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Bioengineering BIOENGINEERING THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERSwattnow | JANUARY | january 2016 2016 | 1 19th Annual THE SHOW 15- 16 March 2016 Sandton Convention Centre | Johannesburg | South Africa www.terrpinn.com/wattnow Prof. Daniel Kammen Professor of Energy University of California, United States Ashley C. Brown Executive Director Harvard Electricity Policy Group, United States Dr. Dirk Smit Vice President Exploration Technology, Chief Scientist & Head of Innovation and R&D Royal Dutch Shell Plc, The Netherlands Abel Didier Tella Director General Association of Power Utilities in Africa (APUA), Ivory Coast BOOK NOW Call Kamogelo on +27 (0) 11 516 4038 or email [email protected] Book online at: www.terrapinn.com/wattnow 2 | wattnow | january 2016 19th Annual THE SHOW TAYOBOT 22 Robotics takes a leap. UTILISING OFF-GAS IN SA 26 Energy crisis forces smelters to improve. 15- 16 March 2016 Sandton Convention Centre | Johannesburg | South Africa COCHLEAR IMPLANTS FEATURES 34 A marvel of bioengineering design. www.terrpinn.com/wattnow MILESTONES OF INNOVATION 40 Showcasing the last 50 years of developments. A BRAIN STUDY Prof. Daniel Kammen 48 A doctor puts himself under the knife. Professor of Energy University of California, United States Ashley C. Brown TOP 10 threats FOR WEBSITES Executive Director 52 Harvard Electricity Policy Group, United States 26 MEGAWATTS FROM SUGAR CANE 54 LOOKING BACK 62 Dr. Dirk Smit Vice President Exploration Technology, Chief 40 Scientist & Head of Innovation and R&D Royal Dutch Shell Plc, The Netherlands Abel Didier Tella Director General Association of Power Utilities in Africa MESSAGE FROM SAIEE PRESIDENT (APUA), Ivory Coast 6 Wattsup 8 54 NEWS BOOK NOW 14 Call Kamogelo on +27 (0) 11 516 4038 or email [email protected] Book online at: www.terrapinn.com/wattnow SAIEE @saiee wattnow | january 2016 | 3 FROM THE EDITOR'S DESK | MINX AVRABOS t’s a new year. A fresh start. A new chapter in life, waiting to be written. New questions to be asked, new goals to be set and new things to try. Answers to be discovered and then to live in this transformative year of self- discovery. We kick this year off with an absolutely informative and lip- smacking bumper issue on Bioengineering, with not 2 or 3, but a total of 4 feature articles! Our first feature article, on page 22 features our BSc Student Project Competition winner, Josh Perry’s presentation on the TAYObot – where robotics takes a leap! With the current energy crisis we are experiencing in South Africa, smelters have to improve their efficiency. Ruan Murray and Prof Jan de Kock wrote a brilliant article on the potential in utilising furnace off-gas in South Africa (pg 26). Bioengineering is so diverse that I will not have done it any justice without giving it a medical spin. Prof Johan Hanekom and Prof Tania Hanekom penned a brilliant article on Cochlear implants on page 34. On page 40 you will find an article on bioengineering milestones in the last 50 years. This is one of the engineering disciplines that has saw the light only after WWII – which is truly remarkable. Our SAIEE President mentions in his letter (pg 6) about a Neurosurgeon who operated on himself in order to find out how the brain works. I decided to publish this piece, which you will find on page 48. SAIEE 2015/2016 OFFICE BEARERS Dudley Basson wrote an article on how sugarcane can be put to good President André Hoffmann Deputy President T.C. Madikane use by harvesting the energy when it gets burnt. Read more on page 54. Senior Vice President Jacob Machinjike Junior Vice President Hendri Geldenhuys Bioengineering has lengthened the lifespan of the human race with new Immediate Past President Pat Naidoo Honorary Treasurer Viv Crone inventions, mostly unheard of, being used to enhance our lives. To all the Honorary Vice President Max Clarke bioengineers out there – I salute you. Chief Executive Officer Stan Bridgens ISSN: 1991-0452 Herewith the January issue. South African Institute of Electrical Engineers. All material is strictly copyright and all rights are reserved. Reproduction without permission is forbidden. The views expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of the SAIEE. E&OE Enjoy a fruitful and joyous 2016! Visit www.saiee.org.za to answer the questions 4 | wattnow | january 2016 related to these articles to earn your CPD points. wattnow | january 2016 | 5 2015 SAIEE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE came across an article invasive human brain interfaces, and say Dr. Kennedy is ‘old school’ as the recently from the MIT he is widely accredited with allowing future is probably a non-intrusive Technology Review severely paralysed patients to be able to wireless interface. The danger may be which piqued my interest. move a computer cursor just using their that the wave of the future could be more brain. sinister, such as the remote mind control The article covers the of civilian populations. Of course we don’t story of a Doctor who His aim was to build a speech decoder need to go to such lengths to manipulate puts himself under the that would translate neural signals into people, the media seems to have that base knife in order to better understand the words from a speech synthesiser, but he pretty well covered already. brain. As one of the inventors of the brain- ran out of subjects and ultimately also computer interfaces, he ended up getting funding. So in June 2014 he had to ‘step- I look forward with anticipation as we one himself. up’ and ‘walk-the-talk’, and proceed with challenge the frontiers of bioengineering the research himself, or else 29 years of and biomedical technologies. Phil Kennedy, a 67 year old Irish born research would die. This spring, Kennedy neurologist and inventor, took the risky presented the research of his own brain at Thank you for your support as we decision to go under the surgeon’s knife the Society for Neuroscience in Chicago, #Payitforward himself, and to implant electrodes into his provoking both awe and concern among brain in order to establish a connection his colleagues. between a computer and his cerebral- cortex, and in particular the motor-cortex; Read the full story on page 48. that the part of the brain which originates the nerve impulses that initiate voluntary Dr. Kennedy is either a humanitarian muscular activity. Kennedy was part of pioneer, or a modern day Dr. a team in the late 1980s which proposed Frankenstein, maybe both. Some might André Hoffmann Pr. (Tech.) Eng | FSAIEE 6 | wattnow | january 2016 I NVE ST ONCE WITH TWICE THE OPPORTUNITY At PPS, we know professionals – and we know what they need from their investments. After all, we’ve spent over 70 years skillfully growing our members’ wealth – as well as the assets in their PPS Profi t-Share Accounts. That’s why so many of you have trusted PPS Investments to manage your fi nancial futures, and because your investment contributes to your PPS Profi t-Share Account, every cent you invest with us is also earning you profi ts. To fi nd out more, visit ppsinvestments.co.za, email [email protected] or give us a call on 0860 INV PPS (0860 468 777). THE KEY TO SUCCESS LIES IN SHARING IT. Professional Provident Society Investments Proprietary Limited (“PPS Investments”) (39270), Professional Provident Society Multi-Managers Proprietary Limited (“PPS Multi-Managers”) (28733) and Professional Provident Society Insurance (“PPS Insurance”) (1044) are licensed Financial Services Providers. wattnow | january 2016 | 7 CURRENT AFFAIRS SAIEE Annual Student Project Competition Hosted by Central University of After the judges deliberated, they Technology (CUT) in Bloemfontein, decided to add a discretionary prize the annual SAIEE Student Project in each category. The recipients are: Competition did not disappoint. • The BSc recipient is Robert Mawbey from University of Kwa-Zulu Natal Final year students representing for his project “Intelligent Electric Universities (BSc) and Universities of Vehicle Platform”. Technology (B Tech) came together to • The B Tech recipient is Sikhona Cele showcase their final year projects for from Vaal University of Technology a bid to walk away with the coveted for her project on “Small Rural Field awards and prize money. Water Absorption Controller”. From left: Josh Perry (UCT), winner in the BSc Category with George Debbo (SAIEE). Dr Ben Kotze, Senior Lecturer: Each participating student received Department of Electrical, Electronic a token from Ben Kotze, which and Computer Engineering, CUT symbolises the “thinker”. He said: “The welcomed the participants and visitors thinker is the student, which is placed to a sweltering Bloemfontein. “This is inside the world to support his/her the first time in the 27-year history of the surroundings, community or family by National Student Project Competition what he /she have learnt or being taught that the Central University plays host to and as a person to look up to. this event, and we are very proud, thank you” Ben said as he introduced Stan The platform symbolizes the Project Bridgens. competition and the support by SAIEE, which forms the base on which their “You are all Regional winners and should knowledge stands and a benchmark to From left: Luke Rogers (CUT), winner in the BTech be proud of yourselves to have made it others and other institutions. Category with Dr Ben Kotze (Project Supervisor). this far, well done”, was Stan Bridgens, SAIEE CEO’s opening remarks to the The hands symbolize the support with students. which the SAIEE reaches out to assist the world, communities as well as learners.” THE WINNERS ARE: • Josh Perry representing the This token was sponsored by the University of Cape Town is the Product Development and Technology winner in the BSc Category with his Station (PDTS) and the Centre for project “Bio-inspired Robotics”.
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