The Evolution of ebook The of communication has changed rapidly since the dawn of time. From sending smoke to instantly having the ability to seek help, communicate with others, and find , changes in communication have shaped today’s way of living. Pigeon Post In the 5th century BCE, pigeon post was an actual Without progressions in communication, mankind method to use when sending documents, letters, and could still be using carrier pigeons and other basic other important information to another town or nearby to get help. the history of . Pigeon post used pigeons to help deliver — communication through a timeline is essential a far cry from the mail carriers we have today. to grasp just how far we have come as a species. Whether or not you are an expert with today’s To utilize pigeon post, individuals would take methods of communicating and getting in touch, pigeons away from their homes or original nests understanding our past and history is a must when to a destination that required them. Using the moving forward with future , , pigeons homing abilities, an individual was capable and . of sending and letters back and forth, as the pigeon always returned to its original nest once the or document had been attached. Using Fires, Smoke Signals, and Horns pigeons helped to relieve the use of messengers in (Prehistoric Times) this time to help with delivering messages and must- read documents accurately and in a timely manner. Some of the most common methods of communicating in prehistoric times included using fires, smoke signals, and even horns to capture the attention of others. Hydraulic and Maritime Using fires and smoke helped individuals to share their locations and to seek out assistance when they were Hydraulic and maritime semaphores were available in in trouble or looking to be found. Horns were used to the 4th and 15th century. tools included help communicate times and important events that the use of containers filled with water, a floating rod, took place within growing communities and tribes. and various or . In order to make contact Using smoke signals was also helpful to track when with another using the semaphore, an individual groups were moving from one location to another, would drain the water from the chosen semaphore since they did not have the luxury of or the to a certain height—leaving a coded based ability to search a location within minutes with on the height of the water. Semaphores were most technology like we have today. popular in Greek history and are no longer of any use in today’s world. Lamps Signal lamps began the move towards using By 1876, the official telephone was available to use technology when communicating. Signal lamps, for individuals interested in contacting others from which were available around 1867, helped to the comfort of their own homes or offices, depending communicate with individuals through the use of on their financial situations. The first telephone light or secret , often known as . is debatable, as many from Using Morse Code with signal lamps was a method the -1870s are often classified as telephone of communicating with other towns, , and even communication devices. However, 1876 is when water vessels out in the open sea. A was patented the telephone. often only beneficial if those who were receiving the signals were capable of deciphering them on their own. Without an understanding of Morse Code, Acoustic signal lamps would be highly ineffective for the The acoustic was developed and used in general public. Today, signal lamps are still used for 1877 by , leading the path towards more military and defense purposes with soldiers on land electrical means of communication. The acoustic and overseas. phonograph was one of the most influential tools developed and released to assist in the move forward Newspapers with electrical means of telegraph communication. vibrations waveforms were used to help in Newspapers have always been a method of transferring sound and communicating to another communicating, although it is not meant for direct line or phonograph. Using an acoustic phonograph communication from one individual to another. was possible when communicating with others who Newspapers were often published for small towns also had a phonograph and were capable of receiving and cities in the late 1800s, but became one of the messages sent. largest trends in the 1900s for other countries and the itself. Even today, newspapers are still useful and many prefer to read newspapers in-hand rather than online or with the use of a . In 1893, Nikolas Tesla helped to form the use of with the use of “wireless lightning,” TransAtlantic Telegraph a theory he discussed openly. He also concluded that the produced waves were being transmitted—and Since 1838, communication had the ability to be transmitted—because the waves became popular, and in 1858, the very first trans- were not simply just repeating audio and information. Atlantic telegraph cable was up and running. Having the ability to communicate from America to was possible on August 16, 1858, when the first message was sent. It read: “Europe and America are united by telegraphy. Glory to God in the highest; on Earth, peace and good will toward men.” After the development of the trans-Atlantic telegraph, it became much easier to maintain contact with other countries while working towards more methods of communication for the general public. Transcontinental Telephone Calling Having the ability to call another individual overseas was practically unheard of for individuals prior to 1914. Using transcontinental telephone calling was a major shift in communicating and having the ability to stay in touch with loved ones, friends, and acquaintances who were living in another country overseas.

Commercial Radio-Telephone Service By 1927, the very first commercial radio-telephone As wireless telegraphy began to take off, a slew of new service within the UK and the US was released. Having inventions and methods of communication arose. the ability to communicate openly with Europe Although wireless telegraphy became extremely revolutionized the way in which we communicated widespread and known by the early 1900s, it would and shared information. By 1934, it was possible be another century before wireless devices entered to communicate with Japan from the US with the our own hands. Without wireless telegraphy and the use of radio- services in combination with ability to send patterns, sound waves, and video wireless telegraphy. using wireless technology, it is tough to say where our communication methods would be now. Experimental Videophones Experimental videophones were popularized in the early Radio 1920s until the later 1930s, when they were actually The radio was officially available in approximately 1896, developed and released. In 1930, more experimental although there is a long videophones began to arrive, although they were without and methods of transmitting signals that also date back success. The very first videophone network to be to the early 1800s. The radio became an American released to the public was in 1936, when individuals sensation by the mid-1900s, causing entire families began having the rare opportunity to see television to sit around each evening to catch up on world and for what it is today. Once the very first network was local . officially established, it was possible to begin planning shows and creating schedules for news and other video- Although radio is used less today as a two-way mode related broadcasts that had been filmed in the past. of communication, it is still popular among drivers and those who prefer to listen to a or the news versus it. Additionally, there is also radio now Limited Mobile Telephone available for and the at-home listener that Service for Automobiles provides constant streaming of news, information, 1946 introduced the potential of having in and music without disruptions, advertisements, or automobiles, although this trend did not become more promotions throughout the broadcast. well-known and popular until the late 20th century. Using a telephone within a with the use of limited is still used today, but mostly in rural areas and towns without as much technology progression of vehicles and communication. Trans-Atlantic Telephone Cable By 1956, the first trans-Atlantic telephone cable was completed between the US and the UK. The telephone cable itself is used underwater to help connect the countries. Using trans-Atlantic cable is still known today, as there are thousands of underwater cables to date that allow networks to stay in touch with one another while ensuring that communications with different nations and countries is still possible. However, this communication is becoming more wireless with time.

Fiber Optical Television As 1970 approached, using different materials The first television was completed in 1927, although for communications was all the rage. In 1978, it would be decades before most Americans had fiber optic cables were first installed to create a in their own homes. By the mid-1900s, network . Having the ability to use fiber most families had their very own black and white optical telecommunications was possible at television set, allowing them to keep up with the this time, allowing for better connections, less latest news or watch “American Bandstand,” one of problems, and an entirely speedier network on the most popular shows of its time. Using television which to communicate. Fiber optics helped to as a means of communication was possible with local establish phone companies and service providers and national news stations, allowing individuals to that are still around and operating successfully. consume news and information without buying the Today, fiber optics are used to help provide even latest newspaper that had been printed. faster speeds and for service that is being provided for a business or in a Television today is much different than it was in past residential home. years. There are now hundreds, and sometimes thousands, of channels. When the original televisions were released, most individuals were able to access First Public North American anywhere from one to five channels—mostly consisting Videophone Network of news, updates, and information from around the The first public North American videophone network world and locally. With the current use of television, was officially released in 1965 by AT&T’s . The channels broadcast movies, documentaries, television videophone network was first released and shown at shows, and reality TV. The evolution of the television Disneyland and New York’s World Fair on April 20, 1964. is one of the most influential changes in human This videophone network would later become one of history for communications and news. the most popular forms of getting information and watching it in our own homes: the television. Networking Most mobile phones and cellular devices in this time were used for those who had white collar jobs and had Although were being worked on and the ability to afford the expensive, new technology. developed throughout the 1900s, computer networking It was not until the late 1980s that using individual did not arrive in our society until the 1960s. The first mobile phones would catch on as a modern method (WAN) came in 1965 and ARPANET of communication. Most mobile and was used to connect four universities in 1969. It phones in the 1980s and 1990s only provided the became possible to communicate and connect with ability to call other individuals using a traditional dial other users who also owned computers and similar pad. Today, many cell phones are called “,” . Computer networking itself is a means because they have hundreds of features and abilities of communicating with the use of multiple devices to stay in touch with others. that are also electronic. Having the ability to network multiple computers was one of the biggest innovations in communications for humanity to date. With the advent of computers SMTP email was officially available in 1981, making and internet technology, it has never been easier waves for communication throughout offices and to find information while easily connecting with corporate businesses. Using email in the 1980s was a millions of people. new form of communicating, but also a silent one. By the late 1980s and early 1990s, using SMTP traditional email was a must—especially for businesses Mobile/Cellular Networks Established and office workplaces. With the use of email, it became much easier to share messages, new information, and The first modern cellular phone or device was originally with co-workers without taking up copious developed in 1973, although it wasn’t until 1981 when amounts of time. Using email is still a common practice, the very first mobile and cellular network was officially although lately the use of mobile applications and launched. Cellular phones that were released in the video services has dominated the . 1980s through the late 1990s were often large, bulky, and similar to land-line telephone models. While email was still trending and being used for personal and professional means of contact, instant messaging was in the works. With the development and release of instant messaging programs such as AIM and Yahoo! Instant Messenger, talking with family, friends, and even strangers across the world had never been easier. After creating a simple username and password, just about anyone with had the ability to utilize an instant messaging program.

Using instant messaging allowed individuals to quickly chat with friends, make , and even meet new people from the comforts of their own living rooms. The basis of social today is derived from the use of instant messaging programs throughout the 1990s and early 2000s. Widespread Internet Access Towards the late 1990s and the early 2000s, having Internet access in homes became more widespread, allowing the traditional family to have access without paying excessively high prices. Internet access drastically changed the way we communicate with one another. News portals, , and investigative all changed how the Internet is viewed today.

With millions of URLs and domains to visit, individuals began to learn more and had multiple methods of communicating with family, friends, and coworkers. has become a starting point for many new businesses and startups available around the world. With the use of social media, Social Media it is now possible to launch and marketing Social media is one of the largest forms of campaigns without hiring a specialist or seeking out communication today and has remained this a PR firm. The more familiar you become with each way for the past half-decade. Social media allows individual social network, the easier it becomes to people to communicate with one another via a social relate to those you want to reach with the type of media platform. Joining and becoming a member of content or information that you are . Social an online community is a way to find friends, past media has become a key factor in a presence classmates, long-lost family members, and new for yourself personally or building an and potential business partners to work with in the future. reputation professionally in any field or industry. Social media is used for exactly what it like: being social. Sharing updates with multiple networks and cross-promoting new brands or products has Smartphones become a trend with the use of social media, as most technology is one of the biggest changes networks are free to join and use the network for to communication in the past few years. Smartphones personal or commercial purposes. are considered mobile or cellular devices, but often they act more like a typical computer. The most Social media allows for sharing to different popular systems on the market today are iOS, from networks such as , , LinkedIn, Apple, and Android, from Google. The Android and Tumblr, Pinterest, and . Using different iOS smartphones on the market today are touch networks to communicate with others has allowed screen and give users the ability to send , individuals to garner fans and followers, giving an text messages, and responses on social media from entirely new platform for individuals to voice their almost any location, so long as it has satellite cell opinions and sell products or services that they have phone reception. to offer. With the use of some of the most popular platforms available today, it is possible to share news, It has never been easier to stay in touch and seek assistance, and launch your own business. communicate with those you know than with a smartphone. Smartphones provide the ability to download mobile applications and video chats, which is another form of communication that has been a rapidly growing trend for the new generation. Mobile Apps and Video What’s Next? Communications It’s difficult to speculate on the next form of Mobile applications are used with smartphones technology, although more wireless devices to communicate with strangers, family, and friends. and methods of sharing are surely on the rise. There are thousands of mobile apps that are available Understanding the is a way to help things such as getting organized, saving money, to learn more about how far we have come as a species. and building businesses. Mobile communication apps are steadily on the rise and in-demand from consumers. Using mobile applications to communicate can be From smoke signals and pigeons to done with an anonymous account or by registering instantly connecting via video chat an account of your own to meet new people while also staying in touch with those you know. Mobile around the world, society has seen apps are ideal when you are on-the-go or in need of a quick video call with a friend or family member. drastic improvements in the way that

Mobile applications also allow for video we communicate over the past centuries, communications. Some of the most popular and is continuing to move forward and video applications today include Google Hangouts and . Using a free downloadable mobile app create new technology that complements on a smartphone is a way to instantly connect with or replaces existing technology. individuals from around the world, whether you are working at home or vacationing in Rome.

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