1912. .OONGRESSION AL RECORD-SEN ATE. 2429
known him prior thereto by reputation as one of the noble sons S. 3776. An act granting the consent of Congress to the board of the great State of Pennsylvania. He was known as one of of county collllllissioners of Lincoln County, State of .Montana, thn successful business men of that State, who was fair in to construct, maintain, and operate three bridges across the all his dealings between man and man and who dearly loved Kootenai River, in the State of l\Iontana; and th~ common people, whose respect and confidence he enjoyed S. 4551. An act to extend the time for completion of a dam throughout his entire life. across the Savannah River at or near the mouth of Stevens When I first became acquainted with him I was impressed Creek, between the counties of Edgefield, S. C., and Columbia, with his genial good nature, his wonderful business capacity, Ga,, authorized by an act appro-rnd August 5, 1909. C'ombined with good common sense, and his honesty and sin The message further announced that the House had passed cerity of purpose. His keen sense of justice endeared him to the following bills and joint resolutions, in wbich it requested tbe people far beyond the confines of the district which he had the concurrence of the Senate : the honor to represent in the House. His reputation was State H. R. 7711. An act to amend section 4889 of the Revised wide before he came to Congress, and he soon became prominent Statutes; a.s a national figure. H. R. 8784. An act to supplement the act of June 22, 1910, I feel that I ha-ve lost a friend, and I know the Members of entitled "An act to provide for agricultural ent1ies on coal this House and the people of the country have lost a friend. lands"; My friendship '\\ith him became so pronounced that it almost H. R.13679. An act to amend an act entitled "An act to au ripened into inseparable companionship during the sessions of thorize the receipt of certified checks drawn on National and Congress. It may well be said of him he was " a friend that State banks for duties on imports and internal-taxes, and for sticketh closer than a brother." other purposes," approved l\farch 2, 1911; He believed that the two great factors which rule the business H. R.16680. An act to authorize the board of county commis world are capital and labor, and that labor is the more im sioners of Baxter County and the board of county commission portant of the two. ers of 1\Iarion County, in the State of Arkansas, acting together After his election to the Sixty-second Congress I asked him for the two counties as bridge commissioners, to construct a how he had o~ercome such an overwhelming Republican major bridge across the White River at or near the town of Cotter, ity in his district, and he replied: "I have been in business in Ark.; that part of the State for .many years and employed a great H. R.16837. An act authorizing the Minnesota & International many people, and I don't believe I could find one that voted Railway Co, to construct a bridge across the l\Iississippi Il.i-ver against me. They barn confidence in pie and I had in them." at Bemidji, Minn.; His Jove of justice, which he put into practice, endeared him H. R.17242. An act to authorize the Northern Pacific Railway to his fellow men. Co. to cross the Government right of way along and adjacent to He was just and true to labor, and always maintained that the canal connecting the waters of Puget Sound with Lake that is the only way to restore confidence between employer Washington, at Seattle, in the State of Washington; and employee. H. R.17&q7. An act to amend an act approved July 1, 1902, As a legislator he was a success. He was proud of his con entitled "An act temporarily to provide for the admjnistration stituents and attended to their wants in the minutest detail. of the affairs of civil government in the Philippine Is1ands, and He carefully guarded the interest of his State, and above all he for other purposes " ; loved his country and believed it was destined to become the H. R.18155. An act authorizing the town of Grand Rapids to greatest in the world, if the rights of the common people were construct a bridge across the Mississippi River in Itasca County, properly guarded. He believed in the unwritten law of manifest State of l\finnesota; destiny. He believed that in governments as in natUI'e nothing H. R. 18792. An act for the relief of homestead entrymen un is stationary, but that there is an onward movement in the der the reclamation projects in the United States; coUI'se of evolution. In short, he was a wise, patriotic, and con H. R. 19238. An act to amend section 90 of the act entitled structirn statesman. "An act to codify, revise, and amend the laws relating to the He was a devoted husband and often affectionately referred to judiciary," approved March 3, 1911; his belo"ved wife, who had passed to the great beyond about a H. R. 19342. An act to amend section 2455 of the Revised year before his death. He was an indulgent father. He was Statutes of the United States relating to isolated tracts of pub a public-spirited and progressive citizen. Of him it may be said: lic lands; " Well done, tllou good and faithful servant." H. R. 20287. An act to amend section 5 of the act entitled ".An act to incorporate the American Red Cross," approved January The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. ROTHERMEL). In accord 5, 1905; ance with the resolutions heretofore adopted, and as a. further H. R. 20585. An act granting pensions and increase of pen mark of respect to the memory of the late Congressman KIPP, sions to certain soldiers and sailors of the Civil War and cer the House will stand adjourned until to-morrow' at 12 o'clock. tain widows and dependent children of soldiers and sailors of Thereupon (at l o'clock and 7 minutes p. m.) the House ad said war; journed to meet to-morrow, February 26, 1912, at l2 o'clock noon. H. R. 20586. An act granting pensions and increase of pen sions to certain soldiers and· sailors of the Civil War and cer tain widows and dependent children of soldiers and sailors of SENATE . . said war; Ma.""{l)AY, February ~6, 191~. H. R. 20628. An act granting pensions and increase of pen sions to certain soldiers and sailors of the Regular Army and 'Ihe Senate met at 2 o'clock p. m. Navy, and certain soldiers and sailors of wars other than the Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. Ulysses G. B. Pierce, D. D. Civil War, and to widows and dependent relatives of such sol The Journal of the proceedirigs of Thlll'sday last was read diers and sailors; and approved. 178. SENATOR FilOM MISSISSIPPI. H.J. Res. Joint resolution creating a commission to in :vestigate and report on the advisability of the establishment · Mr. WILLIAMS presented the credentials of JAMES KIMBALL of a permanent maneuvering grounds, camp of inspection, rifle VABVAMAN, chosen by the Legislature of the State of l\1issis and artillery ranges for troops of the United States at or near sip1-1i a Senator from that State for the term beginning March the·city of Anniston, county of Calhoun, State of Alabama, pro 4, 1913, . which were read and ordered to be filed. posed to be donated fo the United States for said nurposes; MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. and A message from the House of Representatives, by J. C. South, H.J. Res. 232. Joint resolution extending the operation of the its Chief Clerk, announced that the House had passed the fol act for the control and regulation of the waters of the Niagara lowing bills : River, for the preservation of Niagara Falls, and for other pur S. 238. An act to authorize the extension of Lamont Street poses. NW., in the District of Columbia; and The message also transmitted to the Senate resolutions on the S. 4475. An act to amend an act entitled "An act to simplify iife, character, and public services of Hon. GEORGE WASHINGTON the issue of enrollments and licenses of vessels of the United K~P, late a Representative from the State of Pennsylvania. States." The message further announced that the House had passed a The message also nnnounced that the House had passed the concurrent resolution (No. 32) authorizing the printing of following bills, with amendments, in which it requested the 20;000 additional copies of House Document No. 342, being the conrurrence of the Senate : ' message of the President of the United States transmitting the S. 405. An act authorizing the Secretary of the Interior to report of the Tariff Board on Schedule K of the tariff law, etc., clas :fy and appraise unallotted Indian lands; in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate. XLYIII--153 - CONGRESSIONAL IUDOORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 26,
HOUSE .BILLS REFERBED. -poslng to ·create a service 'Corps to replace clT"ill:.tn emp1eyees The follow1ng 'bills -were sen~rally reaCl twice by their titles now in service m tllose depa.Ttments, -whicl'l, with the .nceom and referred to the Committee on Pensions : panying papers, was referred to the Committee on Military H. R. 2Q58'3. An act ·granting })ensions and increase of 'Pen Affairs filld ordered to l>e !J.)rinted. · -sions to ~ertain -soldiers and sailors ·of the Civ'il War and ·cer- · SAN CARLOS RESERVOIR SITE, ABIZON.A ( ll. DOC. !NO. 347 ~. -ta:in widows -::rod dependent cnildren :of so1diers and ·sailoTs of said war; ·illJile V.ICJD PRESID~'T laid before the Senat e a communica H. R. 20586. An act ·granting pensions and inerease of pen :tion from the ·seeretai·y of the [n:terior, trnnSIDltting a copy of Sions to certain soldiers ·and s.rul.ors of tbe ·rnvn Wm· and cer ·de_partment decision of February L7~ 1912, in the matter .of -tain widows and dependent children of ·soldiers ana 'Sailors of rl.ghts of way n:ppJied for 'by .the Arizona Eastern .Railroad Co., .J. hl. J.n.mison, .and the <:Jila il1hie1· Waiter Co., i.lrvolnng or said war; and E. R.. 20628. An act granting -pens1ons and increase ·of J)en :a.ffee.ting the use •Of the San Oailos -:resen:oir site, which, with sions to certain soldiers and sailors of the Regular Army :and the _accompanying :paper, was re!er.red to the Oommittee on Irrigation and Reclamation of Arid Lands .and .ordered to .be Navy, and ·ce1·tain soldiers ·and ·sailors of war~ -Other than the •Oivil Wa-r, ·mid to widows ·and dependent relatives ·of such ·sol lJrinted. diers and sailors. OCTA VlA .Z. BOND __A.NJ) 'OTHERS ( S. DOQ. :N 0. 34-G) • ·The following :bills were severally Teaa. twice by their titles The VICE PRESIDENT laid before 'tile Senate ·a communica ·and 1·eferrecl to the Committee on the Juilictary: tion from the a1ffiistant c1erk of the Oourt of Claims, trans lI. R. 19238. An act to ·amend ·section 90 of the ·aet entitled ''.An niitting n certlfied copy of the -findings of fact and conclu ions act to codify, revise, and amend the 1aws relating to rthe jud1- of law filed by the .court in the cause .of Octavia Z. Bond, Vir dary:," .app1·ove New York, praying for the enactment of an interstate liquOT against any reduction of the duty on quicksilver, which was law to prevent the nullification of State liquor laws by outside referred to· the Committee on Finance. deaiJ.ers, which were referred to· the Committee on the Judiciary. He also presented a petition of the Chamoer of Commerce of Arr. BROWN presented resolutions adopted by the Woman's San Francisco, Cal., praying that the site in the Mall in the . , Club of Hn:stings, Nebr., favoring the ratifieation of the pro District of Columbia recommended by the Fine Arts Commis-. · posed treaties- of arbitration between the United States, Great sion be selected on which to erect the proposed memorial to Britain; and France, which were ordered to Ile on the· table. Abraham Lincoln, which was referred: to the Committee on the Mr. JONES presented a petition of sundry c.itizens of .Aber District of Columbia. deen, Wash., praytng for the enactment of legislation to regu He also· presented a petition of sundry citizens of Yankee late the pay of the National Guard, which was referred to the Hill, 0al., praying for the establishment of a parcel-post sys Committee on Military .Affairs. tem, which was referred to the Committee on Post Offices and He also pTesented a memorial of SWl opportunities in Western States, which was referred to the Com Mr. HEYBURN presented a petition of members of Village mittee on Immigration. Board and the Preston Club, of Preston, Idaho, praying for the l\fr. OLIVER presented petitions of sundry granges, Patrons establishment of free ma11 delivery in towns, cities, and villages of Husbandry, of Tioga County, Allegheny County, Calkins, with a population of over 1,000, which was referred to the Vernon, Woodbury, Linesville, Wallingford, Warriors Mark, and Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. Lutzville, all in the State of Pennsylvania, praying for the Mr. STEPHENSON presented a memorial of sundry citizens adoption of certain amendments to the oleomargarine law, of .Minocqua, Wis., remonstrating against the extension of the which were referred to the Committee on Agriculture and parcel-post system beyond its present limit.ations, which was Forestry. referred to the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. He also pre£ented memorials of Local Division No. 17, An He also presented a petition of George Leland Edgerton cient Order of Hibernians, of Wilmerding; of _the Independent Camp, No. 32, United Spanish War ·veterans, of Beaver Dam, Citizens' Club, of Hazelwood; and of the Central Turnverein, Wis., and a petition of Casberg Camp, No. 11, United Spanish of Pittsburgh, all in the State of Pennsylvania, remonstrating War V-eterans, of La Crosse, Wis., praying for the enactment against th~ ratification of the proposed treaties of arbitration of legislation to pension widow and minor children of any between the United States, Great Britain, and France,- which officer or enlisted man who served in the War with Spain 01· were ordered to lie on the table. the Philippine insurrection, which were referred to the Com- He also presented a petition of Pomona Grange, Patrons of mittee on Pensions. · Husbandry, of Patton, Pa., praying for establishment of a He also presented a petition of Alexis Tallman Post, No. 70, parcel-post system, which was referred to the Committee on Department of Wisconsin, Grand Army of the Republic, of Clin Post Offices and Post Roads. ton, Wis., praying for the passage of the so-called dolla1·-a-day He also presented memorials of Cortland Saunders Post, No. pension bill, which was ordered to lie on the table. 21, of Philadelphia; Captain C. G. Johnson ~ost, No. 150, of He also presented a memorial of T. J. Hungerford Post, No. Berwick; General S. K. Zook Post, No. 11, of Norristown; and 36, Department of Wisconsin, Grand Army of the Republic, of Generul George A. McCall Post, No. 31, of West Chester, a.II of Spring Oreen, Wis., remonstrating against the passage of the the Grand Army of the Republic, in the State of Pennsylvania, so-called Smoot pension bill, which was referred to the Com.: remonstrating against the p1~oposed abolishment of United mittee on Pensions. States pension agencies and their concentrntion in Washington, He also presented a petition of Local Branch, Lake Seamen's D. C., which were referred to the Committee on Pensions. Union, -0f .Milwaukee, Wis., praying for the enactment of legis He ·also presented petitions of sundry citizens of Lancaster, latjon to better the condition of American seamen, which was ~easer Falls, Darlington, Sharon, Springfield, East Mahoning referred to the Committee on Commerce. Township, McKeesport, Big Run, Mount Joy, Pittsburgh, Kittan He also presented a resolution adopted by the board of trus ning, Monongahela, Clarendon, Wilkinsburg, Duquesne Heights, tees of St. Croix Falls, Minn., favoring the enactment of legis all in the State of Pennsylvania, praying fOr the enactment of lation granting permission to the St. Croix River Navigation & legislation to regulate the interstate transportation of intoxicat Improvement Co., of Minnesota, and the St. Croix Lumbermen's ing liquors, which were referred to .the Oommittee on the Dam & Boom Co., of Wisconsin, to replace the old Nevers Dam Judiciary. - as now exi&ing in the counties of Polk and Chisago with a .Mr. GALLINGER presented a petition of members of Consti modern concrete dam, which was referred to the Committee on tution Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution, of Commerce. Washington, D. 0., praying that an appropriation of $60,000 be He also presented a petition of members of the First Uni made for a heating plant and building for the Girls' Reform tarian Society of :Milwaukee, Wis., praying for the enactment School in the District, which was referred to the Committee on of Iegislapon to prohibit the manufacture of phosphorus Appropriations. . matches, which was referred to the Committee on Finance. He also presented resolutions adopted by the Takoma Park He also presented a petition of members of the Wisconsin State Citizens' Association, of tb.e District of Oolumbla, favoring the Horticultural Society, praying for the enactment of legislation enactment of legislation providing for the extension of New to prohibit the importation of Irish potatoes, which was re Hampshire Avenue in a straight line, which were referred to ferred to the Committee on Finance. the Committee on Appropriations. He also presented a petition of the Wisconsin Live Stock He also presented a petition of the New Jersey State Federa Breeders' Association and a petition of the Chamber of Com tion of Women's Clubs, praying that an appropriation be made merce of Milwaukee, Wis., praying for the enactment of legis for the extension of the work of the Bureau of Education, lation providing for the proper inspection of the agricultural which was referred to the Committee on Appropriations. colleges of the country, which were referred to the Committee Mr. TOWNSEND presented a petition of the Common Oouncil on Agriculture and Forestry. of Saginaw, Mich., praying for the enactment of legislation pro Mr. CLAPP presented petitions of sundry citizens of Duxby, viding for the coinage of 3-cent pieces, which was referred to the Roso, Homestead, Blowers, Cambridge, Harris, Blue Earth, Committee on Finance. - Little Falls, Ada, and Cloquet, all in the State of Minnesota, He also presented a memorial of the Deal Buggy Co., of praying for the establishment of a parcel-post system, which Jones,·ille, Mich., remonstrating against the passage of the were referred to the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. so-called eight-hour bill, which was referred to the Committee He also (for Mr. LA FOLLETTE) presented a memorial of on Education and Labor. sundry citizens of Wisconsin, remonstrating against the exten -He also presented a petiti..9n of River Side Grange, No. 178, sion of the parcel-post system beyond its present limitations, Patrons of Husbandry, of St. Joseph County, Mich., praying which was i·eferred to the Committee on Post Offices and Post for the establishment of a parcel-post system, which was re Roads. f erred to the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. He also (for Mr. LA FoLLET-TE) presented petitions of He also presented petitions of sundry citizens of Portland sundry citizens of Endeavor and Elkhorn, in the State of Wis and Croswell, in the State of Michigan, praying for the estab consin, praying for the enactment of an interstate liquor law lishment of a free mail delivery in towns, cities, and villages to prevent the nullification of State liquor laws by outside with a population of over 1,000, which were referred to the Com dealers, which were referred to the Committee on Post Offices mittee on Post Offices and Post Roads. and Post Roads. He a18o presented a petition of Local Union No. 153, Inter He also presented a petition of sundry citizens of Elkhorn, national Brotherhood of Blacksmiths and Helpers, of Escanaba, Wis., praying for the enactment of legislation prohibiting the Mich., praying for the passage of the so-called old-age pension interstate transmission of race gambling odds and bets, which bill, which was referred to the Committee on Pensions. was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. He also presented a memorial of Local Council No. 43, United Ur. McLEAN presented a memorial of members of the Ger Commercial Travelers of America, of Saginaw, Mich., and a man-American Alliance, of Torrington, Conn., remonstrating memorial of sundry citizens of Saginaw, Mich., remonstrating against the enactment of an interstate liquor law to prevent the against the extension of the parcel-post system beyond its pres nullification of State liquor· laws by -0utside dealers, which was ent limitations, which were referred to the Committee on Post referre_d to the Committee on the Judiciary. Offices and Post Roads. He also presented petitions of the congregations of the Metho He also presented petitions of the Woman's Christian Tern~ dist Episcopal Church of Windsorville, the Methodist Episcopal perance Union of Averhill; of Local Grange, Patrons of Hus Church of East Windsor, and of the Trinity Methodist Episco bandry, of Stockbridge; and of sundry citizens of Walled Lake pal Church, of New Britain, and of sundry citizens of Windsor and East Leroy, all in the State of Michigan, praying for the ville, all in the State of Connecticut, praying for the enactment enactment of an interstate liquor law to prevent the nullifica of an interstate liquor 13.w to prevent the nullification of State tion of State liquor laws by outside dealers, which were r(\ liquor laws by outside dealers, which were referred to the Com ferred to the Committee on the Judiciary. mittee on the Judiciary. 2434 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 26, Mr. SMOOT presented a petition of the congregation of the Falls, and for other purposes, reported it with an amendment First Methodist Episcopal Church. of Tremonton, Utah, praying and submitted a report (No. 407) thereon. for the enactment of an interstate liquor law to prevent the FURNITURE, ETC., FOR GOVERNOR OF NEW MEXICO. nullification of State liquor laws by outside dealers, which was Mr. CHAMBERLAIN. From the Committee on Territories I referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. report back favorably without amendment the bill (H. R. 18794) Mr. ROOT presented petitions of sunP,ry citizens of Camp to authorize the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of the ville, Vestal, and Union, all in the State of New York, praying Treasury, and the Attorney General to deliver to the governor for the establishment of a parcel-post system, which were re of the State of New Mexico, for the use of the State, certain ferred to the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. furniture and furnishings, law books, and typewriters and I He also presented petitions of the congregations of the Bap submit a report (No. 403) thereon. I ask for the iminediate tist Church, the Methodist Church, and the First Presbyterian consideration of the bill. Church of Clyde; of the Methodist Episcopal, the Presbyterian, The VICE PRESIDENT. The Secretary will read the bill and First Congregational Churches of Spencerport and Ogden; for the information of the Senate. · of the Baptist Church of Dryden; and of the Woman's Christian The. Secretary read the bill; and there being no objection the Temperance Union of Champlain, all in the State of New York, Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, proceeded to its 'con- praying for the enactment of an interstate liquor law to pre sideration. · Yeut the nullification of State liquor laws by outside dealers, The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment which were referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. ordered to a third reading, read the third time, and passed. ' Mr. WETMORE presented a petition of the Rhode Island Business Men's Association, praying for the ratification of the SCHOOL LANDS IN LOUISIANA. proposed treaties of arbitration between the United States. Mr. THORNTON. By direction of the Committee on Public Great Britain, and France, which was ordered to lie on the Lands, I report back favorably with an amendment the bill table. ( S. 5059) granting school lands to the State of Louisiana. and ~!r. OVERMAN presented a memorial of sundry citizens of I submit a report (No. 404) thereon. I request the present S:rnford, N. C., remonstrating against the establishment of a consideration of the bill. parcel-post system, which was referred to the Committee on The Secretary read the bill; and there being no objection, the Post Offices and Post Roads. Senate, as in Committee on the Whole, proceeded to its con He also presented a petition of sundry citizens of Charlotte, sideration. N. 0., praying for the enactment of legislation providing for The amendment was, on page 1, line 6, to strike out the word the punishment of persons found guilty of breaking the seals of " rectangular " before the word " sections " so as to make tbe railroad cars containing interstate shipments, which was re bill read: ' ferred to the Committee on Interstate Commerce. B~ .it enacted, etc., That all the unsurveyed lands in the State or Louisiana which are shown by official protraction or the Government .!\Ir. CURTIS presented memorials of Local Council No. 46, surveys heretofore made to be embraced within sections numbered 16 United Commercial Travelers of America, of Lawrence, and of and which lie in the same township as lands which have been certified sundry citizens of Leavenworth, Council Grove, Leona, Ellis, or patented in that State under the act approved March 2 1849 en titled "An act to aid the State of Louisiana in clrainlng swamp lands and Soldier, all in the State of Kansas, remonstrating against therein," and the act approved September 28, 1850, entitled "An act to the establishment of a parcel-post system, which were referred enable the State of Arkansas and other States to reclaim swamp lands to the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. within their limits," be, and the same are hereby, fixed, reserved, and confirme(l to that State as though the official surveys had been regu He also presented memorials of sundry citizens of Kansas larly extended over such townships. City, Kans., remonstrating against the enactment of legislation The amendment was agreed to. compelling the observance of Sunday as EJ. day of rest. in the Dis trict of Columbia, which were ordered to lie on the table. The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amendment was concurred in. He also presented a petition of the Woman's Christian Tem 'l'he bill was ·ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read perance Union of Iola, Kans.; and a petition of the United the third time, and passed. , Presbyterian Church, of Newton, Kans., praying for the enact ment of legislation to regulate the interstate transportation of BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTION INTRODUCED. intoxicating liquors, which were referred to the Committee on Bills and a joint resolution were introduced, read the first the Judiciary. time, and, by unanimous consent, the second time, and referred Mr. BRADLEY presented petitions of sundry citizens of New as follows: port and Louisville, in the State of Kentucky, praying for the By Mr. CUl\Il\:UNS : ratification of the proposed treaties of arbitration between the A bill (S. 5451) to further regulate commerce among the United States, Great Britain, and France, with the so-called States and with foreign nations, to create a trade commission, Root amendment, and also for the ratification of a similar and for other purposes; to the Committee on Interstate Com treaty with Germany, which were ordered to lie on the table. merce. l\lr.. RAYNER presented a petition of sundry citizens of Mary By Mr. KENYON: land, praying for the passage of the so-called eight-hour bill, A bill ( S. 5452) granting a pension to James Rogers; which was referred to the Committee on Education and Labor. A bill ( S. 5453) granting an increase of pension to Emmett A. Brockway ; and REPORTS OF COMMITTEES. A bill (S. 5454) granting an increase of pension to Spear S. Mr. PA.GE, from the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry, Zenor; to the Committee on Pensions. to which was referred the bill (S. 3) to cooperate with the By Mr. 1\IcLEAN: States in encouraging instruction in agriculture, the trades, and A bill (S. 5455) to establish a system of wireless telegraphy industries and home economics in secondary schools; in main in the Philippine Islands; to the Committee on the Philippines. taining instruction in these vocational subjects in State normal A bill ( S. 5456) for the relief of the estate of Philip Halsey schools; in maintaining extension departments in State colleges Remington; to the Committee on Claims. of agriculture and mechanic arts; and to appropriate money and A bill ( S. 5457) granting a pension to John Lehr (with ac regulate its expenditure, reported it with amendments and sub companying papers) ; to the Committee on Pensions. mitted a report (No. 405) thereon. By l\Ir. OLIVER: Mr. HEYBURN, from the Committee on Public Lands, to A bill ( S. 5458) to extend the time for the completion of a which was referred the bill ( S. 4839) for the relief of Mary J. bridge across the Delaware River south of Trenton, N. J., by Webster, reported it with an amendment and submitted a re the Pennsylvania Railroad Co. and the Pennsylvania & Newark port (No. 406) thereon. Railroad Co., or their successors; to the Committee on Com 1\1r. POINDEXTER, from the Committee on Public Buildings merce. and Grounds, to which was refefred the bill ( S. 4470) to provide A bill (S. 5459) for the relief of the Philadelphia & Rending for the erection of a public building at Wenatchee, Wash., re Coal & Iron Co. and Walston H. Brown, sole surviving partner ported it without amendment and submitted a report (No. 408) of the firm of Brown, Howard & Co. ; to the Committee on thereon. Claims. Ile also, from the same committee, to which was referred the By l\1r. ORA WFORD: bill ( S. 234 7) increasing the cost of erecting a post-office and A bill ( S. 5460) granting an increase of pension to Frederick courthouse building at Walla Walla, Wash., reported it with an Beckhorn (with accompanying paper) ; to the Committee on amendment and submitted. a report (No. 409) thereon. Pensions. 1\1r. BURTON, from the Committee on Foreign Relations, to By l\ir. WORKS : which was referred the joint resolution (H.J. Iles. 232) extend A. bill (S. 5461) governing the granting of licenses for bnr ing the operation of the act for the control and regulation of rooms in the District of Columbia, and for otller purposes; to the waters of Niagara Ri-rer, for the preservation of. Niagara the Committee on the District of Columbia. .. 1912. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE~ By Mr. CULLOM:: . By Mr. BOURNE: A bill ( S. 5462) for the relief of l\Iary 0. May~s i to the A bill (S. 5491) for the purchase of a site and the erection Committee on Claims. · thereon of a public building at CorvalliSi Oreg.; to the Com- By Mr. STEPHENSON: . mittee on Public Buildings and Grounds. · A bill {S. 5463) granting an increase of pension to Modest By Mr. JONES: Dufrane {with accompanying paper) ; and A bill (S. 5492) to provide for the formation of banking cor A bill (S. 5464) granting an increase of pension to William porations. for carrying on the business of banking in the Ter H. Miller (wi~ accompanying papers) ; to the Committee on ritory of .Alaska, and for other purposes; to the Committee OD Pensions. Territories. By Mr. JONES : By Mr. BORAH: A bill (S. 5465) for. the relief of holders and claimants of A joint resolution (S. J. Res. 80) extending the time for can prefe1'ence rights on public lands; and cellation of entries of land upon Minidoka project, -State of A bill (S. 5406) in aid of irrigation and creating a li~ on Idaho; to the Committee on Irrigation and Redamation of public lands in the State of Washington situated within the Arid Lands. boundaries of any irrigation district organized or heretofore INTERSTATE TRADE COMMISSION. organized under the laws of said State, and providing a I?ode Mr. NEWLANDS. I desire to introduce a bill, which is an of enforcing such lien by contest proceedings; to the Comnultee enlargement of the interstate trade commission bill which I in on Public Lands. troduced at the last session. A bill (S. 5467) granting a pension to Virginia C. Crawford; It provides, not only as that bill. did, for the change of the· A bill ( S. 5468) granting an increase of pension to Eldridge Bureau of Corporations into an interstate trade commission l\Iorse; with three commissioners, _of w horn the Commissioner of Cor A bill ( S. 54G9) granting a pension to Thomas Baxter ; and porations sh.all be one, with powers of visitation, examination, A bill (S. 5470) granting mi increase of pension to Brazil investigation, and publicity similar to those of the Interstate Van Dusen; to· the Committee on Pensions~ Commerce Commission, but also makes the commission an aid By Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: to the court in carrying out its decrees under the Sherman anti ·.A. bill (S. 5471) for the relief of the Viet.or Land Co.~ a cor poration; to the Committee on Public Lands. trust law and in the dissolution and reorganization of con demned corporations. It also enables the commission to act By Mr. CULBERSON (by request): upon its own initiative, or the complaint of any person, or at A bill (S. 5472) for the relief of the estate of Thomas. the request of the Attorney General in investigating any corpo Murray Tolman ; to the Com.mitt~ on Claims. By Mr. SMITH of Maryland: ration ~barged with the violation of the act creating the com mission or the antitrust act, and ghres the condemned corporation A blll (S. 5473) for the relief o:f .Tennie R.. W. Vollmer; to the Committee on Claims. 60 clays within which to :readjust itse-lf to the requirements of By lli. GARDNER: the l&w. It expressly provides, however-, that nothing in the · A bill (S. 5474} to provide for the general welfare and to bill shall interfere with the Attorney General in enforcing the regulate commerce with foreign countries and between the antitrust act. I ask that the bill be read. several States and to increase and enlarge the facllities.-and · The bill (S. 5485) to. create an interstate trade commissiou, efficiency of the Post O:.ffi.ce Department; to the Committee on to define its powers and duties, and for other purposes, was read the first time by its title and the second time at length, as Interstate Commerce. follows: By Mr. THORNTON: A bill (S. 5485) to create an interstate trade. commission,. to define its A bill (S. 5475) for the relief of the heirs or estate of Eliza powers and duties., and for otheI' purposes. M. Parrott, deceased; to the Committee on Claims. B6 it enacted,. eta., That this act shall be re.furred to and cited as the By Mr~ SMOOT: interstate trade commission act Corporatio.118' a majority of whose A bill {S. 5476) granting an increase of pension to Willson G. voting securities is held or owned by any corporatio.n subject to the terms o.f this act are referred to herein as subsidiaries of such holding Nowers (with accompanying paper); to the Committee- on or owning corporation. Pensions. SEC·. 2. That on and after the - day of---, 1912,. the Burean of By Mr. CLAPP (for Mr. LA FoLLETTE) : Corporations shall be sepai.-ated from the Department of Commerce and 5477) (with Lab-Oi-, and shaU be thereafter known as the interstate trade c:ommi'& A bill (S. granting ·a pension to Lydia A. Flack sion, and all of the powers, duties, and funds belonging or pertaining accompanying pa.per) ~to the Committee on Pensions. to the Bureau of Corporations shall thereafter belong and pertain to th~ By Mr. GUGGENHEIM: interstate trade commission. And all the officials and employees of said bureau shall be thereupon transferred to the interstate tra.de commis A. bill ( S. 5418) appropriating $10,000 to be used by tbe sion.. The said commission shall also have a secretary, a chief clerj[, Forest Service in the construction of a hig.hway through the and such other and additionaL emp;loyees as sh:ll1 be proYide:d by law Battlement National Forest, in Colorado; SEC. 3.. That the interstate trade commissi<>n shall consist of three members, of whom no more than one shall belong to the same political A bill (S. 5479) appropriating $15,000 to be used by the party. The Commissioner of Corporations holding the. office on the safd Forest Service in the construction of a highway from Wagon - day of ---. 1912, shall be ex officlo a member of the commission Wheel Gap to the Wheeler National Monument~ in the Rio for the first three years ot its existence. and shall also be chairman of Grande National Forest, in Colorado; the commission for the first year of its enstelice, and thereaf-tei: the chairman shall be selected annun.lly by the com.missicm from its. mem A hill {S. 5480) appropriating $5,000 to be used by the Forest bership ; and the then De~uty Commissioner ot Corpo.rations shall be Service in the improvement of the highway over- Coehetopa the seeretary of the commission. f.or the first year of its existence, and Pass and through the Cochetopa Forest Reserve, in Colorado; th.erea!te.r the secretary shall be selected by the commission ~ and after the o.rganizati.on of the commission the titres and offices of Commis A bill {S. 5481) appropriating $5,000 to be used by the Forest . sioner of Corporations and Deputy Commissioner of Corporations, re Service in the improvement ot the highway over Monarch Pass · spectively: shall cease to exist. The remaining two members of the com and through the Leadville and G1:1nnison Forest Reserves, in mission shall be appointed by the President. by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, a.Ild the terms of such commissioners so. first ap Colorado; pointed shall be, six: and nine years,, respeetivelyt and shall be so desig A bill (S. 5482) appropriating $5,000 to be used by the Forest nated by the :President in making such appolnnnents; and thereafter Service in the improvement of tb.e highway over Tennessee , all the commissioners shall hold office for the term ol nine ;years, and shall be appointed by the President, by and with tM advice and con Pass and through the forest reserve o:f the Leadville National sent of the Senate. Eaeh membei" of' said commission shall receive a Forest, in Colorado ; - saJary of $10.,000 a year. The seeNta.i-y shall rece.ive a salary oI - A bill (S. 5483) appropriating $15,00(} to be used by the For thousand doliars a year. SEc. 4.. That every COI'pora.tion heretofo.re or hereafter organized est Service in the construction of a road from Twin Lakes to within the United States or doing business therein whose annual gross Aspen. in the Leadville and Holy Cross Forest Reserves. in receipts, inclusive o! the annual gross receipts of its subsidiaries, if Colorado ; and - any~ exceed $5,000,000, and engaged in eommer-ce among the several States or with foreign nations, excepting corporations subject to the A bill (S. 5484) appropriating $25,000 to be used by the For- act fo regulate eommerce, approved. February 4., 1887, as amended, and est Service in the construction of a wago:n road in the San exce~ting banking and trust companies, but including pipe-line com Juan National Forest, in La Plata County, Cofo. (with aecom pa11ies, shall, within four months after this act takes effect, or, if organized or otherwise beeoming subjeet to this act subsequent to such .panying paper); to the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. taking effect hereof, then within two monthi after S<> becoming subject By Mr. CLAPP (by reque.st}: to this act, furnish to the commission in wrlti.npj statements showing A bill ( S. 5487) for the relief of Frank Goins, a Choctaw such facts as tc> its organization. financial condition, and operations as may be prescribed by the commission to be made in p.nrsuance of Indian; to the Committee- on Indian Affairs.. this act. Similar statements shall be made- by its sobsidiaries. Sueb By Mr. CffiLTON: statements shall be made as of such date as may be prescribed hy the A bill (S~ 5488) granting an increase of pension .to Adeline commission and shall be verified under oath by such officers of such cor poration as may be presc-ribed by the said regulations. Summerville; and SE.c. 5. That all corporations subjed to this act, and. theit" respective A bill (S. 5489) granting an increase of pension to John subsidiaries, shall from time to time furni~ to the. co~missiou such Walton; to the Committee on Pensions information, statement. and ree:ords of. their orgamzation, business, financial eendition, conduct, and management at such time, to such A bill ( S.. 5400) :for .the relief o:f. Frances Arbogast; to the degree and extent, and in suell form as may be prescribed by the com Committee on Claims. mission; and the commission at all reasonable times, or its duly author- . -- 2436 CONGRESSIONAIJ RECORD-. SENATE. FEBRUARY 26, lzed agent or agents, shall have complete access to all records; accounts, NQthing contained in this act shall be construed to prevent or inter minutes, books, and papers of such corporations, including the records fere with the Attorney General in enforcing the provisions of the act to of any of their executive or other committees. Failure or neglect on protect c'ommerce, etc., approved July 2, 1890. the part of any corporation subject to this act, or of any of its sub sidiaries, to comply with the terms of this section · or of section 4 The VICE PRESIDENT. The bill will be referred to the within 60 days after written demand shall have been made upon such Committee on Interstate Commerce. corporation by the commission requiring such co'mpliance, shall con stitute a misdemeanor, and upon conviction such corporation shall be COMBINATIONS IN RESTRAINT OF TRADE. subject to a fine of not more than $1,000 for every day of such failure Mr. NEWLANDS. I also introduce a bill, which was drawn or neglect. . SEC. 6. Tbat the commission shall from time to time make public the by Edgar H. Farrar, of New Orleans, late president of the information received under this act in such form and to such extent American Bar Association, at the suggestion of the Interstate as shall be prescribed by the commission: Provided, however, That the Commerce Committee, before which he recently appeared. This commission shall, so far as possible, distinguish between information which is purely private and the publication of which can serve no public bill prescribes . the conditions upon which State corporations interest and such information as is not so private and is of impor may engage in interstate commerce. These prohibitions apply tance to the public. to holding companies, to corporations with interlocking direc SEC. 7. That the district courts of the United States, upon the appli cation of the commission alleging a failure to comply with such order tors, to corporations whose stocks or securities have been of the commission or alleging a failure to comply with or a violation of watered, to corporations which control an undue proportion any of 'the provisions of this act by any corporation subject thereto, of any business, and to corporations which seek to stifle compe shall have jurisdiction to lsime a writ or writs of mandamus or in tition by unfair practices. junction or other order enforcing such order of the commission or com manding such corporation to comply with the provisions of this act. This bill is on lines similar to those of the bill introduced SEC. 8. That the said commission may at any time, if in the opinion by the Senator from Mississippi [Mr. WILLIA.MS] and other pro of the commission public necessity requires such action, order and posals before the committee looking to the reformation of tho require any corporation engaged in commerce among the several States or with foreign nations, except corporations subject to the act to regu loose corporation laws of the States, by preventing corpora late commerce, approved February 4, 1887, as amended, and excepting tions organized under them from engaging in interstate com banking and trust companies, but including pipe-line companies, to merce unless the State charters or the organization of the make such statements and give such information as is prescribed in sections 4 and 5 of this act, which information shall be published in companies under them conform to the conditions laid down by acco1·dance with the provisions of section 9 hereof. 'I'he commission national law. may lllso obtain from any such corporation, through the powers granted The looseness of the State corporation laws is most effectiYely in section 8 hereof, such information as shall enable said commission to determine whether such corporation is subject to the terms of this exposed in the address of 1\Ir. Farrar before the American Bar act. The decisions of the said commission made under the powers con . Association. It will be found, together with his Yery clear and ferred upon it in this act shall be final, except as to matters involving comprehensive statement, in the recent hearing of the Senate _the takln~ of private property without due process of law and involving the question whether the order ls within the scope of the authority Committee on Interstate Commerce. under which it purports to have been made. I ask that the bill be read in full. SEC. 9. That in order to accomplish the purposes declared in sections The bill ( S. 5486) to further protect commerce among the 5 and 8 of this act the said commission shall have and exercise the States and with foreign nations from unlawful combinations in same power and authority in respect to corporations subject to this act as is conferred on the Interstate Commerce Commission in said act to restraint of trade and from monopolies by regulating the kinds regulate commerce and the amendments thereto in respect to common of corporations and incorporated partnerships that may take carriefS, so fnr as the same may be applicable, including the right to part in such commerce was read the first time by its title and subpcena and compel the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of documentary evidence and to administer oaths. All the the second time at length, as follows: requirements, obligations, liabilities, and immunities imposed or con A bill (S. 5486) to further protect commerce among the States and ferred by said act to regulate commerce and by an act in relation to with foreign nations from unlawful combinations in restraint of trnde testimony before the Interstate Commerce Commission, etc., ap and from monopolies by regulating the kinds of corporations and in proved February 11, 1893, supplementary to said act to regulate com corporated partnerships that may take part in such commerce. merce; and the act defining immunity, approved June 30, 1906, shall !Je it enacted, e~c., That the provisions of this act shall not apply to also apply to all persons who may be subpcenaed to testify as witnesses railroads, steai;nship or steamboat or other water-tram:portation com or to produce documentary evidence in pursuance of the authority con panies,' pipe-line companies, express companies, or banking corporations ferred by sections 5 and 8 hereof. or trust companies, unless such corporations shall contain, in their char SEC. 10. That the said commission shall, on or before the - day of ters, powers and faculties authorizing them to buy and to sell or trade --- in each year, make a report, which shall be transmitted to Con in the objects and articles of commerce othel'wise than for their own gress. This report shall contain such information and data collected by use and consumption. the commission as it may deem of value in the determination of ques SEC. 2. That the provisions of this act shall apply to every corpora tions connected with the regulation of commerce, together with such tion or incorporated partnership, both hereinafter called org~nlzations• , recommendations as to additional legislation relating thereto as the engaged in whole or in part in commerce in its own behalf or as agents commission may deem necessary. factors, or commission merchants for others, whose capital stock shall SEC. 11. That any person willfully making or furnishing to said equal $~5,000 or whose capital stock, being less than $25,000, conducts commission any statement, return, or record required by this act, when a business• whose annual gross receipts are $100,000, 10 per cent in knowing such statement, return, or record to be false in any material amount of whose annual gross business in either case shall consist of particular, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall transactions in commerce among the States or with foreign nations, or be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or in both combined. both. SEC. 3. That every organization, within the purview of this net, shall keep books, records•, and accounts, so as to show clearly and in SEC. 12. That in case a final decree shall be issued against any cor telligently all the business and transactions of the organization. A poration under the act entitled "An act to Rrotect trade and commerce failure to keep such books, records, and accounts, or the willful conceal against unlawful restraints and monopolies, approved July 2, 1890, or ment, or willful destruction of any material part of such books, records, under sections 73 to 77, inclusive, of "An act to reduce taxation, to and accounts, unless the same s•ball be more than 10 years old, shall provide revenue for the Government, and for other purposes," which debar such organization from the right to participate in commerce became a law August 27, 1894, the court entering such decree or the among the States or with foreign nations. The Bureau of Corporations Attorney General may intrust the enforcement of such decree and the prescribing of all necessary details thereunder to said commission, ~:go~d~~ve power to fix the kjnd and method of such bookkeeping and which shall have power to so enforce such decree and provide for all SEC. 4. That every organization, by the very fact of engaging in com arrangements, transactions, and organizations necessary to carry out to merce among the States or with foreign nations, or both combined, to the full extent the said decree: Provided, That such court may, in Its the extent hereinabove specified, shall subject itself to the provisions discretion, refer to the commission its decree, with instructions to take of this act, and subject itself to the right of visitation by the Uni!ed such evidence, consider such facts, and report such findings as to method States, to be exercised by the Bureau of Corporations, eitbe1· in its dis of dissolution and reorganization as the commission shall consider best cretion or under the direction of the President of the United States, or fitted to completely carry out such decree, and report the same back to by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, or of the Attorney General such court for its action. of the United States, or of any committee of the Senate or of the House SEC. 13. That the said commission may at any time, upon complalnt of Representatives of the United States. This right of visitation shall of any person, corporation, or body, or upon its own initiative, or upon include the right to examine all the books, records, stock books, letters, the request of the Attorney General, investigate any corporation en papers, telegrams, and contracts of the organization, and the letters, gaged in interstate trade for the purpose of determining whether such papers, and conb·acts, etc., of the officers, directors, agents, or· stock corporation bas been guilty of a violation of the act entitled "An act holders of the organization that pertain to the affairs, contracts, and to protect trade and commerce against unlawful restraints and monopo business of the organization itself, and the right to examine under oath, lies," approved July 2, 1890, or under sections 73 to 77, inclusive..!. of in respect to the business or acts of the organization any officer, di "An act to reduce taxation," etc., which became a law August 27, ll:s04, rector, stockholder, agent, employee, or contractee of the organization. or of any of the provisions of this act, and may hold such bea1ings and No person so examined under oath shall refuse to answer any question take such evidence as it may deem necessary; and in case the commis put to him by any authorized officer of said Bureau of Co1·porations on sion shall find that such corporation bas been guilty of a violation of the ground that his answers might subject him to a criminal prosecu the provisions of said acts or of this act it shall make a finding, stat tion, but not such incriminating answers shall ever be used, directly or ing the facts, and prescribing the acts, transactions, and readjustments indirectly, in any criminal prosecution against the person answering, necessary in order that said corporation may thereafter comply with but such incriminating answers may be used against the organization the terms of said acts and of this act, and shall transmit a copy of the itself or against any third person ; nor shall the answering of such said finding in full to such corporation. If within 60 days after trans incriminating questions give the person answering any immunity from mitting said finding, or such extension thereof as shall be given by the prosecution by the Government, if the Government can institute and commission, the corporation shall not have complied with the terms of conduct such prosecution on evidence other and distinct from said in the finding, and shall not have performed the acts prescribed as neces criminating answers. This right of visitation If denied, hindered, or sary to make it comply with the said acts or with this act, the com obstructed shall be enforced by summary rule, in the nature of a rule mission shall report the fact of noncompliance to the Attorney General, for contempt, taken in the name of the Unlted States in the district together with a copy of such finding, for his action under the said acts court of the United States having jurisdiction over the organizationl or of this act. But the commission may, if it deems it proper, report or the person to be examined and u·ied before a jury, and no writ o the facts to the Attorney General without calling upon such corpora error or appeal shall be allowed from any verdict, judgment, or decre~ tion for compliance with said acts or with this act. on such rule, except to the United States. No information of any ki¥ . •. 1912. .CONGRESSIONAfj RECORD-SENATE. . 2437 or nature in respect to the business or affairs of any organization ob· until there is a return of nulla bona on any execution under a judg· tained by the Bureau of Corporations under this ad shall be disclosed ment for fines imposed on such individual defendants, whereupon execu to any person except to the Secretary. of Commerce and Labor, the tion may issue for such fines against the organfaation, which on pay Attorney General, the Presiden.t of the United States, or either of the ment of such fines and costs shall be subrogated to the rights of the Houses of the Congress of the United States upon its demand to that United States against such defendants. end, or to a grand or petit jury of the United States in a criminal or SEC. 8. That this act may be enforced by injunction against the civil prosecution conducted by the United States. organization or by criminal proceedings against individuals, or by SEC. 5. That the following organizations are hereby declared to be both, separately or simultaneously; and no action or prosecution under hostile to the public policy of the United States, and are hereby abso this act shall be barred, except by the lapse of five years from the date lutely excluded from and prohibited from participation to any extent in of the offense or from the date when· knowledge of it came to an commerce among the States or with foreign nations, to wit: officer of the United States authorized to prosecute. First. Any organization, popularly called a holding company, that is, SEC. 9. That this act shall go into effect one year from the date when organized to acquire and bold the stocks of one or more organizations it shall become a law, in order that all corporations may adjust them engaged in commerce among the States or with foreign nations in sub· selves to its provisions. stantially the same kind of business, or in kinds of business cognate SEC. 10. That all laws and parts of laws in conflict herewith are to or auxiliary to, or ancillary to each other. hereby repealed, but this act shall not be construed as a repeal of sec · Second. Any organization any of whose stock is held, owned, or con tion 1 of the act approved June 29, 1906, known as the Hepburn Act, trolled, directly or indirectly, by any holding company, or by any other nor of the act approved July 2, 1890, known as the Sherman antitrust organization engaged in commerce among the States or with foreign law, but it shall be construed as in aid of and in furtherance of said nations in substantially the same kind or kinds of business. acts. 'fhird. Any organization that holds, owns, or controls, directly or indirectly, any of the stock of any other organization engaged in com The . VICE PRESIDENT. The bill will be referred to the merce among the States or with foreign nations in substantially the Committee on Interstate Commerce. same kind of business or businesses as its own business or businesses. Fourth. Any organization which bas issued or shall issue fictitious AMENDMENTS TO APPROPRIATION BILLS. or watered securities, whether in the form of stocks, bonds, debentures, 1\Ir. SUTHERLAND submitted an amendment authorizing the certificates, or of any other form or device whatever. Fictitious or watered securities are hereby declared to be securities, as above de Secretary of the Treasury to pay Cora B. Thomas her salary as fined, issued, or assumed by the organization, without the actual re clerk of Class 3, Treasury Department, for the year 1912 at ceipt by the organization of money, or property, or franchises, or good $1,600 per annum, deducting therefrom any salary paid her dur will, or patents, or trade-marks, or labor, or serv-ice, which bear a fair and substantial ratio in their actual value to the par value of the ing the year as a clerk at "$600, etc., intended to be proposed by securities issued therefor. Subject to the control of the courts, the him to the sundry civil appropriation bill, which was ordered Bureau of Corporations shall on the facts of each case determine what to be printed and, with the accompanying paper, referred to the snch fair and substantial ratio is, but in no case shall it be less than 75 per cent. - Committee on Appropriations. Fifth. Any organization formed for the conduct of any kind or kinds 1\Ir. BURTON submitted an amendment proposing to appro of business by the consolidation or amalgamation ·by purchase or other wise- of other organizations, or of the property or business of other priate $5,900 for expenses at the International Radiotelegraphic organizations, or of the business or good will of individuals or firms, Conference, etc., intended to be proposed by him to the diplo· engaged in substantially the same kind or kinds of business, where at matic and consular appropriation bill, which was referred to the the time of the formation of such organization the aggregate of the business or businesses done in commerce between the States or with Committee on Foreign Relations and ordered to be printed. foreign nations, or in both combined, by the organization'S, firms, or l\Ir. BROWN submitted an amendment proposing to appro individuals transferring their business to the new organization, shall priate $1,500 for the construction of a septic tank and sewer exceed 25 per cent of such kind or kinds of business annually done in the United States in such commerce. main at the Indian school at Genoa, Nebr., intended to be pro Sixth. Any organization formed as provided in section 5, but not at posed by him to the Indian appropriation bill, which was re the time of its formation coming within the purview of that section, ferred to the Committee on Indian Affairs and ordered to be which shall have increased its business in commerce among the States or with foreign nations by the subsequent acquisition of the business or printed. property or good will of other corporations, firms, or individuals en He also submitted an amendment proposing to appropriate gaged in substantially the same kind of business or businesses in such $3,000 for the erection of a cottage for the use of the gardener commerce until its business or busln.esses annually done in such com merce shall exceed 25 per cent of such kind or kinds of business annu at the Indian school, Genoa, Nebr., intended to be proposed ally done in the United States in such commerce. by him to the Indian appropriation bill, which was referred to Seventh. Any organization formed as provided in section 5, but not at the time of its formation coming withm the purview of that section, the Committee on Indian Affairs and ordered to be printed. which shall have increased its business in commerce among the States He also submitted an amendment proposing to appropriate or with foreign nations until its business or businesses in such com $6,000 for the erection of a cottage for the use of the superin merce shall exceed 50 per cent of such kind or kinds of business annually done in the United States in such commerce. tendent of the Indian school, Genoa, Nebr., intended to be pro · Eighth. Any organization whose capital stock at the time of its posed by him to the Indian appropriation bill, which was re organization, or whose capital stock and surplus established at the time f erred to the Committee on Indian Affairs and ordered to be of its organization, or by subsequent contributions of its stockholders, shall exceed 25 per cent of the sound actual capital of the organizations., printed. individuals, and firms domiciled in the United States at that time He also submitted . an amendment proposing to appropriate engaged in substantially the same kind or kinds of businesses in com $3,500 for additions to the hospital and office at the Indian merce among the States or with foreign nations. The funds received by such a corporation from securities other than stock issued by it at the school, Genoa, Nebr., intended to be proposed _by him to the time of its organization, or within five years thereafter,• shall be con Indian appropriation bill, which was referred to the Committee sidered as part of its capital stock for the purposes of this act. This on Indian Affairs and ordered to be printed. clau:.;e shall not apply to an organization formed to exploit a new indm1tt·y or the manufacture and sale of a new article of commerce. He also submitted' an amendment proposing to increase the Ninth. Any organization, the majority of whose stock is owned or appropriation for general repairs and improvements at the controlled by the same persons who own or control the majority of the Indian school, Genoa, Nebr., from $3,000 to $6,000, intended to stock in any other organization, engaged in commerce among the States or with foreigrr nations in substantially the same kind of business or be proposed by him to the Indian appropriation bill, whicb ·was businesses. referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs and ordered to be Tenth. Any organization which -bas the majority of its directors the printed. same as the majority of the directors of any other organization engaged in commerce among the States or with foreign nations or in both in Mr. CURTIS submitted an amendment authorizing the Secre ·substantially the same kind of business or businesses. tary of Agriculture to construct one or more demonstration SEC. 6. That any organization engaged or about to engage, as herein provided, in commerce among the States or with foreign nations, or plants on or near the west line of the State of Kansas, etc., in both, shall have the right to cause itself and its affairs to be intended to be proposed by him to the Agricultural Rppropria examined by the Bureau of Corporations for the purpose of determining tion bilI, which was referred to the Committe~ on Agriculture whether it bas the power under section 5 to engage, or to continue to engage, in such commerce, and the decision of such bureau shall be and Forestry and ordered to be printed. prima facie col'L'ect, subject to the revision and control of the courts ; He also submitted an amendment proposing to appropriate and as long as the facts remain the same as they existed at the time $20,000 for the erection of a school building for the post at of such examination, if they were then fully and truthfully disclosed to the Bureau of Corporations, the decision of the Bureau of Corpora Leavenworth, Kans., intended to be proposed by him to the tions in favor of such organization shall relieve such organization, its Army appropriation bill, which was referred to the Committee officers, agents, and employees from the fines and penalties herein on Appropriations and ordered to be printed. imposed. but shall not relieve the ~organization from an injunction from prohibiting It from continuing to participate in comme1ce among the Mr. POINDEXTER submitted an aplendment proposing to States or with foreign nations, or both. appropriate $10,000 for cooperation by the Forest Service with SEC. 7. 'l'hat if any organization within the purview of this act shall the University of Washington for the discovery of valuable violate any of its provisions every office1', director, stockholder, em ployee, or agent of such organization responsible for such violation or products by distillation of woods, etc., intended to be proposed participatin~ therein shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the highest by him to the Agricultural appropriation bill, which was re grade, and snail on con;yiction be fined not less than $2,000 and not more ferred to the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry and than $25,000, and sball be imp1·isoned for not less than one and not morn tbnn five yearS". Wbel'e several of the officers, directors, stock ordered to be printed. holders, employees, or agents of a corporation sball be included in He also submitted an amendment proposing to appropriate one indictment or information the right of severance in the trial of $10,000 to enable the Secretary of the Interior to purchase lands such indictment or information shall not exist, except on the demand of the United States. In all prosecutions under this act the organiza· for a school site to promote the well-being and civilization of tion which has violated its provisions shall be served with a copy of the Indians residing among the Kalispel Indians, in Pend the indictment, and shall be considered a defendant in such action, and d'Oreille County, Wash., etc., intended to be proposed by him to shall be permitted to appear and defend on its own account, but it shall not be called upon to pay. the fines assessed against its officers, directors. the Indian appropriation bill, which was referred to the Com stockholders, ~mpleyees, or agents, unless they fail to pay the same and mittee on Indian Affairs and ordered to be printed. 2438 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. · FEBRUARY 26, Mr. CLAPP submitted an amendment proposing to appropri In many other cases it is bread, meat (fatback), and coffee. Breakfast ate 50,000 for the acquisition of a site near the town of Pem consists of coffee, bread, sirup, and pork in some form." broke, N. C., for a school for the In'dians of Robeson County, MOTHER IN DISCARDED GARB. N. C., etc., intended· to be proposed by him to the Indian ap The report shows that the earning of a family where five were em· ployed in the mill was something between $800 and $900 a year, and propriation bill, which was refe1Ted to the Committee on In that the average amount spent by the father of the family on his dian Affairs and ordered to be printed. clothing was $38.97. OMNIBVS CLAIMS BILL. The mother, it is stated, spent less for her clothing than did the older daughters, and that in ome instances the amount spent by them for Mr. NELSON submitted two amendments intended to be pro clothing was wholly inadequate. In one instance one mother reported posed by him to the bill (H. R. 19115) making appropriation as clothing for the year " slippers, 98 cents," she wearing the clothing that her daughters had discarded. The average paid by any mother for for payment of certain claims in accordance with findings of her clothing for the year was 14.92. In the majority of instances, it the Court of Claims, reported under the provisions of the acts is stated, the families end the year slightly in debt. approved March 3, 1883, and March 3, 1887, and commonly 1\Ir. O_VERMAN. Mr. President, after reading that state • h."llown as the Bowman and the Tucker Acts, which were re ment in the Washington Herald, my first impulse was to ask ferred to the Committee on Claims and ordered to be printed. for an in-vestigating committee on the part of the Senate to THE STEEL SCHEDULE. inquire whether or- not those statements are true. I knew they Mr. GRONNA submitted an amendment intended to ba pro were misleading and that they ·were not true. I went to see posed by him to the bill (H. R. 18642) to amend an act entitled the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, whom I have always "An act to provide re-venue, equalize duties, and encourage the found to be a splendid gentleman, and I knew, together with industries of the United States, and for other purposes,u ap his great ability, he was a man of justice and fairness. He proved August 5, 1909, which was referred to the Committee on called in the Commissioner of Labor, and, in response to what Finance and ordered to be printed. · occurred at our conference, the commissioner has written me a ADDRESS BY JUSTICE STAFFORD (S. DOC. NO. 344). letter, which I ask to have read at the desk. Mr. SUTHERLAND. I send to the desk a copy of an ad The VICE PRESIDENT. Without objection, the Secretary dress delivered by Justice Wendell Phillips Stafford of the Su will read the letter, as requested by the Senator from North preme Court of the District of Columbia before the New York Carolina. County Lawyers' Association at its annual banquet, February The Secretary read as follows : 17, 1912, on the subject of "The new despotism." I move tha.t DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR, BmrnAU OF LABOR, the address be printed as a Senate document. Wasllingto1i, Februa1·v £4, 1912. The motion was agreed to. ~on. LEE s. OVERlIAN, United States Washington, D. 0. ST.ANDARD•OF LIVING .A.MONG COTTt>N-MILL FAMILIES. Senate, MY DEAR SENATOR OVER:a!AN : Referring to our conversation this Mr. OVERMAN. 1\Ir. President, I send to the desk an article morning in Secretary Nagel's office concerning the article appearing in ta.ken from the Washington Herald of the 24th instant, and ask the morning paper in which a Bureau of Labor report is quoted as saying " Southern miUs bad as prisons," and to your request that I the Secretary to read the head lines and the paragraph marked; write you in regard to that statement what I said to you in the con and I also ask that the remainder of the article be published in versation; I beg to say that no ·such statement appears in the volume to which. the article in question clearly refers, nor any statement that the RECORD. would justify such a sentence. The VICE PRESIDENT. Without objection, that order will Other than the data presented in the volume itself, no statement has be made. The Secretary will read as indicated. been given out by me nor, so far as I can learn, by anyone in the Bureau of Labor in any way dealing with this volume. The Secretary read as follows : The study itself represents an investigation of what standard of liv [From the Washington (D. C.) Herald, February 24, 1912.] ing the earnings of cotton-mill operatives permit them to maintain. A " SOUTHERS MILLS BAD AS PRISONS " (BlIBEAU OF LABOR REPORT)-FAMI dietary standard, arrived at through the studies of the Federal Depart LIES ILL FED, POORLY CLAD, AND IGNORED BY EVERY CL.A.SS OF SOCIETY ment of Agriculture, wa.s taken as a basis of comparison. This dietary CHILDnEN ALL DBUDGES. did not contain sufficient details for accurate comparison. It was found, however, that the dietary of the Federal prison at Atlanta corresponded • • • • • • • very closely in its totals with the food requirements of the Agricultural TWENTY-ONB HO~rns DESCRIBED. Department standard, and, in addition, it furnished all the items in The bureau selected 21 typical southern cotton-mill families, 10 of detail upon which the totals were based. This was taken as a mini them living 1n or near Atlanta, 6 just outside of Greensboro, N. C., and mum food standard for un adult male in full vigor at moderate muscular 5 living at Burlington, N. C., and the report states that a comparison work. Allowances were then made, upon a basis arrived at by the De of the menus of the families studied with the dietary of the Federal partment of .Agrjculture, for age and sex, and the food requirements prison at Atlanta snows that for breakfast and dinner the quantity and thus deduced were taken as a minimum standard. The actual standards quality of food of the families living fairly .well is not far different of living found amongst typical cotton-mill families in several southern from the prison diet. Th~y have a little more variety perhaps. cities and in Fall River, Mass., were then compared with this minimum standard, and also with a higher standardi which was given as a " fair" The remainder of the article is as follows: standard as actually found amongst the ramllies studied. The Bureau of Labor completed and made public yesterday a report The study ·does show that in a considerable perccntnge of the cnses on southern cotton-mill workers, which is likely to arouse the southern studied the individual families were not able, through the combined Congressmen considerably. In recent debates in Congress the Con income of the wage-earning members, to maintain a standard of living gressmen from southern States seemed sensitive on the subject of equal to the minimum standard in which the food requirements were southern woman and child labor, and the report made public tells in represented by the dietary of the Federal penitentiary. a striking way the decidedly dispirited conditions under which southern You were given a copy of the report in question this morning and can cotton-mill wo1·kers live. of scanty pay, scanty food, crowded homes, see by reading it what bnsis there is for the headlines to which you company stores, and of but little hope for the future. took exception and for which neither myself nor anyone connected with this bureau is in the slightest degree responsible. * * • • • • * I am, respectfully, yours, Taking the result of more than a hundred families studied in the southern cotton mills, the report says : CHAs. P. NEILL, Oommissloncr. " The minimum standard is a standard of living so low that one Mr. OVERMAN. Mr. President, why he should have com would expect few families to live on it." Of their social status the report says : pared these free-born American citizens who work in the cotton " In the first place, they are looked down upon by the other people mills with penitentiary convicts I do not know. Such a com of the South. There is no attempt to make them a part of the parison is odious and will enable some of these fanatical people community into which they have recently come. The old residents know little about them and care less. In the second place, certain to go up and down this country and charge that these cotton oonditions of the new industrial life forces th.is isolation. The whole mill hands are treated· like convicts. And without the full family-men, women, and children-are engaged in the same industry report and the truth it would astonish and outrage the public. in which every other family in their community is engaged." The report says that with few exceptions they live in houses owned I remind the Senate that the penitentiary referred to is a Fed by the mill company and in many cases buy their provisions from the eral penitentiary at Atlanta, and that the prisoners a.re fed out company store. "ln other industries," adds the report, "the father may feel that he of the bountiful funds of the Treasury of the United States. can never hope for anything more for himself, but he ean at least plan I want to read just two menus of two days of the penitentiary and struggle for a better life for his children. Here the mill demands to show that those convicts live about as well as the ordinary the children as well as the fathers." 'l'he report says the so-called normal family-father, with wife and man in this country. I know it to be a fact that no later than childrim depending upon him for support-is not found among the 21 yesterday I was told by a distinguished lawyer from my State typical southern cotton mills families studied, and that most of. the that when a man is convicted in a Federal court for a felony famllies, even the poores.t were supported by the earnings of several wage earnerf! and in addinon1 the maJority had the benefit of an income he always requests to be sent to the penitentiary at Atlanta from boarders. The average number of wage earners per family for rather than to jail. The following are some of the daily menus the 21 families was 3.6. these convicts had set before them : · PORK THEIR MAINSTAY. " The menus which appear with the family studies show better than any SUNDAY. description the character of the food eaten by the cotton-mill operators," Brea:kfast: Oatmeal, milk bread, butter, coffee. says the report. " It will be seen that corn bread biscuit, pork, · and Dinner: Beef, sweet potatoes, tomatoes, bread, bntter, coffee. coffee form a large part of the diet of all families. No tea is used, and Supper : Bread, butter, coffee. one family had a substitute for coffee. When pork is mentioned :without qualification it means fat pork, dry salted. This kind of ..meat contains MONDAY. ver1 little lean. Other kinds of P,Ork axe always specified. Breakfast: Wieners, grits, bread, putter, coffee. ' Supper with most of the farmlies is a light meal. Frequently it is Dinner: Pork and beans, raw on.Ions, bread, water. · nothing more than what is left from dinner, warmed over or eaten cold. Supper: Sweet potatoes, bread, butter, coffee. 1912. CONGRE_SSION AL RECORD-SEN ATE. 2439 TUESDAY. The average value of food consumed per week per man unit (Includ Breakfast: Potatoes, bread, butter, coffee. ing milk and butter from cow) for the year covered was $1.19. Fol Dinner: Beef, collards, bread, water. lowing is the menu of this family for three days: Supper : Prunes, bread, butter, coffee. MENU OF FAMILY No. 11 FOR 3 'D.AYS. WEDNESDAY. . .APRIL 13. Breakfast: Hash, bread, butter, coffee. Breakfa._st: Eggs, coffee (with sugar and milk), biscuit, butter. Dinner: Soup, sweet potatoes, bread, water. Dinner : Pork and beans, corn bread, biscuit, onions, coffee, milk, Supper: Pie, bread, butter, tea. butter. THURSDAY. _ Supper : Sausage, biscuit, butter, milk. Breakfast : Grits, bread, butter, coffee. .APRIL 14. Dinner: Fresh pork, sweet potatoes, collards, bread, water. Supper: Crackling bread, sirup, coffee. Breakfast: Ham, coffee (with sugar and milk), biscuit, butter. Dinner: Turnip greens with meat, sausage, biscuit, corn bread coffee FRIDAY. milk, butter. ' ' Breakfast: Beef, bread, butter, coffee. Supper: Fried shoulder, biscuit, butter, coffee, milk. Dinner: Fish, sweet potato(;! s, bi.·ead, water. Supper: Sauce, bread. butter, coffee. APRIL 15. SATURDAY. Breakfast: Eggs, fried shoulder, coffee (with sugar and milk), bis cuit, butter. Breakfast: Liver, bread, butter, coffee. Dinner : Liver and onions. cheese, sweet-potato pie corn bread bis- Dinner : Stew, bread, water. cuit, coffee, milk, butter. · ' ' Supper : Graham cookies, coffee. This family did practically all of their trading at tM company store and a complete itemized account for 24 weeks was obtained. This '.rhe Senator from Missouri [Mr. STONE] suggests to me that includ.es their expenditures for food, clothing, light, tobacco, medicine, he d0es not suppose that spuie Senators know what "crackling sundnes, i::andy, and gum. . bread" is, but some of us do, and it is pretty good food. I have gone indiscriminately through this report, which is Do no't your mouths water and do you not long for the good, Volume XVI of the report of the bureau. On page 26 it is old-fashioned home cooking, even of these poor cotton-mill fami lies? That is a family whose living he compares with the peni stated: tentiary convicts of this country. What is the Government go Families 1 to 8 live in Atlanta, Ga.; 12 to 15 in Greensboro, N. C.; and 17 to 21 at the country mill near Burlington. · ing to do about it? Do you propose to feed these people? Do you propose to clothe them? Do you propose to give them Now, I ask the Senate to listen and see whether the commis better wages? Now I will read from the report of a family sion was justified in drawing that comparison when I read the living at Burlington, N. C.: menu of family No. 11 at Greensboro, N. C., and others at Bur lington, N. C. : FAMILY NO. 16. The father in this family ia an itinerant preacher. The family FAMILY NO. 11. represents a standard of living very high among cotton-mill workers. This family has a cow which furnishes them with plenty of milk and Th~ following giv~s the membership of the family, with the age, occu· butter, and enables them sometimes to increase their income by selling pat10ns, and earmngs of the members : milk to their neighbors. The membership of the family and the age, occupation, and earnings Membership and inconie of family No. 16, 1908. qf the members are shown in the following table : Membership and income of family No. n, 1908. Earn- Amount • P'S paid Relationship. Sex. Age. Occupation. Indus- IDer family Amount try. durmg during Earn- paid to year. year. Relationship. Sex. Age. Occura tion. Indus- inzs family try. dunng durin~ ------.1---____, _____ ,, ___ ------year. year. Husband...... M. {9 Preacher...... $50. 00 $50. 00 ------1·---____ ,______, ___ ------Wife...... F : 49 Housekeeper ...... First child...... M. 25 Store clerk...... 126. 00 Husband...... M. 52 Opener ...... Cotton $229.02 $229.02 Second child...... F. 16 Spinner ..... Cotton. 225. 53 132. 00 Wife1 ...... Third child...... M. 14 School...... 177. 96 177. 96 First child...... F. 22 Housekeeper ...... 46. 69 46. 69 Fourth child...... F. 9 Second child...... F . 18 Spinner. .... Cotton 197. 20 197. 20 Married daughter...... F. over 21 ·weaver::::: coiiOii~ ·3i6: 58 · · · · · i32: oo Third child...... M. rn Dotter ...... do... 140. 59 140. 59 Son-in-law...... M. Over 21 ..... do ...... do...... :66.00 Fourth child...... M. 1.5 ..... do ...... do ... 104.04 104.04 Doarder and lodger.... F. Over .21 . . . • ...... 132. 00 Fifth child...... M. 13 . . ... do ...... do ... 55.94 55.94 Do ...... M. Over 21 • • . . • • . . . . • • • . . • . • ...... • . • • . . 126. 00 Six:hchild...... F. 10 At school...... Seventh child ...... M. 9 ..... do ...... Total ...... 941.96 ,S.')n-in-law...... M...... 2 40. 00 Total...... ······· · 813. 48 i Board and lodging for 6 months. Income from milk and butter amounted to $~0, making a total cash i Deceased. 2 Board for 4 months. inc On page 12-3 is the following statement as to family No. 20: SATURDAY. FAMILY NO. 20. Breakfast: Biscuit, fried ham, butter, jelly, coffee. Dinner: Biscuit, beans and meat, sweet potato pie, apple pie, butter, This family consists of the father, mother, and six· children. The jelly. following table shows the membership of the family, and the age, occu Supper: Dinner warmed over. pation, and earnings of the different members : Membership and income of family No. 20, 1908. Now I take the rep.:nt on a family in Fall lliver, Mass.; they are having a strike to-day. Amount Mr. GALLINGER. No, the strik~ is at Lawrence. Indus- Earnings paid to Mr. OVERMAN. Yes; it is Lawrence; but I believe Fall Relationship. Sex. Age. Occupation. during family try· year. d ming River is a cotton-mill town, is it not? year. Mr. GALLINGER. Yes. Mr. OVERl\IAN. And there are 27 different languages spoken there by the operatives, if the papers tell the truth about it. TI us band...... M. {0 Speeder.. . . . Cotton $206. 77 $206. 77 Wif"...... F. 34 Housekeeper F..ll\IILY NO. 103. Firstchild ..... :...... F. 15 Spinn<'..r ..... Cotton 197. 50 197. 50 '.rhis family is Portuguese. They came from the Azores and had been Second child...... Y. 14 Doffer...... do.. . 157. 79 157. 7\l in this country seven years. The children can speak English, but the Third child.. .. . • • . • • . . M. 13 ..... do ...... __ do... laS. 35 138. 35 parents can not. 'l'be family e6llSists of the tather, mother, and four Fourth child ...... F. 9 .At home .... ___ ..... ·-···· .. ·--··-.. -... children. The table following shows the age, occupation, and earnings Fifth child ...... ~ .... M. 6 ..... do ...... ----·-···· of the different members: Sixth child . -· _...... F. 4 ..... do ______...... --- .... ·-· Membership and income of family No. 103, 1308-9. Total...... _.... _...... 700.41 • Amount ln- Earnings paid to The family also had a cash income from milk and butter sold of $5.20~ Relationshi:P. Age. Occupation. d during family making the total income $705.61. They kept a cow and also consumea ustry. year. during pork of their own raising valued at $90 and garden vegetables valued year. at '7. The family occupy a four-room house and pay $2.60 per month rent ------.--1----1----1------1------The house is neat and clean and the mother appeared to be :i.n intelli Father...... M. 44 Sweept>...r.... . Cotton $203. 22 203. 22 gent woman a.r:.d a good manager. One room was used as the spare bed Mother ...... _ F. 36 Housekeeper ...... r oom. It was furnished with a. bed and bedding, washstand, dresser, First child ... _...... _ M. 19 Doff er...... Cotton 340. 33 340. 33 table, chairs, a few pictures, indow shades, and curtains. The bed Second child ... _...... F. 17 Spinner ...... do... 285.GO 285.60 was covered with a spread and pillow shams. The other rooms had the Third child...... _. Y. 11 At scbooL ...... usual beds and bedding, a sewing machine, tables, and lamps. The Fourth child...... F. 3 .Athome ...... kitchen, which is also the dining room. was furnished with table and chairs, a new six-hole range, and a good supply of cooking utensils. Total...... ___ ,_ ...... 829.15 '.rhe family had considerable sickness during the year. The husband lost nine weeks because of illness from malarial fever. All of the chil dren had the measles. 'Ihe amusements are simple. The family go to . Th~ father's earnings are estimated because his name, could not be church and SEday school, but this is only about once in four weeks, for identified on the pay roll of the company for which be worked. .there is no church at the mill. About once a month there is preaching They live on the first floor of a tenement in which there are eight in a schoolhouse which is some distance away. families. 'l'hey occupy four rcom , one of which is used for kitchen, The annual expenditures are as follows: dining room, and sitting room. The other three arc u ed for sleeping rooms. The kitchen stove furnishes the heat for all the rooms in the Expenditures of family No. fO, 1908. winter. The house is very dirty and is poorly taken care of. The Food------ $260.00 furnishings consist of absolute necessities only, such as table, chairs, Rent----~------ 31.20 stove, and lJeds. Clothing------ 111.84 The mother and younger chlldren are poorly clothed and very dirty. Fuel------"------ 4-0. 00 The mother had typhoid fever during the year and a baby died of pneu Light------.,------11. 70 monia. The health of the other members of the family was good. 2. 4-0 The diver ions of the family a.re simple--street car rides and moving 10.00 picture shows occasionally for the older members, and church. Doctor's~~~~~e:~:::::::::~~:::~::~:::~~~-======bills------22. 50 The annual expenditu'res are as follows : 11. 20 ChurchCow feed contributions------______" ______E$penditures of family No. 103, 1908-9. 64. 50 $383.24 Washing ______~------26.00 Food------"------ 10.00 Rent------~------ 84.00 Sundries------"------ Clothing------ 77.84 Two pigs------ 7.00 28.00 Furniture------ 39.80 Fucl----~------ 3.25 Light------ 7.28 Taxes~------ 3.00 Tobacco------ 5.20 Barbering------Drinks------ 10. 00 ---- Mediclne------7.00 TotaL------654.39 Doctor's bills------30.00 The family have saved practically nothing. The mother said that Newspaper , etc ______1. 00 they would save up a little money and then they would find something Church contributiOM------31. 20 they wanted, and it would be spent for that. She gave the instance of Amnsements------u.oo buying their stove. She said that at that time they had saved $40. Funeral expenses------35.00 They went to town and spent it all for the stove, some furniture, and Sundries-"------ 7.80 other things they needed, Poll ta:S:------2.00 The following, taken from page 129 of the report prepared Total------714. 56 under the direction of the Oommissioner of Labor, gives the The difference between the expenses for the year and the income menu for one week of "Family No. 21,'~ residing at Burling shows that there may have been some savings. The mother said, how ton, N. C. : ever, that they bad not saved any mon'ey. it may be that she was not telling the truth, though the grocery book showed that they were in ME"i'.lJ FOR FA~IILY No. 21, WREK ENDING MAY 8, 1909. debt to the store $25.81. . SUNDAY. The family lived very poorly and it would seem that they spent as , Breakfast: Fried meat, fried eggs butter, preserves, coffee, biscuit. little money as they could. The underclothing for most of the children Dinner : Fried chicken, chicken stew, butter, preserves, corn bread, and nearly all of the clothes for the youngest child are made by the biscuit. mother from the fl.our sacks in which she buys her flour. No supper; just ate anything that was left !rom dinner. • • • • • ¢ • l\lOXDA.Y. The average value or food consumed per week per man unit for the year covered was $1.60. . Breakfast: Fried tneat, fried eggs, butter, preserves, jelly, coffee, The menu for two days-May 23 and 24, 1909-was <>btained and is biscuit. as follows : · Dinner : Beans with meat, canned corn, sweet potato pie, butter, pre SUNDAY. serves, biscuit. Supper: Corn bread, butter, milk, preserves. Breakfast : Pork steak, bread, coffee, condensed milk. Dinner: Soup (made of meat, potatoes, cabbage, and bologna), bread, TUESDAY. ~ffee, condensed inilk. BTeakfast: Butter, preserves, biscuit, fried meat, coft'ee. Supper : Soop left from dinner. Dj.nner : Stewed chicken, sweet potato pie, butter, preserves, wheat MONDAY. bread. Supper : Wheat bread (biscult), corn bread, butter, jelly, milk. Breakfast : Bread, coffee, condensed. milk, soup from ~Y before. Dinner : Bread, cotree, condensed milk. WEDNESDAY. Supper : Soup from the day before. Breakfast: Biscuit, cotl'ee, fried ham, eggs, preserves, jelly, butter. The soup which entered so largely into the diet was made in a large Dinnei;: Biscnit, benns with pork, sweet potato pie, jelly, batter. iron pot. It is the custom to make enough to last several dals, and Supper : Corn bread, milk, butter,• beans, pie. to replenish it whenever the pot becomes empty. All kinds o ~~ts and veaetables are put into it. The bread is a very soggy composition THOilSDA.Y. made of flour and com meal. As the price of flour goes up, more corn Breakfast: Biscuit, ham, butter, jelly, cofl'ee. meal and less tlou:r is used in ma.king it. On one of the visits to the Dinner: Wheat bread, ham, cabbage with bacon, butter, jelly, beans, family for information the oldest boy came home from work for his milk, sweet potatoes. dinner. He sat down to the table, which was covered with oilcloth, Supper: Biscuit, cabbage, beans, butter, jelly, milk. and his dinner consisted <>f bread and coffee. FIUDAY. Now, .Mr. President, I wish the country could read this re~ Bt·eakfast: Biscuit, ham, eggs, butter, jelly, coffee. port and see how these families live. I want to show to the Dinner: Biscuit, bread, slaw, cabbage, ham, butter, jelly. Supper: Biscuit, butter, jelly, ham, milk. country-and it can ~e shown from this report-that the North '1912. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. Carolina cotton-mill operatives live as- well as any laboring Mr. OVERMAN. And reading from his- own report people in the world, and yet the Commissioner of Labor' in the Mr. LODGE. Mr. President--- Department of Commerce and Labor sends out to the country, The VICE PRES~""T. Does the Senator from Nooth not the report as put in the papers, because that is exaggerated Carolina. yield t-o- the Senator from Massachusetts? and untrue, but be does compare their method of living with Mr. OVERMAN. I do. that of the convicts in the penitentiaries of this country-th-ese · Mr. LODGE. l\ir. President, the Senator from Iowa fMi". · good people who live in my St-ate and in Atlanta, Ga., antl in CUMMINS] gave notice--- Massachusetts. If the Senator from Georgia would read it he.. Mr. OVERMAN. I beg the Senator's pardon. I will yield would see that the mill operatives in his State live just as well to the Senator from Iowa. as do those in North Carolina. They are a happy people~ they Mr. LODGE. I only wanted to say that the Senator from are a good people; they are American citizens; and I protest Iowa is obliged to leave the city at 40 minutes- past 3 o'clock, against this great Government of ours, to which they pay and if he could be aliowed to make his speech now, I know that taxes-- he would greatly npprecinte the courtesy. Mr. 'rILLl\fA.N. And they speak the English language, too. Mr. OVERMAN. I yield to the Senator from Iowa- very Mr. OVERMAN. And they speak the English. language. I gladly. I thank him for giving me this much ot' hls time. protest atainst theil' being slandered in the way they have The VICE PRESIDENT. As the Chair lIDderstands the re been by a great department or this Government. In passing, I quest of the Senator from Massachusetts, it is that morning want to say that the Secretary of Commerce and Labor told business be suspended untn the Senator from Iowa shalI have me that he did' not recommend the establishment of a new bu- concluded. reau to gather such information as this, but reported against it; Mr. LODGE'. I ask that the Senator from Iowa be permitted and yet the Senate. has passed a bill establishing a bureau. to to proceed' at this time, morning business meanwhile being get just such stuff as this, which it ha:s been stated eosts the suspended. Go-rernment the immense sum of $300,000. I do not know what The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the request the purpose of making such a report is. Mr. President, why 1 of the Senator from Ma~sachusetts? The Chair hears none. men should be guilty of such conduct, unless it is to create : The Senator from Iowa will proceed. prejudice ag~inst as glorious a section as there is in this coun- 1 PR-OPOSED PENSION LEGISLATION. try and against as fine a people as live, I do not know. Wh~n · Mr: CUM.MINS. Mr. President,. I ask the attention of the he snys that the- people of the South look down upon the llllll Senate that. I may consider- for a very brief time the general opera~ves,. I deny it.. ~hey sympathize,. encourage, anrl be~~ !suhject . of p.ension legislation. Upon this occasion I do not them m every way poss1-ble under the circumstances of th.eu ·intend to discuss in detail the relative merits of ·the several living and' environment. They build them schools,~ cll:1rches. · bills and. the- various suggestions that have been debated before and in some instances club houses, gymnasiums, reading rooms, the committee. I pause emly I-0ng enough t() say that the most and places of amusement. . liberal of them, if enacted by Congress and approved by the Mr. GALLil,GER. Mr. President-- . Pt·esiden4 will still leave the people of the United States under The VICE PRESIDE~"'T. Does the- Senator: from North an unpaid and u:npay:able obligation to the Union soldiers of the Carolina yield to the Senator from New Hampshire? Civil War, so great that it will only be recognized in that far- Mr-. OVERMAN. I yield to the Senator with pleasure. off day when tll.e· value of the- Union which they preserved is Mr. GALLINGER. If the men who are sent out on these more fully appreciated and more completely understood than it errands of supposed philanthropy did not find this sort of ~- is possible to appreciate- it or understand it n.:iw. At this mo terial in their minds, there would not be any use- for them m ment I am speaking chiefly in the hope that I can ha.sten what- thi~ bureau. ever action we are to take. It seems to me that the highest Mr. OVERMAN. That is correct. considerations: whieh ean move. a legislative assembly command .M:r. GALLINGER. If they should go out and report that the us to de whatever we intend to do immefilately. Wlmtever en people employed in the mills in North Carolina, in Massachu- largement of pensions we are willing to grant we ought to grant setts~ and in New Hampshire as well. are earning fair wages at once. Whatever debate is to ensue ought to begin now and and living in a: comfort:ible way, we would not make appro- he continued without eessation until we reach the- end. What priations of four or five hundred thousand dolfars for this stands in the way? Nothing. The sessi"Ons of the Senate have bureau to gather information: ?f this kind:.. It. w~uld come-. to been, and still are, well-nfgh barren of important. matters, and an end. So-, to perpetuate· thell" own salaries,. it is rather l.Ill- there can be no sufficient reason for· not. giving a few hours to portant that th~ men should find :fast this kind of thing that the men who . loving their country, imperiled their lives for it is· being ireported· ~ere, which Iooks to me to D~ utterly &'~- and for us through four years of march and camp and battle. dalous, and sornethmg. that ought ta be stopped m some way if We convene- at z,. a-djorrrn an hour or two or three later, and we can stop it. meet a.gain next day at 2. We are comfortable, have plenty Mr. OVERMAN. And furthermore-- to eat, enough to wear, and the day for us goes quickly and Mr. BORAH. Mr. President-- happily by; but on ea.Ch of these: days in which we have done The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from North Car- little and suffered n. other when he is hungry, to give him water when he is thirsty, whose heroic efforts made a great and prosperous country pos and to clothe him when he is naked, and to feel in doing these sible. [Applause in the galleries.] things an exaltation of spirit experienced in na other act of _The VICE PRESIDENT. Applause in the galleries must life, you will at the same time tell me why the United States cease and must not be repeated. · ought to make the last days of these brave fighters for the Union as restful and as content as human help can make them. , INQUIRY CONCERNING .APACHE INDIA.NS. There has been much conflict of opinion as to whether we Mr. HEYBURN. On February 21 I submitted a resolution ought to expend in pensiop.s, twenty millions, forty millions, or which went to the table. It appears that there was one sheet seventy millions more than we are now spending, and the missing. I withdraw Senate resolution 228, and introduce a merits of these bills with some people seem to rest upon the new resolution covering the subject, for which I ask: pl'esent extent to which they go in an increase in the annual expenses consideration. . of the Nation. I have not looked upon the subject from that The resolution (S. Res. 232) was read, considered by unani standpoint. We are able to do what we ought to do, whether mous consent, and agreed to, as follows: _in doing it we add to our appropriations twenty millions, forty ResoZ_ved, That the Secretary of War be, and he is hereby directed to f~rmsh the Senate with the following information: ' millions, or seventy millions. The inquiry always ought to be, First. How many Apache Indians are now held as prisoners of war What amount is necessary to drive want and misery away from at the Fort Sill (Okla.) Reservation. Second. How many of said Indians are males and how many are these old men during the remaining years of their lives? The females. greatest allowance that has been suggested will not give the Third. How many of said male Indians are under 40 years of aae. beneficiaries of the pension system the least luxury and will · F:ourth. How many of said Indians are known, at any time prior "'to barely suffice to maintain them with their own incomes in the then· capture, to have been engaged in hostilities against the United States or to have committed acts of violence against citizens or resi way that people of the most moderate means must live. dents of the United States. Why, then, should we hesitate to do our dnty and to respond Fifth. The names, ages, present condition of health, and general con to the most cTeditable and patriotic sentiments that are known duct of the Indians coming under the terms of the last. paraaraph. Sixth. The military necessity, if any, for continuing to ""hold said to human nature? There are some of these soldiers who need Apache Indians as prisoners of war no assistance. It may be that there are some who are un Sev_enth. By what authorit~ the said Apache Indians are now held worthy of recognition, but there is no practicable way of sepa as I?risoners of war, and, particularly, by what authority those of said Indians who were born in captivity and who have come of age while rating those who are in the enjoyment of good incomes from still in captivity are so held. those who are not, nor is there any practicable way of distin guishing the few who are unworthy from the many who are ' MINIDOKA RECLAMATION PROJECT IN IDAHO. worthy. Therefore what we do we must do for all, and it would Mr. HEYBURN submitted the following resolution ( S. Res. be a crime against the most laudable instincts of civilized man 233), which was read, considered by unanimous censent, and to refuse help to the needy because there are some who are not agreed to: needy, or to refuse to assist the good because some who are not Resolved, That the Secreta1·y of the Interior be, and is hereby, di rected .t~ report to the. Senate .the number of homestead settlers upon good will share the benefaction. the M1mdoka reclamation proJect in Idaho, statini;; separately those I am not one of those who feel that this Government is pow who have made payment under the pr·ovisions of sections 4 and 5 of the erless to do that which its patriotic citizenship knows that it ac! ~f Congress C?f June 17, 1902, being an act providing for appro priat~ng the receipts from the sale and disposal of public lands in ought to do, even though the expenses of the Government are certam States and Territories to the construction of irrigation works substantially enhanced. I believe in economy, but to me econ for the reclamation of arid lands. and those who have not made pay omy does not mean the abdication of duty in order to reduce ment or are in default in making payments, stating the names ot expenses. It means that every dollar which we appropriate those who are in default, together with the amounts and the reasons shall be appropriated for an honest and proper purpose; that is for such default. to say, in order to carry out the policies which the Government HEARINGS BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC BUILDINGS . AND ought to pursue. It means that every dollar, when appropri GROUNDS. ated, shall. be efficiently expended, and within human limitations Mr. SUTHERLAND submitted the following resolution shall accomplish all that a dollar can accomplish in the affairs ( S. Iles. 234), which was read and referred to the Committee of men. . to Amlit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate: I am not in favor of omitting any appropriation for Govern Resolved, That the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds or any subscommittee theeeof, is hereby authorized during the Sixty-second ment needs in order that we may increase pensions, but I am Congress to send for persons and papers, to administer oaths, to employ in favor of adding to our revenue whatever amount we find it stenographers from time to time to report such bearings as may be had necessary to add, to the end that the Government can perform in connection with any subject that may be pending before said com mittee, an.d to have the testimony and proceedings of such hearings in the most efficient way all the functions which it ought to printed for the use of the committee. 'rhe expense of such hearings assume and discharge. If I . belie-red that to increase pensions shall be paid out of the contingent fund of the Senate, and said com or to add to the expenditures of any other field of governmental mittee and subcommittf.e thet·eof may sit during the sessions of the activity would, as a consequence, requii'e us to still further tax Senate. the consumption of the people, and especially of poor people, I PRESIDENTIAL APPROVAL. would hesitate long before giving my assent to any increase in A message from the President of the United States, by Mr. appropriations. There is a way, however, in which the Govern Latta, executive clerk, announced that the President had, on the ment can add to its revenue and do justice to all its citizens. 15th instant, approved and signed the following act: The time has come when the wealth of the_country must bear S. 4109. An act to restore the name of Oregon Avenue, in the a larger proportion of the taxes of the country than it now District of Columbia, -and for other purposes. bears. Putting aside the revenue from the postal service, the REPORT OF THE PHILIPPINE OOMMISSION. three-quarters of a billion dollars which we annually collect to The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the following sustain the Government is substantially all laid upon the con message from the President of the United States, which was sumption of the people. read, and, with the accompanying paper, referred to the Com Wealth has multiplied enormously. It has not only multiplied mittee on the Philippines and ordered to be printed: almost beyond the power of intelligent comprehension, but the process of concentration is the most alarming feature of modern To the Senate and House of Representatives: times. There is a way to tax this wealth reasonably and fairly, I transmit herewith, for the information of the Congress, the so that the hand of the Government will take from no man a twelfth annual report of the Philippine Commission for the farthing that he needs for his own subsistence. There is a way fiscal year ended June 30, 1911. to tax it so that not only will the poor be untouched, but the WM. II. TAFT. rich from whom the contribution is enforced will be better THE WHITE HOUSE, February 26, 1912. citizens for the contribution which they make. The way is open DAM ACB0SS SAVANNAH RIVER, GA. to us. No constitutional amendment is necessary to authorize Congress to act. These rich and powerful persons and corpo The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the amend rations owe their fortunes and their incomes, vast as they are, ments ot the House of Representatives to the bill (S. 4551) to to the soldiers whose valor and patriotism preserved the Union amend an act entitled "An act to authorize the building of a in its hour of peril. They are the direct beneficiaries of the dam across the Savannah River at or near the mouth of Stevens struggle and hardships, the consequences of which we· now Creek, between the counties of Edgefield, S. O., and Columbia, desire to alleviate. Commerce has been profitable beyond the Ga.," approved August 5, 1909. · dreams of avarice, and it has been profitable largely because the Mr. NELSON. I move that the Senate disagree to the amend . Union was saved, and the Union was saved because these men, ments of the House of Representatives and request a confer whose last days are clouded with suffering, were willing to fight ence with the House on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses for it and to die for it. It is divine justice to now require the thereon, the conferees ·on the part of the Senate to be appointed wealth of the country to recognize its obligation to the men by the Ohair. 1912. -. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE~ 2443 The motion was agreed to, and the Vice President appointed seat, :or ·ought to retain hi:S Beat, in this body -as a Senator from the &ta te of Delaware. . Mr NELSON, Mr. PERKINS, and Mr. MARTIN ·of 'Virginia con ·Said Committee on Privileges and Elections, -or any subcommittee ferees on the _part of the Senate. thereof, is hereby authorized to .sit during the .sessions or the recess af the Senate; to hold its sessions at such place or places as it shall THE WOOL .SCHEDULE. deem most convenient .for the purposes of the investigation aforesaid ; to The VJ:CID PR Mr. CLARKE of Arkansas. Mr. President, would I still be his intention to call up the various omnibus pension bills now within my rights if I asked for a ruling by the Chair before on the calendar? · this matter is (].isposed of, because if the point of order is well Mr. McCUMBER. M:r. President, it had been my hope and taken it cuts off debate? expectation to have disposed of the private pension bills to-day. The VICEJ PRESIDENT. If the Senator from New Hamp The junior Senator from Georgia [Mr. SMITH] indicated to me shire desires to discuss the point of order, the Chair certainly some time ago his desire to speak to the private pension bills, would not refuse to bear him. and asked me to delay action upon them until ·he could be pre Mr. CLARKE of Arkansas. I so understand. pared to express his views upon them generally. I have from Mr. GALLINGER. I did not intend to discuss the point of day to day allowed them to go over with that understanding. order that was raised. I had also from recent talks with the Senator from Georgia The VICE PRESIDENT. The Chair thinks the point of order assumed that he would be able to take the matter up at the raised by the Senator from Arkansas is well taken, and the beginning of this week, but he sends up word to-day that be is resolution goes over. not well, and tfierefore, during his absence and while he ls un Mr. GALLINGER. Well, Mr. President, that being the case, well, I certainly do not wish to press the bills for consideration. I will withhold what I intended to say until the resolution I only desire to say that if the junior Senator from Georgia appears again. shall be able to speak to them in the early part of the week, REPRINT OF JUDICIAL CODE. I shall ask the Senate not only to take up and dispose of the pri-vate pension bills, but I shall ask, as soon as he is able, as Ur. BAILEY. I ask that~ reprint of the judicial code sbaU he has indicated his desire possibly to oppose the general pen be ordered by the Senate. Copies of that publication have been sion bill, that that bill also be taken up for consideration at the exhausted and there are numerous calls for it I would really earliest possible moment. like to ask that a very much larger number might be printed !11:. BA.CON. Mr. President, I simply desire to state, in order than can be printed under the rule, and as the chairman of the that the matier may be definitely presented, that my colleague Joint Committee on Printing is on the floor perhaps he will [Mr. SMITH of Georgia] is confined at home by illness at this help me to ha-ve a larger number printed. · time.- He is not simply indisposed, but is not able to be in the Mr. SMOOT. Mr. President, I will say to the Senator that Senate on account of personal illness. as cbairm:m of the Joint Committee on Printing I ha·rn ordered LA. WREN CE (MASS.) I.ABO& STRIKE. all the copies of the codes printed that it is possible to print under the law. I ask the Senator if he desires the reprint for Mr. POINDEXTER. I offer the resolution which I send to the use of the Senate only or for the House of Representatires the desk. as well? The VICE PRESIDENT. The Secretary will read the reso .llr. BAILEY. My request contemplated copies only for the lution . use of the Senate, assuming that the House, if it so desired, The Secretary read the resoluton (S. Res. 231), as follows: Be it resolved, etc., That the Secretary of Commerce and Labor be, would order it printed; but if the Senator from Utah has al and be is hereby, requested to obtain and report to the Senate, through ready this reprint in progress-- the Bureau of Labor, full information concerning the condition of the Mr. SMOOT. No; but I have already had the Committee on mill workers in Lawrence, Mass., and especially those now engaged in strike-their wages and conditions of living; also what approximate Printing to order as many copies printed as the law will allow pe1·centage of these employees are subjects of foreign countries and of me to do as chairman of the Joint Committee on Printing. I what foreign countries; also what action has been taken by the local will therefore suggest to the Senator that in his request he authorities at Lawrence to forcibly interfere with the free passage of s:iid aliens or others from the city of Lawrence and State of Massachu name the number to be printed for the use of the Senate. setts to other States. Mr. BAILEY. I understood there was a limitation upon the ro~ . Mr. GALLINGER. I object to the present consideration of Mr. SMOOT. There is. the resolution. Let it go over. Mr. BAILEY. And without knowing what the cost would be The VICE PRESIDENT. The resolution will go over under I did not think it was safe to name the number. objection. Mr. SMOOT. That is so. 1\fr. POINDEXTER. l\fr. President, I desire to say, in con Mr. BAILEY. The chairman of the committee suggests that nection with the resolution, that a condition has arisen, grow it would be possible for us to print 3,000. ing out of this strike in the city of Lawrence, which immediately Mr. HEYBURN. I would ask, for information, is that the involves the responsibility of the Federal Government. 'I'he judiciary code? local authorities have absolutely failed in the function, which Mr. BAILEY. It is. they are obliged to perform, of guaranteeing the people who 'are Mr. HEYBURN. I think I can throw a little light on the involved in this strike the privileges and immunities of the matter. The code is being annotated. Senators will observe Constitution of the United States. that they just put bodily in the references of the old Revised A. large number of these people are citizens of foreign coun Statutes, and with the division and subdivision under the reor tries. The fact that those people have been· denied the privilege ganization of those sections the references are utterly without of free travel and free passage from one State to another application. I am now having that reannotated and conformed State ra:ses a situation which may at any moment become an to the present form of the code, and I think it would be a mis- international question, and with respect to which a foreign fortune to print it as it is. · country can deal only with the United States. Mr. BAILEY. It undoubtedly would be a waste of public Mr. BAILEY. Will the Senator from Washington permit money to reprint it, as the Senator from Idaho is having the me to ask him a question? better arrangement made. Mr. POINDEXTER. Certainly. Mr. BAILEY. I understood the Senator to say that the local Mr. HEYBURN. Tn this connection I will say to the Senator authorities have ·shown themselves incapable of dealing with the that I should like to have some cooperation to devise a method situation. I desire to ask if the executive of that State-I of paying for it. It is being done now at my own expense. belie\e the legislature is not in session-- There is no fund out of which that work can be paid for, inas Mr. LODGE. It is in session. much as the committee bas lapsed by reason of the failure-of Mr. GALLINGER. It is in session. the other House to provide for that end of the joint committee. Mr. BAILEY. I am told by the Senator from Massachusetts There is no fund against which to draw for this work. I simply that it is in session. Then I desire to ask the Senator from entered into an arrangement with a competent person to work Washington if the Legislature of Massachusetts has asked Fed in cooperation with me to do that without any prospect of pay, but there should be some prospect of it. eral assistance in dealing with the situation? Mr. POTh'DEXTER. I do not understand that the legislature Mr. BAILEY. The Senator from Idaho will find no diffi has asked for Federal assistance, and this resolution does not culty when he brings that work into the Senate to have it intend or provide' that' the Federal Government shall supplant printed. If be will bring with it a resolution to pay ·for the the authorities of Massachusetts. It calls for information as fair value of the services performed, the Senate will make no to the percentage of aliens, whether or not these people are objection -to it, because it is a work that ought to be done. I withdraw the request. - aliens, and as to what has been_ done, what action has been taken by the local authorities representing the government of The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from Texas withdraws Massachusetts in prohibiting them from passing from one State his request. to another-from the State of Massachusetts into another State. PROPOSED PENSION LEGISLATION. Mr. BAILEY. I was attracted more by the Senator's argu Mr. CURTIS. Mr. President, if permissible, I desir~ to ask ment upon which he seeks to support the resolution than by the chairman of the Committee on Pensions when· it is his in the language of the resolution itself. I thought it rather a tention -to call up the general pension ~ill, a~d also when it i~ no-vel doctrine to be advanced that, without any request ~rom XLVIII--154 2446 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 26, the legislature, if it is in session, or if it is not in session, with The Senator from Washington is altogether too impetuous in out any request from the governor, the Federal Government this matter. He wants to take care of the citizens of foreign shall take notic~ of the fact that the local authorities are un governments without being asked to do so, and he wants to able to deal with a violent situation in Massachusetts, for at impeach the integrity of a sovereign State, and he is doing it last it could be nothing more, according to the Senator's state upon inadequate information. I think if the Senator will pos ment, than a scene of domestic violence; and if the State of sess his soul in patience a few days longer the authorities of Massachusetts chooses to suffer under that condition without .Massachusetts will vindicate what they have done. I have no an appeal through her constituted authorities to the General doubt of it. Goyernment, I think we have no jurisdiction 01er it Mr. POINDEXTER. I am not impatient, and I am perfectly Mr. GALLINGER. Mr. President-- willing to .assume the responsibility for my action upon the in The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Washing formation which I already have. I have some particular in ton yield to the Senator from New Hampshire? formation which I think is sufficient to substantiate the state l\It. POINDEXTER. I yield to the Senator from New Hamp ments I have made as to the conditions existing th.ere, and I shire. can not agree with the Senator from New Hampshire that only Mr. GALLINGER. I rose a moment ago to say that Massa foreign Governments are interested in this fight, or that only chusetts seems to be taking care of this matter in a perfectly the people residing in the city of Lawrence are interested in this competent way. The go1ernor has intervened; the legislature question. The Constitution of the United States can not be is now in ses ion; and it occurs to me that if Congress is to take held to apply to some people in our land and not to others. It cognizance of every strike that occurs in this country, and if an has to work as to all alike or it will not work at all. appeal is to be made to the Govemment of the United States Mr. GALLINGER I did not say that only citizens of foreign to tnke a hand in such controversies, we are getting on rather Governments are involved in this matter. dangerous ground. Mr. POINDEXTER. I understood the Senator to say tha,t Of course, the resolution goes over, and I presume it will be I was undertaking to interfere on behalf of foreign countries. debated to-morrow; and when it is debated some of us will I am not undertaking to interfere on behalf of foreign coun have a word to say on the subject. · tries. I am not undertaking to interfere on behalf of the citi Mr. POINDEXTER. I desire to ask unanimous consent-- zens of Lawrence or the State of .Massachusetts. I consider 1\fr. ROOT. May I ask the Senator from Washington a that every citizen of the United States who has a.ny regard for American institutions and for the American Constitution, which question? we hear so much about these days, is deeply interested in this 'l'he VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Washington question. It is simply a matter of substituting the irresponsible ~ield to the Senator from New York? rule of a temporary local autocrat for the law. That is the Mr. POINDJDXTER. I yield to the Senator from New York. situation which exists there to-day, and as to which this r O· Mr. ROOT. The question I desire to ask is whether any for lution calls for· information. · eign government has made any complaint to the Government of Mr. GALLINGER. I will say to the Senator that some of the United States of the denial of treaty rights to any of the the people who have been making a good deal of trouble in the people who are concerned in Lawrence? city of Lawrence, and for whose constitutional rights the Sen Mr. POINDEXTER. Not that I know ot ator from Washington is appealing, are in jail at the present Mr. ROOT. If so, what government and under what treaties? time, and properly so. Mr. POINDEXTER. I am not aware of any application Mr. POINDEXTER. A great many of them are in jail, and made by a foreign government for action by the United States. they are in jail without hs.ving committed ~my offense against This is the situation which exists in Lawrence: The authori the laws of the United States. They are in jail without being ties are absolutely ignoring the privileges to which the resi charged with any offense against the laws of the United States. dents of Lawrence are entitled as residents of the United States; Mr. BAILEY. Have they committed any offense against the some of them are citizens of the United States. They have .Jaws of the State? been prevented from leaving the city of Lawrence with the ~Mr . POINDEXTER. They have committed no offense against intention of going outside of the State of Massachusetts and the laws of the city or of the State. into another State. There is no pretense on the part of the local Mr. BAILEY. Then a writ of habeas corpus will release them authorities that these people were violating any law. There from imprisonment. is no charge against them of having committed any crime. But .Mr. POINDEXTER. It has not. large numbers of them, by military force, apparently without .Mr. BAILEY. Has it been sued out? any authority except that of the commander of tlie militia Mr. POINDEXTER. I do not think these people are capable and the chief of police of the city, have been seized and vio of suing out a writ of habeas corpus. I doubt if they have the lently handled, put into patrol wagons, incarcerated in jails, ability to employ a lawyer. because they were attempting to get on a train and leave fu.e Mr. GALLINGER. Do you refer to Mr. Ettor? State of Masi::achusetts. Mr. POINDEXTER. I was not referring to Ur. Ettor. Of course the jurisdiction of the United States is involved. l\Ir. BAILEY. I would not be wiiling to impeach the n.uthori That jurisdiction is usually exerclsed through the courts. It ties of Massachusetts and its people like that. may be inquired into by the Department of Justice~ Various Mr. POINDEXTER. I would. I am wllling to impeach the situations may arise which may call for congressional action. authorities in that part of the State. I suppose ultimately I do not know that any foreign government has ta.ken cogni these people will find a means to assert their rights. At present zance of this situation up to the present time. I do not know they are in jail, as the Senator from New Hampshire says, and that the authorities of the State of Massachusetts have con they are in jail because they undertook to end a portion of sidered the question of appealing to the United States Gov their families from l\lassachusetts to Pennsylvania. That is ernment. But when an unprecedented situation arises-not, as the offense for which they are in jail, and the only offense. the Senator from New Hampshire says, like any of the frequent Mr. GALLINGER. I did not say those people are in jail. strikes which have taken place, but under conditions which They are not the ones I had reference to. never existed before in the case of any strike in the United Mr. POINDEXTER. The Senator referred to Mr. Ettor. I . States-when the hand of the military authorities, without am not referring to Mr. Ettor. even going through the form of declaring martial law, is put l\Ir. BAILEY. The Senator's statement is rather interesting, in the place of the guaranties of the Constitution, so far as per if he is well informed. I must confess that I am utterly un sonal rights are concerned, it seems to me perfectly pertinent able to believe that there is a statute in the State of Massa and appropriate for the Senate of the United States to call for chusetts which allows the imprisonment of a man because he particular information on that subject from one of the bureaus chooses to send a part of his family to some other State ; and of the executive department which is equipped with the ma if that is the offense for which these people are imprisoned, chinery to get that information. then, there being no law of that kind on .the books, as I am l\Ir. GALLINGER. Mr. President-- compelled to believe, in the absence of special knowledge to the The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Washington contrary, obviously this imprisonment is unlawful; and if any yield to the Sena.tor from New Hampshire? man in Massachusetts, without taking the time to come down Mr. POINDEXTER. I do. to Washington and lay the matter before a Senator from Mr. GALLINGER. I have an impression that if the Senator another State, would go to the governor of that Commonwealth, from Washington had taken a little more time and deliberation who, I understand, is a great friend of the people, especially to inquire into the facts in this case he would not treat this of the oppressed and the downtrodden I am sure he would question as broadly as he does. I do not believe th.at the au employ counsel. He would Oi'der the attorney general for the thorities of .Massachusetts have done violence to the Constitu State, if necessary: to institute habeas corpus proceedings to tion of the United States or have deprived anybody of his con~ release these people from such an unlawful and outrageous stitutional or legal rights; but that wiil appear in due time. imprisonment. 1912. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 2447 I am curious to hear what the Senator from Massachusetts Mr. BAILEY. All this happened under the Republican pro [Mr. LoDGE] is going to say about the manner in which they tective tariff. execute the Inws in bis State. The VICE PRESIDENT. The hour of 4 o'clock having ar Mr. LODGE. The exact facts ha·rn not been stated. rived, the Chair lays before the Senate the unfinished business, The VICE-PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Washington which will be stated. yield to the Senator from Massachusetts? 'l'he SECRETARY. A bill (S. 3812) to regulate public utilities l\!r. POINDEXTER I yield. in the District of Columbia and to confer upon the Commis Mr. LODGE. I do not desire to interrupt the Senator. I am sioners of the ·District of Columbia the duties and powers of perfectly willing to wait until he shall ha·re concluded. . a public-utilities commission. Mr. POINDEXTER I am perfectly willing, if the Senator Mr. GALLINGER. I ask unanimous consent that the un desires to interrupt me, to have him proceed. I am not quite finished business be temporarily laid aside. through, howe\er. The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from New Hampshire Mr. LODGE. I will wait until the Senator is through, and asks unanimous consent that the unfinished business be tem then I will ElIY what I have to say. porarily laid aside. Is there objection? The Chair hears none. :Mr. POI1'TDEXTER. Mr. President, I desire to say in con ·Mr. LODGE. Mr. President, the situation in the city of Law clusion, howe\er unwilling the Senator from Texas is to believe rence is one of very great seriousness, and it is a yery se\ere that people can be imprisoned because they are attempting to misfortune both to the State and to the community in which send a portion of their families out of the State, nevertheless the strike has occurred . • that is the condition ex,isting in Lawrence at this time. Of The point to which the Senator from Washington refers is course, there is no statute prohibiting their going. Conse in relation to the removal of children. Early in the strike a quently the imprisonment is invalid and unlawful. It is simply large number of children were sent from Lawrence to the city a forcible imprisonment. It is the substitution of military of New York, where they were made the subjects of a great force for the civil law. Socialis demonstration, and it was supposed that they were sent This resolution simply calls for information upon the subject. there for that purpose. They ha Ye now begun to send children A number of women, with their children, went to the train for again to other points in the country. The local authorities, for the purpose of putting those children in the care of certain reasons unknown to me, haye taken what seems to me the ex friends, to send them into another State. They were confronted h·aordinary step of interfering with the dispatch of these chil by a cordon of police. The police were backed up by a cordon dren from the city. There was an attempt, as I am informed, of militia. They were seized, screaming and resisting, and by to send the children to Philadelphia or elsewhere. Why the force carried by the military authorities from the depot to the authorities have stopped it I do not know. As I said, it seems jail and incarcerated there. to me an extraordinary step. It is done, I think, under the stat Then, after having taken their children from them, the par ute in regard to abandoned children, which makes provision for ents were charged with neglecting their children. The children the public care of children abandoned by their parents. ·If were incarcerated in a house of detention for the destitute and arrests ha \e been made they have been made, I suppose, under poor, after they had been seized, taken from parents who were the statute which provides for dealing with parents who neglect attempting to provide and were providing means for their care their children. and support. The State government is in full operation. The governor, the The resolution calls for no action on the part of the Federal legislature, and the attorney general are, I believe, entirely com Government. It calls for information. petent to deal with fte situation in Lawrence. l\lr. BAILEY. One more question, and then I will not in It is a very grievous situation, as I have said, but I do not terrupt the Senator further. I understood the Senator from know why this particular step has been taken. I should be Massachusetts to say that the legislature of that State is now glad to learn what the reasons of the local authorities were for in session. taking that step, and on that I have no information. But it Mr. LODGE. It is. seems to me that the State is perfectly able to deal with the . Mr. BAILEY. And I assume, therefore, that the executive situation. There is no reason that I know of to suppose that of that State is in his office. the State is not able to deal with it. If wrong is being done in l\lr. LODGE. He is. the treatment of these people, the governor and the State au Mr. BAILEY. I repeat, it is impossible for me to believe thorities can stop it in a moment. The wrong, if it has · been that a condition such as the Senator describes could exist in done, has been done simply by the local police. that ancient and honorable Commonwealth without there being I think, Mr. President, in justice to the State, the State might a man in the legislature to raise his voice against it-I under be allowed to deal with this situation until it is apparent that stand the majority there are Republicans-- it requires the interference of the United- States Government. Mr LODGE. Yes. Reference has been made to the guaranty of a republican form l\Ir. BAILEY. And without the Democratic governor of that of government, but Mr. President, there is no suggestion what Commonwealth making a protest. But even if the Senator ever of anything of that sort. There is no disorder with which from Washington is right in what he-says, which discloses a the State has not been able to cope. Order has been maintained deplorable condition, it is still a Massachusetts condition with there by the usual authorities. The question is solely the one which we have nothing to do. But I hardly think such a condi I have pointed out-that of the dispatch of these children to tion could exist in any American Commonwealth. other cities and to other States. As I said, I can not explain Mr. POINDEXTER. I wish to read \ery briefly from the why that step has been taken by the local authorities, but noth report of the Bureau of Labor, which was referred to a moment ing should be done until all facts are known, and I see nothing ago by the Senator from North Carolina [Mr. OVERMAN], relat that warrants action by the United States. ing to conditions of people not in Lawrence, but in other mill l\Ir. GALLINGER. The parents remaining behind. towns similarly situated. The mills in Lawrence are woolen Mr. LODGE. The parents of the children remaining be mills. But the conditions under which labor is employed are hind, of course. similar: - Mr. President, I have no objection in the world to having The history of the cotton industry in Fall River is the same as that the Commissioner of Labor, if it is desired, make a report upon in other New England towns. In the beginning the employees were all labor conditions. I bave no desire to conceal anything there Americans. These were replaced by the English and Irish immigrants. The English and Irish have been in a large measure replaced by the or have anything concealed. If there is wrong I want to have French Canadians, and now tbe French Canadians are being replaced by it brought out and brought to the light, and I have no objection the Italians, Poles, and Portuguese. In each case the story bas been to the Commissioner of Labor doing it, but he has no right to the same. '.rhe newcomers, fillin~ at first the positions dem·anding un skilled labor, gradually work their way into the more skilled positions interfere or to investigate the State authorities. I think that until they domjnate the whole indush·y. on every ground we should refrain from calling on the United Each succeeding race has come in with a standard of living lower States to interfere in a State where the legislature is in session than the prevailing one. This is graphically represented in Fall River. 'l'he workers of the different races live in different sections and quarters and the governor is active, and when no representation on th& of the city. The standard of living that prevails among them can be matter has been made to the executive authorities or to the told by even a cursory visit to the different sections. The Americans Senators or the Representatives from the State. are so few as to be practically eliminated. The English and Irish no longer constitute distinct communities. The French Canadians are in Mr. OVERMAN. May I usk a question? Is there any pre communities and still dominate the occupations demanding skill, al tense that the State of Massachusetts or the local authorities though many Italians, Poles, and Portuguese are now found among the can not maintain order, or · at any rate do they confess that weavers. As the various newcomers rise in the industrial scale, their standard they can not? of living will no doubt gradually rise also. The test of their present Mr. LODGE. Not the slightest. The whole question is the condition is not whetbet· tbeir income permits them to live as well as removal or the dispatch of these children by their parents to they now desire, but whether it appears to olier any possibility of their gmdual attainment of the standard set by the older races in the other citie~ outside tlle Commonwealth, and in one case to a industry. town in Massachusetts. 2448 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 26, Mr. OVERMAN. What is the ground upon whi~h it is urged 1,>rey to the unprincipled tactics of such men as Haywood, Tantman, and others of like character, who, finding it impossible to carry out that the Federal Government should interpose itself in this their evil designs and wrought up to the pitch of desperation as they affair? realize the impending collapse of their efforts "to prevent an amicable Mr. LODGE. I do not understand precisely what the ~round setlement of the dispute in Lawrence, do not hesitate to use little children even to extent of tearing them away from their parents. is on which the Federal Government is asked to interpose. It any unnecessary violence was used by the officers of the law in Mr. POINDEXTER obtained the fioor. preventing these children from being taken away a searching investi· l\Ir. CRAWFORD. Mr. :!?resident-- gation should be made and the offenders punished. If any constitu tional law has been violated our courts must decide that question, and The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Washing decide quickly; but in the final analysis the real ones who deserve to ton yield to the Senator from South Dakota? be punished are those who made such an occurrence as the one in the Mr. POINDEXTER. Certainly. city of Lawrence last Saturday possible and who, when the clash came, sneaked into the train or around a street corner, leaving the mothers Mr. CRAWFORD. The course of this discussion leads me to and their little ones to their own fate. believe that I have misunderstood the resolution or else other JOHN GOLDE.'(, Senators have done so. I wish to be corrected if I am in error. General President Uni ted T ext i le Wor kers of America. As I understand the resolution, it does not contemplate in any I read that, Mr. President, simply to show that the1-e is an degree any interference whatever with the situation in the other side of this question and that the Senate knowing as State of Massachusetts either with the functions that we would little as it does ought not to undertake to pass upon it. expect the legislature or the governor to exercise, but it simply :Mr. POINDEXTER. Mr. President, the resolution introduced provides for an inquiry into the conditions there and a :eport of does not ask the Senate to pass upon it, but for the 1ery reason those conditions to the Senate. If that be true, I fail to see of knowing as little about it as it does it seeks menns of obtain where there is anything improper in the resolution. The situa ing information. It makes no difference, Mr. President, whether tion is certainly an extraordinary one. The conditions of labor the assumption-- in a great manufacturing industry are of interest to the Senate, Mr. BAILEY. Will the Senator-- and information of that kind will be of value to thg Senate Mr. POINDEXTER. In just a moment. Whether the auto whether it contemplates any interference in the situation in cratic authority to seize people and carry them away by vio Massachusetts or not. So much was said about the imminent lence when they are not violating any law is concurred in by danger of interfering with the strong arm of the Government Mr. Golden, who has written the telegram which the Senator there that I thought possibly I was mistaken as to the purpo.se has just read, or whether it is the sole act of the local authori of the resolution. ties of Massachusetts, in either case it is a violation of every l\Ir. POINDEXTER. The Senator from South Dakota has principle of our laws and insfitutions and the rights of the very accurately stated the purpose of the resolution. Both the citizens of this country. Senator from Massachusetts and myself may be mistaken as The fact that Mr. Golden casts some aspersion upon some un to the exact particulars of the situation, but I think we are known persons-I do not know and I do not care who they a!?reed as to the general features of it, and that situation is are-because he says they went around and got on board h·ains n~ t that the governor of Massachusetts or the legislature of and went a way and left these women and children to face the Massachusetts have failed to take notice of the situation exist situation by themselves indicates the character of that tele ing in Lawrence, but that through the governor they are ~ar gram. What does he mean by that? That the people he refers ticipatinO" in that situation. It is not simply the local police. to ought to have stayed there with the women and children The militla of the State are there. They have their ball car and faced the militia and police and fought out the situation? tridges and their fixed bayonets. It is true that in a sense by l\1r. LODGE. What he means is that the agitators he refers that means they are preserving order, if Senators consider to by name-Haywood, Tantam, and others-got all these chil that that is the kind of order that our Government was formed dren together with a view of deporting them somewhere. Then to maintain. There is no disorder in a number of families go when they found they were not going to be allowed to do it ing to a railroad train, a common carrier, for the purpose of they sneaked off and left the mothers and children. · getting on board a train to travel to another State. But I say Mr. POINDEXTER. That was a horrible situation to leave that when they a.re con.fronted by a cordon of police, backed up them in under the circumstances, but I scarcely see how these by militia whose colonel has set himsei;t UJ? apparent!! as !Jle people could have combatted with the police. I do not know autocrat of the situation, the presumption is that he is acting what would have come from an attempt on their part to fight unde1· the authority of the governor of the State. In resh·ain with the police and militia. That indicates the evil of this ing these women and forcibly carrying them away they are cre situation. ating a state of disorder. If there is disorder there, it. is Mr. WILLIAMS. !fr. President-- created by the authorities of the State. Nobody cares anything The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Washing for order that is maintained by force at the point of the bayonet ton yield to the Senator from Mississippi? unless it is under the authority of the law. That is the situa Mr. POINDEXTER. I yield. tion which exists in Lawrence. Mr. WILLIAMS. I understand the Senator to refer, and it Now as to the seriousness of it, allow me to say a word. It seemed to me in a rather contemptuous tone, to the fact that ls very readily understood what the result will be if that policy the State authorities had made themselves autocrats of the can be maintained. situation there. l\fr. LODGE. Mr. President-- Mr. POINDEXTER. I do net mean all the State authorities; The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Washington I mean those who are in charge of the situation. yield to the Senator from Massachusetts? Mr. WILLIAMS. I understood the Senator to say that a Mr. POINDEXTER. I yield. colonel in command of Lhe troops had rendered himself an auto hfr. LODGE. The Senator has just been describing the mat crat ter of the children. I hold in my hand a telegram which has Mr. POINDEXTER. Yes. just come from John Golden, who is general president of the Mr. WILLIAMS. And that this seemingly was with the ap United Textile Workers of America, addressed to Hon. WII..LIAM proval of the governor of the State of l\1::H5sachusetts and the B. WILSON, chairman of the Committee on Labor of the House of Representatives. I did not attempt to go into details about authorities of the State of Massachusetts. I understand that that constitutes the gravamen of his complaint. I want to ask the removal of the children, because I did not know; but I think him if Massachusetts is not constitutionally the autocrat of the his telegram will at least convince the Senate that there is situation, and ought not to remain the autocrat of the situation? more than one aspect to the case. It says : Now, the Senator has just said-- FALL RIVER, lliss., February 25, 191't. Hon. WILLIAM B. WILSON, . Mr. POINDEXTER. The Senator has asked his question. Chairman Committee on Labor, House of Representatw es, Now allow me to answer. Washington, D. 0. Mr. WILLIAMS. Yes. - D EAR Sm AND BP.OTHER : In answer to yoITT telegram asking for .infor Mr. POINDEXTER. I say that the State of Massachusetts, mation relative to the taking away of little children from the city ' 1912. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN ATE. 2449 Mr. WILLIA.MS. I want to ask the- Senator this question: Mr; POINDEXTER. I think it has: a right to request execu~ In what respect have the authorities of the State of Massachu tive action. It is a very common practice on the part of Con setts, through this co\onel receiving the approbation of the Ma& gres& to- pass resolutions and call for various branches of the sachusetts authorities, violated the Constitution of the United executive departments to take this, that, or the other action. States, and why, therefore, can we as a Federal Government C0J2gress may use this information in the consideration. of the interpose in a matter of police regulation in the State of Mas tariff ·bill which comes before this .body. It is maintained that sachusetts? an exorbitant tariff on wool is necessary to insure a high Mr. POI:NDEXTER. We are not interposing in a matter of standard of labor in. the woolen mills. · It may be valuable for police regulation. We are not asking leave to exercise military that purpose. It may be valuable in case some foreign govern authority or military force in the-State of Massachusetts. We ment should take action such as the Senator from New York are asking for information, which may be valuable in various [Mr. ROOT] referred to a few moments- ago, in making :m in actions which the Senate will have to take. quiry about the treatment of its subjects and the denial to them ~k. WILLIAMS. If the Senator will pardon me a moment of the immunities of the law. That is what has happened. I more-- said a military autocrat-I happened to use that word The Mr. POINDEXTER. The Senator asks a great number of military authority assuming complete power, attempting to regu questions, and then proceed.a with other questions without giv late the ·domestic affairs. of. private- families in this community, ing me an opportunity to answer them. issuing military orders-, instructing them when they can not Mr. WILLIAMS. I beg the Senator's pardon. I thought I send their children away, and under what condition they may had given. the opportunity to answer. - send them away~ I assume that the colonel commanding the Mr. POINDEXTER. The Senator asks me in what re militia is a subordinate officer to the governor of the State. I spect-- do not know to what extent the governor supervises the- orders Mr. WILLIAMS. I thought the- Senator had answered that which he makes, but he is acting under the genera.I° authority of by saying he was merely seeking information. the. governor of the State and is setting himself up in place of Mr. HEYBURN. Mr. President, I rise to a question of order. the government prescribed by the law. The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from Idaho will I say it is perfectly proper and. pertinent for the Senate of the state it. United_States to call for that information. Mr. HEYBURN. A demand that the resolution go over for Mr-. STONI!I. I wish to ask the Senator from Washington a one- day having been made, I submit the question of order that question, with his permission. it is not debatable, and that we shall proceed with the regular The VICE.. PRESIDENT. Does the Senator- ftom Washing order of· business. ton yield to the Senator- from Missouri? The VICEI PRESIDENT. The resolution has gone over: Mr: POINDIDXTER. I yield. The resolution is not here; the subject seems to be. Mr. STONE. I understood the Senator to say that these Mr. HEYBURN. I call for the regular order. mills at Lawrence~ Mass.. . began operating with American work Mr-. I.ODGE. Mr. President--. ing men and women. The VICE PRESIDENT. The morning hour has expired Mr. POINDEXTER. I read from a report to that effect. Mr. LODGE. And the unfinished business was- temporarily Mr. STONE.._ And that they proceeded: on a descending scale laid aside. in the employment of labor so far a& wages went and the The VICE PRESIDENT. It was temporarily laid aside. quality of the labor, until now they are operated by a lot of Mr. LODGE. But, l\Ir. £resident, if the Senate chooses to people from southeastern Europe wfio do not speak the Eng discuss this question in corniection with anything before it, of lish language, who do not., as: has been suggested to me, have course; it can do so. a sufficient knowledge of our· institutions and of their rights to The VICE. PRESIDEl."\fT. The Chair knows of no method apply for a writ of habeas · corpus, and that now people are by which a Senator can be taken off his feet, no- matter- on workingthemfor about$7 a week, or about a dollar a day. Does what subject he desires- to address the Senate. the Sena tor know,_ and if so I would be glad to have him tell Mr. HEYBURN. I did not desire that, but r wanted to me, whether the owners and opera.tors· of these mills are now know whether the resolution had gone over. clamoring for the maintenance of the high-tariff rates; pre The VICE' PRESIDENT. The resolution has gone over. . scribed under the Payne-Aldrich Act for the protection of The resolution is not here. American labor? Mr. HEYBURN. And the echo remains. 1\-Ir. POINDEXTER. I can not speak from first-band knowl Mr. LODGE. The echo remains. edge as to the attitude of these particular mill owners, but I Mr. WILLIA.MS. It is not now a question in connection with can hazard a guess that they are. some one inquiry. Inquiry and action a.re 4.lOt far apart. It Mr. CHILTON and' Mr. GALLINGER addressed the Chair. seems to me that under the rule we can not demand informa The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Washington tion ex~ept upon a subject matter concerning which we propose yield, and to whom? · later to act. Therefore I asked the Senator from Washington Mr. POINDEXTER. I yield to the Senator from West Vir· the main question, which was where the Federal Constitution ginia. had been violated, and where the authority of the. Federal Gov Mr. CHILTON. I wanted to ask the Sena.tor a question be ernment could be asked to interpose itself in a matter which, fore he sat down. In looking over the act of 1888, creating the as I understand it, is a question of police regulation and the Bureau. of Labor, I find among the power& of the Oommissioner conservation of peace in the- State of Massachusetts. of Labor the. following: · Mr. POINDEXTER. The privileges of the Constitution have The Commissioner of Labor is- also specially charged to investigate the causes of, and facts relating to, all controversies and disputes be been suspended by the military authorities preventing families tween employers and employees as they may occur and which may tend or parts of families from going from one State to another. The to interfere with the welfare of the people of the different States, and Senator can readily understand, if this policy is to be sustained re1>0rt thereon to Congress. and continued. the people who engage in this strike or this con Is the Senator's resolution any broader than that' language of tro-versy, or whatever it may be, can very easily be starved out. the act of Congress, which is still in force and which imposes They are not working. When they were working they were that duty upon the Commissioner of Labor? getting something like $7 .50 a week in these mills, arid a great 1\f:r. POINl'.)EXTER. I do not think it is any broader. That many families were supported._ on. wages of $8 or $8.50 a week. is the ground upon which I framed this resolution, directing it Now they are not working. If the mill owners can prevent to a particular bureau that is authorized by law to do this par· them from leaving the town, and tllcy can not go f!'om one State ticular thing; to another, and they do it by violence, without. any complaint Mr. CHILTON. Now, one more word. if the Senator will being made in any court against it-- pardon me. · Mr. OVERMAN. May I ask the Senator a question? Mr. POThT.DEXTER. . Certainly. Mr. POINDEXTER. Starvation will be the result. I yield Mr. CHILTON. Why should we again ask him to do his duty to the Senator from North Carolina. under an act of Congress? Mr. OVERMAl~. Suppose the resolution is passed and we get Mr. POINDEXTER. We may ask him fo1~ information ma the testimony the Senator desires, what is the Senate or Con this particular case, because it is a situation which has arisen. gress going to do about it? What can we do? It is a new situation, and we simply ask him, by resolution, to 1\1!7· POINDEXTER. Congress may instruct the Attorney investigate a particular situation, which investigation is within General of the United States to begin proceedings in the courts his general authority. of the United States. Mr. CHILTON. But the act says that be shall make this Mr. OVERMAN. The Senator thinks that Congress has the investigation and make the report upon each instance as it may, right to instruct the Attorney- General? · occur. 2450 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. . FEBRUARY 26, l\Ir. LODGE. Mr. President, may I ask the Senator from Senator wants the information he certainly will not object West Virginia a question? Will he read the portion of the to the resolution. statute which authorizes him to investigate the operations of Mr. GALLINGER. I do not need it, because I know it is not State authorities? correct l\Ir. CHILTON. I hope there is no such statute in existence. Mr. POINDEXTER. I think that I know that it is cofrect; l\Ir. LODGE. That is the point which is to be investigated. but I do not care to bandy words with the Senator from New It is whether the authorities of Massachusetts have been doing Hampshire in regard to that matter. I have very accurate their duty and whether the police regulations are proper. That and, I consider, very reliable information as to the average is the question. It is not a resolution to investigate the merits wage of the millworkers. It is true there is a class of skilled of the controversy between the employers of labor and the mechanics-machinists-who get a higher wage; but, leaving employees; it is to in-rcstigate the action of the loc:;i.l authorities. those out of consideration and taking the millworkers alone, I did not catch anything in the statute relating to that. $7.50- . Mr. CHILTON. It is not there, of course. Mr. GALLINGER. Women and those under age included. · Mr. POINDEXTER. Mr. President, there is authority in l\Ir. POINDEXTER. Certainly. Seven dollars and fifty cents the statute which was read by the Senator from West Virginia a week is approximately the average wage. which would authorize the Commissioner of Labor to investi l\fr. GALLINGER. That is below the average wage, and that gate the action of the local authorities. The statute directs includes women, who constitute a very considerable part of the him to investigate the conditions of labor, and where tltose operatives in the mills in New England, and some children. conditions are affected in any way by the action of the local Mr. POIJ\TJ)EXTER. Comparatively speaking, there are few · authorities it is his business to invest_igate to some extent the skilled machinists included among these mill workers. l\Iost of local authorities. He certainly does investigate- them are outside of that class entirely. Mr. GALLINGER. Mr. President-- Mr. President, anything which affects a large number of · The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Washington people in Massachusetts-I do not care whether they are Poles, yield to the Senator from New Hampshire? Slavs, Canadians, French, or Portuguese; and I understand Mr. POINDEXTER. In just a moment. there are 31 different languages spoken by the mill workers in The Commissioner of Labor constantly investigates the action the town of Lawrence-it makes no difference to what nation of local authorities and indudes that in his report. His report ality they belong, anything that degrades those people, any refers to local regulations and to the action of local authorities thing that grinds them down to a condition of absolute penury, as affecting the conditions of labor and the relations of laborers aiiy situation which allows the authorities, when they are in to their employers. This statu.te was passed in 1888, and, of that condition, to prevent them from leaving the town and lea v course, those who framed it could not have foreseen at that ing the State for the purpose of bettering themselves, degrades time the condition arising in- Lawrence, l\Iass. As the Senator the a-rnrage citizenship of the United States. It is a circum from South Dakota [Mr. 0&.A WFOBD] has suggested, the Com stance in which everyone is interested. missioner of Labor may already have this information. The l\fr. GALLINGER. Has the Senator any evidence that there resolution simply calls upon him to report it to the Senate, if has been any restraint put upon men who want to leave that he has it, and then it will not be necessary for him to make any State to better their condition? further investigation. Mr. POINDEXTER. There is most conclusive evidence that l\lr. GALLINGER. l\fr. President-- there has been restraint used upon men and restraint used upon The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Washing grown women, the mothers of families, to prevent them from ton yield to the Senator from New Hampshire? taking their own children out of the State. l\Ir. POINDEXTER. I yield to the Senator from New Hamp- Mr. GALLINGER. No; to prevE:nt them sending their own shire. · children out of the State, abandoning them, making them ob- Mr. GALLINGER. There is one thing that the passage of the jects of charity-- . resolution would bring about, and that would be an additional 1\Ir. POINDEXTER. My information is not that they aban appropriation of public moneys to this bureau. There is no doned them. doubt about that. l\lr. GALLINGER. And clearing the decks in Lawrence for Mr. President, it is an easy matter for Senators to say that what may follow; and, in view of what has happened, the Sen in the industrial centers of New England men are working for ator can imagine what may follow. seven or eight dollars a. week, intimating that that is the usual Mr. POINDEXTER. Well, there is a difference of opinion wage. about what has happened; but I want to say that the assertion l\fr. POINDEXTER. I think that i.s close to the average of fore~ in the place of law against these mill workers is the wage. I know it is-leaving out the mechanics. greatest incentiw in the world to encourage the adoption of l\!r. LODGE. Oh, no. forcible measures on their part against the mill owners. Mr. GALLINGER. The Senator does not know what he Mr. GALLINGER. But did not 'these men leave their work assert& . and then refuse to allow others to take their places? .A.gain, .Mr. President, it is easy for the Senator from Mis Mr. POINDEXTER. I will not inquire- souri [Mr. STONE] to indulge in a fling at the advocates of 1\Ir. GALLINGER. Haye not tlfe leaders, who came from protection. We are accustomed to that; but if the Senator from other States, instigated and advised violence and committed Washington will take the trouble to inquire as to the amount of murder? money that is in the savings banks of New Hampshire to the l\Ir. POINDEXTER. I am informed not. credit of the operatives in the woolen, cotton, and other_mills l\1r. GALLINGER. Oh, well-- of that State it will be illuminating to him: Mr. POil\TDEXTER But if they did, it is no excuse or jus Mr. BAILEY. We are not talking about New Hampshire tification for the assertion of violence, or of force, or unlawful now, but about l\Iassachusetts. arrest on the part of the authorities. I do not think any such Mr. GALLINGER. If I said "New Hampshire," I meant violence has. occurred on the part of the mill workers. If it Massachusetts; but it applies to New Hampshire as well as to ' did, it ought to be put dow.p. The same law ought to be ex Massachusetts. erted against them as ought to be· exerted in their favor. Mr. POINDEXTER. I should like -rery much to have the in l\Ir. LODGE. l\Ir. President-- formation, and consequently have introduced the resolution The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Washing calling fol' it. I think it would be very illuminating. ton yield to the Senator from Massachusetts? .Mr. GALLINGER. I do not think the resolution calls for l\Ir. POINDEXTER. I yield to the Senator from l\Iassachu- the information which I suggest at all. · Rtt& • Mr. POINDEXTER. It certainly does call for it. l\Ir. LODGE. I should like to ask the Senator from Wash Mr. GALLINGER. I said that if the Senator would inquire ington a question. It is stated in the telegram which has been and ascertain the amount of money to the credit of those people read, and I know it as a fact of general repute, that the violence in the savings banks of New England it would be a matter which occurred on certain occasions during the trouble in r~aw that would interest him very much and it would give him in~ rence was largely due to an organization known as the Indus formation that I think would be rnluable. trial Workers of the World. I should like to ask the Sanator Mr. POINDEXTER. It would be extremely . interesting to from Washington whether that organization has ever appeared me if it could be shown that people working for an average of in his State? ' $7 or $7.50 a week had savings-bank accounts. • l\1r. POI!\l)EXTER. I think so. . Mr. GALLINGER. It would be still more interesting to me l\Ir. LODGE. And whether anything has ever been done to have the Senator establish as a fact what is a mere asser about it by city authorities in the State -0f Washington? I aru tion on his part. told that in Aberdeen, -wash., tha Industrial Workers of the Mr. POINDEXTER. I am perfectly willing to rely on re World were depri-red by the city authorities of entry within ports based on the resolution which I ha;e introduced. If the the city limits. Is that true? 1912. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--:SEN ATE~ 2451 Mr. POINDEXTER. I do not know that th~ city authorities Mr. GALLINGER. Mr. President-- ever deprived them of entry within the city limits. If th~y did, Mr. BAlLEY. Mr. President, as I listened to the two Sen- I would not consider it as reprehensible as preventing them ators each expressing his opinion with respect to what oc from leaVing the city limits after they got in. curred in the State of the other, I was imp1·essed with the view Mr. LODGE. Is it true that in the city of Spokane the In- that one knows just .about as much of wha.t happened to In dustl'ial Workers of the World were prevented from making dush·ial Workers of the World in Washington as the other speeches and were arrested under the order of the city author- knows about what happened through the Industrial Workers of ities? · the World in Massachusetts; -all Qf which persuad-es me that ~fr. POINDEXTER. I can not answer in detail the catechism the Constitutlon was wise in leaving to each State the matters of the Senator · from Massachusetts, but I will say in general which affect it and its people. answer to him- Mr. GA.Lh..TNGER. Mr. President, in offering the amend- .Mr. LODGE. Well, I was told by citizens of Washington that ment-- those instances both occurred. I have not gone into the State The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Washing- of the Senator from Washington and, without reference to him, ton yield to the Se."'13.tor f-rom New Hampshire? undertaken to deal with matters there as he has kindly done in Mr. POINDEXTER. I yield to the Senator from New Hamp- the· case of my State; but I wanted to·call attenf:ion to the fact shire. · that the Industrial Workers of the World have been treated Mr. GALLINGER. Mr. Presidffit, in offering the a.men-d- with some severity in the State of Washington. ment I, of course, do not eomruit myself to the resolution. l\1r. POINDEXTER. I understand-- Whether it is amended or not, I shall vote against it. but in Mr. TILLMAN. Is it an anarchistic organization? response to the Senator from Texas [.M.r. BAILEY] I will say Mr. LODGE. No. that we do know something of what has happened in !fas$3.- Mt. POINDEXTER. I know that there was difficulty be- chusetts, bec-aus.e we know that some men -haT"e been arrested tween the city of Spokane, my home city, a.nd the Industrial in their mad career there who bad-- Workers of the World. The only force, so "far as I know, that Mr. BAI.LEY. I did not say that the Senator from New we used on that occasion was in stopping their meetings. Ha.mpshire did not know what ba.d happened in Massachusetts; There was considerable opposition to that acti<>n of the police I credited him with knowing that; but I expressed a doubt re by the people of the city. There never was, in the city of garding the information <>f the Senator from Wa~<>tou about Spokane, in connection with that organization, any such action; Massachusetts and an equal doubt about the information of and, so fur as I know, there has never been in the United the Senator from New Hampshire regarding the State of Wash States, in connecti-0n with that or any other organization, .any i.ngton. such unprecedented, extraordinary proeedure as has taken Mr. GALLrNGER. I have a little information that I will place in the city of Lawrence. communicate in private to the- Senatol" from Texas, if he d~ I am not undertaking to interfere in any way with what is sires. [Laughter.} exclusively a matter of importance to Massaclmsetts. This is Mr. BAILEY. Well, Mr. President, if it is worse than we a matter of Federal importance; it is a matter of national im- have, already heard, I eommend the Senator for wanting to portance; it is a matter in which everyone in this country is communiea.te it in private. [Laughter.] But, so far as I run interested; an Mr. BAILEY. Ur. President-- Workers of the World and their activities in the State of Wash Mr. POIJ\TDEXTER. Mr. President, I do not care to stop ington and in the State of Idaho. If Haywood or the Industrial the Senator's speech, but, -if the Senator will allow me, I shall Workers of the World entertain principles not in harmony with conclude in a moment. the Constitution and not in harmony with the equal operation l\Ir. BAILEY. I thought the Senator had yielded the floor. of the law there is no Member of this body who would go fur l\Ir. POINDJDXTER. No; I had not. ther than I would go to see that they are subjected to the law. The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from Washington had It is because I believe in that, because it is necessary that the the floor and yielded to the Senator from Texas. law should operate equally, because I am opposed to force and l\Ir. BAILEY. I would not abuse the Senator's courtesy by violence, whether advocated by Haywood, or the Industrial making a Democratic speech even in an insurgent Republican's Workers of the World, or the mill owners of Massachusetts, or time. That would not be exactly courteous, and I beg the the ..commanders of the militia of Massachusetts, or the chief Sena tor's pardon. When I say "insurgent Republican," I want of police of Lawrence, acting without warrant of law, that I it understood that I do not mean any offense; neither do I offer this resolution. mean any offense when I say "a progressive Democrat." I Mr. STONE, :M:r. WILLIA.MS, and Mr. HEYBURN addressed have in my own mind a well-defined idea of the difference. A the Chair. "progressive Democrat" is a Democrat who does not believe in The VICE .PRESIDENT. To whom does the Senator from the old principles of his party, and an "insurgent Republican" Washington yield? . is a Republican who does not believe in the present leaders of Mr. HEYBURN. I merely desire to ask a question of the his party. Senator. Ur. POINDEXTER. l\fr. President, the "insurgent Repub Mr. POINDEXTER. I yield to the Senator from Missouri licans" have no greater distrust of the present-time leaders of [Mr. STONE], who was first on his feet. the Republican .Party than they have of the present-time lead Mr. STONE. I do not rise except to ask permission, if it is ers of the Democratic Party. This resolution, however, was not in order, to make an announcement. intendied to settle the relative merits of the Democratic and Mr. POINDEXTER. I yield to the Senator. Republican Parties, nor to determine who caused the hard times Mr. STONE. I desire to leave the Chamber. I had in of 1V07. The objection of the Senator from Texas to this reso tended to make some observations to-day on Senate· resolution lution was to be expected. It is perfectly in line, perfectly con 19 relative to affairs in Mexico, but the time has been other sistent with the objections which I have heard him make ou wise occupied. I desire to give notice that to-morrow, im various occasions in the Senate to attempts to secure action by mediately after the routine morning business, if I can have the some agency of the Federal Government I am familiar with consent of the Senate, I shall address the Senate for a few the tendency of the Senator from Texas to hark back to the moments on that resolution. founders of the Constitution and to their times, and to object Mr. HEYBURN. Mr. President, in regard to these announce to every attempt that is made to devise some new agency which ments, I desire to give notice that after to-day, on each day the people need under the new conditions which have grown up after the expiration of the morning hour, I shall ask consid~ra since the Constitution was framed; but at the same time I have tion for a matter of the highest privilege-that is, Order of seen the country progress; I have seen the Senate and the Business No'. 299, in relation to the right of the Senator from other House of Congress create new agencies, not in conflict Wisconsin [1\Ir. STEPHENSON] to a seat in the Senate-and I with the Constitution, but in perfect harmony with it, for the shall ask the Senate to continue the consideration of that · purpose of developing the principles of the Constitution and question until it is disposed of. I give notice of that now. I applying them to these new conditions, notwithstanding the ob repeat, it is a question of the highest privilege, and I shall jections of the Senator from Texas. I have seen the activities press it. of the Federal Government which resulted in the report which l\Ir. WILLI.Al\IS. Mr. President-- was read by the Senator from North Carolina [Mr. OVERMAN], The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Washing~ to which he objects and to which I do not object. I have no ton yield to the Senator from l\Iississippi? objection to publicity as to conditions in my State. The people l\fr. WILLIA.l\IS. Just for a moment. ·of my State have no objection to any light that may be turned .Mr. POINDEXTER. I yield to the Senator. on by the Bureau of Labor, or by any other bureau of the Fed Mr. WILLIAMS. A moment ago I made objection to a re eral Government, affecting manufacturing conditions or any quest made by the Senator from Minnesota [1\fr. CLAPP], which, other conditions within its borders. upon more exact information concerning its character, I wish l\fr. OVERMAN. Neither have I, Mr. President, but I want to withdraw. the conclusions to be just, and I want the truth to be reported The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from l\1ississippi by the agents. withdraws his objection to the request of the Senator from Mr. POINDEXTER. Of course, we all have the privilege of Minnesota for the printing of the speech delivered by ex-Presi objecting to· the conclusions. ·· dent Roosevelt at Columbus. Is there other objection? If not, l\Ir. RAYNER. Mr. President-- the order is entered as requested. The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Washing l\Ir. POINDEXTER. Mr. President, with the reminder-- ton yield to the Senator from Maryland? 1\Ir. BAILEY. Mr. President, will the Senator permit me Mr. POINDEXTER. I yield. merely to suggest that I think the ex-President's letter to the Mr. RAYNER. Without delaying the Senator, I want to give governors ought also to be made a part of that speech. notice that at the earliest opportunity I desire to address the l\fr. CLAPP. Mr. President, I have no objection, as it em Senate upon the ·"Charter of the new Democracy," as ex phasizes the issue which the ex-President made at Columbus. pounded by ex-President Roosevelt at Columbus, Ohio, within Mr. BAILEY. Then, Mr. President, I ask unanimous con the last few days. sent that the letter of the ex-President to the governors be l\fr. POINDEXTER. I am sure that will be very delightful. printed on the front page of that speech. Mr. CLAPP. Mr. President, in that connection I desire- Mr. HEYBURN. That is a violation of the rules. The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Wa .!: hing- The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the request? ton yield to the Senator from Minnesota? l\1r. HEYBURN. Under the existing rules nothing can be l\fr. POINDEXTER. I yield to the Senator. printed on the first page except the regular proceedings of the Mr. CLAPP. I ask to have the address of Hon. Theodore Senate. Roosevelt, made at Columbus February 21, printed as a Senate Mr. BAILEY. I do not mean the front page of the RECORD, document ( S. Doc. No. 348). but the front page of the document. l\Ir. BAILEY. Would it be in order to ask that it be read Mr. HEYBURN. Not on the front page of the RECORD. and printed? Mr. BAILEY. Oh, no. The VICID PRESIDENT. It would be in order. The VICE PRESIDENT. The Chair hears no objection. l\fr. WILLI.Al\IS. What is the request, l\fr. President? Mr. BRISTOW. l\Ir. President-- . l\Ir. RAYNER. What is the proposition? The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from Washington still Tbe VICE PRESIDENT. The request is that the address of has the floor. former President Roosevelt at Columbus, Ohio, be printed as a Mr. POINDJDXTER. I yield the floor. I have concluded. Senate document Mr. BRISTOW. I wanted to object to t~at part of the re Mr. WILLIAi\IS. I object. quest of the Senator from 'rexas [l\Ir. BAILEY] that the letter The VICE PRESIDENT. Objection is made. The Senator referred to be made a part of the speech. I ·am perfectly will from Wa shington has the floor. ing that it should be printed as a public document, but I do not Mr. POINDEXTER l\1r. President, I will conclude in just think it is proper that-- one word. The Senator from New Hampshire [l\Ir. GALLINGER] The VICE PRESIDENT. The Chair does not understand the attempted to cn st ome aspersions upon this resolution by refer request was that it be made a part of the speech, but that it · ence to Haywood and his activities and to the Industrial be printed preceding the speech as part of the document. -·.·-- 19.12. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 2453 Mr. BRISTOW. l\fr. President, I object to its being printed by the temporary chairman, the then Senator Burrows, upon in that way. I am perfectly willing that the letter should be the same subject. printed as an independent document, but do not think it ought The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection? The Chair to be made a part of the speech. hears none. Mr. WILLIAMS. Oh, yes; both together or not at all. The matter referred to is as follows: The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from Kansas objects, "Nothing has added so much to his (Roosevelt's) just fame then, to printing the document in the manner requested by the as his persistent and irrevocable refusal to break the unwritten Senator from Texas. law of the Republic by accepting a nomination for a third term. Mr. BRISTOW. Only in the manner. By this act of self-abnegation he places his name and fame in l\Ir. BAILEY. I will ask, then, instead of printing it first the s~cure keeping of history by the side of that of the im that it be printed as an appendix to the speech. mortal Washington." [Applause.] The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the request? Speech of Julius 0. Burrows, temporary chairman of the The Chair hears none. Republican national convention, 1908. Mr. LODGE. Mr. President, I only want to say a word to "His refusal of a renomination, dictated by the loftiest mo make my own position and that of my colleague clear. We tJ.ves and by a noble loyalty to American traditions, is final and have not the slightest objection to publicity or to the fullest irrevocable. [Applause.] Anyone who attempts to use his name examination of all the facts that can be made, but what I do as a candidate for the Presidency impugns both his sincerity object to is inquiring into the action of the State authorities and his good faith, two of the President's greatest and most without any warrant, so far as I can see. I believe that the conspicuous qualities upon which no shadow has ever been cast. local authorities exceeded their power, and I haye just been [Applause.] That man is no friend of Theodore Roosevelt, an<1. informed by my colleague, from whom word has come, that the does not cherish his name and fame, who now from any motive local police exceeded their authority, and the State authorities seeks to urge him for the great office which he has finally are now taking steps to deal with and to remedy the conditions. declined." I think they are the proper persons to do so. Speech of Senator LoDGE, permanent chairman of the Repub l\fr. BACON. l\fr. President, in order that the RECORD may lican convention of 1908. be complete, I ask unanimous consent that the document which PUGET SOUND BRIDGE, WASHINGTON. we have just authorized to be printed may also contain the Mr. JONES. I am directed by the Committee on Commerce, statement that the former Vice President made-I have forgot to which was referred the bill (H. R. 17242) to authorize the ten the exact date, but I think in 1904-to the effect that he Northern Pacific Railway Co. to construct a bridge across the would never again accept a nomination. canal connecting the waters of Puget Sound with Lake Wash The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from Georgia asks ington at Seattle, in the State of Washington, to report it with- unanimous consent that the statement of the former Vice Presi out amendment. . dent-- There is on the calendar a similar bill reported from the Mr. BACON. The former President. I may have said "Vice Senate committee, and I ask unanimous consent that this bill President," but I meant President, although he was Vice Presi be substituted on the calendar for the Senate bill and that the dent before he became President. Senate proceed to the consideration of the House bill. The VICE PRESIDENT. The Chair understood the Senator The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from Washington asks to mean the statement of the former President. unanimous consent for the present consideration of the House Mr. BACON. The statement made in 1904 and also the one bill, which the Secretary will read for the information of the made in 1907, which are practically to the same effect. Senate. Mr. WILLIAMS. l\fr. President, in that connection, if the Mr. HEYBURN. In the interest of other business waiting, Sena tor from Georgia will permit me, I would suggest that I shall object to taking up matters out of their order. the remarks made by the present Senator from Massachusetts The VICE PRESIDENT. Objection is made. [l\fr. LODGE] and by the former Senator from Michigan [Mr. .!Ur. JONES. Then I ask unanimous consent that the bill on Burrows] at the National Republican ConventiJn of that year, the calendar, being the bill (S. 4846) to authorize the Northern upon the same subject, be included in the same document. Pacific Railway Co. to construct a bridge across the canal con Mr. POINDEXTER. I object. . necting the waters of Puget Sound with Lake Washington at The VICE PRESIDENT. Objection is made to the request Seattle, in the State of Washington, be taken from the calendar of the Senator 'from Ge0rgia. and indefinitely postponed, and that the House bill just re Mr. BACON. Mr. President, I understood the objection was ported by me take its place on the calendar. · made to the amendment offered by the Senator from Mississippi The VICE PRESIDENT. Without objection, the Senate bill and not to my request. will be indefinitely postponed and the House bill just reported The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Washing- by the Senator from Washington will take its place on the ton object to the request of the Senator from Georgia? calendar. · Mr. POINDEXTER. I object to both requests. CALL OF THE SENATE. The VICE PRESIDENT. Objection is made. Mr. BACON. In order that the CoNGRESSION AL RE90RD may Mr. HEYBURN. I suggest the absence of a quorum. be complete, I wish to have inserted as a part of my remarks The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from Idaho suggests the words of the two paragraphs w:hich I asked unanimous con the absence of a quorum. The Secretary will call the roll. sent to have printed as a document. The Secretary called the roll, and the following Senators The VICE PRESIDENT. Without objection, permission is answered to their names : · granted. Bacon Crane Martine, N. J. Shively Balley Crawford Myers Simmons The matter referred to is as follows: Borah Fletcher Nelson Smoot "On .March 4 next I shall have served three and a half years, Bourne Foster Nixon Stephenson Bradley Gallinger O'Gorman Stone and this three and a half years constitute my first term. The Brandegee Gardner Oliver Sutherland wise custom which limits the President to two terms regards Bristow Guggenheim Overman Swanson the substance and not the form, and under no circumstances Brown Heyburn Page Thornton Bryan Jones Paynter •.rownsend will I be a candidate for or accept another nomination.-Theo Burton Kenyon Perkins Warren dore Roosevelt, November 8, 1904." Chamberlain Kern Poindexter ·wetmore Chilton Lodcre Pomerene Williams * * * * * Clapp Martin, Va. Root Works "I have not changed and shall not change that decision thus l\fr. W A.RREN. I desire to announce that my colleague [Mr. announced.-Theodore Roosevelt. December 11, 1907." CLARK] is detained from the Chamber by illness. Mr. WILLIAMS. Following up what the Senator from The VICE PRESIDENT. Fifty-two Senators have answered Georgia said, in order that the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD may be to still more full and perfect, I wish to have inserted the speeches the roll call. A quorum of the Senate is present. to which I referred as the subject of my request. THE CALENDAR. The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the request? Mr. SMOOT. I ask that the Senate proceed to the considera l\Ir. POINDEXTER. What is the request? tion of the calendar under Rule VIII. The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from Mississippi will The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection? The Chair please state more specifically his request. hears none. The first bill on the calendar will be stated. Mr. WILLIAMS. It is that there be printed in the RECORD The bill (S. 2518) to provide for raising the Volunteer forces the remarks made by the Senator from Massachusetts [Mr. of the United States in time of actual or threatened war was LoDGEl at the Republican national convention during thatr-year announced as the first bill in order on the calendar. upon the subject of the good faith of the then President in not Mr. S:UOOT. I ask. that the bill go 01e1~ . seeking 11 renomination and the remarks made at the same time The VICE PRESIDENT. It will go over. ' CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 26, 2454 " CONFEDERATE NAVAL MONUMENT AT VICKSBURG -NATIONAL PARK. POSTMASTERS. The bill (S. 2925) providing for a Confederate naval monu ALA.BA.MA. ment in the Vicksburg National Military Park was announced George C. Brown to be postmaster at Citl,'onelle, Ala., in place as next in order. qf Albert W. Ellyson. Incumbent's commission expires February Mr. HEYBURN. I ask that the bill go over. 27, 1912. . Mr. WILLIAMS. I move that the Senate proceed to the CALIFORNIA. consideration of the bill, notwithstanding the objection. The VICE PRESIDENT. The question is on agreeing to the Lucien 0. Edwards to be postmaster at Fullerton, Cal., in motion of the Senator from .Mississippi that the Senate proceed place of Lucien 0. Edwards. Incumbent's' commission expired to the consideration of the bill, the objection of the Senator December 10, 1911. . from Idaho to the contrary notwithstanding. [Putting the Theodore W. Leydecker to be postmaster at Alameda, Cal., in question.] The noes appear to have it. place of Theodore W. Leydecker.- Incumbent's commission 1\Ir. WILLIAl\lS. I call for the yeas and nays. expired January 13, 1912. The yeas and nays were not ordered. COLO BADO. The VICE PRESIDELNT. The noes have it. Edward H. Albertson to be postmaster at Littleton, Colo., in Mr. WILLIAMS. I now ask to have the bill put at the end place of Jessie L. Cozens. Incumbent's commission expires of the calendar, under Rule IX, the Senate having expressed March 11, 1912. itself upon the subject. I merely wanted to find out whether Joseph M. Cravens to be postmaster at Sugar City, Colo. we are bridging the bloody chasm with lip service or heart Office became presidential January 1, 1912. religion. Frank M. Goodykoontz to be postmaster at Cortez, Colo., in The VICID PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the transfer place of Davis H. Sayler, resigned. · . . of the bill to the calendar, under Rule IX? The Chair hears no objection, and it is so ordered. IDA.HO. EXECUTIVE SESSION. Watson N. Shilling to be postmaster at Rupert, Idaho, in Mr. LODGE. The hour is growing late, and I move that the place of Watson N. Shilling. Incumbent's commission expired Senate proceed to the consideration of executive business. January 9, 1912. The motion was agreed to, and the Senate proceeded to the ILLINOIS. consideration of executive business. After 5 minutes spent in John W. Foutch to be postmaster at New Berlin, Ill. Office executive session the doors were reopened, and (at 5 o'clock and became presidential January 1, 1912. 20 minutes p. m.) the Senate adjourned until to-morrow, Tues Frank Nicker! to be postmaster at Collinsville, Ill., in place day, February 2i, 1912, at 2 o'clock p. m. of Frank Nicker!. Incumbent's commission expired February 17, 1912. John R Snook to be postmaster at Altamont, Ill., in place of NOMINATIONS. John R. Snook. Incumbent's commission expired February 12, Executive nominations received by the Senate February ~6, 1912. 1912. . f'.JOLLECTOR OF CUSTOMS. INDIANA. Fred W. Wight, of Maine, to be collector of customs for the Edward L. Maudlin to be postmaster at New -Carlisle, Ind., in district of Waldoborough, in the State of Maine. (Reappoint· place of Edward L. Maudlin. Incumbent1s commission expired ment.) December 11, 1911. PROMOTIONS IN THE NAVY. KANSAS. The following-named lieutenants (junior grade) to be lieu- Robert T. Jellison to be postma~ter at Belleville; Kans., in tenants in the Navy from the 1st day of July, 1911, to fill place of Robert T. Jellison. Incumbent's commission expired vacancies : · December 18, 191L · Ray s. McDonald, and James H. Large to be postmaster at Belle Plaine, Kans., in Frank J. Fletcher. place of James· H. Large. Incumbent's commission expired Machinist Paul R. Fox to be a chief machinist in the Navy February 4, 1912. from the 27th day of December, 1911, upon the completion of LOUISIANA. six years' service as a machi~st. · John T. Charnley to be postmaster at Alexandria, La., in UNITED STATES MARSHAL. place of John T. Charnley. Incumbent's commission expires Charles A. Overlock, of Arizona, to be United States marshal, March 20, 1912. district of Arizona, under the provisions of section 31 of the MAINE. act of Congress approved June 20, 1910. Melville J: Allen to be postmaster at Cherryfield, Me., m REGISTER OF THE LAND 0FFicE. place of Melville J. Allen. Incumbent's commission expires March 12, 1912. · Cornelius N. Vall Hosen, of Ml.ssourl, to be register of the John Harkness to be postmaster af Rockport, Me., in place of -land office at Springfield, Mo., his term having expired January John Harkness. Incumbent's commission expires Marcll 12, 13, 1912. (Reappointment.) 1912. APPOINTMENTS IN THE ARMY. MASSACHUSETTS. MEDICAL RESERVE CORPS. Willis A. Taft to be postmaster at Oxford, Mass., in place To be first lieutenants with ranlv from February 21, 1912. of Willis A. Taft. Incumbent's commission expires March 30, ·Raymond Cooley Bull, of Idaho. 1912. Gordon Fay Willey, of Michigan. MICHIGAN. PROMOTIONS IN THE .ARMY, Leander D. Chapple to be postmaster at Wayland, Mich., in COAST ARTILLERY CORPS, place of Leander D. Chapple. Incumbent's commission expired Second Lieut. Francis · P. Hardaway, Coast Artillery Corps, February 4, 1912. to be first lieutenant from February 22, 1912, vice First Lieut. Lewis E. Churchill to be postmastel" at Gobleville, Mich., in Robert P. Glassburn, detached from his proper command. place of . Lewis E. Churchill. Incumbent's commission expired February 4, 1912. INFANTRY ARM. MINNESOTA.. .Second Lieut. Alexander W. Maish, Infantry (detailed first William B. Strom to be postmaster at Hector, Minn., in place lieutenant in the Ordnance Department), to be first lieutenant of William B. Strom. Incumbent's commission expired January from February 20, 1912, vice First Lieut. Samuel C. Orchard, 29, 1912. Third Infantry, dismissed February 19, 1912. MISSISSIPPI. Second Lieut. William J. Mccaughey, Infantry (detailed first lieutenant in the Ordnance Department), to be first lieutenant Harry B. Brooks to be postmaster at Merigold, M.iss. Office from February 20, 1912, vice First Lieut. Alexander W. Maish, became presidential January 1, 1912. whose detail in the·Ordnance Department is continued from that William H. Gardner to be postmaster at Magee, Miss., in place date. of William H. Gardner. Incumbent's commission expires l\1arch Second Lieut. Eugene R. Householder, Twenty-sixth Infantry, 20, 1912. to be first lieutenant from February 20,. 1912, vice First Lieut. John W. Lockhart to be_postmaster at Durant, Miss., in place William J. Mccaughey, whose detail in the Ordnance Depart of John W. Lockhart. Incumbent's commission expires l\Iarch ment is continued from that date. 11, 1912. 1912. .CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MISSOURI. UNITED STATES .MARSHAL. Frank L. Wilson to be postmaster at Bowling Green, Mo., in William 0. Ligon to be United States marshal, southern dis- place of Frank L. Wilson. Incumbent's commission expired trict of Mississippi. January 13, 1912. • APPRAISER OF .MERCHANDISE. MONTANA. Joseph M. Weiss to be appraiser of merchandise in the dis- Lorn D. Bates to be postmaster at Columbia Falls, Mont., in trict of Detroit, Mich. place of Lorn D. Bates. Incumbent's commission expires March POSTMASTERS. 10, 1912. NEBRASKA. ALASKA. Richard McCormick, Douglas. Ben F. Sailor to be postmaster at Elm Creek, Nebr., in place of Mark J. Jones. Incumbent's commission expired February IOWA. 12, 1912. Frank E. Lundell, Stratford. NEW JERSEY. Edward Madigan, Clarksville. George B. Jacobus to be postmaster at Caldwell, N. J., in KENTUCKY. place of George B. Jacobus. Ipcumbent's COJD.mission expires Eugene C. Stockwell, Trenton. March 6, 1912. _.:.: :.-:-.. . "- NEBRASKA. NEW YORK. Ben F. Sailor, Elm Creek. l\Iarc D. Johnson to be postmaster at Randolph, N. Y., in .7 place of Marc_D. Johnson. lncumbent's commission expired Feb- J:•. J-.' ruary 10, 1912. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. NORTH DAKOTA. MoNDAY, Februm·y 26, 1912. James Power to be postmaster at Portland, N. Dak., in place of James Power. Incumbent's commission expired February The House met at 12 o'clock noon. 4, 1912. The Chaplain, Rev. Henry N. Couden, D. D., offered the fol OREGON. lowing prayer : Jared W. Moore to be postmaster at Redmond, Oreg. Office God of the ages,-everywhere present to uphold, sustain, and became presidential October 1, 1911. guide Thy children in right living, be with us lest we forget and wander from the paths of rectitude and duty and prove PENNSYLVANIA. · ourselves recreant to the trust Tbou hast reposed in us as Frank Barrett to be postmaster at Coaldale, Pa. Office be rational beings, gifted with the power of choice, for Thine is came presidential July 1, 1910. the kingdom, and the power, and the glory forever. Amen. Joseph A. Fenner to be postmaster at Weissport, Pa., in place The Journal of the proceedings of Sunday, Fe~ruary 25, 1912, of Joseph A. Fenner. Incumbent's commission expired Feb was read and approved. • ruary 10, 1912. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA BUSINESS. Malcolm H. Shick to be postmaster at Sheffield, Pa., in place of Albert Secor. Incumbent's commission expires February 28, The SPEAKER. This is Di'strict of Columbia day. 1912. Mr. JOlli~SON of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, I move that the J. Victor Wambaugh to be postmaster at Glen Rock, Pa., in House resolve itself into the Committee of the Whole House place of Gr:m,ille F. Heathcote, resigned. on the state of the Union for the purpose of disposing of legis lation relative to the District of Columbia. Hugh T. Williams to be postmaster at Union Dale, Pa., in place of John E. Thomas, resigned. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Kentucky [Mr. JOHN SON] moves that the House resolve itself into the Committee SOUTH DAKOTA. of the Whole House on the state of the Union for the consid Arthur A. Blomquist to be postmaster at Milbank, S. Dak., in eration of District of Columbia bills. place of Allen M. Nixon. Incumbent's commission expired Jan The motion was agreed to. - uary 13, 1912. Accordingly the House resolved itself fnto the Committee of John W. Jordan to be postmaster at Presho, S. Dak., in place the Whole House on the state of the Union for the considera of John W. Jordan. Incumbent's commission expired January tion of District of Columbia business, with Mr. LLOYD in the 13, 1912. chair. VERMONT. l\Ir. JOHNSON of Kentucky. Mr. Chairman, I desii'e to call Henry G. Blanchard to be postmaster_at Newport, Vt., in place up the bill S. 238, an act to authorize the extension of Lamont of Henry G. Blanchard. Incumbent's commission expired Janu Street NW., in the District of Columbia. ary 9, 1912. The Clerk read the bill, as follows: WASHINGTON. An act (S. 238) to authorize the extension of Lamont Street NW., in the District of Columbia. James Lane to be postmaster at Roslyn, Wash., ill place of Be it enacted, etc., That under and in accordance with the provisions James Lane. Incumbent's commission expires March 2, 1912. of subchapter 1 of chapter 15 of the Code of Law for the District of Columbia, within six months after the passage of this act, the Com Frank L. Turner to be postmaster at Raymond, Wash., in missioners of the District of Columbia be, and they are hereby, author place of ·Freduick B. Sturgis. Incumbent's commission expired ized and directed to institute in the Supreme Court of the District of January 23, 1912. Columbia a proceeding in rem to con_!lemn the land that may be neces sary to extend Lamont Street NW. through squares Nos. 2604 and 2605, WES1' VIRGINIA. with a width of 90 feet, said extension to be a direct prolongation of Lamont Street as now existing east of Nineteenth Street: Provided, Emerson E. Deitz ·to be postmaster at Richwoo.d, W. Va., in hou;ever, That the entire amount found to be due and awarded by the place of Emerson E. Deitz. Incumbent's commission expired jury in said proceeding as damages for and in respect of the land to be February 4, 1912. condemned for said extension, plus the costs and expenses of said pro in ceeding, shall be assessed by the jury as benefits. Herbert P. Graham to be postmaster at Keystone, W. Va., SEJc. 2. That there is hereby appropriated, out of the revenues of the place of Herbert P. Graham. focumbent's commission expired · District of Columbia, an amount sufficient to pay the necessary costs January 22, 1912. and expenses of the said condemnation proceeding taken pursuant hereto, and for the payments of the amounts awarded as damages, to Claude Shinn Randall to be poE>tmaster at Shinnston, W. Va., be repaid to the District of Columbia from the assessments for benefits in place of James N. Knox. Inc1'lmbent's commission expired and covered into the Treasury to the credit of the re1enues 'of the Dis January 12, 1911. trict of Columbia. WISCONSI~. Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. l\Ir. Chairman, I ruo\e that the Walter C. Crocker to be postmaster at Spooner, Wis., in place bill be laid aside to be reported to the House with a farnrable of Walter C. Crocker. Incumbent's commission expired Feb recommendation. ruary 26, 1012. The motion was agreed to. Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. l\1r. Chairman, I desire to call up the bill (H. R. 17238) to provide for an investigation of the CONFIRl\i.ATIONS. collection and disposal of garbage, ashes, refuse, d~ad animals, Exeouti'l:e nominations oonfinnMl by the Senate February~~. 1912. and night soil in the District of Columbia and employment of a Col\ SUL. competent sanitary engineer to report the latest approved meth ods for disposal of the same. Lewis W. Haskell to be consul at Hull, England. The Clerk read the bill, as follows : JUDGE. Be it enacted, etc., That the Commissioners of the District of Co lumbia are hereby authorized and directed to employ a competent sani Julius U. Mayer to be United States district judge, southern tary engineer of recognized ability and experience in all i:;ystems of district of New York. ultimate disposal of municipal waste to investigate the collection and