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01:00:09.09 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN Giant Screen Films Presents a Production of David Clark Inc. Giant Screen Films Maryland Science Center Stardust Blue LLC.

01:00:17.24 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN In Association with American Museum of Natural History and Hugo Productions With Generous Support from The National Science Foundation Narrated by Michael Douglas 01:00:56.07 Host VO 80 million years ago, two dinosaurs, a crested and a sharp-clawed Velociraptor, fought to the death.

01:01:11.27 Host VO Somehow, as they died in the sands of the Gobi Desert, their battle was frozen in time. The Velociraptor flat on its back, its clawed arm caught in the jaws of the Protoceratops, an extraordinary , a mysterious glimpse of life and death in the Age of Dinosaurs.

01:01:42.03 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN Dinosaurs Alive

01:02:03.25 Host VO For more than 150 million years, dinosaurs roamed every corner of the planet. Only a very few left evidence of their existence, their fossilized bones.

01:02:18.21 Host VO And those bones never cease to fascinate us.

01:02:34.11 Host VO Dinosaurs came in amazing shapes and sizes. Some were the largest animals ever to walk the earth.

01:02:52.08 Host VO Paleontologists, the scientists who study prehistoric life, are discovering more dinosaurs now than ever before. And this fossil evidence is allowing them to reconstruct not only their strange skeletons but also their lives.

01:03:11.29 Host VO An example is this gigantic long-necked, plant- eater known as Seismosaurus. Found in New Mexico, it lived during the Jurassic Period, 150 DINOSAURS ALIVE SEAMLESS PAGE 2 OF 17

million years ago, when many dinosaurs grew to unprecedented size. Seismosaurus means “earth- shaking lizard,” and there is no doubt that its footsteps echoed across the Jurassic landscape. Measuring 110 feet from nose to tail, it is one of the longest dinosaurs ever discovered. Strangely, when it was excavated, some 240 smooth, round stones were found in and around its huge stomach cavity.

01:04:04.26 Host VO Some scientists believe Seismosaurus swallowed stones to help its digestion. Others say that finding the stones was a coincidence, that they were part of the riverbed where Seismosaurus was found.

01:04:25.25 Host VO Seismosaurus weighed over 30 tons, as much as eight elephants...

01:04:33.29 Host VO ...and must have consumed hundreds of pounds of vegetation every day.

01:04:42.07 Host VO Sometimes scientists can even learn what dinosaurs ate...

01:04:48.22 Host VO ...from clues they left behind in their fossilized dung.

01:04:58.06 Host VO Dinosaurs were first discovered in Europe and America, but in the 20th century scientific explorers struck out for the most remote corners of the earth...

01:05:09.27 Host VO ...and the full extent of the kingdom began to be revealed.

01:05:16.23 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN Map Map of Asia focusing in on and Gobi Desert

01:05:20.07 Host VO The Gobi Desert spans a half-million square miles of Mongolia and China, the ancient land of Genghis Khan.

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01:05:36.27 Host VO Beneath sands that camel caravans traversed for centuries, lay a vast treasure trove of , undisturbed for more than 70 million years that would forever change our view of dinosaur life.

01:06:01.12 Host VO In the 1920s, a team of scientists from the American Museum of Natural History set out to explore the little-known Gobi. Their leader was .

01:06:21.04 Host VO Andrews and his team traveled in a fleet of automobiles. It was one of the first major expeditions to use motorized transport in Central Asia. To keep his expedition supplied when the nearest gas station was a thousand miles away, he came up with a novel plan, sending out camel caravans in advance, loaded with food and fuel. And the camels provided an unexpected service to the expedition. Hair, plucked from their shedding winter coats, was ideal for packing fragile fossils. Mongolia was a dangerous place full of roving bandits, but Andrews, thought to be the inspiration for Indiana Jones, reveled in the adventure of it all.

01:07:12.13 Roy Chapman Andrews VO Never again will I have such a feeling as Mongolia gave me. All this thrilled me to the core. Somewhere in the depths of that vast, silent desert lay those records of the past that I had come to seek.

01:07:30.29 Host VO Andrews fended off the bandits, but he and his team could not avoid the violent sandstorms that often sweep across the Gobi.

01:07:51.20 Host VO To their amazement, they found that each new storm uncovered a wealth of bones, dinosaur bones, never before seen, and perfectly preserved in the desert sands.

01:08:08.09 Host VO and Mike Novacek of the American Museum of Natural History, following in Andrews’ footsteps, have been leading expeditions to the Gobi every year since 1990. DINOSAURS ALIVE SEAMLESS PAGE 4 OF 17

01:08:50.10 Mike Novacek VO That area looks pretty good. I think we should go down over...

01:08:52.18 Host VO Fascinated by dinosaurs in their youth, Mike and Mark have become renowned paleontologists.

01:08:57.29 Mark Norell VO/OC The light is good. If we have a few more hours, it...

01:09:02.02 Mike Novacek OC Yeah.

01:09:02.13 Mark Norell OC/VO ...we will not have trouble finding things here.

01:09:12.18 Host VO They have dug dinosaurs all over the world, but they have made their most spectacular finds here in the Gobi Desert.

01:09:27.25 Host VO Doctor Julia Clarke has arrived in Mongolia’s capital, Ulaanbaatar, with graduate students Alan Turner and Amy Balanoff to prepare for this year’s expedition.

01:09:37.22 Alan Turner OC Yeah, that is...

01:09:39.07 Female Voice #1 VO I remember walking over the temple, right?

01:09:41.19 Host VO They are part of a team that will join Mike and Mark in the desert.

01:09:45.27 Julia Clarke VO This will be my sixth summer in the Gobi. Mongolia has proven so rich in fossils, I know that each year there will be great new finds to be made.

01:10:13.01 Host VO There are few paved roads outside of Ulaanbaatar. The team’s destination in the western Gobi is a minimum of three days’ driving, a “Mad Max” journey over hot, dusty plains and through mountain passes.

01:10:50.23 Host VO In 1921, after months of overland travel, Roy Chapman Andrews’ motor-caravan came across a strange and beautiful place of eroded canyons and DINOSAURS ALIVE SEAMLESS PAGE 5 OF 17

sandstone towers. The late-afternoon sun seemed to set the rocks on fire. Andrews named it the . Here they would come upon one of the greatest repositories of dinosaur remains ever found. More than 80 years later, the Flaming Cliffs are still a fabled and productive destination for dinosaur hunters.

01:11:34.19 Host VO To find dinosaurs, paleontologists must first look in the right places. They know that fossils are preserved in certain rock deposits. The only tool they need at first is keen eyesight. Tiny white bone fragments on the surface hint at what could be an entire dinosaur buried below.

01:11:56.00 Mike Novacek OC There is a lot of bone in here.

01:11:58.14 Mark Norell OC Always a good place. Hey, come check this out.

01:12:01.18 Mike Novacek OC Oh, what?

01:12:02.02 Mark Norell OC An egg.

01:12:03.06 Host VO With decades of experience, Mike and Mark can readily spot fossils and identify them.

01:12:08.22 Mark Norell OC Oh, that is a nice one. That is a nice one.

01:12:11.22 Host VO For grad students Alan and Amy, time in the field is the best way to develop their own skills.

01:12:18.06 Alan Turner VO/OC This is my first time going to the Gobi with Mark and everyone. I am really excited and happy to be part of a tradition that goes back to Roy Chapman Andrews. I do not know where to...

01:12:28.18 Host VO The Gobi expeditions are a collaboration with the Mongolian Academy of Sciences. This year, Mongolian grad student Boldra Minjin, joins the team.

01:12:36.28 Boldra Minjin VO My father is a paleontologist and when he first showed me a giant skeleton found in Mongolia, I DINOSAURS ALIVE SEAMLESS PAGE 6 OF 17

could not believe such animals really lived. I have loved finding fossils ever since.

01:12:52.01 Davka OC Julia! .

01:12:59.15 Alan Turner VO What you got going over here?

01:13:02.00 Julia Clarke OC What did you find?

01:13:03.28 Host VO Today, after only a few hours of searching, the team uncovers a fossilized skull. Julia is quick to recognize it as that of a large, armored dinosaur.

01:13:14.13 Male Voice #1 VO It is coming out real well here.

01:13:15.16 Julia Clarke VO It is called Pinacosaurus. It was sort of the heavy tank of its day.

01:13:23.19 Julia Clarke VO With experience, we can visualize what fossils like this would have looked like in life.

01:13:32.00 Julia Clarke VO Pinacosaurus and its relatives like this Tarchia were built for defense. Their backs bristled with rows of hard, bony plates and spikes. Even their eyelids were armored. And their tails ended in a massive bony club.

01:13:49.04 Boldra Minjin OC These one is from Boginsa.

01:13:51.08 Host VO One of Tarchia’s few enemies was the ferocious Tarbosaurus, whose bones have also been found in the Gobi.

01:14:00.28 Mark Norell OC Yeah, actually it is the proximate lens. It is very nice. You can see how it is still hollow here, just like a bird bone is.

01:14:08.13 Host VO Tarbosaurus was a close relative of Tyrannosaurus Rex and it was a top predator. It was 30 feet long and weighed five tons. It had a super-sized bite with razor-sharp teeth nearly six inches long.

01:14:27.12 Host VO Scientists have debated for many years how fast or DINOSAURS ALIVE SEAMLESS PAGE 7 OF 17

slow these big predators were.

01:14:35.05 Host VO This scale model of a T. Rex skeleton reveals how a massive two-legged, or bipedal dinosaur might have moved. As they walked, they shifted their entire weight from leg to leg, as humans do.

01:14:51.09 Host VO Their large tails helped to balance them.

01:14:56.17 Host VO Their legs were directly beneath their hips, allowing them to carry more weight and move faster. Dinosaurs like T. Rex could have reached speeds up to 25 miles per hour, faster than an average human could run.

01:15:16.28 Host VO Tarbosaurus was at the top of the food chain in the area of Asia that is now the Gobi Desert.

01:15:36.29 Host VO But Tarchia was no wimp and could use its tail club to cripple or kill an attacker.

01:16:28.28 Host VO In the 1920s, the Andrews’ expeditions found a number of new dinosaurs. Their most important discovery was not a ferocious predator. It was something rather small but one of the great dinosaur finds of all time.

01:16:49.00 Host VO They found the first dinosaur eggs, lying in large round nests in the ground.

01:16:57.14 Host VO This amazing find confirmed that dinosaurs actually laid eggs. Andrews and his team believed the eggs belonged to Protoceratops because they found so many of these dinosaurs in the Gobi. About the size of sheep, Protoceratops had a distinctive head shield and a hook-like beak. On top of one nest, they made a puzzling discovery, the skeleton of a bird-like, meat-eating dinosaur, definitely not a Protoceratops.

01:17:28.28 Host VO They concluded that it was a predator that had been raiding the nest. It was named , meaning "egg thief." It took 70 years to prove DINOSAURS ALIVE SEAMLESS PAGE 8 OF 17

they were wrong. In 1993, Mark Norell made an extraordinary find in the Gobi, a fossilized dinosaur embryo.

01:17:53.14 Mark Norell VO We discovered that it was the embryo of a very close relative of Oviraptor.

01:18:00.09 Mark Norell VO In other words, the dinosaur was not actually stealing the eggs, it was a good parent that was brooding them.

01:18:08.08 Host VO The discovery of preserved on their nests sheds new light on these dinosaurs. They sat on their nests just like modern birds.

01:18:28.11 Host VO Many of the Gobi dinosaurs are in a remarkable state of preservation, undisturbed by scavengers or damaged by erosion. Not only Oviraptors, but many others, like the fighting dinosaurs.

01:18:50.02 Host VO And even a nest-full of barely hatched baby Protoceratops. How did they die so suddenly and remain so intact? Until recently it was thought that sandstorms buried these creatures. New evidence suggests a much more spectacular scenario. During this expedition, heavier than normal rainfall flooded parts of the Gobi. According to a new theory, water and sand dunes played a dramatic part in preserving dinosaur remains.

01:19:23.09 Host VO Scientists now believe that every few centuries, rainstorms of immense power swept down on this arid world with catastrophic effect.

01:19:43.21 Host VO The inhabitants could not have known what was coming. A pair of speedy, aggressive Velociraptors were on the hunt and approached a large group of nesting Oviraptors, but on this day, unaware that they are chasing their last meal.

01:20:45.19 Host VO Bones become fossilized when they are quickly buried, protecting them from weather and DINOSAURS ALIVE SEAMLESS PAGE 9 OF 17

predators. Over time, living tissues decay and bone is replaced by minerals seeping in from the surrounding sediment. But bones are not the only clues to the understanding of dinosaur life. New evidence is revolutionizing our view of dinosaurs like Velociraptor.

01:21:07:27 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN Velociraptor Cretaceous Period 65-144 million years ago

01:21:09.10 Host VO Long thought to be leathery-skinned or scaly, Velociraptor was in fact covered with feathers. And though it could not fly, it had the same s- shaped neck, four-toed feet, and many other features that birds have today.

01:21:29.16 Host VO Julia Clarke is using the very latest evidence to study one of ’s most enduring mysteries, the , and how feathers developed to give them the power of flight.

01:21:42.06 Julia Clarke VO Understanding the evolution of flight is to me one of the most interesting questions in dinosaur . Dozens of new dinosaur species are being discovered in the north of China. They are preserved in extremely fine volcanic ash and, for the first time, we can see distinct impressions of feathers associated with their delicate bones, confirming to us that non-flying dinosaurs were the first feathered creatures on earth.

01:22:15.10 Host VO But at least one group of dinosaurs, like this Confuciusornis, recently found in China, did develop the body structure and the kind of feathers that allowed them to take to the sky.

01:22:38.28 Host VO 65 million years ago dinosaurs disappeared from earth. Or so it was long thought. Today we know that the dinosaurs are not all gone. One line of dinosaurs survives, and we call them birds.

01:23:12.26 Host VO Mongolia is a great place to find some of the last DINOSAURS ALIVE SEAMLESS PAGE 10 OF 17

non-flying dinosaurs that lived on earth.

01:23:18.00 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN Map Map of North America focusing on New Mexico

01:23:19.20 Host VO But to go further back in time and find the earliest dinosaurs, scientists come to places like the high desert badlands of New Mexico.

01:23:31.28 Host VO The land has a rich and turbulent human history of Pueblo people, Spanish conquistadors, cowboys, and cattle rustlers. But it has an even richer history of life stretching back over 200 million years. It is one of the few places in the world where rock layers span the Age of Dinosaurs. The deeper the layer, the older...

01:23:58.02 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN Cretaceous Period 144-65 million years ago

01:23:58.02 Host VO ...the rock. At the top, rock from the Cretaceous.

01:24:11.01 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN Jurassic Period 200-144 million years ago

01:24:11.01 Host VO Below that, further back in time, the gold and white cliffs of the Jurassic.

01:24:19.18 Host VO And near the bottom, the...

01:24:21.03 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN Triassic Period 248-200 million years ago

01:24:21.03 Host VO ...oldest, red Triassic badlands, when dinosaurs first appeared.

01:24:47.15 Alan Turner OC Yeah, we could do it.

01:24:48.15 Sterling Nesbitt OC Yeah, we could.

01:24:51.22 Host VO Alan Turner is having a busy summer. In addition to trekking across the Gobi, he is working with his DINOSAURS ALIVE SEAMLESS PAGE 11 OF 17

fellow grad student Sterling Nesbitt on a new excavation at a place called Ghost Ranch.

01:25:03.03 Sterling Nesbitt VO/OC Yeah, just up in these badlands.

01:25:04.00 Alan Turner OC/VO Yeah, definitely. This looks like it is going to be real nice.

01:25:06.13 Host VO Sterling grew up in the Southwest, reading about dinosaurs and the amazing discoveries that had been made at Ghost Ranch.

01:25:15.05 Sterling Nesbitt VO/OC I have spent every summer since I was 15 digging for dinosaurs. I have always wanted to be a paleontologist so the chance to excavate at Ghost Ranch is a dream come true.

01:25:32.15 Host VO Ghost Ranch was explored in the 1940s by paleontologists from the American Museum.

01:25:42.29 Host VO They discovered rich fossil beds 220 million years old with hundreds of bones of a small, early dinosaur now considered a kind of blueprint for the carnivorous dinosaurs yet to come.

01:25:59.29 Host VO Named Coelophysis, it grew to nine feet…

01:26:03:04 GRAPHICS ON SCREEN Temp Background Coelophysis Triassic Period 206-248 million years ago

01:26:03:20 Host VO …long and weighed 100 pounds. It is size and leg bones indicate an ability to run fast. On each hand it had three-clawed fingers for catching and holding prey. Its large eye sockets suggest very acute vision. It all adds up to a small but effective predator.

01:26:26.19 Host VO Pursuing his graduate research, Sterling became intrigued by the dozens of unexamined fossils at the museum, collected from Ghost Ranch in the 1940s. He knew that not all dinosaur discoveries are made in the field. Each expedition collects DINOSAURS ALIVE SEAMLESS PAGE 12 OF 17

fossils and brings them back for later examination. But some remain in museum catacombs for decades, unopened.

01:26:54.16 Sterling Nesbitt VO It is amazing. When you walk through these catacombs, filled with tens of thousands of dinosaur bones, some still wrapped in plaster, and you realize that they were dug up by really famous paleontologists, to get the chance to see what they saw, for the first time in 70 or 80 years is pretty incredible.

01:27:18.16 Sterling Nesbitt VO It took me a few months to prepare and remove the bones from that old plaster cast, but by comparing it to Coelophysis correctly, I very quickly realized that this was not a dinosaur at all. It was actually an animal new to science.

01:27:38.11 Sterling Nesbitt OC/VO Hey guys. Preparations are finally done on this.

01:27:42.00 Host VO It is not often that a grad student discovers a new species. And when his find captures the attention of leading paleontologists like Mike and Mark, it is a memorable day.

01:27:53.24 Mike Novacek VO Yeah wow, look at this ankle too. It is really nicely preserved.

01:27:57.12 Mark Novell VO Yeah, it is a totally new animal for Ghost Ranch.

01:28:02.08 Host VO Sterling named this new creature , the Latin word for ghost, in honor of Ghost Ranch. It was up to nine feet long and weighed about 200 pounds. It really looks like a dinosaur, but one bone tells a different story. The ankle is that of an ancient relative of crocodiles, telling us that Effigia was a member of the crocodile group. But strangely Effigia walked upright on two legs.

01:28:40.17 Sterling Nesbitt VO/OC After the discovery of Effigia, I knew I had to go to New Mexico. It looks like you have got a nice Coelophysis skull here. My first stop was to see Alex Downs, curator of paleontology at Ghost DINOSAURS ALIVE SEAMLESS PAGE 13 OF 17

Ranch, who has been working for years on Coelophysis.

01:28:57.11 Alex Downs OC/VO ...skull here. Their eyes were here and...

01:28:58.08 Sterling Nesbitt VO This is one of the few places in the world where fossilized bones of early dinosaurs and their closest relatives are found together.

01:29:05.09 Alex VO There is a somewhat larger one here. This is the tip of the snout. And we can see the teeth here. And we have a beautiful skull. It is just missing one tooth.

01:29:15.22 Sterling Nesbitt VO That is great.

01:29:32.09 Host VO For grad students like Sterling and Alan who work in classrooms and labs most of the year, the opportunity to spend a few weeks at a hot, dusty hunt for dinosaurs is what they live for.

01:29:46.09 Male Voice #2 VO There was one yesterday.

01:29:50.02 Host VO The new dig at Ghost Ranch is a joint project of the University of California, Berkeley and the American Museum.

01:30:01.14 Host VO Once the overlying tons of rock are removed, the grad students soon realize they have come upon a huge fossil site.

01:30:08.14 Alan Turner OC I am going to try to trench around this block. I think there is going to be some more therapod material in it.

01:30:11.14 Nate OC Oh, cool.

01:30:12.00 Alan Turner OC Yeah, how about you?

01:30:13.17 Nate OC There is a humerus of what looks like a spinosaurid, one of those dinosaur relatives, over here.

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01:30:18.06 Host VO For paleontologists, great work is often accomplished while lying down on the job.

01:30:25.01 Nate OC It is right in that layer between the clay and conglomerate.

01:30:26.29 Alan Turner OC Oh, it is going to be great.

01:30:28.14 Randy OC You guys got anything over there Ster?

01:30:30.06 Sterling Nesbitt OC/VO Yeah, there is a really nice calcanium right in place in the conglomerate. We hope to piece together a picture of which creatures lived in the Late Triassic. No, looks like it is just isolated.

01:30:40.05 Alan Turner VO Is it that lower conglomerate?

01:30:41.11 Sterling Nesbitt VO Yeah, exactly. What their surroundings were like, and where they fit into the family tree of reptiles.

01:30:54.26 Host VO When dinosaurs first appeared, this part of North America was a very different environment.

01:31:04.15 Sterling Nesbitt VO Tall evergreen-like trees grew along the banks of streams and rivers cutting through a vast floodplain. It had a tropical climate. All in all, it seemed to have been a rich habitat for life. The question is, how did early dinosaurs interact with other animals?

01:31:22.05 Host VO Reptiles appeared on earth before dinosaurs. Dinosaurs are reptiles too, but over 200 million years ago they branched off from the evolutionary line leading towards crocodiles.

01:31:35.17 Host VO Effigia was an early crocodile relative. Coelophysis was one of the first dinosaurs. Undoubtedly, they came across one another in the canyons and forests of the Triassic Southwest.

01:32:40.21 Host VO The prospect of a new dinosaur discovery has brought Mike, Julia, and Mark to Ghost Ranch to see for themselves. DINOSAURS ALIVE SEAMLESS PAGE 15 OF 17

01:32:48.20 Sterling Nesbitt VO/OC Yeah, here is the lower leg bone. Here is the other one. This is the fibula, tibia, and the other tibia, and part of the pelvis is coming out here.

01:32:58.01 Mark Norell VO/OC Right, the skeleton is sort of smeared across this direction.

01:33:00.29 Sterling Nesbitt OC ...and part of the femur. This area is a little bit less...

01:33:03.12 Host VO The number of fossils here is staggering. Layers and layers of animals are piled up in this mass burial place, which seems to have been a sharp bend in an ancient riverbed. What happened here?

01:33:20.18 Host VO The high desert landscape is dramatic, and so are the torrential rainsqualls that can turn dry canyons into raging rivers of death, as they must have done back in the age of dinosaurs.

01:33:36.26 Host VO In Arizona’s Petrified Forest National Park, 200 million-year-old fossilized trees are reappearing as the ground erodes around them, evidence of the ancient floods that violently uprooted and buried them.

01:33:52.07 Male in White Shirt OC ...this tree is called Araucarioxylon.

01:33:54.09 Host VO Though now extinct, these giant trees of the Triassic were similar to the Pacific redwoods of today.

01:34:04.11 Host VO But it was not just trees that were swept up in ancient floods.

01:34:15.13 Host VO Early dinosaurs like Coelophysis were always on the defensive. They lived in a world still dominated by larger reptiles, like this 1500-pound Postosuchus.

01:35:03.00 Host VO Flash floods washed the drowned bodies of reptiles and dinosaurs into concentrated deposits. DINOSAURS ALIVE SEAMLESS PAGE 16 OF 17

Perhaps this is why Sterling and team are finding so many in one area.

01:35:17.04 Host VO When they locate a skeleton they carefully excavate around it, then cover it up with a jacket made of plaster and toilet paper, which always comes in handy out in the field. This protects the fossils so that they can be transported to the lab where the bones will be delicately separated from the rock.

01:35:39.18 Alan Turner VO/OC This summer’s dig at Ghost Ranch has been productive beyond our greatest expectations. We have found something really exciting and we think it maybe a new dinosaur.

01:35:55.03 Sterling Nesbitt VO/OC It is thrilling to find a dinosaur we have never known before that has not seen the light of day for over 200 million years. It will take many months to determine what it looked like and how important it is, but it will surely change our views of how dinosaurs rose to dominance. Oh, excellent. The preservation looks really nice. It is preparing it very nicely in this area.

01:36:16.13 Sterling Nesbitt VO It looks like more of the skeleton...

01:36:17.22 Host VO There are things the fossil record cannot preserve, that we may never know, such as the color of dinosaurs, or precisely what sounds they made.

01:36:31.15 Host VO But year by year, we learn more about them. Some dinosaurs traveled in herds and hunted in packs. We know that they made nests, protected their eggs, probably cared for their young. From some fossils we have learned who were the hunters and who were the hunted. That feathers first appeared on non-flying dinosaurs before birds evolved. And that some dinosaurs live on, as modern birds.

01:37:12.05 Host VO Those who love to contemplate the secrets of the history of life must come to places like Ghost DINOSAURS ALIVE SEAMLESS PAGE 17 OF 17

Ranch and the Flaming Cliffs. It is hard to imagine our own human sense of who we are and where we come from without the records buried beneath our feet. For young paleontologists like Sterling and Alan, the adventure is just beginning.

01:37:40.07 Host VO Three quarters of a century ago, Roy Chapman Andrews discovered a whole new world of dinosaurs beneath the Flaming Cliffs. Camping in this magical place, he wrote in his diary of a sense of having traveled back in time. It is a feeling shared by paleontologists then and now.

01:38:03.13 Roy Chapman Andrews VO In the evening shadows, the rocks took on fantastic shapes. We seemed to be living in the world of a long-gone yesterday. At any moment, I imagined that dinosaurs might wander to the doorways of our tents.

01:38:23.28 Host VO We have discovered less than two percent of all the dinosaur species that once lived. Imagine all those dinosaurs out there yet to be found.

01:38:41.26