City of Botany Bay

2011 Census results

Comparison year: 2006 Benchmark area: Greater Sydney

community profile

Compiled and presented in profile.id®. http://profile.id.com.au/botanybay Table of contents

Population highlights 2 Population, households and dwellings 3 About the areas 5 About the community profile 6 Service age groups 9 Five year age groups 12 Single year of age 14 Ancestry 17 Birthplace 20 Year of arrival in Australia 22 Proficiency in English 24 Language spoken at home 27 Religion 30 Individual income 32 Individual income quartiles 35 Household income 37 Household income quartiles 40 Equivalised household income 43 Qualifications 45 Highest level of schooling 47 Education institution attending 50 Need for assistance 53 What do we do? 55 Volunteer work 57 Unpaid domestic work 59 Unpaid care 61 Unpaid childcare 63 Employment status 66 Industry sectors of employment 69 Occupations of employment 72 Method of travel to work 75 How do we live? 77 Households summary 79 Households with children 82 Households without children 85 Household size 88 Number of bedrooms per dwelling 90 Housing tenure 93 Housing loan repayments 95 Housing loan quartiles 98 Housing rental payments 100 Housing rental quartiles 103 Internet connection 105 Number of cars per household 107 Dwelling type 110 SEIFA - disadvantage 114 Workers' place of residence 116 Residents place of work 118 Migration summary 120 Migration by location 122 Migration by age 123 Estimated Resident Population (ERP) 125 Residential building approvals 127 Indigenous and Torres Strait Islander profile 128 Key statistics 129 Service age groups 132 Highest educational attainment 135 Highest level of schooling 138 Education institution attending 141 Employment status 144 Occupations of employment 147 Household income 149 Household types 152 Population highlights 2011 City of Botany Bay Greater Sydney New South Wales Australia

38 Median age 37 37 36

Median weekly $1,447 household $1,245 income $1,237 $1,234

35% Couples with 33% children 32% 31%

8% 9% 9% Older couples without children 7%

Medium and high density 61% Housing 40% 31% 25%

Households 33% 32% 33% with a 29% mortgage

$351 Median weekly $330 rent $300 $285

Households 36% renting 30% 29% 29%

Non-English speaking 36% backgrounds 26% 19% 16%

University 5% 5% attendance 4% 4%

24% Bachelor or 20% 20% Higher degree 19%

18% 18% Vocational 15% 15%

Public transport 22% (to work) 20% 14% 10%

Page 3 of 198 6% 6% 6% Unemployment 5%

SEIFA index of 1011 996 1002 disadvantage 976 2011

Page 4 of 198 Population, households and dwellings The Census provides us with a count of the total population in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 as well as several sub-populations such as the Indigenous population, voter population and the overseas born. It also enables us to see how these have changed over each five year period back to 1991. It is important to note that there are different ways of counting populations. You can access two population counts on this page – the Usual Residence count and the Enumerated Count – by changing your Data Type selection in the control bar above the table. For post 2011 population go to Population Estimates and to read about which population to use when, go to Population Types.

Population

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Population (excluding O/S 39,355 100.0 100.0 35,991 100.0 100.0 +3,364 visitors)

Males 19,494 49.5 49.2 17,800 49.5 49.3 +1,694

Females 19,861 50.5 50.8 18,191 50.5 50.7 +1,670

Australian citizens 31,312 79.6 82.5 28,740 79.9 82.7 +2,572

Eligible Voters (citizens aged 24,126 61.3 62.4 22,210 61.7 62.3 +1,916 18+)

Overseas Visitors ------

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Dwellings

Total Dwellings 15,687 100.0 100.0 14,750 100.0 100.0 +937

Occupied private dwellings 14,885 94.9 92.9 13,843 93.9 92.4 +1,042

Population in non-private 1,116 -- -- 899 -- -- +217 dwellings

Average household size 2.61 -- 2.69 2.57 -- 2.65 +0.04 (persons per dwelling)

The 'Dwellings' table is enumerated data.

Culture and ethnicity

Aboriginal and Torres Strait 615 1.6 1.2 630 1.8 1.1 -15 Islander population

Australian born 20,234 51.4 59.9 18,170 50.5 60.4 +2,064

Speaks a language other 17,356 44.1 32.5 15,697 43.6 29.2 +1,659 than English at home

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 5 of 198 About the area Location and boundaries The City of Botany Bay is located in the inner south-eastern suburbs of Sydney, about 7 kilometres south of the Sydney GPO. The City of Botany Bay is bounded by the City of Sydney in the north, Randwick City in the east, Botany Bay in the south, and Rockdale City and the Marrickville Council area in the west. The City’s boundaries are Gardeners Road in the north, Bunnerong Road and Beauchamp Road in the east, Botany Bay in the south, and the Sydney International Airport and Alexandra Canal in the west. Name origin Botany Bay is named after the bay, which was named for the many exotic plants botanist Sir Joseph Banks collected there in 1770.

Important Population Land area Population density Statistics 39,355 2,706 14.54 2011 Usual residents hectares (27 Km2) persons per hectare

City of Botany Bay

Legend Suburbs City of Botany Bay Precincts

Page 6 of 198 Settlement history European settlement dates from the early 1800s, with land used mainly for farming. Market gardening was established in the 1830s, with the famous Botany market gardens becoming an important source of food supply for developing Sydney. Many industries were set up from the 1850s. Residential growth took place in the 1870s and 1880s. Residential and industrial expansion continued during the early 1900s, including the construction of the garden suburb of Daceyville from 1912. The Sydenham to Botany railway line was opened in 1925. In the early 1920s the suburb of Mascot was chosen as the site for Sydney Airport. Botany Bay was first used as a port in 1930, and was significantly expanded in the 1970s. Significant residential growth occurred in the post-war years, with the population increasing from 29,000 in 1961 to 38,000 in 1971. From the early 1970s to the early 1980s the population gradually declined, falling to under 35,000 by 1981. The population then stabilised at about 34,000 until the mid 1990s. The population increased slightly from 1996, rising to about 36,000 in 2006. The population then increased to nearly 40,000 in 2011, with most of this growth being redevelopment near the Mascot train station. Land use Land use The City of Botany Bay is a mixed use area, with residential, industrial and commercial land use. More than half the City is given over to industry and commercial activity. The City encompasses a total land area of 27 square kilometres, including significant foreshore areas. Transport The City of Botany Bay is served by General Holmes Drive, Southern Cross Drive, Sydney Domestic Airport and the Airport railway line. Major features Major features of the City include Sydney Domestic Airport, the northern part of Port Botany, Westfield Eastgardens Shopping Centre, Botany Aquatic Centre, George Hanna Memorial Museum, Bonnie Doon Golf Club, Botany Golf Club, Eastlake Golf Club, The Lakes Golf Club, Sir Joseph Banks Park, Sir Joseph Banks Pleasure Gardens, Gaiarine Gardens, Booralee Park, John Curtin Reserve, Mascot Memorial Park, Hensley Athletic Field, Botany Wetlands and Botany Bay. Indigenous background The original inhabitants of the Botany Bay area were the Kameygal Aboriginal people. Included areas The City of Botany Bay includes the suburbs of Banksmeadow, Botany, Daceyville, Eastgardens, Eastlakes, Hillsdale, Mascot (part), Matraville (part), Pagewood and Rosebery (part).

Page 7 of 198 About the community profile Demographic change across Australia is recorded by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) in the Census collections every five years. Population experts, .id, analyse and convert these raw figures into stories of place to inform council staff, community groups, investors, business, students and the general public. The City of Botany Bay Community Profile provides demographic analysis for the City and its suburbs based on results from the 2011, 2006, 2001, 1996 and 1991 Censuses of Population and Housing. The profile is updated with population estimates when the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) releases new figures such as the annual Estimated Resident Population (ERP). Suburb boundaries and Census questions change over time, but .id manages the data to ensure that there is an accurate time series provided for the current geographic boundaries. You can read more about this in the Geography Notes section. Results for the City of Botany Bay include population, age structure, ethnicity, ancestry, religion, income, qualifications, occupations, employment, unemployment, disability, disadvantage, volunteering, childcare, family structure, household structure, housing tenure, mortgage and rental payments, and the size and type of the dwellings people live in. The Community Profile presents this information in clear maps, tables and charts with concise factual commentary to answer three important questions: 1. What are the characteristics of the people who live here? 2. How are they changing? 3. How do they compare to other areas? This provides the basis for making evidence-based decisions about how to provide services for the community as it changes. You can be confident about the quality of the information as it is derived from Australian Bureau of Statistics data, analysed and presented by population experts and funded by the City of Botany Bay.

Page 8 of 198 Service age groups The Age Structure of the City of Botany Bay provides key insights into the level of demand for age based services and facilities such as child care. It is an indicator of the City of Botany Bay's residential role and function and how it is likely to change in the future. Service age groups divide the population into age categories that reflect typical life-stages. They indicate the level of demand for services that target people at different stages in life and how that demand is changing. To get a more complete picture the City of Botany Bay's Age Structure should be viewed in conjunction with Household Types and Dwelling Types.

Age structure - service age groups

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Service age group (years) Number % Sydney % Number % Sydney % 2006 to 2011 Babies and pre-schoolers (0 2,654 6.7 6.8 2,339 6.5 6.6 +315 to 4)

Primary schoolers (5 to 11) 3,238 8.2 8.7 2,990 8.3 9.1 +248

Secondary schoolers (12 to 2,504 6.4 7.4 2,498 6.9 7.9 +6 17)

Tertiary education & 3,566 9.1 9.5 3,365 9.4 9.9 +201 independence (18 to 24)

Young workforce (25 to 34) 6,322 16.1 15.4 5,520 15.3 15.3 +802

Parents and homebuilders 8,922 22.7 21.9 8,052 22.4 22.5 +870 (35 to 49)

Older workers & pre-retirees 4,559 11.6 12.2 4,272 11.9 12.2 +287 (50 to 59)

Empty nesters and retirees 3,638 9.2 9.0 3,306 9.2 7.8 +332 (60 to 69)

Seniors (70 to 84) 3,284 8.3 7.2 3,035 8.4 7.3 +249

Elderly aged (85 and over) 668 1.7 1.8 608 1.7 1.6 +60

Total population 39,355 100.0 100.0 35,985 100.0 100.0 +3,370

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 9 of 198 Age structure, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Change in age structure, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 10 of 198 Dominant groups Analysis of the service age groups of the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a lower proportion of people in the younger age groups (0 to 17 years) and a higher proportion of people in the older age groups (60+ years). Overall, 21.3% of the population was aged between 0 and 17, and 19.3% were aged 60 years and over, compared with 22.9% and 18.0% respectively for Greater Sydney. The major differences between the age structure of the City of Botany Bay and Greater Sydney were: A larger percentage of 'Seniors' (8.3% compared to 7.2%) A larger percentage of 'Parents and homebuilders' (22.7% compared to 21.9%) A smaller percentage of 'Secondary schoolers' (6.4% compared to 7.4%) Emerging groups From 2006 to 2011, City of Botany Bay's population increased by 3,370 people (9.4%). This represents an average annual population change of 1.81% per year over the period. The largest changes in age structure in this area between 2006 and 2011 were in the age groups: Parents and homebuilders (35 to 49) (+870 persons) Young workforce (25 to 34) (+802 persons) Empty nesters and retirees (60 to 69) (+332 persons) Babies and pre-schoolers (0 to 4) (+315 persons)

Page 11 of 198 Five year age groups The Age Structure of the City of Botany Bay provides key insights into the level of demand for age based services and facilities such as child care. It is also an indicator of the City of Botany Bay's residential role and function and how it is likely to change in the future. Five year age groups present a classic age profile of the population. Each age group covers exactly five years, which enables direct comparison between each group. To get a more complete picture the City of Botany Bay's Age Structure should be viewed in conjunction with Household Types and Dwelling Types.

Age structure - Five year age groups

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Five year age groups Greater Greater (years) Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 0 to 4 2,654 6.7 6.8 2,339 6.5 6.6 +315

5 to 9 2,380 6.0 6.3 2,165 6.0 6.5 +215

10 to 14 2,120 5.4 6.1 2,065 5.7 6.5 +55

15 to 19 2,249 5.7 6.3 2,112 5.9 6.6 +137

20 to 24 2,559 6.5 7.0 2,511 7.0 7.2 +48

25 to 29 3,158 8.0 7.8 2,621 7.3 7.4 +537

30 to 34 3,164 8.0 7.7 2,899 8.1 7.9 +265

35 to 39 3,215 8.2 7.6 2,868 8.0 7.7 +347

40 to 44 3,013 7.7 7.3 2,694 7.5 7.6 +319

45 to 49 2,694 6.8 7.0 2,490 6.9 7.2 +204

50 to 54 2,372 6.0 6.5 2,263 6.3 6.3 +109

55 to 59 2,187 5.6 5.7 2,009 5.6 5.8 +178

60 to 64 1,944 4.9 5.1 1,819 5.1 4.4 +125

65 to 69 1,694 4.3 3.8 1,487 4.1 3.4 +207

70 to 74 1,380 3.5 2.9 1,195 3.3 2.8 +185

75 to 79 1,047 2.7 2.3 1,112 3.1 2.5 -65

80 to 84 857 2.2 1.9 728 2.0 2.0 +129

85 and over 668 1.7 1.8 614 1.7 1.6 +54

Total 39,355 100.0 100.0 35,991 100.0 100.0 +3,364

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 12 of 198 Five year age structure, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 13 of 198 Dominant groups Analysis of the five year age groups of the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a lower proportion of people in the younger age groups (under 15) and a higher proportion of people in the older age groups (65+). Overall, 18.2% of the population was aged between 0 and 15, and 14.3% were aged 65 years and over, compared with 19.2% and 12.8% respectively for Greater Sydney. The major differences between the age structure of the City of Botany Bay and Greater Sydney were: A larger percentage of persons aged 70 to 74 (3.5% compared to 2.9%) A larger percentage of persons aged 35 to 39 (8.2% compared to 7.6%) A smaller percentage of persons aged 10 to 14 (5.4% compared to 6.1%) A smaller percentage of persons aged 15 to 19 (5.7% compared to 6.3%) Emerging groups From 2006 to 2011, City of Botany Bay's population increased by 3,364 people (9.3%). This represents an average annual population change of 1.8% per year over the period. The largest changes in age structure in this area between 2006 and 2011 were in the age groups: 25 to 29 (+537 persons) 35 to 39 (+347 persons) 40 to 44 (+319 persons) 0 to 4 (+315 persons)

Page 14 of 198 Single year of age The Age Structure of the City of Botany Bay provides key insights into the level of demand for age based services and facilities. It is also an indicator of the City of Botany Bay's demographic role and function and how it is likely to change in the future. Single year of age data is presented as an age-sex pyramid which enables the shape of the population to be compared geographically, temporally and by gender. For example, longer female life expectancy usually leads to the pyramid skewing to the right in the older age groups. To get a more complete picture the City of Botany Bay's Age Structure should be viewed in conjunction with Household Types and Dwelling Types. .

Page 15 of 198 Age and sex pyramid, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 16 of 198 Ancestry Ancestry defines the cultural association and ethnic background of an individual going back three generations. Ancestry is a good measure of the total size of cultural groups in the City of Botany Bay regardless of where they were born or what language they speak. Ancestry data, should be combined with data on Birthplace, Language Spoken at Home and Religion for a more complete picture of the City of Botany Bay's ethnic characteristics.

Ancestry - ranked by size

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Ancestry Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Australian 8,061 20.5 25.7 7,927 22.0 29.5 +134

English 7,000 17.8 25.8 5,974 16.6 24.6 +1,026

Chinese 3,857 9.8 8.2 2,812 7.8 7.1 +1,045

Irish 2,803 7.1 8.3 2,327 6.5 7.9 +476

Greek 2,711 6.9 2.6 2,736 7.6 2.7 -25

Scottish 1,784 4.5 6.3 1,375 3.8 5.9 +409

Italian 1,593 4.0 4.2 1,487 4.1 4.2 +106

Bengali 1,225 3.1 0.4 1,115 3.1 0.3 +110

Filipino 1,041 2.6 1.9 968 2.7 1.6 +73

Indian 895 2.3 2.9 722 2.0 2.2 +173

Excludes ancestries with fewer than 20 responses, or less than 0.1% of the total population.

Ancestry - totals

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Ancestry totals Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Not stated 2,995 7.6 7.0 3,287 9.1 9.1 -292

Total People 39,355 100.0 100.0 35,985 100.0 100.0 +3,370

Total responses 48,153 -- -- 43,467 -- -- +4,686

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 17 of 198 Ancestry, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 18 of 198 Dominant groups Analysis of the ancestry responses of the population in City of Botany Bay in 2011 shows that the top five ancestries nominated were: Australian (8,061 people or 20.5%) English (7,000 people or 17.8%) Chinese (3,857 people or 9.8%) Irish (2,803 people or 7.1%) Greek (2,711 people or 6.9%) In combination these five ancestries account for 24,432 responses in total, or 62.08% of all responses. The major differences between the ancestries of the population in the City of Botany Bay and Greater Sydney were: A larger percentage of people with Greek ancestry (6.9% compared to 2.6%) A larger percentage of people with Bengali ancestry (3.1% compared to 0.4%) A larger percentage of people with Turkish ancestry (2.2% compared to 0.5%) A larger percentage of people with Chinese ancestry (9.8% compared to 8.2%) Emerging groups The largest changes in the reported ancestries of the population in this area between 2006 and 2011 were: Chinese (+1,045 persons) English (+1,026 persons) Irish (+476 persons) Scottish (+409 persons)

Page 19 of 198 Birthplace Country of Birth data identifies where people were born and is indicative of the level of cultural diversity in the City of Botany Bay. The mix of Country of Birth groups is also indicative of historical settlement patterns, as source countries for Australia's immigration program have varied significantly over time. To get a more complete picture of cultural and ethnic characteristics, the City of Botany Bay's Country of Birth data should be viewed together with Ancestry, Language Spoken at Home and Religion.

Birthplace - ranked by size

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Country of birth Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 China 1,305 3.3 3.4 891 2.5 2.6 +414

Bangladesh 1,143 2.9 0.4 1,073 3.0 0.3 +70

Indonesia 1,132 2.9 0.6 769 2.1 0.5 +363

United Kingdom 1,105 2.8 4.1 959 2.7 4.3 +146

New Zealand 883 2.2 1.9 922 2.6 2.0 -39

Greece 853 2.2 0.7 994 2.8 0.8 -141

Philippines 813 2.1 1.4 730 2.0 1.3 +83

India 559 1.4 2.0 371 1.0 1.3 +188

Turkey 436 1.1 0.3 420 1.2 0.3 +16

Egypt 426 1.1 0.4 486 1.4 0.4 -60

Excludes countries with fewer than 20 people, or less than 0.1% of the total population.

Birthplace - summary

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Birthplace Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Total Overseas born 16,560 42.1 34.2 14,916 41.4 31.7 +1,644

Non-English speaking 14,091 35.8 26.3 12,631 35.1 23.9 +1,460 backgrounds

Main English speaking 2,469 6.3 7.9 2,285 6.3 7.8 +184 countries

Australia 20,234 51.4 59.9 18,170 50.5 60.4 +2,064

Not Stated 2,561 6.5 5.9 2,908 8.1 7.9 -347

Total Population 39,355 100.0 100.0 35,994 100.0 100.0 +3,361

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 20 of 198 Country of birth, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 21 of 198 Dominant groups Analysis of the country of birth of the population in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a larger proportion of people born overseas, as well as a larger proportion of people from a non-English speaking background. Overall, 42.1% of the population was born overseas, and 35.8% were from a non-English speaking background, compared with 34.2% and 26.3% respectively for Greater Sydney. The largest non-English speaking country of birth in the City of Botany Bay was China, where 3.3% of the population, or 1,305 people, were born. The major differences between the countries of birth of the population in the City of Botany Bay and Greater Sydney were: A larger percentage of people born in Bangladesh (2.9% compared to 0.4%) A larger percentage of people born in Indonesia (2.9% compared to 0.6%) A larger percentage of people born in Greece (2.2% compared to 0.7%) A smaller percentage of people born in United Kingdom (2.8% compared to 4.1%) Emerging groups Between 2006 and 2011, the number of people born overseas increased by 1,644 or 11.0%, and the number of people from a non-English speaking background increased by 1,460 or 11.6%. The largest changes in birthplace countries of the population in this area between 2006 and 2011 were for those born in: China (+414 persons) Indonesia (+363 persons) India (+188 persons) United Kingdom (+146 persons)

Page 22 of 198 Year of arrival in Australia The Year of Arrival data records when the overseas born population arrived in Australia. The data shows the degree to which areas are 'ports' for new overseas migrants and reveals the role of the City of Botany Bay in housing the overseas-born. The number of recent arrivals in an area is often determined by housing affordability, employment opportunities and pre-existing communities located in the area. The City of Botany Bay's Year of Arrival data, when used with Birthplace, Religion and Language Spoken at Home data, is a good indicator of the likely need for services in migrant communities.

Year of arrival in Australia

City of Botany Bay 2011

Greater Year of arrival in Australia Number % Sydney 2006 to 9 Aug 2011 3,023 18.2 20.1

2001 to 2005 1,895 11.4 12.2

1991 to 2000 (10 year period) 3,263 19.7 19.4

1981 to 1990 (10 year period) 2,740 16.5 17.5

1971 to 1980 (10 year period) 2,179 13.1 10.9

1961 to 1970 (10 year period) 1,864 11.2 9.4

Arrived in 1960 or earlier 936 5.6 6.5

Not stated 699 4.2 4.1

Total 16,599 100.0 100.0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Year of arrival in Australia, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 23 of 198 Dominant groups Analysis of the year of arrival for the overseas born population of the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a larger proportion of people who arrived before 2001, and a smaller proportion of recent arrivals (those who arrived between 2006 and 2011). Overall, 66.2% of the overseas born population arrived before 2001, and 18.2% arrived during or after 2006, compared with 63.7% and 20.1% respectively for Greater Sydney. The major differences between the year of arrival data of the City of Botany Bay and Greater Sydney were: A larger percentage of arrivals between 1971 and 1980 (13.1% compared to 10.9%) A larger percentage of arrivals between 1961 and 1970 (11.2% compared to 9.4%) A smaller percentage of arrivals between 2006 and 9 Aug 2011 (18.2% compared to 20.1%) A smaller percentage of arrivals between 1981 and 1990 (16.5% compared to 17.5%)

Page 24 of 198 Proficiency in English Proficiency in English measures the self-assessed proficiency in spoken English of people who speak a language other than English at home. The data, when viewed with other ethnic and cultural indicators, such as Ancestry, Country of Birth, Language Spoken at Home and Religion, reflects the City of Botany Bay's ethnic composition and how long the overseas born have been in Australia. This helps service providers determine whether they need to communicate with the local population in languages other than English.

Proficiency in English

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater English proficiency Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Speaks English only 19,775 50.2 62.2 18,043 50.1 64.0 +1,732

Speaks another language, 14,463 36.7 26.7 12,942 36.0 23.7 +1,521 and English well or very well

Speaks another language, 2,873 7.3 5.8 2,677 7.4 5.5 +196 and English not well or not at all

Not Stated 2,245 5.7 5.4 2,329 6.5 6.8 -84

Total population 39,356 100.0 100.0 35,991 100.0 100.0 +3,365

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Proficiency in English, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 25 of 198 Change in proficiency in English, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the proficiency in English data for the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a lower proportion of persons who spoke English only, and a higher proportion of persons who spoke another language and English not well or not at all. Overall, 50.2% of persons spoke English only, and 7.3% spoke another language and English not well or not at all, compared with 62.2% and 5.8% respectively for Greater Sydney. Emerging groups

The most significant changes in the proficiency in English of the population in this area between 2006 and 2011 were in those speaking: Speaks English only (+1,732 persons) Speaks another language, and English well or very well (+1,521 persons) Speaks another language, and English not well or not at all (+196 persons)

Page 26 of 198 Language spoken at home The City of Botany Bay's language statistics show the proportion of the population who speak a language at home other than English. They indicate how culturally diverse a population is and the degree to which different ethnic groups and nationalities are retaining their language. The City of Botany Bay's language statistics should be analysed in conjunction with Country of Birth and Proficiency in English to assist in identifying specific cultural and ethnic groups in the area and the services required by the multicultural community.

Language spoken at home - ranked by size

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Language (excludes Greater Greater English) Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Greek 2,280 5.8 1.8 2,350 6.5 1.9 -70

Bengali 1,421 3.6 0.5 1,265 3.5 0.3 +156

Indonesian 1,247 3.2 0.5 812 2.3 0.4 +435

Spanish 1,243 3.2 1.1 1,378 3.8 1.1 -135

Mandarin 1,182 3.0 3.0 831 2.3 2.3 +351

Cantonese 1,166 3.0 3.0 1,040 2.9 3.0 +126

Turkish 848 2.2 0.5 741 2.1 0.5 +107

Arabic 822 2.1 4.1 835 2.3 3.9 -13

Filipino/Tagalog 701 1.8 1.2 630 1.8 1.1 +71

Italian 684 1.7 1.6 723 2.0 1.7 -39

Excludes languages with fewer than 20 people speaking them at home, or less than 0.1% of the total population.

Language - summary

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Language summary Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Speaks English only 19,775 50.2 62.2 18,041 50.1 64.0 +1,734

Non-English total 17,356 44.1 32.5 15,697 43.6 29.2 +1,659

Not stated 2,224 5.7 5.3 2,255 6.3 6.8 -31

Total Population 39,355 100.0 100.0 35,993 100.0 100.0 +3,362

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 27 of 198 Language spoken at home, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 28 of 198 Dominant groups Analysis of the language spoken at home by the population of the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a smaller proportion of people who spoke English only, and a larger proportion of those speaking a non-English language (either exclusively, or in addition to English). Overall, 50.2% of the population spoke English only, and 44.1% spoke a non-English language, compared with 62.2% and 32.5% respectively for Greater Sydney. The dominant language spoken at home, other than English, in the City of Botany Bay was Greek, with 5.8% of the population, or 2,280 people speaking this language at home. The major differences between the languages spoken at home for the population of the City of Botany Bay and Greater Sydney in 2011 were: A larger percentage speaking Greek at home (5.8% compared to 1.8%) A larger percentage speaking Bengali at home (3.6% compared to 0.5%) A larger percentage speaking Indonesian at home (3.2% compared to 0.5%) A larger percentage speaking Spanish at home (3.2% compared to 1.1%) Emerging groups Between 2006 and 2011, the number of people who spoke a language other than English at home increased by 1,659 or 10.6%, and the number of people who spoke English only increased by 1,734 or 9.6%. The largest changes in the spoken languages of the population in the City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011 were for those speaking: Indonesian (+435 persons) Mandarin (+351 persons) Bengali (+156 persons) Spanish (-135 persons)

Page 29 of 198 Religion The City of Botany Bay's religion statistics provide an indicator of cultural identity and ethnicity when observed in conjunction with other key variables. Religion data reveal the major concentrations of religions as well as revealing the proportion of people with no religious affiliation. There are a number of reasons for different religious compositions across areas including the country of birth and ethnic background of the population, the age of the population (belief in religion is generally stronger, the older the population) and changes in values and belief systems. The City of Botany Bay's religion statistics should be analysed in conjunction with other ethnicity statistics such as Country of Birth data and Language Spoken data to assist in identifying specific cultural and ethnic groups.

Religions - ranked by size

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Religion Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Western (Roman) Catholic 12,870 32.7 27.5 12,246 34.0 28.3 +624

Anglican 4,247 10.8 16.1 4,381 12.2 17.9 -134

Islam 3,176 8.1 4.7 2,806 7.8 3.9 +370

Greek Orthodox 3,053 7.8 2.7 3,009 8.4 2.9 +44

Buddhism 1,376 3.5 4.1 1,091 3.0 3.7 +285

Hinduism 787 2.0 2.6 599 1.7 1.7 +188

Presbyterian and Reformed 773 2.0 2.4 722 2.0 2.6 +51

Uniting Church 736 1.9 2.8 777 2.2 3.4 -41

Judaism 607 1.5 0.9 442 1.2 0.9 +165

Christian,nfd 591 1.5 1.7 366 1.0 1.3 +225

Excludes religions with fewer than 20 adherents, or less than 0.1% of the total population.

Religions - summary

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Religion totals Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Christian total 24,904 63.3 60.9 24,045 66.8 64.0 +859

Non Christian total 6,142 15.6 13.2 5,092 14.1 10.9 +1,050

Non-classifiable religious 201 0.5 0.6 161 0.4 0.6 +40 belief

No religion 5,132 13.0 17.6 3,630 10.1 14.1 +1,502

Not stated 2,976 7.6 7.6 3,064 8.5 10.4 -88

Total Population 39,355 100.0 100.0 35,992 100.0 100.0 +3,363

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 30 of 198 Religion, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 31 of 198 Dominant groups Analysis of the religious affiliation of the population of the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a higher proportion of people who professed a religion and a lower proportion who stated they had no religion. Overall, 78.9% of the population nominated a religion, and 13.0% said they had no religion, compared with 74.1% and 17.6% respectively for Greater Sydney. The largest single religion in the City of Botany Bay was Western (Roman) Catholic, with 32.7% of the population or 12,870 people as adherents. The major differences between the religious affiliation for the population of the City of Botany Bay and Greater Sydney were: A larger percentage who nominated Western (Roman) Catholic (32.7% compared to 27.5%) A larger percentage who nominated Greek Orthodox (7.8% compared to 2.7%) A larger percentage who nominated Islam (8.1% compared to 4.7%) A smaller percentage who nominated Anglican (10.8% compared to 16.1%) Emerging groups The largest changes in the religious affiliation of the population in the City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011 were for those who nominated: Western (Roman) Catholic (+624 persons) Islam (+370 persons) Buddhism (+285 persons) Christian,nfd (+225 persons)

Page 32 of 198 Individual income Individual Income statistics are an indicator of socio-economic status. With other data sources, such as Household Income, Educational Qualifications and Occupation, they help tell the story of the economic opportunities and socio- economic status of the City of Botany Bay. The amount of income an individual receives is linked to a number of factors including employment status, age (as for instance students and retirees often receive a lower income), qualifications and type of employment. The incomes presented on this page are for the latest Census year only. For comparison of incomes over time, go to Individual Income Quartiles.

Weekly individual gross income

City of Botany Bay 2011

Greater Weekly income Number % Sydney Negative Income/ Nil income 3,175 9.9 9.8

$1-$199 2,066 6.4 7.1

$200-$299 3,398 10.5 9.3

$300-$399 3,213 10.0 8.7

$400-$599 3,301 10.2 10.2

$600-$799 3,571 11.1 9.7

$800-$999 2,804 8.7 8.1

$1000-$1249 2,512 7.8 8.0

$1250-$1499 1,746 5.4 5.8

$1500-$1999 2,110 6.6 7.2

$2000 or more 1,615 5.0 8.2

Not stated 2,701 8.4 8.1

Total persons aged 15+ 32,212 100.0 100.0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 33 of 198 Weekly individual gross income, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of individual income levels in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a lower proportion of persons earning a high income (those earning $1,500 per week or more) and a higher proportion of low income persons (those earning less than $400 per week). Overall, 11.6% of the population earned a high income, and 36.8% earned a low income, compared with 15.3% and 34.8% respectively for Greater Sydney. The major differences between the City of Botany Bay's individual incomes and Greater Sydney's individual incomes were: A larger percentage of persons who earned $600-$799 (11.1% compared to 9.7%) A larger percentage of persons who earned $300-$399 (10.0% compared to 8.7%) A larger percentage of persons who earned $200-$299 (10.5% compared to 9.3%) A smaller percentage of persons who earned $2000 or more (5.0% compared to 8.2%)

Page 34 of 198 Individual income quartiles The City of Botany Bay's income statistics are an indicator of socio-economic status. With other data sources, such as Household Income, Educational Qualifications and Occupation, they help tell the story of the area's economic opportunities and socio-economic status. Individual income levels are not comparable over time because of the influences of economic change such as wage level fluctuations and inflation. The income quartile method is the most objective method of comparing change in the income profile of a community over time. A detailed explanation of how Individual Income quartiles are calculated and interpreted is available in specific data notes.

Individual income quartiles

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Quartile group Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Lowest group 7,511 25.5 25.1 6,805 25.6 24.5 +706

Medium lowest 7,008 23.7 21.7 6,660 25.0 21.7 +348

Medium highest 7,948 26.9 24.7 7,319 27.5 24.9 +629

Highest group 7,042 23.9 28.4 5,806 21.8 29.0 +1,236

Total persons aged 15+ 29,511 100.0 100.0 26,591 100.0 100.0 +2,919

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Quartile group dollar ranges (Individuals)

Calculated from income data for New South Wales Weekly income by Census year

Individual quartile ranges 2011 2006 2001 Lowest group $0 to $266 $0 to $207 $0 to $183

Medium lowest $267 to $560 $208 to $460 $184 to $386

Medium highest $561 to $1,093 $461 to $895 $387 to $719

Highest group $1,094 and over $896 and over $720 and over

Page 35 of 198 Individual income quartiles, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Income quartiles allow us to compare relative income-earning capabilities across time. Analysis of the distribution of the population by income quartile in City of Botany Bay compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was lesser proportion of persons in the highest income quartile, and a similar proportion in the lowest income quartile.

Page 36 of 198 Emerging groups The most significant change in City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011 was in the highest quartile which showed an increase of 1,236 persons.

Page 37 of 198 Household income Households form the common 'economic unit' in our society. The City of Botany Bay's Household Income is one of the most important indicators of socio-economic status. With other data sources, such as Educational Qualifications and Occupation, it helps to reveal the economic opportunities and socio-economic status of the City of Botany Bay. It is important to note that income data is not necessarily a measure of wealth. For example, if an area has a large number of retirees this will produce a higher proportion of households with low income but the retirees may have large capital wealth. For this reason, household income should be viewed in conjunction with Age and Household Composition. The incomes presented on this page are for the latest Census year only. For comparison of incomes over time, go to Household Income Quartiles.

Weekly household income

City of Botany Bay 2011

Greater Weekly income Number % Sydney Negative Income/Nil Income 228 1.6 1.6

$1-$199 261 1.8 1.5

$200-$299 539 3.8 2.5

$300-$399 1,028 7.2 5.1

$400-$599 1,199 8.4 7.6

$600-$799 1,133 8.0 7.1

$800-$999 938 6.6 6.8

$1000-$1249 1,084 7.6 7.3

$1250-$1499 988 6.9 6.8

$1500-$1999 1,573 11.0 11.3

$2000-$2499 1,173 8.2 8.4

$2500-$2999 1,022 7.2 9.5

$3000-$3499 736 5.2 5.7

$3500-$3999 325 2.3 2.9

$4000-$4999 315 2.2 2.8

$5000 or more 209 1.5 2.7

Not stated 1,486 10.4 10.5

Total households 14,237 100.0 100.0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 38 of 198 Weekly household income, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of household income levels in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a smaller proportion of high income households (those earning $2,500 per week or more) and a higher proportion of low income households (those earning less than $600 per week). Overall, 18.3% of the households earned a high income, and 22.9% were low income households, compared with 23.6% and 18.3% respectively for Greater Sydney. The major differences between the household incomes of the City of Botany Bay and Greater Sydney were: A larger percentage of households who earned $300-$399 (7.2% compared to 5.1%) A larger percentage of households who earned $200-$299 (3.8% compared to 2.5%) A smaller percentage of households who earned $2500-$2999 (7.2% compared to 9.5%)

Page 39 of 198 Household income quartiles Households form the common 'economic unit' in our society. Household Income is one of the most important indicators of socio-economic status. With other data sources, such as Educational Qualifications and Occupation, it helps to reveal the City of Botany Bay's socio-economic status and economic opportunities. Household income levels are not comparable over time because of the influences of economic change such as wage level fluctuations and inflation. The income quartile method is a powerful and objective way of looking at income data and in particular, how it is changing. A detailed explanation of how Household Income quartiles are calculated and interpreted is available in specific data notes.

Household income quartiles

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Quartile group Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Lowest group 3,339 26.2 21.0 3,250 27.8 20.9 +89

Medium lowest 3,001 23.5 22.5 2,848 24.4 22.7 +153

Medium highest 3,271 25.7 25.8 2,953 25.3 25.3 +318

Highest group 3,138 24.6 30.6 2,635 22.6 31.1 +503

Total Households 12,751 100.0 100.0 11,688 100.0 100.0 +1,063

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Quartile group dollar ranges (Households)

Calculated from income data for New South Wales Weekly income by Census year

Household income ranges 2011 2006 2001 1996 1991 Lowest group $0 to $614 $0 to $530 $0 to $418 $0 to $337 $0 to $302

Medium lowest $615 to $1,233 $531 to $1,034 $419 to $828 $338 to $652 $303 to $582

Medium highest $1,234 to $2,272 $1,035 to $1,788 $829 to $1,462 $653 to $1,146 $583 to $975

Highest group $2,273 and over $1,789 and over $1,463 and over $1,147 and over $976 and over

Page 40 of 198 Household income quartiles, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Change in household income quartile, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Income quartiles allow us to compare relative income-earning capabilities across time. Analysis of the distribution of households by income quartile in City of Botany Bay compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was lesser proportion of households in the highest income quartile, and a greater proportion in the lowest income quartile.

Page 41 of 198 Emerging groups The most significant change in City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011 was in the highest quartile which showed an increase of 503 households.

Page 42 of 198 Equivalised household income While Household Income is a useful measure, it is difficult to tell if changes over time and between geographic areas are due to actual changes in income levels, or due to changes in household size and composition. For example, an increase in lower income households could be due to job losses in key economic sectors, or simply due to decreasing household size as adult children leave home. Equivalised Household Income puts all households on an equal footing independent of household size and composition to enable a true comparison between areas and over time. It is an indicator of the income resource available to a household of standard size and is the best measure of the changing economic fortunes of households living in the City of Botany Bay. A detailed explanation of how Equivalised Household Income quartiles are calculated and interpreted is available in specific data notes.

Equivalised household income quartiles

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Quartile group Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Lowest group 3,440 27.2 21.7 3,184 27.5 21.4 +257

Medium lowest 2,966 23.5 22.4 2,944 25.4 21.9 +22

Medium highest 3,198 25.3 25.7 3,013 26.0 25.6 +185

Highest group 3,025 23.9 30.3 2,442 21.1 31.1 +582

Total Households 12,631 100.0 100.0 11,584 100.0 100.0 +1,046

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Quartile group dollar ranges (Equivalised household income)

Calculated from income data for New South Wales Weekly income by Census year

Equivalised household income ranges 2011 2006 2001 Lowest group $0 to $421 $0 to $347 $0 to $284

Medium lowest $422 to $756 $348 to $608 $285 to $500

Medium highest $757 to $1,243 $609 to $1,022 $501 to $823

Highest group $1,244 and over $1,023 and over $824 and over

Page 43 of 198 Equivalised household income quartiles, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 44 of 198 Dominant groups Equivalised income quartiles allow us to compare relative income-earning capabilities across time. Because the data are equivalised, households of different size and composition are placed on an equal footing. Analysis of the distribution of households by income quartile in the City of Botany Bay compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a lesser proportion of households in the highest equivalised income quartile, and a greater proportion in the lowest equivalised income quartile. Emerging groups The most significant change in City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011 was in the highest quartile which showed an increase of 582 households.

Page 45 of 198 Qualifications Educational Qualifications relate to education outside of primary and secondary school and are one of the most important indicators of socio-economic status. With other data sources, such as Employment Status, Income and Occupation, the City of Botany Bay's Educational Qualifications help to evaluate the economic opportunities and socio-economic status of the area and identify skill gaps in the labour market.

Highest qualification achieved

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Qualification level Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Bachelor or Higher degree 6,481 20.1 24.1 4,504 15.3 20.0 +1,977

Advanced Diploma or 2,714 8.4 9.0 2,043 6.9 8.1 +671 Diploma

Vocational 4,698 14.6 15.1 4,178 14.2 14.9 +520

No qualification 14,272 44.3 40.5 14,355 48.8 42.7 -83

Not stated 4,048 12.6 11.3 4,342 14.8 14.3 -294

Total persons aged 15+ 32,213 100.0 100.0 29,422 100.0 100.0 +2,791

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Highest qualification achieved, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 46 of 198 Change in highest qualification achieved, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the qualifications of the population in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a lower proportion of people holding formal qualifications (Bachelor or higher degree; Advanced Diploma or Diploma; or Vocational qualifications), and a higher proportion of people with no formal qualifications. Overall, 43.1% of the population aged 15 and over held educational qualifications, and 44.3% had no qualifications, compared with 48.3% and 40.5% respectively for Greater Sydney. The major differences between qualifications held by the population of the City of Botany Bay and Greater Sydney were: A larger percentage of persons with No qualifications (44.3% compared to 40.5%) A smaller percentage of persons with Bachelor or Higher degrees (20.1% compared to 24.1%) Emerging groups The largest changes in the qualifications of the population in the City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011 were in those with: Bachelor or Higher degrees (+1,977 persons) Advanced Diploma or Diplomas (+671 persons) Vocational qualifications (+520 persons) No qualifications (-83 persons)

Page 47 of 198 Highest level of schooling The City of Botany Bay's school completion data is a useful indicator of socio-economic status. With other indicators, such as Proficiency in English, the data informs planners and decision-makers about people's ability to access services. Combined with Educational Qualifications it also allows assessment of the skill base of the population.

Highest level of secondary schooling completed

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Level of schooling Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Year 8 or below 2,196 6.8 4.8 2,550 8.7 5.6 -354

Year 9 or equivalent 1,623 5.0 5.5 1,720 5.8 6.0 -97

Year 10 or equivalent 5,597 17.4 19.6 5,999 20.4 21.5 -402

Year 11 or equivalent 1,536 4.8 5.3 1,503 5.1 5.5 +33

Year 12 or equivalent 17,484 54.3 55.0 13,738 46.7 49.1 +3,746

Did not go to school 527 1.6 1.3 537 1.8 1.4 -10

Not stated 3,248 10.1 8.5 3,380 11.5 10.8 -132

Total persons aged 15+ 32,211 100.0 100.0 29,427 100.0 100.0 +2,784

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Highest level of schooling completed, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 48 of 198 Change in highest level of schooling completed, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the highest level of schooling attained by the population in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a similar proportion of people who had left school at an early level (Year 10 or less) and a lower proportion of people who completed Year 12 or equivalent. Overall, 30.9% of the population left school at Year 10 or below, and 54.3% went on to complete Year 12 or equivalent, compared with 31.2% and 55.0% respectively for Greater Sydney. The major differences between the level of schooling attained by the population in the City of Botany Bay and Greater Sydney were: A larger percentage of persons who completed year 8 or below (6.8% compared to 4.8%) A smaller percentage of persons who completed year 10 or equivalent (17.4% compared to 19.6%) Emerging groups The largest changes in the level of schooling attained by the population in the City of Botany Bay, between 2006 and 2011 were: Year 12 or equivalent (+3,746 persons) Year 10 or equivalent (-402 persons) Year 8 or below (-354 persons) Year 9 or equivalent (-97 persons)

Page 49 of 198 Education institution attending The share of the City of Botany Bay's population attending educational institutions reflects the age structure of the population, which influences the number of children attending school; proximity to tertiary education, which can mean young adults leaving home to be nearer to educational facilities and; the degree to which people are seeking out educational opportunities in adulthood, especially in their late teens and early twenties. This data is often combined with Age Structure to identify areas with significant university student populations.

Education institute attending

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Type of institute Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Pre-school 587 1.5 1.8 491 1.4 1.7 +96

Primary school 2,827 7.2 7.8 2,537 7.0 8.0 +290

Primary - Government 1,550 3.9 5.2 1,522 4.2 5.4 +28

Primary - Catholic 1,089 2.8 1.7 853 2.4 1.7 +236

Primary - Independent 188 0.5 1.0 162 0.5 1.0 +26

Secondary school 2,161 5.5 6.4 2,063 5.7 6.5 +98

Secondary - Government 1,093 2.8 3.6 1,051 2.9 3.7 +42

Secondary - Catholic 887 2.3 1.7 847 2.4 1.7 +40

Secondary - Independent 181 0.5 1.2 165 0.5 1.2 +16

TAFE 938 2.4 2.4 930 2.6 2.5 +8

University 2,049 5.2 5.2 1,401 3.9 4.4 +648

Other 354 0.9 0.9 209 0.6 0.8 +145

Not attending 27,396 69.6 68.3 24,913 69.2 67.0 +2,483

Not stated 3,043 7.7 7.1 3,447 9.6 9.2 -404

Total 39,355 100.0 100.0 35,991 100.0 100.0 +3,364

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 50 of 198 Education institute attending, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 51 of 198 Dominant groups Analysis of the share of the population attending educational institutions in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a lower proportion attending primary school, a lower proportion attending secondary school, and a similar proportion engaged in tertiary level education. Overall, 7.2% of the population were attending primary school, 5.5% of the population were attending secondary institutions, and 7.6% were learning at a tertiary level, compared with 7.8%, 6.4% and 7.6% respectively for Greater Sydney. The major differences between the share of the population attending learning institutions in the City of Botany Bay and Greater Sydney were: A larger percentage of persons not attending (69.6% compared to 68.3%) A larger percentage of persons attending an independent primary school (2.8% compared to 1.7%) A smaller percentage of persons attending a Catholic primary school (3.9% compared to 5.2%) Emerging groups From 2006 to 2011, City of Botany Bay's population aged 15 years and over increased by 3,364 people (+9.3%). This represents an average annual change of 1.8% per year over the period. The largest changes in the number of people attending education institutions in the City of Botany Bay, between 2006 and 2011 were in those who nominated: University (+648 persons) Primary school (+290 persons) Primary - Catholic (+236 persons) Secondary school (+98 persons)

Page 52 of 198 Need for assistance The City of Botany Bay's disability statistics relate directly to need for assistance due to a severe or profound disability. The information may be used in the planning of local facilities, services such as day-care and occasional care and in the provision of information and support to carers. The City of Botany Bay's disability statistics help in understanding the prevalence of people who need support in the community, and along with information on Unpaid Care to a person with a disability, how that support is provided. Please note: A person's reported need for assistance is based on a subjective assessment and should therefore be treated with caution. See the specific data notes for further detail.

Need for assistance with core activities

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Assistance needed by age % of total age Greater % of total age Greater group (years) Number group Sydney Number group Sydney 2006 to 2011 0 to 4 21 0.8 0.9 16 0.7 0.8 +5

5 to 9 48 2.0 2.3 43 2.0 1.7 +5

10 to 19 67 1.5 1.9 53 1.3 1.4 +14

20 to 59 465 2.1 2.0 424 2.1 1.7 +41

60 to 64 149 7.6 6.2 137 7.5 5.2 +12

65 to 69 151 8.9 7.7 133 9.0 6.7 +18

70 to 74 211 15.2 11.4 157 13.1 10.3 +54

75 to 79 211 20.2 18.1 219 19.8 16.0 -8

80 to 84 276 32.0 27.7 224 30.8 27.1 +52

85 and over 356 52.7 48.4 306 50.5 46.6 +50

Total persons needing 1,955 5.0 4.4 1,712 4.8 3.8 +243 assistance

Need for assistance with core activities

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Assistance needed by age Greater Greater group (years) Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Total persons needing 1,955 5.0 4.4 1,712 4.8 3.8 +243 assistance

Total persons not needing 34,832 88.5 89.7 31,722 88.1 88.9 +3,110 assistance

Not stated 2,570 6.5 6.0 2,557 7.1 7.4 +13

Total population 39,357 100.0 100.0 35,991 100.0 100.0 +3,366

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 53 of 198 Need for assistance with core activities, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 54 of 198 Dominant groups Analysis of the need for assistance of persons in the City of Botany Bay compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a higher proportion of persons who reported needing assistance with core activities. Overall, 5.0% of the population reported needing assistance with core activities, compared with 4.4% for Greater Sydney. The major differences in the age groups reporting a need for assistance in the City of Botany Bay and Greater Sydney were: A larger percentage of persons aged 85 and over (52.7% compared to 48.4%) A larger percentage of persons aged 80 to 84 (32.0% compared to 27.7%) A larger percentage of persons aged 70 to 74 (15.2% compared to 11.4%) A larger percentage of persons aged 75 to 79 (20.2% compared to 18.1%) Emerging groups The major differences in the age groups reporting a need for assistance between 2006 and 2011 in the City of Botany Bay were in the age groups: 70 to 74 (+54 persons) 80 to 84 (+52 persons) 85 and over (+50 persons)

Page 55 of 198 Employment status What is our employment status?

Industries What industries do we work in?

Occupations What are our occupations?

Method of travel to work How do we get to work?

Volunteering Do we do unpaid work?

Domestic work Unpaid domestic work

Care Unpaid care

Childcare Unpaid childcare

Individual income Weekly individual income

Individual income quartiles Individual income quartiles

Household income Weekly household income

Household income quartiles Household income quartiles

Page 56 of 198 Equivalised household income Equivalised Household Income Quartiles

Page 57 of 198 Volunteer work The voluntary work sector is an important part of Australia's economy. The level of volunteering can indicate the cohesiveness of the community and how readily individuals are able to contribute to that community. Factors impacting on the level of volunteering in the City of Botany Bay include the Age Structure of the population, the level of Proficiency in English, Income and Education levels.

Voluntary work

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Volunteer status Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Volunteer 3,368 10.5 15.1 2,776 9.4 14.8 +592

Not a volunteer 25,906 80.4 76.5 23,499 79.9 74.6 +2,407

Volunteer work not stated 2,938 9.1 8.4 3,153 10.7 10.6 -215

Total persons aged 15+ 32,212 100.0 100.0 29,428 100.0 100.0 +2,784

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Voluntary work, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 58 of 198 Change in voluntary work, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the voluntary work performed by the population in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a lower proportion of persons who volunteered for an organisation or group. Overall, 10.5% of the population reported performing voluntary work, compared with 15.1% for Greater Sydney. Emerging groups The number of volunteers in City of Botany Bay increased by 592 people between 2006 and 2011.

Page 59 of 198 Unpaid domestic work There has been increased interest in identifying, acknowledging and valuing the unpaid work that supports home and community life. The changing amount of time spent on unpaid housework in different Household Types and, particularly the distribution of this work within the household, can indicate the changing roles of males, females and older children in society. The level of unpaid domestic work in the City of Botany Bay may also be related to Household Income, as higher income households are able to outsource some of these tasks.

Unpaid domestic work

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Hours spent on unpaid Greater Greater domestic work Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Did unpaid domestic work 19,998 62.1 67.6 18,120 61.6 67.0 +1,878

Less than 5 hours 7,123 22.1 23.4 6,417 21.8 23.0 +706

Between 5 and 14 hours 7,433 23.1 24.5 6,414 21.8 23.3 +1,019

Between 15 and 29 hours 2,949 9.2 10.8 2,899 9.9 10.8 +50

30 hours or more 2,493 7.7 8.9 2,390 8.1 9.9 +103

Did no unpaid domestic work 9,230 28.7 23.8 7,958 27.0 21.9 +1,272

Not stated 2,984 9.3 8.6 3,349 11.4 11.1 -365

Total persons aged 15+ 32,212 100.0 100.0 29,427 100.0 100.0 +2,785

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Unpaid domestic work, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 60 of 198 Change in unpaid domestic work, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the unpaid domestic work performed by the population in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a lower proportion of persons who performed 15 hours or more of unpaid domestic work per week. Overall, 16.9% of the population reported performing 15 hours or more of unpaid domestic work, compared with 19.7% for Greater Sydney. The major differences between the share of the population performing unpaid domestic work in the City of Botany Bay and Greater Sydney were: A larger percentage of persons who did no unpaid domestic work (28.7% compared to 23.8%) A smaller percentage of persons who did less than 5 hours of domestic work (62.1% compared to 67.6%) A smaller percentage of persons who did 30 hours or more of domestic work (9.2% compared to 10.8%) A smaller percentage of persons who did between 15 and 29 hours of domestic work (23.1% compared to 24.5%) Emerging groups

The largest changes in the number of people performing unpaid domestic work in the City of Botany Bay, between 2006 and 2011 were those who: Did unpaid domestic work (+1,878 persons) Did no unpaid domestic work (+1,272 persons) Did between 5 and 14 hours of domestic work (+1,019 persons) Did less than 5 hours of domestic work (+706 persons)

Page 61 of 198 Unpaid care The proportion of people providing unpaid care for the aged and disabled in the City of Botany Bay can be an important indicator of the level of demand for aged care services and facilities by local and state governments. An increasing proportion of carers among the population may indicate inadequate aged care provision, or the need for in-home support, or support for the carers themselves. The level of care provided by individuals is likely to be affected by Household Income, Age Structure and the ethnic makeup of the community (Language Spoken), as well as the sense of community cohesiveness.

Unpaid care

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Assistance to a person with a disability, long term Greater Greater illness or old age Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Provided unpaid assistance 3,349 10.4 10.8 2,825 9.6 9.8 +524

No unpaid assistance 25,846 80.2 80.5 23,231 78.9 79.1 +2,615 provided

Not stated 3,017 9.4 8.7 3,371 11.5 11.1 -354

Total persons aged 15+ 32,212 100.0 100.0 29,427 100.0 100.0 +2,785

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Unpaid care, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 62 of 198 Change in unpaid care, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the unpaid care provided by the population in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a similar proportion of persons who provided unpaid care either to family members or others. Overall, 10.4% of the population provided unpaid care, compared with 10.8% for Greater Sydney. Emerging groups The number of people who provided unpaid assistance to a person with a disability, long term illness or old age in the City of Botany Bay increased by 524 people between 2006 and 2011.

Page 63 of 198 Unpaid childcare The role of unpaid childcare in the City of Botany Bay is determined by many different factors. For example areas with high levels of unpaid child care may have a dominance of single income families with one significant earner, or there could be a lack of provision of paid child care in the area. The level to which people care for others children can also indicate the role of extended family (eg. grandparents caring for grandchildren, family day care). The role of unpaid child care is a complex one so this topic should be viewed in conjunction with several others, including Household Type, Employment, Household Income and Educational Attendance.

Unpaid childcare

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Unpaid child care Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Provided unpaid child care 8,348 25.9 27.3 7,301 24.8 26.3 +1,047 (all)

Cared for own child/ren 6,282 19.5 20.0 5,364 18.2 19.1 +918

Cared for other child/ren 1,884 5.8 6.6 1,801 6.1 6.5 +83

Cared for own child/ren 182 0.6 0.7 136 0.5 0.8 +46 and other child/ren

No unpaid child care 21,181 65.8 64.8 19,168 65.1 63.6 +2,013 provided

Not stated 2,683 8.3 7.9 2,958 10.1 10.1 -275

Total persons aged 15+ 32,212 100.0 100.0 29,427 100.0 100.0 +2,785

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Unpaid childcare, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 64 of 198 Change in unpaid childcare, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the unpaid child care provided by the population in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a lower proportion of persons who provided unpaid child care either to their own or to other children. Overall, 25.9% of the population provided unpaid child care, compared with 27.3% for Greater Sydney. The major difference between the share of the population providing unpaid child care in the City of Botany Bay and Greater Sydney was: A smaller percentage who Provided unpaid child care (all) (25.9% compared to 27.3%) Emerging groups The number of people who provided unpaid child care for their own and/or other people's children in City of Botany Bay increased by 1,047 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in the number of people performing unpaid child care in the City of Botany Bay, between 2006 and 2011 were those who: Provided no unpaid child care (+2,013 persons) Provided unpaid child care (in total) (+1,047 persons) Cared for their own child/ren (+918 persons) Cared for other child/ren (+83 persons)

Page 65 of 198 Employment status The City of Botany Bay's employment statistics are an important indicator of socio-economic status. The levels of full or part-time employment, unemployment and labour force participation indicate the strength of the local economy and social characteristics of the population. Employment status is linked to a number of factors including Age Structure, which influences the number of people in the workforce; the economic base and employment opportunities available in the area and; the education and skill base of the population (Occupations, Industries, Qualifications).

Employment status

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Employment status Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Employed 18,401 94.7 94.3 16,443 94.6 94.7 +1,958

Employed full-time 12,220 62.9 62.0 11,082 63.8 63.0 +1,138

Employed part-time 5,748 29.6 30.1 4,789 27.6 28.9 +959

Hours worked not stated 433 2.2 2.1 572 3.3 2.8 -139

Unemployed 1,024 5.3 5.7 937 5.4 5.3 +87

Looking for full-time work 587 3.0 3.3 591 3.4 3.3 -4

Looking for part-time work 437 2.2 2.4 346 2.0 2.1 +91

Total Labour Force 19,425 100.0 100.0 17,380 100.0 100.0 +2,045

Labour force status

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Labour force status Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Total Labour force 19,425 60.3 61.7 17,380 59.1 60.7 +2,045

Not in the labour force 10,706 33.2 32.4 9,890 33.6 31.8 +816

Labour force status not stated 2,083 6.5 5.9 2,158 7.3 7.6 -75

Total persons aged 15+ 32,214 100.0 100.0 29,428 100.0 100.0 +2,786

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 66 of 198 Employment status, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 67 of 198 Dominant groups The size of the City of Botany Bay's labour force in 2011 was 19,425 persons, of which 5,748 were employed part- time and 12,220 were full time workers. Analysis of the employment status (as a percentage of the labour force) in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a similar proportion in employment, as well as a similar proportion unemployed. Overall, 94.7% of the labour force was employed (57.1% of the population aged 15+), and 5.3% unemployed (3.2% of the population aged 15+), compared with 94.3% and 5.7% respectively for Greater Sydney. The labour force participation rate refers to the proportion of the population over 15 years of age that was employed or actively looking for work. "The labour force is a fundamental input to domestic production. Its size and composition are therefore crucial factors in economic growth. From the viewpoint of social development, earnings from paid work are a major influence on levels of economic well-being." (Australian Social Trends 1995). Analysis of the labour force participation rate of the population in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 shows that there was a lower proportion in the labour force (60.3%) compared with Greater Sydney (61.7%). Emerging groups Between 2006 and 2011, the number of people employed in the City of Botany Bay showed an increase of 1,958 persons and the number unemployed showed an increase of 87 persons. In the same period, the number of people in the labour force showed an increase of 2,045 persons, or 11.8%.

Page 68 of 198 Industry sectors of employment The City of Botany Bay’s industry statistics identify the industry sectors in which the residents work (which may be within the residing area or elsewhere). This will be influenced by the skill base and socio-economic status of the residents as well as the industries and employment opportunities present in the region. When viewed in conjunction with Residents Place of Work data and Method of Travel to Work, industry sector statistics provide insights into the relationship between the economic and residential role of the area.

Industry sector of employment

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Industry sector Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Agriculture, Forestry and 16 0.1 0.4 26 0.2 0.4 -10 Fishing

Mining 19 0.1 0.2 10 0.1 0.2 +9

Manufacturing 1,341 7.3 8.5 1,597 9.7 9.7 -256

Electricity, Gas, Water and 119 0.6 0.9 117 0.7 0.8 +2 Waste Services

Construction 1,053 5.7 7.1 941 5.7 7.1 +112

Retail Trade 1,865 10.1 9.8 1,746 10.6 10.5 +119

Wholesale trade 968 5.3 5.3 981 6.0 5.6 -13

Accommodation and Food 1,352 7.3 6.2 1,201 7.3 6.0 +151 Services

Transport, Postal and 1,839 10.0 5.3 1,660 10.1 5.4 +179 Warehousing

Information Media and 443 2.4 3.0 424 2.6 3.0 +19 Telecommunications

Financial and Insurance 1,005 5.5 6.6 764 4.6 6.4 +241 Services

Rental, Hiring and Real 347 1.9 1.8 281 1.7 1.9 +66 Estate Services

Professional, Scientific and 1,266 6.9 9.6 907 5.5 8.9 +359 Technical Services

Administrative and Support 740 4.0 3.5 645 3.9 3.4 +95 Services

Public Administration and 1,245 6.8 5.6 1,132 6.9 5.6 +113 Safety

Education and Training 1,166 6.3 7.6 883 5.4 7.2 +283

Health Care and Social 2,056 11.2 10.9 1,618 9.8 10.0 +438 Assistance

Arts and Recreation Services 366 2.0 1.6 254 1.5 1.4 +112

Other Services 681 3.7 3.7 683 4.2 3.7 -2

Inadequately described or 515 2.8 2.6 571 3.5 2.8 -56 not stated

Total employed persons 18,402 100.0 100.0 16,441 100.0 100.0 +1,961 aged 15+

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 69 of 198 Industry sector of employment, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 70 of 198 Change in industry sector of employment, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 71 of 198 Occupations of employment The City of Botany Bay's occupation statistics quantify the occupations in which the residents work (which may be within the residing area or elsewhere). This will be influenced by the economic base and employment opportunities available in the area, education levels, and the working and social aspirations of the population. When viewed with other indicators, such as Educational Qualifications and Individual Income, Occupation is a key measure for evaluating the City of Botany Bay's socio-economic status and skill base.

Occupation of employment

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Occupation Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Managers 2,029 11.0 13.3 1,481 9.0 13.2 +548

Professionals 3,602 19.6 25.5 2,610 15.9 23.8 +992

Technicians and Trades 2,380 12.9 12.2 2,290 13.9 12.7 +90 Workers

Community and Personal 1,881 10.2 8.8 1,493 9.1 8.0 +388 Service Workers

Clerical and Administrative 3,272 17.8 16.2 3,008 18.3 16.7 +264 Workers

Sales Workers 1,822 9.9 9.0 1,649 10.0 9.5 +173

Machinery Operators And 1,446 7.9 5.7 1,581 9.6 6.0 -135 Drivers

Labourers 1,596 8.7 7.3 1,906 11.6 8.1 -310

Inadequately described 373 2.0 2.0 423 2.6 2.1 -50

Total employed persons 18,401 100.0 100.0 16,441 100.0 100.0 +1,960 aged 15+

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 72 of 198 Occupation of employment, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 73 of 198 Dominant groups An analysis of the jobs held by the resident population in City of Botany Bay in 2011 shows the three most popular occupations were: Professionals (3,602 people or 19.6%) Clerical and Administrative Workers (3,272 people or 17.8%) Technicians and Trades Workers (2,380 people or 12.9%) In combination these three occupations accounted for 9,254 people in total or 50.3% of the employed resident population. In comparison, Greater Sydney employed 25.5% in Professionals; 16.2% in Clerical and Administrative Workers; and 12.2% in Technicians and Trades Workers. The major differences between the jobs held by the population of the City of Botany Bay and Greater Sydney were: A larger percentage of persons employed as Machinery Operators And Drivers (7.9% compared to 5.7%) A larger percentage of persons employed as Clerical and Administrative Workers (17.8% compared to 16.2%) A larger percentage of persons employed as Community and Personal Service Workers (10.2% compared to 8.8%) A larger percentage of persons employed as Labourers (8.7% compared to 7.3%) Emerging groups The number of employed people in City of Botany Bay increased by 1,960 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in the occupations of residents between 2006 and 2011 in the City of Botany Bay were for those employed as: Professionals (+992 persons) Managers (+548 persons) Community and Personal Service Workers (+388 persons) Labourers (-310 persons)

Page 74 of 198 Method of travel to work The City of Botany Bay's commuting statistics reveal the main modes of transport by which residents get to work. There are a number of reasons why people use different modes of transport to get to work including the availability of affordable and effective public transport options, the number of motor vehicles available within a household, and the distance travelled to work. Commuting data is very useful in transport planning as it informs decision-makers about the availability, effectiveness and utilisation of local transport options, particularly when analysed with Residents Place of Work data and Car Ownership.

Method of travel to work

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Main method of travel Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Train 1,306 7.0 13.8 631 3.8 12.3 +675

Bus 2,727 14.6 5.8 2,791 16.7 5.4 -64

Tram or Ferry 0 0.0 0.4 3 0.0 0.4 -3

Taxi 70 0.4 0.3 88 0.5 0.3 -18

Car - as driver 9,582 51.3 53.8 8,494 50.8 53.7 +1,088

Car - as passenger 1,000 5.4 4.5 1,140 6.8 5.3 -140

Truck 137 0.7 1.1 153 0.9 1.3 -16

Motorbike 171 0.9 0.6 91 0.5 0.5 +80

Bicycle 250 1.3 0.8 201 1.2 0.6 +49

Walked only 1,013 5.4 4.1 948 5.7 4.2 +65

Other 189 1.0 1.0 156 0.9 0.9 +33

Worked at home 419 2.2 4.0 343 2.1 3.9 +76

Did not go to work 1,514 8.1 8.5 1,300 7.8 9.5 +214

Not stated 301 1.6 1.5 371 2.2 1.9 -70

Total employed persons 18,679 100.0 100.0 16,710 100.0 100.0 +1,969 aged 15+

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 75 of 198 Method of travel to work, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 76 of 198 Dominant groups In 2011, there were 4,033 people who caught public transport to work (train, bus, tram or ferry) in City of Botany Bay, compared with 10,890 who drove in private vehicles (car – as driver, car – as passenger, motorbike, or truck). Analysis of the method of travel to work of the residents in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that 21.6% used public transport, while 58.3% used a private vehicle, compared with 20.0% and 60.0% respectively in Greater Sydney. The major differences between the method of travel to work of the City of Botany Bay and Greater Sydney were: A larger percentage of persons who travelled by bus (14.6% compared to 5.8%) A larger percentage of persons who walked only (5.4% compared to 4.1%) A smaller percentage of persons who travelled by train (7.0% compared to 13.8%) A smaller percentage of persons who travelled by car (as driver) (51.3% compared to 53.8%) Emerging groups The number of employed people in City of Botany Bay increased by 1,969 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in the method of travel to work by resident population in the City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011 were for those nominated: Car - as driver (+1,088 persons) Train (+675 persons) Did not go to work (+214 persons) Car - as passenger (-140 persons)

Page 77 of 198 Households summary Households summary

Households with children Households with children by life stage

Households without children Households without children by life stage

Household size How many people live in each household?

Tenure overview Are we owners, renters or buyers?

Housing loan repayments Monthly housing loan repayments

Housing loan quartiles Housing loan quartiles

Housing rental payments Weekly housing rental

Housing rental quartiles Housing rental quartiles

Dwelling type What type of dwellings do we live in?

Number of bedrooms How many bedrooms do our dwellings have?

Internet connection What type of internet connection do we have?

Page 78 of 198 Number of cars How many cars do we own?

Page 79 of 198 Households summary The City of Botany Bay's household and family structure is one of the most important demographic indicators. It reveals the area's residential role and function, era of settlement and provides key insights into the level of demand for services and facilities as most are related to age and household types. To continue building the story, the City of Botany Bay's Household Summary should be viewed in conjunction with Households with Children, Households without Children, Household Size, Age Structure and Dwelling Type.

Household types

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Households by type Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Couples with children 4,929 33.1 34.8 4,556 32.9 34.1 +373

Couples without children 3,009 20.2 22.6 2,730 19.7 22.0 +279

One parent families 1,742 11.7 10.8 1,681 12.1 10.6 +61

Other families 294 2.0 1.4 264 1.9 1.4 +30

Group household 682 4.6 4.1 561 4.1 3.9 +121

Lone person 3,459 23.2 21.5 3,356 24.2 21.6 +103

Other not classifiable 647 4.3 4.1 594 4.3 5.6 +53 household

Visitor only households 122 0.8 0.9 102 0.7 0.8 +20

Total households 14,884 100.0 100.0 13,844 100.0 100.0 +1,040

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Household types, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 80 of 198 Change in household types, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the household/family types in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a lower proportion of couple families with child(ren) as well as a higher proportion of one-parent families. Overall, 33.1% of total families were couple families with child(ren), and 11.7% were one-parent families, compared with 34.8% and 10.8% respectively for Greater Sydney. There were a higher proportion of lone person households and a lower proportion of couples without children. Overall, the proportion of lone person households was 23.2% compared to 21.5% in Greater Sydney while the proportion of couples without children was 20.2% compared to 22.6% in Greater Sydney. Emerging groups The number of households in City of Botany Bay increased by 1,040 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in family/household types in the City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011 were: Couples with children (+373 households) Couples without children (+279 households) Group household (+121 households) Lone person (+103 households)

Page 81 of 198 Households with children Households with Children require different services and facilities than other household types, and their needs change as both adults and children age. When many families in an area are at the same stage in their individual lifecycles, it creates a suburb lifecycle. Knowing where a suburb is in a cycle of change helps planners make evidence-based decisions about the demand for services both now and in the future. For Households with Children in the City of Botany Bay, life stage is based on the age of children in the household. The age of the parent(s) is not taken into account. Young children: Children aged under 15 only Mixed age children: One or more children under 15 and one or more children over 15 (must have 2 or more children) Older children: Children aged 15 and over only To continue building the story, the City of Botany Bay's Household data should be viewed in conjunction with Household Size, Age Structure and Dwelling Type.

Households with children by life stage

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Households with children Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Couples with children 4,929 33.1 34.8 4,556 32.9 34.1 +373

Couples with young 2,658 17.9 18.3 2,358 17.0 17.7 +300 children

Couples with mixed-age 637 4.3 4.9 617 4.5 5.1 +20 children

Couples with older 1,634 11.0 11.6 1,581 11.4 11.3 +53 children

Single parents with children 1,742 11.7 10.8 1,681 12.1 10.6 +61

Single parents with young 567 3.8 3.7 569 4.1 4.0 -2 children

Single parents with mixed- 160 1.1 1.3 177 1.3 1.3 -17 age children

Single parents with older 1,015 6.8 5.8 935 6.8 5.3 +80 children

Total households with 6,671 44.8 45.6 6,237 45.1 44.7 +434 children

Total households 14,884 100.0 100.0 13,844 100.0 100.0 +1,040

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 82 of 198 Households with children, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 83 of 198 Dominant groups Analysis of the families with children in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a similar proportion of couples with young children, and a smaller proportion of couples with older children. Overall, 17.9% of total households with children were couple with young children, and 11.0% were couples with older children, compared with 18.3% and 11.6% respectively for Greater Sydney. There were a similar proportion of single parent households with young children and a larger proportion of single parent households with older children. Overall, the proportion of single parent households with young children was 3.8% compared to 3.7% in Greater Sydney while the proportion of single parent households with older children was 6.8% compared to 5.8% in Greater Sydney. Emerging groups Between 2006 and 2011, the number of households with children increased by 434 households or 7.0%. The largest changes in households with children in this area between 2006 and 2011 were: Couples with young children (+300 households) Single parents with older children (+80 households) Couples with older children (+53 households)

Page 84 of 198 Households without children Households without Children include couples without children and lone person households. They require different services depending on the age of the people in the households. For example young couples who have not had children (yet) compared to older "empty nester" couples whose children may have left home. For Households without Children in the City of Botany Bay, life stage is based on the age of the household reference person (usually person 1 on the Census form): Young: Aged 15-44 Middle-aged: Aged 45-64 Older: Aged 65 and over To continue building the story, the City of Botany Bay's Household data should be viewed in conjunction with Household Size, Age Structure and Dwelling Type.

Households without children by life stage

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Households without Greater Greater children Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Couples without children 3,009 20.2 22.6 2,730 19.7 22.0 +279

Young couples without 1,212 8.1 8.1 1,002 7.2 7.9 +210 children

Middle-aged couples 803 5.4 6.9 785 5.7 7.1 +18 without children

Older couples without 994 6.7 7.6 943 6.8 7.0 +51 children

Lone person households 3,459 23.2 21.5 3,356 24.2 21.6 +103

Young lone persons 911 6.1 6.5 837 6.0 7.0 +74

Middle-aged lone persons 1,094 7.4 6.9 1,127 8.1 6.7 -33

Older lone persons 1,454 9.8 8.0 1,392 10.1 7.9 +62

Group households 682 4.6 4.1 561 4.1 3.9 +121

Total households without 7,150 48.0 48.1 6,647 48.0 47.5 +503 children

Total households 14,884 100.0 100.0 13,844 100.0 100.0 +1,040

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 85 of 198 Households without children, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 86 of 198 Dominant groups Analysis of the households without children in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a similar proportion of young couples without children, a smaller proportion of middle-aged couples without children, and a smaller proportion of older couples without children. In addition, there were a similar proportion of young lone person households, a similar proportion of middle-aged lone person households, and a larger proportion of older lone person households. Emerging groups Between 2006 and 2011, the number of households without children increased by 503. The largest changes in households without children in the City of Botany Bay, between 2006 and 2011 were: Young couples without children (+210 persons) Group households (+121 persons) Young lone persons (+74 persons) Older lone persons (+62 persons)

Page 87 of 198 Household size The size of households in general follows the life-cycle of families. Households are usually small at the stage of relationship formation (early marriage), and then increase in size with the advent of children. They later reduce in size again as these children reach adulthood and leave home. Household size can also be influenced by a lack (or abundance) of affordable housing. Overseas migrants and indigenous persons often have a tradition of living with extended family members which significantly affects household size. Household size in Australia has declined since the 1970s but between 2006 and 2011, the average household size remained stable for the nation as a whole. An increasing household size in an area may indicate a lack of affordable housing opportunities for young people, an increase in the birth rate or an increase in family formation in the area. A declining household size may indicate children leaving the area when they leave home, an increase in retirees settling in the area, or an attraction of young singles and couples to the area. For greater insight, the City of Botany Bay's Household Size data should be viewed in conjunction with Household Summary, Age Structure, Dwelling Type, Household Income and Language Spoken at Home.

Household size

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Number of persons usually Greater Greater resident Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 1 person 3,466 24.5 22.6 3,351 25.5 23.1 +115

2 persons 4,181 29.6 30.7 3,883 29.5 31.2 +298

3 persons 2,639 18.7 17.2 2,491 19.0 16.9 +148

4 persons 2,457 17.4 17.5 2,189 16.7 17.2 +268

5 persons 941 6.7 7.8 858 6.5 7.8 +83

6 or more persons 437 3.1 4.2 372 2.8 3.9 +65

Total classifiable households 14,121 100.0 100.0 13,144 100.0 100.0 +977

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 88 of 198 Household size, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 89 of 198 Dominant groups Analysis of the number of persons usually resident in a household in the City of Botany Bay compared with Greater Sydney shows that there were a higher proportion of lone person households, and a lower proportion of larger households (those with 4 persons or more). Overall there were 24.5% of lone person households, and 27.2% of larger households, compared with 22.6% and 29.5% respectively for Greater Sydney. The major differences in the household size for the City of Botany Bay and Greater Sydney were: A larger percentage of households with 1 person usually resident (24.5% compared to 22.6%) A larger percentage of households with 3 persons usually resident (18.7% compared to 17.2%) A smaller percentage of households with 2 persons usually resident (29.6% compared to 30.7%) A smaller percentage of households with 5 persons usually resident (6.7% compared to 7.8%) Emerging groups The number of households in City of Botany Bay increased by 977 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in the number of persons usually resident in a household in the City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011 were: 2 persons (+298 households) 4 persons (+268 households) 3 persons (+148 households) 1 person (+115 households)

Page 90 of 198 Number of bedrooms per dwelling The Number of Bedrooms in a dwelling is an indicator of the size of dwellings, and when combined with dwelling type information, provides insight into the role the City of Botany Bay plays in the housing market. For example, an area of high density dwellings that are predominantly 1-2 bedroom are likely to attract students, single workers and young couples, whereas a high density area with dwellings that are predominantly 2-3 bedroom may attract more empty nesters and some families. In combination with Household type and Household size, the Number of Bedrooms can also indicate issues around housing affordability, overcrowding and other socio-economic factors.

Number of bedrooms per dwelling

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Number of bedrooms Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 0 or 1 bedrooms 1,258 8.5 7.3 1,064 7.7 6.6 +194

2 bedrooms 5,760 38.7 23.9 5,319 38.4 23.4 +441

3 bedrooms 5,006 33.6 35.2 4,852 35.1 36.3 +154

4 bedrooms 1,410 9.5 21.5 1,241 9.0 20.5 +169

5 bedrooms or more 485 3.3 6.2 385 2.8 5.6 +100

Not stated 965 6.5 5.9 982 7.1 7.7 -17

Total households 14,884 100.0 100.0 13,843 100.0 100.0 +1,041

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Number of bedrooms per dwelling, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 91 of 198 Change in number of bedrooms per dwelling, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the number of bedrooms in dwellings in City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a higher proportion of dwellings with 1 and 2 bedrooms, and a lower proportion of dwellings with 4 or more bedrooms. Overall, 47.2% of households were in 1-2 bedroom dwellings, and 12.7% of 4-plus bedroom dwellings, compared with 31.2% and 27.7% for Greater Sydney respectively. The major differences between the number of bedrooms per dwelling of the City of Botany Bay and Greater Sydney were: A larger percentage of 2 bedroom dwellings (38.7% compared to 23.9%) A larger percentage of dwellings with no bedrooms (includes bedsitters) (8.5% compared to 7.3%) A smaller percentage of 4 bedroom dwellings (9.5% compared to 21.5%) A smaller percentage of 5 or more bedroom dwellings (3.3% compared to 6.2%) Emerging groups The largest changes in the number of bedrooms per dwelling in the City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011 were: 2 bedrooms (+441 dwellings) 0 or 1 bedrooms (+194 dwellings) 4 bedrooms (+169 dwellings) 3 bedrooms (+154 dwellings)

Page 92 of 198 Housing tenure The City of Botany Bay's Housing Tenure data provides insights into its socio-economic status as well as the role it plays in the housing market. For example, a high concentration of private renters may indicate a transient area attractive to young singles and couples, while a concentration of home owners indicates a more settled area with mature families and empty-nester Household Summary. Tenure can also reflect built form (Dwelling Type), with a significantly higher share of renters in high density housing and a substantially larger proportion of home-owners in separate houses, although this is not always the case. In conjunction with other socio-economic status indicators in the City of Botany Bay, Tenure data is useful for analysing housing markets, housing affordability and identifying public housing areas.

Housing tenure

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Tenure type Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Fully owned 3,996 26.8 29.1 4,001 28.9 30.1 -5

Mortgage 4,376 29.4 33.2 3,454 24.9 31.1 +922

Renting 5,376 36.1 30.4 5,237 37.8 29.7 +139

Renting - Social housing 1,503 10.1 5.0 1,445 10.4 5.0 +58

Renting - Private 3,792 25.5 25.0 3,654 26.4 24.0 +138

Renting - Not stated 81 0.5 0.5 138 1.0 0.6 -57

Other tenure type 83 0.6 0.8 67 0.5 0.7 +16

Not stated 1,053 7.1 6.5 1,086 7.8 8.4 -33

Total households 14,884 100.0 100.0 13,845 100.0 100.0 +1,039

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 93 of 198 Housing tenure, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 94 of 198 Dominant groups Analysis of the housing tenure of the population of the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a smaller proportion of households who owned their dwelling; a smaller proportion purchasing their dwelling; and a larger proportion who were renters. Overall, 26.8% of the population owned their dwelling; 29.4% were purchasing, and 36.1% were renting, compared with 29.1%, 33.2% and 30.4% respectively for Greater Sydney. Emerging groups The largest changes in housing tenure categories for the households in the City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011 were: Mortgage (+922 persons) Renting - Private (+138 persons) Renting - Social housing (+58 persons) Renting - Not stated (-57 persons) The total number of households in City of Botany Bay increased by 1,039 between 2006 and 2011.

Page 95 of 198 Housing loan repayments Mortgage repayments are directly related to house prices in the City of Botany Bay, length of occupancy and the level of equity of home owners. When viewed with Household Income data it may also indicate the level of housing stress households in the community are under. In mortgage belt areas it is expected that households will be paying a higher proportion of their income on their housing compared to well-established areas. First home buyer areas are also likely to have larger mortgages than upgrader areas where households move in with equity from elsewhere. Mortgage payment levels are not directly comparable over time because of inflation. For comparison of mortgage payments over time, go to Housing Loan Quartiles.

Monthly housing loan repayments

City of Botany Bay 2011

Greater Monthly repayment amount Number % Sydney Nil repayments 99 2.3 2.2

$1-$149 21 0.5 0.7

$150-$299 21 0.5 0.7

$300-$449 46 1.1 1.4

$450-$599 58 1.3 1.3

$600-$799 77 1.8 2.3

$800-$999 110 2.5 3.2

$1000-$1199 135 3.1 4.4

$1200-$1399 191 4.4 5.2

$1400-$1599 209 4.8 5.2

$1600-$1799 288 6.6 6.6

$1800-$1999 187 4.3 5.5

$2000-$2199 389 8.9 10.4

$2200-$2399 195 4.5 5.1

$2400-$2599 189 4.3 4.5

$2600-$2999 428 9.8 9.3

$3000-$3999 876 20.0 14.7

$4000-$4999 386 8.8 6.2

$5000 and over 207 4.7 5.9

Not stated 264 6.0 5.2

Total households with a mortgage 4,376 100.0 100.0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 96 of 198 Monthly housing loan repayments, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the monthly housing loan repayments of households in the City of Botany Bay compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a larger proportion of households paying high mortgage repayments ($2,600 per month or more), and a smaller proportion of households with low mortgage repayments (less than $1000 per month). Overall, 43.4% of households were paying high mortgage repayments, and 9.9% were paying low repayments, compared with 36.0% and 11.9% respectively in Greater Sydney. The major differences between the household loan repayments of the City of Botany Bay and Greater Sydney were: A larger percentage of $3000-$3999 (20.0% compared to 14.7%) A larger percentage of $4000-$4999 (8.8% compared to 6.2%) A smaller percentage of $2000-$2199 (8.9% compared to 10.4%) A smaller percentage of $1000-$1199 (3.1% compared to 4.4%)

Page 97 of 198 Housing loan quartiles Mortgage repayments in the City of Botany Bay are directly related to house prices, length of occupancy and the level of equity of home owners. When viewed with Household Income data it may also indicate the level of housing stress in the community. The quartile method is the most objective method of comparing change in the mortgage payment profile of a community over time. A detailed explanation of how Housing Loan Repayment quartiles are calculated and interpreted is available in specific data notes.

Housing loan repayment quartiles

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Quartile group Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Lowest group 630 15.3 19.0 473 14.9 17.9 +157

Medium lowest 807 19.6 21.8 625 19.8 21.7 +182

Medium highest 1,048 25.5 27.3 894 28.3 27.9 +153

Highest group 1,625 39.5 31.8 1,172 37.0 32.5 +453

Total households with a 4,112 100.0 100.0 3,166 100.0 100.0 +946 mortgage

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Quartile group dollar ranges (Housing loan repayments)

Calculated from loan repayment data for New South Wales Monthly housing loan repayments by Census year

Housing loan repayment ranges 2011 2006 2001 1996 Lowest group $0 to $1,266 $0 to $993 $0 to $723 $0 to $605

Medium lowest $1,267 to $1,995 $994 to $1,557 $724 to $1,069 $606 to $905

Medium highest $1,996 to $2,853 $1,558 to $2,416 $1,070 to $1,550 $906 to $1,268

Highest group $2,854 and over $2,417 and over $1,551 and over $1,269 and over

Page 98 of 198 Housing loan repayment quartiles, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Housing loan repayment quartiles allow us to compare relative repayment liabilities across time. Analysis of the distribution of households by housing loan repayment quartiles in the City of Botany Bay compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a larger proportion of households in the highest repayment quartile, and a smaller proportion in the lowest repayment quartile.

Page 99 of 198 Emerging groups The total number of households with a mortgage in the City of Botany Bay increased by 946 between 2006 and 2011. The most significant change in the City of Botany Bay during this period was in the highest quartile which showed an increase of 453 households.

Page 100 of 198 Housing rental payments Rental payments can be a better measure of the cost of housing in the City of Botany Bay than mortgage repayments because they are not contingent on length of occupancy or equity in the dwelling. High rental payments may indicate desirable areas with mobile populations who prefer to rent, or a housing shortage, or gentrification. Low rental payments may indicate public housing (check Tenure Type), or areas where low income households move by necessity for a lower cost of living. Rental payments are not directly comparable over time because of inflation. For comparison of rental payments over time, go to Housing Rental Quartiles.

Weekly housing rental payments

City of Botany Bay 2011

Greater Weekly rental amount Number % Sydney Nil 117 2.2 2.4

$1 - $74 189 3.5 2.0

$75 - $99 546 10.2 4.5

$100 - $124 131 2.4 1.9

$125 - $149 186 3.5 2.5

$150 - $174 152 2.8 2.5

$175 - $199 90 1.7 2.0

$200 - $224 109 2.0 3.5

$225 - $249 88 1.6 2.4

$250 - $274 203 3.8 4.8

$275 - $299 182 3.4 4.0

$300 - $324 421 7.8 7.8

$325 - $349 277 5.2 4.5

$350 - $374 477 8.9 7.8

$375 - $399 239 4.4 4.6

$400 - $424 308 5.7 6.9

$425 - $449 122 2.3 3.0

$450 - $549 513 9.5 13.2

$550 - $649 542 10.1 7.1

$650 - $749 157 2.9 3.7

$750 - $849 63 1.2 2.1

$850 - $949 23 0.4 1.1

$950+ 23 0.4 2.2

Rent Not stated 216 4.0 3.6

Total households renting 5,374 100.0 100.0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 101 of 198 Weekly housing rental payments, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the weekly housing rental payments of households in the City of Botany Bay compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a smaller proportion of households paying high rental payments ($400 per week or more), and a larger proportion of households with low rental payments (less than $150 per week). Overall, 32.6% of households were paying high rental payments, and 21.8% were paying low payments, compared with 39.3% and 13.3% respectively in Greater Sydney. The major differences between the housing rental payments of the City of Botany Bay and Greater Sydney were: A larger percentage of $75 - $99 (10.2% compared to 4.5%) A larger percentage of $550 - $649 (10.1% compared to 7.1%) A larger percentage of $1 - $74 (3.5% compared to 2.0%) A larger percentage of $350 - $374 (8.9% compared to 7.8%)

Page 102 of 198 Housing rental quartiles Rental payments in the City of Botany Bay are indicative of its residential role and function and are directly related to the value of residential property. When viewed with Household Income data they may also indicate the level of 'housing stress' in the community. The quartile method is the most objective method of comparing change in the rental costs of a community over time. A detailed explanation of how Housing Rental Payment quartiles are calculated and interpreted is available in specific data notes.

Housing rental payment quartiles

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Quartile group Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Lowest group 1,363 26.4 17.4 1,251 24.8 17.6 +113

Medium lowest 743 14.4 18.4 1,033 20.5 19.9 -290

Medium highest 1,530 29.7 28.8 1,439 28.6 28.2 +91

Highest group 1,519 29.5 35.4 1,314 26.1 34.3 +205

Total households renting 5,158 100.0 100.0 5,039 100.0 100.0 +119

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Quartile group dollar ranges (Housing rental payments)

Calculated from rental payment data for New South Wales Weekly housing rental payments by Census year

Rental payment ranges 2011 2006 2001 Lowest group $0 to $186 $0 to $140 $0 to $114

Medium lowest $187 to $306 $141 to $214 $115 to $179

Medium highest $307 to $418 $215 to $301 $180 to $259

Highest group $419 and over $302 and over $260 and over

Page 103 of 198 Housing rental payment quartiles for 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Rental payment quartiles allow us to compare relative rental liabilities across time. Analysis of the distribution of households by rental payment quartiles in the City of Botany Bay compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a smaller proportion of households in the highest payment quartile, and a larger proportion in the lowest payment quartile.

Page 104 of 198 Emerging groups The total number of households renting their dwelling in City of Botany Bay increased by 119 between 2006 and 2011. The most significant change during this period was in the medium lowest quartile which showed a slight decrease of -290 households.

Page 105 of 198 Internet connection A fast Internet Connection is increasingly required for accessing essential information and undertaking domestic and non-domestic business. Households with dial-up or no internet service are being left behind in the digital divide' as both government and the private sector are increasingly conducting their business, or aspects of it, on-line. Internet connectivity in the City of Botany Bay can be affected by availability of connection, Education, Household Income and Age Structure.

Type of internet connection

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Connection type Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Total internet connection 10,522 70.7 76.5 7,529 54.4 62.1 +2,993

Broadband connection 9,675 65.0 70.6 5,303 38.3 45.0 +4,372

Dial-up connection 376 2.5 2.4 2,111 15.2 16.5 -1,735

Other connection 471 3.2 3.4 115 0.8 0.7 +356

No internet connection 3,111 20.9 15.9 5,080 36.7 29.0 -1,969

Not stated 1,251 8.4 7.6 1,234 8.9 8.9 +17

Total households 14,884 100.0 100.0 13,843 100.0 100.0 +1,041

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Type of internet connection, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 106 of 198 Change in type of internet connection, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the type of internet connection of households in the City of Botany Bay compared to Greater Sydney shows that there was a higher proportion of households with either no internet connection or a dial up connection, and a lower proportion of households with broadband connectivity. Overall 23.4% of households had no internet connection or a dial up connection, and 65.0% had broadband connectivity, compared with 18.3% and 70.6% respectively in Greater Sydney. Emerging groups Between 2006 and 2011 the number of households with an internet connection increased by 2,993. The largest changes in the internet connectivity in the City of Botany Bay, between 2006 and 2011 were: Broadband connection (+4,372 households) Total internet connection (+2,993 households) No internet connection (-1,969 households)

Page 107 of 198 Number of cars per household The ability of the population to access services and employment is strongly influenced by access to transport. The number of motor vehicles per household in the City of Botany Bay quantifies access to private transport and will be influenced by Age Structure and Household Type, which determine the number of adults present; access to Public Transport; distance to shops, services, employment and education; and Household Income. Depending on these factors, car ownership can be seen as a measure of advantage or disadvantage, or a neutral socio-economic measure, which impacts on the environment and quality of life.

Car ownership

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Number of cars Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 No motor vehicles 2,468 16.6 11.8 2,688 19.4 12.6 -220

1 motor vehicle 5,983 40.2 36.8 5,563 40.2 36.4 +420

2 motor vehicles 4,018 27.0 31.4 3,361 24.3 30.2 +657

3 or more motor vehicles 1,208 8.1 13.0 971 7.0 11.5 +237

Not stated 1,209 8.1 7.1 1,259 9.1 9.3 -50

Total households 14,886 100.0 100.0 13,842 100.0 100.0 +1,044

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Car ownership, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 108 of 198 Change in car ownership, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the car ownership of the households in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Greater Sydney shows that 75.3% of the households owned at least one car, while 16.6% did not, compared with 81.2% and 11.8% respectively in Greater Sydney. Of those that owned at least one vehicle, there was a larger proportion who owned just one car; a smaller proportion who owned two cars; and a smaller proportion who owned three cars or more. Overall, 40.2% of the households owned one car; 27.0% owned two cars; and 8.1% owned three cars or more, compared with 36.8%; 31.4% and 13.0% respectively for Greater Sydney. Emerging groups The largest changes in the household car ownership in the City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011 were: 2 motor vehicles (+657 households) 1 motor vehicle (+420 households) 3 or more motor vehicles (+237 households) No motor vehicles (-220 households)

Page 109 of 198 Dwelling type Dwelling Type is an important determinant of the City of Botany Bay's residential role and function. A greater concentration of higher density dwellings is likely to attract more young adults and smaller households, often renting. Larger, detached or separate dwellings are more likely to attract families and prospective families. The residential built form often reflects market opportunities or planning policy, such as building denser forms of housing around public transport nodes or employment centres. Dwelling Type statistics should be viewed in conjunction with Household size, Household Types, Housing Tenure and Age Structure for a more complete picture of the housing market in the City of Botany Bay.

Dwelling structure

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Dwelling type Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Separate house 6,037 38.6 58.9 5,995 40.7 60.9 +42

Medium density 3,338 21.3 19.7 3,245 22.0 19.1 +93

High density 6,160 39.4 20.7 5,363 36.4 19.2 +797

Caravans, cabin, houseboat 0 0.0 0.2 3 0.0 0.3 -3

Other 86 0.5 0.4 107 0.7 0.4 -21

Not stated 32 0.2 0.1 8 0.1 0.1 +24

Total Private Dwellings 15,653 100.0 100.0 14,721 100.0 100.0 +932

Dwelling type

City of Botany Bay 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Dwelling type Number % Sydney Number % Sydney 2006 to 2011 Occupied private dwellings 14,885 94.9 92.9 13,843 93.9 92.4 +1,042

Unoccupied private 769 4.9 6.9 878 6.0 7.4 -109 dwellings

Non private dwellings 33 0.2 0.2 29 0.2 0.2 +4

Total Dwellings 15,687 100.0 100.0 14,750 100.0 100.0 +937

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 110 of 198 Dwelling structure, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 111 of 198 Dominant groups In 2011, there were 6,037 separate houses in the area, 3,338 medium density dwellings, and 6,160 high density dwellings. Analysis of the types of dwellings in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 shows that 38.6% of all dwellings were separate houses; 21.3% were medium density dwellings, and 39.4% were high density dwellings, compared with 58.9%, 19.7%, and 20.7% in the Greater Sydney respectively. In 2011, a total of 94.9% of the dwellings in the City of Botany Bay were occupied on Census night, compared to 92.9% in Greater Sydney. The proportion of unoccupied dwellings was 4.9%, which is smaller compared to that found in Greater Sydney (6.9%). Emerging groups The total number of dwellings in the City of Botany Bay increased by 937 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in the type of dwellings found in the City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011 were: High density (+797 dwellings) Medium density (+93 dwellings)

Page 112 of 198 SEIFA - disadvantage The City of Botany Bay SEIFA Index of Disadvantage measures the relative level of socio-economic disadvantage based on a range of Census characteristics. It is a good place to start to get a general view of the relative level of disadvantage in one area compared to others and is used to advocate for an area based on its level of disadvantage. The index is derived from attributes that reflect disadvantage such as low income, low educational attainment, high unemployment, and jobs in relatively unskilled occupations. When targeting services to disadvantaged communities, it is important to also look at these underlying characteristics as they can differ markedly between areas with similar SEIFA scores and shed light on the type of disadvantage being experienced. A higher score on the index means a lower level of disadvantage. A lower score on the index means a higher level of disadvantage.

SEIFA by Local Government Area SEIFA by small areas

Index of relative socio-economic disadvantage

Local Government Areas in New South Wales

Local Government Area 2011 index Ku-ring-gai (A) 1,120.7

Mosman (A) 1,110.7

Woollahra (A) 1,107.0

Lane Cove (A) 1,106.9

North Sydney (A) 1,104.8

The Hills Shire (A) 1,101.1

Manly (A) 1,099.4

Pittwater (A) 1,094.4

Hunters Hill (A) 1,092.2

Hornsby (A) 1,085.2

Willoughby (C) 1,083.5

Palerang (A) 1,081.7

Waverley (A) 1,079.6

Leichhardt (A) 1,078.9

Warringah (A) 1,077.3

Sutherland Shire (A) 1,074.6

Canada Bay (A) 1,067.0

Yass Valley (A) 1,060.6

Kiama (A) 1,054.6

Ryde (C) 1,050.4

Snowy River (A) 1,050.0

Camden (A) 1,047.1

Queanbeyan (C) 1,045.7

Randwick (C) 1,042.7

Conargo (A) 1,040.1

Blue Mountains (C) 1,038.6

Kogarah (C) 1,036.2

Wollondilly (A) 1,033.6

Wingecarribee (A) 1,023.8

Strathfield (A) 1,022.1

Unincorporated NSW 1,021.8 Page 113 of 198 Index of relative socio-economic disadvantage

Local Government Areas in New South Wales

Local Government Area 2011 index Marrickville (A) 1,021.6

Hawkesbury (C) 1,020.3

Sydney (C) 1,019.9

Ashfield (A) 1,015.4

Singleton (A) 1,013.0

Hurstville (C) 1,006.9

Upper Lachlan Shire (A) 1,006.3

Gosford (C) 1,006.3

Cabonne (A) 1,000.3

Lockhart (A) 999.3

Jerilderie (A) 997.6

Wagga Wagga (C) 997.6

Penrith (C) 996.3

Burwood (A) 996.1

Lake Macquarie (C) 994.8

Newcastle (C) 993.9

Maitland (C) 992.8

Rockdale (C) 991.2

Bathurst Regional (A) 991.0

Cooma-Monaro (A) 990.6

Greater Hume Shire (A) 989.3

Ballina (A) 988.7

Dungog (A) 988.5

Murray (A) 987.7

Armidale Dumaresq (A) 986.9

Uralla (A) 984.7

Parramatta (C) 983.7

Blayney (A) 982.2

Upper Hunter Shire (A) 981.5

Port Stephens (A) 979.9

Wollongong (C) 979.6

Albury (C) 978.6

Dubbo (C) 977.0

Orange (C) 977.0

Byron (A) 976.6

Oberon (A) 975.9

Wakool (A) 975.7

Botany Bay (C) 975.7

Coolamon (A) 975.1

Bland (A) 974.5

Walcha (A) 973.9

Port Macquarie-Hastings (A) 968.9

Carrathool (A) 968.8 Page 114 of 198 Index of relative socio-economic disadvantage

Local Government Areas in New South Wales

Local Government Area 2011 index Bega Valley (A) 968.7

Shellharbour (C) 968.6

Blacktown (C) 968.5

Muswellbrook (A) 968.2

Corowa Shire (A) 967.8

Holroyd (C) 965.6

Boorowa (A) 963.8

Griffith (C) 963.7

Gundagai (A) 961.6

Mid-Western Regional (A) 961.5

Tamworth Regional (A) 959.9

Tweed (A) 958.5

Coffs Harbour (C) 958.4

Wentworth (A) 957.4

Cobar (A) 956.7

Eurobodalla (A) 955.8

Temora (A) 955.6

Shoalhaven (C) 954.6

Leeton (A) 954.5

Tumbarumba (A) 954.3

Berrigan (A) 954.1

Narrabri (A) 953.4

Lismore (C) 952.7

Bombala (A) 952.5

Wyong (A) 951.7

Goulburn Mulwaree (A) 951.4

Tumut Shire (A) 951.3

Gloucester (A) 951.0

Liverpool (C) 951.0

Bellingen (A) 950.1

Young (A) 947.3

Forbes (A) 946.8

Gunnedah (A) 946.7

Balranald (A) 946.2

Bogan (A) 946.1

Weddin (A) 945.0

Campbelltown (C) 944.8

Parkes (A) 943.5

Harden (A) 941.9

Junee (A) 941.7

Deniliquin (A) 941.6

Cootamundra (A) 941.5

Warren (A) 941.2

Page 115 of 198 Index of relative socio-economic disadvantage

Local Government Areas in New South Wales

Local Government Area 2011 index Gwydir (A) 939.9

Lachlan (A) 938.1

Urana (A) 937.1

Cessnock (C) 936.4

Bourke (A) 932.6

Great Lakes (A) 932.3

Bankstown (C) 931.7

Guyra (A) 931.0

Murrumbidgee (A) 928.3

Cowra (A) 928.0

Hay (A) 927.0

Narromine (A) 926.6

Narrandera (A) 925.2

Lithgow (C) 924.2

Canterbury (C) 922.0

Glen Innes Severn (A) 921.8

Inverell (A) 921.4

Liverpool Plains (A) 921.3

Clarence Valley (A) 919.4

Auburn (C) 916.7

Tenterfield (A) 915.4

Moree Plains (A) 915.1

Greater Taree (C) 913.7

Warrumbungle Shire (A) 911.3

Gilgandra (A) 910.6

Kyogle (A) 907.1

Nambucca (A) 900.0

Broken Hill (C) 899.6

Richmond Valley (A) 899.5

Wellington (A) 893.2

Kempsey (A) 879.7

Coonamble (A) 879.6

Walgett (A) 856.2

Fairfield (C) 854.0

Central Darling (A) 824.4

Brewarrina (A) 788.4

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 116 of 198 Workers' place of residence Where does the City of Botany Bay's workforce come from? Journey to Work data sheds light on how many workers live locally, how many commute from other areas and which areas they commute from. Some areas attract a large external workforce because they have major employment centres or because local residents have a different set of skills or aspirations than the local jobs require. Understanding where workers reside assists in planning and advocacy for roads and public transport provision. It also helps to clarify economic and employment drivers across areas and assists in understanding the degree to which the City of Botany Bay provides local employment.

Overview

Residential location of workers, 2011 Residential location of workers

City of Botany Bay 2011

Number % Live and work in the area 4,307 9.6

Live and work in the same SLA 4,307 9.6

Live in area and work in Different SLA 0 0.0

Work in the area, but live outside 40,332 90.4

Total workers in the area 44,639 100.0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Detailed breakdown by SLA

Page 117 of 198 Residential locations of workers by SLA, 2011 Residential location of workers by SLA

Total area 2011 Legend Number % City of Botany Bay Randwick (C) 4,390 9.8

Number of workers Botany Bay (C) 4,307 9.6

11 to 257 people Rockdale (C) 3,493 7.8

257 to 858 people Sutherland Shire (A) - East 2,853 6.4

858 to 1,944 people Sutherland Shire (A) - West 2,475 5.5 1,944 to 3,493 people Canterbury (C) 1,944 4.4 3,493 to 4,390 people Hurstville (C) 1,571 3.5 Kogarah (C) 1,351 3.0

Sydney (C) - South 1,296 2.9

Marrickville (A) 1,077 2.4

Liverpool (C) - East 858 1.9

Waverley (A) 806 1.8

Bankstown (C) - South 798 1.8

Warringah (A) 692 1.6

Campbelltown (C) - North 622 1.4

Sydney (C) - East 601 1.3

Woollahra (A) 528 1.2

Liverpool (C) - West 518 1.2

Leichhardt (A) 499 1.1

Ryde (C) 454 1.0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011. NOTE: Table totals may not equate with other similar tables due to randomisation of small numbers. Please refer to the specific data notes for more information.

Page 118 of 198 Residents' place of work Where do the City of Botany Bay's residents go to work? Journey to Work data shows how many residents work locally, and how many commute out of the area and where they commute to. Some areas consist mainly of dormitory' suburbs and the majority of the residents commute out to work. Other areas have large employment centres which attract a local workforce. Understanding where the City of Botany Bay's residents go to work assists in planning and advocacy for roads and public transport provision. It also helps to clarify the economic and employment drivers across areas and assists in understanding the degree of employment self-containment within the City of Botany Bay.

Overview

Employment location of residents 2011 Employment location of residents

City of Botany Bay 2011

Number % Live and work in the area 4,307 23.4

Live and work in the same SLA 4,307 23.4

Live in the area and work in different 0 0.0 SLA

Live in the area, but work outside 11,840 64.4

Work location unknown 2,250 12.2

Total employed residents 18,397 100.0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) population experts. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Detailed breakdown by SLA

Page 119 of 198 Employment locations of residents by SLA, Employment location of residents by SLA

Total area 2011 Legend Number % City of Botany Bay Botany Bay (C) 4,307 23.4

Number of residents Randwick (C) 2,672 14.5

14 to 276 people Sydney (C) - Inner 2,214 12.0

276 to 780 people Sydney (C) - South 1,667 9.1

780 to 1,667 people POW State/Territory undefined 780 4.2 1,667 to 2,672 people (NSW) Sydney (C) - East 767 4.2 2,672 to 4,307 people POW No Fixed Address (NSW) 623 3.4

POW not stated 560 3.0

Sydney (C) - West 493 2.7

Waverley (A) 462 2.5

North Sydney (A) 367 2.0

Rockdale (C) 331 1.8

Marrickville (A) 276 1.5

Woollahra (A) 271 1.5

POW Capital city undefined 264 1.4 (Greater Sydney)

Ryde (C) 195 1.1

Willoughby (C) 191 1.0

Auburn (C) 149 0.8

Parramatta (C) - Inner 121 0.7

Sutherland Shire (A) - East 120 0.7

Page 120 of 198 Migration summary Migration, or residential mobility, together with births and deaths are significant components of population change in Australia. The movement of people into, and out of an area directly influences the characteristics of the population and the demand for services and facilities. Migration is the most volatile component of population change and can be affected by changing housing and economic opportunities such as housing affordability issues or the mining boom. There are three main types of migration in Australia, overseas migration, between-state migration, and within-state migration. By far the most common form of migration is within-state, and largely involves moves between neighbouring and existing urban areas where moves are often short. Looking at the level and type of migration in the City of Botany Bay can indicate whether the population is sedentary and likely to be in the area for a long time (and perhaps have significant ties to the community), or transient, and likely to move on. Related topics which can be viewed to get a clearer picture of population mobility include Age Structure and Housing Tenure.

Previous residential location of current residents in 2011

City of Botany Bay

Number Percentage Residents who did NOT move between 2006 and 2011 20,836 52.9

Total residents who moved between 2006 and 2011 13,422 34.1

Residents who had moved within the City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011 3,209 8.2

Residents who moved from another part of New South Wales 6,809 17.3

Residents who moved from another part of Australia 478 1.2

Residents who moved from another country 2,791 7.1

Residents who moved from an unknown area 121 0.3

Not stated - Didn't state whether or not moved 2,445 6.2

Not applicable - Births between 2006 and 2011 2,652 6.7

Total 2011 usual resident population 39,355 100.0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 121 of 198 Previous residential location of current residents in 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented by in profile.id by .id, the population experts. For comparison, across Australia in 2011, 51.2% of residents did not move in 5 years, 36.6% moved, while 6.6% were aged under 5, and 5.6% did not state their movement.

Page 122 of 198 Migration by location Understanding where the City of Botany Bay's current residents have moved from helps in predicting future mobility patterns and demographic change. Understanding where the City of Botany Bay's residents are moving to indicates areas of population growth and informs possible strategies to retain and attract residents. Generally, areas of new housing growth attract residents from established areas, especially young couples and families. Coastal communities attract retirees and people seeking a lifestyle change, while inner city areas and areas near universities attract young adults. These are broad demographic trends, while local demographic factors also have a major impact on population movement. The City of Botany Bay's migration data below provides a summary of where current residents lived five years prior to the last Census. The top ten local government areas of population movement are ranked, based on net change - that is, the difference between those who moved in and those who moved out. The areas with the greatest net change (gain or loss) to a particular area may not necessarily be those with the greatest population exchange.

Migration into and out of the area, 2006 to 2011

City of Botany Bay

Number Current residents who moved at least once between 2006 and 2011 13,422

Residents who had moved within the City of Botany Bay 3,209

Migration from other parts of New South Wales 6,809

Migration to other parts of New South Wales 6,474

Net Migration from other parts of New South Wales 335

Migration from other parts of Australia 478

Migration to other parts of Australia 840

Net Migration from other parts of Australia -362

Migration from other countries 2,791

Migration to other countries --

Net Migration from other countries --

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Migration between the area and other States/Territories

City of Botany Bay

State / Territory In migration Out migration Net migration New South Wales 6,809 6,474 335

Victoria 122 184 -62

Queensland 184 411 -227

South Australia 34 43 -9

Western Australia 46 68 -22

Tasmania 9 30 -21

Northern Territory 29 6 23

Australian Capital Territory 54 98 -44

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual Residence Data). Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 123 of 198 Top 10 LGAs ranked by net loss to the area

City of Botany Bay

LGA In migration Out migration Net migration Rockdale (C) 283 689 -406

Campbelltown (C) 53 244 -191

Canterbury (C) 129 311 -182

Liverpool (C) 88 239 -151

Hurstville (C) 52 179 -127

Sutherland Shire (A) 127 237 -110

Bankstown (C) 115 205 -90

Gold Coast (C) 27 114 -87

Blacktown (C) 65 146 -81

Kogarah (C) 67 128 -61

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual Residence Data). Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Top 10 LGAs ranked by net gain to the area

City of Botany Bay

LGA In migration Out migration Net migration Randwick (C) 2,771 1,650 1,121

Sydney (C) 1,077 459 618

Waverley (A) 391 117 274

Woollahra (A) 112 61 51

North Sydney (A) 43 21 22

Darwin (C) 23 3 20

Mosman (A) 21 8 13

Mandurah (C) 12 0 12

Mornington Peninsula (S) 12 0 12

Shellharbour (C) 18 6 12

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual Residence Data). Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 124 of 198 Migration by age The age structure of people who move into and out of the City of Botany Bay is strongly influenced by the residential role and function of the area and can influence demand for particular services. For instance, inner city areas near employment, education and entertainment tend to attract many young people in their late teens and early twenties, who move out in their late twenties and thirties to start families in suburban areas. Rural areas tend to lose young people and gain older families and retirees. Understanding the City of Botany Bay's attraction to different age groups helps to plan services for the community as well as advocating with other levels of government and private enterprise to provide infrastructure, employment opportunities and facilities which may help to retain age groups which are otherwise leaving the area.

Migration by age group 2011

City of Botany Bay

In migration Out migration Net migration 5 to 11 years +641 -796 -155

12 to 17 years +338 -427 -89

18 to 24 years +710 -597 +113

25 to 34 years +2,124 -2,003 +121

35 to 44 years +1,775 -1,626 +149

45 to 54 years +819 -859 -40

55 to 64 years +468 -532 -64

65 years and over +412 -474 -62

Total +7,287 -7,314 -27

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual Residence Data). Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Net migration by age group 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residents data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 125 of 198 Estimated Resident Population (ERP) The Estimated Resident Population is the OFFICIAL City of Botany Bay population for 2012. Populations are counted and estimated in various ways. The most comprehensive population count available in Australia is derived from the Census of Population and Housing conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics every five years. However the Census count is NOT the official population of the City of Botany Bay. To provide a more accurate population figure which is updated more frequently than every five years, the Australian Bureau of Statistics also produces "Estimated Resident Population" (ERP) numbers for the City of Botany Bay. See data notes for a detailed explanation of different population types, how they are calculated and when to use each one.

Estimated Resident Population (ERP)

City of Botany Bay

Change in Change in Year (ending June 30) Number number percent 2001 36,966 -- --

2002 37,158 +192 +0.52

2003 37,228 +70 +0.19

2004 37,081 -147 -0.39

2005 37,215 +134 +0.36

2006 37,453 +238 +0.64

2007 38,041 +588 +1.57

2008 39,018 +977 +2.57

2009 40,026 +1,008 +2.58

2010 40,909 +883 +2.21

2011 41,504 +595 +1.45

2012 42,317 +813 +1.96

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Regional Population Growth, Australia (3218.0). Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id The population experts

Page 126 of 198 Estimated Resident Population (ERP)

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Regional Population Growth, Australia (3218.0). Compiled and presented by .id the population experts Annual change in Estimated Resident Population (ERP)

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Regional Population Growth, Australia (3218.0). Compiled and presented by .id the population experts

Page 127 of 198 Residential building approvals The City of Botany Bay's building approvals are used as a leading indicator of the general level of residential development, economic activity, employment and investment. Residential building activity depends on many factors that vary with the state of the economy including interest rates, availability of mortgage funds, government spending, and business investment. Large financial changes or shocks, such as the Global Financial Crisis of 2008/09 can be observed in the data. However, the number of building approvals can fluctuate substantially from year to year simply as a result of the short-term nature of many construction projects, and the cyclical nature of the industry.

Residential building approvals

City of Botany Bay Number Annual change

Year (ending June 30) Houses Other Total Houses Other Total 2012-13 64 521 585 -4 -422 -426

2011-12 68 943 1,011 -8 +722 +714

2010-11 76 221 297 +53 +42 +95

2009-10 23 179 202 -9 +31 +22

2008-09 32 148 180 +10 -341 -331

2007-08 22 489 511 -10 +217 +207

2006-07 32 272 304 -21 +262 +241

2005-06 53 10 63 +13 -271 -258

2004-05 40 281 321 +35 -336 -301

2003-04 5 617 622 -16 +592 +576

2002-03 21 25 46 -22 -186 -208

2001-02 43 211 254 +22 +188 +210

2000-01 21 23 44 -15 -54 -69

1999-00 36 77 113 +10 -35 -25

1998-99 26 112 138 -14 -1 -15

1997-98 40 113 153 +13 -230 -217

1996-97 27 343 370 +2 +218 +220

1995-96 25 125 150 ------

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Building Approvals, Australia (8731.0). Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id The population experts

Page 128 of 198 Residential building approvals

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Building Approvals, Australia (8731.0). Compiled and presented by .id, the population experts.

Page 129 of 198 Indigenous and Torres Strait Islander profile

Page 130 of 198 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander profile - Key statistics

Key statistics

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples - 2011 2006 Change City of Botany Bay New South New South Number of persons usually Wales - ATSI Wales - ATSI resident Number % % Number % % Population summary ------

Total population 616 100.0 100.0 632 100.0 100.0 -16

Males 294 47.7 49.3 308 48.7 49.4 -14

Females 322 52.3 50.7 324 51.3 50.6 -2

Indigenous status ------

Aboriginal 592 96.1 94.9 606 95.9 94.4 -14

Torres Strait Islander 17 2.8 2.7 15 2.4 3.5 +2

Both Aboriginal and Torres 3 0.5 1.9 11 1.7 2.1 -8 Strait Islander

Dwellings ------

Persons counted in non 20 -- -- 8 -- -- +12 private dwellings

Persons counted in private 598 -- -- 617 -- -- -19 dwellings

Occupied private dwellings 308 -- -- 279 -- -- +29

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence). Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 131 of 198 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander profile - Service age groups The age structure of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples of City of Botany Bay provides insights into the demand for age-based services. Typically Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations around Australia have a younger age structure than the total population, but age structures vary greatly between areas. To get a more complete picture, City of Botany Bay's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Age Structure should be viewed in conjunction with Household Types and Highest Level of Schooling information.

Service age groups

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples - 2011 2006 Change City of Botany Bay New South New South Wales - ATSI Wales - ATSI Service age group (years) Number % % Number % % 2006 to 2011 0 to 4 66 10.7 12.2 57 9.0 12.4 +9

5 to 11 83 13.5 16.3 110 17.4 18.1 -27

12 to 17 54 8.8 14.2 83 13.1 14.9 -29

18 to 24 84 13.6 12.0 81 12.8 11.6 +3

25 to 34 65 10.6 11.8 87 13.8 12.6 -22

35 to 49 121 19.6 17.6 111 17.6 17.6 +10

50 to 59 64 10.4 8.7 46 7.3 7.2 +18

60 to 64 33 5.4 3.0 25 4.0 2.1 +8

65 and over 46 7.5 4.3 32 5.1 3.5 +14

Total people 616 100.0 100.0 632 100.0 100.0 -16

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence). Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 132 of 198 Service age groups, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 133 of 198 Dominant groups Analysis of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander service age groups in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in New South Wales shows that there was a lower proportion of people in the younger age groups (0 to 17 years) and a higher proportion of people in the older age group (65+ years). Overall, 33.0% of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in the City of Botany Bay was aged between 0 and 17, and 7.5% were aged 65 years and over, compared with 42.6% and 4.3% respectively for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in New South Wales. The major differences between the age groups of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in the City of Botany Bay and the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in New South Wales were: A larger percentage of people aged 65 and over years (7.5% compared to 4.3%) A larger percentage of people aged 60 to 64 years (5.4% compared to 3.0%) A larger percentage of people aged 35 to 49 years (19.6% compared to 17.6%) A larger percentage of people aged 50 to 59 years (10.4% compared to 8.7%) Emerging groups From 2006 to 2011, City of Botany Bay's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population decreased by 16 people (2.5%). This represents an average annual population change of -0.51% per year over the period. The largest changes in age groups of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in this area between 2006 and 2011 were in the age groups: 12 to 17 (-29 people) 5 to 11 (-27 people) 25 to 34 (-22 people) 50 to 59 (+18 people)

Page 134 of 198 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander profile - Highest educational attainment Highest qualification achieved shows the level of qualification, school or non-school, which is the highest that a person has achieved. This topic is useful for looking at the education and work prospects of the indigenous community, how many have completed schooling, and how many have gone on to University or TAFE qualifications. This is an important indicator of the socio-economic status of the indigenous community in the area, and should be viewed in conjunction with the more detailed Highest Level of Schooling and Education Institute Attending variables, as well as Employment Status.

Highest educational attainment

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples - 2011 2006 Change City of Botany Bay New South New South Wales - ATSI Wales - ATSI Qualification level Number % % Number % % 2006 to 2011 Bachelor degree level or 23 5.4 5.2 19 4.5 4.3 +4 higher

Advanced diploma or 16 3.8 4.3 14 3.3 3.4 +2 diploma

Vocational (certificate) 59 13.9 15.0 40 9.4 12.6 +19

Year 11 or 12 115 27.1 17.8 100 23.5 16.3 +15

Year 10 or below 151 35.5 42.6 177 41.6 45.3 -26

No educational attainment 3 0.7 0.7 3 0.7 0.8 0

Not stated/inadequately 58 13.6 14.5 72 16.9 17.3 -14 described

Total people aged 15+ 425 100.0 100.0 425 100.0 100.0 0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence). Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 135 of 198 Highest educational attainment, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 136 of 198 Dominant groups Analysis of the qualifications of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in New South Wales shows that there was a lower proportion of people holding formal qualifications (Bachelor or higher degree; Advanced Diploma or Diploma; or Vocational qualifications), and a similar proportion of people with no formal qualifications. Overall, 23.1% of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people aged 15 and over held educational qualifications, and 0.7% had no qualifications, compared with 24.5% and 0.7% respectively for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in New South Wales. The major differences between highest educational attainment held by the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population of the City of Botany Bay and the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in New South Wales were: A larger percentage of people who completed year 11 or 12 (27.1% compared to 17.8%) A smaller percentage of people who completed year 10 or below (35.5% compared to 42.6%) A smaller percentage of people who completed vocational qualification (13.9% compared to 15.0%) Emerging groups There were no major changes in highest educational attainment of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011.

Page 137 of 198 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander profile - Highest level of schooling School completion data is a useful indicator of socio-economic status. With other indicators, such as Education Institute Attending, the data informs planners and decisionmakers about the indigenous community’s likely literacy levels and ability to access services. Combined with Highest Education Attainment and Employment Status, it also allows assessment of the skill base of the population. Due to the young age structure of most indigenous populations, there are likely to be a higher proportion of people with less than year 12 completion. This may imply a lower education level, but may simply be due to younger age.

Highest level of secondary schooling completed

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples - 2011 2006 Change City of Botany Bay New South New South Wales - ATSI Wales - ATSI Level of schooling Number % % Number % % 2006 to 2011 Year 12 or equivalent 134 31.7 22.4 117 27.6 18.7 +17

Year 11 or equivalent 42 9.9 8.9 27 6.4 8.0 +15

Year 10 or equivalent 132 31.2 32.0 148 34.9 31.2 -16

Year 9 or equivalent 47 11.1 15.6 57 13.4 17.1 -10

Year 8 or below 28 6.6 10.0 28 6.6 12.2 0

Did not go to school 0 0.0 0.8 6 1.4 0.9 -6

Not stated / inadequately 40 9.5 10.3 41 9.7 11.9 -1 described

Total people 423 100.0 100.0 424 100.0 100.0 -1

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence). Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 138 of 198 Highest level of schooling completed, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 139 of 198 Dominant groups Analysis of the highest level of schooling attained by the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in New South Wales shows that there was a lower proportion of people who had left school at an early level (Year 10 or less) and a higher proportion of people who completed Year 12 or equivalent. Overall, 48.9% of the population left school at Year 10 or below, and 31.7% went on to complete Year 12 or equivalent, compared with 58.5% and 22.4% respectively for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in New South Wales. The major differences between the level of schooling attained by the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in the City of Botany Bay and the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in New South Wales were: A larger percentage of people who completed year 12 or equivalent (31.7% compared to 22.4%) A larger percentage of people who completed year 11 or equivalent (9.9% compared to 8.9%) A smaller percentage of people who completed year 9 or equivalent (11.1% compared to 15.6%) A smaller percentage of people who completed year 8 or below (6.6% compared to 10.0%) Emerging groups There were no major changes in level of schooling attained by the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011.

Page 140 of 198 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander profile - Education institution attending The share of City of Botany Bay’s indigenous population attending educational institutions reflects the age structure of the population, which influences the number of children attending school. Other influences include the proportion of children finishing school, leading to tertiary education, as well as the availability of tertiary education nearby. Indigenous populations are usually younger than the total population. For this reason, indigenous populations often have large proportions attending primary or secondary schools. For remote areas, the availability of tertiary education and in some cases secondary education may also be a factor. This data is often combined with Age Structure to look at the proportions of each age group attending the type of education relevant for that age group. Also look at Highest Level of Schooling completed and Highest Education Attainment.

Education institution attending

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples - 2011 2006 Change City of Botany Bay New South New South Wales - ATSI Wales - ATSI Type of institute Number % % Number % % 2006 to 2011 Pre-school 17 2.8 3.3 23 3.6 2.9 -6

Primary school 84 13.7 14.6 94 14.9 16.0 -10

Secondary school 47 7.7 10.7 58 9.2 9.8 -11

TAFE 25 4.1 3.4 24 3.8 3.0 +1

University 24 3.9 2.1 17 2.7 1.7 +7

Other 0 0.0 0.6 0 0.0 0.5 0

Not attending 372 60.6 56.7 368 58.2 56.3 +4

Not stated 45 7.3 8.6 48 7.6 9.9 -3

Total people 614 100.0 100.0 632 100.0 100.0 -18

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence). Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 141 of 198 Education institution attending, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 142 of 198 Dominant groups Analysis of the share of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population attending educational institutions in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in New South Wales shows that there was a lower proportion attending primary school, a lower proportion attending secondary school, and a higher proportion engaged in tertiary level education. Overall, 13.7% of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islande population were attending primary school, 7.7% of the population were attending secondary institutions, and 8.0% were learning at a tertiary level, compared with 14.6%, 10.7% and 5.5% respectively for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in New South Wales. The major differences between the share of the population attending learning institutions of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in the City of Botany Bay and the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in New South Wales was: A larger percentage of people not attending (60.6% compared to 56.7%) A larger percentage of people attending university (3.9% compared to 2.1%) A smaller percentage of people attending secondary school (7.7% compared to 10.7%) Emerging groups From 2006 to 2011, City of Botany Bay's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population aged 15 years and over decreased by 18 people (+2.8%). This represents an average annual change of -0.58% per year over the period. There were no major changes in the attendance of education instituitions of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011.

Page 143 of 198 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander profile - Employment status Employment statistics are an important indicator of socio-economic status, as well as the availability of jobs. The levels of full or part-time employment, unemployment and labour force participation among the indigenous population indicate the availability of jobs, and the match of skill levels within the population to the jobs available. A high unemployment rate or a low participation rate may indicate a relatively disadvantaged population unable to access community infrastructure. Employment status is linked to a number of factors including Age Structure, which influences the number of people in the workforce; the economic base and employment opportunities available in the area and the education and skill base of the population (Occupations, Qualifications).

Employment status

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples - 2011 2006 Change City of Botany Bay New South New South Wales - ATSI Wales - ATSI Employment status Number % % Number % % 2006 to 2011 Employed 235 92.5 83.0 229 87.1 80.5 +6

Employed full-time 157 61.8 49.0 143 54.4 45.0 +14

Employed part-time or 78 30.7 34.0 86 32.7 35.5 -8 hours not stated

Unemployed 19 7.5 17.0 34 12.9 19.5 -15

Looking for full-time work 13 5.1 11.9 23 8.7 13.6 -10

Looking for part-time work 6 2.4 5.1 11 4.2 5.9 -5

Total labour force 254 100.0 100.0 263 100.0 100.0 -9

Labour force status

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples - 2011 2006 Change City of Botany Bay New South New South Wales - ATSI Wales - ATSI Labour force status Number % % Number % % 2006 to 2011 Total labour force 254 59.5 51.3 263 62.0 51.3 -9

Not in the labour force 159 37.2 44.6 138 32.5 43.7 +21

Labour force status not stated 14 3.3 4.1 23 5.4 5.0 -9

Total people aged 15+ 427 100.0 100.0 424 100.0 100.0 +3

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence). Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 144 of 198 Employment status, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 145 of 198 Emerging groups The size of the City of Botany Bay's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander labour force in 2011 was 254 people, of which 78 were employed part-time and 157 were full-time workers. Analysis of the employment status (as a percentage of the labour force) of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population of New South Wales shows that there was a higher proportion in employment, and a lower proportion unemployed. The unemployed Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander labour force was 7.5%, compared with 17.0% or the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in New South Wales. The labour force participation rate refers to the proportion of the population over 15 years of age that was employed or actively looking for work. Analysis of the labour force participation rate of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 shows that there was a higher proportion in the labour force (59.5%) compared with the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in New South Wales (51.3%). Emerging groups Between 2006 and 2011, the number of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people employed in the City of Botany Bay showed an increase of 6 people and the number unemployed showed a decrease of 15 people. In the same period, the number of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in the labour force showed a decrease of 9 people, or 3.4%.

Page 146 of 198 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander profile - Occupations of employment Occupation statistics quantify the occupations in which the indigenous residents work. The work locations may be within the local area or elsewhere. Only the employed population are counted in the occupation table (those unemployed or not in the labour force don’t have an occupation). Occupations are broadly classified by education/skill level, with the more highly skilled managerial and professional occupations being at the top of the list, while labourers form the lowest level of the list. The occupations of the indigenous population will be influenced by the economic base and employment opportunities available in the area, education levels, and the working and social aspirations of the population. When viewed with other indicators, such as Highest Education Attainment and Employment Status, Occupation is a key measure for evaluating City of Botany Bay's socio-economic status and skill base.

Occupation of employment

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples - 2011 2006 Change City of Botany Bay New South New South Wales - ATSI Wales - ATSI Occupation Number % % Number % % 2006 to 2011 Managers 21 9.0 7.1 16 7.0 6.4 +5

Professionals 27 11.5 13.3 16 7.0 12.8 +11

Technicians and Trades 34 14.5 13.2 37 16.1 13.0 -3 Workers

Community and Personal 35 15.0 17.4 32 13.9 15.9 +3 Service Workers

Clerical and Administrative 48 20.5 12.9 61 26.5 12.6 -13 Workers

Sales Workers 15 6.4 8.9 12 5.2 8.1 +3

Machinery Operators And 23 9.8 8.8 27 11.7 8.4 -4 Drivers

Labourers 22 9.4 15.5 23 10.0 19.2 -1

Inadequately described 9 3.8 3.0 6 2.6 3.7 +3

Total employed people 234 100.0 100.0 230 100.0 100.0 +4 aged 15+

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence). Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 147 of 198 Occupation of employment, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 148 of 198 Dominant groups An analysis of the jobs held by the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander resident population in City of Botany Bay in 2011 shows the three most popular occupations were: Clerical and Administrative Workers (48 people or 20.5%) Community and Personal Service Workers (35 people or 15.0%) Technicians and Trades Workers (34 people or 14.5%) In combination these three occupations accounted for 117 people in total or 50.0% of the employed Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander resident population. The major differences between the occupations held by the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population of the City of Botany Bay and the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population of New South Wales were: A larger percentage of people employed as Clerical and Administrative Workers (20.5% compared to 12.9%) A larger percentage of people employed as Managers (9.0% compared to 7.1%) A larger percentage of people employed as Technicians and Trades Workers (14.5% compared to 13.2%) A smaller percentage of people employed as Labourers (9.4% compared to 15.5%) Emerging groups The number of employed Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in City of Botany Bay increased by 4 between 2006 and 2011. There were no major changes in the occupations held by the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population of City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011.

Page 149 of 198 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander profile - Household income Households form the common 'economic unit' in our society. City of Botany Bay’s indigenous household income is one of the most important indicators of socio-economic status of the indigenous population. Higher household incomes enable households to participate in society and escape poverty traps. Lower household incomes for the indigenous households of an area can indicate lower socio-economic status. The incomes presented on this page are for the latest Census year only, due to the change in collection ranges each Census, they can’t be directly compared over time. Please note that this table counts indigenous households, which are households containing one or more Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander persons at home on Census night. Household income can be contributed by all members of the household, which may include both indigenous and non-indigenous persons. To get a clearer picture of the income and socio-economic status of the indigenous population, household income data should be viewed in conjunction with Household Type, Age Structure, and Tenure.

Weekly household income

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander households - City of Botany Bay 2011

New South Wales - ATSI Weekly income Number % % Negative income/Nil income 0 0.0 1.2

$1-$199 8 2.6 2.5

$200-$299 13 4.2 4.6

$300-$399 16 5.2 6.7

$400-$599 36 11.7 11.5

$600-$799 36 11.7 10.8

$800-$999 13 4.2 8.2

$1000-$1249 16 5.2 8.3

$1250-$1499 14 4.6 6.8

$1500-$1999 22 7.2 9.6

$2000-$2499 23 7.5 6.5

$2500-$2999 32 10.4 4.2

$3000-$3499 10 3.3 2.5

$3500-$3999 10 3.3 1.1

$4000-$4999 5 1.6 0.9

$5000 or more 8 2.6 0.8

Not stated 45 14.7 13.9

Total households 307 100.0 100.0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 (Enumerated data). Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 150 of 198 Weekly household income, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander household income levels in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander household income levels in New South Wales shows that there was a larger proportion of high income households (those earning $2,500 per week or more) and a lower proportion of low income households (those earning less than $600 per week). Overall, 55.0% of the households earned a high income, and 23.8% were low income households, compared with 46.1% and 26.6% respectively for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander households in New South Wales. The major differences between incomes of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander households City of Botany Bay and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander households of New South Wales were: A larger percentage of households who earned $2500-$2999 (10.4% compared to 4.2%) A larger percentage of households who earned $3500-$3999 (3.3% compared to 1.1%) A larger percentage of households who earned $5000 or more (2.6% compared to 0.8%) A larger percentage of households who earned $2000-$2499 (7.5% compared to 6.5%)

Page 151 of 198 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander profile - Household types The household and family structure of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population is one of the most important demographic indicators. It provides insights into the level of demand for services and facilities targeted at particular household types, and the structure of the local indigenous community. Across Australia, indigenous households are more likely to be larger families and one parent families, but this varies from area to area, so it is important to compare to the populations across geographic benchmarks. Please note that this is a household topic. Households are counted as indigenous if they contain one or more indigenous usual residents present on Census night. Indigenous households cannot be visitor only or other non-classifiable households, so those categories are excluded from this topic. For that reason, percentage distributions may not match those in the main household types page of profile.id, which includes these categories. To continue building the story, indigenous household type should be viewed in conjunction with Household Size, Age Structure and Number of Bedrooms .

Household types

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander households - City of 2011 2006 Change Botany Bay New South New South Wales - ATSI Wales - ATSI Households by type Number % % Number % % 2006 to 2011 Couples with children 80 25.9 31.4 69 24.6 32.0 +11

Couples without children 38 12.3 15.4 40 14.3 14.5 -2

One parent families 101 32.7 31.0 106 37.9 32.4 -5

Other families 5 1.6 2.1 5 1.8 2.0 0

Group households 19 6.1 5.1 19 6.8 4.9 0

Lone persons 66 21.4 15.1 41 14.6 14.2 +25

Total households 309 100.0 100.0 280 100.0 100.0 +29

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data). Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 152 of 198 Household types, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 153 of 198 Dominant groups Analysis of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander household types in the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in New South Wales shows that there was a lower proportion of couple families with child(ren) as well as a higher proportion of one-parent families. Overall, 25.9% of total families were couple families with child(ren), and 32.7% were one-parent families, compared with 31.4% and 31.0% respectively for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in New South Wales. There were a higher proportion of lone person households and a lower proportion of couples without children. Overall, the proportion of lone person households was 21.4% compared to 15.1% in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in New South Wales while the proportion of couples without children was 12.3% compared to 15.4% in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in New South Wales. Emerging groups The number of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander households in City of Botany Bay remained stable 0 between 2006 and 2011. There were no major changes in family/household types of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in the City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011.

Page 154 of 198 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander profile - Housing tenure Housing Tenure data provides an insight into the socio-economic status of the indigenous community and what housing role the area plays in the community. For example, in some areas, the indigenous community is reliant on public housing. In other areas, most dwellings are owned by a community co-op, while some areas are mortgage dominated, providing home-ownership opportunities for the population. This can have an impact on social cohesion and the type of council services required by the population. Housing tenure data should be viewed in conjunction with Employment Status, and Household Type, information to build the demographic story of the area.

Housing tenure

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander households - City of 2011 2006 Change Botany Bay New South New South Wales - ATSI Wales - ATSI Number of bedrooms Number % % Number % % 2006 to 2011 Fully owned 31 10.1 13.3 30 10.7 13.2 +1

Being purchased 73 23.7 26.0 67 23.9 23.0 +6

Renting (total) 195 63.3 56.3 170 60.7 59.0 +25

Public 102 33.1 19.0 85 30.4 21.0 +17

Housing co-operative, 8 2.6 4.0 7 2.5 4.9 +1 community or church group

Private and other 81 26.3 32.3 75 26.8 31.6 +6

Not stated 4 1.3 1.0 3 1.1 1.4 +1

Other 0 0.0 0.8 6 2.1 0.6 -6

Not stated 9 2.9 3.7 7 2.5 4.2 +2

Total households 308 100.0 100.0 280 100.0 100.0 +28

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data). Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 155 of 198 Housing tenure, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 156 of 198 Dominant groups Analysis of the housing tenure of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population of the City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in New South Wales shows that there was a smaller proportion of households who owned their dwelling; a smaller proportion purchasing their dwelling; and a larger proportion who were renters. Overall, 10.1% of the population owned their dwelling; 23.7% were purchasing, and 63.3% were renting, compared with 13.3%, 26.0% and 56.3% respectively for then Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in New South Wales. The major differences between housing tenure for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander households of City of Botany Bay and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander households of New South Wales were: A larger percentage of households who were renting social housing (33.1% compared to 19.0%) A larger percentage of households who were renting (63.3% compared to 56.3%) A smaller percentage of households who were renting from the private or other rental market (26.3% compared to 32.3%) A smaller percentage of households who owned their owned their dwelling (10.1% compared to 13.3%)

Emerging groups The total number of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander households in City of Botany Bay increased by 28 between 2006 and 2011. There were no major changes in housing tenure of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in the City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011.

Page 157 of 198 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander profile - Household size The size of households in general follows the life-cycle of families. Households are usually small at the stage of relationship formation (early marriage), and then increase in size with the advent of children. They later reduce in size again as these children reach adulthood and leave home. Household size can also be influenced by a lack (or abundance) of affordable housing. Indigenous persons often have a tradition of living with extended family members which significantly affects household size, and households can include multiple families. Please note that this table counts indigenous households (households containing at least one indigenous person) by the number of persons resident. The number of persons resident can include both indigenous and non-indigenous persons. For greater insight, Indigenous household size data should be viewed in conjunction with Household Type, Age Structure and Household Income .

Household size

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander households - City of 2011 2006 Change Botany Bay New South New South Number of persons usually Wales - ATSI Wales - ATSI resident Number % % Number % % 2006 to 2011 1 person 67 21.8 15.0 42 15.1 14.2 +25

2 person 87 28.3 27.2 89 31.9 27.0 -2

3 person 63 20.5 19.9 60 21.5 20.4 +3

4 person 48 15.6 17.9 52 18.6 18.7 -4

5 person 24 7.8 10.7 24 8.6 10.8 0

6 or more persons 18 5.9 9.3 12 4.3 8.9 +6

Total households 307 100.0 100.0 279 100.0 100.0 +28

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data). Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 158 of 198 Household size, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 159 of 198 Dominant groups Analysis of the number of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander persons usually resident in a household in the City of Botany Bay compared with the number of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander persons in New South Wales shows that there were a higher proportion of lone person households, and a lower proportion of larger households (those with 4 persons or more). Overall there were 21.8% of lone person households, and 29.3% of larger households, compared with 15.0% and 37.9% respectively for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander in New South Wales. The major differences between household size for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander households of City of Botany Bay and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander households of New South Wales were: A larger percentage of households with 1 person usually resident (21.8% compared to 15.0%) A larger percentage of households with 2 person usually resident (28.3% compared to 27.2%) A smaller percentage of households with 6 or more persons usually resident (5.9% compared to 9.3%) A smaller percentage of households with 5 person usually resident (7.8% compared to 10.7%) Emerging groups The number of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander households in City of Botany Bay increased by 28 between 2006 and 2011. There were no major changes in household size of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011.

Page 160 of 198 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander profile - Number of bedrooms The Number of Bedrooms in a dwelling is an indicator of the size of dwellings, and when combined with Household Size information, can be an indication of whether there is overcrowding in dwellings, and perhaps housing affordability and availability issues in the indigenous community. Households are counted as indigenous if they contain one or more indigenous usual residents on Census night. This data presents number of bedrooms in dwellings containing at least one indigenous usual resident. It is entirely possible and even probable in many cases that some bedrooms are occupied by non-indigenous household members.

Number of bedrooms per dwelling

2 bedrooms 110 35.7 17.4 101 36.2 17.6 +9

3 bedrooms 125 40.6 45.7 110 39.4 48.0 +15

4 bedrooms 27 8.8 22.8 29 10.4 21.0 -2

5 bedrooms or more 14 4.5 5.9 17 6.1 4.8 -3

Not stated 4 1.3 3.2 7 2.5 3.9 -3

Total households 308 100.0 100.0 279 100.0 100.0 +29

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data). Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Number of bedrooms per dwelling, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 161 of 198 Change in number of bedrooms per dwelling, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the number of bedrooms in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander dwellings in City of Botany Bay in 2011 compared to the number of bedrooms in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander dwellings in New South Wales shows that there was a higher proportion of dwellings with 1 and 2 bedrooms, and a lower proportion of dwellings with 4 or more bedrooms. Overall, 44.8% of households were in 1-2 bedroom dwellings, and 13.3% of 4-plus bedroom dwellings, compared with 22.3% and 28.8% for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander households in New South Wales respectively. The major differences between the number of bedrooms per dwelling for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in City of Botany Bay and the ATSI in [Parameter].[IBMIDLabel were: A larger percentage of 2 bedrooms (35.7% compared to 17.4%) A larger percentage of 0 or 1 bedrooms (9.1% compared to 4.9%) A smaller percentage of 4 bedrooms (8.8% compared to 22.8%) A smaller percentage of 3 bedrooms (40.6% compared to 45.7%) Emerging groups There were no major changes in the number of bedrooms per dwelling for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011.

Page 162 of 198 Abbreviations AbbreviationDescription ABS Australian Bureau of Statistics

AHS Average household size (average number of persons per dwelling). Calculated by dividing the number of people in occupied private dwellings by the number of occupied private dwellings.

ANZSCO Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations

ANZSIC Australian and New Zealand Standard Industry Classification

ASCED Australian Standard Classification of Education

ASCL Australian Standard Classification of Languages

ASGC Australian Standard Geographical Classification

ASGS Australian Statistical Geography Standard (2011-on)

ATSI Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander

CCD Census Collection District - the smallest geography for which Census data was available in 2006 and earlier years.

ERP Estimated Resident Population

LGA Local Government Area

NEC Not Elsewhere Classified

NFD Not Further Described

NPD Non-Private Dwelling

OPD Occupied private dwelling

SA1 Area Level 1 (the smallest geography for which Census data is available in 2011)

SA2 Statistical Area Level 2

SACC Standard Australian Classification of Countries

SEIFA Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas

SLA Statistical Local Area (a statistical area 'usually' smaller than an LGA)

TAFE Technical And Further Education institute

Page 163 of 198 Notes - geography Census geography overview Census data is available at a variety of different geographic levels such as State, Capital City, Local Government Area, Suburb and Postal Area. These areas are created by aggregating smaller units of geography together into a 'best fit.' The boundaries available from the ABS rarely match actual 'communities', 'suburbs' or 'service catchments' needed for effective decision making, and even if they do, they are seldom available on the same geographic basis over time, making it very difficult to identify trends in population characteristics based on meaningful areas. For the 2011 Census, the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) implemented a brand new geographic structure, which is based on labour force areas. This is known as the Australian Standard Geography Standard, and uses the base unit of the SA1 (Statistical Area Level 1). These build into SA2s, SA3s, SA4s and Greater Capital City Areas. For previous Censuses the base building block was called a Census Collector District. Census Collector Districts aggregated to Local Government Areas. Local Government Areas are available from the 2011 Census output. They are created by aggregating SA1s. However these SA1s do not sum exactly to Local Government boundaries, making geographic breakdowns problematic, and time series even more difficult. profile.id resolves all of these issues to create a meaningful geography that can be analysed over a long time period. City of Botany Bay geography This profile provides Census data for the City of Botany Bay broken down into small areas based on customised suburbs/localities. For the 1991, 1996, 2001 and 2006 Census years these small areas are created by aggregating Census Collection Districts. For the 2011 Census they are created by aggregating Statistical Area Level 1 units. Where SA1s or CCDs do not fit exactly into a suburb or locality boundary, estimates are made in each Census year of the number of dwellings to be included. These estimates use aerial photography, dwelling counts, planning schemes, and street directories to determine what percentage of each SA1 or CCD to include in the suburb. This means that regardless of the Census year, and the changes in ABS output boundaries, the data presented in profile.id exactly matches the suburb/locality boundary. This provides the most accurate population information for suburbs and localities and a meaningful time series for the current geography. NOTE: The geography in the Community Profile tables may not match the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) SA2, state suburb or postal area boundaries, which are based on aggregation of whole SA1s and are not comparable to previous Census years. The City of Botany Bay has 10 small areas:

Botany - Banksmeadow Botany - Banksmeadow is bounded by the railway line, Spring Street, Collins Lane, Page Street, Holloway Street and Wentworth Avenue in the north, Corish Circle and Denison Street in the east, Beauchamp Road, Randwick City, the South West Channel, Brotherson Dock and Botany Bay in the south, and Foreshore Road, General Holmes Drive and Southern Cross Drive in the west.

Daceyville Daceyville is bounded by Gardeners Road in the north, Bunnerong Road in the east, Prince Edward Circle, Birdwood Avenue, Bonnie Doon Golf Club and Cook Avenue in the south, and Isaac Smith Road, Astrolabe Park and Isaac Page 164 of 198 Smith Park in the west.

Eastlakes Eastlakes is bounded by Gardeners Road in the north, Isaac Smith Road and the suburb of Pagewood in the east, Wentworth Avenue in the south, and Sparks Street and Maloney Street in the west.

Hillsdale - Eastgardens Hillsdale - Eastgardens is bounded by Heffron Road in the north, Bunnerong Road in the east, Beauchamp Road in the south, and Denison Street, Corish Circle and Banks Avenue in the west.

Mascot Mascot is bounded by Gardeners Road, Botany Road and Coward Street in the north, Maloney Street, Sparks Street, Wentworth Avenue, Southern Cross Drive, General Holmes Drive and Foreshore Road in the east, Botany Bay in the south, and Rockdale City and Alexandra Canal in the west.

Pagewood (East) Pagewood (East) is bounded by Birdwood Avenue and Prince Edward Circle in the north, Bunnerong Road in the east, Heffron Road in the south, and Banks Avenue in the west.

Page 165 of 198 Pagewood (West) Pagewood (West) is bounded by The Lakes Golf Club, the suburb of Eastlakes, Isaac Smith Street, Cook Avenue and David Phillips Field in the north, Banks Avenue in the east, Wentworth Avenue, Holloway Street, Collins Lane, Spring Street and the railway line in the south, and Southern Cross Drive and Wentworth Avenue in the west.

Rosebery Rosebery is bounded by Gardeners Road in the north, Maloney Street in the east, Coward Street in the south, and Botany Road in the west.

Pagewood Pagewood is bounded by the suburb of Eastlakes, Isaac Smith Street, Cook Avenue, David Phillips Field, Banks Avenue, Birdwood Avenue and Prince Edward Circle in the north, Bunnerong Road, Heffron Road and Banks Avenue in the east, Wentworth Avenue, Holloway Street, Collins Lane, Spring Street and the railway line in the south, and Southern Cross Drive, Wentworth Avenue and The Lakes Golf Club in the west.

Mascot station precinct Mascot station precinct is bounded by Gardeners Road in the north, O’Riordan Street in the east, Coward Street in the south, and Kent Road in the west.

Page 166 of 198 Notes - population types

All data in this Profile is sourced from the Australian Bureau of Statistics, copyright in ABS data vests in the Commonwealth of Australia.

The most comprehensive population count available in Australia is derived from the Census of Population and Housing, conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics every five years. It is an official count of all people and dwellings in Australia on Census night, and collects details of age, sex, religion, education and other characteristics of the population. The last Census was conducted on 9 August 2011 and was the sixteenth national Census for Australia. The next Census will be conducted in August 2016. Census statistics are used as the basis for estimating the population at national, state and local government levels, for electoral purposes and the distribution of government funds. They are used by individuals and organisations in the public and private sectors for planning, administration, research and decision making. You would think counting people was pretty straightforward, but populations are estimated in various ways. It is important to understand how a population has been derived when you are using the data. In profile.id, there are three different population types which you need to be aware of: Enumerated Population Enumerated population refers to the population counted in the City of Botany Bay on Census night. Because it is impossible to catch everyone at home on one night, the Census counts people wherever they were sleeping that night. This might include people who usually live somewhere else but were staying in the area on business or holiday. This type of count provides a snapshot at a given point in time. The Census is timed to capture the typical situation, however, holiday resort areas, such as the Gold Coast and snow fields, may show a large enumeration count compared with the number of people who usually live there. Where enumerated population data is used in the profile, overseas visitors have been specifically excluded from the tables, but visitors from within Australia are included. For detailed information about Enumerated population please refer to the ABS Fact Sheet on Population Measures. Usual Residence Population Usual Residence population refers to the population that usually lives in the City of Botany Bay rather than the population that was counted there on Census night. Each person completing the Census is required to state their address of usual residence and this information is used to derive the Usual Residence population. To be counted as the usual residence, a person has to have lived or intend to live in the dwelling for six months or more of the year. Usual residence counts are less likely to be influenced by seasonal factors, such as holiday seasons and snow seasons, and provide information about the usual residents of an area. In 2011, 2006 and 2001 all Census data are provided for usual residence as well as enumerated population. Usual residence is the default output for data on individuals in profile.id, and most data from the ABS is published on a usual residence basis. Information on households and dwellings in profile.id is only presented on an as enumerated basis, as usual resident counts are not available at the dwelling or household level. However, while they are referred to as enumeration counts, household characteristics are partially usual residence-based as they are determined with reference to up to three people recorded as temporarily absent on the form. Additionally, data about usual residence for areas below the LGA level were not published for any data sets prior to 2001. Consequently, usual residence data are not available for the 1996 and 1991 Census years in profile.id, and to access these years, enumeration counts need to be selected. For detailed information about Enumerated population please refer to the ABS Fact Sheet on Population Measures. Estimated Resident Population The Estimated Resident Population (ERP) is the official ABS estimate of the Australian population. The ERP is based

Page 167 of 198 on results of the Census and is compiled as at 30 June of each Census year. It is updated between Censuses - quarterly for state and national figures, and annually for local government areas and provides a population figure between Censuses. The ERP is based on the usual residence population and includes adjustments for Census undercount, Australian residents who were temporarily overseas on Census night, and backdates the population to 30 June. Each years updates take into account births, deaths and both internal and overseas migration. The ERP is rebased after the results of the Census are released, with adjustments to the population counts made for the previous 5 years, back to the year after the previous Census. These adjustments take into account the population numbers of the most recent Census and improve the accuracy of the intercensal counts in hindsight. Any intercensal ERP is subject to this review after the Census results are released. ERPs can be found under the 'Population estimate section of the menu in the Community Profile. For detailed information about ERPs please refer to the ABS publication Population Estimates: Concepts, Sources and Methods, 2009. Which population should you use? As a general rule, if you just want an official population count you should use the Estimated Resident Population as it is more accurate and is the official population figure. ERPs are also used as the basis for all future projections of the population. However, the Estimated Resident Population is not broken down into population characteristics such as birthplace, religion, industry or occupation etc. Therefore, if you are exploring or reporting on the characteristics of a population you need to choose between the Enumerated or Usual Residence populations. For most areas the numbers will be very similar, and if you are looking at demographic characteristics, it is normally percentages which matter, rather than raw numbers. Both populations are useful measures, and neither is "wrong". You do need to make sure that you are consistent about which population base you decide to use, if you are comparing information between different topics. Areas with lots of hotels or full tourist accommodation even in winter include CBDs of major cities, Queensland coastal holiday resorts and NSW and Victorian ski fields, and these areas are likely to show a difference between the two counts. In this case, if you want to know about how many people are both living and staying in the area and using services, you should use the Enumerated population. But if you specifically want to know only about the people who live in an area, use the Usual Residence population.

Page 168 of 198 Notes - household composition A household is a group of people within a single dwelling who make shared provision for food. For the purposes of Census, a household is any group of people counted in a private dwelling, and so the number of occupied private dwellings is equal to the number of households. Household composition indicates whether a family is present and whether other unrelated household members are present. Any household, including lone person households, can contain visitors. For the purposes of profile.id family characteristics are also included with household characteristics. Where more than one family reside in a dwelling, the household is counted as having the characteristics of the primary family in that household (e.g. couple with children, lone parent etc.). The 'Other not classifiable' household category primarily includes those households which were occupied on Census night but where the Census collector could not make contact and a form was never returned. They are also referred to as ‘non response households’. For more information on this, please refer to the Non-response rates statement on the ABS website. The household and family data are essentially the same for both Usual Residence and Enumerated population counts. The person who fills in the form identifies all persons who are present on Census night and their relationship within the household. Anyone who is temporarily absent is separately identified on the form, so that the type of household and number of usual residents can be identified. However, any table examining the characteristics of people by the type of household they live in will exclude these people as few demographic variables are collected for persons temporarily absent. Persons who are away from home, will be counted in the household they are present in on Census night (generally in a non-private dwelling or as a visitor in a private dwelling). Although the ABS will know their usual address, and they will be included in the population usual resident counts for that area, the ABS is not able to determine that person’s relationship to other people also resident at that address, so in this way, household counts are still partially enumeration based.

Page 169 of 198 Notes - randomisation of small numbers The information presented in the tables in profile.id is based on detailed tables produced by the Australian Bureau of Statistics at the Local Government Area level, and at the Statistical Area Level 1 (SA1) level for suburbs and small areas in 2011 (Census Collection District (CD) for prior Census years). The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) will randomise information it provides to preserve confidentiality. All cells are slightly adjusted to prevent any identification of personal details. Methodologies for doing this changed between 2001 and 2006. Data tables released prior to the 2006 Census had small numbers (values of 1 or 2) randomly adjusted to either 0 or 3 by the ABS. As tables are randomly adjusted independently of each other, totals differ slightly across tables with the same population. The effect of randomisation is increased with the aggregation of CDs into suburbs and localities. For the 2006 and 2011 Census, a different method called perturbation was used. All figures included within any table may be randomly adjusted by a small amount. These adjustments result in small introduced random errors. This method was introduced, so that not only could individuals not be directly identified in the data, but “differencing” could not be employed to derive individual characteristics. Differencing is deriving two separate tables with a small difference, the calculation of which may be as little as one person. Perturbation makes this impossible. Although the information value of the table as a whole is not impaired, care should be taken when interpreting very small numbers, since randomisation will affect the relative size of small numbers far more than larger numbers. The effect of the randomisation methodology also ensures that values of 1 and 2 do not appear in tables. No reliance should be placed on small cells as they are impacted by random adjustment, respondent and processing errors. Table totals and subtotals will be internally consistent but discrepancies may be observed between tables cross- tabulating the same population by different variables. While perturbation compromises the table totals by making them appear inconsistent, for a population of any significant size (over 1,000) this perturbation is insignificant, and still results in the best available socio-demographic data at the suburb level. This level of compromise should not impact on decision makers making effective resource allocation and planning decisions.

Page 170 of 198 Notes - overseas visitors and table totals Overseas visitors Enumerated data from the 2006 and 2011 Censuses are published by the ABS with ‘Overseas visitors’ appearing as a separate category in many tables. To improve usability of the information the category ‘Overseas visitors’ has been removed from all place of enumeration based tables. Usual residence tables by definition already have overseas visitors removed. Table totals and rounding Table totals may not equate with other similar tables due to randomisation of small numbers and percentages may not total to 100 due to rounding of decimal places and rounding of the SA1 level geographic splits. All discrepancies are minimal and are statistically insignificant.

Page 171 of 198 Notes - specific topics Labour force status Derived from the Census question: 'Last week did the person have a full time or part time job of any kind?' This topic includes persons aged 15 years and over, and assesses employment in the week prior to the Census. It is actually derived from 5 Census questions (34, 35, 44, 46 and 47), which look at whether the respondent had a job, if not, whether they were looking for work, and if they were looking for work whether they were able to start in the past week. To classify full or part-time work, the question on hours worked is also used. 'Employed full time' means having worked 35 hours or more in all jobs. 'Employed part time' means having worked less than 35 hours in all jobs. Please note that the full or parttime status refers only to the week before Census, not to a ‘usual’ number of hours. The 'Labour force' is all persons aged 15 years and over who are either employed or looking for work and available to start. Both full and part-time work counts towards the labour force. The percentages in the first table, showing employed and unemployed, are expressed as a percentage of those who are in the labour force. The ‘Unemployment Rate’ is defined as the number of unemployed persons (looking for work and available to start) as a percentage of the labour force. The percentage for ‘Unemployed’ in profile.id is the same as the unemployment rate. The ‘Participation Rate’ is defined as the labour force expressed as a percentage of the total population aged 15+. In profile.id, the percentage in the ‘Total labour force’ category in the second table can be regarded as the participation rate. Note, however that it is not directly comparable to participation rates derived from the ABS labour force monthly survey, because a proportion of the population (5.6% nationally in 2011) don’t state their labour force status. For this reason, Census participation rates are likely to be a little lower than those derived from the survey, but they are comparable over time and across geographic areas with other Census data. For more information please refer to the data quality statement for Labour Force Status on the ABS website. Estimated Resident Population (ERP) This dataset presents the last 10 years' official population estimates for the City of Botany Bay, including numerical and percentage change year on year, and comparison to the selected benchmark. Estimated Resident Population is the official population of an area, if that area is based on one of the ABS standard geographic units (SA2s, LGAs). It adjusts for the net undercount found in Census data, people overseas on Census night, and is updated annually based on the number of registered births, deaths, and an estimate of overseas, interstate and intra-state migration. While ERP is the most accurate measure of population at any point in time, it is subject to revision. Minor revisions are made each year to previous years' populations, and a final revision to the previous 5 years' results happens after each Census when the results are 'rebased' to the results of the most recent Census. This rebasing can alter populations significantly, depending on the Census findings, and indeed this is one of the reason we have a Census every 5 years. Despite this revision, the ERP remains the official population count, and is used in allocation of funding at all levels of government, and the distribution of electorates by the Australian Electoral Commission. Building approvals Residential building approvals are compiled by the Australian Bureau of Statistics from permits issued by: local government authorities and other principal certifying authorities. The data on this page counts the number of dwelling units created by the issue of building permits, regardless of the number of actual permits (eg. a single permit for a block of 50 apartments would count in this table as 50).

Page 172 of 198 A residential building is a building consisting of one or more dwelling units. Residential buildings can be either houses or other residential buildings. A house is defined as a stand-alone residential structure, separated on all sides from other dwellings by at least half a metre. An other residential building is a building other than a house primarily used for long-term residential purposes. An other residential building contains more than one dwelling unit within the same structure – for example - semi-detached, row or terrace houses; flats, unit or apartments in blocks, or flats attached to houses or shops. Exclusions: Dwellings created by alterations/additions to existing dwellings are not included. Dwellings created by building work which is largely nonresidential in nature (eg. a caretaker’s dwelling built as part of a new hospital) are also not included as dwelling units, though they are included in value of approval data (not presented in profile.id). For more information on the building approvals dataset, please refer to ABS catalogue number 8731.0 – Building Approvals, Australia. SEIFA The SEIFA indexes are derived from Census data by a method called Principal Component Analysis which is a regression technique that derives an index from a set of variables related to the concept of disadvantage, based on the level of correlation between those variables. There are four indexes in the SEIFA set: Index of Relative Socio-Economic Disadvantage Index of Relative Socio-Economic Advantage/Disadvantage Index of Economic Resources Index of Education and Occupation Of these, by far the most commonly used is the Index of Relative Socio-Economic Disadvantage (IRSED), and this is the one presented in profile.id®. The IRSED compares the level of disadvantage between areas, and is not skewed by a high level of advantage. Technically a high score only measures a lack of disadvantage – NOT evidence of advantage). ISRED is derived from the relative proportions of 17 Census characteristics such as: Low income Low educational attainment High unemployment Residents working in relatively unskilled occupations High proportion of residents with poor English proficiency High proportion of single parent families High proportion of residents paying low rent For more details on the construction of the index, plus further information on its use, see (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2011, Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA 2011) cat. no. 2033.0.55.001) on the ABS website. The Index of Disadvantage is primarily used to rank areas to apply funding models which address need in the community, e.g. providing more funding for schools in disadvantaged areas. A low SEIFA score for an area does not necessarily imply anything about individuals living in the area as the score is for the area overall. While a low score probably indicates many low income people living there, it does not imply that any particular resident is low income. SEIFA indexes cannot be directly compared over time. The analysis is re-run every Census and different variables are found to be correlated. For this reason only the latest SEIFA figures are presented on the site. Older indexes are available on request, but only the relative ranking of areas can be compared, rather than the numbers directly. For more information about the use of SEIFA please refer to the ABS publication above or contact .id. Seifa index of disadvantage The SEIFA indexes are derived from Census data by a method called Principal Component Analysis which is a Page 173 of 198 regression technique that derives an index from a set of variables related to the concept of disadvantage, based on the level of correlation between those variables. There are four indexes in the SEIFA set: Index of Relative Socio-Economic Disadvantage Index of Relative Socio-Economic Advantage/Disadvantage Index of Economic Resources Index of Education and Occupation Of these, by far the most commonly used is the Index of Relative Socio-Economic Disadvantage (IRSED), and this is the one presented in profile.id®. The IRSED compares the level of disadvantage between areas, and is not skewed by a high level of advantage. Technically a high score only measures a lack of disadvantage – NOT evidence of advantage). ISRED is derived from the relative proportions of 17 Census characteristics such as: Low income Low educational attainment High unemployment Residents working in relatively unskilled occupations High proportion of residents with poor English proficiency High proportion of single parent families High proportion of residents paying low rent For more details on the construction of the index, plus further information on its use, see (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2011, Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA 2011) cat. no. 2033.0.55.001) on the ABS website. The Index of Disadvantage is primarily used to rank areas to apply funding models which address need in the community, e.g. providing more funding for schools in disadvantaged areas. A low SEIFA score for an area does not necessarily imply anything about individuals living in the area as the score is for the area overall. While a low score probably indicates many low income people living there, it does not imply that any particular resident is low income. SEIFA indexes cannot be directly compared over time. The analysis is re-run every Census and different variables are found to be correlated. For this reason only the latest SEIFA figures are presented on the site. Older indexes are available on request, but only the relative ranking of areas can be compared, rather than the numbers directly. For more information about the use of SEIFA please refer to the ABS publication above or contact .id. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander profile Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population (also known as indigenous population or ATSI population) is derived from the Census question: “Is the person of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin?”. It is possible to answer yes to either Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander, or both. The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population has only been counted as part of the official population of Australia since 1967, and was included in the output from the 1971 Census. The number of people identifying as Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander has increased every Census since that time. The profile allows comparison of the characteristics of the ATSI population within City of Botany Bay to either the ATSI population of a benchmark area or the total population of City of Botany Bay or the benchmark area. Indigenous populations in Australia tend to be relatively disadvantaged compared to the total population, and this profile is designed to look at the aspects of this disadvantage more closely, to assist councils in providing services to the indigenous community. Some Census variables include slightly different categories to the main part of profile, to assist with this. For example, due to the lower life expectancy of the indigenous population, the age groups 70-84 and 85+ are rolled into the 65+ category. Please note that, although both 2006 and 2011 data are shown in this profile, care should be taken in interpreting changes over time in the indigenous population. Nationally there was a 25% increase in the number of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders between 2006 and 2011. Some of this is due to natural population increase, but a substantial

Page 174 of 198 amount of this increase is due to increased propensity to identify as indigenous (ie. a willingness to answer the question). The ABS put a large effort into ensuring the correct enumeration of this community, and the 2011 results show this. Because of this it is not always possible to tell whether an increase in a particular category is due to a genuine change in the population, or just an increased identification. Please use this time series data with caution. Note on households Topics counting households in the indigenous profile use the Census variable “Indigenous Household Indicator”. A household is classified as an indigenous household if there is at least one indigenous person who is a usual resident of that household (not a visitor) present on Census night. “Other households” are households with no indigenous usual residents present on Census night. Population The data on this page are sourced from a variety of different tables and designed to give a range of population and dwelling numbers for the area. All data excludes Overseas Visitors except for the “Overseas visitors” category. Please note that “Population” referred to on this page relates entirely to Census population (either Enumerated or Usual Residence). For the current official population estimates (ERP) please refer to the “Population estimates” page. ‘Eligible voters’ includes all Australian citizens over the age of 18 on Census day. ‘Overseas Visitors’ includes all people whose usual residence is outside Australia, and who plan to be in Australia for less than 12 months. They are normally excluded from all tables within profile.id but are included separately here for reference. This item relates only to enumerated population, as by definition there are no usual residents who are overseas visitors. ‘Total dwellings’ includes both private and nonprivate dwellings. All dwellings data are based on place of enumeration. 'Average household size’ consists of the number of persons counted in private dwellings divided by the number of occupied private dwellings on Census night. For consistency with earlier years, 2011 figures for Average Household Size include overseas visitors where they are staying in private dwellings. This is expected to have negligible effect on the total, and it enables comparison between all years back to 1991. ‘Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population’ includes all persons who answered question 7 on the Census form “Is the person of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin?” with either “Yes, Aboriginal”, “Yes, Torres Strait Islander” or both. It is not derived from the “Australian Aboriginal” response to the Ancestry question, and this population can have any birthplace. ‘Australian born' includes ‘Australia (includes external territories), nfd’ – This is due to a coding error by the ABS whereby the Australian-born population of prisons in Western Australia were incorrectly included in this category. It has no impact for areas outside WA or which are in WA but don’t have a prison population. ‘Speaks a language other than English at home’ includes all persons who identified a language other than English as their main language spoken at home, but doesn’t include those with language not stated. Indigenous service age groups Derived from the Census question: 'What is the person's date of birth (or age last birthday)?' Groups the population by age into categories which reflect a similar life stage or service user profiles. Includes all persons except 'Overseas Visitors'. 0-4 Babies and pre-schoolers 5-11 Primary Schoolers 12-17 Secondary Schoolers 18-24 Tertiary education and transition to independence 25-34 Young workforce 35-49 Parents and homebuilders 50-59 Older workforce and emerging empty nesters 60-69 Empty nesters and retirees 70-84 Seniors Page 175 of 198 85+ Frail aged If an answer to the Age question is not provided, the Australian Bureau of Statistics imputes the age of the respondent, so there is no "Not stated" category for this variable. For more information on the data quality of Age, please refer to the Age data quality statement on the ABS website. Service age groups Derived from the Census question: 'What is the person's date of birth (or age last birthday)?' Groups the population by age into categories which reflect a similar life stage or service user profiles. Includes all persons except 'Overseas Visitors'. 0-4 Babies and pre-schoolers 5-11 Primary Schoolers 12-17 Secondary Schoolers 18-24 Tertiary education and transition to independence 25-34 Young workforce 35-49 Parents and homebuilders 50-59 Older workforce and emerging empty nesters 60-69 Empty nesters and retirees 70-84 Seniors 85+ Frail aged If an answer to the Age question is not provided, the Australian Bureau of Statistics imputes the age of the respondent, so there is no "Not stated" category for this variable. For more information on the data quality of Age, please refer to the Age data quality statement on the ABS website. Five year age groups Derived from the Census question: 'What is the person's date of birth (or age last birthday)?' Five year age groups provide equal age cohorts enabling direct comparison between all ages without distortion. Includes all persons except 'Overseas Visitors'. If an answer to the Age question is not provided, the Australian Bureau of Statistics imputes the age of the respondent, so there is no "Not stated" category for this variable. For more information on the data quality of Age, please refer to the Age data quality statement on the ABS website. Single year of age Derived from the Census question: 'What is the person's date of birth (or age last birthday)?' Presents single year of age data in an age-sex pyramid Includes all persons except 'Overseas Visitors'. Enables the identification of small groups and small changes in age structure over time as well as comparison by gender. Males appear on the left of the chart, and females presented to the same scale appear on the right of the chart. If an answer to the Age question is not provided, the Australian Bureau of Statistics imputes the age of the respondent, so there is no "Not stated" category for this variable. For more information on the data quality of Age, please refer to the Age data quality statement on the ABS website. Ancestry Derived from the Census question:

Page 176 of 198 'What is the person's ancestry?' Ancestry data are coded using the Australian Standard Classification of Cultural and Ethnic Groups (ASCCEG). Includes all persons. There is an element of subjectivity to ancestry, which is not present in birthplace or language data. Ancestry can represent a person's understanding of their own affiliations, rather than any objective measure of genealogy. 'Other Oceanian' includes Solomon Islander, Ni-Vanuatu, New Caledonian, I-Kiribati, Nauruan and others 'Other Polynesian' includes Hawaiian, Niuean, Tahitian, Tuvaluan and Tokelauan. 'Other British' includes British, nfd, Manx, Channel Islander 'Other North-Western European' includes Flemish, Frisian, Northern European nfd, Icelandic and others Other Southern/South East European' includes Basque, Roma/Gypsy, Montenegrin, Moldovan and others 'Other Eastern European' includes Belarusan, Eastern European nfd and others 'Other Arab peoples' includes Algerian, Kuwaiti, Libyan, Moroccan, Tunisian and others 'Sudanese' includes Sudanese, South Sudanese, Dinka, Nuer, Darfurian and others. 'Other Middle eastern peoples' includes Coptic, Mandaean and Berber. 'Other South East Asian' includes Balinese, Javanese, Sundanese and others. 'Other Northern Asian' includes Mongolian and Tibetan. 'Other Indian subcontinent' includes Burgher, Gujarati, Malayali, Bhutanese, Sikh, and others. 'Tamil' includes Tamil, nfd, Sri Lankan Tamil, Indian Tamil. 'Other Central Asian' includes Georgian, Kazakh, Pathan, Uzbek, Hazara and others. 'American' includes American and African American 'Other North American' includes Hispanic, Bermudan and others. 'Other South American' includes Bolivian, Ecuadorian, Guyanese, Venezuelan and Paraguayan. 'Other Central American' includes Nicaraguan, Costa Rican and others. 'Caribbean Islander' includes Jamaican, Cuban, Trinidadian and others. 'Central and West African' includes Ghanian, Nigerian, Liberian, Sierra Leonian, Senegalese, Congolese and others. 'Other Southern and East African' includes Kenyan, Oromo, Tanzanian, Ugandan, Zambian and others. 'Inadequately Described' includes 'African, so described', 'Asian, so described' and 'European, so described'. Please note the following issues with specific ancestry groups: 'Cypriot' was not collected in 2001. For the 2001 series Cypriot is included in 'Other Southern/Eastern European' which makes this category not directly comparable between 2001 and later years. 'Burmese peoples' includes Burmese, Anglo-Burmese, Mon, Karen and Chin. Karen was not separately identified in 2001 and Chin was not in 2006. These are two significant emerging groups in Australia, but have been combined into 'Burmese peoples' to enable comparisons with earlier years. 'Serbian/Yugoslavian' includes "Serbian" and "South Eastern European, nfd", which contains primarily people who in 2011 stated their ancestry as "Yugoslavian". Previously these were coded to "Serbian", so the categories have been combined for comparability in 2011. 'Bengali/Bangladeshi' includes 'Bengali' and the new 2011 category 'Bangladeshi'. People who responded 'Bangladeshi' in 2006 were coded to 'Bengali' so the two categories have been combined for comparability in 2011. 'Sri Lankan/Sinhalese' includes 'Sri Lankan' and 'Sinhalese'. Sri Lankan ancestry is a new category for 2011, which was previously combined with Sinhalese so these two categories have been combined to make the category comparable over time. Respondents can nominate up to two ancestries, and data are presented as multi-response. The numbers are a count of individual responses, but the percentages are expressed as a proportion of all people, meaning individuals can be counted twice in the table and percentages can add to more than 100%.

Page 177 of 198 IMPORTANT NOTE ABOUT COUNTING RESPONSES Please note that the 'Other ancestry' category in the table is not entirely a count of responses, nor entirely a count of persons. A total of 125 ancestry groupings were ordered from the ABS, covering most of the major ancestries included in the population. For the 'Other' categories mentioned above, if a respondent nominated two ancestries which both fall into the same 'other' category, they are only counted once in this table. However if they nominated ancestries which fell into two different categories in this table, they are counted twice. This includes ancestries which have had to be combined in 2011 for time series comparability, such as Sudanese. For example if a person nominated two ancestries, 'Nuer' and 'Darfurian', these would be counted in the table as a single response in the category 'Sudanese'. However if the person had nominated 'Nuer' and 'Morroccan', they would be counted as two responses in the table, once in 'Sudanese' and once in 'Other Arab Peoples'. Though the number of potential combinations which have this issue is large, they mostly represent unlikely combinations of ancestries, and for the most part, ancestries have been included in 'Other' categories due to their very low number of responses anyway. For this reason, the issue is likely to have a negligible effect on the data. In 2006, only about 20% of the population nominated more than one ancestry. For more information about this topic, please refer to the ABS data quality statement on Ancestry. Birthplace Derived from the Census question: 'In which country was the person born?' Country of Birth is classified using the Standard Australian Classification of Countries (2011) (ABS Cat. No. 1269.0) Includes all persons. The top 10 countries of birth for the selected area are shown in this table. The table is generated from a list of 125 birthplace which make up 99.2% of the overseas-born population of Australia. These birthplaces have been defined to enable direct comparison over time back to 1991, with the exceptions listed below. It is possible that a country of birth from outside this top 125 would feature in the top 10 list if it was separately included, but at present these are only shown in the 'Total Overseas Born' category. All 125 countries of birth are available in the Download Data section on this site. The full list of approximately 300 countries of birth is available on request from .id. 'United Kingdom' includes England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, Channel Islands, Isle of Man, and 'United Kingdom not further defined'. 'Serbia/Montenegro (fmr Republic of Yugoslavia)' includes Serbia and Montenegro, as well as 'South Eastern Europe nfd' in 2011 and 2006. Those people categorised to South Eastern Europe were primarily those who stated their birthplace as Yugoslavia, which did not exist as a nation in 2006. In 2001 it includes all people who listed their birthplace as Yugoslavia, while it is not available for 1996 and 1991 due to considerable changes to national boundaries in this region. 'China' excludes Taiwan, Macau and Hong Kong. 'Sudan' includes South Sudan. South Sudan is a new country which declared independence in 2011 and was recorded in the 2011 Census. For comparison with earlier Census years, data has been recombined for 2011 standard output. 'Bhutan' was available as a country of birth in 2006 and earlier years but has not been included in the profile for these years due to very small numbers in Australia. In 2006, there were only 137 people from Bhutan in Australia. It is included in 2011. 'Main English speaking countries' includes Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. 'Non-English speaking backgrounds' refers to persons born in countries not included in 'Main English speaking countries'. For more information on this topic please refer to the ABS data quality statement on Country of Birth. 'Not Stated' includes 'Inadequately Described' and 'At sea'. Year of arrival in Australia Derived from the Census question:

Page 178 of 198 'In what year did the person first arrive in Australia to live here for one year or more?' Includes persons born overseas who intend to be in Australia for at least one year. Excludes people born in Australia and those who did not state a country of birth. The data are displayed in 5 year groupings based on intercensal periods. For more information on this topic, please see the ABS data quality statement for Year of Arrival. Proficiency in English Derived from the Census question: 'How well does the person speak English?' English proficiency aims to measure the ability of persons who speak English as a Second Language to also speak English. Includes all persons who speak a language other than English at home. Excludes people who speak English at home. When viewed with other ethnic and cultural indicators, the data tends to reflect the ethnic composition of the population and the number of years of residence in Australia. In general, an area with a high proportion of migrants who have lived in Australia for many years, and/or have higher education levels, will have a higher proportion of those who speak English well or very well. Conversely, an area with many recent non-English speaking migrants, from lower socio-economic backgrounds (particularly refugees) will often have a higher proportion of those who speak English not well or not at all. Note: A person's English proficiency is based on a subjective assessment and should therefore be treated with caution. Responses to the question on Proficiency in English in the Census are subjective. For example, one respondent may consider that a response of 'Well' is appropriate if they can communicate well enough to do the shopping, while another respondent may consider such a response appropriate only for people who can hold a social conversation. Proficiency in English should be considered as an indicator of a person's ability to speak English and not a definitive measure of this ability. For more information on proficiency in English, please refer to the Proficiency in English data quality statement on the ABS website. Language spoken at home Derived from the Census question: 'Does the person speak a language other than English at home?' Language spoken at home is coded using the Australian Standard Classification of Languages, 2011 (ABS Cat. No. 1267.0) Language spoken at home is designed to measure 'first' or 'native' language, though some migrants who have been in Australia for many years may speak English at home is recorded. Includes all persons. Excludes multi-lingual populations. E.g. If I speak English and French, but mainly speak English at home, the fact that I speak French is not captured. The top 10 languages are shown provided they have more than 20 speakers. These top 10 are sorted from a list of 100 languages which combined make up 98.5% of the non-English speaking population of Australia in 2011. The full list of over 500 languages is available on request from .id. 'Not stated' includes the category 'Inadequately described'. Some languages are not available for earlier Census years. Issues are as follows: 'Tagalog' includes Filipino, which was recorded as a separate language from Tagalog in the 2006 and 2011 Censuses, but no such distinction was made in earlier Censuses. Filipino is a standardised version of Tagalog, incorporating words from other indigenous languages within the Philippines.

Page 179 of 198 'Persian' includes Dari, which was recorded as a separate language from Persian in the 2006 and 2011 Censuses, but no distinction was made in earlier Censuses. Dari is a localised name for Persian in Afghanistan. 'Min Nan' was recorded in 2011 to represent the languages previously recorded as Hokkien and Teochew, correctly classifying these as a single language. For comparability, Hokkien and Teochew have been combined in earlier Censuses. 'Assyrian/Aramaic' includes Assyrian, Chaldean and Aramaic languages. 'African Languages, nec' is no longer available due to the separation of many African languages into their own categories. These separated African languages are not available in time series. Please note that due to substantial changes in the language classification between 1991 and 1996, it is not possible to provide data on the full list of languages in 1991. The classification is non-comparable, so when 1991 is selected, only “Speaks English only” and “NonEnglish total” are provided. Religion Derived from the Census question: 'What is the person's religion?' Religion is coded using the Australian Standard Classification of Religious Groups (ASCRG), 2011. The religion question in the Census is an optional question and so has a relatively high rate of 'Not Stated' responses. Includes all persons. The classification for Religion has changed significantly over the last 20 years. To make it possible to compare religious affiliation over time the full list of 140 religions has been aggregated into 46 categories. The top 10 religious groups for the City of Botany Bay are presented from the aggregated list. All 46 categories are available in Download Data on this site and the full list of 140 religions collected in the Census is available from .id on request. 'Other Eastern Catholic' includes Melkite, Ukrainian and Chaldean. 'Other Oriental Orthodox' includes Syrian and Ethiopian Orthodox churches. 'Assyrian Apostolic' includes the Assyrian and Ancient Churches of the East. 'Other Eastern Orthodox' includes Antiochian, Romanian, Ukrainian Orthodox. 'Other Protestant includes Born Again Christian, Congregational, Evangelical Churches, Wesleyan Methodist Church and others. 'Other Christian' includes Ratana (Maori), Quakers, Christian Science, Gnostic Christians, New Apostolic Church and Temple Society. 'Christian, not further described' includes written responses of 'Christian'(no denomination specified), Apostolic Church, Church of God. 'Other Nature Religions' includes Animism, Druidism, Pantheism. 'Chinese and Japanese Religions' includes Confucianism, Taoism, Shinto and Ancestor Veneration. 'Other Non-Christian Religions' includes Scientology, Rastafarianism, Jaianism, Theosophy, Satanism and Zoroastrianism. 'Non Classifiable Religious Belief' includes Theism, 'Not Defined', and other responses including Jedi. 'No Religion' includes 'No Religion (not further described)', Atheism, Humanism, Rationalism and Agnosticism. Highest educational attainment Derived from the Census questions: 'What is the level of the highest qualification the person has completed?' and 'What is the highest year of primary or secondary school the person has completed?' Highest level of educational attainment is a combined variable derived from the two questions above. These qualifications form a continuum from highest education to lowest. Year 11 and 12 completion is considered a higher level than some certificate level qualifications, and some of those people appearing in this category may also Page 180 of 198 hold a vocational qualification (Cert I or II). This variable is applicable to all persons aged 15+. This variable is only available in the indigenous profile. Highest qualification achieved Derived from the Census question: 'What is the level of the highest qualification the person has completed?' This topic includes all persons aged 15 years and over. It relates to the level of the highest qualification achieved excluding school-based qualifications, as of Census day. Qualification levels are presented in descending order (of educational and time requirements), with Postgraduate Degrees being the highest, and “No qualification” the lowest. To be included, qualifications must be within scope of the question – that is, recognised by or equivalent to a qualification by an Australian university or tertiary institution. ‘Vocational’ includes all Certificate level qualifications, usually associated with trades. Note that it is not always necessary to have completed year 12 to obtain a Certificate level qualification, so the total of those with non-school qualifications should not be taken as the number of people who have completed year 12. This is contained within the “Highest level of schooling” topic. For more information please refer to the data quality statement for Highest Level of Schooling on the ABS website. Highest secondary school year completed Derived from the Census question: 'What is the highest year of primary or secondary school the person has completed?' Only 2006 and 2011 data are available for this topic, due to a change in the scope and wording of the question between 2001 and 2006 which makes earlier data non-comparable. Includes persons aged 15 years and over. 'Schooling' refers to primary and secondary schooling only, regardless of post-school qualifications achieved. For those respondents still at school, they are asked to mark their highest level of schooling completed to the previous year. Where respondents went to school overseas, they are advised to mark the box that most closely matches the school level they achieved in their country of origin. For more information about this topic, please refer to the data quality statement for Highest Year of School Completed on the ABS website. Education institute attending Derived from the Census question: 'What type of educational institution is the person attending?' Includes all persons 'Independent' refers to private and other non-Government schools. 'Catholic' refers to infant, primary and secondary schools run independently by the Catholic Church. 'TAFE' refers to Technical and Further Education institutions. 'Tertiary education' is usually taken to mean University and TAFE education. 'Not Attending' indicates that question 25 was not applicable because the person answered 'No' to question 24, which asks whether the person was attending an educational institution. 'Not stated' indicates that the person either did not state whether or not they were a student, or did not state what institution they were attending (or both). Results for this question are closely linked to the age structure of the population e.g. areas with large numbers of children will have high levels of school attendance. For more information about this topic, please refer to the data quality statement for Type of Educational Institution Page 181 of 198 Attending on the ABS website. Need for assistance Derived from the Census questions: 'Does the person ever need someone to help with, or be with them for, self care activities?', 'Does the person ever need someone to help with, or be with them for, body movement activities?', 'Does the person ever need someone to help with, or be with them for, communication activities?', and 'What are the reasons for the need for assistance or supervision shown in questions 20, 21 and 22?' (as per above). This data identifies people who report a need for assistance due to a 'profound or severe core activity limitation'. This population is defined as people who need assistance in their day to day lives with any or all of the following activities – selfcare, body movements or communication – because of a disability, longterm health condition, or old age. This question relies on people evaluating themselves, (or their carers), as being in need of assistance. Consequently this question provides an indication of the characteristics of people who report, or are reported as requiring, a need for assistance; but cannot be relied upon to provide details as to the total number of people with a 'profound or severe core activity limitation'. Persons under the age of 40 whose only stated reason for need for assistance was ‘old or young age’ are included under ‘no need for assistance’. This should not be viewed as the total population with a disability, as many people with a disability do not require assistance, and would therefore likely answer "no" to this question. For more information on types and levels of disability (including those not requiring assistance) please refer to the ABS publication 4430.0, Survey of Disability, Ageing and Carers. Excludes 'Overseas Visitors'. Labour force status Derived from the Census question: 'Last week did the person have a full time or part time job of any kind?' This topic includes persons aged 15 years and over, and assesses employment in the week prior to the Census. It is actually derived from 5 Census questions (34, 35, 44, 46 and 47), which look at whether the respondent had a job, if not, whether they were looking for work, and if they were looking for work whether they were able to start in the past week. To classify full or part-time work, the question on hours worked is also used. 'Employed full time' means having worked 35 hours or more in all jobs. 'Employed part time' means having worked less than 35 hours in all jobs. Please note that the full or parttime status refers only to the week before Census, not to a ‘usual’ number of hours. The 'Labour force' is all persons aged 15 years and over who are either employed or looking for work and available to start. Both full and part-time work counts towards the labour force. The percentages in the first table, showing employed and unemployed, are expressed as a percentage of those who are in the labour force. The ‘Unemployment Rate’ is defined as the number of unemployed persons (looking for work and available to start) as a percentage of the labour force. The percentage for ‘Unemployed’ in profile.id is the same as the unemployment rate. The ‘Participation Rate’ is defined as the labour force expressed as a percentage of the total population aged 15+. In profile.id, the percentage in the ‘Total labour force’ category in the second table can be regarded as the participation rate. Note, however that it is not directly comparable to participation rates derived from the ABS labour force monthly survey, because a proportion of the population (5.6% nationally in 2011) don’t state their labour force status. For this reason, Census participation rates are likely to be a little lower than those derived from the survey, but they are comparable over time and across geographic areas with other Census data. For more information please refer to the data quality statement for Labour Force Status on the ABS website.

Page 182 of 198 Industry Derived from the two Census questions: 'What best describes the business of your employer?' and 'What are the main goods produced or main services provided by your employers business?' This topic describes the industries in which employed people work. It applies only to persons aged 15 years and over, who were employed in the week prior to Census. Only 2006 and 2011 data are available for this topic as industry categories changed in 2006 so earlier Census years are not comparable. Includes the broadest 1-digit classification of industries. More detailed industry breakdowns are available in economy.id and directly from the ABS. Data for industry are coded using the Australia and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification 2006 (ANZSIC06). This classification looks at the main economic outputs of an business or organisation to classify it into a broad industry grouping. More information on how this is done is included in the classification. The industry classification is updated periodically to take account of emerging industries and changes in the structure of the economy. The ANZSIC classification was last updated in 2006. For more information on this topic please refer to the data quality statement for Industry of Employment on the ABS website. Occupations Derived from the two Census questions: 'In the main job held last week, what was the person's occupation?' and 'What are the main tasks that the person himself/herself usually performs in that occupation?' This topic describes the occupations of employed people who were employed in the week prior to the Census. It includes only persons aged 15 years and over who were employed in the week prior to Census. Only 2006 and 2011 data are available for this topic as occupation categories changed in 2006 so earlier Census years are not comparable. Includes the broadest 1-digit classification of occupations. More detailed occupation breakdowns are available in economy.id or directly from the ABS. Data for occupation are coded using the Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations (ANZSCO) . The occupation classification categorises occupations broadly based on skill level and educational qualifications required. The occupation classification is updated periodically to take account of emerging occupation groups and changes to the structure of the labour force. The most recent change was in 2006. Please note that it is not possible to derive an unemployment rate for a specific occupation (eg. how many unemployed truck drivers are there?). This is because occupation is only collected for those who are actually employed. An unemployed person by definition does not have an occupation. For more information on this topic please refer to the data quality statement for Occupation on the ABS website. Occupations Derived from the two Census questions: 'In the main job held last week, what was the person's occupation?' and 'What are the main tasks that the person himself/herself usually performs in that occupation?' This topic describes the occupations of employed people who were employed in the week prior to the Census. It includes only persons aged 15 years and over who were employed in the week prior to Census. Only 2006 and 2011 data are available for this topic as occupation categories changed in 2006 so earlier Census years are not comparable. Includes the broadest 1-digit classification of occupations. More detailed occupation breakdowns are available in Page 183 of 198 economy.id or directly from the ABS. Data for occupation are coded using the Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations (ANZSCO) . The occupation classification categorises occupations broadly based on skill level and educational qualifications required. The occupation classification is updated periodically to take account of emerging occupation groups and changes to the structure of the labour force. The most recent change was in 2006. Please note that it is not possible to derive an unemployment rate for a specific occupation (eg. how many unemployed truck drivers are there?). This is because occupation is only collected for those who are actually employed. An unemployed person by definition does not have an occupation. For more information on this topic please refer to the data quality statement for Occupation on the ABS website. Method of travel to work Derived from the Census question: 'How did the person get to work on Tuesday, 9 August 2011?' Method of travel to work relates specifically to the journey to work on the morning of Census day (or later that day for shift workers). This topic includes only to people aged 15 and over who were employed in the week prior to Census. Respondents can nominate up to three modes of travel. Because this results in 234 discrete categories based on combinations of 1,2 or 3 modes, this is an unwieldy dataset. For the purposes of profile.id, we have aggregated them into single methods, where certain methods override others. Aggregations are as follows: 'Train' includes any journey involving a train, whether or not other methods were used. 'Bus' includes any journey involving a bus, except for those also involving a train. ‘Tram or Ferry’ includes any journey involving a tram or ferry, except for those involving bus or train. 'Tram' includes light rail. In the 1996 and 1991 Census years, Tram and Ferry were combined as one item, so it is necessary to recombine them in later years in profile.id for reasons of comparability over time. 'Other' refers to any method not listed in the standard categories, plus any combination of two or three methods NOT involving a bus, train, tram or ferry. The remaining categories refer to a single method of travel (e.g. 'Car as driver' when no other method was used). 'Walked only', 'Worked at home' and 'Did not go to work' are exclusive and never presented in combination with other methods. Where multiple responses are provided on the Census form, which include one of these, these methods override the others. Further breakdowns of combinations of method of travel to work are available on request from .id for our Local Government Clients, or from the ABS. For more information please refer to the data quality statement for Method of Travel to Work (MTWP) on the ABS website. Voluntary work Derived from the Census question: 'In the last twelve months did the person spend any time doing voluntary work through an organisation or group?' Only 2006 and 2011 data are available for this topic as the question was only asked for the first time in 2006. Includes persons aged 15 years and over. Includes voluntary work undertaken in the 12 months prior to the Census. Includes help willingly given in the form of time, service or skills, to a club, organisation or association including: assisting at events and with sports organisations helping with school events and activities assisting in churches, hospitals, nursing homes and charities other kinds of volunteer work (e.g. emergency services)

Page 184 of 198 Excludes unpaid work done through a club, organisation or association mainly in order to qualify for government benefits such as Newstart Allowance. Excludes any activity which is part of a person's paid employment or family business. For more information about this topic, please refer to the data quality statement for Voluntary Work on the ABS website. Unpaid domestic work Derived from the Census question: 'In the last week did the person spend time doing unpaid domestic work for their household?' Only 2006 and 2011 data are available for this topic as the question was only asked for the first time in 2006. Includes persons aged 15 years and over. Includes domestic work undertaken in the week prior to Census night. Includes all the domestic work a person does without pay in their own home and in other places, for themselves, their family and other people in their household including: meal preparation, service and clean-up washing, ironing and managing clothes other housework gardening, mowing and yard work home maintenance car and bike maintenance household shopping and managing household financial affairs Excludes any household work performed as part of a paid job. For more information about this topic, please refer to the data quality statement for Domestic Work on the ABS website. Unpaid care Derived from the Census question: 'In the last two weeks did the person spend time providing unpaid care, help or assistance to family members or others because of a disability, a long term illness or problems related to old age?'. Only 2006 and 2011 data are available for this topic as the question was only asked for the first time in 2006. Includes persons aged 15 years and over. Includes care given in the two weeks prior to the Census. Includes unpaid help given to a person with a disability, a long term illness or problems related to old age to assist them with their daily activities. It can include assistance with: bathing, dressing, toileting and feeding mobility understanding or being understood by others emotional support medication dressing wounds food housework driving For more information about this topic, please refer to the data quality statement for Unpaid Assistance on the ABS website. Unpaid childcare Derived from the Census question: 'In the last two weeks did the person spend time looking after a child, without pay?', which specifically asks Page 185 of 198 respondents to differentiate between caring for their own children and caring for others children. Only 2006 and 2011 data are available for this topic as the question was only asked for the first time in 2006. Includes persons aged 15 years and over. Includes the time a person spends caring for a child or children under the age of 15 without being paid, in the two weeks prior to Census. Excludes caring for children in a paid capacity (e.g. at a child care centre. 'Cared for own child/ren' includes people caring for their own children, whether they usually live with them or not. 'Cared for other child/ren' can include people looking after their own grandchildren or the children of other relatives or the children of friends or neighbours, or involved in unpaid family day care. For more information about this topic, please refer to the data quality statement for Unpaid Child Care on the ABS website. Individual income Derived from the Census question: 'What is the total of all wages/salaries, government benefits, pensions, allowances and other income the person usually receives?' Individual income data presents the total gross income (including pensions and allowances) that a person usually receives each week. Includes persons aged 15 years and over. Only 2011 data are presented for this topic as income ranges are altered every five years to adjust for inflation and wages growth so comparison over time is not possible. Individual income quartiles Derived from the Census question: 'What is the total of all wages/salaries, government benefits, pensions, allowances and other income the person usually receives?' See notes for Individual income as well. Individual income categories are not comparable over time because of the influences of economic change such as inflation. Income quartiles are the most objective method of comparing change in the income profile of a community over time. Individual income quartiles look at the distribution of incomes in the area of interest relative to New South Wales. Income quartiles are created for New South Wales by ranking individuals from the lowest incomes to the highest incomes and then dividing the list into four equal groups or quartiles. This is repeated for each Census period. The table shows the income categories for each quartile in each Census period. For the purposes of calculating quartiles, individuals not stating their income in the Census are excluded.

Enumerated quartile group dollar ranges (Individuals)

Calculated from income data for New South Wales Weekly income by Census year

Individual quartile ranges 2011 2006 2001 1996 1991 Lowest group $0 to $266 $0 to $207 $0 to $183 $0 to $148 $0 to $129

Medium lowest $267 to $561 $208 to $460 $184 to $386 $149 to $297 $130 to $277

Medium highest $562 to $1,092 $461 to $894 $387 to $719 $298 to $563 $278 to $498

Highest group $1,093 and over $895 and over $720 and over $564 and over $499 and over

The analysis shows the number and proportion of individuals in the City of Botany Bay falling into each of the four quartiles. This gives a clear picture of how incomes in the City of Botany Bay compare to New South Wales. In New South Wales 25% of persons fall into each category by definition. If, for example, the the City of Botany Bay has 35% in the top category and only 15% in the lowest, this indicates that the the City of Botany Bay has proportionally more Page 186 of 198 high income individuals and less low income individuals. More importantly, the dataset for New South Wales is grouped into those four equal categories for each Census back to 1991 independently. Repeating this process for each Census period, enables a comparison of areas over time, because the quartile becomes a constant, regardless of the dollar amounts involved enabling you to track change in a local area independent of inflation. For example, if the City of Botany Bay has had an increase in the number of individuals in the top income quartile, this indicates that incomes are increasing in real terms, relative to other parts of the State. Household income Derived from the Census question: 'What is the total of all wages/salaries, government benefits, pensions, allowances and other income the person usually receives?' Household income data presents the total weekly incomes of all persons over the age of 15 in the household. Excludes 'Other non-classifiable households'. Only 2011 data are presented for this topic as income ranges are altered every five years to adjust for inflation and wages growth so comparison over time is not possible. For income in time series, please see Household Income Quartiles. 'Partial income not stated' includes households where at least one, but not all, member(s) aged 15 years and over did not state an income and/or at least one household member aged 15 years and over was temporarily absent. In these cases, the aggregate of all stated individual incomes would be less than the true household income so these households are excluded from the calculation. 'All incomes not stated' includes households where no members present stated an income, and these are also excluded. As individual income is collected in ranges, in order to calculate household income, a dollar value has to be imputed by the ABS to each range, then the individual incomes are aggregated, and output into ranges again. There is an inherent uncertainty in this process, so household incomes should only be treated as a guide to the income level in an area, not an exact calculation. For more information on income imputation, please see the ABS Fact Sheet – Income in the Census. For more information on this topic, please see the ABS data quality statement on Total Household Income (HIND). Household income quartiles Derived from the Census question: 'What is the total of all wages/salaries, government benefits, pensions, allowances and other income the person usually receives?' See notes for Household incomes as well. Household income categories are not comparable over time because of the influences of economic change such as inflation. Income quartiles are the most objective method of comparing change in the income profile of a community over time. Household income quartiles look at the distribution of incomes in the area of interest relative to New South Wales. Income quartiles are created for New South Wales by ranking households from the lowest incomes to the highest incomes and then dividing the list into four equal groups or quartiles. This is repeated for each Census period. The table shows the income categories for each quartile in each Census period. For the purposes of calculating quartiles, households not stating their income in the Census are excluded.

Quartile group dollar ranges (Households)

Calculated from income data for New South Wales Weekly income by Census year

Household income ranges 2011 2006 2001 1996 1991 Lowest group $0 to $614 $0 to $530 $0 to $418 $0 to $337 $0 to $302

Page 187 of 198 Quartile group dollar ranges (Households)

Calculated from income data for New South Wales Weekly income by Census year

Household income ranges 2011 2006 2001 1996 1991 Medium lowest $615 to $1,233 $531 to $1,034 $419 to $828 $338 to $652 $303 to $582

Medium highest $1,234 to $2,272 $1,035 to $1,788 $829 to $1,462 $653 to $1,146 $583 to $975

Highest group $2,273 and over $1,789 and over $1,463 and over $1,147 and over $976 and over

The analysis shows the number and proportion of households in the City of Botany Bay falling into each of the four quartiles. This gives a clear picture of how incomes in the City of Botany Bay compare to New South Wales. In New South Wales 25% of households fall into each category by definition. If for example, the City of Botany Bay has 35% in the top category and only 15% in the lowest, this indicates that the City of Botany Bay has proportionally more high income households and less low income households. More importantly, the dataset for New South Wales is grouped into those four equal categories for each Census back to 1991 independently. Repeating this process for each Census period, enables a comparison of areas over time, because the quartile becomes a constant, regardless of the dollar amounts involved enabling you to track change in a local area independent of inflation. For example, if the City of Botany Bay has had an increase in the number of households in the top income quartile, this indicates that incomes are increasing in real terms, relative to other parts of the State. Equivalised household income quartiles Derived from the Census question: 'What is the total of all wages/salaries, government benefits, pensions, allowances and other income the person usually receives?' Equivalised household income can be viewed as an indicator of the economic resources available to a standardised household. For a lone person household equivalised income is equal to household income. For a household comprising more than one person, it is an indicator of the household income that would be needed by a lone person household to enjoy the same level of economic wellbeing. As an example, consider the case of a family of two adults, and three children aged 8, 13 and 16. If they have a household income of $2,000 per week, it is clearly not reasonable to compare their income to that of a lone person household with an income of $2,000 per week who would have far less living expenses. However it is also not reasonable to simply divide the income by the five people in the household, as there are economies of scale in larger households. This is why equivalised household income divides the household income by an equivalence factor, according to the 'modified OECD' equivalence scale. This factor is derived by adding the following: First Adult + 1 Second and subsequent adults, and children over 15 +0.5 Children under 15 + 0.3 So our family of 5 would have an equivalence factor of 2.6 (1 for the first adult, 2 additional adults at 0.5, and 2 children under 15 at 0.3). Income is divided by this to arrive at the equivalised household income, which in this case would be $769. This is the income a lone person would need to have to be equivalent in living standards to this family of five. Because it is only RELATIVE equivalised income that matters, rather than the actual dollar amount, only income quartiles are presented on this page. For details of how quartiles are calculated and used, please see the data notes for Household income quartiles. For more information about the calculation of Equivalised Household Income, please see the ABS data quality statement. Equivalised household income quartiles Derived from the Census question:

Page 188 of 198 'What is the total of all wages/salaries, government benefits, pensions, allowances and other income the person usually receives?' Equivalised household income can be viewed as an indicator of the economic resources available to a standardised household. For a lone person household equivalised income is equal to household income. For a household comprising more than one person, it is an indicator of the household income that would be needed by a lone person household to enjoy the same level of economic wellbeing. As an example, consider the case of a family of two adults, and three children aged 8, 13 and 16. If they have a household income of $2,000 per week, it is clearly not reasonable to compare their income to that of a lone person household with an income of $2,000 per week who would have far less living expenses. However it is also not reasonable to simply divide the income by the five people in the household, as there are economies of scale in larger households. This is why equivalised household income divides the household income by an equivalence factor, according to the 'modified OECD' equivalence scale. This factor is derived by adding the following: First Adult + 1 Second and subsequent adults, and children over 15 +0.5 Children under 15 + 0.3 So our family of 5 would have an equivalence factor of 2.6 (1 for the first adult, 2 additional adults at 0.5, and 2 children under 15 at 0.3). Income is divided by this to arrive at the equivalised household income, which in this case would be $769. This is the income a lone person would need to have to be equivalent in living standards to this family of five. Because it is only RELATIVE equivalised income that matters, rather than the actual dollar amount, only income quartiles are presented on this page. For details of how quartiles are calculated and used, please see the data notes for Household income quartiles. For more information about the calculation of Equivalised Household Income, please see the ABS data quality statement. Households summary Derived from the Census question: 'What is the person's relationship [to each other person in the household]?' Describes the type of family and non-family households within a dwelling. Includes all households within occupied private dwellings. Excludes persons counted in non-private dwellings 'A household' is a group of people living in a private dwelling making shared provision for meals. 'A family' is a group of people living in a private dwelling who are related by blood or marriage (including de-facto marriage and same-sex couples). Households may contain up to three families each with a different family composition. Family households in this table are classified into broad family type by the family composition of the primary family only. This significantly simplifies the reading of the table. Multiple family households make up a very small proportion of all households (less than 2% nationwide) so this simplification is expected to have negligible effect on the output. Household data are based on place of enumeration only – people recorded as being temporarily absent from households are included for the purposes of assessing household composition, but where the entire household was away on Census night, residents are not moved back into households by the usual resident process (unoccupied dwellings remain unoccupied). 'Other families' includes any household of related individuals where a parent-child or couple relationship does not exist (e.g. siblings, uncle/nephew, grandparent-grandchild). 'Group household' includes any household consisting of two or more unrelated individuals. 'Visitor only households' includes all households where there were no usual residents of the dwelling present (i.e. all persons in the household were resident elsewhere). An example of this would be a family staying in a holiday

Page 189 of 198 apartment. No family information is recorded in this case. 'Other not classifiable' households consist mainly of dwellings which the Census Collector believes were occupied on Census night but from which no form was returned. A small proportion of households in this category are those where only children aged under 15 were present on Census night (no adults). Same sex couple families are included in this table but not separately identified. For more information on household and family type, please refer to the data quality statements for Household Composition and Family Composition on the ABS website. Households summary Derived from the Census question: 'What is the person's relationship [to each other person in the household]?' Describes the type of family and non-family households within a dwelling. Includes all households within occupied private dwellings. Excludes persons counted in non-private dwellings 'A household' is a group of people living in a private dwelling making shared provision for meals. 'A family' is a group of people living in a private dwelling who are related by blood or marriage (including de-facto marriage and same-sex couples). Households may contain up to three families each with a different family composition. Family households in this table are classified into broad family type by the family composition of the primary family only. This significantly simplifies the reading of the table. Multiple family households make up a very small proportion of all households (less than 2% nationwide) so this simplification is expected to have negligible effect on the output. Household data are based on place of enumeration only – people recorded as being temporarily absent from households are included for the purposes of assessing household composition, but where the entire household was away on Census night, residents are not moved back into households by the usual resident process (unoccupied dwellings remain unoccupied). 'Other families' includes any household of related individuals where a parent-child or couple relationship does not exist (e.g. siblings, uncle/nephew, grandparent-grandchild). 'Group household' includes any household consisting of two or more unrelated individuals. 'Visitor only households' includes all households where there were no usual residents of the dwelling present (i.e. all persons in the household were resident elsewhere). An example of this would be a family staying in a holiday apartment. No family information is recorded in this case. 'Other not classifiable' households consist mainly of dwellings which the Census Collector believes were occupied on Census night but from which no form was returned. A small proportion of households in this category are those where only children aged under 15 were present on Census night (no adults). Same sex couple families are included in this table but not separately identified. For more information on household and family type, please refer to the data quality statements for Household Composition and Family Composition on the ABS website. Households with children by life stage Derived from the Census question: 'What is the person's relationship [to each other person in the household]?' Presents a subset of household/family type data, based on those households who have children. Includes households, by the family type of the primary family in the dwelling. Where there is more than one family in a household, the type of family is coded by the "primary family", which is normally the first family recorded on the Census form. Excludes 'Overseas visitors', but people temporarily absent from households are included in the Census when assessing the household type (e.g. a couple family with an absent partner is still recorded as a couple family if the partner's details are recorded in the "persons temporarily absent" field).

Page 190 of 198 'Children' include either children under 15 (dependent by definition), dependent students aged 15-24, or independent children who are either non-students aged 15-24, or anyone over the age of 25. To be counted in this table, a parent-child relationship must exist in the household. Couples and single parent families are broken into three 'life stages' based entirely on the age of the children. The age of parents is not a factor in this classification: 'Young children' includes households where all children are aged under 15. 'Mixed age children' includes households where there are children (two or more) both aged under 15, and 15 or over. 'Older children' includes households where all children are aged 15 or over. This can include adult-non dependent children. Note that to be included in the 'Mixed age children' category a household MUST have more than one child present. A household with one child would move directly from the 'Young children' to the 'Older children' category under this classification. For more general information about the classification of households in profile.id®, please see the data notes for the Household Summary table. For more information on household and family type, please refer to the data quality statements for Household Composition and Family Composition on the ABS website. Households without children by life stage Derived from the Census question: 'What is the person's relationship [to each other person in the household]?' Presents a subset of household/family type data, based on couple and lone person households without children. Includes same-sex couples. Couples and lone persons are broken into three 'life stages' based on the age of the household reference person. The household reference person is normally 'Person 1' on the Census form, and relationships in the household are defined by reference to this person. Where a child or visitor to the household is listed as person 1, the ABS allocates a different individual on the form to be the household reference person. In the case of a lone person household, the lone person is the household reference person. In the case of a couple it may be either adult. It is no indication of household headship. 'Young' includes households where the household reference person is aged 15-44. 'Middle-aged' includes households where the household reference person is aged 45-64. 'Older' includes households where the household reference person is aged 65+ For more general information about the classification of households in profile.id®, please see the data notes for the 'Household Summary' table. For more information on household and family type, please refer to the data quality statements for Household Composition and Family Composition on the ABS website. Household size Derived from the three Census questions: 'Name of each person including visitors who spent the night of Tuesday, 9 August 2011 in this dwelling', and 'Where does the person usually live?', and 'Are there any persons who usually live in this dwelling who were absent on Census Night (Tuesday, 9 August 2011)?' Counts households by the number of persons usually resident on Census night. Includes occupied private dwellings with at least one resident home on Census night. Includes people who were at home on Census night, and up to three people listed as being temporarily absent from the dwelling. Excludes people who were in the dwelling but not usually resident there (i.e.visitors). Excludes households where the entire household was absent on Census night - the dwelling is either unoccupied or has visitors only. Page 191 of 198 For more information on this topic please see the ABS data quality statement on Number of Persons Usually Resident. Household size Derived from the three Census questions: 'Name of each person including visitors who spent the night of Tuesday, 9 August 2011 in this dwelling', and 'Where does the person usually live?', and 'Are there any persons who usually live in this dwelling who were absent on Census Night (Tuesday, 9 August 2011)?' Counts households by the number of persons usually resident on Census night. Includes occupied private dwellings with at least one resident home on Census night. Includes people who were at home on Census night, and up to three people listed as being temporarily absent from the dwelling. Excludes people who were in the dwelling but not usually resident there (i.e.visitors). Excludes households where the entire household was absent on Census night - the dwelling is either unoccupied or has visitors only. For more information on this topic please see the ABS data quality statement on Number of Persons Usually Resident. Dwelling type Derived from the Census: 'Dwelling Type is derived from an assessment by the Census Collector who observes and records the type of dwelling structure.' Categorises the type and structure of dwellings. Includes all private dwellings. This is the only Census output which is classified by the Census collector on visiting the household, not by the respondent to the Census. The categories used by the ABS are subject to systematic misinterpretation by Census collectors, particularly in determining the difference between semi-detached/townhouses and blocks of flats in 1-2 storey blocks. For this reason, to maintain consistency over time, the categories used here combine these two categories as 'medium density'. This creates a better measure of actual change over time in an area. We have applied the term 'density' here to the structure of the dwelling and not the number of dwellings per hectare. 'Separate house' includes all free-standing dwellings separated from neighbouring dwellings by a gap of at least half a metre. 'Medium density' includes all semi-detached, row, terrace, townhouses and villa units, plus flats and apartments in blocks of 1 or 2 storeys, and flats attached to houses. 'High density' includes flats and apartments in 3 storey and larger blocks. 'Caravans, cabins, houseboats' includes all such mobile accommodation, both inside and outside caravan parks (including caravans in private backyards. 'Other' includes houses and flats attached to shops or offices, and improvised homes, tents and sleepers out on Census night. 'Unoccupied dwellings' are shown in a separate table. An unoccupied dwelling is a dwelling where the Census Collector determined that it was vacant on Census night. Where a collector cannot determine this, the dwelling is usually treated as occupied. Dwellings may be unoccupied for a variety of reasons including: Residents away temporarily. Dwelling vacant or for sale. Dwelling derelict. Dwelling used as a holiday home and currently not being used. 'Non-private dwellings' are dwellings which provide a communal form of accommodation such as Hotels, Motels, Page 192 of 198 Nursing Homes, Hospitals, Army Barracks, Staff Quarters, Boarding Houses, Homeless shelters, Youth hostels and Ski Lodges. At approximately 0.1% he non-response rate for this variable is very low, because it is answered by the collector and imputed by the Data Processing Centre from surrounding dwellings and other information where the collector has not stated it. Please note that in previous versions of profile.id the breakdown of dwelling structure related only to occupied dwellings. This has now been extended to all private dwellings, including unoccupied ones, with data consistent back to 1991. For more information on this topic, please see the ABS data quality statements on Dwelling Structure and Dwelling Type. Number of bedrooms Derived from the Census question: 'How many bedrooms are there in this dwelling?' Counts the number of rooms used as bedrooms in occupied private dwellings. Includes occupied private dwellings. Excludes unoccupied private dwellings because the number of bedrooms is recorded by the householder. Excludes non-private dwellings. 'None (includes bedsits)' includes bedsits and studios where the living area is also a bedroom. For more information on this topic please see the ABS data quality statement on Number of Bedrooms. Type of internet connection Derived from the Census question: 'Can the Internet be accessed at this dwelling?' Presents information about the type of Internet connection available in private occupied dwellings. Only 2006 and 2011 data are available for this topic as the question was asked in this way for the first time in 2006 replacing the questions in the 2001 Census relating to internet use and computer use. Relates to the dwelling, not individuals – no information is collected on whether individuals use the internet, only whether the internet can be accessed at the dwelling. 'Broadband connection' includes ADSL, Cable, Wireless and Satellite connection. 'Dial-up connection' includes analog modem and ISDN connections. 'Other' includes Internet access through mobile phones, set-top boxes, games machines or connections other than dial-up or broadband. Time series information for Australia shows that dial-up access has fallen to less than 2% of households, and been overtaken by the 'Other' category. It is likely that the 'Other' category mainly consists of households accessing the internet through their mobile phones. For more information on this topic, please see the ABS data quality statement on Type of Internet Connection. Car ownership Derived from the Census question: 'How many registered motor vehicles owned or used by residents of this dwelling were garaged or parked at or near this dwelling on the night of Tuesday, 9 August 2011?' Counts the number of registered motor vehicles owned or used by household members, garaged, parked at or near private dwellings on Census night. Includes households in occupied private dwellings Includes company owned vehicles

Page 193 of 198 Excludes motorbikes, scooters tractors and push bikes. Vehicles must be registered and driveable to be counted. For more information on this topic, please see the ABS data quality statement for Number of Motor Vehicles. Housing tenure Derived from the Census questions: 'Is this dwelling [owned outright, owned with a mortgage etc.]', and 'If this dwelling is being rented, who is it rented from?' Presents the tenure type of occupied private dwellings, and for those dwellings being rented, provides a breakdown of the type of landlord the dwelling is being rented from. Includes occupied private dwellings. 'Fully owned' includes dwellings that are owned by its occupants in full, with no mortgage. 'Being purchased' includes all dwellings being paid off with a mortgage, as well as dwellings being purchased under a rent/buy scheme. 'Renting – social housing' includes households renting from a State/Territory Government housing authority (generally referred to as public housing) and households renting from a housing co-operative, community organisation or church group. 'Renting – private' refers to households renting from a real estate agent, a private person or an employer. 'Renting – not stated' refers to households who stated they were renting but did not state their landlord type. 'Other tenure type' includes life tenure schemes, squatting and other forms of occupancy. Please note that due to a change in wording of the tenure type question between the 2001 and 2006 Censuses, care should be taken in interpreting change between the 2001 Census and either 2006 or 2011. This break in series applies only to the 'Fully owned' and 'Being purchased' categories. The new wording of the question resulted in a higher response to 'Being purchased' (now known on the form as 'Owned with a mortgage', and showing an apparent increase in this category at the expense of 'Fully owned' between 2001 and 2006. For more information on this topic please see the ABS data quality statement on Tenure Type. Housing tenure Derived from the Census questions: 'Is this dwelling [owned outright, owned with a mortgage etc.]', and 'If this dwelling is being rented, who is it rented from?' Presents the tenure type of occupied private dwellings, and for those dwellings being rented, provides a breakdown of the type of landlord the dwelling is being rented from. Includes occupied private dwellings. 'Fully owned' includes dwellings that are owned by its occupants in full, with no mortgage. 'Being purchased' includes all dwellings being paid off with a mortgage, as well as dwellings being purchased under a rent/buy scheme. 'Renting – social housing' includes households renting from a State/Territory Government housing authority (generally referred to as public housing) and households renting from a housing co-operative, community organisation or church group. 'Renting – private' refers to households renting from a real estate agent, a private person or an employer. 'Renting – not stated' refers to households who stated they were renting but did not state their landlord type. 'Other tenure type' includes life tenure schemes, squatting and other forms of occupancy. Please note that due to a change in wording of the tenure type question between the 2001 and 2006 Censuses, care should be taken in interpreting change between the 2001 Census and either 2006 or 2011. This break in series applies only to the 'Fully owned' and 'Being purchased' categories. The new wording of the question resulted in a higher response to 'Being purchased' (now known on the form as 'Owned with a mortgage', and showing an apparent

Page 194 of 198 increase in this category at the expense of 'Fully owned' between 2001 and 2006. For more information on this topic please see the ABS data quality statement on Tenure Type. Housing loan repayments Derived from the Census questions: 'How much does your household pay for this dwelling?' and 'Is this dwelling [owned outright, owned with a mortgage etc.]' Presents monthly housing loan repayments made by a household to purchase the dwelling in which the household was counted on Census night. Includes households (occupied private dwellings) who are purchasing their dwelling with a mortgage or under a dwelling under a 'rent/buy' scheme. Includes caravans if they have a mortgage. Housing loan repayment quartiles Derived from the Census questions: 'How much does your household pay for this dwelling?' and 'Is this dwelling [owned outright, owned with a mortgage etc.]' See notes for Housing loan repayments as well. Housing loan repayment categories are not comparable over time because of the influences of inflation. The quartile method is the most objective method of comparing change in mortgage payments in an area over time. Mortgage quartiles look at the distribution of mortgage payments among households paying off their home in the City of Botany Bay relative to New South Wales. Mortgage quartiles are created for New South Wales by ranking all mortgagor households from the lowest payments to the highest payments and then dividing the list into four equal groups or quartiles. This is repeated for each Census period. The table shows the payment categories for each quartile in each Census period.

Quartile group dollar ranges (Housing loan repayments)

Calculated from loan repayment data for New South Wales Monthly housing loan repayments by Census year

Household income ranges 2011 2006 2001 1996 Lowest group $0 to $1,266 $0 to $993 $0 to $723 $0 to $605

Medium lowest $1,267 to $1,995 $994 to $1,557 $724 to $1,069 $606 to $905

Medium highest $1,996 to $2,853 $1,558 to $2,416 $1,070 to $1,550 $906 to $1,268

Highest group $2,854 and over $2,417 and over $1,551 and over $1,269 and over

The analysis shows the number and proportion of mortgagor households in the City of Botany Bay falling into each of the four quartiles. This gives a clear picture of how mortgage payments in the City of Botany Bay compare to New South Wales. In New South Wales 25% of persons fall into each category by definition. If, for example, the City of Botany Bay has 35% in the bottom category and only 15% in the highest, this indicates that the the City of Botany Bay has proportionally more people paying low mortgage repayments relative to the State, and less high mortgage payments. More importantly, the dataset for New South Wales is grouped into those four equal categories for the 2011, 2006 and 2001 Census independently. Repeating this process for each Census period, enables a comparison of areas over time, because the quartile becomes a constant, regardless of the dollar amounts involved enabling you to track change in a local area independent of inflation. For example, if the City of Botany Bay has had an increase in the proportion of households in the top mortgage payment quartile, this indicates that perhaps a large cohort of the population have bought in recently or the area has opened up to first home buyers, or perhaps the price of homes has just increased. Housing rental payments Derived from the Census questions: Page 195 of 198 'How much does your household pay for this dwelling?' and 'Is this dwelling [owned outright, owned with a mortgage etc.]' Presents weekly rent paid by for the dwelling in which they were counted on Census night. Includes households (occupied private dwellings) renting their dwelling or occupying it rent free. Australia-wide 3.7% of rented dwellings were occupied rent free. Includes caravans being rented. Excludes 'Other not classifiable' households as no information about their tenure type is available. Note: Rent is a better indicator of the value of housing in an area than mortgage repayments, as the rent paid is less dependent on when the occupants moved in, and there is no equity component which reduces the cost (rent-buy schemes are included as mortgages, not rent). For more information on this topic please refer to the ABS data quality statement for Weekly Rental Payments. Housing rental payment quartiles Derived from the Census questions: 'How much does your household pay for this dwelling?' and 'Is this dwelling [owned outright, owned with a mortgage etc.]' See data notes for Rental payments as well. Rental payment categories are not comparable over time because of the influences of inflation. The quartile method is the most objective method of comparing change in the rental payments of an area over time. Rental payment quartiles look at the distribution of rents among rented households in the City of Botany Bay relative to New South Wales. Rental quartiles are created for New South Wales by ranking all renting households from the lowest payments to the highest payments and then dividing the list into four equal groups or quartiles. This is repeated for each Census period. The table shows the payment categories for each quartile in each Census period.

Quartile group dollar ranges (Housing rental payments)

Calculated from rental payment data for New South Wales Weekly housing rental payments by Census year

Household income ranges 2011 2006 2001 1996 Lowest group $0 to $1,266 $0 to $993 $0 to $723 $0 to $605

Medium lowest $1,267 to $1,995 $994 to $1,557 $724 to $1,069 $606 to $905

Medium highest $1,996 to $2,853 $1,558 to $2,416 $1,070 to $1,550 $906 to $1,268

Highest group $2,854 and over $2,417 and over $1,551 and over $1,269 and over

The analysis shows the number and proportion of renting households in the City of Botany Bay falling into each of the four quartiles. This gives a clear picture of how rents in the City of Botany Bay compare to New South Wales. In New South Wales 25% of persons fall into each category by definition. If, for example, the City of Botany Bay has 35% in the bottom category and only 15% in the highest, this indicates that the City of Botany Bay has proportionally more people paying low rents relative to the State, and less high rent payers. More importantly, the dataset for New South Wales is grouped into four equal categories for the 2011, 2006 and 2001 Census independently. Repeating this process for each Census period, enables a comparison of areas over time, because the quartile becomes a constant, regardless of the dollar amounts involved enabling you to track change in a local area independent of inflation. For example, if the City of Botany Bay has had an increase in the number of households in the top rent payment quartile, this indicates that perhaps the area is gentrifying with rents increasing faster than in other parts of the State. Migration summary Derived from the Census questions: 'Where does the person usually live?' and 'Where did the person usually live five years ago (at 9 August 2006)'. Migration information is collected by the ABS by a series of questions asking where a person usually lived 1 year and 5 years prior to Census day. Only 5-year migration figures are presented here. Page 196 of 198 The table population is all persons resident in the area on Census night, and it is broken down by their previous location, within the area, within the same state, interstate, overseas or an unknown area. The total of residents who moved within the same state includes a small percentage who were coded by the ABS to the “State undefined” category. There is a possibility that some of these may have been resident in the local area and have been incorrectly coded, but this is likely to have negligible impact on the overall percentages in each category. Note that migration between 2006 and 2011 is only applicable for those persons aged 5 years and over on Census day 2011. Residents who were born in the interim cannot have a usual address 5 years ago. As the percentages are calculated on the total population, areas with high proportions of 0-4 year olds may have correspondingly lower percentages in the categories of movement. Migration to and from Derived from the Census questions: 'Where does the person usually live?' and 'Where did the person usually live five years ago (at 9 August 2006)'. Migration information is collected by the ABS by a series of questions asking where a person usually lived 1 year and 5 years prior to Census day. Only 5-year migration figures are presented here. This table shows the in, out and net migration figures for people (aged 5+) who moved within different geographic areas. ‘In migration’ relates to people who in 2011 lived within City of Botany Bay, but 5 years earlier (in 2006) lived elsewhere (in the area listed in the rows). ‘Out migration’ relates to people who in 2011 lived elsewhere in Australia (in the area listed in the rows), but who stated that in 2006 they lived in City of Botany Bay. ‘Net migration’ equals ‘In migration’ minus ‘Out migration’. The LGA tables are ranked by the areas of largest positive and negative net migration respectively. The state tables show all states and territories, regardless of the level of migration gain or loss. The total of residents who moved within the same state includes a small percentage who were coded by the ABS to the ‘State undefined’ category. There is a possibility that some of these may have been resident in the local area and have been incorrectly coded. For the purposes of this table, however, all residents in ‘State undefined’ 5 years ago who lived in City of Botany Bay in 2011 are counted as movement into the area. The summary table shows in and out migration within the same state, to other states, and overseas. Please note that it is not possible to calculate a net migration figure for overseas, as the Census doesn’t count people who are overseas on Census day. So we only have data on those who moved in from overseas. Migration by age Derived from the Census questions: 'Where does the person usually live?' and 'Where did the person usually live five years ago (at 9 August 2006)'. Migration information is collected by the ABS by a series of questions asking where a person usually lived 1 year and 5 years prior to Census day. Only 5-year migration figures are presented here. The migration by age figures show the number of people who moved in and out of City of Botany Bay between 2006 and 2011, by their age group. The age groups used correspond with the ages shown in the ‘Service Age Groups’ page under ‘What is the population?’. They are used because these age groups correlate highly with life stages when people are likely to make housing decisions and move (eg. leaving home, starting a family, retirement). ‘In migration’ relates to people who in 2011 lived within City of Botany Bay, but 5 years earlier (in 2006) lived elsewhere in Australia. ‘Out migration’ relates to people who in 2011 lived elsewhere in Australia (in the area listed in the rows), but who stated that in 2006 they lived in City of Botany Bay. ‘Net migration’ equals ‘In migration’ minus ‘Out migration’. Please note that overseas migration is NOT included in this table, which relates only to migration within Australia. It is

Page 197 of 198 possible to have increasing population even if net migration of all age groups is negative, due to births and overseas migration. For more information please refer to the ABS Data Quality Statement for Place of Usual Residence 5 years Ago on the ABS website. Residential location of workers Derived from the Census: 'For the main job held last week, what was the person's workplace address?' This dataset is known as Journey to Work, and is derived from Census question 41 – "For the main job held last week, what was the person's workplace address?" With residential address also known, Journey to Work comprises a matrix linking origin (residence) and work destination. The data presented here in table form show the Statistical Local Area of residence for employed persons who work within City of Botany Bay. The map shows the spatial distribution of these workers. Please note that the workforce in a Local Government Area calculated from Census data is generally considered to be an undercount, due to the number of people whose workplace address was not stated, could not be accurately coded, or stated a non-permanent workplace address ('no fixed place of work'). These people appear in the employment data at their residential location but cannot be coded to a work destination. In 2011, a record number (over 1 million or 10% of employed persons) have been coded to an undefined work destination which cannot be mapped, and so these are excluded from the working population. For this reason some LGAs may notice an apparent drop in their Census-based workforce numbers between 2006 and 2011. While only 2011 data are presented here, this is most likely the reason. If comparing work destination information with Method of Travel to work, please note the differing time periods – Workplace address relates to the week prior to Census, while Method of Travel relates to the morning of Census day. This has a negligible effect on the total counts but can explain some of the small numbers of strange LGA-LGA pairings which crop up such as people appearing to travel interstate to work. Some of these may be genuinely Fly- in/Fly-out workers (likely if the work destination is a known mining area), but others may have moved address in the differing timeframes assessed by the two questions. Work location of residents Derived from the Census: 'For the main job held last week, what was the person's workplace address?' This dataset is known as Journey to Work, and is derived from Census question 41 – "For the main job held last week, what was the person's workplace address?" With residential address also known, Journey to Work comprises a matrix linking origin (residence) and work destination. The data presented here in table form show the Statistical Local Area of work destination for employed persons who live within City of Botany Bay. The map shows the spatial distribution of where these residents work. Please note that not all employed persons can be accurately coded to a workplace address. In 2011, a record number (over 1 million or 10% of employed persons) have been coded to an undefined work destination. These undefined locations are broken down by state, and shown in the table, but they cannot be mapped, as there is no information on the geographic location of work apart from their state. For this reason, there may be difficulty comparing 2011 work destination data to 2006, and only 2011 data are presented here. This very large increase in undefined workplace location is believed to be due to the change to the new geography standard (ASGS), and the inefficient coding mechanisms used to code to it. If comparing work destination information with Method of Travel to work, please note the differing time periods – Workplace address relates to the week prior to Census, while Method of Travel relates to the morning of Census day. This has a negligible effect on the total counts but can explain some of the small numbers of strange LGA-LGA pairings which crop up such as people appearing to travel interstate to work. Some of these may be genuinely Fly- in/Fly-out workers (likely if the work destination is a known mining area), but others may have moved address in the differing timeframes assessed by the two questions. For more information please refer to the data quality statement for Place of Work on the ABS website.

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