The Approach and Current Situation of The Geothermal Development in Beppu City
20 Nov, 2017 Beppu City Office, Oita Pref. １ The Volcanic Front of the Japanese Archipelago
The Volcanic Distribution Map of the Japanese Archipelago Kyushu Region
8-9cm/year
：Quaternary Volcanos ：The Volcanic Front 4-5cm/year
Source：JAEA ２ About Beppu City
Source：METI, etc..
Populations and Households Area：125.34km2 1975-2015 Population：118,673 （61,993 Households） Households As of Aug, 2017 Populations
Beppu City
Population Aging Rate：31.3％(2015) Workers（Companies） Region Ratio of the tertiary Industry Beppu City ８９．９％ Ave. Temperature in City・・・Approx. 16℃ Oita Pref. ７５．１％ Ave. Rainfall in City・・・Approx.1800mm Ave. in Japan ７３．５％ ３ Features of Beppu Hot Spring Villages ①
Total yields（ℓ／min） Operating wellheads【source in： YusaBeppu(2008）】City Wellheads 83058 44486 36904 34081 32300 Wellheads 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 Beppu HS Vil. Yufuin Okuhida HS Vil. Pumped Up Wellheads Ito Kusatsu
The number of wellheads Artesian Wellheads 2217 879 649 522 452 Years 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 Beppu HS Vil. Yufuin Ito Atami HS Vil. Ibusuki
Source：Japan SPA Association 20１2 ３ Features of Beppu Hot Spring(Onsen) Villages ②
＊Formation of Beppu hot spring：50K years ＊History of Beppu Onsen：Back to 8 Century ＊Source of Onsen is rain water. ＊Subsurface rain water turn over every 50 years. ＊ The resources of the onsen is hot water type of the chloride spring places under the Tsurumi volcanic group. （Temp.: 250～300℃、Ｃl:1400～1600ppm）
Beppu Onsen temperature distribution map in 100m below seal evel. （℃）
●：Former Yield Spot →：Hot water movement direction ―：Isotherm in 100m below sea level N ：Buried Fault（estimated） Source：Yusa（2003） ４ Beppu City relations to the Geothermal Development
■The place of the hot ■Local people spring origin in Japan! opposed to the geothermal -In 1919, drilling for development in the the geothermal(113℃) past! utilization succeeded in Beppu City. -In 1981, the opposition movement -In 1925, First by Beppu local people geothermal let Idemitsu withdrew generation(1.3kW) the application which started in Japan. had applied drilling plans for the geothermal power plant to Oita Pref.. Source: Oita News in198１ ５ The approach to The New Energy（Geothermal Energy）
2014 2015 2016 2017
• Feb: Completed • Jan: The price • Mar: Enacted • Feb: Completed the FS for the cuts for the “Ordinance the “Beppu City “Beppu City water supply for Hot Spring Energy Local New to the coexistence Project Possibility Energy Vision”. geothermal with the Investigation Study • Sep: Enacted plants. community of Project”. the “Act • Mar: Beppu city hot Regarding Established spring power Preliminary the “Beppu generation”. Procedures of City Local Local New New Energy Energy Vision”. Installation of Beppu City”. ６ The FS for “the Beppu City Local New Energy Vision” （２０１４）
Available amount（GJ/year） Available amount 利用可能量（GJ／年） Wind風力発電 power, ﾊﾞｲｵﾏｽ発電･熱 Type of Energy Heat Conversion Biomass 304,641 利用, （GJ/year） 21,640 Geothermal binary power 631,307 太陽光発電・ 地熱発Geothermal binary power, Solar power,熱利用 etc. Hot spring (66,257) , 電, etc. 447,683 Geothermal Hot Spring 922,861 631,307 heat utilization Heat pump 1,529,164 Geothermal heat utilization, Solar power 447,683 温度差利用, etc. 2,452,025 Solar heat (488,011) Wind power 304,641 Hydropower(Small and Mid.) - Power 21,640 ＜Characteristic in Beppu City for the new energy＞ Biomass Heat Utilization (76,727) ▶Geothermal related： ８０％ Total（except Hot spring ▶Solar ： １２％ power, Solar heat, Biomass 3,857,295 Wind ： ８％ heat utilization） ７ New supports for the geothermal development（２０１５）
Setting “Geothermal power water supply” as purpose of water supply （Corporate with the Waterworks Bureau of Beppu City） ・Utilizing the tap water to the geothermal binary power： As cooling water ・Lead to the benefit of waterworks. ・The above mentioned benefits applies to the price of water in the area： Return to the local.
Purpose of Basic charge Excessive charge water supply Amount Charge Excessed Amount Charge/t ８ｔ～２０ｔ 156yen Normal ～８ｔ 997yen ２０ｔ～１００ｔ 194yen １００ｔ～ 244yen Vessel 488yen/t Geothermal 152円yen/t ８ The “Beppu City Local New Energy Vision”（２０１５）
Basic Guidelines Regarding the Installation of New Energy
Basic Objective 1: Installation of new energy attuned with the environment ⇒ The approaches focused on harmonizing with the environment. Basic Objective 2: Contribution to the tourism industry ⇒ Revitalizing onsen / tourism industry. Basic Objective 3: Installation of local reduction type new energy ⇒ Revitalizing community by returning the merits. Basic Objective 4: Secure energy in times of disaster ⇒ Striving for a community with strong resistance against disasters.
■ Policy for the geothermal power -Promote only exist wellheads and projects with no effects to the surrounding environment not aggressive promoting for large size geothermal (binary) power plants necessary for new wells. -Promote mainly for the small size geothermal binary power plants with utilizing existing wellheads. ９ Citizens' awareness survey on the new energy
１ Research purpose Grasping the concern in the new energy, intension, opinion to the City’s approaches and etc. through the survey. 【⇒ Study resource for the New Energy Vision（2015）】
２ Survey period
8th ～ 29th Aug, 2014
３ Target
Target Numbers Measures Answer ratio
Citizens 2,000 Choose random from over 20 years old living in 30.4% Beppu city Choose from different industrial type based on Companies 200 46.7% ration of the number of offices. Onsen and hotel 20 owners Onsen and hotel owners who have wellheads. 55.0% 10 The result of citizens' awareness survey on the new energy ①
Ｑ１） What approaches city shall be taken in order to solve environmental burden with installing new energy?
騒音や地下水位の低下などの環境負荷が懸念さ 57.9 46.2 れる場合には事業者に状況把握及び結果公表… 72.7 設備設置事業者に対して、事前に周辺住民等へ 57.2 51.6 の説明会の開催を要請する 63.6
58.1 新エネルギーの設備設置に関する条件を設ける 59.1 54.5 設置工事中や稼働中に職員に立ち入り検査をさせ 29.6 20.4 る 27.3
28.4 ％ 設置を抑制する地域を設ける 37.6 9.1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 市民 事業者 温泉旅館 10 The result of citizens‘ awareness survey on the new energy ②
Ｑ２） What approaches citizens require to the city for the utilizing onsen energy?
30 温泉エネルギーに対する補助制度を創設する 48.4 63.6
市営温泉施設に設備を導入し効果や課題等を情 54.7 47.3 報発信する 36.4
温泉エネルギー設備を実際に体験できる場を設 39.5 34.4 け、観光スポットとして活用する 45.5
温泉エネルギー利用に関する市の相談窓口を設 23 ％ 31.2 ける 45.5
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 市民 事業者 温泉旅館 11 Act Regarding Preliminary Procedures of Local New Energy Installation of Beppu City（２０１４） and Ordinance
【The reason for enacting】 １）The requests increased for development of new energy system from in/outside of the City Office. ２）Arising the geothermal developers with slight awareness to the regulations and laws. ３）More importance of mutual understanding between new energy developers and local peoples.
Act Regarding Preliminary Procedures of Local Some limitations for guidance. New Energy Installation
【Occur another issues】 【View of City Office】 １）Rushing large size equity entry -In regard to the installing the geothermal facilities, ２）Affect to the environment it is necessary for utilizing sustainably and orderly ３）Worsen the local emotion with proper guidance and supervision by ４）Over utilization of hot water? administration sector in terms of hot spring and ５）Over yielding of springs? living environment protection, promoting local understanding, and local contribution.
Establishing the strict ordinance in order to promote installation of geothermal power orderly. 12 Ordinance for coexistence with the community of Beppu city hot spring power generation（２０１６）
■ Essential of the ordinance １．Purpose ６．Other Co-existance with communities and proper Notification of the counter measure to the utilization of hot spring resource. accident, etc.. ７．Recommend improvement, Publication ２．Definition Publication to internet and notice to Over 7500kW is objected. relevant agencies.
８．Establishing the council ３．Obligation of the city and developers Evaluate the result of survey and Specify owner of the facility. discuss the issue. ２ ０ １ ７ ～
９．Avoidance area ４．Prior consultation Area limitation and set development Briefing to the local peoples, etc.. conditions etc.. 10．Individual deliberation ５．Regulations for the environment Opinion for hot spring drilling Hot spring monitoring, etc.. etc.. 13 Procedure based on the Ordinance
Indicate Check the prior completion Jurisdiction consultation agencies Completion Local acceptance of confirmation prior consultation Report of Prior prior Construction consultation consultation
Complete all Completion Notification Notification procedure based report of of of on regulations regulations construction completion
Briefing to the locals Report of Monitoring monitoring and Environment assessment survey 14 Prior survey for the environment
■Impact study for environment ・ Noise, pollutions, and etc.. Procedure based on the laws and regulations
・ Water intake, drainage, etc.. Submit papers to relevant agencies.
・ Fumaroles pollutions, hot spring and resources. ・ Counter measures to natural disasters.
Briefing to the local people about scenic landscape measures.
■Hot spring monitoring survey ■Safety investigation for pressured tank ・ Drilling new well. for hot water and separator ・ Existing wellheads within １５０ｍ. ・ Confirm warrant ・ Local confirmation 15 Reasons of expansion of hot spring power generation in Beppu
Environment condition
＊High temp. hot spring Trend in the society in shallow area. ＊Focus on renewable energy Policy changes ＊A number of private own wells. （Baseload power, CO2 emission） ＊Large number of untouched hot ＊Deregulations of relevant spring. regulations ＊Large income by FIT(Feed in ＊Located out of national park. Tariff) ＊ Accumulated knowledge for ＊Expanding subsidized projects utilizing hot springs. （METI, MOE） ＊Shift from solar power
＊Power liberalization ＊Shift to utilizing idle land 16 Changing in the equipment accreditation
Source: Asahi News 2016.07.23
ＫW 件 The equipment accreditation in
7000 Beppu 50 47 45 6000 40
5000 36 35 Beppu city 30 4000 25 3000 5741 20 17 2000 4321 15 10 1000 6 1491 5 786 0 0 2014.3 2015.3 2016.3 2017.3
Equipment capacity Approved equipment 17 Installed situation of hot spring power generation etc. As of March, 2017
▲Tsurumi dake 1,375m ▲Garan dake1,045m
Hotta fault
Asamigawa Kannawa fault fault
：Under operation（１５） ：Planned（４６） 18 Assertion of the effect to the living environment
●Issue caused by the geothermal development. ・Lack of procedure based on the laws and
大分合同新聞記事 regulations. （2015.9.16）抜粋 ・Lack of briefing to local people ・Lack of well maintenance （Fumaroles pollutions, Noise, Drainage, etc.） ・Lack of ownership sense
Local opposition 19 Beppu City Hot Spring Energy Project Possibility Investigation Study Project（２０１７）
１) Survey target Survey 103 active fumaroles boiling spring where is over 200m from sea level and close to two heat source (Garan-dake, Tsurumi-dake) in Beppu city.
２）Survey contents Definitions Contents Measures Situation of heat Depth and Caliber source Active Temperature Main wellheads fumaroles boiling Calorific value Calculate from steam table spring pH Main wellheads Chloride Ion Main wellheads（Cｌ－）
３）Survey Result Publication the survey result through City office HP 20 Beppu hot spring power generation, such as measures Council （２０１７）
Beppu City Local New Energy Vision 03,2015 Council members Affiliation 09, 2014～ 会長 由佐 悠紀 京都大学名誉教授 Act Regarding Preliminary Procedures of Local New Energy Installation of Beppu 別府商工会議所 副会長 渡邊 秀一 City 専務理事 10, 2013～ 京都大学大学院地球熱学 竹村 恵二 Promotion Committee for Beppu City 研究施設教授 Local New Energy Vision 別府大学 阿部 博光 05,2016～ 国際経営学部教授 Ordinance for coexistence with the ＡＰＵ大学院アジア太平洋 李 燕 community of Beppu city hot spring 研究科教授 power generation 徳田 宣子 徳田法律事務所 04,2017～ 別府市旅館ホテル組合連 西田 陽一 Beppu hot spring power generation, 合会会長 such as measures Council 大分県産業科学技術ｾﾝﾀｰ 石原 正統 参事監兼次長 21 Result of the survey by Beppu hot spring power generation, such as measures Council
◇Decreased calorific value ◇Comparison of the survey data (30 years ago) （Temperature and drilling depth） in 62%, 28 over 45, of hot spring sources. Stabilization Temperature of hot spring resource
◇Decline chloride ion concentration of hot spring Drilling Depth sources might be caused by weaken of heat and material supply or stronger ground water supply during the process of heat supply. Decay of hot spring resource 22 Schedule of the geothermal energy
2014FY 2015FY 2016FY 2017FY 2018FY 2019FY 2020FY
Global warming measures execution Revising Beppu plan Environmental City Local 【Contain New Energy Vison】 Basic Plan New ・Introduction Plan for the New Planning Energy Vision Energy Plan ・Approach to promote the New Revising Energy Plan Global warming measures execution plan New energy introduction New energy introduction project project FS for hot ②Hot spring heat utilization ①Hot spring pow generation Promotion spring power introduction project introduction project →Install to city owned hot spring →Introduction Feasibility Map generation facilities Ordinance for Revising Ordinance coexistence with for coexistence Regulation the community of with the community designig Beppu city hot of Beppu city hot spring power spring power generation generation Thank you for your attention