Introduction to Talmud – Rabbi Arnie Samlan – for One Shul The World before the Talmud • Land of Israel • Persia / Babylonia / Egypt • Prophets (Nevi’im) • Priests / High Priest (Kohen / Kohen Gadol) • Kings (Melachim) • Courts & Sanhedrin Transitions • End of self-governance • Sects • End of Sacrificial system • End of Prophecy Judaism becomes a religion • Rabbinic Judaism • Early teachers – Tanna / Tana’im – Featured in Mishna • Later teachers – Amora’im – Featured in Gemara • Mishna + Gemara = Talmud • Centers of Jewish life: Israel, Babylonia • Israel includes: Jerusalem, Yavneh, Bet She’arim, Tiberias • Babylonia includes: Sura, Neharada’ah, Pumpidita • Two interrelated versions of Talmud The Talmud • Geography of the page • Network of interactions • Ongoing text – later commentaries • Sample study

Page of Talmud layout: http://people.ucalgary.ca/~elsegal/TalmudPage.html Books of the Talmud, arranged according to the Six Orders of Mishnah • Zera'im (Seeds), agricultural laws • Berachot • Peah • Demai • Kilayim • Shevi’it • Terumot • Ma’aserot • Ma’aser Sheni • Challah • Orlah • Bikkurim • Mo'ed (Festival), Shabbat and festivals • Shabbat • Erubin • Pesachim • Shekalim • Yoma • Sukkah • Betzah • Rosh Hashanah • Ta’anit • Megillah • Mo’ed Katan • Hagigah • Nashim (Women), marriage & divorce • Yevamot • Ketubot • Nedarim • Nazir • Sotah • Gittin • Kiddushin • Nezikin (Damages), criminal law and civil damages • Baba Kamma • Baba Metzia • Baba Batra • Sanhedrin • Makkot • Shavuot • Eduyyot • Avodah Zarah • Avot (Pirkei Avot, Ethics of the Fathers) • Horayot • Kodashim (Holy Things), Sacrifices and Temple services • Zevachim • Menachot • Chullin • Bechorot • Arakhin • Temurah • Keritot • Me’ilah • Tamid • Middot • Kinnim • Toharot (Purities), ritual purity and impurity • Kelim • Ohalot • Nega’im • Parah • Tohorot • Mikva’ot • Niddah • Machshirin • Zavim • Tebul-Yom • Yadayim • Uktzin

Talmud

The "Guys on the Side" (and top and bottom of page)

Rashi Purpose: Simple explanation of text Location in Talmud: inside of page Author: Rabbi Solomon ben Isaac Date / Place: 1040 - 1105; Troyes, France

Tosefot Purpose: Detailed discussion of particular issues in selected texts Location in Talmud: outside of page Author: Various authors, including Rabbeinu Tam (Rabbi Jacob ben Meir), Rabbi Samuel ben Meir, Rabbi Meir of Rothenburg, Rabbi Isaac of Dampierre, Rabbi Samson of Sens Date / Place: 12th - 13th Centuries; France & Germany

Ein Mishpat / Ner Mitzvah Purpose: Cross-reference to law codes Location in Talmud: outside top of page Author: Rabbi Joshua Boaz Mevorakh Date / Place: 16th Century; Venice, Italy

Mishnah Torah Purpose: Law code Location in Talmud: referenced in Ein Mishpat / Torah Or Author: Moses Maimonides (Rambam) Date / Place: 1138 - 1204; Born in Spain, lived in Israel, mostly in Egypt

Tur Shulchan Aruch Purpose: Law code Location in Talmud: referenced in Ein Mishpat / Torah Or Author: Rabbi Jacob ben Asher Date / Place: approx. 1270 - 1343; Toledo, Spain

Shulchan Aruch Purpose: Law code Location in Talmud: follows same numbering as references to Tur, as referenced in Ein Mishpat / Torah Or Author: Rabbi Joseph Caro Date / Place: approx. 1488 - 1575; Born in Spain, lived in Safed, Israel

"Mappah" on Shulchan Aruch Purpose: Ashkenazi commentary on Karo's law code Location in Talmud: follows same numbering as references to Tur, as referenced in Ein Mishpat / Torah Or Author: Rabbi Moses Isserles Date / Place: approx. 1530 - 1575; Cracow, Poland

Sefer Mitzvot Gadol Purpose: Law code arranged according to Torah mitzvot Location in Talmud: referenced in Ein Mishpat / Torah Or Author: Rabbi Moses ben Jacob Date / Place: 13th century; Coucy, France

Torah Or Purpose: Cross-references to Biblical texts Location in Talmud: between Talmud text and those of Rashi and Tosefot Author: Rabbi Joshua Boaz Mevorakh Date / Place: 11th Century; Venice, Italy

Comments of Rabbi Isaiah (Pick) Berlin Purpose: Additional cross-references to Talmudic and other texts Location in Talmud: bracketed near Mesoret Ha-shas Author: Rabbi Isaiah (Pick) Berlin Date / Place: 18th Century; Breslau

Mesoret Ha-shas Purpose: Cross-references to other Talmudic texts Location in Talmud: inside of page Author: Rabbi Joshua Boaz Mevorakh Date / Place: 11th Century; Venice, Italy

Comments of Rabbi Isaiah (Pick) Berlin Purpose: Additional cross-references to Talmudic and other texts Location in Talmud: bracketed near Mesoret Ha-shas Author: Rabbi Isaiah (Pick) Berlin Date / Place: 18th Century; Breslau (now Wroclaw, Poland)

Haghot Ha-gra Purpose: Variant readings of text Location in Talmud: outside middle of page Author: Rabbi Elijah of Vilna ("Vilna Gaon) Date / Place: 1720 - 1797; Vilna, Lithuania

Haghot Ha-bach Purpose: Variant readings of text Location in Talmud: inside middle of page Author: Rabbi Joel Sirkes (known by name of his book: Bayit Chadash - Bach) Date / Place: 1561 - 1640; Poland

Gilyon Ha-Shas Purpose: Cross-reference other textual sources Location in Talmud: outside middle of page Author: Rabbi Akiba Eger Date / Place: 1761 - 1837; Posen, Prussia

Rabbenu Chananel Purpose: Simplified summary of Talmudic texts Location in Talmud: outside bottom of page Author: Rabbi Chananel ben Chushiel Date / Place: 11th Century; Kairowan, Tunisia

Edited by Rabbi Arnold D. Samlan

References include: • Web site of Dr. Eliezer Segal: http://www.ucalgary.ca/~elsegal/ TalmudPage.html • Jewish Virtual Library: http://www.us-israel.org/index.html • Marital Relations, Birth Control and Abortion in Jewish Law by David M. Feldman • Encyclopedia Judaica

Rabbi Arnold D. Samlan [email protected], LinkedIn: Arnold Samlan Regional Director, The Jewish Education Project, www.thejewisheducationproject.org Consulting, Coaching, Teaching – Founder of Jewish Connectivity [@jewishconnectiv] Blog: The Notorious R.A.V.: http://thenotoriousrav.blogspot.com/