The Contribution of the Paull Family to the Development of Michigan’s Upper Peninsula Peter J Williams Graduate Diploma in Local and Applied History, University of New England (NSW) P O Box 123, Morpeth NSW 2321, Australia [email protected] Cornwall Family History Society Member No 4931. (c) 2018 - 2 - Contents Introduction....................................................................................................................6 Michigan’s Upper Peninsula..........................................................................................8 The 1840s.....................................................................................................................11 The 1850 US Census....................................................................................................20 The 1850s.....................................................................................................................23 The 1860 US Census....................................................................................................27 The Early 1860s ...........................................................................................................30 The Civil War ..............................................................................................................32 Schoolmaster Hobart’s Diary.......................................................................................35 The Late 1860s.............................................................................................................41 The 1870 US Census....................................................................................................46 The 1870s.....................................................................................................................50 The 1880 US Census....................................................................................................60 The Early 1880s ...........................................................................................................70 The 1883 History of the Upper Peninsula....................................................................71 The 1883 Death of Captain Joseph PAULL ................................................................74 The 1885 Death of Thomas PAULL............................................................................76 Later Events .................................................................................................................77 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................78 Some Websites.............................................................................................................79 List of Figures Figure 1 A 2015 Map of the Counties of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan.................8 Figure 2 Map of the Keweenaw Peninsula, Michigan.................................................11 Figure 3 Map of mines near Eagle River.....................................................................14 Figure 4 Plan of Cliff Mine, 1847................................................................................15 Figure 5 A blueprint from 1858 of the Pittsburgh & Boston Mining Company’s properties, including North Cliff Mine, and American Mining Company, in what was then Houghton County..................................................................................16 Figure 6 Cliff Mine, 1848 ............................................................................................17 Figure 7 Cliff Mine in 1849.........................................................................................18 Figure 8 The PAULL and BROCKWAY families on the 1850 Census of Eagle Harbor ..................................................................................................................21 Figure 9 The PAULL family on the 1850 Census of Brady’s Bend............................22 Figure 10 Cliff Mine ca 1857.......................................................................................24 Figure 11 Plan of part of Keweenaw County, showing Township 58N, Range 31W, and Sections 20-29...............................................................................................26 Figure 12 The Joseph PAULL family on the 1860 census ..........................................28 Figure 13 The Thomas PAULL and Joseph STEPHENS families on the 1860 census ..............................................................................................................................29 Figure 14 Google Map showing the extent of Houghton Township on the Keweenaw Peninsula..............................................................................................................29 Figure 15 Photograph of Eagle River, 1861 ................................................................30 Figure 16 The headstone for Margaret PAULL, Evergreen Cemetery, Eagle River, Keweenaw............................................................................................................34 Figure 17 Map of Keweenaw Peninsula, 1862 ............................................................35 Figure 18 Henry HOBART, about 1864......................................................................36 - 3 - Figure 19 Headstone of Mary Hannah PAULL in Evergreen Cemetery, Eagle River, Keweenaw............................................................................................................43 Figure 20 Cliff Mine refined copper output chart........................................................44 Figure 21 The Thomas PAULL family on the 1870 census (page 16)........................48 Figure 22 The Thomas PAULL family on the 1870 census (page 17)........................48 Figure 23 The Joseph PAULL family on the 1870 census ..........................................49 Figure 24 The GOTTSTEIN family on the 1870 census.............................................49 Figure 25 The family of the late David PAULL on the 1870 census ..........................50 Figure 26 The Josiah PAULL family on the 1870 census...........................................50 Figure 27 The Thomas PAULL farm on the 1870 agricultural census........................50 Figure 28 Headstone of Catherine PAULL in Evergreen Cemetery, Eagle River, Keweenaw............................................................................................................54 Figure 29 An illustration of Ishpeming, ca 1871, showing opencast iron mines nearby ..............................................................................................................................55 Figure 30 Photograph of Thomas PAULL, taken about 1875.....................................57 Figure 31 Photograph of Houghton, taken from Ruppe's warehouse and dock at the foot of Tezucco Street, Hancock, 1878................................................................59 Figure 32 Captain Joseph PAULL on the 1880 census ...............................................66 Figure 33 The GOTTSTEIN family on the 1880 census.............................................66 Figure 34 The SMYTH family on the 1880 census.....................................................66 Figure 35 Joseph R PAULL (son of Capt Joseph) on the 1880 census .......................66 Figure 36 Thomas PAULL on the 1880 census...........................................................67 Figure 37 Mary E PAULL (dau of Thomas) on the 1880 census................................67 Figure 38 Thomas PAULL (son of Thomas) on the 1880 census ...............................67 Figure 39 Joseph PAULL (son of Thomas) on the 1880 census .................................67 Figure 40 Margaret PAULL (dau of Thomas) on the 1880 census .............................68 Figure 41 Sarah PAULL (dau of Thomas) on the 1880 census...................................68 Figure 42 The family of the late David PAULL on the 1880 census ..........................68 Figure 43 The BARKELL family on the 1880 census ................................................68 Figure 44 Charles PAULL (son of David) on the 1880 census ...................................68 Figure 45 The Josiah PAULL family on the 1880 census...........................................68 Figure 46 The SHELDEN family on the 1880 census.................................................69 Figure 47 The Mary Knuckey PAULL family on the 1880 census.............................69 Figure 48 Thomas PAULL (son of the late Jonathan) on the 1880 census .................69 Figure 49 The BLAMEY family on the 1880 census..................................................69 Figure 50 Thomas PAULL’s farm on the 1880 agricultural census............................70 Figure 51 The 1883 Death Record for Joseph PAULL ...............................................74 Figure 52 Headstone of Capt Joseph PAULL, 1883, Forest Hill Cemetery, Houghton ..............................................................................................................................75 Figure 53 The 1885 Death Record for Thomas PAULL .............................................76 Figure 54 The headstone for Thomas PAULL, 1885, Evergreen Cemetery, Eagle River, Keweenaw.................................................................................................77 List of Tables Table 1 Comparison of weather statistics for Michigan and Cornwall .......................10 Table 2 Principal migrations of the PAULL family ....................................................11 Table 3 Annual Output of the