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Major Chemical Characteristics of Mesozoic Coast Range Ophiolite in California

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Major Chemical Characteristics of Mesozoic Coast Range Ophiolite in California JOURNAL OF OF THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 1974 VOLUME 2, NUMBER 6 Scientific notes and summaries of investigations in geology, hydrology, and related fields +r U«/ fc/ U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ROGERS C. B. MORTON, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY V. E. McKelvey, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC The Journal of Research is pub­ Correspondence and inquiries concerning the Jour­ 20402. Order by SD Catalog No. lished every 2 months by the U.S. nal (other than subscription inquiries and address JRGS. Annual subscription rate Geological Survey. It contains changes) should be directed to the Journal of Re­ $15.50 (plus $3.75 for foreign mail­ papers by members of the Geologi­ search, Publications Division, U.S. Geological Survey, ing). Single copy $2.75. Make cal Survey and their professional National Center 321, Reston, VA 22092. checks or money orders payable to colleagues on geologic, hydrologic, the Superintendent of Documents. topographic, and other scientific Papers for the Journal should be submitted through Send all subscription inquiries and technical subjects. regular Division publication channels. and address changes to the Superin­ tendent of Documents at the above address. Purchase orders should not be sent to the U.S. Geological Survey The Secretary of the Interior has determined that the publication of this periodical is library. necessary in the transaction of the public business required by law of this Department. Library of Congress Catalog-card Use of funds for printing this periodical has been approved by the Director of the Office No. 72-600241. of Management and Budget through February 11,1975. GEOLOGY -Distribution and occurrence inearths in the thorium veins~o!T Idaho GEOLOGY Major chemical characteristics of Mesozoic Coast Range ophiolite in California GEOLOGY Buddingtonite, j ammonium I " f~~ ' I Palynological applications oL.^ / feldspar, in tljejPhosphoria principal component and ~"~! Formation, southea'sferfT" cluster analyses / v '- Idaho i HYDROLOGY Theleffects of the Hurric'ane\/ r^ \\ GEOLQGYH Agnes fld.od on channel / Barium in hybrid granitoid geometry_a)i"d-sedWent dis-/"' rocks of the southern Snake \ ! GEOLOGY charge of selected^streams Range, Nev. /- -.._ >Rudiditjm-strontium dating of irt Jthe"Susquehanna_Ri^r \ / the jtrondhjemite of Rio Jjasin, Pennsylvan,i-a ~BrazoSrNev*-Mexico,..and_oJ_ the Kroenke Granodiorite, olorado GEOLOGY Ultramafic r&ks/Df the E quadrangle, east- Alaska GEOGRAPHIC INDEX TO ARTICLES See "Contents" for articles concerning areas outside the United States and articles without geographic orientation. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH of the U.S. Geological Survey Vol. 2 No. 6__________ Nov.-Dec. 1974 CONTENTS Abbreviations ......................................................... II GEOLOGIC STUDIES Major chemical characteristics of Mesozoic Coast Range ophiolite in California .................... ............................................ .E.H. Bailey and M. C. Blake, Jr. 637 Ultramafic rocks of the Eagle quadrangle, east-central Alaska ........... H. L. Foster and T. E. C. Keith 657 Barium in hybrid granitoid rocks of the southern Snake Range, Nev. ......... D. E. Lee and W. P. Doering 671 Distribution and occurrence of rare earths in the thorium veins on Hall Mountain, Idaho .............. ..................................... M. H. Staatz, V. E. Shaw, and J. S. Wahlberg 677 Origin of spongy cherts ........................................... .B. M. Madsen 685 Analyses and economic potential of monazite in Liberia ....................... Sam Rosenblum 689 Buddingtonite, ammonium feldspar, in the Phosphoria Formation, southeastern Idaho . .R. A. Gulbrandsen 693 Optical and X-ray crystallographic investigations of strontioginorites .......................... .................................. .A. P. Christian, G. D. Eberlein,andJ. A. Konnert 699 Spectrophotometric determination of vanadium in rutile and in mafic igneous rocks ................. ............................................. John Marinenko and Leung Mei 701 Rubidium-strontium dating of the trondhjemite of Rio Bra/os, New Mexico and of the Kroenke Granodiorite, Colorado ................... Fred Barker, Z. E. Peterman, W. T. Henderson, and R. E. Hildreth 705 Continental depositon of Antarctic tillite indicated by carbon and oxygen isotopes ................. ........................................... D. L. Schmidt and Irving Friedman 711 Redescription of the Early Cambrian Helenia bella Walcott, an appendage of Hyolithes ............... ...................................................... t. L. Yochelson 717 Evidence for the presence of a heart in Paleozoic ostracodes inconclusive ................ .1. G. So/in 723 Palynological applications of principal component and cluster analyses ................ .D.P.Adam 727 Flashing flow in hot-water geothermal wells ............................ Manuel Nathenson 743 HYDROLOGIC STUDIES The effects of the Hurricane Agnes flood on channel geometry and sediment discharge of selected streams in the Susquehanna River basin, Pennsylvania ................................. .J. R. Ritter 753 TOPOGRAPHIC STUDIES Unique cartographic characteristics of ERTS ............................ A. P. Colvocoresses 763 ANNUAL INDEX TO VOLUME 2 Subject ............................................................. 765 Author ............................................................. 770 Recent publications of the U.S. Geological Survey ............................... Inside of back cover ABBREVIATIONS A ............... ampere 1 ................ liter A ............... angstrom Ib ............... pound abs .............. absolute 1m .............. lumen ADP ............. ammonium dihydrogen In ............... logarithm (natural) phosphate log .............. logarithm (common) atm ............. atmosphere M ............... molarity; molar BOD ............ biochemical oxygen (concentration) demand m ............... meter Btu ............. British thermal unit m2 .............. square meter b.y. ............. billion years m3 .............. cubic meter °C .............. degree Celsius m ............... molality; molal cal .............. calorie (concentration ) C.I. ............. color index MA.............. megampere CIPW ............ Cross, Iddings, Pirsson, mA.............. milliampere and Washington mg .............. milligram cm .............. centimeter Mgal ............. million gallons cm3 ............. cubic centimeter mGal ............ milligal coned ............ concentrated mi .............. mile D ............... darcy mi2 .............. square mile d ............... day mi3 .............. cubic mile DDD ............ dichloro-diphenyl- min ............. minute dichloro-ethane ml .............. milliliter DDE ............ dichloro-diphenyl- mm ............. millimeter dichloro-ethylene mmol ............ millimole DOT ............ dichloro-diphenyl- mo .............. month trichloro-e thane mol ............. mole diam ............ diameter mol. wt .......... molecular weight DSDP ............ Deep Sea Drilling mV ............. millivolt Project m.y. ............. million years Eh .............. oxidation-reduction /zg .............. microgram potential nm .............. micrometer emf ............. electromotive force jumho ............ micromho emu ............. electromagnetic unit N ............... normality ERTS ............ Earth Resources Technology nA .............. nanoampere Satellite NASA............ National Aeronautics and eu .............. entropy unit Space Administration eV .............. electronvolt nm .............. nanometer F.D.&C. .......... Food, Drug, and Cosmetic OD .............. outside diameter [dye] P................ poise ft ............... foot PCB ............. poly chlorinated biphenyls ft2 .............. square foot PDB ............. Peedee belemnite ft3 .............. cubic foot pH .............. measure of hydrogen g ............... gram ion activity g ............... gravitational acceleration ppm ............. part per million 7 ............... activity coefficient °/oo ............. part per thousand gal .............. gallon rad .............. radian h ............... hour rms .............. root mean square ID .............. inside diameter s ............... second IDOE ............ International Decade of a ............... population standard Ocean Exploration deviation in. .............. inch SMOW ........... standard mean ocean .1 ............... joule water K ............... kelvin v................ volt keV ............. kiloelectronvolt v/v .............. volume per volume kg .............. kilogram W ............... watt kHz ............. kilohertz w/w ............. weight per weight km .............. kilometer wt .............. weight km2 ............. square kilometer yd3 .............. cubic yard km3 ............. cubic kilometer yr ............... year kV .............. kilovolt Jour. Research U.S. Geol. Survey Vol. 2, No. 6, Nov.-Dec. 1974, p. 637 656 MAJOR CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MESOZOIC COAST RANGE OPHIOLITE IN CALIFORNIA By E. H. BAILEY and M. C. BLAKE, JR., Menlo Park, Calif. t. Sixty-four major element analyses of rocks representative that the Coast Range ophiolite is a fragment of oceanic crust of the Coast Range ophiolite in California were compared with analyses and upper mantle and permit some speculations regarding the of other onland ophiolite sequences and those of rocks from oceanic petrogenesis
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