ARTICLE 297 , . et al. KXPEROGW et al et al. %LQGHU et al. Key words: Boletineae Caesalpinioideae Dipterocarpaceae HFWRP\FRUUKL]DOIXQJL gasteroid fungi *XLDQD6KLHOG *LDFKLQL ZKHUHDVRWKHU gen. sp. nov gen. sp. et al. ) /HEHO RUVH\RXRU\RXUXVHRIWKHZRUN et al. 0XHOOHU IMA FUNGUS IMA (2015) 297–317 · 6(2): et al. Boletales et al. DQG7HUU\:+HQNHO Pakaraimaea Costatisporus Basidiomycota , +HQNHO , and IXQJLZHUHFROOHFWHG ), and . EXW WURSLFDO VHTXHVWUDWH IXQJL UHPDLQ et al. Costatisporus cyanescens Costatisporus et al. 2FWREHU Agaricomycetes JHQVSQRY .QRZOHGJHRIWKHGLYHUVLW\DQGGLVWULEXWLRQVRIVHTXHVWUDWH ivecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode. Any of the above conditions can be waived if you get ivecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode. , 0&DWKHULQH$LPH , and Papilionoideae . HVWLPDWHGWKDWaVSHFLHVRIK\SRJHRXVVHTXHVWUDWHWD[DDUH FXUUHQWO\GHVFULEHGIURPWKH1HRWURSLFVZLWKDSSUR[LPDWHO\ VSHFLHVUHPDLQLQJXQNQRZQWRVFLHQFH5HFHQWVWXGLHV LQWKH*XLDQD6KLHOGUHJLRQRIQRUWKHDVWHUQ6RXWK$PHULFD KDYH UHYHDOHG DIXQJL LQ UHPRWH SULPDU\ GLYHUVH WURSLFDO UDLQ IRUHVWV GRPLQDWHG DVVHPEODJH E\ RI VHTXHVWUDWH 8QGHUVWDQGLQJRIWKHPXOWLSOHRULJLQVDQGWD[RQRPLFDI¿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imtrappea guyanensis Boletales HVWUDWH WD[D ZLWKLQ WKDW IDPLO\ 0DFUR DQG \VLVRIWD[DDFURVVWKHRUGHU VXEIDP ( ) LWK HFWRP\FRUUKL]DO (&0 KRVW WUHH JHQHUD /DID\HWWH,1 86$ LOOH1&86$ XHQFHGDWDDUHSURYLGHGIRUHDFKQHZWD[RQ KRURUOLFHQVRU EXWQRWLQDQ\ZD\WKDWVXJJHVWVWKDWWKH\HQG UFDWD&$ 86$ FRUUHVSRQGLQJDXWKRUHPDLO 7HUU\+HQNHO# OH)/86$ et al. et al. .HLVXNH2EDVH Fabaceae ( Boletaceae ) that are ) with the gen. sp. nov gen. sp. Castellanea pakaraimophila Castellanea pakaraimophila Boletales Aldina , . , ), 0LOOHU $LPH 7RGG)(OOLRWW Basidiomycota et al. ( Gasteromycetes JHQVSQRY Caesalpinioideae Boletaceae DUHGHVFULEHGDVQHZWRVFLHQFH7KHVHVHTXHVWUDWHK\SRJHRXV . ( . , demonstrating that the sequestrate /HEHO 7RQNLQ+HQNHO .HYLQ5$PVHV VXEIDP 3HLQWQHU 0XHOOHU 3LQH +LEEHWW Agaricomycetes 0ROHFXODUGDWDSODFHWKHVHIXQJLLQ VOLUME 6 · NO. 2 299 300 ARTICLE Table 1. &RQWLQXHG Taxon Voucher ID Location GenBank accession number Collapsed clade in Fig. 1 28S RBP1 RBP2 Boletus aereus 5(+ 5HGZRRG13&$86$ .) .) ² Boletus FODGH Boletus aokii +.$6 :DQOLQJ+DLQDQ&KLQD .) .) ² Boletus DII aokii +.$6 .) .) ² FODGH et al Boletus DII subtomentosus +.$6 'DOL IMA FUNGUS &DOREROHWXV¿UPXV 0% &KHVWQXW5LGJH1<86$ .) .) ² CaloboletusFODGH Caloboletus inedulis 0% (ULH&R1<86$ -4 .) ² CaloboletusFODGH Caloboletus panniformis +.$6 'rTrQ VOLUME 6 · NO. 2 301 302 ARTICLE Table 1. &RQWLQXHG Taxon Voucher ID Location GenBank accession number Collapsed clade in Fig. 1 28S RBP1 RBP2 Leccinum subglabripes -HIIHUVRQ1+86$ .) .) ² Xerocomoideae Leccinum variicolor +.$6 /LMLDQJ IMA FUNGUS Retiboletus nigerrimus +.$6 &KX[LRQJ VOLUME 6 · NO. 2 303 304 ARTICLE Table 1. &RQWLQXHG Taxon Voucher ID Location GenBank accession number Collapsed clade in Fig. 1 28S RBP1 RBP2 Tylopilus violatinctus +.$6 -LQJKRQJ luteus served as Boletales RXWJURXSWD[DIRUWKHSK\ORJHQHWLF Type species: Jimtrappea guyanensis 7: +HQNHO et al ARTICLE DQDO\VLV0D[LPXPOLNHOLKRRGDQDO\VLVZDVSHUIRUPHGRQWKH FRQFDWHQDWHG6RPB RPBGDWDVHWZLWKLQFOXVLRQRIWKH WD[DLQZKLFKRQHRUPRUHRIWKRVHORFLZHUHPLVVLQJZLWK5$[0/ Jimtrappea guyanensis 7: +HQNHO 0( 6PLWK RQWKH&,35(66FLHQFH*DWHZD\ ZZZSK\ORRUJ6WDPDWDNLV Aime, sp. nov. 6WDPDWDNLVet al. )RUWKLVDQDO\VLVWKHWKUHHFRGRQ 0\FR%DQN0% SRVLWLRQV ZHUH SDUWLWLRQHG DQG HYDOXDWHG VHSDUDWHO\ DQG WKH )LJV±$ *75*$00$VHWWLQJZDVXVHGWRGHWHUPLQHWKHEHVW0/WUHH DQGIRUUDSLGERRWVWUDSSLQJZLWKUHSOLFDWHV1RWHWKDWIRU Etymology: Guyana and –ensis /DWLQ DGM % DGMHFWLYDO the new taxon Costatisporus cyanescens, specimens Henkel VXI¿[ LQGLFDWLQJ RULJLQ RU SODFH UHIHUULQJ WR WKH FRXQWU\ RI 9067 and Henkel 9061KDGLGHQWLFDO,76U'1$VHTXHQFHVDQG NQRZQRFFXUUHQFHRIWKHVSHFLHV PRUSKRORJ\)RUWKHSK\ORJHQHWLFDQDO\VLVZHXVHG6U'1$ from Henkel 9067 and for RBPDQGRBPIURPHenkel 9061 Diagnosis: Reminiscent of a Tylopilus VSHFLHV EXW ODFNLQJ EXWWUHDWHGWKHPDVDVLQJOHWHUPLQDOWD[RQ)RUWKHQHZWD[RQ D VWLSH DQG ZLWK D ORFXODWH JOHED Peridium SDOH GHOLFDWH Castellanea pakaraimophila RQO\,76DQG6VHTXHQFHVZHUH BasidiosporesSLQNLVKWRUHGGLVKEURZQVPRRWKDQGF\VWLGLD VXFFHVVIXOO\REWDLQHG)RUWKLVWD[RQRQO\6ZDVLQFOXGHGLQ VWURQJO\GH[WULQRLGLQ0HO]HU¶VVROXWLRQ WKHSK\ORJHQHWLFDQDO\VLV Type: Guyana: Region 8 Potaro-Siparuni 3DNDUDLPD 0RXQWDLQV8SSHU3RWDUR5LYHU%DVLQaNPVRXWKHDVWRI RESULTS D EDVH FDPS DW ¶´ 1 ¶´ : QHDU 7DGDQJ FDPS FP GHHS ZLWKLQ ODWHULWLF VRLO XQGHU Dicymbe BLASTn queries and phylogenetic analysis corymbosa, D. altsonii, and Aldina insignis 'HF ,76%/$67QTXHULHVRIHDFKRIWKHQHZWD[DRQ*HQ%DQN Henkel 9163 %5* ± KRORW\SH +68 * 1< LQGLFDWHG DI¿QLWLHV ZLWK Boletaceae DW WKH IDPLO\ OHYHO ±LVRW\SHV *HQ%DQNDFFHVVLRQQXPEHUV,76DQG EXW ZHUH XQLQIRUPDWLYH DW WKH JHQXV OHYHO ZLWK QRQH 6 -1/& RPB /&. RI WKH VHDUFKHV H[FHHGLQJ VLPLODULW\ ZLWK DQ\ ,76 VHTXHQFHV LQ *HQ%DQN 7KH 0/ DQDO\VLV RI WKH FRPELQHG Description: Basidiomata VXEJORERVHWRRYDWHDQGLUUHJXODUO\ 6 RPB DQG RPB GDWDVHW SURGXFHG D SK\ORJUDP OQ OREHG RFFDVLRQDOO\ DSSHDULQJ IXVHG ± ± PP WDOO ZLWK RYHUDOO WRSRORJ\ VLPLODU WR WKDW RI ± ± PP EURDG VXE¿UP WR VRIW DQG JHODWLQRXV ZLWK SUHYLRXVO\ SXEOLVKHG VWXGLHV HJ :X et al. )LJ DJH VXUIDFH RIIZKLWH WR SDOH FUHDP $±$ $ 7KH QHZ *X\DQHVH WD[D ZHUH SODFHG ZLWKLQ Boletaceae, WKURXJKRXW XQFKDQJLQJ ZLWK SUHVVXUH RU VOLJKWO\ EURZQLQJ EXW QRQH ZHUH QHVWHG ZLWKLQ SUHYLRXVO\ GHVFULEHG JHQHUD ZLWK RFFDVLRQDO KXPLF VWDLQV JODEURXV PDFURVFRSLFDOO\ LQFOXGLQJ WKH EROHWRLG VHTXHVWUDWH JHQHUD Chamonixia, XQGHU KDQG OHQV D WLJKWO\ DSSUHVVHG K\SKDO PDW EDVH Durianella, Gastroboletus, Gastroleccinum, Heliogaster, VXEWHQGHGE\GHOLFDWHZKLWHK\SKDOFRUGVDQGRFFDVLRQDOO\ Mackintoshia, Mycoamaranthus, Octaviania, Rossbeevera, FRQFRORXURXV HFWRP\FRUUKL]DV Peridium LQ ORQJLWXGLQDO Royoungia, Solioccasus, or Spongiforma VHFWLRQ H[WUHPHO\ WKLQ PP OLJKW FUHDPLVK ZKLWH VLQJOHOD\HUHGGHOLFDWHVHSDUDEOHGleba QHDUO\ZKLWH $ LQLWLDOO\ZLWKDJHOLJKWSLQN $±$ WRJUH\LVKSLQN %± TAXONOMY % HYHQWXDOO\YDULDEO\GDUNHUSLQN &±&'%± % XQFKDQJLQJZLWKH[SRVXUHPRLVWVSRQJ\XQGHUKDQG Jimtrappea 7: +HQNHO 0( 6PLWK $LPH gen. OHQVRIFRPSDFWIROGHGORFXOHVWKDWJHODWLQL]HZLWKPDWXULW\ nov. LQORQJLWXGLQDOVHFWLRQFROXPHOODDVKRUWEDVDOVWUXFWXUH± 0\FR%DQN0% PP ZLGH RIIZKLWH JHODWLQRXV RSDTXH XSZDUGUDGLDWLQJ )LJV±$ VWHULOHYHLQVVKRUW ±PP OHVVHYLGHQWDWPDWXULW\Odour IDLQWO\ IUDJUDQW FOD\OLNH Taste VOLJKWO\ ELWWHU DVWULQJHQW Etymology: 7KHJHQXVLVQDPHGLQKRQRXURI'U-DPHV³-LP´ Macrochemical reactions QRWREWDLQHG 7UDSSHWKHZRUOG¶VIRUHPRVWDXWKRULW\RQVHTXHVWUDWHIXQJL Peridium ±ȝPWKLFNVLQJOHOD\HUHGRILQWHUZRYHQ UHSHQW K\SKDH WKHVH ODWHUDOO\ EUDQFKLQJ XQLQÀDWHG WR Diagnosis: 'LVWLQJXLVKHG IURP RWKHU Boletaceae E\ D LQÀDWHG ± ȝP ZLGH RFFDVLRQDOO\ VZROOHQ DW VHSWD ZLWK FRPELQDWLRQ RI WKH IROORZLQJ FKDUDFWHUV Basidiomata LUUHJXODU H[WUDFHOOXODU HQFUXVWDWLRQV JUDQXORVHJXWWXODWH K\SRJHRXV WR SDUWLDOO\ HPHUJHQW VHTXHVWUDWH VXEJORERVH K\DOLQH LQ .2+ DQG +2 LQWHUVSHUVHG ZLWK JROGHQ EURZQ WR RYDWH Peridium RIIZKLWH XQFKDQJLQJ JODEURXV WKLQ RSDTXH FRQGXFWLYH K\SKDH WHUPLQDO FHOOV F\OLQGURFDSLWDWH Gleba YDULRXVO\ SLQN DW PDWXULW\ XQFKDQJLQJ PRLVW LQIUHTXHQWO\ VXEYHQWULFRVH RU UDUHO\ F\OLQGULFDO RU ZLWK ORFXODWH Columella VKRUW SDGOLNH ZLWK VKRUW VWHULOH YHLQV GLVWLQFWDQJOHVRFFDVLRQDOO\ZLWKVKRUWVLGHEUDQFKHV± Basidiospores VWDWLVPRVSRULF VXEIXVLIRUP VPRRWK SLQNLVK ȝPORQJ±ȝPZLGHDWDSH[±ȝPFHQWUDOO\±ȝP WR UHGGLVK EURZQ LQDP\ORLG SHGLFHOODWH %DVLGLD FODYDWH DW EDVH ZLWK EURZQLVK \HOORZ GHQVHO\ JUDQXORVH FRQWHQWV HymenialF\VWLGLDF\OLQGULFDOODQFHRODWHRUYHQWULFRVHK\DOLQH LQ.2+DQGRFFDVLRQDOO\ZLWKJORERVHK\DOLQHH[WUDFHOOXODU LQ.2+GH[WULQRLGLQ0HO]HU¶VVROXWLRQ&ODPSFRQQHFWLRQV HQFUXVWDWLRQVDQGVZROOHQDWWKHEDVDOVHSWXPGlebal trama DEVHQW K\DOLQH RI WLJKWO\ SDFNHG SDUDOOHO WR VOLJKWO\ LQWHUZRYHQ K\SKDH GLYHUJLQJ WRZDUG K\PHQLXP K\SKDH F\OLQGULFDO VOLUME 6 · NO. 2 305 306 ARTICLE QRQ ZLWKPXOWLSOHVSHFLHVIURPWKH VKRZQDERYHWKHQRGHV2WKHUVHTXHVWUDWHWD[DDUHLQGLFDWHGLQ ORJHQHWLFUHODWLRQVKLSVRIWKH Fig. 1. 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Basidia 'H[WULQRLGVXEODQFHRODWHF\VWLGLXP LQ0HO]HU¶V n DEXQGDQWLQ\RXQJHU LQLWLDOO\OLJKW Basidiospores KRORW\SH Smith Henkel 9163 et al D. 0D]DUXQL5LYHU%DVLQVRI*X\DQD dipterocarpacea Q 2DG + UHIUDFWLYH DQG KLJKO\ .2+ DQG LQ JUH\ IDLQWO\ WKLQZDOOHG ± ± EDVH FHQWUH DW DW ȝP ȝP ± DSH[ DW EURDG ȝP ± ORQJ RU ȝP VXEODQFHRODWH ± ± ± F\OLQGURFODYDWH F\OLQGULFDO UDUHO\ VXEYHQWULFRVH SDOLVDGH K\PHQLDO DERYH PDWXUDWLRQDULVLQJIURPORZHUVXEK\PHQLXPQRWSURMHFWLQJ OLJKW OD\HUV Cystidia LUUHJXODU XQGHU VKRUW RI VPRRWK VXUIDFH QHDUO\ 6(0 XQGHU WKLFN PLFURVFRS\ ȝP ± ZDOO EDVH DQGOHDYLQJDSHGLFHO ± ± ± ȝPORQJDWEDVLGLRVSRUH Dicymbe altsonii IRUHVWVRQODWHULWLFRUZKLWHVDQGVRLOVXQGHU RQ LQWHUIDFH OD\HU WKHIRUHVWÀRRURUK\SRJHRXVGHHSHUZLWKLQPLQHUDOVRLOLQ VRLOKXPLF PLQHUDO RQ VHPLHPHUJHQW Habit, habitat,anddistribution DJH DGYDQFHG Clamp connections ZLWK ORFXOHV LQWR GHOLTXHVFLQJ F\WRSODVP LQLWLDOO\JUDQXORVHJXWWXODWHODWHUDXQLIRUPKLJKO\UHIUDFWL +\PHQLXPVHFWLRQVKRZLQJEDVLGLDEDVLGLRVSRUHVDQGGH[WULQRL . A. %DVLGLRVSRUHV EQDW Q RQVHLHVOVIHXQZLWK IUHTXHQW OHVV VSHFLPHQV \RXQJ LQ DEXQGDQW F. 2SDTXHK\DOLQHF\VWLGLXP LQ.2+ %±&) SKDVH WRJ\G[UQLL0OH¶ FRQWHQWV 0HO]HU¶V LQ GH[WULQRLG VWURQJO\ 2 NRQ UP K8SU RDR Q8SSHU DQG 3RWDUR 8SSHU WKH IURP NQRZQ , D.corymbosa DEVHQW B. %LVWHULJPDWHEDVLGLXPEDVLGLROHVDQG : , D. jenmanii RLD\ U Q POJURXSV VPDOO LQ RU 6ROLWDU\ ,or Aldina insignis Pakaraimaea IMA FUNGUS YH G , New sequestrate Boletaceae from Guyana ARTICLE Fig. 4.6FDQQLQJHOHFWURQPLFURJUDSKVRIEDVLGLRVSRUHVRIQHZVHTXHVWUDWHWD[DIURP*X\DQDA. Jimtrappea guyanensis KRORW\SH Henkel 9163 B. Castellanea pakaraimophila KRORW\SH Henkel 9514 C. Costatisporus cyanescens KRORW\SH Henkel 9061 %DUV$±% P& P Additional specimens examined: Guyana: Region 8 Potaro-Siparuni: Jimtrappea guyanensis LV PLFURPRUSKRORJLFDOO\ PRVW 3DNDUDLPD0RXQWDLQV8SSHU3RWDUR5LYHU%DVLQaNPVRXWKZHVW VLPLODU WR WKH WURSLFDO $IULFDQ PRQRW\SLF VHTXHVWUDWH RI EDVH FDPS DW ¶´ 1 ¶´ : RQ &DWKLH¶V +LOO LQ genus Mackintoshia RULJLQDOO\ GHVFULEHG DV D PHPEHU RI ODWHULWLFVRLOXQGHUD. corymbosa-XQHAime 4891 %5* Agaricales 3DFLRQL 6KDUS EXWQRZNQRZQWREHORQJ 38/) +68* *HQ%DQNDFFHVVLRQQXPEHU,76 to Boletaceae EDVHG RQ ,76 DQG 6 U'1$ GDWD )LJ .5 PVRXWKHDVWRIEDVHFDPSQHDUDicymbe SORW-3 1XKQ et al. 7HGHUVRR 6PLWK Mackintoshia LQDOOXYLDOVDQGVRLOXQGHUD. corymbosa, -XQHHenkel 10077 persica LV FKDUDFWHUL]HG E\ SURPLQHQW F\VWLGLD VPRRWK %5* +68* Region 7 Cuyuni-Mazaruni 3DNDUDLPD EDVLGLRVSRUHVDQGDSXWDWLYHV\PELRWLFDVVRFLDWLRQZLWK(&0 0RXQWDLQV 8SSHU 0D]DUXQL 5LYHU %DVLQ a NP ZHVW RI 0W Caesalpinioideae 3DFLRQL 6KDUS 7KH VXEIXVLIRUP $\DQJDQQDLQYLFLQLW\RI3HJDLPDVDYDQQDEDVHFDPSDW¶´ EDVLGLRVSRUHVDQGGH[WULQRLGF\VWLGLDRIJ. guyanensis contrast 1¶´:YLFLQLW\RIEDVHFDPSLQZKLWHVDQGVRLOVXQGHUP. ZLWKWKHHOOLSVRLGEDVLGLRVSRUHVDQGQRQGH[WULQRLGF\VWLGLD of dipterocarpacea and D. jenmanii'HFHenkel 9540 %5* M. persica &DVWHOODQR et al. 3DFLRQL 6KDUS +68* 'HFHenkel 9555 %5* +68 $OWKRXJK WKHUH LV QR ERRWVWUDS VXSSRUW IRU WKH SODFHPHQW RI * aPVRXWKRIEDVHFDPSLQZKLWHVDQGVRLOVXQGHUP. either M. persica or J. guyanensisLQWKHSK\ORJHQHWLFDQDO\VLV dipterocarpacea and D. jenmanii-XQHHenkel 9661 %5* WKH\ZHUHUHVROYHGLQKLJKO\GLYHUJHQWFODGHVDQGRQUHODWLYHO\ +68* NPVRXWKZHVWRIEDVHFDPSLQPakaraimaea ORQJEUDQFKHVVXJJHVWLQJQRFORVHUHODWLRQVKLS )LJ SORWLQZKLWHVDQGVRLOVXQGHUP. dipterocarpacea and D. jenmanii, %DVLGLRVSRUHV RI WKH $VLDQ DQG $XVWUDODVLDQ JHQXV -XQHHenkel 9689 %5* +68* Rossbeevera DUH QHDUO\ VPRRWK H[FHSW IRU EURDG ORQJLWXGLQDO ULGJHVWKDWJLYHWKHPDVOLJKWWRGLVWLQFWSRODUDQJXODULW\WKDWLV Commentary: Jimtrappea guyanensis is recognized in ODFNLQJLQJ. guyanensis /HEHOet al.2ULKDUDet al.E WKH ¿HOG E\ WKH ZKLWH SHULGLXP XQFKDQJLQJ WLVVXHV SLQN RossbeeveraVSHFLHVDOVRODFNF\VWLGLDDQGKDYHEDVLGLRPDWD ORFXODWH JOHED DQG VKRUW FROXPHOOD 0LFURPRUSKRORJLFDOO\ WKDWWXUQEOXHZLWKH[SRVXUH /HEHOet al.2ULKDUDet al. J. guyanensis LV GLVWLQJXLVKHG E\ WKH VPRRWK VXEIXVLIRUP E $GGLWLRQDOO\ Rossbeevera LV SK\ORJHQHWLFDOO\ GLVWDQW UHGGLVK EURZQ EDVLGLRVSRUHV DQG SURPLQHQW GH[WULQRLG from J. guyanensis )LJ UHVROYLQJ LQ D ZHOOVXSSRUWHG F\VWLGLD 6PRRWK EDVLGLRVSRUHV DUH UHODWLYHO\ UDUH DPRQJ SUHYLRXVO\ UHFRYHUHG ³OHFFLQRLG´ FODGH ZLWK RWKHU VHTXHVWUDWH sequestrate Boletaceae DQG WKH GH[WULQRLG F\VWLGLD RI J. DQGQRQVHTXHVWUDWHWD[D 1XKQet al.:Xet al. 7KH guyanensis are unprecedented among sequestrate Boletales IXVRLGVPRRWKSHGLFHOODWHEDVLGLRVSRUHVRIJ. guyanensis DOVR ZLWKVPRRWKEDVLGLRVSRUHV HJ'RGJH 6PLWK 6LQJHU UHVHPEOH WKRVH RI VSHFLHV RI Hysterangium (Hysterangiales) 3HJOHU et al. 3DFLRQL 6KDUS /XP\RQJ ZKLFK RWKHUZLVH GLIIHU LQ KDYLQJ D GHQGURLG FROXPHOOD D GDUN et al.1RXKUDet al. VOLUME 6 · NO. 2 309 310 ARTICLE WXUHEDVLGLRVSRUHV Fig. 6. Fig. 5. Diagnosis &DVWHOODQRDZRUOGDXWKRULW\RQVHTXHVWUDWHIXQJL Etymology )LJV$± 0\FR%DQN0% Castellanea \RHXWSULO\ PUHWVTHWDHRYDWH VHTXHVWUDWH VWLSH VKRUW HPHUJHQW D FKDUDFWHUV SDUWLDOO\ ZLWK IROORZLQJ WR WKH K\SRJHRXV RI FRPELQDWLRQ peridium ( 9514 0(6P Type species:Castellaneapakaraimophila Cystidia SHGLFHOODWH GH[WULQRLG RIWHQ EURZQ Basidiospores Columella WKLQ VXEJODEURXV %DVLGLRPDWDRI 0LFURVFRSLFIHDWXUHVRI B. DQGFODPSFRQQHFWLRQVDEVHQW RJWGQO HWRVRLJ LK\ RGG OE DDOWKLF EDVDOO\ JOHED IROGHG KLJKO\ VKRZLQJ VHFWLRQ /RQJLWXGLQDO Henkel 9670 : KU DLHZWD LJH WUOYHLQ VWHULOH VLQJOH D ZLWK SDGOLNH VKRUW : 7KHJHQXVLVQDPHGLQKRQRURI'U0LFKDHO$ LWQXVHIRRWKHU IURP 'LVWLQJXLVKHG statismosporic, 7:+HQNHO 0(6P D. *OHEDOWUDPDVKRZLQJGLVWLQFWPHGLRVWUDWXPDQGVWURQJO\GLYHUJ %DUV PP Castellanea pakaraimophila Gleba Peridium UZ QKQLJORFXODWH XQFKDQJLQJ EURZQ Castellanea pakaraimophila VXEIXVLIRUPVPRRWK\HOORZLVK UQHERQXQFKDQJLQJ RUDQJHEURZQ Basidia Boletacaeae gen. nov. HNO +HQNHO 7: A. VXEFODYDWH Basidiomata 'RUVDOYLHZ OHIW DQGYHQWUDO KRORW\SH \ D E\ Smith Henkel 9514 et al HHSUGX QVRW WS VWLSH VKRUW DQG SHULGLXP NHQHG < LR\H *QDN DFFHVVLRQ *HQ%DQN LVRW\SHV QXPEHU,76DQG6 .& ± 1< * 'HF LQZKLWHVDQGVRLOXQGHU ¶´1¶´:QRUWKHUQYLFLQLW\RIEDVHFDPS RI ZHVW NP 0W$\DQJDQQDLQYLFLQLW\RI3HJDLPDVDYDQQDEDVHFDPSDW a %DVLQ 5LYHU 0D]DUXQL 8SSHU 0RXQWDLQV Type RIWHQ DUH WKDW EDVLGLRVSRUHV GH[WULQRLGDQGUHOHDVHGLQWHWUDGVDQGDEVHQFHRIF\VWLGLD JOHED XQFKDQJLQJ EURZQ SHULGLXP RUDQJHEURZQ WR JUH\RUDQJH WKH RI FRPELQDWLRQ Diagnosis P\FRUUKL]DVZLWK UHIHUHQFHWRRFFXUUHQFHRIWKHVSHFLHVDVEDVLGLRPDWDDQG Etymology )LJV$± 0\FR%DQN0% Castellanea pakaraimophila . sp. nov. : Guyana YLHZV PLGGOHULJKW VKRZLQJV A. : LQJODWHUDOVWUDWXP%±& SKDVHFRQWUDVW%DUV P : 'LIIHUVIURPRWKHUNQRZQVHTXHVWUDWHWD[DE\WKH %DVLGLRVSRUHV Pakaraimaea : Henkel 9514 Pakaraimaea dipterocarpacea Region 7Cuyuni-Mazaruni P. dipterocarpacea B–C. and %* ± RR\H+68 KRORW\SH ± %5* Henkel 9670 )RXUVWHULJPDWHEDVLGLDZLWKPD –philus 7:+HQNHO 0(6P KRUWVWLSH KRORW\SH * RLJLQ ORYLQJ *N C. and UQLK EURZQ 2UDQJLVK 3DNDUDLPD IMA FUNGUS D. jenmanii Henkel , New sequestrate Boletaceae from Guyana Description: Basidiomata LUUHJXODUO\ ÀDWWHQHGRYDWH ± Commentary: Castellanea pakaraimophila is recognized in ARTICLE PPWDOO±PPEURDGVXE¿UPVRIWHUZLWKDJH VXUIDFH WKH¿HOGE\WKHRYDWHEDVLGLRPDWDRUDQJHEURZQSHULGLXP OLJKWJUH\LVKRUDQJH $±%±% WRRUDQJHEURZQ &± GDUNEURZQORFXODWHJOHEDVKRUWVWLSHXQFKDQJLQJWLVVXHV '±( ZLWKRFFDVLRQDOGDUNHUKXPLFVWDLQVXQFKDQJLQJ upon exposure, and association with P. dipterocarpacea. ZLWKSUHVVXUHJODEURXVPDFURVFRSLFDOO\XQGHUKDQGOHQVD 0LFURPRUSKRORJLFDOO\ C. pakaraimophila is characterized GHQVHUHSHQWPDWRIOLJKWRUDQJHK\SKDHZLWKDJHYLVFLGWR E\ WKH VPRRWK \HOORZLVK EURZQ IUHTXHQWO\ GH[WULQRLG QHDUO\ JOXWLQRXV EDVH VXEWHQGHG E\ D VKRUW FRQFRORXURXV EDVLGLRVSRUHV WKDW DEVFLVH LQ WHWUDGV DQG ZHOO VWLSHWKLVîPPZLWKDVLQJOHFRQFRORXURXVK\SKDO GH¿QHG PHGLRVWUDWXP RI WKH JOHEDO WUDPD Castellanea FRUG Peridium LQ ORQJLWXGLQDO VHFWLRQ H[WUHPHO\ WKLQ RYHU pakaraimophila KDV EHHQ FRQ¿UPHG DV DQ (&0 V\PELRQW DSLFDOô PP FRQFRORXURXVZLWKWKHVXUIDFHRYHU of P. dipterocarpacea EDVHG RQ DQDO\VLV RI ,76 U'1$ EDVDO óWKLFNHQLQJ WRPPDQG WKHUHRIIZKLWHVLQJOH VHTXHQFHV IURP (&0 URRWV 6PLWK et al. ,Q WKH OD\HUHGVHSDUDEOHGleba GDUNEURZQ (±)(±) SK\ORJHQHWLF DQDO\VLV UHSRUWHG KHUH C. pakaraimophila is WKURXJKRXWXQFKDQJLQJZLWKH[SRVXUHRILUUHJXODUO\VKDSHG SXWDWLYHO\UHODWHGWRDFOXVWHURITylopilus VSHFLHVLQFOXGLQJ ORFXOHVZLWKLQWHULRUVXUIDFHVPLQXWHO\EURZQLVKKLVSLGXQGHU WKHW\SHVSHFLHVRIWKHJHQXVT. felleusEXWZLWKRXWERRWVWUDS KDQG OHQV ORFXOH ZDOOV WUDQVOXFHQWJHODWLQRXV FROXPHOOD VXSSRUW )LJ . DULVLQJ IURP WKH WKLFNHQHG EDVDO SHULGLXP ZLWK D VLQJOH Castellanea pakaraimophila LV VLPLODU WR Mackintoshia QDUURZ JHODWLQRXV YHLQ H[WHQGLQJ WR DSH[ Odour VOLJKWO\ persica EHFDXVH ERWK KDYH GH[WULQRLG RU SDUWLDOO\ GH[WULQRLG RI LRGLQH taste QRW REWDLQHG Macrochemical reactions not OLJKW \HOORZLVK EURZQ RU RFKUDFHRXV\HOORZ EDVLGLRVSRUHV REWDLQHG &DVWHOODQR et al. 3DFLRQL 6KDUS +RZHYHU Peridium ± ȝP WKLFN VLQJOHOD\HUHG RI WLJKWO\ C. pakaraimophila differs from M. persica LQ LWV VXEIXVLIRUP LQWHUZRYHQ UHSHQW K\SKDH \HOORZLVK EURZQ LQ .2+ DQG EDVLGLRVSRUHVUHOHDVHGLQWHWUDGVDQGODFNRIF\VWLGLD 3DFLRQL +2 EHFRPLQJ PRUH SDUDOOHO DQG K\DOLQH WRZDUG JOHED 6KDUS $GGLWLRQDOO\ WKH JOHEDO WUDPD LQ M. persica LQGLYLGXDO K\SKDH ± ȝP ZLGH WKLQZDOOHG WHUPLQDO FHOOV UDQJHV IURP ± ȝP ZLGH LV JHODWLQRXV DQG ODFNV D F\OLQGULFDOWRVXEFDSLWDWH ±î±ȝPGlebal trama with GLVWLQFWPHGLRVWUDWXP7KHSURWRORJXHGHVFULSWLRQRIM. persica D GLVWLQFW PHGLRVWUDWXP DQG ODWHUDO VWUDWXP PHGLRVWUDWXP QRWHVWKDWEDVLGLXPPRUSKRORJ\FKDQJHVZLWKEDVLGLRPDDJH K\DOLQH LQ +2 DQG .2+ ± ȝP ZLGH RI SDUDOOHO LQDPDQQHUVLPLODUWRWKDWVHHQLQC. pakaraimophila 3DFLRQL VOLJKWO\LQWHUZRYHQK\SKDH LQGLYLGXDOK\SKDH±PZLGH 6KDUS +RZHYHUZLWKC. pakaraimophila WKHEDVLGLD ODWHUDOVWUDWXPGLYHUJHQWDWDULJKWDQJOHIURPPHGLRVWUDWXP EHFRPH VPDOOHU DQG PRUH DQJXODU ZLWK DJH ZKHUHDV WKH K\DOLQH LQ +2 DQG .2+ JUDGLQJ LPSHUFHSWLEO\ LQWR WKH LQLWLDOO\FODYDWHEDVLGLDRIM. persicaEHFRPHORQJXWULIRUPWR GHQVHO\ LQWHUZRYHQ VXEK\PHQLXP Hymenium D SDOLVDGH IXVLIRUP 3DFLRQL 6KDUS 7KH WZR VSHFLHV DUH DOVR RI WLJKWO\ SDFNHG EDVLGLD DQG EDVLGLROHV Basidia IDLQWO\ XQUHODWHGSK\ORJHQHWLFDOO\ )LJ JUH\ LQ +2 DQG .2+ FKDQJLQJ LQ VKDSH ZLWK PDWXULW\ LQ 6RPH Rossbeevera VSHFLHV FDQ QRPLQDOO\ UHVHPEOH GHYHORSLQJ EDVLGLRPDWD HJ Henkel 9670 VXEFODYDWH C. pakaraimophila EHFDXVH WKH\ KDYH QHDUO\ VPRRWK LQIUHTXHQWO\ F\OLQGURFODYDWH UDUHO\ F\OLQGULFDO ± ȝP EDVLGLRVSRUHVDQGODFNF\VWLGLD+RZHYHUWKHEDVLGLRVSRUHV ORQJ±ȝPEURDGDWDSH[±ȝPDWFHQWUH± of Rossbeevera DUH QRQGH[WULQRLG LQGLYLGXDOO\ DEVFLVHG ȝPDWEDVHWKLQZDOOHG VWHULJPDWDIRXUVWUDLJKW±î VOLJKWO\ WR GLVWLQFWO\ ORQJLWXGLQDOO\ ULGJHG DQG EDUHO\ ±ȝP LQIXOO\PDWXUHEDVLGLRPDWD HJHenkel 9514) DQJXODU WR VWHOODWH LQ SRODU YLHZ ,Q FRQWUDVW WKH GH[WULQRLG FRQVLVWHQWO\FODYDWH±ȝPORQJZLWKIRXUVKRUW aȝP EDVLGLRVSRUHVRIC. pakaraimophilaODFNDQJXODULW\DQGDUH KLJKO\ UHGXFHG VWHULJPDWD Basidiospores statismosporic, IUHTXHQWO\DEVFLVHGLQWHWUDGV%DVLGLRPDWDRIRossbeevera VPRRWKVXEIXVLIRUPELODWHUDOO\V\PPHWULFDOLQDOOYLHZV± VSHFLHVDOVRXQGHUJRDEOXHRUEODFNLVKFRORXUFKDQJHXSRQ î± ± ȝP PHDQ î ȝP EUXLVLQJRUH[SRVXUH /HEHOet al.2ULKDUD et al.E 4U ± ±4P n OLJKW\HOORZLVK %DVHGRQWKHEDVLGLRPHFRORXUDQGEDVLGLRVSRUHVKDSH C. pakaraimophila EURZQLQ+2DQG.2+RIWHQZLWKRQHGH[WULQRLGJXWWXOHZLWK EHDUV VRPH UHVHPEODQFH WR VSHFLHV RI D VKRUW SHGLFHO O ȝP ORQJ IUHTXHQWO\ UHOHDVHG LQ WHWUDGV Alpova (Paxillaceae) and Mycoamaranthus (Boletaceae Cystidia and clamp connections DEVHQW +RZHYHU Alpova VSHFLHV KDYH VPDOOHU EDVLGLRVSRUHV D SVHXGRSDUHQFK\PDWRXV SHULGLXP DEXQGDQW FODPS Habit, habitat and distribution: 6ROLWDU\ RU LQ D VPDOO JURXS FRQQHFWLRQV DQG DUH XVXDOO\ DVVRFLDWHG ZLWK Alnus 'RGJH SDUWLDOO\ HPHUJHQW RQ PLQHUDO VRLOKXPLF OD\HU LQWHUIDFH RQ 1RXKUDet al.0RUHDXet al.0RUHDXet al. WKH IRUHVW ÀRRU XQGHU P. dipterocarpacea, or immersed in +D\ZDUG et al. 6SHFLHV RI Mycoamaranthus, though GHFD\LQJ ZRRG KXPXV DW EDVH RI GHDG P. dipterocapacea VLPLODU LQ SHULGLDO PLFURPRUSKRORJ\ WR C. pakaraimophila, NQRZQRQO\IURPWKHW\SHORFDOLW\LQWKH8SSHU0D]DUXQL5LYHU KDYH¿QHO\RUQDPHQWHGWRVSLQXORVHEDVLGLRVSRUHVDEULJKW %DVLQRI*X\DQD \HOORZ SHULGLXP DQG DUH FXUUHQWO\ RQO\ NQRZQ IURP$IULFD 6RXWK(DVW $VLD DQG $XVWUDODVLD &DVWHOODQR et al. Additional specimen examined: Guyana: Region 7 Cuyuni-Mazaruni: /XP\RQJ et al. 7KH IXVRLG VPRRWK SHGLFHOODWH 3DNDUDLPD 0RXQWDLQV 8SSHU 0D]DUXQL 5LYHU %DVLQ a NP ZHVW EDVLGLRVSRUHVRIC. pakaraimophila DOVRUHVHPEOHWKRVHRI RI 0W $\DQJDQQD LQ YLFLQLW\ RI 3HJDLPD VDYDQQD EDVH FDPS DW species of Hysterangium (Hysterangiales) which otherwise ¶´1¶´:PQRUWKHDVWRIEDVHFDPSLQZRRG GLIIHU LQ KDYLQJ D GHQGURLG FROXPHOOD D GDUN JUHHQLVK RU KXPXV DW EDVH RI GHDG P. dipterocarpacea -XQH Henkel EURZQJOHEDDQGLQODFNLQJF\VWLGLD &DVWHOODQRet al. 9670 %5* +68* *HQ%DQNDFFHVVLRQQXPEHU,76 6SHFLHVLQDIHZRWKHUWHPSHUDWHVHTXHVWUDWHJHQHUDRI /& BoletalesKDYHODUJHIXVRLGVPRRWKEDVLGLRVSRUHVWKDWFRXOG VOLUME 6 · NO. 2 311 312 ARTICLE 0(6P Type species:Costatisporuscaerulescens LQIUHTXHQW SHGLFHO GLVFRQWLQXRXV FODYDWH RU HQWLUH WKHVH ZLWKFRVWDWHRUQDPHQWDWLRQRIORQJLWXGLQDOULGJHVSROHWRSROH LQDP\ORLG EURZQ OLJKW REORQJ WR VXEJORERVH VWDWLVPRVSRULF RRU GQULFOPODDG UDVFDHZLWK DVVRFLDWHG DUH DQG Pinaceae FROXPHOOD GHQGURLG D FRORXUV EURZQXQFKDQJLQJORFXODWHVWHULOHYHLQVDEVHQW Diagnosis ULGJHGRUQDPHQWDWLRQRIWKHEDVLGLRVSRUHV sporus XQGHU LQWHUIDFH OD\HU VRLOKXPLF 1 ¶´:LQ/DQFHSORWVROLWDU\RQODWHULWLFPLQHUDO ¶´ DW FDPS EDVH RI VRXWKHDVW 0W NP RI HDVW $\DQJDQQD NP a %DVLQ 5LYHU 3RWDUR 8SSHU 0RXQWDLQV Type DQGODUJHEDVLGLRVSRUHVZLWKFRVWDWHRUQDPHQWDWLRQ EOXHEURZQDFROXPHOODWHJOHEDVWURQJFKRFRODWHQXWW\RGRXU GDUN WKDWVWDLQV SHULGLXP \HOORZ WRJUH\LVK RIIZKLWH WKH E\ Diagnosis WKH RI UHDFWLRQ DXWRR[LGDWLRQ EOXH EUXLVHGSHULGLXP GDUN WKH WR UHIHUULQJ Etymology Costatisporus cyanescens Etymology )LJV&± 0\FR%DQN0% Costatisporus and GDUNEURZQJOHEDFRORXUVDQGDUHDVVRFLDWHGZLWK ZLWKJHO¿OOHGORFXOHV WKHIROORZLQJZD\V GLIIHULQDGGLWLRQWRKDYLQJQRQGH[WULQRLGEDVLGLRVSRUHVLQ SRWHQWLDOO\EHFRQIXVHGZLWKWKRVHRI WLLJ DN OHJDUXWVERHWV WKLQ VXEWRPHQWRVH WR JODEURXV EOXH GDUN VWDLQLQJ VHTXHVWUDWH HPHUJHQW SDUWLDOO\ WR FRPELQDWLRQRIWKHIROORZLQJFKDUDFWHUV Description .7 1<±LVRW\SHV *HQ%DQNDFFHVVLRQQXPEHUV,76 LK PO RVE\ QHWEDH \RKJVH[FDYDWLRQV P\FRSKDJLVW LQYHUWHEUDWH SRVVLEO\ DUHDV VPDOO LQ ZLWK VRIWHU ± ¿UP EUXLVHG RYHU RU VTXHH]HG SURJUHVVLYHO\ ZKHUH PLQXWHV DQG VORZO\ VWDLQV '±( ZKHUH % XQVWDLQHGE\VRLOGHYHORSLQJLQFUHDVLQJO\GHHSEOXH &± $±$ \HOORZ LQLWLDOO\ JUH\LVK VXUIDFH WR OLJKW EURDG WR PP RIIZKLWH ± WDOO PP ± OREHG )LJV&± 0\FR%DQN0% sp. nov. : Truncocolumella Henkel 9061 /DGM$ ±VSRUHG LQUHIHUHQFHWRWKHGLVWLQFWLYHO\ /DGM$ Guyana Cystidia : : 7UDSSH : : : (DVLO\GLIIHUHQWLDWHGIURPRWKHUVHTXHVWUDWHWD[D RPB Basidiomata Cyanescens LWQXVHIRRWKHU IURP 'LVWLQJXLVKHG Costatus DQGFODPSFRQQHFWLRQVDEVHQW : /& 7:+HQNHO 0(6P et al. Region 8Potaro-Siparuni Melanogaster %* ± RR\H+8 * +68 KRORW\SH ± %5* /DM$ LEG U LJG DQG ULGJHG RU ULEEHG $ DGM / Rhizopogon SFHKYJHQVERQ JOHED EURZQ JUHHQLVK KDYH VSHFLHV /DM EFPQGUEOXH GDUN EHFRPLQJ DGM$ / XJRRH R YWDG VOLJKWO\ DQG RYDWH WR VXEJORERVH RPB 7:+HQNHO 0(6P VSHFLHVKDYHDEODFNJOHED VSHFLHVKDYHROLYDFHRXVWR D. corymbosa /& Peridium Basidiomata C. pakaraimophila Boletacaeae U\V\HOORZ JUH\LVK HNO +HQNHO 7: gen. nov. 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