusters create competitive But innovation doesn’t occur in a vacuum. agglomeration in the late 19th century, advantage by increasing the The focus is increasingly on innovation there is a large body of literature which ‘systems’ – networks of organisations, discusses the importance of place in productivity of companies individuals and frameworks, which enable determining business success. and contribute to innovation. based in the cluster; by driving the direction and “An innovation system is an open network of organisations pace of innovation… and by that interact with each other and operate within framework stimulating the formation of new businesses...”2 conditions that regulate their activities and interactions. The three components of the innovation system — networks, Thus, we focus our analysis on the performance of regions – their ability to generate new ideas innovation activities and framework conditions — collectively and to implement them. function to produce and diffuse innovations that have, in aggregate, economic, social and/or environmental value.”1

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Appendix B: the Create Heat Index

Deloitte’s Create Heat Map is a graphical Composition of the Create Heat Index representation of the Create Heat Index (CHI). The CHI was created by Deloitte Access Economics with expert input from the University of Technology Sydney. It considers how regions perform using two dimensions of innovation: outputs and inputs. Innovation outputs Innovation inputs Our regions are defined in accordance with the Australian Bureau of Statistics’ Australian Statistical Research & Human Networking & Product Process Marketing Organisational Institutions development Geography Standard (2011) to ensure consistency capital collaboration with our data sources. Specifically, we determine (R&D) the innovation performance of each Statistical Patents Process Trademarks Stock of Education Universities Spending on Collaboration Area 2 (SA2) in the Greater Sydney Region. innovation active entrepreneurs and TAFEs R&D active As explained in the report, each indicator is businesses businesses standardised by dividing it by the overall working Product/service Marketing New business population in the area, and then re-indexed so innovation active innovation active entries Income Significant Business events that indicators are on comparable scales. businesses businesses businesses

Organisational/ Indicators used in the analysis managerial innovation active Working The map is based on 18 indicators that could businesses population affect a region’s demonstrated performance on deriving and implementing new or substantially Count of improved ideas, or alternatively its capacity gazelles to do the same. It also collates subjective judgement from industry and content experts Businesses that at Deloitte, based on our in-depth experience, received venture judgement and market knowledge. capital

This approach isn’t precise or perfect, but it is designed to be improved on over time to help Sydney’s individuals, businesses and government think about innovation at a more granular level.

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Outputs and services that have been introduced or ·· Marketing – The OECD defines a marketing significantly improved by businesses across innovation as “the implementation of a new OECD defines four types of innovation – each SA2 region. The indicator used is self- marketing method involving significant changes product, process, marketing and organisational reported goods and services innovation in product design or packaging, product innovation. The Australian Bureau of Statistics by businesses for each specified ANZSIC placement, product promotion or pricing.” and the Commonwealth Government (Office industry, provided by the Australian Bureau We measure marketing innovation with of the Chief Economist) also employs this of Statistics. Using the employed population two indicators: definition.3 We construct measures for each in each industry for a given SA2 region, ––Trademarks . These represent a subset of of these four types of innovation, using we apply the same proportions of goods marketing innovations, as they are typically varying indicators. and services innovation per industry and a way of identifying a unique product or aggregate these numbers. ·· Product – The OECD defines a product service that enables an improvement in innovation as “the introduction of a good ·· Process – The OECD defines a process product promotion. The indicator used is or service that is new or significantly innovation as “the implementation of a new trademark applications during 2015, and is improved with respect to its characteristics or significantly improved production or drawn from open government data provided or intended uses. This includes significant delivery method. This includes significant by IP Australia. Specifically, we count the improvements in technical specifications, changes in techniques, equipment and/or number of trademark applications from a components and materials, incorporated software.” We measure process innovation given SA2, where the SA2 of the applicant is software, user friendliness or other functional with one indicator: included in the IP Australia data. characteristics.” We measure product –– Self-reported process innovation. These –– Self-reported marketing innovation. These innovation with two indicators: numbers represent the amount of new numbers represent the amount of new ––Patents  . These represent a subset of product operational processes that have been marketing methods that have been innovations, in that they are new and/ introduced or significantly improved by introduced or significantly improved by or significantly different products. The businesses across each SA2 region. The businesses across each SA2 region. The indicator used is patent applications during indicator used is self-reported operational indicator used is self-reported marketing 2015, and is drawn from open government process innovation by businesses for each methods innovation by businesses for each data provided by IP Australia. Specifically, specified ANZSIC industry, provided by specified ANZSIC industry, provided by we count the number of patent applications the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Using the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Using from a given SA2, where the SA2 of the the employed population in each industry the employed population in each industry applicant is included in the IP Australia data. for a given SA2 region, we apply the same for a given SA2 region, we apply the same proportions of operational process innovation proportions of marketing methods innovation –– Self-reported product innovation. These per industry and aggregate these numbers. per industry and aggregate these numbers. numbers represent the amount of new goods

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·· Organisational – The OECD defines businesses for FY2014-15 for each Inputs Advanced Diploma and Diploma Level, an organisational innovation as “the SA2 region, and is provided by the Certificate Level, Year 12 or equivalent implementation of a new organisational Australian Bureau of Statistics. The inputs used in this report include indicators and those with no education. The data method in the firm’s business practices, that provide proxies for four main input groups. is sourced from ABS Table Builder ––Own-source income. This indicator workplace organisation or external relations.” These groups are human capital, institutions, Census data and covers the 2011 year. represents a measure of entrepreneurship. We measure organisational innovation with research and development, and networking The indicator used is the number of ––Income  . Household income is a common four indicators. In particular, new business and collaboration. people earning income from their own measure of human capital.6 This indicator entries and own-source income are taken to unincorporated businesses for each SA2 is represented by an index that aggregates be measures of entrepreneurship and as a We construct measures for each of these four region. The data is sourced from the the various levels of income of persons result, new organisational methods: types of innovation, using varying indicators: Australian Bureau of Statistics and by their place of work (including negative covers F Y2012-13. ·· Human capital – Innovation literature has and nil income). ––Self-reported organisational innovation. often discussed human capital as being These numbers represent the amount of –– Gazelles. These numbers represent the ––Working  population. A greater density of vital to innovation. Increased human capital new organisational/managerial processes amount of rapidly growing companies individuals in an area could increase the such as an increase in education can result that have been introduced or significantly (Gazelles) that maintain a consistent level of human capital available, as well as in an improved likelihood of opportunity improved by businesses across each SA2 expansion of both employment and improving opportunities for knowledge recognition and a perception of a greater region. The indicator used in self-reported turnover for a prolonged period. These spillovers. We measure working population variety of opportunities.4 We measure human organisational/managerial process businesses have a growth rate of over as the number of individuals who listed an capital with three indicators: innovation by businesses for each specified 20 per cent per annum. The indicator used area as their primary place of work. The data ANZSIC industry, provided by the Australian is counts of gazelle businesses for each ––Education. Radical innovation has been is sourced from ABS Table Builder Census Bureau of Statistics. Using the employed SA2 for the period FY2013-15, and is drawn found to be positively associated with data and covers the 2011 year. population in each industry for a given SA2 from Deloitte analysis for Jobs for NSW. formal education. The link comes from region, we apply the same proportions human capital being developed by formal –– Venture capital funded companies. These of organisational/managerial process training and education.5 This indicator numbers represent those businesses that innovation per industry and aggregate represents an index of the level of obtained venture capital funding, which these numbers. education across each SA2 region. provides an indicator for new organisational The index is comprised of the various levels ––New business entries. These numbers methods. The data is drawn from Jobs for of education among employees in each represent entrepreneurship and new NSW for the period FY2013-15. Specifically, region, including the number of people organisational methods via entries of the number of companies receiving venture that have obtained a Postgraduate degree new businesses. The indicator used is capital funding were counted and attributed level, Graduate Diploma and Graduate counts of new entries of Australian to each SA2 region they were situated in. Certificate Level, Bachelor Degree Level,

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·· Institutions – The presence of key ·· Research and development (R&D) – ·· Networking and collaboration – institutions in a local or regional economy This attempts to capture spending that There has been literature that highlights can improve the innovative capacity of typically drives innovation. We measure inter-organisational networking as being economies. The presence of universities for investment with one indicator: important for innovative ability. Individual example can drive innovation through the firms are rarely able to innovate by ––Research and development. Previous flow of knowledge generated7. We measure themselves and never do so in a vacuum.12 literature has stated that R&D has an impact institutions with two indicators: We measure networking with two indicators: on innovation. In the past, these activities –– Universities & TAFEs. Providers of education have been considered as the main input ––Collaboration. A firm’s capacity to innovate such as universities can provide a pool in the innovation process.10 For example, is highly likely to be strengthened by a of local talent and a transfer of highly one study found that the R&D tax credits larger knowledge base, and the sharing advanced knowledge. This can be in increase the innovative output of firms of cost and risk that results from external the form of entrepreneurs starting by increasing investment in R&D.11 This collaboration.12 This indicator is represented up companies, or through other ways indicator is R&D spending, and is sourced by an index that is based on self-reported such as patenting, licensing, or joint from SA3 self-reported firm expenditure collaborative arrangements by businesses research projects.8 Many people also data by the Department of Industry and for each specified ANZSIC industry, provided see universities as places that possess Science. In order to analyse R&D spending by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Using knowledge that can be commercialised and by SA2, we equally distributed the R&D the employed population in each industry used by firms.9 This indicator is comprised spend for each SA3 by each SA2 that they for a given SA2 region, we apply the same of the number of universities and TAFEs consisted of. proportions of collaborative arrangements in each SA2 region, where the count of per industry. universities is sourced from Universities ––Business events. Firms attending business Australia and TAFE data is sourced from events are more likely to be networking TAFE NSW. and establishing relationships with others. ––Tent-pole tenants. The presence of large This indicator is represented by the counts organisations can also help to foster the of business events held in each SA2, where innovation process by attracting talent and the concentration of more business events creating knowledge spillovers. This indicator implies greater networking opportunities is comprised of the number of top 200 in that area. Data is sourced from Business organisations present in each SA2 region. Events Sydney 2015-16. The data is sourced from IBIS World.

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Aggregation methodology

Introduction Average Weighted Method (AWM) Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

The objective of this study is to develop a Create The Average Weighted Method (AWM) involves The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) uses Heat Map Index (CHI) of innovation activities all variables being given the same weight.13 This a heuristic algorithm involving a decision for the Greater Sydney SA2 regions. In bringing method implies that all variables considered hierarchy to support the analysis and together multiple indicators to develop this have the same or equal bearing on the organisation of information arising from the index, the apportioning of weightings is a crucial composite indicator. In this case, the various need to solve problems involving complex task that must be undertaken with caution. This inputs and outputs are weighted equally. decision making. It, [AHP] allows for the study has looked to the OECD’s 2008 Handbook application of data, experience, insight, and on Constructing Composite Indicators for However, the problem with this method is that intuition in a logical and thorough way within potential methodologies to be utilised. The it could disguise the absence of any statistical a hierarchy as a whole.14 The AHP method15 OECD lists seven weighting methods. This or empirical rationale behind the make-up is applied to determine the importance of study looks at two of these aggregation of the indicator. It implies that all weights are each criteria and sub-criteria required to methodologies, namely the Average Weighted equal, when in actual fact, the variables affect develop a CHI for the greater Sydney region. Method (AWM) and the Analytical Hierarchy the final indicator with varying magnitudes. The hierarchy process is illustrated in Figure Process (AHP) involving a multi-criteria A1 for outputs and Figure A2 for inputs. decision approach.

For the purpose of this report the University of Technology Sydney tested both AHP and AWM methods. The AHP method was chosen as reflected in the Create Heat Index. For fullness this Appendix also outlines the result of using the AWM.

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Figure A1

Hierarchical model of different levels on innovation output score Goal: measuring innovation Innovation output score output score

Criteria Product Process Organisational Marketing innovation innovation innovation innovation

Sub-criteria Product Marketing Patents Trademarks (self-reported) (self-reported)

Process Organisation New Own-income Gazelles VC funded (self-reported) (self-reported) business entries source

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Figure A2

Hierarchical model of different levels on innovation input score Goal: measuring innovation Innovation input score input score

Human Research and Networking and Criteria Institutions capital development (R&D) collaboration

Sub-criteria Universities Tent-pole R&D Business events Education Income Working Collaboration and TAFEs tenants spending and conferences

In order to determine the CHI score, the The following sections detail the sample importance and rank of each criteria and selection criteria, data transformations sub-criteria relating to the innovation input and data analysis. and output metrics are required. The middle tier in Figures A1 and A2 identifies the criteria and the lower tier identifies the sub-criteria relating to the corresponding criteria above. The output criteria include product innovation, process innovation, marketing innovation and organisational innovation while the input criteria include human capital, research and development, institutions, and networking and collaboration.

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Sample selection criteria and We use the following 5 steps in order to sub-criteria: education, income and working calculation of scores using AHP determine the innovation score using AHP: population, and the respondents performed the pairwise comparison among the above The sample selection for scoring the various Step 1: Identification of innovation input stated sub-criteria. indicators and sub-indicators, included and output criteria and sub-criteria respondents from different stakeholder In this step, using the methodology described in Step 3: Determination of weight using AHP groups working in the innovation space: the OECD report we have identified the criteria Following the AHP technique, the comparison academics, practitioners, policy makers from and sub-criteria for both innovation output and ratings of the respondents regarding the both government and expert consultants input respectively. The models in Figures A1 and criteria and sub-criteria of innovation outputs situated in the Sydney region. A2 list the goals, the criteria, and sub-criteria and inputs have been averaged (geometric along with their comparison factors for both mean) to obtain weights. We use Expert Choice The sample chosen provides a holistic overview innovation inputs and innovation outputs. software to determine the final weights. of those actively engaged in the innovation We perform the pairwise comparison at the process. A structured questionnaire (survey) Step 2: Collecting data criteria level and determine the weight of was developed and the data collected using Structured questionnaire was sent to each criterion. We also perform the pairwise Survey Monkey. The respondents were asked participants to collect the survey data. The comparison at the sub-criteria level and to rank the importance of innovation outputs questionnaire was pre-tested using input from determine the weight of each sub-criterion. (product, process, marketing and organisational four academics and after necessary amendment, innovation) to ‘innovation’ relative to each the questionnaire was finalised and sent to Step 4: Determination of input and other in a pairwise comparison matrix using 25 respondents. A total of 16 usable responses output score a 19-point scale developed.16 were received. The respondents were asked to We use the weight of each sub-criterion compare the importance score of innovation under innovation input and innovation output. Similarly, respondents were asked to compare output under product, process, marketing and Then based on the weights, we determine the importance of all innovation inputs (human organisational innovation criteria in a pairwise the input and output score of each region. capital, institutions, research and development, comparison matrix. Similarly, respondents and networking and collaboration)) relative were asked to compare the importance Step 5: Ranking to each other. The respondents were also score of innovation input under the criteria We calculate the Create Heat Index score for asked to compare the importance of the sub- of human capital, institutions, research each region using its weighted innovation output criteria under each criterion: for example, the and development, and networking and and input score. Based on this score, we rank all criterion human capital has three sub-criteria: collaboration. The respondents were also the regions. education, income and working population, asked to compare the importance of the and the respondents performed the pairwise sub-criteria under each criterion for example, comparison among the above stated sub-criteria. the criterion human capital has three

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Create Heat Index A detailed breakdown

Product Process Marketing Organisational Outputs Human Capital Institutions Investment Networking Inputs Overall Product Process Marketing Organisational Human Research & Networking & Area Score innovation innovation innovation innovation Outputs capital Institutions development collaboration Inputs

North Ryde – East RydeNorth Ryde - East Ryde 100 Sydney – HaymarketSydney – The - RocksHaymarket - The Rocks100 Macquarie Park – MarsfieldMacquarie Park - Marsfield 85 North Sydney – LavenderNorth Sydney Bay - Lavender Bay 81 Pyrmont – Ultimo Pyrmont - Ultimo 76 Neutral Bay – KirribilliNeutral Bay - Kirribilli 76 Erskineville – AlexandriaErskineville - Alexandria 75 Surry Hills Surry Hills 75 Redfern – ChippendaleRedfern - Chippendale 75 St Leonards – NaremburnSt Leonards - Naremburn 72 Arncliffe – BardwellArncliffe Valley - Bardwell Valley 71 Chatswood (West) Chatswood– Lane Cove (West) North - Lane Cove70 North Darlinghurst Darlinghurst 70 Ermington – RydalmereErmington - Rydalmere 70 Chullora Chullora 69 Oatlands – DundasOatlands Valley - Dundas Valley 68 Coogee – Clovelly Coogee - Clovelly 67 Willoughby – CastleWilloughby Cove – Northbridge - Castle Cove - Northbridge67 Glebe – Forest LodgeGlebe - Forest Lodge 67 Homebush Bay – SilverwaterHomebush Bay - Silverwater 67 Waterloo – BeaconsfieldWaterloo - Beaconsfield 67 Potts Point – WoolloomoolooPotts Point - Woolloomooloo 67 Lane Cove – GreenwichLane Cove - Greenwich 66 Horsley Park – KempsHorsley Creek Park - Kemps Creek 65 Bondi – TamaramaBondi – Bronte - Tamarama - Bronte 65 Wahroonga – WarraweeWahroonga - Warrawee 64 Cremorne – CammerayCremorne - Cammeray 64 Chatswood (East) –Chatswood Artarmon (East) - Artarmon 63 Monterey – Brighton-Le-SandsMonterey - Brighton-le-Sands – Kyeemagh 63- Kyeemagh Hunters Hill – WoolwichHunters Hill - Woolwich 63 North Rocks North Rocks 63 Mosman Mosman 63 Roselands Roselands 63 Eastwood – DenistoneEastwood - Denistone 63 St Ives St Ives 62 Smithfield IndustrialSmithfield Industrial 62 Crows Nest – WavertonCrows Nest - Waverton 62 Kingsgrove (North)Kingsgrove – Earlwood (North) - Earlwood61 Botany Botany 61 Glenhaven Glenhaven 61 Double Bay – BellevueDouble Hill Bay - Bellevue Hill 61 Newport – Bilgola Newport - Bilgola 61 Concord West – NorthConcord Strathfield West - North Strathfield61 Lidcombe – RegentsLidcombe Park - Regents Park 61 Concord – MortlakeConcord – Cabarita - Mortlake - Cabarita 60 Condell Park Condell Park 60 West Ryde – MeadowbankWest Ryde - Meadowbank 60 Mascot – EastlakesMascot - Eastlakes 60 Paddington – MoorePaddington Park - Moore Park 60 Newtown – CamperdownNewtown – Darlington- Camperdown - Darlington60 Lilyfield – Rozelle Lilyfield - Rozelle 60 Box Head – MacMastersBox Head Beach - MacMasters Beach60 Haberfield – SummerHaberfield Hill - Summer Hill 59 Greenacre – MountGreenacre Lewis - Mount Lewis 59 Gordon – Killara Gordon - Killara 59 Guildford – South GranvilleGuildford - South Granville 59 Fairfield East Fairfield - East 58 Padstow Padstow 58 Pymble Pymble 58 Greystanes – PemulwuyGreystanes - Pemulwuy 58 Balmain Balmain 58 Drummoyne – RoddDrummoyne Point - Rodd Point 58 Leichhardt – AnnandaleLeichhardt - Annandale 57 Frenchs Forest – BelroseFrenchs Forest - Belrose 57 Chipping Norton - Moorebank Baulkham Hills (West) - Bella Vista Maroubra 10 Gladesville - Huntleys Point Windsor - Bligh Park Freshwater - Brookvale Manly - Fairlight West Pennant Hills Rose Bay - Vaucluse - Watsons Bay Ingleburn - Denham Court Chester Hill - Sefton Punchbowl Balgowlah - Clontarf - Seaforth Homebush Calga - Kulnura Banksmeadow Lalor Park - Kings Langley Avalon - Palm Beach Toongabbie - Constitution Hill Baulkham Hills (East) Minto - St Andrews Rooty Hill - Minchinbury Kogarah Bay - Carlton - Allawah Bondi Beach - North Bondi Narrabeen - Collaroy Sydenham - Tempe - St Peters Epping - North Epping Prospect Reservoir Northmead Marrickville Dover Heights Peakhurst - Lugarno Woollahra Auburn Kogarah Warriewood - Mona Vale Girraween - Westmead Turramurra Five Dock - Abbotsford Cromer Lindfield - Roseville Glendenning Dean Park Normanhurst - Thornleigh - Westleigh Blue Mountains - North Wamberal - Forresters Beach Winston Hills Hornsby - Waitara Wetherill Park Industrial Smithfield - Wetherill Park Asquith - Mount Colah Lakemba - Wiley Park Petersham - Stanmore Casula Cronulla - Kurnell - Bundeena Kingsgrove (South) - Bardwell Park Bayview - Elanora Heights Ryde - Putney Beacon Hill - Narraweena Jilliby - Yarramalong Riverwood Caringbah - Lilli Pilli Blackheath - Megalong Valley Pagewood - Hillsdale - Daceyville Gymea - Grays Point Saratoga - Davistown Chittaway Bay - Tumbi Umbi Sylvania - Taren Point Sans Souci - Ramsgate North Parramatta Narwee - Beverly Hills Bexley Tuggerah - Kangy Angy Prestons - Lurnea Terrigal - North Avoca Blacktown (East) - Kings Park Yennora Industrial Miranda - Yowie Bay Kensington - Kingsford Niagara Park - Lisarow Cabramatta West - Mount Pritchard Doonside - Woodcroft Cherrybrook Avoca Beach - Copacabana Warragamba - Silverdale Canterbury (South) - Campsie Kellyville Croydon Park - Enfield Carlingford Toukley - Norah Head Centennial Park Point Clare - Koolewong Yagoona - Birrong Oatley - Hurstville Grove Erskine Park Manly Vale - Allambie Heights Edensor Park Macquarie Fields - Glenfield Rouse Hill - Beaumont Hills Illawong - Alfords Point Oyster Bay - Como - Jannali St Marys - Colyton Terrey Hills - Duffys Forest Seven Hills - Toongabbie Bankstown Forestville - Killarney Heights Belmore - Belfield Guildford West - Merrylands West Bossley Park - Abbotsbury Strathfield Douglas Park - Appin Budgewoi - Buff Point - Halekulani Hoxton Park - Horningsea Park Elderslie - Harrington Park Liverpool - Warwick Farm Emu Plains - Leonay Berowra - Brooklyn - Cowan Bateau Bay - Killarney Vale Randwick Parramatta - Rosehill Dural - Kenthurst - Wisemans Ferry Pennant Hills - Cheltenham Campbelltown - Woodbine Hurstville Mortdale - Penshurst Dee Why - North Curl Curl Glenwood Katoomba - Leura Lawson - Hazelbrook - Linden Sutherland - Kirrawee Merrylands - Holroyd Kurrajong Heights - Ebenezer Rockdale - Banksia Picton - Tahmoor - Buxton Ashfield Galston - Laughtondale Wyoming Jamisontown - South Penrith Blacktown (South) Dulwich Hill - Lewisham Badgerys Creek - Greendale Bargo Cabramatta - Lansvale Malabar - La Perouse - Chifley Erina - Green Point Castle Hill Greenfield Park - Prairiewood Pitt Town - McGraths Hill Bilpin - Colo - St Albans The Oaks - Oakdale Panania - Milperra - Picnic Point Woy Woy - Blackwall Leumeah - Minto Heights Heathcote - Waterfall Blacktown (North) - Marayong Penrith Warnervale - Wadalba Gosford - Springfield Lake Munmorah - Mannering Park Parklea - Kellyville Ridge Umina - Booker Bay - Patonga Engadine - Loftus Camden - Ellis Lane Burwood - Croydon Menai - Lucas Heights - Woronora Bondi Junction - Waverly Gorokan - Kanwal - Charmhaven Mount Annan - Currans Hill Riverstone - Marsden Park Bass Hill - Georges Hall Fairfield Canterbury (North) - Ashbury Kingswood - Werrington Summerland Point - Gwandalan Quakers Hill - Acacia Gardens Granville - Clyde Mount Druitt - Whalan Green Valley - Cecil Hills St Clair Ourimbah - Fountaindale Wentworth Falls Castlereagh - Cranebrook Revesby Fairfield - West The Entrance Kincumber - Picketts Valley Cobbitty - Leppington South Hurstville - Blakehurst Canley Vale - Canley Heights Cambridge Park Springwood - Winmalee Blue Haven - San Remo Port Botany Industrial Rosemeadow - Glen Alpine Blue Mountains - South Glenmore Park - Regentville Blaxland - Warrimoo - Lapstone Richmond - Clarendon Hassall Grove - Plumpton Wyong Bonnyrigg Heights - Bonnyrigg Mulgoa - Luddenham - Orchard Hills Ashcroft - Busby - Miller Kariong Lethbridge Park - Tregear Yarramundi - Londonderry Narara Claymore - Eagle Vale - Raby St Johns Park - Wakeley Holsworthy - Wattle Grove Bradbury - Wedderburn Sydney Airport Bidwill - Hebersham - Emerton Royal National Park Rookwood Cemetery Holsworthy Military Area Product Process Marketing Organisational Outputs Human Capital Institutions Investment Networking Inputs

North Ryde - East Ryde Sydney - Haymarket - The Rocks Macquarie Park - Marsfield North Sydney - Lavender Bay Pyrmont - Ultimo Neutral Bay - Kirribilli Erskineville - Alexandria Surry Hills Redfern - Chippendale St Leonards - Naremburn Arncliffe - Bardwell Valley Chatswood (West) - Lane Cove North Darlinghurst Ermington - Rydalmere Chullora Oatlands - Dundas Valley Coogee - Clovelly Willoughby - Castle Cove - Northbridge Glebe - Forest Lodge Homebush Bay - Silverwater Waterloo - Beaconsfield Potts Point - Woolloomooloo Lane Cove - Greenwich Horsley Park - Kemps Creek Bondi - Tamarama - Bronte Wahroonga - Warrawee Cremorne - Cammeray Chatswood (East) - Artarmon Monterey - Brighton-le-Sands - Kyeemagh Hunters Hill - Woolwich North Rocks Mosman Roselands Eastwood - Denistone St Ives Smithfield Industrial Crows Nest - Waverton Kingsgrove (North) - Earlwood Botany Glenhaven Double Bay - Bellevue Hill Newport - Bilgola Concord West - North Strathfield Lidcombe - Regents Park Concord - Mortlake - Cabarita Condell Park West Ryde - Meadowbank Mascot - Eastlakes Paddington - Moore Park Newtown - Camperdown - Darlington Lilyfield - Rozelle Box Head - MacMasters Beach Haberfield - Summer Hill Greenacre - Mount Lewis Gordon - Killara Guildford - South Granville Fairfield - East ImagineSydney PadstowCreate | 2017 Pymble Greystanes - Pemulwuy Balmain Drummoyne - Rodd Point Overall Product Process Marketing Organisational Human Research & Networking & Area Leichhardt - Annandale Score innovation innovation innovation innovation Outputs capital Institutions development collaboration Inputs Frenchs Forest - Belrose Chipping Norton – ChippingMoorebank Norton - Moorebank57 Baulkham Hills (West)Baulkham – Bella Hills Vista (West) - Bella Vista57 Maroubra Maroubra 57 Gladesville – HuntleysGladesville Point - Huntleys Point 57 Windsor – Bligh ParkWindsor - Bligh Park 57 Freshwater – BrookvaleFreshwater - Brookvale 57 Manly – Fairlight Manly - Fairlight 56 West Pennant HillsWest Pennant Hills 56 Rose Bay – VaucluseRose – Watsons Bay - Vaucluse Bay - Watsons56 Bay Ingleburn – DenhamIngleburn Court - Denham Court 55 Chester Hill – SeftonChester Hill - Sefton 55 Punchbowl Punchbowl 55 Balgowlah – ClontarfBalgowlah – Seaforth - Clontarf - Seaforth55 Homebush Homebush 54 Calga – Kulnura Calga - Kulnura 54 Banksmeadow Banksmeadow 54 Lalor Park – Kings LangleyLalor Park - Kings Langley 54 Avalon – Palm BeachAvalon - Palm Beach 54 Toongabbie – ConstitutionToongabbie Hill - Constitution Hill54 Baulkham Hills (East)Baulkham Hills (East) 54 Minto – St AndrewsMinto - St Andrews 54 Rooty Hill – MinchinburyRooty Hill - Minchinbury 54 Kogarah Bay – CarltonKogarah – Allawah Bay - Carlton - Allawah53 Bondi Beach – NorthBondi Bondi Beach - North Bondi 53 Narrabeen – CollaroyNarrabeen - Collaroy 53 Sydenham – TempeSydenham – St Peters - Tempe - St Peters53 Epping – North EppingEpping - North Epping 53 Prospect ReservoirProspect Reservoir 52 Northmead Northmead 52 Marrickville Marrickville 52 Dover Heights Dover Heights 52 Peakhurst – LugarnoPeakhurst - Lugarno 52 Woollahra Woollahra 52 Auburn Auburn 52 Kogarah Kogarah 52 Warriewood – MonaWarriewood Vale - Mona Vale 52 Girraween – WestmeadGirraween - Westmead 51 Turramurra Turramurra 51 Five Dock – AbbotsfordFive Dock - Abbotsford 51 Cromer Cromer 51 Lindfield – RosevilleLindfield - Roseville 51 Glendenning DeanGlendenning Park Dean Park 51 Normanhurst – ThornleighNormanhurst – Westleigh - Thornleigh - Westleigh51 Blue Mountains – NorthBlue Mountains - North 51 Wamberal – ForrestersWamberal Beach - Forresters Beach 50 Winston Hills Winston Hills 50 Hornsby – WaitaraHornsby - Waitara 50 Wetherill Park IndustrialWetherill Park Industrial 50 Smithfield – WetherillSmithfield Park - Wetherill Park 50 Asquith – Mount ColahAsquith - Mount Colah 50 Lakemba – Wiley ParkLakemba - Wiley Park 50 Petersham – StanmorePetersham - Stanmore 50 Casula Casula 50 Cronulla – Kurnell –Cronulla Bundeena - Kurnell - Bundeena 50 Kingsgrove (South)Kingsgrove – Bardwell (South) Park - Bardwell Park50 Bayview – Elanora HeightsBayview - Elanora Heights 49 Ryde – Putney Ryde - Putney 49 Beacon Hill – NarraweenaBeacon Hill - Narraweena 49 Jilliby – YarramalongJilliby - Yarramalong 49 Riverwood Riverwood 49 Caringbah – Lilli PilliCaringbah - Lilli Pilli 49 Blackheath – MegalongBlackheath Valley - Megalong Valley 49 Pagewood – HillsdalePagewood – Daceyville - Hillsdale - Daceyville48 Gymea – Grays PointGymea - Grays Point 48 Saratoga – DavistownSaratoga - Davistown 48 Chittaway Bay – TumbiChittaway Umbi Bay - Tumbi Umbi 48 Sylvania – Taren PointSylvania - Taren Point 48 Sans Souci – RamsgateSans Souci - Ramsgate 48 North Parramatta North Parramatta 48 Narwee – Beverly HillsNarwee - Beverly Hills 48 Bexley Bexley 48 Tuggerah - Kangy Angy Prestons - Lurnea Terrigal - North Avoca Blacktown (East) - Kings Park 11 Yennora Industrial Miranda - Yowie Bay Kensington - Kingsford Niagara Park - Lisarow Cabramatta West - Mount Pritchard Doonside - Woodcroft Cherrybrook Avoca Beach - Copacabana Warragamba - Silverdale Canterbury (South) - Campsie Kellyville Croydon Park - Enfield Carlingford Toukley - Norah Head Centennial Park Point Clare - Koolewong Yagoona - Birrong Oatley - Hurstville Grove Erskine Park Manly Vale - Allambie Heights Edensor Park Macquarie Fields - Glenfield Rouse Hill - Beaumont Hills Illawong - Alfords Point Oyster Bay - Como - Jannali St Marys - Colyton Terrey Hills - Duffys Forest Seven Hills - Toongabbie Bankstown Forestville - Killarney Heights Belmore - Belfield Guildford West - Merrylands West Bossley Park - Abbotsbury Strathfield Douglas Park - Appin Budgewoi - Buff Point - Halekulani Hoxton Park - Horningsea Park Elderslie - Harrington Park Liverpool - Warwick Farm Emu Plains - Leonay Berowra - Brooklyn - Cowan Bateau Bay - Killarney Vale Randwick Parramatta - Rosehill Dural - Kenthurst - Wisemans Ferry Pennant Hills - Cheltenham Campbelltown - Woodbine Hurstville Mortdale - Penshurst Dee Why - North Curl Curl Glenwood Katoomba - Leura Lawson - Hazelbrook - Linden Sutherland - Kirrawee Merrylands - Holroyd Kurrajong Heights - Ebenezer Rockdale - Banksia Picton - Tahmoor - Buxton Ashfield Galston - Laughtondale Wyoming Jamisontown - South Penrith Blacktown (South) Dulwich Hill - Lewisham Badgerys Creek - Greendale Bargo Cabramatta - Lansvale Malabar - La Perouse - Chifley Erina - Green Point Castle Hill Greenfield Park - Prairiewood Pitt Town - McGraths Hill Bilpin - Colo - St Albans The Oaks - Oakdale Panania - Milperra - Picnic Point Woy Woy - Blackwall Leumeah - Minto Heights Heathcote - Waterfall Blacktown (North) - Marayong Penrith Warnervale - Wadalba Gosford - Springfield Lake Munmorah - Mannering Park Parklea - Kellyville Ridge Umina - Booker Bay - Patonga Engadine - Loftus Camden - Ellis Lane Burwood - Croydon Menai - Lucas Heights - Woronora Bondi Junction - Waverly Gorokan - Kanwal - Charmhaven Mount Annan - Currans Hill Riverstone - Marsden Park Bass Hill - Georges Hall Fairfield Canterbury (North) - Ashbury Kingswood - Werrington Summerland Point - Gwandalan Quakers Hill - Acacia Gardens Granville - Clyde Mount Druitt - Whalan Green Valley - Cecil Hills St Clair Ourimbah - Fountaindale Wentworth Falls Castlereagh - Cranebrook Revesby Fairfield - West The Entrance Kincumber - Picketts Valley Cobbitty - Leppington South Hurstville - Blakehurst Canley Vale - Canley Heights Cambridge Park Springwood - Winmalee Blue Haven - San Remo Port Botany Industrial Rosemeadow - Glen Alpine Blue Mountains - South Glenmore Park - Regentville Blaxland - Warrimoo - Lapstone Richmond - Clarendon Hassall Grove - Plumpton Wyong Bonnyrigg Heights - Bonnyrigg Mulgoa - Luddenham - Orchard Hills Ashcroft - Busby - Miller Kariong Lethbridge Park - Tregear Yarramundi - Londonderry Narara Claymore - Eagle Vale - Raby St Johns Park - Wakeley Holsworthy - Wattle Grove Bradbury - Wedderburn Sydney Airport Bidwill - Hebersham - Emerton Royal National Park Rookwood Cemetery Holsworthy Military Area Product Process Marketing Organisational Outputs Human Capital Institutions Investment Networking Inputs

North Ryde - East Ryde Sydney - Haymarket - The Rocks Macquarie Park - Marsfield North Sydney - Lavender Bay Pyrmont - Ultimo Neutral Bay - Kirribilli Erskineville - Alexandria Surry Hills Redfern - Chippendale St Leonards - Naremburn Arncliffe - Bardwell Valley Chatswood (West) - Lane Cove North Darlinghurst Ermington - Rydalmere Chullora Oatlands - Dundas Valley Coogee - Clovelly Willoughby - Castle Cove - Northbridge Glebe - Forest Lodge Homebush Bay - Silverwater Waterloo - Beaconsfield Potts Point - Woolloomooloo Lane Cove - Greenwich Horsley Park - Kemps Creek Bondi - Tamarama - Bronte Wahroonga - Warrawee Cremorne - Cammeray Chatswood (East) - Artarmon Monterey - Brighton-le-Sands - Kyeemagh Hunters Hill - Woolwich North Rocks Mosman Roselands Eastwood - Denistone St Ives Smithfield Industrial Crows Nest - Waverton Kingsgrove (North) - Earlwood Botany Glenhaven Double Bay - Bellevue Hill Newport - Bilgola Concord West - North Strathfield Lidcombe - Regents Park Concord - Mortlake - Cabarita Condell Park West Ryde - Meadowbank Mascot - Eastlakes Paddington - Moore Park Newtown - Camperdown - Darlington Lilyfield - Rozelle Box Head - MacMasters Beach Haberfield - Summer Hill Greenacre - Mount Lewis Gordon - Killara Guildford - South Granville Fairfield - East Padstow Pymble Greystanes - Pemulwuy Balmain Drummoyne - Rodd Point Leichhardt - Annandale Frenchs Forest - Belrose Chipping Norton - Moorebank Baulkham Hills (West) - Bella Vista Maroubra Gladesville - Huntleys Point Windsor - Bligh Park Freshwater - Brookvale Manly - Fairlight West Pennant Hills Rose Bay - Vaucluse - Watsons Bay Ingleburn - Denham Court Chester Hill - Sefton Punchbowl Balgowlah - Clontarf - Seaforth Homebush Calga - Kulnura Banksmeadow Lalor Park - Kings Langley Avalon - Palm Beach Toongabbie - Constitution Hill Baulkham Hills (East) Minto - St Andrews Rooty Hill - Minchinbury Kogarah Bay - Carlton - Allawah Bondi Beach - North Bondi Narrabeen - Collaroy Sydenham - Tempe - St Peters Epping - North Epping Prospect Reservoir Northmead Marrickville Dover Heights Peakhurst - Lugarno Woollahra Auburn Kogarah Warriewood - Mona Vale Girraween - Westmead Turramurra Five Dock - Abbotsford Cromer Lindfield - Roseville Glendenning Dean Park Normanhurst - Thornleigh - Westleigh Blue Mountains - North Wamberal - Forresters Beach Winston Hills Hornsby - Waitara Wetherill Park Industrial Smithfield - Wetherill Park Asquith - Mount Colah Lakemba - Wiley Park Petersham - Stanmore Casula Cronulla - Kurnell - Bundeena Kingsgrove (South) - Bardwell Park Bayview - Elanora Heights Ryde - Putney Beacon Hill - Narraweena Jilliby - Yarramalong Riverwood Caringbah - Lilli Pilli Blackheath - Megalong Valley Pagewood - Hillsdale - Daceyville Gymea - Grays Point ImagineSydney SaratogaCreate - Davistown | 2017 Chittaway Bay - Tumbi Umbi Sylvania - Taren Point Sans Souci - Ramsgate North Parramatta Overall Product Process Marketing Organisational Human Research & Networking & Area Narwee - Beverly Hills Score innovation innovation innovation innovation Outputs capital Institutions development collaboration Inputs Bexley Tuggerah – Kangy AngyTuggerah - Kangy Angy 47 Prestons – Lurnea Prestons - Lurnea 47 Terrigal – North AvocaTerrigal - North Avoca 47 Blacktown (East) – KingsBlacktown Park (East) - Kings Park 47 Yennora IndustrialYennora Industrial 47 Miranda – Yowie BayMiranda - Yowie Bay 47 Kensington – KingsfordKensington - Kingsford 47 Niagara Park – LisarowNiagara Park - Lisarow 47 Cabramatta West –Cabramatta Mount Pritchard West - Mount Pritchard47 Doonside – WoodcroftDoonside - Woodcroft 47 Cherrybrook Cherrybrook 47 Avoca Beach – CopacabanaAvoca Beach - Copacabana 47 Warragamba – SilverdaleWarragamba - Silverdale 47 Canterbury (South)Canterbury – Campsie (South) - Campsie 47 Kellyville Kellyville 47 Croydon Park – EnfieldCroydon Park - Enfield 47 Carlingford Carlingford 47 Toukley – Norah HeadToukley - Norah Head 46 Centennial Park Centennial Park 46 Point Clare – KoolewongPoint Clare - Koolewong 46 Yagoona – BirrongYagoona - Birrong 46 Oatley – Hurstville GroveOatley - Hurstville Grove 46 Erskine Park Erskine Park 46 Manly Vale – AllambieManly Heights Vale - Allambie Heights 46 Edensor Park Edensor Park 46 Macquarie Fields – MacquarieGlenfield Fields - Glenfield 46 Rouse Hill – BeaumontRouse Hills Hill - Beaumont Hills 46 Illawong – Alfords PointIllawong - Alfords Point 46 Oyster Bay – ComoOyster – Jannali Bay - Como - Jannali 46 St Marys – ColytonSt Marys - Colyton 45 Terrey Hills – DuffysTerrey Forest Hills - Duffys Forest 45 Seven Hills – ToongabbieSeven Hills - Toongabbie 45 Bankstown Bankstown 45 Forestville – KillarneyForestville Heights - Killarney Heights 45 Belmore – Belfield Belmore - Belfield 45 Guildford West – MerrylandsGuildford West West - Merrylands West45 Bossley Park – AbbotsburyBossley Park - Abbotsbury 45 Strathfield Strathfield 45 Douglas Park – AppinDouglas Park - Appin 45 Budgewoi – Buff PointBudgewoi – Halekulani - Buff Point - Halekulani45 Hoxton Park – HorningseaHoxton Park Park - Horningsea Park45 Elderslie – HarringtonElderslie Park - Harrington Park 45 Liverpool – WarwickLiverpool Farm - Warwick Farm 45 Emu Plains – LeonayEmu Plains - Leonay 45 Berowra – BrooklynBerowra – Cowan - Brooklyn - Cowan 45 Bateau Bay – KillarneyBateau Vale Bay - Killarney Vale 44 Randwick Randwick 44 Parramatta – RosehillParramatta - Rosehill 44 Dural – Kenthurst –Dural Wisemans - Kenthurst Ferry - Wisemans 44Ferry Pennant Hills – CheltenhamPennant Hills - Cheltenham 44 Campbelltown – WoodbineCampbelltown - Woodbine 44 Hurstville Hurstville 44 Mortdale – PenshurstMortdale - Penshurst 44 Dee Why – North CurlDee Curl Why - North Curl Curl 44 Glenwood Glenwood 44 Katoomba – LeuraKatoomba - Leura 44 Lawson – HazelbrookLawson – Linden - Hazelbrook - Linden 44 Sutherland – KirraweeSutherland - Kirrawee 43 Merrylands – HolroydMerrylands - Holroyd 43 Kurrajong Heights –Kurrajong Ebenezer Heights - Ebenezer 43 Rockdale – BanksiaRockdale - Banksia 43 Picton – Tahmoor –Picton Buxton - Tahmoor - Buxton 43 Ashfield Ashfield 43 Galston – LaughtondaleGalston - Laughtondale 43 Wyoming Wyoming 43 Jamisontown – SouthJamisontown Penrith - South Penrith 43 Blacktown (South) Blacktown (South) 43 Dulwich Hill – LewishamDulwich Hill - Lewisham 43 Badgerys Creek – GreendaleBadgerys Creek - Greendale 43 Bargo Bargo 43 Cabramatta – LansvaleCabramatta - Lansvale 43 Malabar – La PerouseMalabar – Chifley - La Perouse - Chifley43 Erina - Green Point Castle Hill Greenfield Park - Prairiewood 12 Pitt Town - McGraths Hill Bilpin - Colo - St Albans The Oaks - Oakdale Panania - Milperra - Picnic Point Woy Woy - Blackwall Leumeah - Minto Heights Heathcote - Waterfall Blacktown (North) - Marayong Penrith Warnervale - Wadalba Gosford - Springfield Lake Munmorah - Mannering Park Parklea - Kellyville Ridge Umina - Booker Bay - Patonga Engadine - Loftus Camden - Ellis Lane Burwood - Croydon Menai - Lucas Heights - Woronora Bondi Junction - Waverly Gorokan - Kanwal - Charmhaven Mount Annan - Currans Hill Riverstone - Marsden Park Bass Hill - Georges Hall Fairfield Canterbury (North) - Ashbury Kingswood - Werrington Summerland Point - Gwandalan Quakers Hill - Acacia Gardens Granville - Clyde Mount Druitt - Whalan Green Valley - Cecil Hills St Clair Ourimbah - Fountaindale Wentworth Falls Castlereagh - Cranebrook Revesby Fairfield - West The Entrance Kincumber - Picketts Valley Cobbitty - Leppington South Hurstville - Blakehurst Canley Vale - Canley Heights Cambridge Park Springwood - Winmalee Blue Haven - San Remo Port Botany Industrial Rosemeadow - Glen Alpine Blue Mountains - South Glenmore Park - Regentville Blaxland - Warrimoo - Lapstone Richmond - Clarendon Hassall Grove - Plumpton Wyong Bonnyrigg Heights - Bonnyrigg Mulgoa - Luddenham - Orchard Hills Ashcroft - Busby - Miller Kariong Lethbridge Park - Tregear Yarramundi - Londonderry Narara Claymore - Eagle Vale - Raby St Johns Park - Wakeley Holsworthy - Wattle Grove Bradbury - Wedderburn Sydney Airport Bidwill - Hebersham - Emerton Royal National Park Rookwood Cemetery Holsworthy Military Area Product Process Marketing Organisational Outputs Human Capital Institutions Investment Networking Inputs

North Ryde - East Ryde Sydney - Haymarket - The Rocks Macquarie Park - Marsfield North Sydney - Lavender Bay Pyrmont - Ultimo Neutral Bay - Kirribilli Erskineville - Alexandria Surry Hills Redfern - Chippendale St Leonards - Naremburn Arncliffe - Bardwell Valley Chatswood (West) - Lane Cove North Darlinghurst Ermington - Rydalmere Chullora Oatlands - Dundas Valley Coogee - Clovelly Willoughby - Castle Cove - Northbridge Glebe - Forest Lodge Homebush Bay - Silverwater Waterloo - Beaconsfield Potts Point - Woolloomooloo Lane Cove - Greenwich Horsley Park - Kemps Creek Bondi - Tamarama - Bronte Wahroonga - Warrawee Cremorne - Cammeray Chatswood (East) - Artarmon Monterey - Brighton-le-Sands - Kyeemagh Hunters Hill - Woolwich North Rocks Mosman Roselands Eastwood - Denistone St Ives Smithfield Industrial Crows Nest - Waverton Kingsgrove (North) - Earlwood Botany Glenhaven Double Bay - Bellevue Hill Newport - Bilgola Concord West - North Strathfield Lidcombe - Regents Park Concord - Mortlake - Cabarita Condell Park West Ryde - Meadowbank Mascot - Eastlakes Paddington - Moore Park Newtown - Camperdown - Darlington Lilyfield - Rozelle Box Head - MacMasters Beach Haberfield - Summer Hill Greenacre - Mount Lewis Gordon - Killara Guildford - South Granville Fairfield - East Padstow Pymble Greystanes - Pemulwuy Balmain Drummoyne - Rodd Point Leichhardt - Annandale Frenchs Forest - Belrose Chipping Norton - Moorebank Baulkham Hills (West) - Bella Vista Maroubra Gladesville - Huntleys Point Windsor - Bligh Park Freshwater - Brookvale Manly - Fairlight West Pennant Hills Rose Bay - Vaucluse - Watsons Bay Ingleburn - Denham Court Chester Hill - Sefton Punchbowl Balgowlah - Clontarf - Seaforth Homebush Calga - Kulnura Banksmeadow Lalor Park - Kings Langley Avalon - Palm Beach Toongabbie - Constitution Hill Baulkham Hills (East) Minto - St Andrews Rooty Hill - Minchinbury Kogarah Bay - Carlton - Allawah Bondi Beach - North Bondi Narrabeen - Collaroy Sydenham - Tempe - St Peters Epping - North Epping Prospect Reservoir Northmead Marrickville Dover Heights Peakhurst - Lugarno Woollahra Auburn Kogarah Warriewood - Mona Vale Girraween - Westmead Turramurra Five Dock - Abbotsford Cromer Lindfield - Roseville Glendenning Dean Park Normanhurst - Thornleigh - Westleigh Blue Mountains - North Wamberal - Forresters Beach Winston Hills Hornsby - Waitara Wetherill Park Industrial Smithfield - Wetherill Park Asquith - Mount Colah Lakemba - Wiley Park Petersham - Stanmore Casula Cronulla - Kurnell - Bundeena Kingsgrove (South) - Bardwell Park Bayview - Elanora Heights Ryde - Putney Beacon Hill - Narraweena Jilliby - Yarramalong Riverwood Caringbah - Lilli Pilli Blackheath - Megalong Valley Pagewood - Hillsdale - Daceyville Gymea - Grays Point Saratoga - Davistown Chittaway Bay - Tumbi Umbi Sylvania - Taren Point Sans Souci - Ramsgate North Parramatta Narwee - Beverly Hills Bexley Tuggerah - Kangy Angy Prestons - Lurnea Terrigal - North Avoca Blacktown (East) - Kings Park Yennora Industrial Miranda - Yowie Bay Kensington - Kingsford Niagara Park - Lisarow Cabramatta West - Mount Pritchard Doonside - Woodcroft Cherrybrook Avoca Beach - Copacabana Warragamba - Silverdale Canterbury (South) - Campsie Kellyville Croydon Park - Enfield Carlingford Toukley - Norah Head Centennial Park Point Clare - Koolewong Yagoona - Birrong Oatley - Hurstville Grove Erskine Park Manly Vale - Allambie Heights Edensor Park Macquarie Fields - Glenfield Rouse Hill - Beaumont Hills Illawong - Alfords Point Oyster Bay - Como - Jannali St Marys - Colyton Terrey Hills - Duffys Forest Seven Hills - Toongabbie Bankstown Forestville - Killarney Heights Belmore - Belfield Guildford West - Merrylands West Bossley Park - Abbotsbury Strathfield Douglas Park - Appin Budgewoi - Buff Point - Halekulani Hoxton Park - Horningsea Park Elderslie - Harrington Park Liverpool - Warwick Farm Emu Plains - Leonay Berowra - Brooklyn - Cowan Bateau Bay - Killarney Vale Randwick Parramatta - Rosehill Dural - Kenthurst - Wisemans Ferry Pennant Hills - Cheltenham Campbelltown - Woodbine Hurstville Mortdale - Penshurst Dee Why - North Curl Curl Glenwood Katoomba - Leura Lawson - Hazelbrook - Linden Sutherland - Kirrawee Merrylands - Holroyd Kurrajong Heights - Ebenezer Rockdale - Banksia Picton - Tahmoor - Buxton Ashfield Galston - Laughtondale Wyoming ImagineSydney JamisontownCreate - South | 2017Penrith Blacktown (South) Dulwich Hill - Lewisham Badgerys Creek - Greendale Bargo Overall Product Process Marketing Organisational Human Research & Networking & Area Cabramatta - Lansvale Score innovation innovation innovation innovation Outputs capital Institutions development collaboration Inputs Malabar - La Perouse - Chifley Erina – Green PointErina - Green Point 43 Castle Hill Castle Hill 43 Greenfield Park – GreenfieldPrairiewood Park - Prairiewood42 Pitt Town – McGrathsPitt HillTown - McGraths Hill 42 Bilpin – Colo – St AlbansBilpin - Colo - St Albans 42 The Oaks – OakdaleThe Oaks - Oakdale 42 Panania – Milperra Panania– Picnic -Point Milperra - Picnic Point42 Woy Woy – BlackwallWoy Woy - Blackwall 42 Leumeah – Minto HeightsLeumeah - Minto Heights 42 Heathcote – WaterfallHeathcote - Waterfall 42 Blacktown (North) –Blacktown Marayong (North) - Marayong42 Penrith Penrith 42 Warnervale – WadalbaWarnervale - Wadalba 42 Gosford – SpringfieldGosford - Springfield 42 Lake Munmorah – LakeMannering Munmorah Park - Mannering 42Park Parklea – Kellyville RidgeParklea - Kellyville Ridge 42 Umina – Booker BayUmina – Patonga - Booker Bay - Patonga41 Engadine – Loftus Engadine - Loftus 41 Camden – Ellis LaneCamden - Ellis Lane 41 Burwood – CroydonBurwood - Croydon 41 Menai – Lucas HeightsMenai – Woronora- Lucas Heights - Woronora41 Bondi Junction – WaverleyBondi Junction - Waverly 41 Gorokan – Kanwal –Gorokan Charmhaven - Kanwal - Charmhaven41 Mount Annan – CurransMount Hill Annan - Currans Hill 41 Riverstone – MarsdenRiverstone Park - Marsden Park 41 Bass Hill – GeorgesBass Hall Hill - Georges Hall 41 Fairfield Fairfield 40 Canterbury (North)Canterbury – Ashbury (North) - Ashbury 40 Kingswood – WerringtonKingswood - Werrington 40 Summerland Point Summerland– Gwandalan Point - Gwandalan40 Quakers Hill – AcaciaQuakers Gardens Hill - Acacia Gardens 40 Granville – Clyde Granville - Clyde 40 Mount Druitt – WhalanMount Druitt - Whalan 40 Green Valley – CecilGreen Hills Valley - Cecil Hills 40 St Clair St Clair 40 Ourimbah – FountaindaleOurimbah - Fountaindale 39 Wentworth Falls Wentworth Falls 39 Castlereagh – CranebrookCastlereagh - Cranebrook 39 Revesby Revesby 39 Fairfield West Fairfield - West 39 The Entrance The Entrance 39 Kincumber – PickettsKincumber Valley - Picketts Valley 39 Cobbitty – LeppingtonCobbitty - Leppington 39 South Hurstville – BlakehurstSouth Hurstville - Blakehurst 38 Canley Vale – CanleyCanley Heights Vale - Canley Heights 38 Cambridge Park Cambridge Park 38 Springwood – WinmaleeSpringwood - Winmalee 38 Blue Haven – San RemoBlue Haven - San Remo 38 Port Botany IndustrialPort Botany Industrial 38 Rosemeadow – GlenRosemeadow Alpine - Glen Alpine 38 Blue Mountains – SouthBlue Mountains - South 38 Glenmore Park – RegentvilleGlenmore Park - Regentville 37 Blaxland – WarrimooBlaxland – Lapstone - Warrimoo - Lapstone37 Richmond – ClarendonRichmond - Clarendon 37 Hassall Grove – PlumptonHassall Grove - Plumpton 37 Wyong Wyong 36 Bonnyrigg Heights Bonnyrigg– Bonnyrigg Heights - Bonnyrigg35 Mulgoa – LuddenhamMulgoa – Orchard - Luddenham Hills - Orchard35 Hills Ashcroft – Busby – AshcroftMiller - Busby - Miller 35 Kariong Kariong 34 Lethbridge Park – TregearLethbridge Park - Tregear 34 Yarramundi – LondonderryYarramundi - Londonderry 34 Narara Narara 33 Claymore – Eagle ValeClaymore – Raby - Eagle Vale - Raby 32 St Johns Park – WakeleySt Johns Park - Wakeley 31 Holsworthy – WattleHolsworthy Grove - Wattle Grove 31 Bradbury – WedderburnBradbury - Wedderburn 31 Sydney Airport Sydney Airport 31 Bidwill – HebershamBidwill – Emerton - Hebersham - Emerton30 Royal National ParkRoyal National Park 24 Rookwood CemeteryRookwood Cemetery 14 Holsworthy MilitaryHolsworthy Area Military Area 0

13 ImagineSydney Create | 2017

References

1 Commonwealth of Australia, (2015). Australian Innovation 6 Dakhli, M. & De Clercq, D., 2004 12 Freel, M.S. (2003). Sectoral patterns of small firm innovation, System Report. networking and proximity. Research Policy, 32, 751-770.

7 Bramwell, A., Nelles, J. & Wolfe, D.A. (2008). Knowledge, 2 Kuah, A. T. (2002). Cluster Theory and Practice: Advantages innovation and institutions: global and local dimensions of 13 OECD (2008), Handbook on Constructing Composite Indicators for the small business locating in a vibrant cluster. Journal of the ICT cluster in Waterloo, Canada. Regional Studies 42(1), Methodology and User Guide available at http://www.oecd.org/ Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship, 4(3), 206-228. 101-116. std/42495745.pdf

3 Mortensen, P. S., & Bloch, C. W. (2005). Oslo Manual-Guidelines 8 Bramwell, A. & Nelles, J., 2008 14 Forman E.H. (1983), The analytic hierarchy process as a decision for collecting and interpreting innovation data. Organisation for support system, Proceedings of the IEEE Computer society. Economic Cooporation and Development, OECD. 9 Bramwell, A. and Wolfe, D.A. (2008). Universities and regional economic development: The entrepreneurial University of Waterloo. 15 Saaty, R.W., 1987. The analytic hierarchy process—what it is and 4 Marvel, M.R. & Lumpkin, G.T. (2007). Technology Research Policy, 37(8), 1175-1187 how it is used. Mathematical modelling, 9(3-5), pp.161-176. Entrepreneurs’ Human Capital and Its Effects on Innovation Radicalness. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31.6, 10 Bilbao-Osorio, B. and Rodríguez-Pose, A. (2004). From R&D 16 Saaty T. L. (1980), The Analytic Hierarchy Process, New York: 1042-2587. to innovation and economic growth in the EU. Growth and McGraw-Hill. Change, 35(4), 434-455. 5 Dakhli, M. & De Clercq, D. (2004). Human Capital, Social Capital and Innovation: A Multi-Country Study. 11 Czarnitzki, D., Hanel, P. and Rosa, J.M. (2011). Evaluating the Entrepreneurship & regional development, 16(2), 107-128. impact of R&D tax credits on innovation: A microeconometric study on Canadian firms. Research Policy, 40(2), 217-229.

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A special thanks to About our contributors the series

Deloitte Access Economics The role of place is paramount to the future of Australian prosperity. And as the purpose of Kathryn Matthews place continues to evolve, shaping the future of our cities will be central to the creation of smart, Jessica Mizrahi flourishing and productive communities. TheImagine Sydney series sets out to address this through Rumesh Stoner strategies that drive economic and social development in Sydney. It is a long term commitment and Will Walker plan to co-create a broader narrative around the themes of Create, Work, Live, and Play to propel this state’s prosperity beyond the next decade.

Sydney Business Chamber The Hon. Patricia Forsythe Paul Orton Luke Aitken ImagineSydney Create ImagineSydney Live ImagineSydney Work ImagineSydney Play Available late 2017 Available 2018 Available 2018

Other series you may be interested in:

University of Technology Sydney Professor Roy Green Associate Professor Renu Agarwal Associate Professor Christopher Bajada Dr Maruf Chowdhry Shaping Future Cities – Shaping Future Cities – Shaping Future Cities – Dr Sanjoy Paul Western Sydney Queensland Coming soon Adelaide Coming soon Mr Stephen Mikhael Soco

Where is your Digital disruption: Positioning for prosperity? Get out of your own way: The purpose of place: What’s over the horizon? next worker? Short fuse, big bang? Catching the next wave Unleashing productivity Reconsidered Recognising opportunity in uncertainty 15 For more information visit www.shapingfuturecities.com.au

Join the #ImagineSydney conversation:

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