HERITAGE ASSESSMENT REPORT FIVE PERMISSIVE OCCUPANCY COTTAGES (COTTAGES F, G, H, K and L) ON THE GEORGES RIVER AT ILLAWONG (WEST OF OLD FERRY ROAD)

For

Crown Lands, Sydney NSW Dept. of Primary Industries, Lands

JUNE 2016

180 Darling Street Balmain NSW 2041 PO Box 296 Balmain NSW 2041 T+61 2 9818 5941 F+61 2 9818 5982

E [email protected] ABN 65 074 633 015 Nominated Architect Paul Davies Reg No, 6653

CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND ...... 1 1.1. THE BRIEF ...... 1 1.2. APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY ...... 1 1.3. LIMITATIONS ...... 1 1.4. AUTHOR IDENTIFICATION ...... 1 1.5. OWNERSHIP ...... 1 1.6. DEFINITIONS ...... 2 1.7. ABBREVIATIONS ...... 3 1.8. SITE LOCATION ...... 3 1.9. STATUTORY LISTINGS AND CONTROLS ...... 4 1.10. NON-STATUTORY LISTINGS ...... 5 2.0 HISTORICAL OUTLINE ...... 6 2.1. HISTORICAL SUMMARY ...... 17 2.2. BIBLIOGRAPHY ...... 17 3.0 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION ...... 18 3.1. COTTAGE L ...... 18 3.2. COTTAGE K ...... 24 3.3. COTTAGE H ...... 28 3.4. COTTAGE G ...... 34 3.5. COTTAGE F ...... 38 4.0 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ...... 42 4.1. BASIS OF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ...... 42 4.2. CONCLUSION OF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ...... 47 5.0 ASSESSMENT OF HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE ...... 47 5.1. EXISTING ASSESSMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE ...... 47 5.2. CRITERIA FOR ASSESSING CULTURAL HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE ...... 47 5.3. SUMMARY ANALYSIS OF HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE ...... 53 6.0 CONDITION ...... 53 7.0 CONCLUSION/RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 54 7.1. RECOMMENDED ACTIONS ...... 54

ATTACHMENT 1: SUMMARY INFORMATION ON THE ILLAWONG PERMISSIVE OCCUPANCIES 1931-1946 ATTACHMENT 2: STRUCTURAL ENGINEER’S REPORTS

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FIGURES Cover: Recent satellite photo showing the five cottages on the shores of the Georges River, Illawong, west of Old Ferry Road. Source: NSW Land & Property Information Six Maps Figure 1: Location of the cottages (circled in red) Source: NSW Land & Property Information Six Maps ...... 3 Figure 2: Recent satellite view of the five cottages (circled in red) Source: NSW Land & Property Information Six Maps ...... 3 Figure 3: Close-up recent satellite view of the five cottages, with cottage Numbers marked. Source: NSW Land & Property Information Six Maps, annotations by Paul Davies Pty Ltd...... 4 Figure 4: the five cottages (circled in red). Note adjacent heritage item 0101. Source: Extract of Sutherland LEP 2015 Heritage Map ...... 5 Figure 5: Sketch plan identifying cottages. Source: File MN79H1399 Part 3 ...... 6 Figure 6: Area shown on 1917 Topographical Map...... 7 Figure 7: Area shown on 1933 Topographical Map...... 8 Figure 8: Part of Ms.4549.Md on SIX showing details of Permissive Occupancies along Patonga Creek, parish Patonga, County Northumberland...... 9 Figure 9: Sample Permissive Occupancy card. Source: SRNSW 9/1807 ...... 10 Figure 10: Sample entry in Valuer-General's Field book for Cottage H. Source: SRNSW 11/12805 ...... 11 Figure 11: The map of 3 February 1947 identifying the cottages. Source: MN79H1399 Part 1 ...... 13 Figure 12: Panoramic view of cottages in 1992. Source: MN79H1399 Part 1 ...... 14 Figure 13: Cottage F in 1992. Source: MN79H1399 Part 1 ...... 14 Figure 14: Cottage G in 1992. Source: MN79H1399 Part 1 ...... 15 Figure 15: Cottage H in 1992 Source: MN79H1399 Part 1 ...... 15 Figure 16: Cottage K in 1992. Source: MN79H1399 Part 1 ...... 16 Figure 17: Cottage L in 1992. Source: MN79H1399 Part 1 ...... 16 Figure 18: South elevation and context of Cottage L. Note small outbuildings to the south (left)...... 19 Figure 19: East and south elevations of Cottage L ...... 19 Figure 20: (Left) Detail of east elevation of Cottage L showing problematic footings ...... 20 Figure 21: Detail of east elevation of Cottage L showing broken and patched cladding ...... 20 Figure 22: East (right) and south (left) elevations of Cottage L ...... 21 Figure 23: West elevation of Cottage L. Note modern fencing at right ...... 21 Figure 24: View of Cottage L from the west showing the cottage in context with outbuildings (at right) and fenced yard (at left) ...... 22 Figure 25: Fenced yard area with clothes line to the west of Cottage L ...... 22 Figure 26: Detail of outbuildings in the vicinity of Cottage L ...... 23 Figure 27: West elevation of outbuilding in the vicinity of Cottage L. The view of the access road at left is looking towards the east...... 23 Figure 28: Rubbish strewn area to the west of the Cottage L outbuildings...... 24 Figure 29: View of east and south elevations of Cottage K with green container in vicinity at left ...... 25 Figure 30: Green shipping container to the south of Cottage K ...... 25 Figure 31: Detail of east elevation of Cottage K with “deck” to the east of the cottage ...... 26

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Figure 32: (Left) detail of eastern side of Cottage K ...... 26 Figure 33: The western elevation of Cottage K with unsurfaced “deck” to the west of the cottage ...... 27 Figure 34: Detail of footings to Cottage K. Note Acrow prop (centre) to support deck without flooring...... 27 Figure 35: (Left) rubbish strewn area to the south of Cottage K ...... 28 Figure 36: Cottage H from the east with modern fencing, deck and skillion to the eastern side. Note enclosed verandah with flat roof over the river at right, shed at left ...... 29 Figure 37: Remnants of either a swimming enclosure or jetty footing to the east of Cottage H ...... 29 Figure 38: Detail of concrete piers and Acrow props beneath the northern end of Cottage H ...... 30 Figure 39: (Left) eastern elevation, northern end, Cottage H ...... 30 Figure 40: (Left) west elevation of Cottage H. Note green roof over deck to eastern side of Cottage G at left...... 31 Figure 41: Interior of enclosed verandah of Cottage H which is built over the river on the northern end of the cottage ..... 31 Figure 42: Interior, main room of Cottage H with river verandah at right, Note plywood ceiling and circa 1970s panelling to walls ...... 32 Figure 43: Plywood bedroom ceiling on western side of Cottage H ...... 32 Figure 44: Cottage H South elevation with fibro and plywood clad outbuilding to the south ...... 33 Figure 45: Cottage H: Southern end of west elevatiion (left) with west and north elevations of gabled shed at right ...... 33 Figure 46: Another small outbuilding to the south of Cottage H, south of the access path ...... 34 Figure 47: Cottage G, part of west and south elevations with eastern covered deck ...... 34 Figure 48: Cottage G, Detail of eastern covered deck (Cottage H at right) ...... 35 Figure 49: Cottage G south elevation, with Cottage F in background ...... 35 Figure 50: Cottage G: South and west elevations ...... 36 Figure 51: Cottage G, south and west elevations, showing clay pipes used as piers, brick piers, and Acrow props. Note fibro asbestos roofing...... 36 Figure 52: (Left) Shed to the south of Cottage G ...... 37 Figure 53: Cottage G, east elevation showing clay pipe and brick piers ...... 37 Figure 54: Cottage F, east and south elevations, with metal shed to the east of the cottage at right ...... 38 Figure 55: Cottage F, west elevation showing weatherboard walls, one early timber window framed with an aluminium framed window to the north. Note timber tongue & grooved eaves...... 38 Figure 56: Cottage F, another view of the west elevation. Note fibre cement clad section (at left) at northern end...... 39 Figure 57: View of Cottage F from the west showing western deck area ...... 39 Figure 58: (Left) Detail of timber framed window on the west elevation of Cottage F ...... 40 Figure 59: Cottage F, half brick used to prop up a wall ...... 40 Figure 60: Cottage F interior, timber wall framing and timber tongue & groove ceiling ...... 41 Figure 61: Cottage F interior, timber wall framing and timber tongue & groove ceiling ...... 41 Figure 62: Cottage F, timber ceiling to enclosed verandah on north side (over the water) ...... 42

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1.0 INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND 1.1. THE BRIEF This heritage impact statement (HIS) has been prepared on behalf of Crown Lands, Sydney, NSW Dept. of Primary Industries, Lands, to assess the heritage significance of five (5) permissive occupancy cottages on Crown land on the Georges River at Illawong (west of Old Ferry Road). 1.2. APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY This HIS reviews the relevant statutory heritage controls, assesses the impact of the proposal, makes recommendations as to the level of heritage impact and provides recommendations to mitigate any heritage impacts. The methodology used in this report is in accordance with the principles and definitions set out in the Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter 2013 and its Practice Notes, the guidelines of the NSW Heritage Manual and in accordance with the latest version of The NSW Heritage Division, Office of Environment & Heritage (OEH) Statements of Heritage Impact guidelines. 1.3. LIMITATIONS The site was visited by Chery Kemp, Heritage Specialist and Liz Duck-Chong Photography/Graphics Assistant of Paul Davies Pty Ltd on 3 May 2016. The subject site was inspected and photographed. The inspection was undertaken as a visual inspection only. There was no demolition, opening up or clearing. The historical outline provides background information to provide a broad understanding of the development of the site sufficient to assess the impact of the proposal. Research is sourced from a mix of primary (Sands Directory, Lands Titles) and secondary sources. An archaeological assessment has not been included, as the proposed work does not involve excavation of any original ground levels. 1.4. AUTHOR IDENTIFICATION This report was prepared by Paul Davies Pty Ltd, Architects and Heritage Consultants, 180 Darling St Balmain NSW 2041. This report was authored by Chery Kemp, Heritage Specialist, with historical research undertaken and history written by Dr Terry Kass, Historian sub consultant. 1.5. OWNERSHIP The subject property is in the ownership of Crown Lands, NSW Dept. of Primary Industries, Lands.

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1.6. DEFINITIONS For the purposes of this report Local refers to Bankstown City Council area; and State refers to New South Wales. The following definitions used in this report and are from Article 1: Definitions of The Burra Charter 2013, the Australian ICOMOS Charter for the Conservation of Places of Cultural Significance. Place means a geographically defined area. It may include elements, objects, spaces and views. Place may have tangible and intangible dimensions. Cultural significance means aesthetic, historic, scientific, social or spiritual value for past, present or future generations. Cultural significance is embodied in the place itself, its fabric, setting, use, associations, meanings, records, related places and related objects. Places may have a range of values for different individuals or groups. Fabric means all the physical material of the place including elements, fixtures, contents and objects. Conservation means all the processes of looking after a place so as to retain its cultural significance. Maintenance means the continuous protective care of a place and its setting. Maintenance is to be distinguished from repair which involves restoration or reconstruction. Preservation means maintaining a place in its existing state and retarding deterioration. Restoration means returning a place to a known earlier state by removing accretions or by reassembling existing elements without the introduction of new material. Reconstruction means returning a place to a known earlier state and is distinguished from restoration by the introduction of new material. Adaptation means changing a place to suit the existing use or a proposed use. Use means the functions of a place, including the activities and traditional and customary practices that may occur at the place or are dependent on the place. Compatible use means a use which respects the cultural significance of a place. Such a use involves no, or minimal, impact on cultural significance. Setting means the immediate and extended environment of a place that is part of or contributes to its cultural significance and distinctive character. Related place means a place that contributes to the cultural significance of another place. Related object means an object that contributes to the cultural significance of a place but is not at the place. Associations mean the connections that exist between people and a place. Meanings denote what a place signifies, indicates, evokes or expresses to people. Interpretation means all the ways of presenting the cultural significance of a place.

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1.7. ABBREVIATIONS ICV Improved Capital Value ML Mitchell Library No. Number SRNSW State Records, New South Wales UCV Unimproved Capital Value 1.8. SITE LOCATION The cottages are located on Crown Land on the southern shore of the Georges River at Illawong, west of Old Ferry Road, Illawong, as shown in Figures 1 to 3 below. This location falls within the Sutherland Shire Council area.

Figure 1: Location of the cottages (circled in red) Source: NSW Land & Property Information Six Maps

Figure 2: Recent satellite view of the five cottages (circled in red) Source: NSW Land & Property Information Six Maps

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Figure 3: Close-up recent satellite view of the five cottages, with cottage Numbers marked. Source: NSW Land & Property Information Six Maps, annotations by Paul Davies Pty Ltd. 1.9. STATUTORY LISTINGS AND CONTROLS NSW Heritage Act 1977 The cottages are not included on the State Heritage Register (SHR). Local Environmental Plan The five cottages are heritage listed under Schedule 5: Environmental Heritage, Part 1: Heritage Items, of the Sutherland LEP 2015 (and were previously heritage listed under the Sutherland LEP 2000), with listing details as outlined below. Table 1: Heritage listing details for the 5 cottages, Sutherland LEP 2015 Schedule 5, Part 1 & for adjacent heritage item No. 0101 Suburb Item name Address Property description Significance Item no. Illawong Waterfront house (part of group) Georges River— Lot 531, DP 752034 Local 2022 (including the fibro finishes and the 150m west of Old gabled form) Ferry Road Illawong Waterfront house (part of group) Georges River— MGA Zone 56, Local 2021 (including the estuarine and bush 180m west of Old 318940°E, setting, the gabled form of the building) Ferry Road 6236915°N Illawong Waterfront house (part of group) Georges River— MGA Zone 56, Local 2020 (including the estuarine and bush 215m west of Old 318910°E, setting, the simple form of the building Ferry Road 6236910°N and the wall finishes) Illawong Waterfront house (part of group) Georges River— MGA Zone 56, Local 2019 (including the estuarine and bush 220m west of Old 318895°E, setting, the wall finishes and the sea Ferry Road 6236910°N wall) Illawong Waterfront house (part of group) Georges River— MGA Zone 56, Local 2018 (including the estuarine and bush 240m west of Old 318875°E, setting, the simple gabled form of the Ferry Road 6236910°N building, the finishes, the wall finishes, the fenestration pattern and the sea wall)

The LEP heritage map in Figure 4 below shows the cottages and adjacent landscape heritage item.

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Figure 4: the five cottages (circled in red). Note adjacent heritage item 0101. Source: Extract of Sutherland LEP 2015 Heritage Map

1.10. NON-STATUTORY LISTINGS No National Trust listings have been noted for cottages.

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2.0 HISTORICAL OUTLINE This report discusses the history of five Permissive Occupancies below the high water mark at Illawong, which include dwellings plus other maritime infrastructure. These cottages do not have formal addresses. For the purposes of this report, they will be identified by letters that were used by the Lands Department to identify them on a plan apparently created in the early 1970s. Correspondence in later files identified each cottage by the relevant letter on this plan. There were a number of other cottages on Permissive Occupancies at Illawong, which have disappeared since the map was compiled. The five cottages in this report are the ones that currently survive. The five cottages on the map in Figure 5 below that this report deals with are lettered as F, G, H, K and L (arrowed).

Figure 5: Sketch plan identifying cottages. Source: File MN79H1399 Part 3 The cottages are located below the high water mark along the Georges River in front of a reserve. That Reserve appears to have been part of Reserve 30109, which was awaiting classification in 1913.1 On 12 November 1926, that area became the State Coal Mine Reserve. On 3 November 1961, the area became Reserve 83553 for public recreation. The topographic map of 1917 showed three cottages in this approximate position, but they do not appear to be situated on the shore.2

1 Parish Map, Parish Holsworthy, County Cumberland, 1913 2 Australia, Army, Topographic Maps 1:63360, ML Map M Ser 3 804/3, Zone 8, No 423 Sydney, 1917

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Figure 6: Area shown on 1917 Topographical Map. The 1933 topographic map showed five cottages in this position on the shore but it is likely that they do not represent all of the subject cottages because some were constructed after 1933.3 Normally, the office copies of Parish maps used in the Lands Department offices that have now been digitised and made available online through the SIX website provide basic information about holdings of Crown Land. However, Permissive Occupancies are not recorded consistently on these plans. For some areas, such as Tea Gardens or Patonga, these plans provide some basic information. In the case of the parish of Holsworthy, the notations on the online maps available on SIX provide no useful information.

3 Australia, Army, Topographic Maps 1:63360, ML Map M Ser 3 804/3, Zone 8, No 423 Sydney, 1933

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Figure 7: Area shown on 1933 Topographical Map.

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Figure 8: Part of Ms.4549.Md on SIX showing details of Permissive Occupancies along Patonga Creek, parish Patonga, County Northumberland. Research into the history of these Permissive Occupancies was hampered by the lack of records. From 1907 onwards, the Lands Department maintained a set of Tenure Cards arranged by Land District and by type of tenure. State Records of New South Wales holds a set of cards for Permissive Occupancies ranging from about 1900 to 1941 arranged by name of holder rather than Permissive Occupancy number. However, these cards only cover terminated Permissive Occupancies and those refused or withdrawn.

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These boxes were checked by the names of the holders of the Permissive Occupancies at Illawong but none were found.4 Since the Permissive Occupancies at Illawong do not appear to have been terminated, but were transferred in some cases from one holder to another, it is unlikely that any cards in these boxes relate to an earlier holder of any of these cottages. A copy of a sample card is shown in Figure 9 below to show the type of information available on these cards. It is unfortunate that there are no cards in this series relating to these Permissive Occupancies.

Figure 9: Sample Permissive Occupancy card. Source: SRNSW 9/1807 State Records holds tenure cards (NRS 18096) for every other type of tenure except Permissive Occupancies. It does hold the tenure cards for the Regional Land Boards and Offices (NRS 20761). There were numerous boxes in this series from the Metropolitan Land Office, with no logical arrangement apparent. The tenure cards for the Illawong cottages were eventually located. However, the information on all the tenure cards in these boxes appears to have been inserted about 1980. It included only current information. Very little information prior to that date except the date of holding and purpose for which the Permissive Occupancy was granted was included. Tenure cards always provide basic information about any parcel of Crown land from 1907 onwards until it was alienated from the Crown. I have found in my long experience of using Crown lands records, that the Lands Department had a policy of destroying files regarding Permissive Occupancies once the Permissive Occupancy was terminated. For this reason, the tenure cards were crucial to locating information about Permissive Occupancies at Illawong.

4 NRS 8183, Card Register of Permissive Occupancies, 1920-41, SRNSW 9/1806-12

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Valuation Cards and Lists created by the Valuer-General, from the 1920s onwards were also searched in order to find information about these Permissive Occupancies. Despite numerous volumes checked, the valuations for these cottages could not be located (see bibliography for boxes checked). In addition, the Field books created by the Valuer-General were also searched for information. Fortunately, this research proved successful. It provided early information about these cottages from the 1930s and 1940s but nothing after 1946.

Figure 10: Sample entry in Valuer-General's Field book for Cottage H. Source: SRNSW 11/12805

Hence, there is a gap in data from about 1946 until the current file held by the Lands Office commences about 1973. The Appendices provide a summary of the information contained on those Valuation Field books. On the basis of the information in the Field books, the following conclusions can be drawn. All of the surviving cottages were constructed in the 1930s. A total of 11 cottages were built along this stretch of the Georges River. Three of the five cottages that are the subject of this report were given new Permissive Occupancy Numbers in later years. The cottages involved were F, G, and L. Cottage H had the Permissive Occupancy Number 03/410, which it retained until recently. In other words, the original Permissive Occupancy was issued in 1903. However, the information in the field book shows that it site was vacant in 1933. The current improvements were constructed in 1934.

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An earlier holder had probably demolished any improvements, which was a condition of the Permissive Occupancy. Cottages F and G are on Permissive Occupancies issued in the late 1930s. Three of the cottages had names, two of which evocatively reflected the temporary nature of the buildings. Cottage F was named ‘She’ll-Do’, whilst cottage K was named ‘Ittledo’. Though these cottages were built in the 1930s, there is no evidence they were associated with accommodation for the unemployed. All the Permissive Occupancies were granted for purposes of recreation. Most of the Permissive Occupancies were not taken out during the depths of the Great Depression of the 1930s, which was most severe from 1930 to about 1935. The Permissive Occupancy for cottage H was granted in 1933 and the building was constructed in 1934. The Permissive Occupancy for building K was granted in October 1931. The other Permissive Occupancies predated the worst of the depression or were issued in the late 1930s. Walter John Glover, who was the ferry master at the Lugarno ferry, originally held Permissive Occupancy L. His Permissive Occupancy was detached from a Special Lease in 1929. People with permanent residences elsewhere in the Sydney region held all of the other Permissive Occupancies. People suffering from housing shortages eventually occupied these cottages but this appears to have occurred after the Second World War when accommodation shortages were severe. By the 1970s, some of the cottages were occupied by pensioners unable to obtain other accommodation. Other cottages for which the holder was absent or deceased were occupied by squatters. The following data comes from File MN79H1399 Parts 1-3, Permits Various. Menai, held at the Sydney Lands Office, now part of the Department of Primary Industries. There were no notations on these files to show they were originally Special Leases. This confirms the information in the Field books that these were always Permissive Occupancies. The earliest record on the file is a map dated 3 February 1947 of these cottages occupying State Coal Mine Reserve, Lugarno surveyed by J Prior (see Figure 11 below). On 3 November 1961, what had previously been the State Coal Mine Reserve became Reserve 83553 for public recreation. From the 1950s onwards, the Department of Lands had been reviewing Permissive Occupancies on crown land, particularly those along ocean frontages such as at Coffs Harbour, and along rivers, in order to clean up shabby dwellings monopolising crown land. On 23 August 1973, approval was given to review Permissive Occupancies within and adjoining Reserve Number 83553 for Public Recreation notified on 3 November 1961 in order to remove all structures and allow the general public unrestricted access to the water. The existing Permissive Occupancies were to be terminated if their appearance, construction, or maintenance were not in accord with the conditions of the Permissive Occupancy or if they damaged public interests. As the standing structures deteriorated, the Permissive Occupancies would be terminated and the improvements removed. At that time there were a total of 11 cottages. A variation of that policy occurred on 27 February 1977. The Department approved that pensioners in permanent residence of the Permissive Occupancies at Menai would be allowed to remain for the term of their natural lives. The cottages affected were F, G, H and L. A departmental review on 18 November 1977 showed that cottages H and L were owned and occupied by pensioners as their bona fide residence. They would be permitted to remain

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for the term of their natural lives and the Permissive Occupancies would be terminated and the improvements removed after their death. No transfers of the Permissive Occupancies would be permitted. Cottages F and G were not owned by pensioners but were occupied by them as tenants as their bona fide residence. The same conditions applied for H and L. Cottage K was occupied by an owner who was not a pensioner. The holder was to be advised that the Permissive Occupancy must be terminated within 12 months and the improvements demolished

Figure 11: The map of 3 February 1947 identifying the cottages. Source: MN79H1399 Part 1

However, in April 1979, a submission was made to the Minster for Lands, William Crabtree, requesting that Mrs J Hodder, granddaughter of J Hacking be allowed to remain in cottage K since “she is awaiting a Housing Commission home”. The request received approval. A Ministerial direction was issued that Permissive Occupancies would be maintained for those who were pensioners. A report on the status of the cottages compiled in July 1984 gave the following information: Cottage F – weatherboard cottage with galvanised iron roof. Holder F Dalby lived at Woodburn on North Coast and let it to his daughter-in-law for $40 per week. Permissive Occupancy to be terminated on 10 January 1982. Dalby to be instructed to demolish the cottage. Cottage G - asbestos cement cottage with corrugated and asbestos cement roof. Purnell was directed to demolish within six months from February 1981. Cottage had previously been rented. Cottage H – asbestos cement cottage with galvanised iron roof. Holder had been instructed to demolish within three months in April 1983.

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Cottage K - asbestos cement cottage with galvanised iron roof. Occupied by Mrs Hodder, husband and daughter. She was the granddaughter of the original holder James Hacking. She had been granted permission to stay until she was allocated a Housing Commission house. Cottage L - asbestos cement cottage with galvanised iron roof. The current holder, Phillips was leasing the cottage to Denise Phillips for $75 per week. The original holder had died and the current holder was probably a relative. Permissive Occupancy should be terminated and Phillips to be given one month to remove.

On 21 February 1992, the status of the cottages was assessed, and an inspector took a series of photographs of them (see Figures 12 to 17 below).

Figure 12: Panoramic view of cottages in 1992. Source: MN79H1399 Part 1

Figure 13: Cottage F in 1992. Source: MN79H1399 Part 1

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Figure 14: Cottage G in 1992. Source: MN79H1399 Part 1

Figure 15: Cottage H in 1992 Source: MN79H1399 Part 1

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Figure 16: Cottage K in 1992. Source: MN79H1399 Part 1

Figure 17: Cottage L in 1992. Source: MN79H1399 Part 1

The following table provides a summary of the information in the files held in the Sydney Lands Office, combined with information from the tenure cards (NRS 20761) held at State Records of New South Wales.5

5 MN79H1399 Parts 1-3, Permits Various. Menai

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Table 2: Summary information on permissive occupancy tenure cards for Cottages F, G, H, K and L at Illawong Cottage Per Occ File Per Occ Occupier Date of Commencement of Tenure Occupier Tenure Purpose Tenure Card NRS number 1947 map Card NRS 20761 Card NRS 20761 20761 F PO 4856 41/202 F Dalby 1/3/1941 Frederick Dalby Combined boatshed and dwelling, baths, and adjoining area $165 pa G PO 6011 60/323 W W Muir 29/7/1960 Allan Raymond Boathouse, Dwelling, Purnell, 4 Levy St, adjoining area $121 pa Putney H PO 4737 03/410 F J Price (8/1/1977) 11/1/1983 Sylvia Joan Price, 2 Residence, swimming Todd St, enclosure $40 pa min Kingsgrove K PO 4805 37/869 J Hacking (1/9/1937) James Hacking, c/- Weekend dwelling, baths, 1976 J Bourke, 406 Old sanitary accommodation Illawarra Rd, Menai $66 pa L PO 6398 63/110 W J Glover 1/5/1963 A R Phillips, Lot Dwelling, garage, ramp 406 Old Illawarra $20 pa Rd, Menai

11/1/1983 Phillip Madden, $40 pa Phillips, 406 Old Illawarra Rd, Menai

Refer to Attachment 1 of this report for further details of permissive occupancies in the period 1931-1946 for Cottages F, G, H, K and L. 2.1. HISTORICAL SUMMARY The five remaining cottages were originally built in the 1930s, among a group of 11 cottages (the others since demolished). The cottages largely functioned as occasional rather than permanent accommodation. There are no links with Depression-era unemployment housing and long-term permanent accommodation of the cottages generally only occurred during the housing shortage after World War II. Table 3 below summarises the known historical information on the remaining five cottages.

Table 3: Summary Historical Information Cottage No. Name Date of construction Other information F “She’ll-Do” Late 1930s Original occupant with permanent address elsewhere G “Iona” Late 1930s Original occupant with permanent address elsewhere H 1934 Original occupant with permanent address elsewhere K “Ittledo” 1931 Original occupant with permanent address elsewhere L Late 1930s Original permissive occupancy Walter John Glover, ferry master at Lugarno ferry (only permanent resident recorded in the 1930s) 2.2. BIBLIOGRAPHY MAPS - MITCHELL LIBRARY Australia, Army, Topographic Maps 1;63360, M Ser 3 804/3 Zone 8, No 423 Sydney, 1917, 1933 DEPARTMENT OF PRIMARY INDUSTRIES – LANDS MN79H1399 Parts 1-3, Permits Various. Menai

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PRIMARY SOURCES – STATE RECORDS OF NSW NRS 8183, Card Register of Permissive Occupancies, 1920-41, 9/1806-12 NRS 18096 Head Office Crown Lands tenure cards (no Permissive Occupancy cards held) NRS 20761 Crown Lands Tenure cards – Regional Land Boards and Offices, Metropolitan – Permissive Occupancy, BOX/29818- BOX/29842 (relevant cards located in BOX/29828) Valuer-General, Valuation Cards, Sutherland, 1916-27, 13/7833 (no relevant cards) Valuer-General, Valuation Lists, Sutherland, 1926-57, 19/12836-19/12915 (no relevant valuations located) (checked 19/12880, 19/12881; 19/12890; 19/12902) Valuer-General, Valuation Lists, Sutherland, 3/10900-3/11027 (no relevant valuations located) (Checked 3/10934, 3/10935, 3/10940, 3/10977) Valuer-General, Field books, Sutherland, 11/12011-12994, c 1931-46 (11/12805 contained Illawong permissive occupancies)

3.0 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION The five cottages are set on Crown Land the southern shore of the Georges River at Illawong within the Sutherland Council Local Government Area. The cottages are built partially over the water and are built to face the river to the north. Some cottage sites include remnants of swimming enclosures and jetties in the vicinity. There are recent small outbuildings in the vicinity of Cottages F G and H, to the south of the access road/pathway. Cottages L, K, and G are unoccupied and in poor condition. Cottages H and F are occupied. The interiors of the unoccupied cottages were not accessed during the site visit for this report due to safety concerns. The interiors of both occupied cottages (H & F) were accessed during the site visit and some photos of interiors are included in this report for these cottages. An unsurfaced access road leads to the cottages from an unpaved car parking area to the west of the northern end of Old Ferry Road, Illawong. The descriptive information below begins with the eastern-most of the cottages, closest to Old Ferry Road (Cottage L), working west to Cottage F. 3.1. COTTAGE L This cottage is unoccupied and in poor condition and the interior was not accessed due to safety considerations. Cottage L is an unoccupied fibro clad cottage with a gabled corrugated iron roof, with a skillion-roofed enclosed verandah built out over the river and a skillion-roofed rear section on the south side. The external wall linings of the cottage are variously corrugated steel, fibro asbestos and plywood, in poor condition. There are some timber-framed window openings, however windows are boarded up. There are two gable roofed corrugated iron clad outbuildings to the south of the access road near Cottage L. These outbuildings appear likely to date from the 1930s, contemporary with the construction date of the cottage.

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Figure 18: South elevation and context of Cottage L. Note small outbuildings to the south (left).

Figure 19: East and south elevations of Cottage L

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Figure 20: (Left) Detail of east elevation of Cottage L showing problematic footings

Figure 21: Detail of east elevation of Cottage L showing broken and patched cladding

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Figure 22: East (right) and south (left) elevations of Cottage L

Figure 23: West elevation of Cottage L. Note modern fencing at right

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Figure 24: View of Cottage L from the west showing the cottage in context with outbuildings (at right) and fenced yard (at left)

Figure 25: Fenced yard area with clothes line to the west of Cottage L

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Figure 26: Detail of outbuildings in the vicinity of Cottage L

Figure 27: West elevation of outbuilding in the vicinity of Cottage L. The view of the access road at left is looking towards the east.

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Figure 28: Rubbish strewn area to the west of the Cottage L outbuildings. 3.2. COTTAGE K This cottage is unoccupied and the interior was not accessed due to safety considerations. Cottage K is a fibre cement clad cottage with a shallow pitched gabled corrugated iron roof with the roofing in short sheets, a skillion roofed rear section on its’ southern side, and decks to both east and west sides (west deck without flooring). The cottage features: • Exposed timber rafter ends below the roof cladding. • Some timber framed window openings • Brick and concrete footing piers with Acrow props holding up the eastern side deck There is a green shipping container in the vicinity of the cottage to the south of the access road.

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Figure 29: View of east and south elevations of Cottage K with green container in vicinity at left

Figure 30: Green shipping container to the south of Cottage K

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Figure 31: Detail of east elevation of Cottage K with “deck” to the east of the cottage

Figure 32: (Left) detail of eastern side of Cottage K

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Figure 33: The western elevation of Cottage K with unsurfaced “deck” to the west of the cottage

Figure 34: Detail of footings to Cottage K. Note Acrow prop (centre) to support deck without flooring.

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Figure 35: (Left) rubbish strewn area to the south of Cottage K

3.3. COTTAGE H Cottage H is occupied and the interior was accessed during the site visit. Cottage H is a fibre cement clad cottage with a blue corrugated Colorbond gabled roof, a skillion-roofed section on the eastern side, and an enclosed verandah with a shallow-pitched skillion roof over the river on the northern side. Foundations are a mix of brick, concrete and sandstone piers, with some Acrow props. Windows are a mix of timber framed and aluminium framed. There is a gable-roofed fibro and plywood clad shed to the south of the access path past the cottage, with another small skillion roofed outbuilding to the west of the shed.

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Figure 36: Cottage H from the east with modern fencing, deck and skillion to the eastern side. Note enclosed verandah with flat roof over the river at right, shed at left

Figure 37: Remnants of either a swimming enclosure or jetty footing to the east of Cottage H

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Figure 38: Detail of concrete piers and Acrow props beneath the northern end of Cottage H

Figure 39: (Left) eastern elevation, northern end, Cottage H

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Figure 40: (Left) west elevation of Cottage H. Note green roof over deck to eastern side of Cottage G at left.

Figure 41: Interior of enclosed verandah of Cottage H which is built over the river on the northern end of the cottage

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Figure 42: Interior, main room of Cottage H with river verandah at right, Note plywood ceiling and circa 1970s panelling to walls

Figure 43: Plywood bedroom ceiling on western side of Cottage H

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Figure 44: Cottage H South elevation with fibro and plywood clad outbuilding to the south

Figure 45: Cottage H: Southern end of west elevatiion (left) with west and north elevations of gabled shed at right

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Figure 46: Another small outbuilding to the south of Cottage H, south of the access path 3.4. COTTAGE G Cottage G is unoccupied and the interior was not accessed due to safety considerations. Cottage G is a fibro-clad building with a gabled corrugated asbestos roof and a covered deck to the eastern side with roofing in a mix of corrugated translucent green plastic and corrugated steel. Some windows are timber-framed.

Figure 47: Cottage G, part of west and south elevations with eastern covered deck

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Figure 48: Cottage G, Detail of eastern covered deck (Cottage H at right)

Figure 49: Cottage G south elevation, with Cottage F in background

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Figure 50: Cottage G: South and west elevations

Figure 51: Cottage G, south and west elevations, showing clay pipes used as piers, brick piers, and Acrow props. Note fibro asbestos roofing.

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Figure 52: (Left) Shed to the south of Cottage G

Figure 53: Cottage G, east elevation showing clay pipe and brick piers

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3.5. COTTAGE F Cottage F is occupied and the interior was accessed during the site visit. Cottage F is a weatherboard and fibro clad cottage with a hipped corrugated iron roof, a skillion roofed section to the east, and a skillion awning over the access path (shading the entry door) to the south. There is a metal shed to the east of the cottage.

Figure 54: Cottage F, east and south elevations, with metal shed to the east of the cottage at right

Figure 55: Cottage F, west elevation showing weatherboard walls, one early timber window framed with an aluminium framed window to the north. Note timber tongue & grooved eaves.

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Figure 56: Cottage F, another view of the west elevation. Note fibre cement clad section (at left) at northern end.

Figure 57: View of Cottage F from the west showing western deck area

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Figure 58: (Left) Detail of timber framed window on the west elevation of Cottage F

Figure 59: Cottage F, half brick used to prop up a wall

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Figure 60: Cottage F interior, timber wall framing and timber tongue & groove ceiling

Figure 61: Cottage F interior, timber wall framing and timber tongue & groove ceiling

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Figure 62: Cottage F, timber ceiling to enclosed verandah on north side (over the water) 4.0 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 4.1. BASIS OF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS A search of the State Heritage Inventory for waterfront cottages or houses in the Sutherland LGA has revealed the 45 comparative examples in the table below. Note: there may be other examples, which are not heritage listed in the local area.

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Table 4: Comparable statutorily heritage listed waterfront cottages in Sutherland LGA No in Item name Address Suburb Heritage listing details Comment comparative analysis Waterfront houses (part of group) (including the fibro finishes and the gabled form) Georges River – west of Old Illawong Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item Nos. 2022, Local significance. Houses built Ferry Road 2021, 2020, 2019 and 2018 on the riverfront with verandahs over the water. 1 Shackels Estate Cottage (part of group) (including the estuarine and bush setting, the 53 Woronora River Frontages Bangor Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 0201 Local significance. Cottage set overall simple form of the building, the roof form finishes, the wall finishes and the back from the river in a fenestration pattern) bushland setting. 2 Shackels Estate Cottage (part of group) (including the estuarine and bush setting, the 205 Woronora River Frontages Barden Ridge Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 0303 Local significance simple gabled form of the building, the roof form finishes and the wall finishes) 3 Waterfront dwelling with boat shed 295 Woolooware Road Burraneer Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 0627 Local significance 4 “Elonara”—house and boat shed 21 Bayside Place Caringbah South Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 0812 Local significance 5 Boat shed (including the estuarine and bush setting, form of the building, the 41 Mirral Road Caringbah South Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No 0808 Local significance fenestration pattern and gable details, the wall finishes, the sea wall and tidal pool remnants) 6 House (including the estuarine and bush setting 27 Wallami Street Caringbah South Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No 0811 Local significance 7 “Sheel Do” (including the bush setting, trees and site rock, the overall roof form of the 448 Willarong Road Caringbah South Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 0815 Local significance central wing, the wall finishes, the fenestration pattern to central wing and the slip rails and sandstone ramp) 8 Cottage, boat shed and jetty (including the mature trees, simple forms of the buildings, 509 Willarong Road Caringbah South Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 0816 Local significance the wall finishes, the fenestration and architrave patterns and the sea wall) 9 Waterfront cottage (including estuarine and bush setting, the roof finishes, the wall 527 A Willarong Road Caringbah South Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 0817 Local significance finishes, verandah and gable end details) 10 Waterfront cottage and boat shed 533 Willarong Road Caringbah South Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 0818 Local significance 11 House (including the bush setting, the simple form of the building, the roof form and 39 Bonnet Avenue Como Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 0901 Local significance finishes, the wall finishes and the sea wall) 12 Boat shed/dwelling (including the landscaped and beach setting, the simple gabled form 53 Taloombi Street Cronulla Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No I051 Local significance of the building, the roof form and finishes and the fenestration) 13 House, boat shed and sea wall (including the roof form, the wall finishes, the 129 Peninsula Road Grays Point Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. I305 Local significance fenestration pattern and the sea wall) 14 House (including the setting, the roof form and the sea wall) 9 Bayhaven Place Gymea Bay Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No I602 Local significance

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No in Item name Address Suburb Heritage listing details Comment comparative analysis 15 Waterfront cottage (including the setting, the simple gabled form of the building, the 116 Ellesmere Road Gymea Bay Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. I605 Local significance stone finishes, the sea wall and recessed stone slipway 16 “The Rockies” (including the boat house and stone sea wall) 4 Bignell Street Illawong Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 2001 Local significance 17 Cottage and sea wall (part of group) (including the estuarine and bush setting, the form 20 Bignell Street Illawong Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 2003 Local significance of the building, the roof form and finishes, the wall finishes, the fenestration pattern, the sea wall, pool, sandstone retaining wall) 18 Cottage, sea wall, pool and stone retaining walls (part of group) (including the estuarine 22 Bignell Street Illawong Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 2004 Local significance and bush setting, the form of the building, the roof form and finishes, the wall finishes, the fenestration pattern, the sea wall, pool, sandstone retaining wall) 19 Cottage and sea wall (part of group) (including the estuarine and bush setting, the roof 60 Bignell Street Illawong Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 2005 Local significance form and finishes, the wall finishes and the sea wall) 20 Cottage and boat shed (part of group) (including the estuarine and bush setting, the 66 Bignell Street Illawong Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 2006 Local significance form of the building, the roof form and finishes, the wall finishes, the fenestration and the sea wall and wharf) 21 Cottage (part of group) (including the estuarine and bush setting, the simple form of the 68 Bignnell Street Illawong Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 2007 Local significance building, the roof form and finishes, the wall finishes and the sea wall) 22 Cottage (part of group) (including the estuarine and bush setting and the roof form) 72 Bignell Street Illawong Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 2008 Local significance 23 House and boat shed (including the estuarine and bush setting, the overall gabled form 69 Fowler Road Illawong Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 2012 Local significance of the building, the roof form and finishes, the wall finishes, the fenestration pattern, the sea wall, boat shed and shed) 24 Boat shed, house, wharf and stone waterfront (including the simple form of the 119–121 Fowler Road Illawong Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 2016 Local significance buildings, the roof form and finishes, the wall finishes, the fenestration pattern, the sea wall and dock) 25 Early waterfront house (including the bush setting of neighbouring property, the simple 9-11 Griffin Parade Illawong Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 2017 Local significance gabled form of the building, the roof form and finishes, the wall finishes and the fenestration pattern) 26 Boat shed and house (including the landscaped setting, the form of the building, the 9 Ilma Avenue Kangaroo Point Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 2201 Local significance roof form and finishes, the wall finishes, the sea wall, jetty and slip rails) 27 “Green Gables”—house 10-12 Kangaroo Point Road Kangaroo Point Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 2203 Local significance 28 House 25 Kangaroo Point Road Kangaroo Point Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 2204 Local significance. House set away from the water close to the road

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No in Item name Address Suburb Heritage listing details Comment comparative analysis 29 House 107 Kangaroo Point Road Kangaroo Point Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 2207 Local significance. 30 Waterfront cottage (including the overall form of the building, the roof form, the wall 24 Gow Avenue Lilli Pilli Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 2606 Local significance. finishes and the fenestration pattern) 31 “The Rocks”—waterfront cottage (including the estuarine and bush setting, the form of 33 Turriell Bay Road Lilli Pilli Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 2609 Local significance. the building, the wall finishes, the fenestration pattern and detail of building) 32 Waterfront house (including the roof form and finishes and the sea wall) 32 Matson Crescent Miranda Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 3104 Local significance. 33 Boat shed and cottage (including the landscape setting, simple form of the building, 27 Carina Road Oyster Bay Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 3201 Local significance eclectic fenestration, sea wall, jetty and ramp) 34 Waterfront cottage (part of group) (including the estuarine and bush setting, form of the 14-20 Green Point Road Oyster Bay Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 3202 Local significance building, the roof form and finishes, the wall finishes, the fenestration pattern and the verandah detailing) 35 Waterfront cottage (part of group) (including roof form and finishes, wall finishes and 40 Green Point Road Oyster Bay Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 3203 Local significance fenestration) 36 Waterfront cottage (part of group) (including roof form fitting, verandah detail, multi- 19 Shipwright Place Oyster Bay Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 3205 Local significance paned timber, casement windows and weatherboard finishes) 37 Waterfront cottage (part of group) (including the bush setting, rock face, simple form of 20 Ward Crescent Oyster Bay Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 3207 Local significance the building, wall finishing, verandah and gable detail) 38 Waterfront cottage with attached boat shed, sea wall, jetty and slip rails (part of group) 24 Ward Crescent Oyster Bay Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 3208 Local significance (including the estuarine setting, rock formations, the gabled form of the building, the roof form and finishes, the wall finishes, the fenestration pattern and the sea wall, jetty and slip rails) 39 Waterfront cottage, boat shed and sea wall (part of group) (including the estuarine 28 Ward Crescent Oyster Bay Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 3209 Local significance setting, the form of the building, the roof form and finishes and the wall finishes) 40 “Glenn Robin”—house, Fairy House, boat shed and jetty 35 Murralin Lane Sylvania Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 3706 Local significance 41 House (including the estuarine setting, the simple form of the building, the roof form 67 Liffey Place Woronora Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 4201 Local significance finishes, the wall finishes and the sea wall) 42 House (including the estuarine setting, the inter-war detailing, roughcast and timber 87 Prince Edward Park Road Woronora Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 4209 Local significance shingle wall finishing and timber fenestration) 43 Stone house, boat shed and carport (including the estuarine setting, the form of the 201 Prince Edward Park Road Woronora Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 4212 Local significance building, the roof form finishes, the wall finishes, the sea wall, tree and boat shed)

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No in Item name Address Suburb Heritage listing details Comment comparative analysis 44 “Magnetic”—waterfront cottage (including the estuarine and bush setting, the simple 14 Maroopna Road Yowie Bay Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 4612 Local significance form, the roof form finishes and stone walling, the wall finishes and the fenestration pattern) 45 Sherwood cottage, stone wall and steps to former pool 8 Sherwood Avenue Yowie Bay Sutherland Shire LEP 2015 Item No. 4615 Local significance

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4.2. CONCLUSION OF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS As there are 45 other heritage listed waterfront cottages or houses within the Sutherland LGA, the five waterfront cottages at Illawong, which are the subject of this report, are not considered rare within the local area. The other examples listed in Table 4 are also in use as residences and are in good condition.

5.0 ASSESSMENT OF HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE

5.1. EXISTING ASSESSMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The State Heritage Inventory (SHI) form for the five cottages contains no Assessment or Summary Statement of Significance, no description or history of the cottages. The SHI form only contains out-dated heritage listing details relating to the Sutherland LEP 2000 and some location details. There is therefore no existing assessment of heritage significance for the cottages. 5.2. CRITERIA FOR ASSESSING CULTURAL HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE The NSW Heritage Manual (1996, amended 2001) in the Assessing heritage significance section sets out the basis for assessment of the heritage significance of an item, place or site by evaluating its significance in reference to specific criteria. These criteria can be applied at national, state or local levels of significance. The criteria used are: Criterion (a) Historical significance The item is important in the course of, or pattern of New South Wales’ cultural or natural history (State significance) OR An item is important in the course, or pattern, of the local area’s cultural or natural history. Guidelines for Inclusion: • Shows evidence of a significant human activity Not Applicable • Is associated with a significant activity or cultural phase Not Applicable. • Maintains or shows the continuity of a historical process or activity Not Applicable. Guidelines for Exclusion: • Has incidental or unsubstantiated connections with historically important activities or processes Not relevant • Provides evidence of activities or processes that are of dubious historical importance Relevant. The historical significance of the cottages as waterfront holiday cottages constructed simply and utilising reused materials is of dubious historical importance.

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• Has been so altered that it can no longer provide evidence of a particular association Not relevant, except to observe that the cottages have been altered over time, as evidenced by the photographs in Section 2.0 of this report. Types of items which meet criterion (a) include: • Items which demonstrate strong associations to past customs, cultural practices, philosophies or systems of government, regardless of the intactness of the item or any structure on the place; Not Applicable: the cottages do not demonstrate strong historical associations to past customs etc. • Items associated with significant historical events, regardless of the intactness of the item or any structure on the place; Not Applicable: the cottages have no association with significant historical events. • Significant cultural landscapes and other items demonstrating overlays of the continual pattern of human use and occupation; and/or Not Applicable: the cottages are not considered part of a significant cultural landscape. • Items where the physical fabric (above or below ground) demonstrates any of the points described above. Not Applicable: the physical fabric of the cottages has been renewed and altered over time and does not demonstrate any of the points above.

Criterion (b) Historical Association An item has strong or special association with the life or works of a person, or group of persons, of importance in New South Wales’ cultural or natural history (State significance) OR An item has strong or special association with the life or works of a person, or group of persons, of importance in the cultural or natural history of the local area (Local significance). Guidelines for Inclusion: • Shows evidence of a significant human occupation Not Applicable. • Is associated with a significant event, person or group of persons Not Applicable: the cottages had short-term occupancies, with the exception of Cottage L, where the original permissive occupancy was by Walter John Glover, ferry master at Lugarno ferry (only permanent resident recorded in the 1930s).

Guidelines for Exclusion: • Has incidental or unsubstantiated connections with historically important people or events Relevant: the cottage generally had short-term occupancies, and no connections with historically important people or events, other than the occupancy of Cottage L, where the original permissive occupancy was by Walter John Glover, ferry master at Lugarno ferry (only permanent resident recorded in the 1930s). • Provides evidence of people or events that are of dubious historical importance

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Relevant: the persons who were the permissive occupants of the cottages are not of known historical importance. • Has been so altered that it can no longer provide evidence of a particular association. Not relevant, however it should also be noted that the cottages have been altered over time as evidenced by comparison of the historical photos and the current photos in this report. Types of items which meet this criterion include: • Items which demonstrate strong associations to a particular event, historical theme, people or philosophies, regardless of the intactness of the item or any of its structures; Not applicable. • Items associated with significant historical events, regardless of the intactness of the item or any structure on the place; and/or Not applicable. • Items where the physical fabric (above or below ground) demonstrates any of the points described above. Not applicable. Criterion (c) Aesthetic/Technical significance An item is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or a high degree of creative or technical achievement in New South Wales (State significance); OR An item is important is demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or a high degree of creative or technical achievement in the local area (Local significance). Guidelines for Inclusion: • Shows or is associated with, creative or technical innovation or achievement Not applicable: the cottages are simple structures incorporating reused materials which have been altered over time with incorporation of replacement materials. • Is the inspiration for a creative or technical innovation or achievement Not applicable. • Is aesthetically distinctive Not applicable. • Has landmark qualities Applicable/Not applicable. • Exemplifies a particular taste, style or technology. Not applicable. Guidelines for Exclusion: • Is not a major work by an important designer or artist Applicable • Has lost its design or technical integrity Not applicable as these cottages originally do not have design or technical integrity. This criterion is therefore not relevant.

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• Its positive visual or sensory appeal or landmark and scenic qualities have been more than temporarily degraded Not applicable as the cottages have never had positive visual appeal or scenic qualities. This criterion is therefore not relevant. • Has only a loose association with a creative or technical achievement. Not relevant, as the cottages have no association with creative or technical achievement. Types of items which meet this criterion include: • Items which demonstrate creative or technical excellence, innovation or achievement; Not applicable. • Items which have been the inspiration for creative or technical achievement; Not applicable. • Items which demonstrate a highly original and influential style, such as an important early (seminal) work of a major architect; and/or Not applicable • Items which demonstrate the culmination of a particular architectural style (known as climactic). Not applicable. Criterion (d) Social significance An item has strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group in New South Wales for social, cultural or spiritual reasons (State significance) OR An item has strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group in the area for social, cultural, or spiritual reasons (Local significance). Guidelines for Inclusion: • Is important for its associations with an identifiable group Not applicable • Is important to a community’s sense of place. Not applicable Guidelines for Exclusion: • Is only important to the community for amenity reasons No information available on this point. • Is retained only in preference to a proposed alternative. No information available on this point. Types of items which meet this criterion include: • Items which are esteemed by the community for their cultural values; No information available on this point • Items which if damaged or destroyed would cause a community a sense of loss; No information available on this point. and/or • Items which contribute to a community’s sense of identity.

FIVE WATERFRONT COTTAGES, ILLAWONG, CROWN LAND 50 PAUL DAVIES PTY LTD HERITAGE ASSESSMENT JUNE 2016

No information available on this point. Items are excluded if: • They are valued only for their amenity (service convenience); and/or No information available on this point. • The community seeks their retention only in preference to a proposed alternative. No information available on this point. Criterion (e) Research potential An item has potential to yield information that will contribute to the understanding of New South Wales’ cultural or natural history (State significance) OR An item has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of the area’s cultural or natural history (Local significance). Guidelines for Inclusion: • Has the potential to yield new or further substantial scientific and/or archaeological information Not applicable • Is an important benchmark or reference site or type Not applicable. As noted in the Comparative analysis, there are 45 other heritage-listed waterfront houses in the Sutherland LGA alone. • Provides evidence of past human cultures that is unavailable elsewhere. Not applicable. Guidelines for Exclusion: • The knowledge gained would be irrelevant to research on science, human history or culture Applicable. • Has little archaeological or research potential Applicable. Only contains information that is readily available form other resources or archaeological sites. Applicable. Criterion (f) Rarity An item possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of New South Wales’ cultural or natural history (State significance); OR An item possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of the area’s cultural or natural history (Local significance). Guidelines for Inclusion: • Provides evidence of a defunct custom, way of life or process Not Applicable: the cottages are evidence of simple waterfront holiday cottages, many other examples of which remain, both within Sutherland LGA and elsewhere. • Demonstrates a process, custom or other human activity that is in danger of being lost

FIVE WATERFRONT COTTAGES, ILLAWONG, CROWN LAND 51 PAUL DAVIES PTY LTD HERITAGE ASSESSMENT JUNE 2016

Not applicable • Shows unusually accurate evidence of a significant human activity Not applicable • Is the only example of its type Not applicable • Demonstrates designs or techniques of exceptional interest Not applicable Shows rare evidence of a significant human activity important to a community. Not applicable Guidelines for Exclusion: • Is not rare Applicable • Is numerous but under threat Not applicable. There are 45 other examples of the heritage listed waterfront houses or cottages in Sutherland LGA, therefore this building type is both numerous and NOT under threat. Criterion (g) Representativeness An item is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of New South Wales’ cultural or natural places; or cultural or natural environments (State significance) OR An item is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of the area’s cultural or natural places; or cultural or natural environments (Local significance). Guidelines for Inclusion: • Is a fine example of its type Not applicable. • Has the principal characteristics of a particular way of life, philosophy, custom, significant process, design, technique or activity Not applicable. • Is a significant variation to a class of items Not applicable • Is part of a group which collectively illustrates a representative type Applicable: the cottages can be said to collectively illustrate simple waterfront holiday cottages, however these cottages are the remnants of an originally larger group of cottages in this location, so the group lacks integrity. • Is outstanding because of its setting, condition or size Not applicable. • Is outstanding because of its integrity or the esteem in which it is held. Not applicable. Guidelines for Exclusion: • Is a poor example of its type

FIVE WATERFRONT COTTAGES, ILLAWONG, CROWN LAND 52 PAUL DAVIES PTY LTD HERITAGE ASSESSMENT JUNE 2016

Applicable: three of the five cottages are in extremely poor/dangerous condition, and the other two are in poor condition. The cottages have also been altered over time with the introduction of extensive late 20th century fabric. • Does not include or has lost the range of characteristics of a type Applicable, in that the cottages have been altered so that they no longer represent 1930s holiday cottages. • Does not represent well the characteristics that make up a significant variation of a type. Applicable, in that the cottages have been altered. 5.3. SUMMARY ANALYSIS OF HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE As analysed in Section 5.2 above, the cottages do not meet a threshold of significance that would warrant local heritage listing. The cottages are not considered to be of historical significance, are not associated with any local historically important figures, and in fact all except one (Cottage L) had constant short-term tenancies. The cottages are not of significance on aesthetic, social or research potential criteria, and are not rare. While the cottages could be said to be representative of simple waterfront holiday cottages dating from the 1930s, they are also poor examples as a group which lacks integrity both due to the cottages being the remnants of a once larger group, and due to alteration of the cottages over time resulting in the cottages incorporating extensive late 20th century fabric. 6.0 CONDITION As evidenced by the Structural Engineer’s reports in Attachment 2 of this report, three of the cottages are in grossly or extremely dilapidated condition, with two (Cottages G and K) considered dangerous. Cottages H and F (the two occupied cottages) were considered to be in fair to poor condition respectively and - though non-compliant with the BCA - capable of retention with replacement of piers and a regular long-term monitoring program. Removal of asbestos, however, remains an issue, as all the cottages contain fibro asbestos materials and all the cottages are below the high water mark. A summary of the condition of the cottages, from the information in the Structural Engineer’s reports in Attachment 2, is provided in Table 5 below. Table 5: Summary of information from Structural Engineer’s Reports Cottage Contains Asbestos? Condition conclusion from Structural Engineer’s report Cottage L (Cottage 1 in Structural Asbestos material in walls and ceilings Grossly dilapidated, particularly in relation to Engineer’s report) support framing. Reasonable structural rehabilitation options very limited. Demolition recommended. Cottage K (Cottage 2 in Structural Asbestos material in wall linings and ceilings Extremely dilapidated, with severe structural Engineer’s report) etc. concerns. Cottage is dilapidated beyond what may be considered reasonably salvageable for use. Considered dangerous and recommended fencing off against access, immediately. Reasonable structural rehabilitation options very limited. Demolition recommended.

FIVE WATERFRONT COTTAGES, ILLAWONG, CROWN LAND 53 PAUL DAVIES PTY LTD HERITAGE ASSESSMENT JUNE 2016

Cottage Contains Asbestos? Condition conclusion from Structural Engineer’s report Cottage H (Cottage 3 in Structural Asbestos material in building linings Fair condition. This cottage is in the best Engineer’s report) – occupied condition, however non compliant with the BCA. cottage. With meticulous rehabilitation, strengthening and a long-term regular monitoring plan the cottage can remain serviceable provided urgent attention and upgrading works are implemented, including replacement of all existing support piers. Cottage G (Cottage 4 in Structural Asbestos material in wall linings and ceilings Grossly dilapidated, particularly in relation to Engineer’s report) etc. support framing and pier construction. Poses an unreasonable risk to the environment and the public. Reasonable structural rehabilitation options very limited. Demolition recommended. Cottage F (Cottage 5 in Structural Asbestos material in wall linings and ceilings Poor condition, non compliant with the BCA and Engineer’s report) – occupied etc. with undermined footings. With meticulous cottage rehabilitation, strengthening and a long term regular monitoring plan the cottage can remain serviceable provided urgent attention and upgrading works are implemented, including replacement or strengthening of all existing support piers. 7.0 CONCLUSION/RECOMMENDATIONS As outlined in Section 5.0 of this report, none of the cottages individually, nor the cottages as a group, are considered to reach a threshold of heritage significance which would warrant local heritage listing. There are 45 other heritage-listed examples of waterfront houses or cottages in Sutherland LGA; therefore the cottages are not rare. Due to fabric changes over time, and the fact the cottages are the remnant of an originally larger group, the cottages lack integrity and are not good representative examples of waterfront holiday cottages from the 1930s. The existing heritage listing of the cottages in the Sutherland LEP as heritage items is therefore considered inappropriate. As the existing local heritage listing of the cottage is considered to be inappropriate, given the evident lack of heritage significance of the cottages, there is no impediment in relation to heritage status of the site to the future lodgement of a Development Application seeking demolition of the cottages and their outbuildings. The Crown Lands Dept, should, however, consider whether Cottages H and F should be retained. If the decision of the Crown Lands Dept. is to retain these two cottages, then provision must be made to undertake the rectification works - particularly to the footings and piers - recommended in the Structural engineer’s reports for these cottages. Note that as none of the cottages are considered to be of heritage significance, the decision to retain or not retain Cottages H and F should be an operational decision for the Crown Lands Dept. A condition of any consent for demolition should require archival photographic recording of the cottages prior to demolition. 7.1. RECOMMENDED ACTIONS It is recommended that the NSW Crown Lands Department make a submission to Sutherland Shire Council requesting the removal of the local heritage listing over the five cottages in the Sutherland LEP. The submission should include a copy of this report and it’s attachments.

FIVE WATERFRONT COTTAGES, ILLAWONG, CROWN LAND 54 PAUL DAVIES PTY LTD HERITAGE ASSESSMENT JUNE 2016

ATTACHMENT 1:

SUMMARY INFORMATION ON THE ILLAWONG PERMISSIVE OCCUPANCIES 1931-1946

FIVE WATERFRONT COTTAGES, ILLAWONG, CROWN LAND 1 PAUL DAVIES PTY LTD HERITAGE ASSESSMENT JUNE 2016

Summary Information on the Illawong Permissive Occupancies 1931-46

Source: Valuer-General, Field books, Sutherland, c 1931-46, SRNSW 11/12805

Cottage F

FB Assessment number NPV [Note Previously Valued]

Owner Crown

Lessee Dalby, Frederick

Lessee’s Address 53 Cambridge St, Penshurst

Location of property Situated above & below HWM of Georges River within State Coalmine Reserve (abt 240’ west of portion 406)

Notes Purpose – Boatshed, dwellings, sanitary accommodation Name – ‘She’ll-Do’

Date inspected 19/12/38

Buildings WE Ctge

Rooms 2 & ver

Roof

Built of FC & WB on S & C

Age & condition Wd lined; second hand materials

Size 20’ x 30’ (below HWM) 18’ x 120’ (above HWM)

Unimproved Capital 60 Value

Improved Capital Value 200

Amendments 6/1/39 Sketch of site [See below]

29/5/40 as before

15/12/40 Rent of PO £4/8/0 from 1/5/40 PO for baths, boatshed & dwlg UCV 80 ICV 170

17/12/41 Rent PO £5 pa (30’ x 30’ bath; 30’ x 18’ Boatshed & Dwlg; 100’ x 10’ Sanitary Accom) UCV 80 ICV 170

27/9/43 as above

12/7/46 Part of front Ver enc FC UCV 80 ICV 200

FIVE WATERFRONT COTTAGES, ILLAWONG, CROWN LAND 2 PAUL DAVIES PTY LTD HERITAGE ASSESSMENT JUNE 2016

(Above) Sketch of Cottage F site. Source: Field book, SRNSW 11/12805

FIVE WATERFRONT COTTAGES, ILLAWONG, CROWN LAND 3 PAUL DAVIES PTY LTD HERITAGE ASSESSMENT JUNE 2016

Cottage G

FB Assessment number NPV [Note Previously Valued]

Owner Crown

Lessee Muir W W [1939 electoral roll, Parkes Electorate lists William Wallace Muir as ‘carpenter’]

Lessee’s Address 68 Portland St, Enfield

Location of property PO situated on State Coal Mine Reserve and in Georges River, north west of Por 406

Notes Area 15’ x 15’ & 15’ x 100’ ‘Iona’ PO commenced 17/9/37 £3 pa Purpose – Boatshed, dwelling, sanitary accommodation

Date inspected 29/12/38

Buildings WE Ctge

Rooms

Roof Corr FC

Built of FC

Age & condition

Size

Unimproved Capital Value 60

Improved Capital Value 100

Amendments 6/1/39 Sketch of site on back (See below)

29/5/40 Addition to front. Now abt 15’ x 20’ UCV 60 ICV 110

21/9/43 Addition to side 6’ x 10’. Now abt 2K UCV 60 ICV 175

12/7/46 Add Front Ver. Needs paint. UCV 60 ICV 225

FIVE WATERFRONT COTTAGES, ILLAWONG, CROWN LAND 4 PAUL DAVIES PTY LTD HERITAGE ASSESSMENT JUNE 2016

(Above) Sketch of Cottage G site. Source: Field book, SRNSW 11/12805

FIVE WATERFRONT COTTAGES, ILLAWONG, CROWN LAND 5 PAUL DAVIES PTY LTD HERITAGE ASSESSMENT JUNE 2016

Cottage H

FB Assessment number Not previously valued

Owner Crown

Lessee Price, Frank Joseph, motor engineer

Lessee’s Address Fitzroy St, Marrickville

Location of property Situated on Georges River near Lugarno Ferry, opp por 406

Notes Granted 15/8/32 rent £417/0 WE dwelling site & Bathing enclosure

Date inspected 27/6/33

Buildings VL [vacant land] impts to be made WE cott 18 x 17, Bathing enclosure 30 x 20

Rooms

Roof

Built of

Age & condition

Size

Unimproved Capital Value 97

Improved Capital Value 97

Amendments 9/10/34 WE Cott 18 x 24 – FC on St, Iron 16 x 17 UCV 97 ICV 135

6/7/37 as above

29/5/40 as above

21/9/43 as above

13/7/46 Now 3 R & Ver (30’ x 17’) Needs paint UCV 97 ICV 250

FIVE WATERFRONT COTTAGES, ILLAWONG, CROWN LAND 6 PAUL DAVIES PTY LTD HERITAGE ASSESSMENT JUNE 2016

Cottage K

FB Assessment number Not previously valued

Owner Crown

Lessee Beales Henry Batson; Hacking, James [between July 1937 & May 1940]

Lessee’s Address Beales – 33 Sixth Ave, Lidcombe Hacking – 279 Cleveland St, Redfern;

Location of property PO near por 406 on Georges River

Notes PO granted from 1/10/31 £4 pa

Date inspected 23/3/32

Buildings WE dwelling & Boatshed Stone landing, stage & Bath [Bathing]

Rooms 2

Roof Iron

Built of WB

Age & condition Unlined – 24 x 12 – second hand materials

Size

Unimproved Capital Value 80

Improved Capital Value 120

Amendments 6/10/32 UCV 50 ICV 100

9/10/34 Fair ‘Ittledo’ – needs paint UCV 50 ICV 100

6/7/37 Fair ‘Ittledo’ – needs paint UCV 80 ICV 125

29/5/40 Now Hacking [is owner] Painted UCV 80 ICV 125

21/9/43 Now Hacking [is owner] Painted UCV 80 ICV 125

13/7/46 Needs paint UCV 80 ICV 150

FIVE WATERFRONT COTTAGES, ILLAWONG, CROWN LAND 7 PAUL DAVIES PTY LTD HERITAGE ASSESSMENT JUNE 2016

FIVE WATERFRONT COTTAGES, ILLAWONG, CROWN LAND 8 PAUL DAVIES PTY LTD HERITAGE ASSESSMENT JUNE 2016

Cottage L

FB Assessment number Not previously valued

Owner Crown

Lessee Glover, Walter John, ferry master

Lessee’s Address Lugarno via Peakhurst; Pyes Road, Quakers Hill

Location of property Off Old Illawarra Road, Portion 406 1 rood 35 ¼ perches

Purpose used Grazing & residence

Notes Special Lease 1929-9293 1 Jan 1929 to 31 Dec 1942 Permissive Occupancy granted 1/7/29 $7 pa

Date inspected

Buildings Cott

Rooms 2K [2 & kitchen] Front ver 2 enclosed side vers Wbd Boatshed, Iron roof (next to cott called ‘Charleville’) W/E [weekend] Cottage 2 R Fib & Wbd Iron roof – 2nd hand material in C/E

Roof Iron

Built of WB & FC

Age & condition

Size 7 ½

Unimproved Capital Value 160

Improved Capital Value 500

Amendments 9/12/1931 Boatshed & W/E Ctge UCV 30 ICV 500

1/10/1932 Boatshed & W E Cott completed UCV 130 ICV 500

9/10/1934 as above

8/3/1936 As above Delete boatshed - valued separately on PO UCV 33 ICV 400

New valuation Per Occ granted 1/7/35

[See L No 2 – next Appendix]

FIVE WATERFRONT COTTAGES, ILLAWONG, CROWN LAND 9 PAUL DAVIES PTY LTD HERITAGE ASSESSMENT JUNE 2016

Cottage L [No 2]

FB Assessment number Not previously valued

Owner Crown

Lessee Glover, Walter John, ferry master

Lessee’s Address Lugarno via Hurstville

Location of property Off Old Illawarra Road

Purpose used

Notes Per Occ granted 1/7/35 (Site for skids, verandah & Boatshed) ‘On WF opposite Glover’s lease Por 46 100’ Reservation separate lease from PO’ Rent £2/4/0

Date inspected 8/4/1936

Buildings Boatshed used as WE [weekend] Cott

Rooms 1 K

Roof Iron

Built of FC & WB

Age & condition

Size

Unimproved Capital Value 50

Improved Capital Value 100

Amendments 6/7/37 rents £4 pa from 1/11/36 Iron storeroom & roof UCV 80 ICV 150

29/5/42 as above

27/9/43 as above

12/7/46 Needs paint UCV 80 ICV 175

FIVE WATERFRONT COTTAGES, ILLAWONG, CROWN LAND 10 PAUL DAVIES PTY LTD HERITAGE ASSESSMENT JUNE 2016

ATTACHMENT 2:

STRUCTURAL ENGINEER’S REPORTS

FIVE WATERFRONT COTTAGES, ILLAWONG, CROWN LAND 11 PAUL DAVIES PTY LTD HERITAGE ASSESSMENT JUNE 2016

utech e ngineer s

Visual Structural Inspection

Illawong Cottage No. 1 Old Ferry Rd. Illawong

Prepared by

utech engineers

May 2016

Job Number: 16051 Client: Soil Conservation Service Revision: A level 4, suite 236 813 pacific hwy chatswood 2067 australia tel .612 . 9884 9885 fax .612 . 9884 9887 [email protected] acn . 003 242 635 Ulti-Techn ique (Australia) Pty. Limited Consultin g Engineers trades as u t ech enginee rs abn . 21 003 242 635

• Site visit:

In line with instructions from Mr. David Miller of Soil Conservation Service, utech engineers made a site visit to Old Ferry Rd Illawong for familiarity and visual sighting of five dilapidated cottages.

The purpose of this exercise was –

o Familiarity with the cottages and their conditions. o Form and express opinions on the existing condition of these structures. o Provide recommendation on structural rehabilitation options, if deemed reasonable.

As stated, our inspections were based on visual external surveillance by means of walkthroughs and photo documentation from ground level and only covered areas where safe passage was available. Due to safety concerns and missing floor sections in cottages 1, 2 and 4 internal access was deemed too risky by the managers. Internal access to cottages 3 and 5 was not available on the inspection day.

It is noted that visual inspections alone do not reveal issues that may be present beyond the façade, exposed finishes, underground and inherently within the structures. As such, it should not be taken as a full health assessment check. It is of importance for building managers and owners to be observant and mindful of changes or issues that may present themselves during the service life of structures and their surrounding features and to bring them to the attention of relevant specialist consultants/contractors and authorities.

This report outlines our findings and represents our opinion in relation to cottage 1. In preparing this letter we have relied on the following –

o Our visual site walkthrough and inspection. o Advice from Soil Conservation Service.

• General advise from Soil Conservation Service:

o The cottage is vacant. o There is no electricity connection. o Parts of internal flooring and floor supports are missing. o Unsafe to entre.

• General observation: (refer to representative photos here under)

o Extremely dilapidated timber cottage with metal deck roofing, throughout. o The cottage abuts land on its South side but extends onto Georges River supported over unconventional rugged stone/masonry/concrete piers. o Absolutely inadequate subfloor space on the south side with timber generally touching the ground. o Wall linings missing, broken and completely nonexistent on the south side. o All windows and doors, missing or broken, currently boarded for safety. o No gutters, flashing, seals, etc. o West side and northern verandas have entirely collapsed, seem washed away. o Remains of only one northern verandah support remains visible within the river. o Floor bearers and joists are mostly rut filled, broken and disconnected. o Hardly any connection or tie down between the floor system and the supporting piers. o Presence of asbestos material in walling, ceiling, etc.

• Our opinion:

Our sighting and observations have identified serious structural concerns in relation to this cottage. The cottage footings, walls, floor framing and construction are not in compliance with current relevant building codes, standards and acceptable building practice. In our opinion this cottage is dilapidated beyond what may be considered reasonably salvageable for use. We recommend it being fenced off against access immediately.

In its current form, in our opinion, the cottage is a hazard to the public and its surrounding environment. Being subjected to daily environmental effects such as wind, the river currents, moisture, etc. its decay continues and exacerbates over time. With continued degradation the risk of falling apart and polluting the river and the surrounding soil is imminent and real. As such, we recommend the removal of the cottage from this site by a professional and experienced demolition or removal contractor in a safe and environmentally friendly manner.

• Conclusion:

With due consideration to the grossly dilapidated state of cottage 1, especially in relation to its support framing we are of the opinion that it poses unreasonable risk to the environment and the public. With its advanced framing and material decay and its proximity to the river, workable and reasonable structural rehabilitation options are very limited. The removal of this cottage from site by an experienced removal or demotion contractor is considered the most reasonable and logical option.

utech engineers

Photo 2429 Photo 2435

Photo 2438 Photo 2442

Photo 2446 Photo 2461

Photo 2464 Photo 2466

Photo 2471 Photo 2476

Photo 2477 Photo 2479

Photo 2483 Photo 2489

Photo 2495 Photo 2499

Photo 2503 Photo 2505

Photo 2508

utech e ngineer s

Visual Structural Inspection

Illawong Cottages No. 2 Old Ferry Rd. Illawong

Prepared by

utech engineers

May 2016

Job Number: 16051 level 4, suite 236 Client: Soil Conservation Service 813 pacific hwy Revision: A chatswood 2067 australia tel .612 . 9884 9885 fax .612 . 9884 9887 [email protected] acn . 003 242 635 Ulti-Techn ique (Australia) Pty. Limited Consultin g Engineers trades as u t ech enginee rs abn . 21 003 242 635 • Site visit:

In line with instructions from Mr. David Miller of Soil Conservation Service, utech engineers made a site visit to Old Ferry Rd Illawong for familiarity and visual sighting of five dilapidated cottages.

The purpose of this exercise was –

o Familiarity with the cottages and their conditions. o Form and express opinions on the existing condition of these structures. o Provide recommendation on structural rehabilitation options, if deemed reasonable.

As stated, our inspections were based on visual external surveillance by means of walkthroughs and photo documentation from ground level and only covered areas where safe passage was available. Due to safety concerns and missing floor sections in cottages 1, 2 and 4 internal access was deemed too risky by the managers. Internal access to cottages 3 and 5 was not available on the inspection day.

It is noted that visual inspections alone do not reveal issues that may be present beyond the façade, exposed finishes, underground and inherently within the structures. As such, it should not be taken as a full health assessment check. It is of importance for building managers and owners to be observant and mindful of changes or issues that may present themselves during the service life of structures and their surrounding features and to bring them to the attention of relevant specialist consultants/contractors and authorities.

This report outlines our findings and represents our opinion in relation to cottage 2. In preparing this letter we have relied on the following –

o Our visual site walkthrough and inspection. o Advice from Soil Conservation Service.

• General advise from Soil Conservation Service:

o The cottage is vacant. o There is no electricity connection. o Parts of internal flooring and floor supports are missing. o Unsafe to entre

• General observation: (refer to representative photos here under)

o Extremely dilapidated timber cottage with metal deck roofing, throughout. o The cottage abuts land on its South side but extends onto Georges River supported over conventional and unconventional rugged stone/masonry/concrete piers. o Some stone piers unbounded. o Many permanent piers and temporary props (replacing piers) skewed and out of straight supporting the existing floor framing. o Completely snapped timber electricity pole. o Absolutely inadequate subfloor space on the south side with timber generally touching the ground. o Wall linings missing, cracked and broken. o Most windows and doors, missing or broken, currently boarded for safety. o No gutters, flashing, seals, etc. o River side verandah collapsed. o Some verandah framing remaining on West and East sides. No flooring. o River side verandah piers collapsed/washed away. Temporarily support with inadequate acro props loosely in place. o Floor bearers and joists are mostly rut filled, broken and disconnected. o Wall framing and roof support framing decayed. o Undersized veranda roof framing with inadequate joints. o Totally inadequate floor framing tie down at supporting piers. o Presence of asbestos material in wall linings, ceilings, etc.

• Our opinion:

Our sighting and observations have identified severe structural concerns in relation to this cottage. The cottage footings, piers (especially the make shift props), walls, floor framing and construction are not in compliance with current relevant building codes, standards and acceptable building practice. In our opinion this cottage is dilapidated beyond what may be considered reasonably salvageable for use. We recommend it being fenced off against access, immediately.

In its current form, in our opinion, the cottage is a hazard to the public and its surrounding environment. Being subjected to daily environmental effects such as wind, the river currents, moisture, etc. its decay will continue and will exacerbate over time. With continued degradation the risk of falling apart and polluting the river and the surrounding soil is imminent and real. As such, we recommend the removal of this cottage from the site by a professional and experienced demolition or removal contractor in a safe and environmentally friendly manner.

• Conclusion:

With due consideration to the hideously dilapidated state of cottage 2, especially in relation to its support framing and piers, we are of the opinion that it poses unacceptable risk to the environment and the public. With its advanced framing and material decay and its proximity to the river, workable and reasonable structural rehabilitation options are very limited. The removal of this cottage from site by an experienced removal or demotion contractor is considered the most reasonable and logical option.

utech engineers

Photo 2333 Photo 2335

Photo 2337 Photo 2344

Photo 2345 Photo 2348

Photo 2351 Photo 2353

Photo 2355 Photo 2364

Photo 2369 Photo 2372

Photo 2374 Photo 2378

Photo 2393 Photo 2395

Photo 2414

utech e ngineer s

Visual Structural Inspection

Illawong Cottages No. 3 Old Ferry Rd. Illawong

Prepared by

utech engineers

May 2016

Job Number: 16051 level 4, suite 236 Client: Soil Conservation Service 813 pacific hwy Revision: A chatswood 2067 australia tel .612 . 9884 9885 fax .612 . 9884 9887 [email protected] acn . 003 242 635 Ulti-Techn ique (Australia) Pty. Limited Consultin g Engineers trades as u t ech enginee rs abn . 21 003 242 635 • Site visit:

In line with instructions from Mr. David Miller of Soil Conservation Service, utech engineers made a site visit to Old Ferry Rd Illawong for familiarity and visual sighting of five dilapidated cottages.

The purpose of this exercise was –

o Familiarity with the cottages and their conditions. o Form and express opinions on the existing condition of these structures. o Provide recommendation on structural rehabilitation options, if deemed reasonable.

As stated, our inspections were based on visual external surveillance by means of walkthroughs and photo documentation from ground level and only covered areas where safe passage was available. Due to safety concerns and missing floor sections in cottages 1, 2 and 4 internal access was deemed too risky by the managers. Internal access to cottages 3 and 5 was not available on the inspection day.

It is noted that visual inspections alone do not reveal issues that may be present beyond the façade, exposed finishes, underground and inherently within the structures. As such, it should not be taken as a full health assessment check. It is of importance for building managers and owners to be observant and mindful of changes or issues that may present themselves during the service life of structures and their surrounding features and to bring them to the attention of relevant specialist consultants/contractors and authorities.

This report outlines our findings and represents our opinion in relation to cottage 3. In preparing this letter we have relied on the following –

o Our visual site walkthrough and inspection. o Advice from Soil Conservation Service.

• General advise from Soil Conservation Service:

o The cottage is not vacant. o There is electricity connection to the dwelling. o The current occupier has lived in the dwelling for the past 17 years and has made various improvements.

• General observation: (refer to representative photos here under)

o By far the best and least rundown cottage of the lot. o The cottage abuts land on its South side but extends onto Georges River supported over conventional and unconventional rugged stone/masonry/concrete piers. o Some stone piers unbounded. o Temporary acro props supporting the Northern edge of the dwelling, in the river. o Timber floor framing seems to be elevated slightly on the dwellings south side but not adequate enough to today’s standard. o External wall linings generally in intact condition around the dwelling. West side has a broken bay with loose fixings. o Windows and doors intact and in generally acceptable condition. o Roof sheeting and capping relatively new and in above average condition. o No gutter to the dwelling main roof. Flat roof to the south and deck flat roof fitted with gutters in reasonably good condition. o Limited access around the dwelling structure hinders clear visual sighting of the undercroft area. o Evidence of local rut in the timber bearers and joists. The extent of the rut not readily evident due to existence of lining and lack of access. o Intact roof and eave lining conceals visual access to roof timber framing. Condition of the same not readily assessable. o Side timber deck seems in reasonable and intact condition. Underside ventilation space not adequate and not in keeping with relevant current codes and standards. o Small cantilevered northern timber deck section seems undersized and has deflected. o New brick piers supporting the main deck. o Reasonable amount of debris and loose timber surrounds the cottage. o Presence of asbestos material in the building linings.

• Our opinion:

Our sighting and observations have identified this cottage to be in far better condition than the others. It is evident that the cottage has had crucial maintenance carried out on it over recent years by the occupier which has slowed its decay. Though, the construction of the cottage is not in compliance with current relevant building codes, standards and acceptable building practice it has stood the test of time rather well. In our opinion with a rigorous maintenance regime, careful upgrading/strengthening and a regular monitoring strategy the cottage can remain effectively serviceable.

To successfully revitalize this cottage areas requiring urgent attention and upgrade include –

o All existing support piers, in particular the temporary props require replacement and strengthening, o The timber floor framing requires a thorough structural inspection throughout with all damaged/rutted sections replaced with joints upgraded and strengthened where required, o Roof support framing to be inspected and repaired, where required, o New tie downs provided where exiting are missing or deteriorated, o All rusted fixings and components to be replaced with new Hot Dipped Galvanized, o Providing flashing and waterproofing joints, o Providing gutters and downpipes all around, o Renewing all electrical wiring if not done so already, o All rubbish, debris and spoil to be removed from the cottage vicinity and underside.

• Conclusion:

With due consideration to the fair condition of this cottage and its heritage value, we are of the opinion that with meticulous rehabilitation, strengthening and a long term regular monitoring plan the cottage can remain serviceable.

utech engineers

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utech e ngineer s

Visual Structural Inspection

Illawong Cottages No. 4 Old Ferry Rd. Illawong

Prepared by

utech engineers

May 2016

Job Number: 16051 level 4, suite 236 Client: Soil Conservation Service 813 pacific hwy Revision: A chatswood 2067 australia tel .612 . 9884 9885 fax .612 . 9884 9887 [email protected] acn . 003 242 635 Ulti-Techn ique (Australia) Pty. Limited Consultin g Engineers trades as u t ech enginee rs abn . 21 003 242 635 • Site visit:

In line with instructions from Mr. David Miller of Soil Conservation Service, utech engineers made a site visit to Old Ferry Rd Illawong for familiarity and visual sighting of five dilapidated cottages.

The purpose of this exercise was –

o Familiarity with the cottages and their conditions. o Form and express opinions on the existing condition of these structures. o Provide recommendation on structural rehabilitation options, if deemed reasonable.

As stated, our inspections were based on visual external surveillance by means of walkthroughs and photo documentation from ground level and only covered areas where safe passage was available. Due to safety concerns and missing floor sections in cottages 1, 2 and 4 internal access was deemed too risky by the managers. Internal access to cottages 3 and 5 was not available on the inspection day.

It is noted that visual inspections alone do not reveal issues that may be present beyond the façade, exposed finishes, underground and inherently within the structures. As such, it should not be taken as a full health assessment check. It is of importance for building managers and owners to be observant and mindful of changes or issues that may present themselves during the service life of structures and their surrounding features and to bring them to the attention of relevant specialist consultants/contractors and authorities.

This report outlines our findings and represents our opinion in relation to cottage In preparing this letter we have relied on the following –

o Our visual site walkthrough and inspection. o Advice from Soil Conservation Service.

• General advise to us:

o The cottage is vacant. o There is no electricity connection. o Parts of internal flooring and floor supports are missing. o Unsafe to entre.

• General observation: (refer to representative photos here under)

o Extremely dilapidated timber cottage with metal deck roofing, throughout. o The cottage abuts land on its South side but extends onto Georges River supported over - ƒ Unconventional rugged stone piers, some not bedded. ƒ Concrete piers. ƒ Unconventional concrete filled clay pipe piers. ƒ Timber post piers. ƒ Temporary acro props as piers. o Many permanent piers and temporary props (replacing piers) skewed and out of straight supporting the existing floor framing. o Original stone river side veranda piers have collapsed/washed away. o At least one house pier within the river is missing its lower section (hanging off the floor framing). o Inadequate bearer support in some areas. o Excessive floor bearer deflection. o Absolutely inadequate subfloor space on the south side with timber touching the ground. o Wall linings missing, cracked and broken. o Makeshift wall lining nailed on in some areas. o Inadequate window and door fixings to wall framing. o No gutters, flashing, seals, etc. o River side verandah collapsed. o Floor bearers and joists are mostly rut filled, broken and disconnected. o Wall framing and roof support framing decayed. o Undersized veranda roof framing with grossly inadequate joints. o Excessive roof batten cantilever along roof edge. o Totally inadequate floor framing tie down at supporting piers. o Presence of asbestos material in wall linings, ceilings, etc.

• Our opinion:

Our sighting and observations have identified serious structural concerns in relation to this cottage. The cottage footings, piers (especially the make shift props), walls, floor framing and construction are not in compliance with current relevant building codes, standards and acceptable building practice. In our opinion this cottage is dilapidated beyond what may be considered reasonably salvageable for use. We recommend it being barricaded off against access, immediately.

In its current form, in our opinion, the cottage is a hazard to the public and its surrounding environment. Being subjected to daily environmental effects such as wind, the river currents, moisture, etc. its decay will continue and will exacerbate over time. With continued degradation the risk of falling apart and polluting the river and the surrounding soil is imminent and real. As such, we recommend the removal of this cottage from the site by a professional and experienced demolition or removal contractor in a safe and environmentally friendly manner.

• Conclusion:

With due consideration to the grossly dilapidated state of cottage 4, especially in relation to its support framing and pier construction, we are of the opinion that it poses unreasonable risk to the environment and the public. With its advanced framing and material decay and its proximity to the river, workable and reasonable structural rehabilitation options are very limited. The removal of this cottage from site by an experienced removal or demotion contractor is considered the most reasonable and logical option.

utech engineers

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utech e ngineer s

Visual Structural Inspection

Illawong Cottages No. 5 Old Ferry Rd. Illawong

Prepared by

utech engineers

May 2016

Job Number: 16051 level 4, suite 236 Client: Soil Conservation Service 813 pacific hwy Revision: A chatswood 2067 australia tel .612 . 9884 9885 fax .612 . 9884 9887 [email protected] acn . 003 242 635 Ulti-Techn ique (Australia) Pty. Limited Consultin g Engineers trades as u t ech enginee rs abn . 21 003 242 635

• Site visit:

In line with instructions from Mr. David Miller of Soil Conservation Service, utech engineers made a site visit to Old Ferry Rd Illawong for familiarity and visual sighting of five dilapidated cottages.

The purpose of this exercise was –

o Familiarity with the cottages and their conditions. o Form and express opinions on the existing condition of these structures. o Provide recommendation on structural rehabilitation options, if deemed reasonable.

As stated, our inspections were based on visual external surveillance by means of walkthroughs and photo documentation from ground level and only covered areas where safe passage was available. Due to safety concerns and missing floor sections in cottages 1, 2 and 4 internal access was deemed too risky by the managers. Internal access to cottages 3 and 5 was not available on the inspection day.

It is noted that visual inspections alone do not reveal issues that may be present beyond the façade, exposed finishes, underground and inherently within the structures. As such, it should not be taken as a full health assessment check. It is of importance for building managers and owners to be observant and mindful of changes or issues that may present themselves during the service life of structures and their surrounding features and to bring them to the attention of relevant specialist consultants/contractors and authorities.

This report outlines our findings and represents our opinion in relation to cottage 5. In preparing this letter we have relied on the following –

o Our visual site walkthrough and inspection. o Advice from Soil Conservation Service.

• General advise from Soil Conservation Service:

o The cottage is not vacant. o There is electricity connection to the dwelling. o The current occupier has lived in the dwelling for a number of years.

• General observation: (refer to representative photos here under)

o Dilapidated timber cottage with metal deck roofing, throughout. o Rundown roof sheeting throughout. o The cottage abuts land on its South side but extends onto Georges River supported over - ƒ Unconventional rugged stone piers, some not bedded. ƒ Concrete piers. ƒ Unconventional concrete filled clay pipe piers. o It seems at least some of the house support pier footings within the river are undermined. o Severely decayed veranda framing. o Excessive loading of the verandah structure on the west side with loose timber sections, etc. o Decayed and broken floor framing throughout. o Excessive floor bearer and joist deflection. o Wall lining cracks and breakages. o Fascia boards and caps missing. o No gutters, flashing, seals, etc. o River side cantilevered veranda deflected. o Undersized south awning support framing with grossly inadequate joints. o Totally inadequate floor framing tie down at supporting piers. o Presence of asbestos material in wall linings, ceilings, etc.

• Our opinion:

Our sighting and observations have identified this cottage to be in better condition than cottages 1, 2 and 4. The cottage footings, piers, walls, floor framing and construction are not in compliance with current relevant building codes, standards and acceptable building practice. In addition, the undermined footings present added hazard requiring urgent attention. In our opinion with extensive upgrade, strengthening and member replacement the cottage may remain functional. It is noted that if the cottage is to undergo the said rehabilitation it will need to be complimented with a rigorous and regular health monitoring schedule.

A successful rehabilitation of this cottage requires very urgent attention and upgrade to the following –

o Strengthening and/or replacing all existing support piers, o Underpinning undermined piers within the river, o The timber floor framing requires a thorough structural inspection throughout with all damaged/rutted sections replaced with joints upgraded and strengthened where required, o Roof support framing to be inspected and repaired, where required, o New roof sheeting, o New tie downs provided where exiting are missing or deteriorated, o All rusted fixings and components to be replaced with new Hot Dipped Galvanized, o Providing flashing and waterproofing joints, o Providing gutters and downpipes all around, o Renewing all electrical wiring if not done so already, o All rubbish, debris and spoil to be removed from the cottage vicinity and underside.

• Conclusion:

Cottage 5 does not present itself as dilapidated as numbers 1, 2 and 4. As such, With due consideration to the heritage value of these cottages, we are of the opinion that with thorough rehabilitation and strengthening of areas listed above and a long term regular monitoring plan the cottage can remain serviceable.

utech engineers

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