Sexual Function for Men After Spinal Cord Injury
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Distance Learning Program Anatomy of the Human Brain/Sheep Brain Dissection
Distance Learning Program Anatomy of the Human Brain/Sheep Brain Dissection This guide is for middle and high school students participating in AIMS Anatomy of the Human Brain and Sheep Brain Dissections. Programs will be presented by an AIMS Anatomy Specialist. In this activity students will become more familiar with the anatomical structures of the human brain by observing, studying, and examining human specimens. The primary focus is on the anatomy, function, and pathology. Those students participating in Sheep Brain Dissections will have the opportunity to dissect and compare anatomical structures. At the end of this document, you will find anatomical diagrams, vocabulary review, and pre/post tests for your students. The following topics will be covered: 1. The neurons and supporting cells of the nervous system 2. Organization of the nervous system (the central and peripheral nervous systems) 4. Protective coverings of the brain 5. Brain Anatomy, including cerebral hemispheres, cerebellum and brain stem 6. Spinal Cord Anatomy 7. Cranial and spinal nerves Objectives: The student will be able to: 1. Define the selected terms associated with the human brain and spinal cord; 2. Identify the protective structures of the brain; 3. Identify the four lobes of the brain; 4. Explain the correlation between brain surface area, structure and brain function. 5. Discuss common neurological disorders and treatments. 6. Describe the effects of drug and alcohol on the brain. 7. Correctly label a diagram of the human brain National Science Education -
Semen Arousal: Its Prevalence, Relationship to HIV Risk Practices
C S & lini ID ca A l f R o e l s Klein, J AIDS Clin Res 2016, 7:2 a e Journal of n a r r DOI: 10.4172/2155-6113.1000546 c u h o J ISSN: 2155-6113 AIDS & Clinical Research Research Article Open Access Semen Arousal: Its Prevalence, Relationship to HIV Risk Practices, and Predictors among Men Using the Internet to Find Male Partners for Unprotected Sex Hugh Klein* Kensington Research Institute, USA Abstract Purpose: This paper examines the extent to which men who use the Internet to find other men for unprotected sex are aroused by semen. It also looks at the relationship between semen arousal and involvement in HIV risk practices, and the factors associated with higher levels of semen arousal. Methods: 332 men who used any of 16 websites targeting unprotected sex completed 90-minute telephone interviews. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. A random sampling strategy was used. Semen arousal was assessed by four questions asking men how much they were turned on by the way that semen smelled, tasted, looked, and felt. Results: 65.1% of the men found at least one sensory aspect of semen to be “fairly” or “very” arousing, compared to 10.2% being “not very” or “not at all” aroused by all four sensory aspects of semen. Multivariate analysis revealed that semen arousal was related to greater involvement in HIV risk practices, even when the impact of other salient factors such as demographic characteristics, HIV serostatus, and psychological functioning was taken into account. Five factors were found to underlie greater levels of semen arousal: not being African American, self-identification as a sexual “bottom,” being better educated, being HIV-positive, and being more depressed. -
Power Wheelchair Alternative Drive Controls in Spinal Cord Injury
Power Wheelchair Alternative Drive Controls in Spinal Cord Injury Kristen Cezat, PT, DPT, NCS, ATP/SMS When a person with a spinal cord injury is unable to use a standard joystick on a Fact Sheet power wheelchair, an alternative drive control and location is required. Depending on the person’s level of injury and musculature that remains innervated, the more common locations of alternative drive control input devices include the head, neck, face, eyes, and tongue. A proportional drive control allows the wheelchair’s speed/direction to mirror the force/direction applied to the input device by the user, most often through a joystick. Proportional drive control options include1: • Standard Joystick: able to move in any direction at any speed. It is often the most intuitive device for adults with injuries at C5 and below. Joysticks are commonly located on either left or right arm rest but can be altered for Produced by location in midline if spasticity or contracture limits neutral shoulder/elbow alignment. • Alternative Joystick (often set at the user’s chin): joysticks vary in size and require less force and deflection to activate the joystick.1 air Drive ControlA non -Optionsproportional drive for control Clients uses commands with to turn on/offSpinal various functionsCord such as direction (forward, back, left, or right) of the wheelchair. Speed is predetermined and not variable to the strength of the command provided. Non- Injury proportional drive controls include1,2: a Special Interest • Sip-and-Puff Group of • Head Array • Head Array/Sip-and-Puff Combo Non-proportional drive controls can be either momentary or latched. -
Spontaneous Erection and Masturbation in Equids. AAEP
Spontaneous Erection and Masturbation in Equids Sue M. McDonnell, Ph.D.* INTRODUCTION Spontaneous erection accompanied by an activity thought to be and referred to as masturbation occurs in stallions. Spontaneous erection involves extension of the penis from the prepuce with engorgement to its full length and rigidity, in a solitary, rather than heterosexual, context. The activity known as masturbation involves rhyth- mic bouncing, pressing, or sliding of the erect penis against the abdomen achieved by rhythmic contraction of the ischiocavernosus muscles and/or pelvic thrusting (Fig. 1). With such stimulation, the glans penis usually enlarges as during copulation, and pre- sperm fluid may drip from the urethra. This behavior in horses seems analogous to spontaneous erection and masturbation noted in several other mammalian species. I-’ The significance of spontaneous erection and masturbation in horses, as in other species, is not well understood. Traditional views of spontaneous erection and mas- turbation in domestic horses follow those held for similar behavior observed in other domestic and captive wild animals. One theme is that these are aberrant behaviors, similar to other stable vices, resulting from regimentation or restricted activity of cap- tive or domesticexistence. 4-6Another theme is that spontaneous erection and mastur- bation represent an expression or “venting” of sexual frustration resulting either from inherent hypersexuality or from thwarted access to heterosexual activity. 6v7Further, it has been asserted that masturbation limits the potential fertility of an individual stal- lion by depleting semen reserves and sexual energy. Accordingly, spontaneous erec- tion and masturbation in horses are often discouraged. An array of management schemes and devices such as stallion rings, brushes, and cages have been employed to inhibit spontaneous erection and disrupt masturbation.8 Attempts to inhibit sponta- neous erection and masturbation involve considerable management effort as well as risk of genital injury to the horse. -
Erectile Dysfunction and Premature Ejaculation
GUIDELINES ON MALE SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION: Erectile Dysfunction and Premature Ejaculation (Text update April 2014) K. Hatzimouratidis (chair), I. Eardley, F. Giuliano, D. Hatzichristou, I. Moncada, A. Salonia, Y. Vardi, E. Wespes Eur Urol 2006 May;49(5):806-15 Eur Urol 2010 May;57(5):804-14 Eur Urol 2012 Sep;62(3):543-52 ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION Definition, epidemiology and risk factors Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the persistent inability to attain and maintain an erection sufficient to permit satisfactory sex- ual performance. Although ED is a benign disorder, it affects physical and psychosocial health and has a significant impact on the quality of life (QoL) of sufferers and their partners. There is increasing evidence that ED can be an early mani- festation of coronary artery and peripheral vascular disease; thus, ED should not be regarded only as a QoL issue but also as a potential warning sign of cardiovascular disease includ- ing lack of exercise, obesity, smoking, hypercholesterolaemia, and the metabolic syndrome. The risk of ED may be reduced by modifying these risk factors, particularly taking exercise or losing weight. Another risk factor for ED is radical prostatec- tomy (RP) in any form (open, laparoscopic, or robotic) because of the risk of cavernosal nerve injury, poor oxygenation of the corpora cavernosa, and vascular insufficiency. 130 Male Sexual Dysfunction Diagnosis and work-up Basic work-up The basic work-up (minimal diagnostic evaluation) outlined in Fig. 1 must be performed in every patient with ED. Due to the potential cardiac risks associated with sexual activity, the three Princeton Consensus Conference stratified patients with ED wanting to initiate, or resume, sexual activity into three risk categories. -
Commentary Unprotected: Condoms, Bareback Porn, and the First Amendment
Commentary Unprotected: Condoms, Bareback Porn, and the First Amendment Bailey J. Langnert ABSTRACT In November 2012, Los Angeles County voters passed Measure B, or the Safer Sex in the Adult Film Industry Act. Measure B mandated condom use by all porn performers in adult films produced within county borders and created a complex regulatory process for adult film producers that included permitting, mandatory public health trainings, and warrantless administrative searches. Shortly after its passage, Vivid Entertainment filed a lawsuit to enjoin the enforcement of Measure B, arguing that the Measure violated their First Amendment right to portray condomless sex in porn. In December 2014, the Ninth Circuit upheld the district court's decision upholding the constitutionality of Measure B. Notably, the mainstream discourse surrounding the Measure B campaign, as well as the legal arguments put forth in the lawsuit, focused exclusively on straight pornography while purporting to represent all porn. As a result, an entire genre of condomless pornography went unrepresented in the discussion: bareback porn, which portrays intentional unprotected anal sex between men. Excluding bareback porn from the lawsuit represented a missed opportunityfor Vivid in its challenge of Measure B. There are several political messages underlying bareback porn unique to that genre that might have resulted in the t The author received a law degree from the University of California, Berkeley, School of Law (Boalt Hall) in 2015. As a law student, the author worked as a Teaching Assistant in the First Year Legal Writing Program and served as a Senior Board Member of the Boalt Hall Women's Association. -
Basic Brain Anatomy
Chapter 2 Basic Brain Anatomy Where this icon appears, visit The Brain http://go.jblearning.com/ManascoCWS to view the corresponding video. The average weight of an adult human brain is about 3 pounds. That is about the weight of a single small To understand how a part of the brain is disordered by cantaloupe or six grapefruits. If a human brain was damage or disease, speech-language pathologists must placed on a tray, it would look like a pretty unim- first know a few facts about the anatomy of the brain pressive mass of gray lumpy tissue (Luria, 1973). In in general and how a normal and healthy brain func- fact, for most of history the brain was thought to be tions. Readers can use the anatomy presented here as an utterly useless piece of flesh housed in the skull. a reference, review, and jumping off point to under- The Egyptians believed that the heart was the seat standing the consequences of damage to the structures of human intelligence, and as such, the brain was discussed. This chapter begins with the big picture promptly removed during mummification. In his and works down into the specifics of brain anatomy. essay On Sleep and Sleeplessness, Aristotle argued that the brain is a complex cooling mechanism for our bodies that works primarily to help cool and The Central Nervous condense water vapors rising in our bodies (Aristo- tle, republished 2011). He also established a strong System argument in this same essay for why infants should not drink wine. The basis for this argument was that The nervous system is divided into two major sec- infants already have Central nervous tions: the central nervous system and the peripheral too much moisture system The brain and nervous system. -
Study Guide Medical Terminology by Thea Liza Batan About the Author
Study Guide Medical Terminology By Thea Liza Batan About the Author Thea Liza Batan earned a Master of Science in Nursing Administration in 2007 from Xavier University in Cincinnati, Ohio. She has worked as a staff nurse, nurse instructor, and level department head. She currently works as a simulation coordinator and a free- lance writer specializing in nursing and healthcare. All terms mentioned in this text that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. Use of a term in this text shouldn’t be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark. Copyright © 2017 by Penn Foster, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of the material protected by this copyright may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner. Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be mailed to Copyright Permissions, Penn Foster, 925 Oak Street, Scranton, Pennsylvania 18515. Printed in the United States of America CONTENTS INSTRUCTIONS 1 READING ASSIGNMENTS 3 LESSON 1: THE FUNDAMENTALS OF MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY 5 LESSON 2: DIAGNOSIS, INTERVENTION, AND HUMAN BODY TERMS 28 LESSON 3: MUSCULOSKELETAL, CIRCULATORY, AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEM TERMS 44 LESSON 4: DIGESTIVE, URINARY, AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM TERMS 69 LESSON 5: INTEGUMENTARY, NERVOUS, AND ENDOCRINE S YSTEM TERMS 96 SELF-CHECK ANSWERS 134 © PENN FOSTER, INC. 2017 MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY PAGE III Contents INSTRUCTIONS INTRODUCTION Welcome to your course on medical terminology. You’re taking this course because you’re most likely interested in pursuing a health and science career, which entails proficiencyincommunicatingwithhealthcareprofessionalssuchasphysicians,nurses, or dentists. -
Anatomy and Physiology of Erection: Pathophysiology of Erectile Dysfunction
International Journal of Impotence Research (2003) 15, Suppl 7, S5–S8 & 2003 Nature Publishing Group All rights reserved 0955-9930/03 $25.00 www.nature.com/ijir Chapter 2 Anatomy and Physiology of erection: pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction Reporters and participants of the 1st Latin American Dysfunction Consensus Meeting International Journal of Impotence Research (2003) 15, Suppl 7, S5–S8. doi:10.1038/sj.ijir.3901127 Anatomy deep dorsal vein, the circumflex veins, the emissary veins, the cavernous veins and the crural veins). The lacunar spaces drain into small venules, which flow The penis, the male genital organ, has two func- together into a subalbugineal plexus, which in turn, tions: sexual and urinary. It is located above the emerges as emissary veins4,5 (Figure 1). scrotum, and it is linked to the pubic symphysis by two ligaments. It has a three-cylinder shape, integrated by two CROSS-SECTIONAL SECTION OF THE PENIS vascular tissue bodies (corpora cavernosa) (CC) and Superficial dorsal vein the corpus spongiosum (CS). The CCs have two Dorsal artery of penis Dorsal nerve of portions: a fixed posterior one, or perineal, and one penis that is anterior or free. At its base, the ischiopubic Deep dorsal vein Colles’ fascia rami are fixed, surrounded by the ischiocavernous muscles. The CS, in turn, stems from the perineum, Buck’s fascia Circumflex Vein surrounded by the bulbocavernous muscle. The Corpus urethra runs most of its length. At the distal end, cavernosum Tunica albuginea the CS dilates into a structure known as glans, Cavernous artery where the urethra opens to the outside of the Corpus spongiosum Urethral artery body through the meatus.1,2 Urethra Adapted and Modified from the 2ndBrazilian Consensus on Erectile Dysfunction2 The penis has an epidermal layer, underneath which is located the superficial fascia (Colles’), Figure 1 Cross-sectional section of the penis. -
Neurogenic Erectile Dysfunction. Where Do We Stand?
medicines Review Neurogenic Erectile Dysfunction. Where Do We Stand? Charalampos Thomas 1,* and Charalampos Konstantinidis 2 1 Urology Department, General Hospital of Corinth, 20131 Corinth, Greece 2 Urology & Neurourology Unit, National Rehabilitation Center, Ilion, 13122 Athens, Greece; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Erectile Dysfunction (ED) is the persistent inability to attain and maintain an erection sufficient to permit satisfactory sexual performance, causing tremendous effects on both patients and their partners. The pathophysiology of ED remains a labyrinth. The underlying mechanisms of ED may be vasculogenic, neurogenic, anatomical, hormonal, drug-induced and/or psychogenic. Neurogenic ED consists of a large cohort of ED, accounting for about 10% to 19% of all cases. Its diversity does not allow an in-depth clarification of all the underlying mechanisms nor a “one size fits all” therapeutical approach. In this review, we focus on neurogenic causes of ED, trying to elucidate the mechanisms that lie beneath it and how we manage these patients. Keywords: erectile dysfunction (ED); neurogenic; sexual dysfunction (SD); phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors (PDE5I); spinal cord injury (SCI); multiple sclerosis (MS) 1. Introduction Erectile dysfunction (ED) is defined as the persistent inability to attain and maintain an erection sufficient to permit satisfactory sexual performance [1]. Besides the obvious, it has tremendous effects on the patient’s psychosocial health, and it affects not only their quality of life but the lives of their partners [2]. Citation: Thomas, C.; Konstantinidis, The pathophysiology of ED remains a labyrinth since many pathways can co-exist, C. Neurogenic Erectile Dysfunction. thus contributing negatively. Where Do We Stand? Medicines 2021, Traditionally ED was divided into three large cohorts, organic, psychogenic and of 8, 3. -
Smoking and Reproduction
SMOKING AND REPRODUCTION This fact sheet is for public health professionals and others who want information on the many ways smoking affects reproduction, pregnancy, and the health of the fetus and the mother. WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT SMOKING l Pregnancy complications: Smoking is known to cause ectopic pregnancy, AND REPRODUCTION a condition in which the fertilized egg fails to move to the uterus, or womb, and instead attaches to other organs outside the womb. Ectopic pregnancy For many reasons, men and women who want to have children should not almost always causes the fetus to die and is potentially fatal for the mother. smoke. Studies have long shown that smoking and exposure to tobacco Evidence also suggests that spontaneous abortion, or miscarriage, is smoke are harmful to reproductive health. The latest Surgeon General’s caused by smoking during pregnancy. Report on smoking and health says that tobacco use during pregnancy l Fetal growth: Mothers who smoke during pregnancy are more likely to remains a major preventable cause of disease and death of mother, fetus, deliver babies with low birth weight, even if the babies are full term. and infant, and smoking before pregnancy can reduce fertility. Mothers who smoke during pregnancy are also more likely to deliver their babies early. Low birth weight and preterm delivery are leading causes of THE DANGERS OF SMOKING DURING PREGNANCY infant disability and death. Maternal smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke endanger the health l Fetal development: Smoking during pregnancy can cause tissue damage of the mother and the baby. Each year, about 400,000 infants born in the in the fetus, especially in the lungs and brain. -
WEB UCLA1671 the Men's Clinic at UCLA Brochure
The Men’s Clinic at UCLA Discretion, dignity and respect Te Men’s Clinic at UCLA is dedicated to male health and, in particular, to the treatment of conditions afecting men’s urologic, sexual and reproductive health. With years of clinical experience in male reproductive medicine and surgery, our team has treated a wide variety of conditions and performed thousands of surgeries, providing patients with the highest level of quality, leading-edge care. Our providers understand the intimate nature of male fertility and sexual difculties and treat all men with discretion, dignity and respect. Our clinical programs specialize in: • Infertility • Sperm retrieval • Vasectomy • Vasectomy reversal • Erectile dysfunction (ED) • Post-prostatectomy erectile dysfunction (PPED) and penile rehabilitation • Peyronie’s disease • Low testosterone (hypogonadism) The patient experience Nearly one-third of men today report that they do not use a regular source of healthcare and are typically less likely than women to undergo routine checkups or openly discuss their medical issues. As a result, men are missing impactful opportunities for a healthy lifestyle, as well as preventive screenings for a variety of male medical conditions. At Te Men's Clinic at UCLA, our uniquely tailored program allows men to feel welcome, at ease and cared for when seeking answers to intimate health issues. 1 Male fertility Infertility When couples struggle with infertility, timely evaluation of the male partner is crucial. Te Men’s Clinic at UCLA ofers all aspects of male fertility diagnosis and treatment, as well as in-house, same-day semen analysis testing for instant results, so couples don’t have to anxiously wait.