Digital Interface

劉光新國防部中山科學研究院研究員大同大學資工系兼任副教授 Jeffrey Guang-Sheen Liu ([email protected])

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Content

 Computer System  Serial/Parallel Communication  Embedded System  Radar  AMS  ROCSAT

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Basic System Architecture

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Processor Architecture

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Bus Signals and Timing

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Strobe vs. Handshake

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Bus Interconnection Scheme

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Timing Diagram

Addr

ALE

Read

Write

2009/11/07 Digital Interface PC Architecture with PCI

2GBps AGP

DDR

PCI 133MBps SATA

ATA

2009/11/07 Digital Interface PC Architecture with PCI Express

8GBps PCIe X16 DDR2

SATA

PCI

PCIe X1 500 MBps

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Motherboard with Four Slots

PCI-X

PCIe x8

PCI

PCIe x16

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Content

 Computer System  Serial/Parallel Communication  Embedded System  Radar  AMS  ROCSAT

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Single-Ended Transmission

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Differential Transmission

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Connectivity

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Data Transmission Topologies (1)

Point to Point

MultiDrop (Distributed Simplex)

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Data Transmission Topologies (2)

Multipoint (Multiplex)

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Principle of Parallel and Serial communication

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Serial communication

 Serial communication is used for all long-haul communication and most computer networks, where the cost of cable and synchronization difficulties make parallel communication impractical.  At shorter distances, serial computer buses are becoming more common because of a tipping point where the disadvantages of parallel busses (clock skew, interconnect density) outweigh their advantage of simplicity (no need for serializer and deserializer (SERDES)).  Improved technology to ensure signal integrity and to transmit and receive at a sufficiently high speed per lane have made serial links competitive. The migration from PCI to PCI-Express is an example.

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Examples (1)

 RS-232 (low-speed, implemented by Serial Ports)  RS-423  RS-485  Universal Serial Bus (moderate-speed, for connecting computers to peripherals)  FireWire  Ethernet  Fibre Channel (high-speed, for connecting computers to mass storage devices)  InfiniBand (very high speed, broadly comparable in scope to PCI)

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Examples (2)

 MIDI control of electronic musical instruments  DMX512 control of theatrical lighting  Serial Attached SCSI (SAS)  Serial ATA (SATA)  SpaceWire Spacecraft communication network  PCI Express (PCI-E or PCIe)  SONET and SDH (high speed telecommunication over optical fibers)  T-1, E-1 and variants (high speed telecommunication over copper pairs)

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Parallel Communication

 parallel communication is a method of sending several data signals simultaneously over a communication link (comprised of several wired channels in parallel) at one time. It contrasts with serial communication; this distinction is one way of characterizing a communications link.  The basic difference between a parallel and a serial communication channel is the number of distinct wires or strands at the physical layer used for simultaneous transmission from a device.

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Examples

 Computer peripheral buses: ISA, ATA, SCSI, PCI and Front side bus, and the once-ubiquitous IEEE-1284 / Centronics "printer port"  Laboratory Instrumentation bus IEEE-488

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Comparison

SPECIFICATIONS RS232 RS422 RS485 Mode of Operation SINGLE- DIFFER- DIFFER- ENDED ENTIAL ENTIAL Maximum Cable Length 50 FT. 4000 FT. 4000 FT. Maximum Data Rate 20kb/s 10Mb/s- 10Mb/s- (40ft. - 4000ft. for 100Kb/s 100Kb/s RS422/RS485) Maximum Driver Output +/-25V -0.25V to -7V to Voltage +6V +12V Driver Output Signal +/-5V to +/-2.0V +/-1.5V Level (Loaded Min.) +/-15V

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Mass Storage Device Interface (1)

 AT Attachment (ATA)

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Mass Storage Device Interface (2)

 Small Computer System Interface, or SCSI (pronounced ['skʌzi],

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Mass Storage Device Interface (3)

 The Serial ATA (SATA)

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Mass Storage Device Interface (4)

 Serial Attached SCSI (SAS)

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Transmission Rate of SATA and SAS

SATA Transmission Rate (Gbps) 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0 3.0 6.0

SAS Transmission Rate (Gbps) 1.0 1.5/3.0 1.0 (dual port) 3.0/6.0 1.0 (wide links) 12/24 2.0 3.0/6.0 2.0 (dual port) 6/12 2.0 (wide links) 24/48

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Comparison of SATA and SAS

SPECIFICATIONS SATA 2.0 SAS 1.0 Topology Point to point Point to point Addressing 1 16,384 1.5/3.0 Gbps 1.5/3.0 Gbps Transmission rate (300 MB/s) (300 MB/s) Distance (M) 2 8 Dual Port No Yes ATA SCSI, SATA, STP, Protocol SMP Duplex Half Full

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Comparison of USB and IEEE 1394

USB 2.0 USB 3.0 IEEE IEEE SPEC 1394 1394b Year 2001 2009 1995 2002 Topology Bus Bus Bus Bus 480 Mbps 5 Gbps 400 800 Transmission (60 MB/s) (625 Mbps Mbps rate MB/s) (50 MB/s) (100 MB/s) Distance (M) 6 4.5 Hot Plug yes yes yes yes

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Comparison of Parallel Interface

IEEE 1284 ATA PCI SPECIFI- Ultra DMA CATIONS Mode 6 Data rate per line 4 MHz 66 MHz 66 MHz Data rate per device 8 MB/s 133 MB/s 533 MB/s Distance 10 M 0.45 M 0.2 M

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Comparison of Video Camera Interface

Camera Link IEEE 1394b USB 2.0 SPECIFI- CATIONS

BW 250 MB/s 100 MB/s 60 MB/s Cable Length 10 M 4.5 M 5 M # wire 12 6 4 200, 500, 30, 60, Frame rate 1000 120

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Zotac ZT-96TES3D Display Card

D-Sub, DVI, S Connector

Display port, DVI, HDMI Connector

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Content

 Computer System  Serial/Parallel Communication  Embedded System  Radar  AMS  ROCSAT

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Surveillance Camera System

Source: Altera

2009/11/07 Digital Interface DMCK – Video Processing Development Kit

Source: ATEME

2009/11/07 Digital Interface DMCK – TI DM642 Processor

2009/11/07 Digital Interface DMCK Kit Features

2009/11/07 Digital Interface FPGA and DSP – a complete Synergy

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Xilinx Video Starter Kit

Source: Xilinx

2009/11/07 Digital Interface ATMEL MCU with MP3 Decoder ATMEL AT8xC51SND1C

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Application of AT8xC51SND1C (1) ATMEL AT8xC51SND1C

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Application of AT8xC51SND1C (2) ATMEL AT8xC51SND1C

2009/11/07 Digital Interface ATMEL MCU with CAN Controller ATMEL AT89C51CC03

2009/11/07 Digital Interface ATMEL MCU with Full Speed USB ATMEL AT89C5136

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Content

 Computer System  Serial/Parallel Communication  Embedded System  Radar  AMS  ROCSAT

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Radar System

Radar Scope

Video Antenna Duplexer Receiver Data Signal Modem Processing Processing

Motor Transmitter PPI

Optical Pulse Modulator Encoder Genarator

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Radar Scope

CPU

SDRAM North Bridge

Coordinate Overlay Graphic AZ Converter Processor Controller Monitor

Decimation Video Display A/D RAMDAC Filter Memory

Control T0 Unit VGA Card

RSC Card

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Radar Scope

2009/11/07 Digital Interface PPI (Plan Position Indicator)

2009/11/07 Digital Interface 相關專利 (Patents)

 劉光新， "雷達掃描轉換器及影像混合裝置"，中華民國專利第 424153 號，90年3月1日 (March 1, 2001)。  Guang-Sheen Liu, “Radar scan converter and method of mixing image”,US Patent 6,087,982, July 11, 2000  劉光新，廖志明、方虹奇， "雷達視訊顯示和錄製裝置"，中華民國專利第 486577 號，91年5月2日 (May 2, 2002)。  Guang-Sheen Liu, Chih-Ming Liao and Hon-Chi Fon, “Radar video display and recording device”,US Patent 6,342,852, Jan. 29, 2002

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Content

 Computer System  Serial/Parallel Communication  Embedded System  Radar  AMS  ROCSAT

2009/11/07 Digital Interface International Space Station (ISS)

seen from the departing Space Shuttle Endeavour on STS-126 @ November 28, 2008

2009/11/07 Digital Interface AMS on ISS

2009/11/07 Digital Interface AMS System

2009/11/07 Digital Interface J-Crate

2009/11/07 Digital Interface AMS

AMS ISS

Front end Global Detectors DAQ DAQ

JSBC SRD JBU TRD AMSW JIM- AMSW HRDL TOF CDDC JIM_CAN Tracker JIM_ HRDL RICH JHIF

CAN MCC

2009/11/07 Digital Interface GDAQ

GDAQ

JSBC JBU PCI Bus

JIM- JIM- JIM- AMSW AMSW CAN HRDL

JHIF HRDL

CAN

2009/11/07 Digital Interface JIM-CAN

2009/11/07 Digital Interface JIM-HRDL

2009/11/07 Digital Interface J-Crate on Vibration Machine

2009/11/07 Digital Interface J-Crate on Vacum Chamber in NSPO

2009/11/07 Digital Interface Content

 Computer System  Serial/Parallel Communication  Embedded System  Radar  AMS  ROCSAT

2009/11/07 Digital Interface NSPO Program

計畫階段年限任務第一期 I 1991~97 (16年) II 1998~06 1999~04，福衛1號 (實驗衛星) 2004~09，福衛2號 (遙測衛星) 2006，福衛3號 (6顆微衛星) 第一期 I 2004~07 (15年) II 2008~12 (2010)，福衛4號 (微衛星) (2011)，福衛5號 (遙測衛星) (2012)，福衛6號 (微衛星) III 2013~18 (2014)，國際ODM微衛星 (2017)，國際ODM遙測衛星

2009/11/07 Digital Interface ROCSAT-1

2009/11/07 Digital Interface ROCSAT-2 (1)

2009/11/07 Digital Interface ROCSAT-2 (2)

2009/11/07 Digital Interface ROCSAT-2 (3)

2009/11/07 Digital Interface ROCSAT-2 (4)

2009/11/07 Digital Interface ROCSAT-3 (1)

2009/11/07 Digital Interface ROCSAT-3 (2)

2009/11/07 Digital Interface ROCSAT-3 (3)

2009/11/07 Digital Interface NSPO Program

2009/11/07 Digital Interface 第二期 Program

2009/11/07 Digital Interface ROCSAT-5 and ROCSAT-4

2009/11/07 Digital Interface ROCSAT-5

CDMU=Command and Data Management Unit

PCDU=Power Control and Distribution Unit

2009/11/07 Digital Interface CDMU

Interrupt 32-bit On-chip FPU Timers SPARC memory UART with EDMA Cache GPIO

32-bit AMBA AHB

Memory SDRAM SpaceWire CAN Mil-Std-1553 Controller Controller Link 2.0 Interface with EDMA with EDMA Interface Controller

2009/11/07 Digital Interface RSI (Remote Sensing Instrument)

FPA OSA Signal processing and A/D Camera link (LVDS)

EU Power and Control: Image Processing: ─ Camera control ─ Data compression ─ House keeping ─ Data formatting ─ Thermal control ─ File management ─ Time management ─ Data storage ─ Data encryption ─ Channel coding

Space craft bus (RS-422) (LVDS)

X-band CDMU Antenna Transmitter

2009/11/07 Digital Interface