C Amazing ple assume. Its body uses the fat with fat, notwater as somepeo shoes. or apairof even munchcactus plant onathorny mouths are so tough that they can they caneat almost anything. Their andother plants,main diet is grass Van Nostrandp. 138).Although their Animal Encyclopedia. 1972.Vol. 13. close to five thousand years (Grzimek’s have workedfor closelywithhumans expertly designed for desert life and East. the Middle desertsof in the hotdry family Camelidae. now Bothkinds live dromedary camel, trian camel,andthelarger one hump camels, the two humped Bac- of kinds in Biblical times. Bible The notes two indicating their central importance Bible mentions camelsover 60 times, people. The a giftto generationsof the desert and are the workhorse of Volume 40/3 Its eighty-pound hump is filled is hump eighty-pound Its Dromedary camelsare mammals animals known tohumans. They amazing themost amels are oneof November
Dromedary 2013 Camel The Camelus dromedarius, - Bergman Jerry By eur eea or fspaced drink- require several of hours after onlyabout ten minutes. Humans water its stomach empties of gallons immediately. After drinking twenty almost body skinny its changing flesh, cellsthat makeupits manybillions of camels have swallowed travels to the the water minutes most of matter of itsbody.to every Ina other part of vessels the water toabsorbandcarry ach, allowing its blood stom- its into travels first journey. continue on their desert p. 143). They canthen 1972, (Grzimek, minutes a four hundredcan carry pound load a it day eight-hour an In 314). p. Gale Animal Encyclopedia. (Grzimek’s 2004.Vol. 15.Thomas- world Arab the acrossthe hot barren desertof sands riods without food, enabling it to travel stored inthe hump tosurvive longpe In camelsthe water desert. the water lost inaday spent in the ing before they canreplace all of water in about ten ten buckets full of (135 liters) – about water of gallons to twenty-seven water hole, theyup will drink pp. 1972, 141-142). After camels reach a (Grzimek, skin its tent, its ribs now show through cells have lost their water con- of itsbillions Because manyof comes very thinandboney. 220 pounds. Asa result, it be causing it to lose asmuch as dayswithout drinkingwater, its healthy size. hump soonbuilds up back to to consume food the again, ing the desert, when itbegins for water or food. After cross desert without stoppingonce hundred miles across a hot,dry A camel can survive for eight Creation Science Continued on PageContinued 6 - - - Animal TailsAnimal as scorpion tails, contain venom. contain tails, as scorpion such others, armored, are tails species’ Some danger. of possible others to warn tails of their underside white the flash species deer Some tail. the studying byjust dog’sa mood tell can they claim lovers Dog tails. their of movement by and sitioning including po by both emotions indicate dogs, canids, domestic All disappointments. and convey wants,feelings, mood, friendship, their to tails their wagging by well quite municate com which of most dogs, of that is tail talking a of example best The state. emotional and away sweep to indispensable are ephants, el and cows, giraffes, lions, zebras, horses, ahead. with tail long avery actually are Snakes swim. not could whale the it, Without water. the through rapidly whale propels bus-sized the fluke The 24). p 2011, (Fielding, do tails fish as side to side of instead down and up moves which fluke, a called is tail whale’s A world. watery their through glide smoothly to them enable to der as a and rud function force locomotive a provide they forms life marine other and fish to as tails. referred sometimes ages append tail-like have slugs and snails Even havetails. springtails, and scorpions including invertebrates, some although vertebrates, of and reptiles, birds. Tails a feature are primarily mammals, in coccyx the to roughly responds cor that part body the is It body. animal’s an Wonder ToolsWonder Animals Wonder for A Tails are also used for social signaling. signaling. social for used also are Tails as such animals, grazing of tails The For functions. numerous have tails Animal tached to the torso of the rear section of section rear the at of torso appendage the to flexible tached distinct, a is tail Continued on Page 2 Page on Continued animal’s physical physical animal’s an communicate effectively to used 2011, p. 7). (Fielding, swatter fly a to similar end a the at tuft fur thick with thin and long usually are they tails, swatter fly- Called them. bother that insects Tails are also also are Tails -
Bergman Jerry By Publication Mail Reg.
------40013654 ISSN 0229-253X
Animal Tails Wonder Tools for Wonder Animals
Some animals, including kangaroos, curl around themselves use their tails as a third leg to sit on while in cold weather to help Volume 40 / # 3 / Fall 2013 competing for mates, to munch on leaves stay warm and keep ------on tall branches, and to help them balance dry (Fielding, 2011, p. Creation Science Dialogue is a while carrying their joey’s (babies). Others, 15). Some animals, quarterly publication of the such as New World monkeys and opos- such as squirrels and Creation Science Association of sums, have prehensile tails that allow them cats, clean and groom Alberta (CSAA). to swing from one tree branch to another, their tail by running Its purpose is to discuss the hanging only by their hand like tail that can their front teeth through creation model of origin firmly grip tree branches. They also can the fur, similar to how in terms of scientific details. anchor to a small tree branch while they humans use a comb or Subscription for 1 year $8.00 sleep on a larger tree branch (Fielding, 2011, brush to prep their hair. ------p. 10). Some animal lovers have nominated the chame- Return undeliverable Many other primates have tails, including le- leon as having the most beautiful tails in the animal Canadian addresses to: murs, which they can use as an extra hand to hold kingdom. They can tightly coil up their very colorful PM 40013654 on to their mother––or to branches, to help them jewel like tails, and then, like a whip, spring them Creation Science Dialogue balance while transversing the arboreal world, or open to threaten any provokers that happen to wan- even to help them obtain food (Fielding, 2010, p. der by. Creation Science 11). Human embryos have a misnamed tail that is Association of Alberta The tails of some animals are used to keep the about one-sixth of the size of the embryo itself. 5328 Calgary Trail herd from separating as they travel. Elephants will As the embryo develops into a fetus, the growing Suite 1136, Edmonton, Alberta hold on to each other’s tails when they travel long body catches up with the tail. This tail-like structure T6H 4J8 distances to help insure the herd stays together was long claimed to be a vestigial structure, but we ------(Fielding, 2011, p. 7). The young on many animals know that it has an important function. The long tail- such as elephants hold their mother’s tail when they like structure exists because the nervous system, feel stressed or threatened. including the brain and spinal chord, develop first Other Creation Science Associations Some lizard species can detach their tails from to help coordinate the development of other body (see also www.creationinfo.com) their bodies (called “casting”) to escape predators. systems. Once detached, their predators are either distract- Children are occasionally born with a “soft s Creation Science of ed by the wriggling detached tail, or are left with tail,” that lacks vertebrae, but has blood vessels, Saskatchewan Inc. only the tail while the lizard flees to safety. Tails cast muscles, and nerves. Although a few documented P.O. Box 26 in this manner usually soon grow back, though the cases of “tails” exist containing cartilage, or even Kenaston, SASK. S0G 2N0 replacement tail is typically darker in color than the up to five vertebrae, these examples are all devel- original. opmental abnormalities and are normally excised s Creation Science Association The tails of most birds end in long feathers called by a surgeon. of British Columbia (B.C.) rectrices that are used as a rudder to help the bird The claim that humans lost their tails, although P.O. Box 39577, RPO White maneuver when in flight. Without these long, spe- commonly made, does not make sense in view of Rock, Surrey, BC. V4A 0A9 cially designed tail feathers, they would be unable the fact that the relevant structure exists only as a to fly. Their tails also function as brakes by moving platform for the development of an essential part of s Creation Ministries them forward, then spreading them out to act as the body. The beauty of the situation is that we do International a windbreaker. The extra-stiff tail feathers of other not need a tail to help us balance or function as a 300 Mill Street, Unit 7 birds, including woodpeckers and woodcreepers, third arm, or communicate. We have been provided Kitchener, ONT, N2M 5G8 allow them to with better features to allow us to do all the tasks brace them- that tails do so well for many animals. s Creation Science Association of selves firmly Quebec against tree References Albright, Eric. 2005. “Human Fetuses have Tails, Proving CP63, Succ. Youville trunks to en- that Evolution is True. 7/5/2005. http://fredericksburg.com/ Montreal, Quebec, H2P 2V2 able them to News/FLS/2005/072005/07052005/109580 peck wood. D’Aulaire, Emily and Per Ola D’Aulaire. “The Wonderful s Institute for Creation Their tails Anti-Ant Machine.” International Wildlife, 9(6):24-30, November- December. Research also help the Dagg, Anne Innis. 1979. “Behind Almost Every Animal is 1806 Royal Lane bird to bal- a Good Tail.” International Wildlife, 9(6):18-23, November-De- Dallas, TX. 75229 ance while cember. Fielding, Beth. 2011. Animal Tails. Waynesville, NC: Ear- perched. In s Creation Research Society some species—suchas birds of paradise, lyrebirds lyLight Books. Herman, T. E. and M J Siegel. 2008. “Human Tail–Caudal Van Andel Center and, most notably, peafowl—modified tail feathers Appendage: Tethered Cord.” 6801 North Highway 89 play a role in courtship displays. Journal of Perinatology, 28:518–519. Chino Valley, AZ. Some animals, such as squirrels and skunks, Zappler, Lisbeth (author) and Jean Zallinger (illustrator). 86323 - 9186 have large ostentatious bushy tails that they can 1972. The Natural History of the Tail. Garden City, NY: Double- day. ------Visit us at 2 - Creation Science Dialogue - FALL 2013 www.create.ab.ca New DVD Most exciting yet!
Illustra Media has produced many excellent DVDs, but the in Proceedings of the National Academy last one Flight: the Genius of Birds is one of their most awe- of Sciences (vol. 107 #5 pp. 2078- some! It is certainly one that will appeal to entire families. While 2081). Carsten the previously released Metamorphosis (dealing with butter- Egevang, the flies) provides amazing scenes and discussion, Flight not only man who de- provides wonderful photography, but also discussion which is eas- scribes the re- ily understood by all. Moreover, even if one could not understand search for us a word of the commentary, the scenes of birds in flight and the on the DVD, graphics still convey a powerful message. with fascinating Good Association producers of the film Drs. Paul Nelson and Tim- video clips, is DVD othy Standish provide the bulk of the commentary. Dr. Nelson also the lead au- introduces the whole topic with a reference to his own father, an thor of the scientific 4 aeronautical engineer, who used to remark: “If something works, paper. it is not happening by chance!” This is something to keep in mind Dr. Egevang as we learn about the design features of birds which enable them describes how, in to fly (just as the design features of aircraft enable them to fly and July 2007, his team captured not to crash!) 50 birds at a nesting colony on Firstly the DVD focuses on embryology, the development of Greenland. To each one they birds in the egg. We are shown an amazing series of real time attached tiny light loggers (geo- and time lapse video clips of developing chicken eggs. Next, in locators) to plastic leg rings. logical sequence, we encounter scenes of young birds learning to The next year they managed to fly. We are informed that the entire biology of birds is dedicated re-capture 10 of these birds (an to their capacity for flight. It seems that the instinctive know-how amazing accomplishment) and is rooted in their genetics. Moreover the arrangement of bones, even more amazing, for 9 of their hollow design (reinforced with girders and struts) and the the birds, the tiny retrieved re- arrangement of muscles (attached at unexpected angles to the corders each provided an entire bones) all are essential for flight. year’s worth of data concerning One of the most amazing birds is the humming bird which, where the birds had been. The records demonstrated that many unusually for birds, can hover in mid-air, and fly backwards as of the birds followed the African coastline heading south to Ant- well as forwards. These birds need lift all the time, not just on the arctica, and the coast of the Americas when heading north. Some down-stroke of the wing, and they have special design features to birds however traced a figure 8 in their choice of route. It is an accommodate this. amazing coupe, to hear from the lead researcher on this interest- We are next treated to a mid-air ballet, the swooping dance ing recent project! of up to 300,000 starlings in England. These flying flocks, called In their concluding commentary, Drs. Nelson and Standish murmurations, never collide as their flocks merge and separate in declare that birds represent engineering marvels and works of art endlessly changing flight patterns. -- and we know where engineering and art come from! Thus “the One of the most interesting discussions is the annual migra- biology and behaviours of flying birds offer some of the most tions of the Arctic tern. This small long-lived bird demonstrates compelling evidence for supernatural intelligence, design and the longest regular migratory route (about 71,000 km annually) purpose to be found anywhere in nature.” of any animal. The report of a research program to establish Filmed on 3 continents, and featuring dramatic scenes of birds the details of these bird flights was published in February 2010 in flight, this 62 minute DVD is certain to delight all viewers.
Creation Science Dialogue - FALL 2013 - 3 One More Use for DNA
By Margaret Helder
ver the last decade, everything has become digital. We sugar molecules joined by phosphate groups. Each sugar don’t capture images on film anymore, but in digital molecule has attached to it one or other of four small nitro- Ofiles. We don’t send letters, we send email messages. gen carrying molecules called nucleotides. The order of the We don’t buy books, we download documents to an e-read- nucleotides along the DNA chain, determines the informa- er. Every organization has a website. Information is at our tion which the molecule carries. It is also a feature of DNA fingertips, but the whole system is extremely fragile. that it can be exactly copied endless times. This is because The problems with our digital storage technologies are of the way the nucleotide bases fit together. DNA therefore twofold. The data don’t last once they have been laid down is a system which stores and uses digital data. and must be transferred to keep them fresh, while the tech- Turning back to human technology, everyone agrees nology for storage and reading keeps changing. An amus- that we need a high density storage medium for data, one ing example of this is NASA, which in the early 2000s, that can be preserved for long periods of time under easily found that it was unable to access data from the space pro- achieved conditions, and one with a proven track record gram of the 1960s and 1970s. So there they were, scour- as a bearer of information. According to all these criteria, ing internet auction sites to find second hand eight-inch DNA is a proven winner. This molecule easily stores 2.2 floppy drives which could read their priceless data. Simi- million gigabytes of data per gram of DNA, the equiva- lar events of loss or near loss happen all the time. In 2009 lent of about 468,000 DVDs in a tiny speck of material. when Yahoo! closed their GeoCities server, a huge amount This is superlative information storing capacity! The Large of data was lost, perhaps “the most amount of history in Hadron Collider in Switzerland, for example, generates the shortest amount of time, certainly on purpose, in living about 15 million gigabytes of data per year. With this stor- memory.” Nobody seemed to notice, but if these had been age capacity of DNA, storage space should be no trouble at paper documents which were lost from a library, the outcry all! As to conditions required for best storage, it seems that would have been anguished indeed. The take home lesson dry storage at room temperature works perfectly fine. The is that as a digital society, we need better systems to store molecules should remain stable for thousands of years, if and read data. In view of this, some scientists have turned required. their attention not to a new system, but to a tried and true The remaining issue is what kind of promise does DNA system, much better than modern devices. Enter DNA to provide for storing our digital recordings, images, text etc. the discussion. And how do we extract the information once it has been Inside every living cell, there are long strands of a mol- stored in DNA? These are issues that occupy the attention ecule called DNA, which carry information. This informa- of some scientists today. A further concern of course is the tion determines how the creature develops from a single economics of the technique. In August 2012, three scien- cell, and how the creature will function when mature. This tists/bioengineers at Harvard’s Medical School, published molecule, first described in 1953, consists of a chain of an account of how they stored the entire text (53,000 words
4 - Creation Science Dialogue - FALL 2013 and 11 digital images) of a genetics text in DNA code. An shipped the dried material at ambient temperature (with- inkjet printer embedded the chemically synthesized DNA out any specialized packing), from the USA to Germany onto the surface of a tiny glass chip. Later they re-suspend- via the UK. In Germany the 117 nucleotide long strings of ed the DNA in liquid, and fed it into a DNA sequencing DNA were read by machine and converted back into their machine after which a computer translated the coded in- original formats. formation into English text. And there it was! The text of This study involved only 739 kilobytes of data. How- the book restored, with only an error rate of 2 errors per ever an interesting part of the discussion was economic. million bits. Since in digital code, there are 8 bits per char- At commercial rates, the DNA storage method costs about acter or letter, this translated into only a few single-letter $12,400 per megabyte stored and a further $220 per mega- typos in the whole book. Not too bad a record! byte of data read from the system. In a world where What the scientists did to convert the book’s the Large Hadron Collider, for example, generates text into DNA code, was to assign two of the 4 about 15 billion megabytes per year, nobody is nucleotide choices in DNA to represent a 0 in going to pay to store the data in DNA! Howev- the binary code, and the other two nucleotide er if one desired to store the data for an interval choices to represent a 1. Then the English text was of between 600-5000 translated into binary code, and then into the equivalent years, then this tech- in DNA code. To turn this into physical reality, the nique is economic even DNA code was then (metaphorically) chopped into now, since the data very short blocks of code, with information added do not have to be fre- at the end of each short chunk to show where in the quently transferred. If large scheme of things, this piece occurs. Everything costs associated with was just theoretical to this point however. DNA technology fall There are commercial laboratories that are able as expected, within a to piece together (synthesize) short strands of DNA decade, it might be with a specific order of nucleotides . The next step reasonable to store then was to order the synthesizing of about 55,000 data for 50 years different short strands of DNA and to multiply each or more with this of these millions of times as well. These were then method. stored in dry form. Later, to recover the information, The advantag- the DNA sample consisting of all these different strands, es of DNA data was sequenced and read by special machine/computer storage are its systems. It is evident that this is not a cheap extremely high process! density, and Then on February 7, 2012 an article in easy storage re- Nature reported on some improvements quirements (on to the system. One of the main sources a shelf at room of error in retrieving the data in the temperature) and of first study, was when the computer course its permanence. The disadvantages failed to count repeating nucleotides. are the high cost of suitable computer/machine systems Thus in a list like TTTT, the comput- needed to encode the data and later to read it. In addi- er might miss one of the repeats. As a re- tion, accessing the data can be a slow process, depending sult, a large team of scientists devised a coding system on how fancy the machines are and how many are used. where there would be no repeats. The rules seem complex, Also there is no random access memory in this system. One but computers follow whatever rules are programmed into has to decode the whole file, and there is no modifying the them. data once it has been deposited. The team of Goldman and others (including Ewan So our technological society happily seeks to exploit a Birney, ENCODE’s lead analysis coordinator), stored 5 files system which exhibits capacities far, far beyond our pitifully in their DNA sample: all Shakespeare’s sonnets (in ASCII inadequate methods of data storage. A code that stores text), a medium resolution photograph (in JPEG2000 for- information never has, and never will develop by chance. mat), a 26-second recording (MP3 format), and a PDF This God-given system with DNA may help us protect of Watson and Crick’s original brief 1953 paper on the some information for generations to come. Once again, structure of DNA, as well as code which converted the data our technological society borrows designs which God has to base-3 digits (in ASCII text). In a cute stunt, they then provided to us in nature.
Creation Science Dialogue - FALL 2013 - 5 Continued from Page 1 The Dromedaries also have a specially designed nose that retains water. When Even though it loses a large Amazing it exhales, its nose traps the warm, amount of water when in a des- moist air from its lungs and the water ert, its body has several complex Dromedary is absorbed by its nasal membranes. built-in mechanisms to conserve it. Because its nose is cooled, the warm For example, their body tempera- Camel moisture in the air coming from its ture can range from about 34˚C to lungs is changed into liquid water. Its about 41˚C without any ill effects. nose is as much as 10˚C cooler than In humans only four degrees varia- the rest of its body, due to breathing in tion can negatively affect health. hot dry desert air that produces a cool- Its body temperature can increase ing effect as it causes the evaporation up to 40˚C before it begins to per- of the water in its wet nasal passages. spire, saving a great deal of wa- The tiny blood vessels in these mem- ter. Its body temperature can also branes then recycle the water back into drop to 34˚C at night, thus it takes its blood. In contrast to humans, their a much longer time to heat up in urine contains very little water. Rather the day before it needs to perspire, it is a pasty substance about the consis- again saving water (Grzimek, 1972, p. 142). tency of syrup. Humans begin to perspire after only a two-degree or so When windstorms cause sand storms, dromedaries have rise in their body temperature. A camel’s blood normally is special muscles in their nostrils that reduce the opening 94 percent water, as also is humans. But when it is unable to size, thus preventing most sand from entering its nose, but drink, the sun’s heat gradually causes it to lose water from still allowing the camels to take in enough air to survive. Its its blood, and it can safely lose up to 40 percent of the water eyelashes arch down over its eyes like window shades, keep- in its blood without problems. ing both the sand and sun out, but still allowing it to see Human blood must remain very close to 94 percent wa- clearly. Its eyebrows are so thick and bushy that they must ter. If you lose five percent of your normal water, you lose hold their heads high to see the ground. The eyebrows also vision; if ten percent you can no longer hear; if 12 per- shade its eyes from the bright sun. If a grain of sand gets cent your blood becomes as thick as molasses, causing your on its eye surface, an inner eyelid called a nictitating mem- heart to stop (Grzimek, 1972, p. 141). One of the reasons brane automatically wipes the sand off their eyeball. for camel superiority in this area is that the Dromedary’s Dromedaries travel on sand dunes due to their specially red blood cells are not donut shaped like those in most engineered “sand shoes.” Its hooves are wide, and become mammals, but elongated ovals, which allows them to flow even wider when it steps down on the sand. Each foot has more freely when the Camel is dehydrated. Their blood two long bony toes with tough, leathery skin between the cells can also handle large swings in water levels without toes that function like webbed feet to prevent it from sinking rupturing, which is essential for the blood stream’s ability down into the soft, drifting sand. Trooping along at about to store extra water. ten miles per hour, they can carry two or more hundred
6 - Creation Science Dialogue - FALL 2013 pounds as far as one hundred miles in a single day of travel. a camel, requiring, for this evolution story to be valid, radi- Camels have been called the ships of the desert because cal changes including the loss of many structures. of the way they sway from side to side when they trot. The One of the richest sites of mammal fossils in the world reason is that both legs on one side move forward simul- is the John Day Country of central Oregon. In the most taneously, elevating one side, then both legs on the other detailed study of these fossils, Mitchell concluded that the side move forward. This makes the rider feel as if he is in camel fossil remains that have been found in the John Day a rocking chair moving sideways. Some riders actually be- area sediments include: “fossil camel remains for all of the come seasick from the ride. genera from many locations look very similar. The main When camels are about six months old, thick kneepads differences are the sizes of the skulls or bones. The evo- begin to grow on their front legs that help them lower their lutionist taxonomic categories for these fossil camels are close to 1,000 pound body to the ground. Lacking these based on cladistic analyses that tend to exaggerate the taxo- protective pads, their knees would rapidly become sore and nomic importance of minor differences in the skulls, teeth and infected, and they would be unable to lie down. It does not metatarsal bones.” (J. D. Mitchell. 2013. Discovering the Ani- develop thick kneepads from falling on their knees like hu- mals of Ancient Oregon. Leafcutter Press. Chapter 15 p. 193 mans would, but they can fall on their knees because their emphasis in original). tough pads are designed into their knees by its genes One of the oldest camelid fossils ever found, estimated The mating season is fairly short, from February to by evolutionists to be 1.8 to 2.5 millions years old, is “strik- March (Grzimek, 1972, p. 144). After a gestation length of ingly similar to those of today’s” camelids (Merrel, 2013. from 365 to 440 days, they give birth to only one offspring. Prehistoric Alpacas.
Creation Science Dialogue - FALL 2013 - 7 Illustra Media Flight: the Genius of Birds This DVD demonstrates not only the wonderful design of birds in general, but also the richness and variety that we find among these creatures. Filmed on three continents, and featuring dramatic scenes of birds in flight, and interesting discussion, this is certain to appeal to all. DVD/62 minutes $15.00 J Cross a carrier pidgeon with a also...woodpecker and he not only carries messages, but knocks on the door
Institute for Creation Research Tom Hennigan and Jean Lightner Mural Mosaic Guide to Creation Basics The Ecology Book Dinosaur Poster Kit Aimed at everyone, but specifi- A new title in the Wonders of Twenty full colour cards, each cally upper elementary and lower Creation series, this book consid- with individual images of various junior high grades, this book ers mainly different examples dinosaurs in imagined poses from provides a quick but richly illus- of cooperation between un- life, when arranged in a numbered trated overview of creation. Thus like organisms such as a fungus sequence, build a 22 by 27.5 inch we find earth sciences, physical and alga (to form a lichen), or a poster of a dramatic T. rex head. sciences, the life sciences, myths vascular plant and a fungus (my- Have fun with the individual illus- and fallacies connected to Dar- corrhizas). This discussion will trations, the amazing composite, winism, and the foundation to encourage youngsters to look at and with other line drawings on creation. Guaranteed to excite nature with new appreciation the backs of the cards. interest. and informed eyes. 20 cards/Full colour Hard cover/Full colour/117 pages Hardcover/Full colour/92 pages $15.00 $15.00 $15.00 Total order $ . Please fill in order form and mail to: Creation Science Association of Alberta, Add $6.00 for S/H $ . 5328 Calgary Trail, Suite 1136 - Edmonton, Alberta, T6H 4J8 Subscription ($8.00) $ . Name: Donation $ . Address: Total enclosed $ . City: Postal Code/Zip: Please state titles and quantity of books ordered: Free Catalogue $ 0.00 Total $ -
Make cheque or money order payable to: Creation Science Association