Journal of Neuropterology 1: 23-31 (1998) ISSN 1029-2020

Coniopterygidae () from the Mediterranean Region and Iran

M. Meinander

Finnish Museum of Natural History, N. Jarnvagsgatan 13 P.O. Box 17, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland. E-mail: [email protected]

Key Words: Coniopterygidae, , Faunistics, Mediterranean Region, Iran

SUMMARY

Coninpteqx (Xeroconiopteyx)furcata and C. (X.) israelensis (from Israel), and C. (X.) hastata (from Iran) are described as new . Nimboa ressli is recorded as new for Israel, C. unguigonarcuata is new for the Arabian Peninsula and Nimboa vartianorum, Conioptery drammonti, C. lentiae, C. (X.) unicef and Hemisemidalis kasyi are new for Iran.

INTRODUCTION I have received some materials from different parts of the Mediterranean Region and the Middle East, including four new species and several records which broaden our knowledge of the distribution of the species. I am using the same terminology as in MEINANDER (1972) for the genitalia and wing venation. What has been recently discovered of the distribution of the species is summarised in MEINANDER (1990). The following abbreviations are used in the figures: gs: gonarcus, hy: hypandrium, mai: median apical incision of hypandrium, p: penis, pa: paramere, pd: processus dorsalis of paramere, pl: processus lateralis of hypandrium, pt: processus terminalis of hypandrium, and sty: stylus.

MATERIALS The investigated material is deposited in the following institutions: CAS: California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA. CNC: Canadian national collection of , Ontario, Canada. IARO: Israel Agricultural Research Organisation, The Volcani Center, Institute for Protection, Dagan, Israel. ISNB: Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Bruxelles, Belgium. 24 MEINANDER, M.

MZH: Finnish Museum of Natural History, Zoological Museum, Helsinki, Finland.

RESULTS Aleuropteryx iberica Monserrat, 1977 Known from Spain and Morocco. Specimen examined: MOROCCO, Cascades d'ouzoud, 1.068 m, 1981-VI- 04, 1 9 E.S. Ross (CAS). Aleuropteryx umbrata Zeleny, 1964 Known from Southeast Europe, Asia minor and Israel. Specimen examined: ISRAEL, Ilanot (Coastal Plain), 1985-IX- 18, on Laurus nobilis, 1 0, 1 Q J. Halperin (IARO). Aleuropteqx arabica Meinander, 1977 The present specimen agrees completely in its wing venation and genitalia with the holotype, of which the antennae were broken. In this specimen the antennae are dark, the scape and pedicel about twice as long as broad. The ventral spine on the pedicel is slightly distal of the middle of pedicel and strong. The median segments of flagellum are about twice as long as broad, and distal segments shorter. Length of antenna 1.3 mm, of fore wing 1.9 mm and of hind wing 1.6 mm. Known from Saudi Arabia and Yemen. Specimen examined: OMAN, Wadi Ghul, 23" 14'N 57"09'E, 1.650 m, 1990- XI-01, 1 0 M. D. Gallagher & J. C. Deeming (CNC).

Aleuropteryx ressli Rausch, Aspock & Ohm, 1978 Known from Iran. Specimen examined: IRAN, Rijab, 1994-VI-10, 2 06' Mir-Moayedi (MZH). (Ohmopteryx) pseudolutea Ohm, 1965 Known from central and south Europe, North Africa, Asia Minor, Caucasus, Iraq and Iran. Specimen examined: IRAN, Ridjab, 1994-VI-10, 1 0 Mir-Moayedi (MZH).

Nimboa ressli Aspock & Aspock, 1965 New to Israel, recorded from Lebanon and Turkey. Specimen examined: ISRAEL, Lower Gallilee, Yavniel, 1991-VIII- 13, on Zizyphus spina-christi 1 0 J. Halperin (IARO).

Nimboa vartianorum Aspock & Aspock, 1965 New to Iran, recorded from Egypt, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia and the Sudan. Specimens examined: IRAN, Ridjab, 1994-VII-10,2 06' Mir-Moayedi (MZH). Coniopterygidae Mediterranean Region and Iran 25

Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteiyx) venustula Rausch & Aspock, 1978 MONSERRAT (1996) states that C. (X.) deserta described by MEINANDER (1979) from Saudi Arabia is conspecific with C. (X.) venustula. MEINANDER stated that C. (X.) deserta was very similar to C. (X.) venustula but lacks scale- like hairs on the flagellar segments. Recorded from Iran, Yemen, Oman and Sri Lanka. Specimens examined: IRAN, Gazir, 1997-111-18, 5 00 Mir-Moayedi (MZH).

Conioptelyx (Xeroconiopteryx)f u r c a t a Meinander, sp.n. Type: 0,holotype: ISRAEL: Negev (MZH). Diagnosis of male: Gonarcus somewhat bifurcate. Hypandrium without any processus and median apical incision.

Fig. 1. Male genitalia of Coniopterjx furcata, A: External terminalia, lateral view; B: Ditto, caudal view; C: Internal genitalia, lateral view; D: Ditto, ventral view; E: Hypandrium and gonarcus, ventral view..

Description of male: Head dark brown, 0.30 mm high. Eyes large, 1.18 mm high and blackish. Frons and palpi normal. Antennae dark fuscous, broken, 25 and 23 segments left. Scape about as long as broad. Pedicel about 1.5 times as long as broad, 26 MEINANDER, M. without scale-like hairs. Basal flagellar segments almost two times as broad as long, distal segments about as long as broad. Two whorls of ordinary hairs and a distal whorl of scale-like hairs on the flagellar segments. Thorax with distinct shoulder spots. Membrane of wings light fuscous. No cross vein between R4+5 and M in hind wing. Length of fore wing 2.2 mm, of hind wing 1.7 mm. Genitalia, figs. 1A-E: Hypandrium in lateral view slightly higher than long. Apodeme along anterior margin ventrally discontinued. No processus lateralis or processus terminalis or median apical incision. Gonarcus basal rather narrow, caudal somewhat bifurcated, ventrally ending in a finger-like projection dorsal of which is a setous rounded part. Styli basally broad, forming a bridge below the aedeagus. Parameres with a long processus dorsalis, about whose middle is a small tooth on the frontal margin. Penis with two parallel sclerotized narrow rods.

Discussion: C. furcata can perhaps be included in the C. (X.) loipetsederi group sensu MEINANDER (1981), easily separated from the other species by the bifurcate gonarcus. In contrast to the other species of the group, the frontal apodeme of the hypandrium in C. furcata is ventrally discontinuous. C, furcata is very similar to C. ressli Rausch & Aspock, 1977 in the bifurcate gonarcus and the discontinuous apodeme of the hypandrium. MEINANDER (1981) referred C. ressli to the C. aegyptiaca group, which is characterised e.g. by two whorls of scale-like hairs on the flagellar segments. This is not the case in C. furcata and nothing is stated in the description of C. ressli about the hairs of the antenna. Obviously, C, ressli should not be associated with the C. aegyptiaca group. C. furcata can easily be distinguished from C. ressli by the structure of the parameres. Specimen examined: ISRAEL, Negev, Nahal. Zihor, 1991-XI-08, on Acacia gerrardii negevensis, 0,holotype, J. Halperin (MZH).

Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) h a s t a t a Meinander, sp.n. Type: 0, holotype. IRAN, Gazir (MZH).

Diagnosis of male: No scale-like hairs on flagellar segments. Gonarcus ending in a long acute inwards and downwards directed finger like projection. Hypandrium of male with very long and narrow processus laterales, which basally have a branched apophysis.

Description of male: Head ochreous brown. Frons and palpi normal. Antennae dark, 29- segmented, 1.5 mm. Scape about one and a half times as long as broad, pedicel almost twice as long as broad, flagellar segments about as long as broad. Flagellar segments with two whorls of ordinary hairs, a ventral seta but with no scale-like hairs. Coniopterygidae Mediterranean Region and Iran

Fig. 2. Male genitalia of Cor~iopreyxhastata, A: External terminalia, lateral view; B: Ditto, caudal view: C: Internal genitalia, lateral view; D: Ditto. ventral view; E: Hypandrium, ventral view.

Thorax with very distinct shoulder spots. Membrane of wings fuscous. In hind wing no cross-vein R-M but one M-Cu. Length of fore wing 1.9 mm, of hind wing 1.3 mm. Male genitalia, figs. 2A-E: Hypandrium in lateral view almost triangular, being dorsally very narrow. Apodeme along anterior margin ventrally complete. Processus laterales forming a very long and narrow, basally with a branched apophysis. Almost no processus terminales and a very shallow median apical incision. Gonarcus basally broad, dorsally with a wart-like hairy structure, ventrally ending in a long finger like downwards and inwards directed projection. Styli basally broad and somewhat twisted, forming a bridge below the aedeagus. Parameres rather narrow, smoothly curving upwards forming caudally a very narrow processus dorsalis, ventral of which is a spine-like downwards directed projection, of about half the length of processus dorsalis. Penis with two somewhat laterally flattened sclerotized curved rods. 28 MEINANDER, M.

Discussion: C, hastata can be included in the C. (X.) loipetsederi group sensu MEINANDER (1981). Like C. deserta and C. perisi it lacks scale-like hairs of the flagellar segments. The processus lateralis of the hypandrium is much longer and more acute than in any other species of the group. Specimen examined: IRAN Gazir, 1994-111- 18, 0,holotype (MZH).

Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) i s r a e 1 e n s i s Meinander, sp.n. Type: 0,holotype, ISRAEL, Dead Sea area (MZH).

Diagnosis of male: Gonarcus below the longitudinal apodeme with a membranous plate. Hypandrium twice as high as broad, with prominent narrow processus laterales, which have ventral inner membranous plate which ends in a dorsal spine.

Fig. 3. Male genitalia of Conioptetyx israelensis, A: External terminalia. lateral view: B: Ditto, caudal view; C: Internal genitalia, lateral view; D: Ditto, ventral view; E: Hypandrium, ventral view.

Description of male: Head dark brown, 0.30 mm high. Eyes large , 0.18 mm high and blackish. Frons and palpi normal. Antennae 28-segmented, dark fuscous. Scape about as Coniopterygidae Mediterranean Region and Iran 29 long as broad. Pedicel about 1.5 times as long as broad, with a distal whorl of scale-like hairs. Basal flagellar segments about twice as broad as long, distal segments about as long as broad. Two whorls of ordinary hairs and a distal whorl of scale-like hairs on flagellar segments. Thorax with distinct shoulder spots. Membrane of wings light fuscous. No cross-vein in hind wing between R4+5 and M. Length of fore wing 1.9 mm, of hind wing 1.6 mm. Genitalia, figs. 3A-E: Hypandrium in lateral view almost twice as high as long. Apodeme along anterior margin complete. Processus lateralis in lateral view long, narrow and tapering towards the tip, in caudal view with a membranous ventral part which innermost ends in a spine. No processus terminales or median apical incision. Gonarcus almost triangular with a median longitudinal apodeme, ventral of which is a membranous plate. Styli basally broad, forming a bridge below the aedeagus. Parameres with a prominent processus dorsally, which medially has a short tooth on the frontal margin, dorsal of which the processus is spinous. Penis with two laterally flattened downwards curved sclerotized rods.

Discussion: C. israelensis can be included in the C. (X.) loipetsederi group sensu MEINANDER (1981). Distinct characters for C. israelensis are the membranous structures ventral of gonarcus and processus lateralis of hypandrium. From the rather similar C. (X.) mucrogonarcuata is distinguished by the long acute processus lateralis of hypandrium. Specimen examined: ISRAEL, Dead Sea area, Kalia, 1991 -XI-0 1, on Suaeda asphaltica, 0,holotype, J. Halperin (MZH). Coniopteyx (Xeroconiopteryx) loipetsederi Aspock, 1963 Known from south Europe and Algeria. Specimen examined: ITALY, Sardegna, Tempio Cusseddo, 1978-VII-31- VIII-07, I 0 (ISNB). Coniopteyx (Xeroconiopteryx) mucrogonarcuata Meinander, 1979 ZAKHARENKO (1988) described C. (X.) balkhasica from Kasakhstan, the drawings of which are very superficial. It is very probable that it is conspecific with C. mucrogonarcuata. In my drawings (MEINANDER 1979, fig. 5), the gonarcus in lateral view is rather triangular and continues inwards in a long acute spine. In the present specimen (figs. 4A-B), the gonarcus in lateral view is longer and basally more narrow as in the drawings of C. balkhasica. I do anyway think that the specimens from the Arabian peninsula are conspecific, but do not want to synonymise C. balkhashica as I have not investigated the type. MONSERRAT & al. (1990:108) mention that the species is probably conspecific with C. kerzhneri Meinander, 197 1, which has been recorded from Spain, North Africa, Kazakhstan, Usbekistan and Mongolia. 30 MEINANDER. M.

Fig. 4. Male genitalia of Conioptery.~nzLicrogonarcuara, A: External terminalia, lateral view; B: Ditto. caudal view; C: Internal genitalia, lateral view; D: Ditto, ventral view: E: Hypandriurn, ventral view.

A drawing of the male genitalia of the present specimen is given, figs. 4A-E. Recorded from Saudi Arabia (MEINANDER, 1979), Yemen (MONSERRAT, 1996) and Morocco (MONSERRAT et al., 1990). Specimen examined: OMAN, Wadi Ghul 23O14'N 57"09'E, 1990-XI-01, 1 d, M. D. Gallagher & J. C. Deeming (CNC).

Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) unicef Monserrat, 1996 The species was described from Yemen by MONSERRAT (1996). The hypandrium of this species differs so much from all the other species of Xeroconiopteryx, so it cannot be included it in any of the species groups recognised by MEINANDER (198 1). Specimen examined: IRAN, Gazir, 1994-111-18, 1 d (MZH).

Coniopteryx (Xeroconioptetyx) unguigonarcuata Aspock & Aspock, 1968 New to the Arabian peninsula, recorded from Kazakhstan and Mongolia. Specimens examined: OMAN, Wadi Ghul 23O14'N 57"09'E, 1.650 m, 1990- XI-Ol,2 dd M. D. Gallagher & J. C. Deeming (CNC), 1 d (MZH).

Coniopteryx (Holoconiopteryx) dram~nontiRousset, 1964 Known from south Europe, Morocco, Turkey and Rep. Georgia. Coniopterygidae Mediterranean Region and Iran 3 1

Specimen examined: ITALY, Sardegna, Tempio Cusseddo, 1978-VII-31 -VIII- 07, 1 0 (ISNB). Coniopteryx (Metaconiopteryx) lentiae Aspock & Aspock, 1964 New to Iran, recorded from Europe and the Middle East. Specimens examined: ITALY, Sardegna, Tempio Cusseddo, 1978-VII-31- VIII-07, 1 0 (ISNB); IRAN, Ridjab, 1994-VI-10, 2 00, Mir-Moayedi (MZH); ISRAEL, Coastal Plain, 4 00, 14 QQ,J. Halperin (IARO). Hemisemidalis kasyi Aspock & Aspock, 1965 New to Iran, recorded from Afghanistan, Lebanon, Yemen and Saudi Arabia. Specimen examined: IRAN, Ridjab, 1994-VII- 10, 1 0 Mir-Moayedi (MZH). psocifornzis Curtis, 1834 The records of Conwelztzia from Israel by BODENHEIMER (1937) have to be checked concerning the species determination. Known from Europe, north Africa, Turkey, Rep. Georgia, Cyprus, Israel, Canada and U.S.A. Specimens examined: ISRAEL, Lower Galilee, Coastal Plain, Ashdod (s), on Ficus sycomorus, 1991-VI-08, 2 00, 1 9 J. Halperin; Q. Ono, on Dunica granatum, 1991-X-01, 1 Q J. Halperin, Mt. Hermon 1.350 m, on Quercus boissieri, 1992-VI-12, 1 Q J. Halperin (MZH).

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The following persons are acknowledged for kindly lending or donating the material: Bob Skidmore (CNC), J. Halperin (IARO), Mir Moayedi, College of Agriculture, Kermanshah, Iran and Mrs C. Fassotte (ISNB).

REFERENCES

BODENHEIMER, F. S., 1937. Prodromus Faunae Palaestinae, Memoires Institut d'Egypte 33:l-286. MEINANDER, M.. 1972. A revision of the Coniopterygidae (Planipennia), Acta Zoologica Fennica 136: 1-357. MEINANDER, M., 1979. Insects of Saudi Arabia. Neuroptera: Fam. Coniopterygidae, Fa~inaof Saudi Arabia I :334-341. MEINANDER, M., 1981. A review of the Coniopteryx (Neuroptera, Coniopterygidae), Annales Ei~tomologiciFennici 47:97-110. MEINANDER, M., 1990. The Coniopterygidae (Neuroptera, Planipennia). A check-list of the species of the world, descriptions of new species and other new data, Actcz Zoologica Fennica 189: 1-95. MONSERRAT, V. J., 1996. Nuevos datos sobre 10s Coniopterigidos de Yemen (Neuroptera: Coniopterygidae), Annuli del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "G. Doria" 41: 1-26. MONSERRAT, V. J., DIAZ-ARANDA, L. M., and HijLZEL, H., 1990. Contribuci6n a1 conocimiento de 10s NeurBpteros de Marruecos (Insecta, Neuropteroidea), Eos 66: 101-11.5. ZAKHARENKO, A. V., 1988. New and little-known dustywings (Neuroptera, Coniopterygidae) from Kasakhstan and Middle Asia. (In Russian). Zoologieski Jurnal68:1248-1250.

Received: 10.IV.1997 Accepted: 12.1X.1997 Bibliography of the

Bibliography of the Neuropterida Reference number (r#): 9228

Reference Citation: Meinander, M. 1998 [1998.06.30]. Coniopterygidae (Neuroptera) from the Mediterranean region and Iran. Journal of Neuropterology 1:23-31.

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