Iceland Land of Fire and Ice
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Norðurland Vestra
NORÐURLAND VESTRA Stöðugreining 2019 20.03.2020 Ritstjórn: Laufey Kristín Skúladóttir. Aðrir höfundar efnis: Sigurður Árnason, Jóhannes Finnur Halldórsson, Einar Örn Hreinsson, Anna Lea Gestsdóttir, Guðmundur Guðmundsson, Sigríður Þorgrímsdóttir, Anna Lilja Pétursdóttir og Snorri Björn Sigurðsson. ISBN: 978-9935-9503-5-2 2 Norðurland vestra 5.4 Opinber störf .......................................................................................... 28 Stöðugreining 2019 6. Önnur þjónusta ............................................................................................ 31 6.1 Verslun .................................................................................................. 31 6.2 Ýmis þjónusta ........................................................................................ 31 Efnisyfirlit Inngangur .......................................................................................................... 6 6.3 Ferðaþjónusta ....................................................................................... 32 1. Norðurland vestra, staðhættir og sérkenni ................................................... 7 7. Landbúnaður ............................................................................................... 35 1.1 Um svæðið .............................................................................................. 7 7.1 Kjötframleiðsla ....................................................................................... 35 1.2 Íbúaþéttleiki ............................................................................................ -
Stofnvöktun Lunda 2017-2019
STOFNVÖKTUN LUNDA 2017-2019 Lokaskýrsla til Umhverfisstofnunar Árlegur stofnvöxtur lunda (λ) á Íslandi 2010-2019. Stofninn vex þegar λ > 1 og rénar þegar λ < 1, λ = 1 er sýnt með svartri láréttri línu. Veiðar eru stofnvistfræðilega ósjálfbærar þegar þegar λ < 1. Geometrískt meðaltal λ árin 2010-2019 er 0,96478, eða -2,73% fækkun á ári. Reiknuð fækkun með þessu meðaltali árabilið 2003-2019 er - 43,7%. Litir sýna þá IUCN flokka sem viðkomandi stofnvöxtur raðast á hverju ári: rauður; Í bráðri hættu – Critically Endangered; appelsínugulur; Í hættu – Endangered; gulur; Í nokkurri hættu – Vulnerable; grænn; Ekki í hættu – Least Concern. Erpur Snær Hansen 15. desember 2019 Náttúrustofa Suðurlands Stofnvöktun lunda á Íslandi 2017-2019 SAMANTEKT Lundi er algengastur og einna mest veiddur íslenskra fugla. Næstum allur lundi er nú veiddur í háf á varptíma og varð háfaveiði ríkjandi veiðiaðferð í Vestmannaeyjum um 1880 [1]. Þar hefur veiðimagn verið tengt sjávarhita frá 1880 [2]. Skiptast á hlý- og köld tímabil sem vara í um 35 ár (svonefnd AMO sveifla), og hefur veiði hnignað á hlýskeiðunum en aukist á kaldskeiðum. Núverandi hlýskeið hófst 1996 og hefur lundaveiði á landsvísu dregist saman um 90% 1995-2018, en samdrátturinn 1995-2007 nemur 73 prósentustigum, þ.e. áður en dregið var úr sókn. Líklegt er að lækkuð viðkoma á landsvísu skýri að mestu þennan samdrátt í veiðum, sem aftur endurspeglar neikvæð áhrif hitabreytinga og hugsanlega fleiri umhverfisþátta á aðalfæðutegundir lunda hérlendis, sandsíli og loðnu. Árlegur stofnvöxtur (λ) Íslenska lundastofnsins á landsvísu árabilið 2010-2019 var að meðaltali 0,96478 sem er undir stofnvistfræðilegum sjálfbærnimörkum (λ = 1). -
Baula Esjan Hekla Katla Askja
GEFÐU STARFSFÓLKINU DAGAMUN Þótt árshátíðir og ýmis annar gleðskapur hafi fallið niður hjá fyrirtækjum og stofnunum er auðvelt að gefa starfsfólkinu glaðning og gera því glaðan dag. Við útbúum óskaskrín sérmerkt þínu fyrirtæki og með kveðju til starfsfólksins. Hafðu samband í síma 577 5600 eða [email protected]. Suðurlandsbraut 30 | 577 5600 | [email protected] | oskaskrin.is Askja VERÐ 5.900 KR. Handhafi Óskaskrínsins velur eina af eftirfarandi upplifunum DEKUR VEITINGAHÚS AFÞREYING SNYRTISTOFAN VERÐI ÞINN VILJI FJÖLSKYLDU- OG HÚSDÝRAGARÐURINN HEILSA OG ÚTLIT WHALES OF ICELAND HREYFING PODCASTSTÖÐIN BEAUTY LOUNGE BY SHE SÓLIR JÓGASTÚDÍÓ SNYRTISTOFA ÁGÚSTU - Vestmannaeyjar SKAUTAHÖLL AKUREYRAR HIÐ NÝJA LÍF - Akureyri BIKE CAVE BREWDOG REYKJAVÍK GRILLHÚSIÐ HAMBORGARAFABRIKKAN KEF RESTAURANT - Keflavík KRISP - Selfoss HVER RESTAURANT - Hveragerði HAMBORGARAFABRIKKAN - Akureyri Baula VERÐ 8.900 KR. Handhafi Óskaskrínsins velur eina af eftirfarandi upplifunum DEKUR VEITINGAHÚS ÚTIVIST OG AFÞREYING VON MATHÚS SÓLIR JÓGA HEIM Í STOFU KRYDD DIVE.IS NAUTHÓLL HELLA HORSE RENTAL - Hella THE COOCOO’S NEST LANGHÚS HORSE TOURS - Fljótum HREYFING BREWDOG 1238 BARÁTTAN UM ÍSLAND - Sauðárkróki HELENA FAGRA HVER - Hveragerði ICEBERG BOAT TOURS - Öræfi SNYRTISTOFAN DIMMALIMM KRISP - Selfoss SNYRTISTOFAN FEGURÐ STRIKIÐ - Akureyri GISTING FYRIR TVO TRIMFORM GEISLINN STRANDAGALDUR - Hólmavík GRÍMUR HÓTEL - Höfuðborgarsvæðið HEILSA OG ÚTLIT HÓTEL BLANDA - Blönduós BEAUTY LOUNGE BY SHE SNYRTIMIÐSTÖÐIN VERÐI ÞINN VILJI - SNYRTISTOFA SNYRTISTOFA ÁGÚSTU - VESTMANNAEYJAR -
ICELAND Europe | Reykjavik, Akureyri, Húsavík, Lake Mývatn
ICELAND Europe | Reykjavik, Akureyri, Húsavík, Lake Mývatn Iceland EUROPE | Reykjavik, Akureyri, Húsavík, Lake Mývatn Season: 2021 Standard 8 DAYS 17 MEALS 28 SITES Revel in the unparalleled natural beauty of Iceland as you explore its dramatic landscapes that feature majestic waterfalls, lunar-like valleys, mountainous glaciers and stunning volcanoes. You’ll also savor culinary flavors and take part in the local traditions of this vibrant Nordic island. And be sure to keep an eye out for Yule Lads! ICELAND Europe | Reykjavik, Akureyri, Húsavík, Lake Mývatn Trip Overview 8 DAYS / 7 NIGHTS ACCOMMODATIONS 4 LOCATIONS Icelandair Hotel Reykjavik Reykjavik, Akureyri, Húsavík, Marina Lake Mývatn Icelandair Hotel Akureyri AGES FLIGHT INFORMATION 17 MEALS Minimum Age: 8 Arrive: Keflavík International 7 Breakfasts, 5 Lunches, 5 Suggested Age: 10+ Airport (KEF) Dinners Adult Exclusive: 18+ Return: Keflavík International Airport (KEF) ICELAND Europe | Reykjavik, Akureyri, Húsavík, Lake Mývatn DAY 1 REYKJAVIK Activities Highlights: Dinner Included Arrive in Reykjavik, Blue Lagoon Icelandair Hotel Reykjavik Marina Arrive in Reykjavik Velkomið (welcome) to Iceland! Fly into Keflavík International Airport (KEF), where you will be greeted by your driver who will take you to the Icelandair Hotel Reykjavik Marina. Check-In at Icelandair Hotel Reykjavik Marina As your Adventure Guides prepare for your 3:00 PM check-in, enjoy exploring this lively hotel with a whimsical feel. Notice the traditional Icelandic designs that references the island’s maritime culture – which is evident by its waterfront location. The hotel is walking distance from the quaint shops, restaurants, galleries and entertainment in the old harbor area. Welcome Reception at the Hotel Meet your fellow Adventurers and Adventure Guides before setting off for a relaxing visit to Blue Lagoon. -
Signature of Deep Mantle Melting in South Iceland Olivine
Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (2019) 174:43 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-019-1580-8 ORIGINAL PAPER Signature of deep mantle melting in South Iceland olivine Paavo Nikkola1,2 · Guðmundur H. Guðfnnsson2 · Enikő Bali2,3 · O. Tapani Rämö1 · Tobias Fusswinkel4 · Thorvaldur Thordarson2,3 Received: 1 December 2018 / Accepted: 26 April 2019 / Published online: 13 May 2019 © The Author(s) 2019 Abstract We present new high-precision major and trace element data on olivine macrocrysts from various volcano-tectonic settings in Iceland and use these data as a proxy for mantle mode and melting conditions. Within individual sampling sites examined (seven lavas and one tephra) olivine-dominated fractional crystallization, magma mixing and difusive re-equilibration control observed variability in olivine composition. High-pressure fractional crystallization of clinopyroxene may have lowered Ca and increased Fe/Mn in one olivine population and subsolidus difusion of Ni and Fe–Mg afected the mantle-derived Ni/Fo ratio in some compositionally zoned olivine macrocrysts. Interestingly, magmas erupted at the southern tip of the Eastern Volcanic Zone (SEVZ), South Iceland, have olivines with elevated Ni and low Mn and Ca contents compared to olivines from elsewhere in Iceland, and some of the SEVZ olivines have relatively low Sc and V and high Cr, Ti, Zn, Cu and Li in comparison to depleted Iceland rift tholeiite. In these olivines, the high Ni and low Mn indicate relatively deep melting (Pfnal > 1.4 GPa, ~ 45 km), Sc, Ti and V are compatible with low-degree melts of lherzolite mantle, and elevated Zn may suggest modal (low-olivine) or geochemical (high Zn) enrichment in the source. -
Table of Contents
Table of Contents Introduction 3 Index of Pictures 4 Places (cont.) Index of Battle Maps 4 Þjóðveldisbærinn Stöng 19 Places 5 Þingvellir 20 Region Maps of Iceland 5 Þórufoss 20 Akureyri 6 Vatnsfjörður 21 Askja 7 Vestmannaeyjar 21 Grjótagjá 7 Hekla 8 Helgafell 9 Höfn 9 Hofsjökull, Langjökull, and Vatnajökull 10 Húsavík 12 Kirkjufell 12 Reyðarfjall 13 Reykjavík 14 Reynisdrangar 14 Skálaholt 17 Skógafoss 17 Snæfellsjökull 18 Stokknes 19 Sample file 2 Introduction For those who are interested in other Viking-themed modules, I highly You may be asking yourself, “What recommend Iskloft and Journey to exactly am I supposed to do with this Ragnarök, both of which are available on Atlas?” DM Guild. They are very different from each other, but they are both clearly labors For starters, this Atlas is intended to be of love by their respective authors, and used in any D&D or Pathfinder game with a worth every cent to purchase. Finally, Norse/Viking theme, or any scenario taking Roll20.net and the Dungeon Painter Studio place in cold, northern regions. program (which is available on Steam) both have many resources for making maps in This Atlas seeks to breathe life into a game snowy areas. by providing photographs of real places in Iceland (known as “Garðarshólmi” during the Viking Age). Thus, for example, if the party is travelling across a great glacier, creeping through a frozen ice cave, or resting by a beautiful waterfall, don’t just tell them about it – show them! The Atlas also includes several versions of a map of Iceland that can be used to display the region overall, and each location’s place on the map. -
Phoca Vitulina) in Icelandic Waters
Monitoring trends in the abundance of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in Icelandic waters Erlingur Hauksson Fornistekkur 14, IS-109 Reykjavik, Iceland ABSTRACT Harbours seal ( Phoca vitulina) numbers along the coast of Iceland were monitored by aerial survey in the period 1980-2006. Trends in the abundance of the harbour seal population on the whole coast and in coastal regions of Iceland waters were estimated using ANCOVA on the sur - vey counts, corrected for the influence of several covariates. Harbour seals were found in every coastal area, but were most abundant in Faxaflói, Breiðafjörður and on the northwest coast in the beginning of this study. Harbour seal numbers declined significantly at a rate of res t = -0.04 (SE 0.005) y r-1 during this period. Decline was highest in Faxaflói and at the south coast ( ≅7%), while the east coast experienced a significant but lesser ( ≅1%) decline. Other coastal areas did not show significant trends. The northwest coast was the richest harbour seal area in Iceland in 2006. In Icelandic waters seals are commercially harvested, and unreported but probably high numbers of harbour seals are killed intentionally by shooting and accidentally in fishing gear each year. These factors likely contributed to the overall observed decline in seal numbers. Hauksson, E. 2010. Monitoring trends in the abundance of harbour seals ( Phoca vitulina ) in Icelandic waters. NAMMCO Sci. Publ. 8:227-244. INTRODUCTION ecosystem dynamics, its potential interactions with fisheries, the impacts of global climate An understanding of population status of the change, and other anthropogenic changes Icelandic harbour seal ( Phoca vitulina vituli - caused in habitat (Small et al. -
Og Félagsvísindasvið Háskólinn Á Akureyri 2020
Policing Rural and Remote Areas of Iceland: Challenges and Realities of Working Outside of the Urban Centres Birta Dögg Svansdóttir Michelsen Félagsvísindadeild Hug- og félagsvísindasvið Háskólinn á Akureyri 2020 < Policing Rural and Remote Areas of Iceland: Challenges and Realities of Working Outside of the Urban Centres Birta Dögg Svansdóttir Michelsen 12 eininga lokaverkefni sem er hluti af Bachelor of Arts-prófi í lögreglu- og löggæslufræði Leiðbeinandi Andrew Paul Hill Félagsvísindadeild Hug- og félagsvísindasvið Háskólinn á Akureyri Akureyri, Maí 2020 Titill: Policing Rural and Remote Areas of Iceland Stuttur titill: Challenges and Realities of Working Outside of the Urban Centres 12 eininga lokaverkefni sem er hluti af Bachelor of Arts-prófi í lögreglu- og löggæslufræði Höfundarréttur © 2020 Birta Dögg Svansdóttir Michelsen Öll réttindi áskilin Félagsvísindadeild Hug- og félagsvísindasvið Háskólinn á Akureyri Sólborg, Norðurslóð 2 600 Akureyri Sími: 460 8000 Skráningarupplýsingar: Birta Dögg Svansdóttir Michelsen, 2020, BA-verkefni, félagsvísindadeild, hug- og félagsvísindasvið, Háskólinn á Akureyri, 39 bls. Abstract With very few exceptions, factual and fictionalized the portrayals of the police and law enforcement are almost always situated in urban settings. Only ‘real’ police work occurs in the cities while policing in rural and remote areas is often depicted as less critical, or in some cases non-existent. In a similar fashion, much of the current academic literature has focused on police work in urban environments. It is only in the past five years that the academic focus has turned its attention to the experiences of police officers who live and work in rural and remote areas. To date, no such studies have yet examined the work of police officers in rural and remote areas of Iceland. -
Discover Iceland Cruise August 23-30, 2022
DISCOVER ICELAND CRUISE AUGUST 23-30, 2022 DISCOVER ICELAND CRUISE AUGUST 23-30, 2022 on board Windstar’s Star Pride REYKJAVIC | SURTSEY ISLAND | HEIMAEY ISLAND | SEYDISFJORDUR | AKUREYRI | ISAFJORDUR | GRUNDARFJORDUR Isla Espiritu Santo DISCOVER ICELAND CRUISE AUGUST 23-30, 2022 Dramatic scenery and curious communities coalesce on this week-long circumnavigation of Iceland. Explore a country few people will ever visit, and go far beyond the tourist hotspots to remote fjords, raging waterfalls, hot springs and small fishing villages. Get to know the independent and creative Icelanders, and watch whales, Atlantic Puns, Arctic Terns and other seabirds play o shore. Join us on a Vacation Stretcher and witness the beauty of Gullfoss, Golden Waterfalls, step into a glacier or walk on the continental divide when visiting Thingvellir National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, or pay a visit to the famed natural spa ‘Blue Lagoon’ for a soak in the volcanic, mineral-rich heated waters. This is yachting at its most inventive. DISCOVER ICELAND CRUISE AUGUST 23-30, 2022 YOUR ITINERARY Tuesday, August 23, 2022 Reykjavik, Iceland Wednesday, August 24, 2022 Scenic Cruise Surtsey Island / Heimaey Island Thursday, August 25, 2022 Seydisfjordur Friday, August 26, 2022 Seydisfjordur Saturday, August 27, 2022 Akureyri Sunday, August 28, 2022 Isafjordur Monday, August 29, 2022 Grundarfjordur Tuesday, August 30, 2022 Reykjavik, Iceland DISCOVER ICELAND CRUISE AUGUST 23-30, 2022 INCLUDED • Accommodations for 8 days/7 nights on the recently refurbished, elegant -
ICELAND 2006 Geodynamics Field Trip May 30 – June 8, 2006
ICELAND 2006 Geodynamics Field Trip May 30 – June 8, 2006 Massachusetts Institute of Technology/ Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program in Oceanography This field trip guide was compiled by Karen L. Bice using information from Bryndís Brandsdóttir, Richard S. Williams, Helgi Torfason, Helgi Bjornsson, Oddur Sigurðsson, the Iceland Tourist Board and World W. Web Maps from Thordarson and Hoskuldsson, 2002, Iceland (Classic Geology in Europe 3), Terra Publishing, UK. Logistical genius: Andrew T. Daly Field trip participants: Mark Behn, Karen Bice, Roger Buck, Andrew Daly, Henry Dick, Hans Schouten, Martha Buckley, James Elsenbeck, Pilar Estrada, Fern Gibbons, Trish Gregg, Sharon Hoffmann, Matt Jackson, Michael Krawczynski, Christopher Linder, Johan Lissenberg, Andrea Llenos, Rowena Lohman, Luc Mehl, Christian Miller, Ran Qin, Emily Roland, Casey Saenger, Rachel Stanley, Peter Sugimura, and Christopher Waters The Geodynamics Program is co-sponsored by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution’s Academic Programs Office and Deep Ocean Exploration Institute. TUESDAY May 30 Estimated driving (km) Meet at Logan Airport, Icelandair ticket counter @ 7:00 PM (80 km ≈ 50 mi) Depart BOS 9:30 PM Icelandair flight Day 1 - WEDNESDAY May 31 Arrive Keflavík International Airport 6:30 AM (flight duration 5 hours) Pick up 2 vans, 2 trailers (Budget) Free day in Reykjavík Night @ Laugardalur campground, Reykjavík Dinner: on own in town Day 2 - THURSDAY June 1 270 Late start due to trailer problems (2 hrs @ AVIS) To Þingvellir N.P., then north to Hvalfjörður fjord, stop at Skorradalsvatn Night @ Sæberg Hostel (1 km. off Rte 1 in Hrútafjörður, west side of road) Tel. 354-4510015 Fax. 354-4510034 [email protected] Dinner: mexican-style chicken (Rachel, Trish, Chris) Day 3 - FRIDAY June 2 320 To Lake Myvatn Lunch stop in Akureyri, stop at Godafoss, stop at Skutustadir pseudocraters Night @ Ferdathjonustan Bjarg campsite, Reykjahlid, on shore of Lake Myvatn Tel. -
A CIRCUMNAVIGATION of ICELAND 2022 Route: Reykjavik, Iceland to Reykjavik, Iceland
A CIRCUMNAVIGATION OF ICELAND 2022 route: Reykjavik, Iceland to Reykjavik, Iceland 11 Days NG Explorer - 148 Guests National Geographic Resolution - 126 Guests Expeditions in: Jul/Aug From $11,920 to $29,610 * Iceland’s geology in all its manifestations––glaciers, geysers, thundering waterfalls, immense cliffs, geothermal springs, boiling mud pots, and rock and lava-scapes of unearthly beauty––is world-class. It alone makes a circumnavigation a very compelling idea. And when you add in the other itinerary components––Iceland’s people, their unique cultural heritage and contemporary character, the island’s geography and birdlife––seeing it all in one 360º expedition is irresistible. Call us at 1.800.397.3348 or call your Travel Agent. In Australia, call 1300.361.012 • www.expeditions.com DAY 1: Reykjavik / Embark padding Arrive in Reykjavík, the world’s northernmost capital, which lies only a fraction below the Arctic Circle and receives just four hours of sunlight in 2022 Departure Dates: winter and 22 in summer. Have a panoramic overview of the Old Town, including 21 Jun Hallgrímskirkja Cathedral with its 210-foot tower, 13 Jul, 22 Jul and perhaps shed some light on Nordic culture at 2023 Departure Dates: the National Museum, with its Viking treasures, artifacts, and unusual whalebone carvings on 3 Jul, 12 Jul, 21 Jul display. Embark National Geographic Resolution. (L,D) Important Flight Information Please confirm arrival and departure dates prior to booking flights. DAY 2: Flatey Island padding Explore Iceland’s western frontier, visiting Flatey Advance Payment: Island, a trading post for many centuries, for walks around the charming little hamlet that grew here, $1,500 and take a Zodiac cruise along the coast. -
The Eruption on Heimaey, Vestmannaeyjar, Iceland
Man Against Volcano: The Eruption on Heimaey, Vestmannaeyjar, Iceland This booklet was originally published in 1976 under the title "Man Against Volcano: The Eruption on Heimaey, Vestmann Islands, Iceland." The revised second edition was published in 1983. This PDF file is a recreation of the 1983 booklet. Cover photograph: View looking southeast along streets covered by tephra (volcanic ash) in Vestmannaeyjar: Eldfell volcano (in background) is erupting and fountaining lava. View of Heimaey before the eruption: Town of Vestmannaeyjar with Helgafell in the right back- ground (photo courtesy of Sólarfilma). Man Against Volcano: The Eruption on Heimaey, Vestmannaeyjar, Iceland by Richard S. Williams, Jr., and James G. Moore Preface The U.S. Geological Survey carries out scientific studies in the geological, hydrological, and cartographic sciences generally within the 50 States and its territories or trusteeships, but also in cooperation with scientific organizations in many foreign countries for the investigation of unusual earth sciences phenome- na throughout the world. In 1983, the U.S. Geological Survey had 57 active sci- entific exchange agreements with 24 foreign countries, and 47 scientific exchange agreements were pending with 30 foreign countries. The following material discusses the impact of the 1973 volcanic eruption of Eldfell on the fishing port of Vestmannaeyjar on the island of Heimaey, Vestmannaeyjar, Iceland. Before the eruption was over, approximately one-third of the town of Vestmannaeyjar had been obliterated, but, more importantly, the potential damage probably was reduced by the spraying of seawater onto the advancing lava flows, causing them to be slowed, stopped, or diverted from the undamaged portion of the town.