and

Compiled by: Trisha Lamb

Last Revised: April 18, 2006

© 2004 by International Association of Yoga Therapists (IAYT)

International Association of Yoga Therapists P.O. Box 2513 • Prescott • AZ 86302 • Phone: 928-541-0004 E-mail: [email protected] • URL: www.iayt.org

The contents of this bibliography do not provide medical advice and should not be so interpreted. Before beginning any exercise program, see your for clearance.

NOTE: This bibliography provides citations for resources that specifically link Yoga and Ayurveda. The general literature on Ayurveda is extensive and is not reflected in this bibliography.

“By becoming acquainted with our (physical, mental, and emotional constitution), we develop more awareness and acceptance of our natural rhythms—both on and off the mat. Robert Svoboda, the first Westerner licensed as an Ayurvedic practitioner, reminds us how this deepened awareness can to a greater connection with others and the world around us: ‘Yoga postures and breathing exercises are but two of the many actions that can promote skillful living. Improving one’s diet, consuming , meditating, chanting, ritual worship, and visualizations can also facilitate a health-promoting yoga practice. Such actions are most adept when they also promote health in others, not simply inflate the self.’”

—The Editors of Yoga Journal

“Yoga and Ayurveda are ancient branches of healing. Since thousands and thousands of years in , the land of the , the land of yoga and Ayurveda, they are absolutely together, no separation. It is very important for the yoga person to learn Ayurveda because in Ayurveda it is said that certain are not good for pitta people. Certain asanas are not good for vata people. For example, headstand, shoulder stand and inverted positions are not good for pitta people. What I say is a without Ayurveda is half a yogi. And an Ayurvedic physician without yoga is half a physician. The Ayurvedic physician must know yoga and [a] yogic person must know Ayurveda because these are two sides of the same coin.”

—Dr. Vasant Lad LA Yoga, May/June 2003

Ayurved+Yoga Expo. London, 24-25 Aug 2003. URL: www.ayurvedaexpo.com (website still active).

Press release: “Ayurveda+Yoga are the most ancient natural healing systems of India. They originated as part of . In the present day both Ayurveda and Yoga are at the forefront of a new movement towards global that includes the best developments in the of all lands.

“A new naturalistic planetary medicine is emerging, largely through re-examination of the wiser eastern and technological strides of the west. Ayurveda and Yoga are probably the most suitable point of synthesis for such a global medicine as they contain the broadest number of healing modalities.

“To enhance public awareness and education in Ayurveda and Yoga as means of improving the physical, mental and spiritual health of the community, a remarkable

2 attempt is being made to unite the best in Ayurveda and Yoga in UK to share their ancient knowledge . . .

“Exhibitors/speakers/workshop leaders will enchant you with their bodywork skills, diagnose your pulse, tongue, nails to balance your body’s constitution and present natural products for your wellbeing. The entry to the public is free.

“The Expo is supported by British Complementary Medical Association, Ayurvedic Bodywork Council and Davis & Dann Ltd.”

Ayurveda and Yoga therapy in the treatment of cardio-vascular diseases. First Annual Meeting of the National Ayurvedic Medical Association, 16-19 Oct 2003.

Ayurveda Today. Published since 1990; contains several articles on Ayurveda and Yoga. The Ayurveda Institute, 11311 Menaul NE, Albuquerque, NM 87112, (505) 291-9698.

The Institute’s mission is “to teach Ayurveda, the science of life, utilizing a traditional Vedic approach including the sister disciplines of , Yoga and Jyotisha.”

AyurYoga Department. The Ayurvedic Institute, 11311 Menaul NE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87112, USA, 505-291-9698, fax: 505-294-7572, www.ayurveda.com/yoga.htm.

Bachman, Nicolai, and Margo Bachman. The Natural Integration of Yoga and Ayurveda workshop. URL: http://www.sanskritsounds.com/ClassDescr.html#YogaAndAyurveda.

Course description: “The natural principles of Ayurveda are integrated into certain systems of yoga. This synergistic combination provides powerful tools for radiant health and personal self-development. Just as diet and lifestyle can be tailored to one’s individual constitution, so too and pranayama can be adapted to one’s unique body, breath and mind. Through lecture, discussion and yoga practicum, students will learn and experience how to ascertain their current state of health, consciously set intentions and then make appropriate choices. Ayurvedic nutrition and lifestyle as well as principles for adapting yoga practice to the individual will be covered, drawing from Sanskrit texts such as the Ashtanga Hridayam, Yoga , and Yoga Rahasya.”

Belani, Jignesh M. Ayurveda and Yoga. Article available online: http://www.ayurveda.com.au/Ayursite1/newsletter/AyurvedaYoga.htm.

Betheyla. Yoga and pregnancy. Ayurveda Today, Winter 1995.

Bhattacharya, Ram Shankar. Human body from medical [Ayurvedic] and yogic viewpoints. Journal of the Yoga Institute, Aug 1979, XXV(1):5-6.

Bhavsar, S. N. Space-Time-Motion: An Untrodden Path to Health. Physics, Medicine, Ayurveda and Yoga—A Symbiosis. Mumbai, India: , 2001.

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Blossom, Scott. Yoga and Ayurveda for the Fall CD. Lenox, Mass.: Kripalu Yoga Teachers Association, 1005.

Buhrman, Sarasvati. Ayurveda and the breath. Yoga International, Apr/May 1997, pp. 33-37.

Coffey, Lissa, and Hemalayaa. Dosha Yoga DVD. BCI Eclipse, 2005.

From the producer: “. . . combines traditional yoga postures, mudras, and therapeutic music with the spiritual art of Ayurveda. By applying the principles of Ayurveda to yoga, Lissa Coffey and instructor Hemalayaa have created three unique routines—or vinyasas—to balance our dosha, and help us get in touch with the energies that make up who we are and bring us to a state of balance and bliss.

“The DVD is designed for people at all different levels of yoga experience. For the novice, the programs offer a perfect introduction to the yoga and Ayurveda experience. The more advanced yoga expert will learn new poses and routines, as well as the rituals that go along with the entire yoga culture.

“Dosha Yoga features women with different and body types, providing a comfortable setting for any user. In addition, the audio can be played independently from the video program, for added dosha-balancing benefits when doing things other than the yoga routine.”

Dharmanidhi Acarya. Ayurvedic marma point therapy. Available online: http://www.yogalinks.net/Articles/AyurvedicMarmaPointTherapy.htm.

Dobson, Brian. Ayurveda and Yoga. Article available online: http://www.ayurveda.com.au/Ayursite1/newsletter/AyurvedaYoga.htm.

______. Ayurveda and Yoga: A program to treat emphysema: Designed for a 75 year old former smoker whose lungs are failing. Article available online: http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Ithaca/9012/emphysema_program.htm.

______. Ayurveda, Yoga and joints: A seminar for Ashram Yoga Teachers Training Course 1998. Article available online: http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Ithaca/9012/ttcsem.htm.

______. Yoga and Ayurveda for beginners: A course for community education delivered over six hours. Revision 2.0. Available online: http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Ithaca/9012/yoga_ayurveda.htm.

______. Yoga and Ayurveda for yoga teachers. URL: http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Ithaca/9012/avedlect.htm.

4 “A seminar with a thorough explanation of Ayurvedic principles and their application to the teaching of Yoga. Enables Yoga teachers to provide individual programs tailored for each of their students and to enhance their own performance. Includes a simple and powerful exposition of the practice of brahmacharya.”

Dostálek, C. Hathayoga—a constituent of traditional Indian medicine “Ayurveda.” Neurosciences, 1990, 16:67-73.

Douglas, Nik. Principles of the organism: and ojas. Cakra: A Journal of and Yoga, 1972, 4:182-185.

Yoga and Ayurveda. Yoga Awareness: Quarterly Journal of YOCOCEN, Jul 1977, 1(1), Yococen Supplement, Report of The Fifth International Conference of International Yoga Teachers Association, Panchgani, India, December 1976, p. 31.

Finger, Alan. Ayurveda & the Relationship Between the Doshas & Asana workshop. Given at Omega Institute’s New York City Yoga Conference: Awaken body, Mind & Heart, 18-20 Oct 2002. See www.eomega.org.

“Offers an introduction to the Indian life science of Ayurveda, including an overview of the different energetic forms of life force (doshas) and their vital importance to the physical practice of yoga.”

Frawley, David. Ayurvedic Healing: A Comprehensive Guide. Chapter 6: Vedic and Yogic Science. Salt Lake City, Utah: Passage Press, 1989. pp. 317-319.

______. Tantric Yoga and the Wisdom Goddesses. Section III: The Practice of Tantric Yoga and Ayurveda. Salt Lake City, Utah: Passage Press, 1994, pp. 157-226.

______. American Institute of Vedic Studies Ayurvedic Healing Correspondence Course for Health Professionals. Part I, Section 1: The Background of Ayurveda. Santa Fe, N.M.: American Institute of Vedic Studies, 1988, 1992, 1996.

______. Ayurveda and the Mind: The Healing of Consciousness. Part IV: Spiritual Applications: Yoga and Ayurvedic Psychology. Twin Lakes, Wis.: Lotus Press, 1997, pp. 243-305.

______. Yoga and Ayurveda: Self-Healing and Self-Realization. Twin Lakes, Wis.: Lotus Press, 1999.

An excerpt is available online at: http://www.vedanet.com/YogaAyur.htm

Contents: Part I: Background of Yoga and Ayurveda: Integral Vision of the Universe and the Individual Human Being—Yoga and Ayurveda: The Sciences of Self-Realization and Self-Healing, and : The Universal Philosophy of Yoga and Ayurveda, The Three Gunas and Mental Nature, The of the Doshas: Ayurvedic Constitution and Yoga, The Paths of Yoga, Part II: The Energetics of Yoga and Ayurveda: Secrets of Self-

5 Transformation—The Soul and Its Different Bodies; , Tejas and Ojas: Secrets of Yogic , Yoga: Harnessing the Inner Fire, Secrets of the Five , Kundalini and the : Awakening the Subtle Body, The Nadis: The Channel Systems of Mind and Prana, Part III: The Practices of Yoga and Ayurveda: Techniques of Inner Transformation—Yogic and Ayurvedic Diets: Similarities and Differences, Preparing : Herbs for the Practice of Yoga, Asana: Yoga Postures for Health and Awareness, Methods of Pranayama, Pratyahara: The Forgotten Limb of Yoga, Purusha: The Person of Sound, and Mind

______. Ayurveda and the mind: An overview. Light on Ayurveda Journal, Summer 2005, 3(4):8-11.

Includes a section on Ayurvedic psychology and Yoga, in which it is stated: “Yoga psychology requires Ayurvedic psychology; neither is likely to flourish or develop properly without the other.”

______, and Sunil Joshi. Pancha : Ayurveda’s 5-step approach to better health. Yoga International, Mar/Apr 1994, pp. 19-23.

______, and Sandra Summerfield Kozak. Yoga for Your Type: An Ayurvedic Approach to Your Asana Practice. Twin Lakes, Wis.: Lotus Press, 2001. Reviewed by Sandra Anderson in the Apr/May 2002 issue of Yoga International, p. 100, and by Richard Rosen in the Jan-Mar 2002 issue of Yoga Studies.

Contents: Yoga for your type, Classical Yoga and asana practice, Ayurveda and yoga, Constitutional types, What asana does, The Ayurvedic effects of asana practice, Advancing your practice, Getting started, Description of seventy asanas: How to perform them and their Ayurvedic effects, Adapting your program, Two types of asana programs for your type, Instant change programs for each doshic type, Long term dosha reducing programs for each doshic type

Gaikwad, Rujuta. Ayuryoga: Über die (Wieder)-Vereininigung von Ayurveda und Yoga. Yoga Aktuell, Aug/Sep 2002, pp. 62-65. [In German.]

George, Janice. What is the relationship between yoga and Ayurveda? : The Quarterly Publication of the Mid Ohio Yoga Organization, Summer 2001, pp. 7-8.

Halpern, Marc. Ayurveda and asana: Use the ancient Indian healing system of ayurveda to figure out what yoga poses are right for you. Yoga Journal, Dec 1995, 125:86-95, 147. Article available online: http://yogajournal.com/health/55_1.cfm.

______. Pranayama, Yoga, and Ayurveda. International Journal of Yoga Therapy, 2000, no. 10, pp. 37-43.

Hansen, Patricia. Asana and Ayurveda workshop. Fourth Annual Southwest Yoga Conference. Corrales, New Mexico, 8-11 Nov 2001, [email protected].

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______, and Hansa Knox. The gentle loving rehab of Yoga, with Ayurveda. International Journal of Yoga Therapy, 2002, no. 12, pp. 39-43.

Herring, Barbara Kaplan. Gut feelings: Applying Ayurvedic wisdom to your yoga practice can help relieve digestive problems. Yoga Journal, Jan/Feb 2001. Article available online: http://www.yogajournal.com/health/119_1.cfm.

Iyengar, B. K. S. Difference in treatment of yoga and Ayurveda. In B. K. S. Iyengar, Astadala Yogamala, Vol 3. New Delhi, India: Allied Publishers, 2002.

______. Parallelism between yoga and Ayurveda. In B. K. S. Iyengar, Astadala Yogamala, Vol 3. New Delhi, India: Allied Publishers, 2002.

______. Yoga: Health and beyond. In B. K. S. Iyengar, Astadala Yogamala, Vol 3. New Delhi, India: Allied Publishers, 2002.

______. Yoga and Ayurveda. In B. K. S. Iyengar, Astadala Yogamala, Vol 3. New Delhi, India: Allied Publishers, 2002.

Jacobs, Stanley. Yoga and Ayurveda. In Dr. M. L. Gharote and Maureen Lockhart, eds., The Art of Survival: A Guide to Yoga Therapy. London/Sydney: Unwin Paperbacks, 1987, pp. 123-131.

Jha, Lalit K. Yoga popular, Ayurveda gaining ground. Hindustan Times, 3 Jun 2005.

“As a by-product of Yoga becoming highly popular across the United States of America, Ayurveda too seems to be slowly but firmly gaining ground . . .

“Attributing this sudden increasing popularity of Ayurveda, she said: ‘The entire credit goes to Yoga. It has become so popular that Yoga is now visible in nook and corner of this country. As a result, people now have now become more curious about Ayurveda. Many of them have even started taking it as an alternative or supplementary to the main system.’”

Jha, P. Therapeutic importance of yoga and ayurveda. Proceedings ICYR, 1984-1985, article no. 5, pp. 47-52.

Kowalski, Reinhard. The Only Way Out Is In: Yoga, Ayurveda and Psychology. Jon Carpenter Publishing, 2001.

From the publisher: “A practical guidebook for spiritual seekers that provides a bridge between the best in Western psychology and the most relevant in yogic spirituality. It provides maps for an inner journey. Meditation, breathing techniques, mantra and devotion are presented as practical psychological tools to change our thoughts, emotions and deep-seated conditionings.”

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Lad, Vasant. Yogasana for seasonal balancing of pitta. Ayurveda Today, Spring 1996.

______. Ayurveda: A total healing art. Yoga International, Mar/Apr 1995, pp. 34- 40.

______. Mantras and Ayurveda. Article available online: http://www.ayurveda.com/mantra.htm.

Leary, Ellen. Yoga, Meditation & Ayurveda: Exploring the Inner workings During Yoga Practice workshop. Starseed Center for Yoga, Meditation & , Montclair, New Jersey. Tel.: 973-783-1036. URL: www.starseedyoga.com.

This workshop explores how cyclical change, age cycles, digestive cycles, and the cycle of the day and season, collectively called “rtm,” all affect the quality of yoga practice, as they all affect the balance in the nadis in the body. While working in the poses students will be exposed to the concepts of aligning themselves more closely with those cycles and the therapeutic value of yoga within these cycles.

Lele, Avinash, Subhash Ranade, and . Secrets of Marma: A Comprehensive Textbook of Ayurvedic Vital Points. , India: International of Ayurved, 1999. Available from Yoga Research and Education Center or via the International Academy of Ayurved website: www.ayurved-int.com.

From the International Academy of Ayurved website: “The science of marma was shrouded in mystery for a long time, as it was taught only to certain people to prevent its misuse. Marma science has many facets related to other sciences like martial arts, yoga, etc. This is the first book which has put together all these aspects with marma points—it is a comprehensive textbook of Ayurvedic Vital Points.”

Chapters include: Historical View, Basic Principles, Marma and Sharira Rachana (Anatomy), Marma and Siddha System, Marma and Martial Arts, Marma and Sex, Marma Types, Marma and Yoga, Symptoms of Injury to Marma, Marma—Tridosha, Sub Dosha and Channels, Marma Therapy, Glossary, and Bibliography

Machiraju, Christine and Venkat. Ayurveda and yoga therapy for asthma. Light on Ayurveda, Spring 2005, 3(3):23-26.

Mader, Dinesh. Yoga and Ayurveda: Sister sciences. Article available online: http://www.naturalawakenings.com/yoga799.htm.

Mahowald, Dawn R., and Emmey A. Ripoll. Application of Hatha-Yoga asanas to chronic cystitis using Western medical, Chinese , and Ayurvedic points of view. International Journal of Yoga Therapy, 2000, no.10, pp. 27-35.

8 Mamtani, Ravinder, and Ronac Mamtani. Ayurveda and yoga in cardiovascular diseases. Cardiology Review, May 2005, 13(3):155-162.

Abstract: Ayurveda is derived from 2 Sanskrit words, namely, “Ayus” and “Veda,” meaning life and knowledge, respectively. It literally means science of life. Ayurveda, of which yoga is an integral part, is widely practiced in India and is gaining acceptance in many countries around the world. It is a comprehensive and a holistic system, the focus of which is on the body, mind, and consciousness. The Ayurvedic treatment consists of the use preparations, diet, yoga, meditation, and other practices. Based on the review of available studies, the evidence is not convincing that any Ayurvedic herbal treatment is effective in the treatment of heart disease or . However, the use of certain spices and herbs such as garlic and in an overall healthy diet is appropriate. Many herbs used by Ayurvedic practitioners show promise and could be appropriate for larger randomized trials. Yoga, an integral part of Ayurveda, has been shown to be useful to patients with heart disease and hypertension. Yoga reduces anxiety, promotes well-being, and improves quality of life. Its safety profile is excellent. Its use as a complementary therapeutic regimen under medical supervision is appropriate and could be worth considering.

Marlon, Yogi. Answers the question: “How does my dosha effect what kind of yoga practice is best for me?” Article available online: http://www.askyogimarlon.com/archive/a_how_Dosha_effects_practice.html.

Matthews, Shaun. Balancing pitta dosha using yoga practices. Yoga (Sivananda Math). Article available online: http://www.yogamag.net/archives/1995/3may95/balance.shtml.

Mehta, Mira. Health through Yoga: Simple Practice Routines and a Guide to the Ancient Teachings. London: Thorsons, 2002.

“. . . the practical benefits of Yoga are examined through Ayurveda, Indian medical science. In Ayurveda the body is seen to function as a combination of three energies known as doshas. Everybody’s constitution or body type is determined by the predominance of the doshas within their body, so everyone is prone to certain weaknesses and illnesses, caused by imbalances. Yoga postures or asanas act to balance the doshas and restore equilibrium. This is how Yoga works to maiximize and well-being.”

“. . . provides step-by-step instructions for postures and relaxation methods to alleviate everything from back pain, headaches and digestive problems to stress and fatigue.”

Mehta, P. M. Ayurveda acclaims yoga therapeutic discipline as most sacred, sublime and supreme. Golden Jubilee Year Souvenir, Kaivalyadhama, 1975.

Mishra, Satyendra Prasad. Yoga and Ayurveda: Their Alliedness and Scope as Positive Health Sciences. , India: Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, 1989.

9 Monsanto, Chandrasekhar. Ayurveda Psychology Department. Intercultural Open University, http://www.iouedu.com/. Email: [email protected].

“I have been initiated into the systems of Yoga and Ayurveda by my , Swami Sivananda . . . I have received his knowledge, codified and systematized it. I did formal training in Ayurveda and integrated the knowledge I had received under the name Ayurved Maanasa Shaastra. The system of practice which resulted from this forms the basis for the practice of General Psychology (Mano Vijñanam), Medical Psychology (Mano Rog), Psycho-neuro-immunology (Marma Shaastra), Yoga therapy (Yoga chikitsa), Systems Sciences (Siddhah Paddhati) and Social and Preventive medicine (Svastha Vritha). It is based on both Ashtanga Yoga and Ayurveda.

“Through this integrated body of knowledge I have developed a system to diagnose patients through Parikshaa (), Rupa (external characteristics), PrashNa (questioning) and tell about the life and health status, psychosomatic cause of the disease (etiology), basic and deviated behavior (which causes PraGyaa Apradha— which results in unwholesome actions and thoughts), relationship with parents, children and wife/husband, Prakriti (basic constitution) and deviated states of Doshas (Vikriti) of the patient and the parents, children and husband/wife, pathology, pathogenesis, etc.

“The aim is to teach the patient how to restore achara (right action) and thus raise his consciousness level by means of treatment (chikitsa) in order to clear the srotas and nadis, medical psychology for restoring the psychosomatic balance or dhaatusaamya (homeostasis) and yogam so as to raise the psychosomatic capacity or Ojas. Many techniques or forms of therapy may be applied as part of Ayurveda Psychology including Naad Yoga, , Yoga chikitsa, etc.”

Morningstar, Amadea. Journey to health: Pancha karma defined. Yoga International, Dec/Jan 1997, pp. 38-43.

Nalgirkar, S. J. Control of sex complex in ayurveda and yoga. Abstract, 2nd International Conference on Yoga Education and Research, Kaivalyadhama (Lonavla), India, 1-4 January 1988. Yoga-Mimamsa, 1988, 27(1&2):43-44.

Ninivaggi, Frank John, M.D. Yoga and Ayurveda: Their differing emphases; Yoga: Its history in the ancient Vedas and later development by ; Yoga procedures according to Dosha predominance; The Tantra of Ayurveda: Vision, mission, and methods. In Frank John Ninivaggi, M.D., An Elementary Textbook of Ayurveda: Medicine with a Six Thousand Year Old Tradition. Madison, Conn.: International Universities Press, 2001, pp. 188-190; 190-195; 195-196; 197-199.

Pargaonker, Rani. The Ayurvedic approach to stress. YOGAChicago, Jul-Aug 2001, pp. 29, 32.

Pole, Sebastian. The doshas: The three humors: Friend or foe? Spectrum: The Journal of the British Wheel of Yoga, Winter 2003, pp. 28-30.

10 ______. Yoga and Ayurveda: The blending of two traditions. Spectrum: The Journal of the British Wheel of Yoga, Autumn 2003, pp. 11-13.

Rai, P. S. Ayurveda and Yoga as related to asthma. Yoga Awareness, Jan 1978, II(1):18- 20.

Rajguru, Ashok. Ayurveda and yoga. AyurvedaNews, 6(5).

Ranade, Subhash, Abbas Qutab, and Rajendra Deshpande. History and Philosophy of Ayurved. Available via International Academy of Ayurved website: www.ayurved- int.com.

______, and Sunanda Ranade. Ayurveda and Yoga Therapy. Pune, India: Anmol Prakashan, 1995. Reviewed by Richard Rosen in International Journal of Yoga Therapy, 2000, no. 10, pp. 105-106.

One hundred and seven disorders are covered in alphabetical order, ranging from abdominal pain to varicose . For each disorder, some or all of the following information is provided: Definition, Causative factors, Symptoms, Treatment (for vatta, pitta, and kapha types), Yoga practices.

______, Sunanda Ranade, Abbas Qutab, and Rajendra Deshpande. Health and Disease in Ayurveda and Yoga. Pune, India: Anmol Prakashan, 1997. Available via International Academy of Ayurved website: www.ayurved-int.com. Reviewed by Richard Rosen in International Journal of Yoga Therapy, 2000, no. 10, pp. 105-106.

From the preface: “In this book, while explaining the relation between health and disease according to Ayurveda and Yoga, we have in detail described the concepts of physiology and pathology in both these sciences. We have also explained the relation between various Yoga procedures and doshas, waste products, tissues, channel systems, and constitution.”

The book was written according to the syllabus prescribed by CCIM for undergraduate and post-graduate students of various institutes.

Contents: Part 1 (Approach to Health by Ayurveda and Yoga): Basic Principles of Ayurveda and Yoga, Biological Humors—Tridosha, Tissues—Waste Products, Concept of Anatomy, Constitution—Prakriti, Digestion and , Rasa (Body Fluid— Plasma), Rakta (Blood), Mamsa (Muscle Tissue), Meda (Adipose Tissue), Asthi (Bony Tissue), Majja (Nerve Tissue), Shukra (Reproductive Tissue); Part 2 (Approach to Diseases by Ayurveda and Yoga): Concept of Pathology in Ayurveda and Yoga, Nature of Causative Factors, Pathological States of Doshas, Movement of Doshas and Disease Tracts, Contributory Factors for Disease, Diseases, Stages of Diseases, Prognosis, Immunity, Pathology of Organs and Channels, Pathogenesis

Rao, Nina. Ayurveda combines exercise, diet, meditation. News-Leader, 25 Jan 2005.

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“In a south Springfield yoga studio, 25 people stand—hands hanging at their sides, feet firmly planted on the ground—and practice breathing for those times when their pitta is out of wack.

“It makes sense to the class.

“For three weeks, the students have been learning about ayurveda (pronounced i-your- vay-da), a 5,000-year-old Indian system of health, at yoga studio Success Naturally . . .

“Ayurveda relies on diet, yoga, and meditation, among other things, to achieve balance in body, mind and spirit, which are seen as inseparable.

“Though Success Naturally has offered ayurveda workshops before, this is the first time the studio has focused long-term classes on the practice. It is offering four eight-week classes and a total of about 100 students are participating.

“‘The interest has been phenomenal,’ says Loa Freeman, who owns Success Naturally and is teaching one of the classes . . .”

Reddy, M. Venkata. Ayurvedic aspects in Hathapradipika. The Journal of Research and Education in Indian Medicine, Oct-Dec 1988, 7(4):21-30.

Rocky Mountain Institute of Yoga & Ayurveda. Ongoing courses in Yoga and Ayurveda. Examples: “Ayurveda and Yoga Psychology,” “Asana and Ayurveda.” Also incorporates the Ayurveda and Yoga Therapy Center . RMIYA, P.O. Box 1091, Boulder, CO 80306, (303) 443-6923.

Shah, Vina, and Giles Hooper. Yoga and Ayurveda for therapy. International Journal of Yoga Therapy, 2003, no. 13, pp. 7-13.

Abstract: According to Yoga and Ayurveda, the purpose of therapy is to act against illness or disease so that the human system is restored to balance. There is no doubt that the human system is a complex one, and thus, by its nature, the subject of therapy is often complex. As humans, our inner balance is influenced by six variable factors—diet, lifestyle, environment, body work, breathing techniques, and our thought processes. These factors are interdependent and the connections between them have been analyzed and discussed in the classical texts on Yoga and Ayurveda. Although they place a slightly different emphasis on each of these factors in terms of their relevance to maintaining or restoring health, Yoga and Ayurveda both recognize that we can only alter our state of health or restore our balance by addressing these six factors and the connections between them. Therefore, to approach any therapeutic situation effectively, both Yoga and Ayurveda must be considered. Depending on the nature of the imbalance being treated, one of them will often play a primary role in the treatment and the other will act as a support.

12 Singh, R. H. Yoga and Ayurveda: Their alliedness and scope as positive health sciences. In the proceedings (marked “Souvenir”) of the Conference of YOCOCEN, New Delhi, February 8, 1981, pp. 59-65.

______. Yoga and Ayurveda: The Yoga of Caraka . Yoga Awareness, Jan 1978, II(1):14-17.

Steffensen, Sharon. Ayurveda and asana practice: The doshas at a glance. YOGAChicago, Jan-Feb 2001, p. 15.

Stiles, Mukunda. Ayurvedic yoga: The variety of approaches to yoga. YOGAChicago, May – June 2000. Article available online: http://www.yogachicago.com/may00/ayurvedicyoga.shtml.

______. Ayurveda Yoga Therapy. Lotus Press, forthcoming.

“Classical Yoga practices from Prof. Krishnamacharya and how to practice them for balancing Ayurvedic doshas. Contents include yogasanas, vinyasas, pranayamas, mudras, bandhas, kriyas and meditation techniques from the Yoga Sutras ().”

Stukin, Stacie. Yoga for your dosha: Does your yoga class not feel quite right? It could be because it’s not a good match with your Ayurvedic dosha. Yoga Journal, Jan/Feb 2003, pp. 114-119. Article available online: http://www.yogajournal.com/health/858_1.cfm.

Svoboda, Robert E. Prakruti: Your Ayurvedic Constitution. Exercise section, pp. 105- 110, Bathing section, p. 110, section, pp. 166-167. Albuquerque, N.M.: Geocom, 1988.

______. Asana: An Ayurvedic approach. Fourth Annual Southwest Yoga Conference. Corrales, New Mexico, 8-11 Nov 2001, [email protected].

______. Reunion with the Vidyas: Bringing Yoga and Ayurveda into right relationship in your life. Presentation at the 5th Annual Southwest Yoga Conference, October 29 – November 4, 2002, Palm Springs, California. URL: http://www.southwestyoga.com.

Tomasko, Felicia. Asana and Ayurveda: A balanced approach to the practice. LA Yoga, Jan/Feb 2003, 2(1):39-41. Article available online: http://www.layogapages.com/issue3/departments/asana_and_yurveda.htm.

Tomlinson, Sara. The Ancient Ayurveda Yoga Series DVD. Ayurveda-Yoga Institute, 2004.

Presents “a meditative [asana] practice based on the teachings of Swami Sivananda and Edward Tarabilda.”

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Udupa, K. N. Promotion of “Health for All” by Ayurveda and Yoga. Varanasi: Banaras Hindu University, 1985.

Vaidya, Prabha, M.D. Ayurveda and Yoga: The sister sciences: A holistic approach to healing, part 1. YOGAChicago, Sep/Oct 1999, pp. 5, 8-11.

______. Ayurveda and Yoga: A holistic approach to healing, part 2. YOGAChicago, Nov/Dec 1999, pp. 13, 26.

Vasudevan, Sri V. Promoting Ayurveda and Yoga: The work of Arsha Yoga Peetam. Spectrum: The Journal of the British Wheel of Yoga, Winter 1999, p. 13.

Venkataraghavan, S. The scope and importance of the doshas (vata, pitta and kapha). Cakra: A Journal of Tantra and Yoga, 1971, 3:124-127.

Verma, Vinod. Sixteen Minutes to a Better 9-to-5: Stress-free Work with Yoga and Ayurveda. York Beach, Maine: Samuel Weiser, 1999.

Chapters include: Holistic Health, Preserving the State of Health, Purification of the Body, with Yoga, Nutrition, Prakriti, Sattva, Promoting Strength and Preventing Illness

______. Ayurveda for Life. Savasana and breathing exercises section, pp. 121-124, Subtle energy and the eternal Self section, pp. 124-126, Breathing practices for the subtle body, pp. 126-129, Concentric energy points or cakras,” pp. 129-133. York Beach, Maine: Samuel Weiser, 1997.

______. Ayurveda: A Way of Life. “Yoga” section, pp. 117-141. York Beach, Maine: Samuel Weiser, 1995.

Vernon, Jyoti. Yoga and Ayurveda: Where we are today. Presentation at the 5th Annual Southwest Yoga Conference, October 29 – November 4, 2002, Palm Springs, California. URL: http://www.southwestyoga.com.

Vinekar, S. L., and M. V. Bhole. Co-ordination of yoga and ayurveda. Souvenir of Gujarat Ayurveda University, Jamnagar, Jan 1967, pp. 29-33.

Yoga and Ayurveda: Drs. David Frawley and in Dialogue. YOGAChicago, May-Jun 2001, pp. 16-17, 30-31.

Yoga and Ayurveda. 5th Annual Southwest Yoga Conference, October 29 – November 4, 2002, Palm Springs, California.

Zadlo, Ed. Ayurveda, Yoga and Vedic psychology. Article available online at: http://www.vedanet.com/Zadlo.htm

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Of Related Interest

Kannan, K. origin in Ayurveda. (online edition), 3 Apr 2001. URL: http://www.the-hindu.com/2001/04/03/stories/14032188.htm.

Lad, Vasant. Textbook of Ayurveda: Fundamental Principles. Volume One. Albuquerque, N.M.: The Ayurvedic Press, 2002. URL: www.ayurveda.com.

Lele, R. D. Ayurveda and Modern Medicine. Bombay, India: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, 1986.

Svoboda, Robert. A question of vision: The relationship between Ayurveda & modern medicine. Yoga International, Feb/Mar 1998: 34-41.

Ayurvedic Yoga Teacher Courses

The California College of Ayurveda Ayurvedic Yoga Teacher Certification Course. Six days. URL: www.ayurvedacollege.com; tel.: 1-866-541-6699.

This six-day course allows Yoga teachers “to integrate the principles of Ayurveda into your yoga practice and yoga teaching.” Marc Halpern, D.C., C.A.S., P.K.T., teaches Ayurvedic theory while Sandra Summerfield Kozak, M.S., teaches the Ayurvedic approach to asana for people with a vata, pitta, and kapha nature. “Yoga teachers will leave with an understanding of how to teach yoga classes to different types of students and to provide more personalized instruction.”

Kripalu School of Ayurveda Ayurvedic Yoga Specialist Certification (for Yoga teachers only). 280 hours/7 months (one 3-day weekend per month plus home study between sessions). URL: www.kripalu.org; tel.: 1-800-848-8702, ext. 375.

“Gain a deeper knowledge of Ayurveda through its basic principles and how they relate to Yoga. Lean how to integrate Ayurvedic principles into your Yoga classes a stools for maintaining optimal health.”

Ongoing Research

Lonnie K. Zeltzer, M.D. Professor Pediatric Pain Program University of California at Los Angeles [email protected] Tel.: 310-825-0731

15 Investigating Ayurvedic meditation and Yoga for adolescents with ulcerative colitis. Funded by NIH (NCRR).

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